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Melo-Silva CR, Sigal LJ. Innate and adaptive immune responses that control lymph-borne viruses in the draining lymph node. Cell Mol Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41423-024-01188-0. [PMID: 38918577 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The interstitial fluids in tissues are constantly drained into the lymph nodes (LNs) as lymph through afferent lymphatic vessels and from LNs into the blood through efferent lymphatics. LNs are strategically positioned and have the appropriate cellular composition to serve as sites of adaptive immune initiation against invading pathogens. However, for lymph-borne viruses, which disseminate from the entry site to other tissues through the lymphatic system, immune cells in the draining LN (dLN) also play critical roles in curbing systemic viral dissemination during primary and secondary infections. Lymph-borne viruses in tissues can be transported to dLNs as free virions in the lymph or within infected cells. Regardless of the entry mechanism, infected myeloid antigen-presenting cells, including various subtypes of dendritic cells, inflammatory monocytes, and macrophages, play a critical role in initiating the innate immune response within the dLN. This innate immune response involves cellular crosstalk between infected and bystander innate immune cells that ultimately produce type I interferons (IFN-Is) and other cytokines and recruit inflammatory monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. IFN-I and NK cell cytotoxicity can restrict systemic viral spread during primary infections and prevent serious disease. Additionally, the memory CD8+ T-cells that reside or rapidly migrate to the dLN can contribute to disease prevention during secondary viral infections. This review explores the intricate innate immune responses orchestrated within dLNs that contain primary viral infections and the role of memory CD8+ T-cells following secondary infection or CD8+ T-cell vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina R Melo-Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building Room 709, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Luis J Sigal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building Room 709, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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Li C, Li P, Peddibhotla B, Teng C, Shi A, Lu X, Cai P, Dai Q, Wang B. Takotsubo syndrome and vaccines: a systematic review. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:1795-1801. [PMID: 38344896 PMCID: PMC11098634 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a rare complication of vaccination. In this study, we sought to provide insight into the characteristics of reported TTS induced by vaccination. METHODS AND RESULTS We did a systematic review, searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, Journals@Ovid, and Scopus databases up to 26 April 2023 to identify case reports or case series of vaccine-induced TTS. We then extracted and summarized the data from these reports. Eighteen reports were identified, with a total of 19 patients with TTS associated with vaccinations. Of the 19 included patients, the majority were female (n = 13, 68.4%) with a mean age of 56.6 ± 21.9 years. Seventeen patients developed TTS after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination, 14 of whom received an mRNA vaccination. Two cases of TTS occurred after influenza vaccination. Among the 19 patients, 17 (89.5%) completed transthoracic echocardiography and 16 (84.2%) underwent angiography procedures. Seven patients (36.8%) completed cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The median time to symptom onset was 2 (inter-quartile range, 1-4) days. The most common symptoms were chest pain (68.4%), dyspnoea (57.9%), and digestive symptoms (31.6%). A total of 57.9% of patients developed nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, myalgia, diaphoresis, and fever. Among the 16 reported cases of TTS, 15 patients (93.8%) exhibited elevated cardiac troponin levels, while among the nine reported cases, eight patients (88.9%) had elevated natriuretic peptide levels. All patients had electrocardiographic changes: ST-segment change (47.1%), T-wave inversion (58.8%), and prolonged corrected QT interval (35.3%). The most common TTS type was apical ballooning (88.2%). Treatment during hospitalization typically included beta-blockers (44.4%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (33.3%), and diuretics (22.2%). After treatment, 81.3% of patients were discharged with improved symptoms. Among this group, nine patients (56.3%) were reported to have recovered ventricular wall motion during follow-up. Two patients (12.5%) died following vaccination without resuscitation attempts. CONCLUSIONS TTS is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of vaccination. Typical TTS symptoms such as chest pain and dyspnoea should be considered alarming symptoms, though nonspecific symptoms are common. The risks of such rare adverse events should be balanced against the risks of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlin Li
- Department of CardiologyJieyang People's HospitalJieyangGuangdongChina
| | - Pengyang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart CenterVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | | | - Catherine Teng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Ao Shi
- Faculty of MedicineSt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Xiaojia Lu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Peng Cai
- Department of Mathematical SciencesWorcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Qiying Dai
- Division of CardiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
- Clinical Research CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
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Francis ER, Vu J, Perez CO, Sun C. Vaccinations in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Semin Hematol 2024; 61:131-138. [PMID: 38302313 PMCID: PMC11162341 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by immune dysfunction resulting in heightened susceptibility to infections and elevated rates of morbidity and mortality. A key strategy to mitigate infection-related complications has been immunization against common pathogens. However, the immunocompromised status of CLL patients poses challenges in eliciting an adequate humoral and cellular immune response to vaccination. Most CLL-directed therapy disproportionately impairs humoral immunity. Vaccine responsiveness also depends on the phase and type of immune response triggered by immunization. In this review, we discuss the immune dysfunction, vaccine responsiveness, and considerations for optimizing vaccine response in patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Vu
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago Medical School
| | | | - Clare Sun
- National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
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Bernier E, Brien ME, Girard S. Pregnant individuals with uncomplicated pregnancies display pro-inflammatory immune changes when exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13828. [PMID: 38374807 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to have a detrimental impact on the mental health of pregnant individuals, and chronic stress can alter the immune profile. However, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the immune system in pregnancy are still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the impact of pandemic exposure on the maternal immune profile in uncomplicated pregnancies. METHOD OF STUDY We collected blood and placenta samples from pregnant individuals exposed and unexposed to the pandemic to compare their immune and inflammatory profiles. We performed co-culture with circulating maternal immune cells and endothelial cells to assess endothelial activation. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney, or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. RESULTS In exposed individuals, we observed a decreased proportion of Th2 cells (p < .0001) and Treg/Th17 ratio (p < .05), as well as an increased Th1/Th2 ratio (p < .0001). Levels of IL-1β (p < .01) and IL-18 (p < .01) were increased in the circulation of exposed participants, whilst other mediators were significantly decreased (IFNγ, IL-8, MCP-1, amongst others). Furthermore, we observed increased production of ICAM, hallmark of endothelial activation, when we co-cultured endothelial cells with immune cells from exposed individuals. Vaccination status impacted the cellular profile with increased proportions of Th1 and B cells in vaccinated participants. CONCLUSION Overall, we observed a pro-inflammatory bias in the circulation of pregnant individuals exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic, with otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies. Our work also supports an association between the increased risk of endothelial activation/hypertension and SARS-CoV2 infection, which might be driven in part by exposure to the pandemic and associated stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Bernier
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marie-Eve Brien
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Girard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Capuano C, De Federicis D, Ciuti D, Turriziani O, Angeloni A, Anastasi E, Giannini G, Belardinilli F, Molfetta R, Alvaro D, Palmieri G, Galandrini R. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on FcγRIIIA/CD16 dynamics in Natural Killer cells: relevance for antibody-dependent functions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1285203. [PMID: 38045702 PMCID: PMC10693335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Natural Killer (NK) cells contribute to the protective effects of vaccine-induced antibodies thanks to the low affinity receptor for IgG, FcγRIIIA/CD16, whose aggregation leads to the killing of infected cells and IFNγ release, through which they potentiate adaptive immune responses. Methods Forty-seven healthy young individuals undergoing either homologous (ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S) or heterologous (ChAdOx1-S/BNT162B2) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination settings were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected immediately prior to vaccination and 8 weeks after the booster dose. The phenotypic and functional profile of NK cells was evaluated by flow cytometry at both time points. Serum samples were tested to evaluate circulating anti-Spike IgG levels and cytomegalovirus serostatus. CD16 F158V polymorphism was assessed by sequencing analysis. Results The downregulation of CD16 and the selective impairment of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and IFNγ production in CD56dim NK population, persisting 8 weeks after boosting, were observed in heterologous, but not in homologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccination scheme. While the magnitude of CD16-dependent functions of the global CD56dim pool correlated with receptor levels before and after vaccination, the responsivity of NKG2C+ subset, that displays amplified size and functionality in HCMV+ individuals, resulted intrinsically insensitive to CD16 levels. Individual CD16 responsiveness was also affected by CD16F158V polymorphism; F/F low affinity individuals, characterized by reduced CD16 levels and functions independently of vaccination, did not show post-vaccinal functional impairment with respect to intermediate and high affinity ones, despite a comparable CD16 downregulation. Further, CD16 high affinity ligation conditions by means of afucosylated mAb overcame vaccine-induced and genotype-dependent functional defects. Finally, the preservation of CD16 expression directly correlated with anti-Spike IgG titer, hinting that the individual magnitude of receptor-dependent functions may contribute to the amplification of the vaccinal response. Conclusion This study demonstrates a durable downmodulation of CD16 levels and Ab-dependent NK functions after SARS-CoV-2 heterologous vaccination, and highlights the impact of genetic and environmental host-related factors in modulating NK cell susceptibility to post-vaccinal Fc-dependent functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Capuano
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide De Federicis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Ciuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Anastasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Molfetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Palmieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Ivanko I, Ćelap I, Margetić S, Marijančević D, Josipović J, Gaćina P. Changes in haemostasis and inflammatory markers after mRNA BNT162b2 and vector Ad26.CoV2.S SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Thromb Res 2023; 228:137-144. [PMID: 37329722 PMCID: PMC10264328 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reported thromboembolic events after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations are still raising concerns, predominantly in non-scientific population. The aim of our study was to investigate the differences between haemostasis and inflammatory markers in the subjects vaccinated with mRNA BNT162b2 and vector Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 87 subjects vaccinated with mRNA BNT162b2 and 84 with Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine. All the laboratory parameters (TAT, F 1 + 2, IL-6, CRP, big endothelin-1, platelets, fibrinogen, D-dimers, VWF activity) were investigated for the mRNA vaccine at five (before the first dose, 7 and 14 days after the first and second vaccine dose), and three time points (before the first dose, 7 and 14 days after) for the vector vaccine, respectively. All the markers were measured by well-established laboratory methods. RESULTS Our results have shown statistically higher CRP levels in the vector group 7 days after vaccination (P = 0.014). Furthermore, study has revealed statistically significant rise in D-dimers (P = 0.004) between tested time points in both vaccine groups but without clinical repercussions. CONCLUSION Although statistically significant changes in haemostasis markers have been obtained, they remained clinically irrelevant. Thus, our study implicates that there is no plausible scientific evidence of a significant disruption in the coagulation and inflammatory processes after vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA and Ad26.CoV2.S vector SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ivanko
- Department of Haematology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - I Ćelap
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Margetić
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Marijančević
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Josipović
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Nephrology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Gaćina
- Department of Haematology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Cadar AN, Martin DE, Bartley JM. Targeting the hallmarks of aging to improve influenza vaccine responses in older adults. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 37198683 PMCID: PMC10189223 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Age-related declines in immune response pose a challenge in combating diseases later in life. Influenza (flu) infection remains a significant burden on older populations and often results in catastrophic disability in those who survive infection. Despite having vaccines designed specifically for older adults, the burden of flu remains high and overall flu vaccine efficacy remains inadequate in this population. Recent geroscience research has highlighted the utility in targeting biological aging to improve multiple age-related declines. Indeed, the response to vaccination is highly coordinated, and diminished responses in older adults are likely not due to a singular deficit, but rather a multitude of age-related declines. In this review we highlight deficits in the aged vaccine responses and potential geroscience guided approaches to overcome these deficits. More specifically, we propose that alternative vaccine platforms and interventions that target the hallmarks of aging, including inflammation, cellular senescence, microbiome disturbances, and mitochondrial dysfunction, may improve vaccine responses and overall immunological resilience in older adults. Elucidating novel interventions and approaches that enhance immunological protection from vaccination is crucial to minimize the disproportionate effect of flu and other infectious diseases on older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia N Cadar
- UConn Center On Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Dominique E Martin
- UConn Center On Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jenna M Bartley
- UConn Center On Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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Takano T, Sato T, Kotaki R, Moriyama S, Fukushi S, Shinoda M, Kabasawa K, Shimada N, Kousaka M, Adachi Y, Onodera T, Terahara K, Isogawa M, Matsumura T, Shinkai M, Takahashi Y. Heterologous SARS-CoV-2 spike protein booster elicits durable and broad antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1451. [PMID: 36922492 PMCID: PMC10016167 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines has not been well studied when compared to different vaccine modalities in the context of additional boosters. Here we show that longitudinal analysis reveals more sustained SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD)-binding IgG titers with the breadth to antigenically distinct variants by the S-268019-b spike protein booster compared to the BNT162b2 mRNA homologous booster. The durability and breadth of RBD-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding inhibitory antibodies are pronounced in the group without systemic adverse events (AEs) after the S-268019-b booster, leading to the elevated neutralizing activities against Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants in the stratified group. In contrast, BNT162b2 homologous booster elicited antibodies to spike N-terminal domain in proportion to the AE scores. High-dimensional immune profiling identifies early CD16+ natural killer cell dynamics with CCR3 upregulation, as one of the correlates for the distinct anti-RBD antibody responses by the S-268019-b booster. Our results illustrate the combinational effects of heterologous booster on the immune dynamics and the durability and breadth of recalled anti-RBD antibody responses against emerging virus variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Takano
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, 140-8522, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kotaki
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Saya Moriyama
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Mio Kousaka
- Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, 140-8522, Japan
| | - Yu Adachi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Taishi Onodera
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Terahara
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Masanori Isogawa
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumura
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
| | | | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
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Verschoor CP, Kuchel GA. Parsing chronological and biological age effects on vaccine responses. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1235-1236. [PMID: 36863310 PMCID: PMC10042685 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris P Verschoor
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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Tandel N, Negi S, Dalai SK, Tyagi RK. Role of natural killer and B cell interaction in inducing pathogen specific immune responses. Int Rev Immunol 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36731424 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2023.2172406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The innate lymphoid cell (ILC) system comprising of the circulating and tissue-resident cells is known to clear infectious pathogens, establish immune homeostasis as well as confer antitumor immunity. Human natural killer cells (hNKs) and other ILCs carry out mopping of the infectious pathogens and perform cytolytic activity regulated by the non-adaptive immune system. The NK cells generate immunological memory and rapid recall response tightly regulated by the adaptive immunity. The interaction of NK and B cell, and its role to induce the pathogen specific immunity is not fully understood. Hence, present article sheds light on the interaction between NK and B cells and resulting immune responses in the infectious diseases. The immune responses elicited by the NK-B cell interaction is of particular importance for developing therapeutic vaccines against the infectious pathogens. Further, experimental evidences suggest the immune-response driven by NK cell population elicits the host-specific antibodies and memory B cells. Also, recently developed humanized immune system (HIS) mice and their importance in to understanding the NK-B cell interaction and resulting pathogen specific immunity has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Tandel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sushmita Negi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sarat K Dalai
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rajeev K Tyagi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
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Marquez-Martinez S, Vijayan A, Khan S, Zahn R. Cell entry and innate sensing shape adaptive immune responses to adenovirus-based vaccines. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 80:102282. [PMID: 36716578 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonreplicating adenovirus-based vectors have been successfully implemented as prophylactic vaccines against infectious viral diseases and induce protective cellular and humoral responses. Differences in the mechanisms of cellular entry or endosomal escape of these vectors contribute to differences in innate immune sensing between adenovirus species. Innate immune responses to adenovirus-based vaccines, such as interferon signaling, have been reported to affect the development of adaptive responses in preclinical studies, although limited data are available in humans. Understanding the mechanisms of these early events is critical for the development of vaccines that elicit effective and durable adaptive immune responses while maintaining an acceptable reactogenicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Marquez-Martinez
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden South Holland 2333 CN, the Netherlands.
| | - Aneesh Vijayan
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden South Holland 2333 CN, the Netherlands
| | - Selina Khan
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden South Holland 2333 CN, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Zahn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, Leiden South Holland 2333 CN, the Netherlands
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Picard E, Armstrong S, Andrew MK, Haynes L, Loeb M, Pawelec G, Kuchel GA, McElhaney JE, Verschoor CP. Markers of systemic inflammation are positively associated with influenza vaccine antibody responses with a possible role for ILT2(+)CD57(+) NK-cells. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:26. [PMID: 35619117 PMCID: PMC9134679 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background With increasing age, overall health declines while systemic levels of inflammatory mediators tend to increase. Although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, there is a wealth of data suggesting that this so-called “inflammaging” contributes to the risk of adverse outcomes in older adults. We sought to determine whether markers of systemic inflammation were associated with antibody responses to the seasonal influenza vaccine. Results Over four seasons, hemagglutination inhibition antibody titres and ex vivo bulk peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses to live influenza viruses assessed via interferon (IFN)-γ/interleukin (IL)-10 production, were measured pre- and 4-weeks post-vaccination in young adults (n = 79) and older adults randomized to standard- or high-dose inactivated vaccine (n = 612). Circulating tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also measured pre-vaccination. Post-vaccination antibody titres were significantly associated with systemic inflammatory levels; specifically, IL-6 was positively associated with A/H3N2 titres in young adults (Cohen’s d = 0.36), and in older high-dose, but not standard-dose recipients, all systemic inflammatory mediators were positively associated with A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B titres (d = 0.10–0.45). We further show that the frequency of ILT2(+)CD57(+) CD56-Dim natural killer (NK)-cells was positively associated with both plasma IL-6 and post-vaccination A/H3N2 titres in a follow-up cohort of older high-dose recipients (n = 63). Pathway analysis suggested that ILT2(+)CD57(+) Dim NK-cells mediated 40% of the association between IL-6 and A/H3N2 titres, which may be related to underlying participant frailty. Conclusions In summary, our data suggest a complex relationship amongst influenza vaccine responses, systemic inflammation and NK-cell phenotype in older adults, which depends heavily on age, vaccine dose and possibly overall health status. While our results suggest that “inflammaging” may increase vaccine immunogenicity in older adults, it is yet to be determined whether this enhancement contributes to improved protection against influenza disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-022-00284-x.
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Bernard NF, Alsulami K, Pavey E, Dupuy FP. NK Cells in Protection from HIV Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061143. [PMID: 35746615 PMCID: PMC9231282 DOI: 10.3390/v14061143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Some people, known as HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) individuals, remain uninfected despite high levels of exposure to HIV. Understanding the mechanisms underlying their apparent resistance to HIV infection may inform strategies designed to protect against HIV infection. Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells whose activation state depends on the integration of activating and inhibitory signals arising from cell surface receptors interacting with their ligands on neighboring cells. Inhibitory NK cell receptors use a subset of major histocompatibility (MHC) class I antigens as ligands. This interaction educates NK cells, priming them to respond to cells with reduced MHC class I antigen expression levels as occurs on HIV-infected cells. NK cells can interact with both autologous HIV-infected cells and allogeneic cells bearing MHC antigens seen as non self by educated NK cells. NK cells are rapidly activated upon interacting with HIV-infected or allogenic cells to elicit anti-viral activity that blocks HIV spread to new target cells, suppresses HIV replication, and kills HIV-infected cells before HIV reservoirs can be seeded and infection can be established. In this manuscript, we will review the epidemiological and functional evidence for a role for NK cells in protection from HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole F. Bernard
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada; (K.A.); (E.P.); (F.P.D.)
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Clinical Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(514)-934-1934 (ext. 44584)
| | - Khlood Alsulami
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada; (K.A.); (E.P.); (F.P.D.)
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Erik Pavey
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada; (K.A.); (E.P.); (F.P.D.)
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Franck P. Dupuy
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada; (K.A.); (E.P.); (F.P.D.)
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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14
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Bernard NF, Kant S, Kiani Z, Tremblay C, Dupuy FP. Natural Killer Cells in Antibody Independent and Antibody Dependent HIV Control. Front Immunol 2022; 13:879124. [PMID: 35720328 PMCID: PMC9205404 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.879124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), when left untreated, typically leads to disease progression towards acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Some people living with HIV (PLWH) control their virus to levels below the limit of detection of standard viral load assays, without treatment. As such, they represent examples of a functional HIV cure. These individuals, called Elite Controllers (ECs), are rare, making up <1% of PLWH. Genome wide association studies mapped genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I region as important in HIV control. ECs have potent virus specific CD8+ T cell responses often restricted by protective MHC class I antigens. Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells whose activation state depends on the integration of activating and inhibitory signals arising from cell surface receptors interacting with their ligands on neighboring cells. Inhibitory NK cell receptors also use a subset of MHC class I antigens as ligands. This interaction educates NK cells, priming them to respond to HIV infected cell with reduced MHC class I antigen expression levels. NK cells can also be activated through the crosslinking of the activating NK cell receptor, CD16, which binds the fragment crystallizable portion of immunoglobulin G. This mode of activation confers NK cells with specificity to HIV infected cells when the antigen binding portion of CD16 bound immunoglobulin G recognizes HIV Envelope on infected cells. Here, we review the role of NK cells in antibody independent and antibody dependent HIV control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole F. Bernard
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Clinical Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Nicole F. Bernard,
| | - Sanket Kant
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zahra Kiani
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology Infectiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Franck P. Dupuy
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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15
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Takano T, Morikawa M, Adachi Y, Kabasawa K, Sax N, Moriyama S, Sun L, Isogawa M, Nishiyama A, Onodera T, Terahara K, Tonouchi K, Nishimura M, Tomii K, Yamashita K, Matsumura T, Shinkai M, Takahashi Y. Distinct immune cell dynamics correlate with the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100631. [PMID: 35545084 PMCID: PMC9023335 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two doses of Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine elicit robust severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-neutralizing antibodies with frequent adverse events. Here, by applying a high-dimensional immune profiling on 92 vaccinees, we identify six vaccine-induced immune dynamics that correlate with the amounts of neutralizing antibodies, the severity of adverse events, or both. The early dynamics of natural killer (NK)/monocyte subsets (CD16+ NK cells, CD56high NK cells, and non-classical monocytes), dendritic cell (DC) subsets (DC3s and CD11c- Axl+ Siglec-6+ [AS]-DCs), and NKT-like cells are revealed as the distinct cell correlates for neutralizing-antibody titers, severity of adverse events, and both, respectively. The cell correlates for neutralizing antibodies or adverse events are consistently associated with elevation of interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-inducible chemokines, but the chemokine receptors CCR2 and CXCR3 are expressed in distinct manners between the two correlates: vaccine-induced expression on the neutralizing-antibody correlate and constitutive expression on the adverse-event correlate. The finding may guide vaccine strategies that balance immunogenicity and reactogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Takano
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | | | - Yu Adachi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | | | - Nicolas Sax
- KOTAI Biotechnologies, Inc., Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Saya Moriyama
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Lin Sun
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Masanori Isogawa
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Ayae Nishiyama
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Taishi Onodera
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Terahara
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tonouchi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Tomii
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo 135-0064, Japan; AIST-Tokyo Tech Real World Big-Data Computation Open Innovation Laboratory (RWBC-OIL), Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | | | - Takayuki Matsumura
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
| | | | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
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16
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Vrba SM, Hickman HD. Imaging viral infection in vivo to gain unique perspectives on cellular antiviral immunity. Immunol Rev 2022; 306:200-217. [PMID: 34796538 PMCID: PMC9073719 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen near continual global public health crises caused by emerging viral infections. Extraordinary increases in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying successful antiviral immune responses in animal models and during human infection have accompanied these viral outbreaks. Keeping pace with the rapidly advancing field of viral immunology, innovations in microscopy have afforded a previously unseen view of viral infection occurring in real-time in living animals. Here, we review the contribution of intravital imaging to our understanding of cell-mediated immune responses to viral infections, with a particular focus on studies that visualize the antiviral effector cells responding to infection as well as virus-infected cells. We discuss methods to visualize viral infection in vivo using intravital microscopy (IVM) and significant findings arising through the application of IVM to viral infection. Collectively, these works underscore the importance of developing a comprehensive spatial understanding of the relationships between immune effectors and virus-infected cells and how this has enabled unique discoveries about virus/host interactions and antiviral effector cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M. Vrba
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather D. Hickman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Correspondence to: HDH. . 10 Center Drive, Rm 11N244A. Bethesda, MD. 20892. 301-761-6330
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17
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Shen CF, Yen CL, Fu YC, Cheng CM, Shen TC, Chang PD, Cheng KH, Liu CC, Chang YT, Chen PL, Ko WC, Shieh CC. Innate Immune Responses of Vaccinees Determine Early Neutralizing Antibody Production After ChAdOx1nCoV-19 Vaccination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:807454. [PMID: 35145520 PMCID: PMC8822242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.807454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Innate immunity, armed with pattern recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors (TLR), is critical for immune cell activation and the connection to anti-microbial adaptive immunity. However, information regarding the impact of age on the innate immunity in response to SARS-CoV2 adenovirus vector vaccines and its association with specific immune responses remains scarce. Methods Fifteen subjects between 25-35 years (the young group) and five subjects between 60-70 years (the older adult group) were enrolled before ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccination. We determined activation markers and cytokine production of monocyte, natural killer (NK) cells and B cells ex vivo stimulated with TLR agonist (poly (I:C) for TLR3; LPS for TLR4; imiquimod for TLR7; CpG for TLR9) before vaccination and 3-5 days after each jab with flow cytometry. Anti-SARS-CoV2 neutralization antibody titers (surrogate virus neutralization tests, sVNTs) were measured using serum collected 2 months after the first jab and one month after full vaccination. Results The older adult vaccinees had weaker vaccine-induced sVNTs than young vaccinees after 1st jab (47.2±19.3% vs. 21.2±22.2%, p value<0.05), but this difference became insignificant after the 2nd jab. Imiquimod, LPS and CpG strongly induced CD86 expression in IgD+CD27- naïve and IgD-CD27+ memory B cells in the young group. In contrast, only the IgD+ CD27- naïve B cells responded to these TLR agonists in the older adult group. Imiquimode strongly induced the CD86 expression in CD14+ monocytes in the young group but not in the older adult group. After vaccination, the young group had significantly higher IFN-γ expression in CD3- CD56dim NK cells after the 1st jab, whilst the older adult group had significantly higher IFN-γ and granzyme B expression in CD56bright NK cells after the 2nd jab (all p value <0.05). The IFN-γ expression in CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells after the first vaccination and CD86 expression in CD14+ monocyte and IgD-CD27-double-negative B cells after LPS and imiquimod stimulation correlated with vaccine-induced antibody responses. Conclusions The innate immune responses after the first vaccination correlated with the neutralizing antibody production. Older people may have defective innate immune responses by TLR stimulation and weak or delayed innate immune activation profile after vaccination compared with young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Fen Shen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Yen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Fu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Shen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-De Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chi-Chang Shieh,
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18
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Pizzagalli DU, Pulfer A, Thelen M, Krause R, Gonzalez SF. In Vivo Motility Patterns Displayed by Immune Cells Under Inflammatory Conditions. Front Immunol 2022; 12:804159. [PMID: 35046959 PMCID: PMC8762290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.804159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of immune cells plays a key role in inflammation. This is evident in the fact that inflammatory stimuli elicit a broad range of migration patterns in immune cells. Since these patterns are pivotal for initiating the immune response, their dysregulation is associated with life-threatening conditions including organ failure, chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer, amongst others. Over the last two decades, thanks to advancements in the intravital microscopy technology, it has become possible to visualize cell migration in living organisms with unprecedented resolution, helping to deconstruct hitherto unexplored aspects of the immune response associated with the dynamism of cells. However, a comprehensive classification of the main motility patterns of immune cells observed in vivo, along with their relevance to the inflammatory process, is still lacking. In this review we defined cell actions as motility patterns displayed by immune cells, which are associated with a specific role during the immune response. In this regard, we summarize the main actions performed by immune cells during intravital microscopy studies. For each of these actions, we provide a consensus name, a definition based on morphodynamic properties, and the biological contexts in which it was reported. Moreover, we provide an overview of the computational methods that were employed for the quantification, fostering an interdisciplinary approach to study the immune system from imaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ulisse Pizzagalli
- Istituto di Ricerca in Biomedicina (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Euler institute, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Alain Pulfer
- Istituto di Ricerca in Biomedicina (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Istituto di Ricerca in Biomedicina (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Krause
- Euler institute, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Santiago F. Gonzalez
- Istituto di Ricerca in Biomedicina (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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19
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Willems LH, Nagy M, Ten Cate H, Spronk HMH, Jacobs LMC, Kranendonk J, van Leeuwen M, Meijer D, Middeldorp S, Groh LA, Warlé MC. ChAdOx1 vaccination, blood coagulation, and inflammation: No effect on coagulation but increased interleukin-6. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:e12630. [PMID: 34934894 PMCID: PMC8652129 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is the leading approach in combatting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination (ChAdOx1) has been linked to a higher frequency of rare thrombosis and thromboembolism. This study aimed to explore markers related to the blood coagulation system activation and inflammation, before and after ChAdOx1 vaccination. PATIENTS AND METHODS An observational cohort study including 40 health care workers. Whole blood samples were collected before, and either 1 or 2 days after vaccination. Activated coagulation factors in complex with their natural inhibitors were determined by custom ELISAs, including thrombin:antithrombin (T:AT), kallikrein:C1-esterase-inhibitor (PKa:C1Inh), factor(F)IXa:AT, FXa:AT, FXIaAT, FXIa:alpha-1-antitrypsin (α1AT), FXIa:C1inh, and FVIIa:AT. Plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-18 were quantified via ELISA. Analyses were performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS Levels of FVIIa:AT decreased with a median (IQR) of 707 (549-1028) pg/ml versus 598 (471-996) pg/ml, p = 0.01; and levels of IL-6 increased, 4.0 (1.9-6.8) pg/ml versus 6.9 (3.6-12.2) pg/ml, p = 0.02, after vaccination. No changes were observed in T:AT, PKa:C1Inh, FIXa:AT, FXa:AT, FXIaAT, FXIa:α1AT, FXIa:C1inh, and IL-18. CONCLUSION ChAdOx1 leads to an inflammatory response with increased levels of IL-6. We did not observe activation of the blood coagulation system 1-2 days following vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes H. Willems
- Department of SurgeryRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Magdolna Nagy
- Departments of Internal Medicine and BiochemistryMUMC and CARIM School for Cardiovascular DiseasesMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Departments of Internal Medicine and BiochemistryMUMC and CARIM School for Cardiovascular DiseasesMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Center for Thrombosis and HaemostasisGutenberg University Medical CenterMainzGermany
| | - Henri M. H. Spronk
- Departments of Internal Medicine and BiochemistryMUMC and CARIM School for Cardiovascular DiseasesMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Lotte M. C. Jacobs
- Department of SurgeryRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Josephine Kranendonk
- Department of SurgeryRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Maaike van Leeuwen
- Department of SurgeryRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Danielle Meijer
- Department of Laboratory MedicineLaboratory of HematologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Saskia Middeldorp
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Laszlo A. Groh
- Department of SurgeryRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Michiel C. Warlé
- Department of SurgeryRadboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
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20
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Rascle P, Jacquelin B, Petitdemange C, Contreras V, Planchais C, Lazzerini M, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Mouquet H, Huot N, Müller-Trutwin M. NK-B cell cross talk induces CXCR5 expression on natural killer cells. iScience 2021; 24:103109. [PMID: 34622162 PMCID: PMC8479784 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell follicles (BCFs) in lymph nodes (LNs) are generally exempt of CD8+ T and NK cells. African green monkeys (AGMs), a natural host of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), display NK cell-mediated viral control in BCF. NK cell migration into BCF in chronically SIVagm-infected AGM is associated with CXCR5+ NK cells. We aimed to identify the mechanism leading to CXCR5 expression on NK cells. We show that CXCR5+ NK cells in LN were induced following SIVagm infection. CXCR5+ NK cells accumulated preferentially in BCF with proliferating B cells. Autologous NK-B cell co-cultures in transwell chambers induced CXCR5+ NK cells. Transcriptome analysis of CXCR5+ NK cells revealed expression of bcl6 and IL6R. IL-6 induced CXCR5 on AGM and human NK cells. IL6 mRNA was detected in LN at higher levels during SIVagm than SIVmac infection and often produced by plasma cells. Our study reveals a mechanism of B cell-dependent NK cell regulation. IL-6 can induce CXCR5 on NK cells CXCR5+ NK cells expressed high levels of bcl6 and IL6R More IL-6+ plasmablast/plasma cells in lymph nodes in SIVagm than SIVmac infection B cells participate in the regulation of NK cell migration into BCF
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Rascle
- Institut Pasteur, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Jacquelin
- Institut Pasteur, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Caroline Petitdemange
- Institut Pasteur, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Vanessa Contreras
- CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT, IBFJ, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Planchais
- Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Paris, France.,INSERM U1222, Paris, France
| | - Marie Lazzerini
- Institut Pasteur, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT, IBFJ, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Paris, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT, IBFJ, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Mouquet
- Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Paris, France.,INSERM U1222, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Huot
- Institut Pasteur, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Michaela Müller-Trutwin
- Institut Pasteur, HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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21
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Cox A, Cevik H, Feldman HA, Canaday LM, Lakes N, Waggoner SN. Targeting natural killer cells to enhance vaccine responses. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:789-801. [PMID: 34311992 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination serves as a cornerstone of global health. Successful prevention of infection or disease by vaccines is achieved through elicitation of pathogen-specific antibodies and long-lived memory T cells. However, several microbial threats to human health have proven refractory to past vaccine efforts. These shortcomings have been attributed to either inefficient triggering of memory T and B cell responses or to the unfulfilled need to stimulate non-conventional forms of immunological memory. Natural killer (NK) cells have recently emerged as both key regulators of vaccine-elicited T and B cell responses and as memory cells that contribute to pathogen control. We discuss potential methods to modulate these functions of NK cells to enhance vaccine success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Cox
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Hilal Cevik
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - H Alex Feldman
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Laura M Canaday
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nora Lakes
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stephen N Waggoner
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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22
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Feng E, Balint E, Poznanski SM, Ashkar AA, Loeb M. Aging and Interferons: Impacts on Inflammation and Viral Disease Outcomes. Cells 2021; 10:708. [PMID: 33806810 PMCID: PMC8004738 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As highlighted by the COVID-19 global pandemic, elderly individuals comprise the majority of cases of severe viral infection outcomes and death. A combined inability to control viral replication and exacerbated inflammatory immune activation in elderly patients causes irreparable immune-mediated tissue pathology in response to infection. Key to these responses are type I, II, and III interferons (IFNs), which are involved in inducing an antiviral response, as well as controlling and suppressing inflammation and immunopathology. IFNs support monocyte/macrophage-stimulated immune responses that clear infection and promote their immunosuppressive functions that prevent excess inflammation and immune-mediated pathology. The timing and magnitude of IFN responses to infection are critical towards their immunoregulatory functions and ability to prevent immunopathology. Aging is associated with multiple defects in the ability of macrophages and dendritic cells to produce IFNs in response to viral infection, leading to a dysregulation of inflammatory immune responses. Understanding the implications of aging on IFN-regulated inflammation will give critical insights on how to treat and prevent severe infection in vulnerable individuals. In this review, we describe the causes of impaired IFN production in aging, and the evidence to suggest that these impairments impact the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune response to infection, thereby causing disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ali A. Ashkar
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.P.); (M.L.)
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23
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Yu G, Ji X, Huang J, Liao A, Pan L, Hou Y, Hui M, Guo W. Immunity improvement and gut microbiota remodeling of mice by wheat germ globulin. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:64. [PMID: 33733383 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The wheat germ protein (WG) and it's proteolytic peptide have a variety of biological activities. Our previous work showed that WG could improve immunity of the immunosuppressive mice established by cyclophosphamide. However, in the healthy condition and normal diet, as a supplementary food, the effects of immunity improvement and gut microbiota remodeling by the wheat germ globulin has not been studied yet. Here, we reported that WG could improve the immunity and remodel the gut microbiota of the mice, as a potentially safe functional supplementary food for the first time. The increase of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the decrease of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) indicated that WG could enhance the levels of activated T cells and monocytes and anti-inflammatory ability, meanwhile, the significant increase of immunoglobin G (lgG) and the notable decrease of the immunoglobin M (lgM) and immunoglobin A (lgA) illustrated that WG could improve immunity by promoting the differentiation and maturation process of B cells, compared with the NC group (normal control group). 16S rRNA sequencing showed WG could remodel the gut microbiota. At the phylum level, the Bacteroidetes were reduced and Firmicutes were increased in WG group, compared with NC group. At the genus level, the SCFA producing genera of unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Blautia and especially the Roseburia (increased more than threefold) increased notably. Further, the level changes of cytokines and immunoglobulins were associated with the gut microbiota. This work showed that WG could improve immunity and has potential application value as an immune-enhancing functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghai Yu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguo Ji
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Huang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Aimei Liao
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Long Pan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yinchen Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat & Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Ming Hui
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Weiyun Guo
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, P. R. China
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24
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Latino I, Gonzalez SF. Spatio-temporal profile of innate inflammatory cells and mediators during influenza virus infection. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Niculet E, Chioncel V, Elisei AM, Miulescu M, Buzia OD, Nwabudike LC, Craescu M, Draganescu M, Bujoreanu F, Marinescu E, Arbune M, Radaschin DS, Bobeica C, Nechita A, Tatu AL. Multifactorial expression of IL-6 with update on COVID-19 and the therapeutic strategies of its blockade (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:263. [PMID: 33603870 PMCID: PMC7851683 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a cytokine produced by various cells of the human body (macrophages, lymphocytes, astrocytes, ischemic myocytes, endothelial cells) has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties, being a key component in regulating various physiologic and pathological processes. The structure of this molecule and the receptor system it possesses are important due to the different activities that IL-6 can exert; through trans-signaling pro-inflammatory activities are mediated, while through classic signaling, IL-6 is responsible for anti-inflammatory and regenerative activities. IL-6 signaling is involved in coronary artery disease and the global COVID-19 pandemic. This proatherogenic cytokine reaches elevated serum levels in the cytokine storm generated by SARS-CoV-2, and is also associated with smoking or obesity-classic cardiovascular risk factors which promote inflammatory states. IL-6 levels are proportionally correlated with dyslipidemia, hypertension and glucose dysregulation, and they are associated with poor outcomes in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. IL-6 targeting for treatment development (not only) in cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 is still a matter of ongoing research, although tocilizumab has proven to be effective in reducing the proatherogenic effects of IL-6 and is suggested to improve COVID-19 patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niculet
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Valentin Chioncel
- Cardio-Thoracic Department, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.,Clinical Cardiology Department, 'Bagdasar Arseni' Emergency Hospital, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina M Elisei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Research Center in The Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Magdalena Miulescu
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Olimpia D Buzia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Research Center in The Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Lawrence C Nwabudike
- Department of Diabetic Foot Care, 'Prof. N. Paulescu' National Institute of Diabetes, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Craescu
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Miruna Draganescu
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Florin Bujoreanu
- Department of Dermatology, 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
| | - Elisabeta Marinescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Manuela Arbune
- Centre of Medical-Pharmaceutical Research, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Diana Sabina Radaschin
- Research Center in The Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Carmen Bobeica
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Gr. T. Popa', 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Aurel Nechita
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Department of Pediatrics, 'Sf. Ioan' Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania
| | - Alin L Tatu
- Research Center in The Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, ReFORM-UDJ, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
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26
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Sanchez J, Gonçalves E, Llano A, Gonzáles P, Fernández-Maldonado M, Vogt A, Soria A, Perez S, Cedeño S, Fernández MA, Nourikyan J, de Bernard S, Ganoza C, Pedruzzi E, Bonduelle O, Mothe B, Gòmez CE, Esteban M, Garcia F, Lama JR, Brander C, Combadiere B. Immune Profiles Identification by Vaccinomics After MVA Immunization in Randomized Clinical Study. Front Immunol 2020; 11:586124. [PMID: 33244316 PMCID: PMC7683801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.586124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work has demonstrated the benefits of transcutaneous immunization in targeting Langerhans cells and preferentially inducing CD8 T-cell responses. Methods In this randomized phase Ib clinical trial including 20 HIV uninfected volunteers, we compared the safety and immunogenicity of the MVA recombinant vaccine expressing HIV-B antigen (MVA-B) by transcutaneous and intramuscular routes. We hypothesized that the quality of innate and adaptive immunity differs according to the route of immunization and explored the quality of the vector vaccine-induced immune responses. We also investigated the early blood transcriptome and serum cytokine levels to identify innate events correlated with the strength and quality of adaptive immunity. Results We demonstrate that MVA-B vaccine is safe by both routes, but that the quality and intensity of both innate and adaptive immunity differ significantly. Transcutaneous vaccination promoted CD8 responses in the absence of antibodies and slightly affected gene expression, involving mainly genes associated with metabolic pathways. Intramuscular vaccination, on the other hand, drove robust changes in the expression of genes involved in IL-6 and interferon signalling pathways, mainly those associated with humoral responses, and also some levels of CD8 response. Conclusion Thus, vaccine delivery route perturbs early innate responses that shape the quality of adaptive immunity. Clinical Trial Registration http://ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier PER-073-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Tecnológicas, Biomedicas y Medioambientales, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Elena Gonçalves
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMIParis), Paris, France
| | - Anuska Llano
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Annika Vogt
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Susana Perez
- Centro de Investigaciones Tecnológicas, Biomedicas y Medioambientales, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Samandhy Cedeño
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Antonio Fernández
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Eric Pedruzzi
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMIParis), Paris, France
| | - Olivia Bonduelle
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMIParis), Paris, France
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Lluita contra la Sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carmen E Gòmez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Garcia
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier R Lama
- Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Lima, Peru
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute-HIVACAT, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic-Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Behazine Combadiere
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMIParis), Paris, France
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27
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Tsukamoto H, Kouwaki T, Oshiumi H. Aging-Associated Extracellular Vesicles Contain Immune Regulatory microRNAs Alleviating Hyperinflammatory State and Immune Dysfunction in the Elderly. iScience 2020; 23:101520. [PMID: 32927264 PMCID: PMC7495115 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-associated changes in the immune system often lead to immune dysfunction; however, the mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon have yet to be fully elucidated. This study found that the microRNA-192 (miR-192) is an aging-associated immune regulatory microRNA whose concentration was significantly increased in aged extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to the hyperinflammatory state of aged mice. Interestingly, EV miR-192 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages. In our aged mouse model, aging was associated with prolonged inflammation in the lung upon stimulation with inactivated influenza whole virus particles (WVP), whereas EV miR-192 alleviated the prolonged inflammation associated with aging. The hyperinflammatory state of aged mice resulted in reduced production of specific antibodies and efficacy of vaccination with WVP; however, EV miR-192 attenuated this hyperinflammatory state and improved vaccination efficacy in aged mice. Our data indicate that aged EVs constitute a negative feedback loop that alleviates aging-associated immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Tsukamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kouwaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oshiumi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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28
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Forrest C, Gomes A, Reeves M, Male V. NK Cell Memory to Cytomegalovirus: Implications for Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030394. [PMID: 32698362 PMCID: PMC7563466 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that recognize and eliminate virally-infected and cancerous cells. Members of the innate immune system are not usually considered to mediate immune memory, but over the past decade evidence has emerged that NK cells can do this in several contexts. Of these, the best understood and most widely accepted is the response to cytomegaloviruses, with strong evidence for memory to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and several lines of evidence suggesting that the same is likely to be true of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The importance of NK cells in the context of HCMV infection is underscored by the armory of NK immune evasion genes encoded by HCMV aimed at subverting the NK cell immune response. As such, ongoing studies that have utilized HCMV to investigate NK cell diversity and function have proven instructive. Here, we discuss our current understanding of NK cell memory to viral infection with a focus on the response to cytomegaloviruses. We will then discuss the implications that this will have for the development of a vaccine against HCMV with particular emphasis on how a strategy that can harness the innate immune system and NK cells could be crucial for the development of a vaccine against this high-priority pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum Forrest
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, UCL, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK; (C.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Ariane Gomes
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, UCL, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK; (C.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Matthew Reeves
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, UCL, Royal Free Campus, London NW3 2PF, UK; (C.F.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Victoria Male
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, London SW10 9NH, UK
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (V.M.)
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29
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Zhao H, Wang Y, Li B, Zheng T, Liu X, Hu BH, Che J, Zhao T, Chen J, Hatzoglou M, Zhang X, Fan Z, Zheng Q. Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Otitis Media. Front Genet 2020; 11:495. [PMID: 32536938 PMCID: PMC7267009 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs in many inflammatory responses. Here, we investigated the role of ER stress and its associated apoptosis in otitis media (OM) to elucidate the mechanisms of OM and the signaling crosstalk between ER stress and other cell damage pathways, including inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. We examined the expression of inflammatory cytokine- and ER stress-related genes by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the middle ear of C57BL/6J mice after challenge with peptidoglycan polysaccharide (PGPS), an agent inducing OM. We also evaluated the effect of the suppression of ER stress with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor. The study revealed the upregulation of ER stress- and apoptosis-related gene expression after the PGPS treatment, specifically ATF6, CHOP, BIP, caspase-12, and caspase-3. TUDCA treatment of PGPS-treated mice decreased OM; reduced the expression of CHOP, BIP, and caspase 3; and significantly decreased the proinflammatory gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These results suggest that PGPS triggers ER stress and downstream proinflammatory gene expression in OM and that inhibition of ER stress alleviates OM. We propose that ER stress plays a critical role in inflammation and cell death, leading to the development of OM and points to ER stress inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention of OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, College of Special Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Tihua Zheng
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, College of Special Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiuzhen Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Bo Hua Hu
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Juan Che
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, College of Special Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhaomin Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingyin Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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30
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Pierce S, Geanes ES, Bradley T. Targeting Natural Killer Cells for Improved Immunity and Control of the Adaptive Immune Response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:231. [PMID: 32509600 PMCID: PMC7248265 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are critical for targeting and killing tumor, virus-infected and stressed cells as a member of the innate immune system. Recently, NK cells have also emerged as key regulators of adaptive immunity and have become a prominent therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy and infection control. NK cells display a diverse array of phenotypes and function. Determining how NK cells develop and are regulated is critical for understanding their role in both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review we discuss current research approaches into NK cell adaptive immunity and how these cells are being harnessed for improving cancer and vaccination outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Pierce
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Eric S Geanes
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Todd Bradley
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States.,Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City Medical School, Kansas City, MO, United States
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31
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Potter H, Boyd TD, Clarke P, Pelak VS, Tyler KL. Recruiting the innate immune system with GM-CSF to fight viral diseases, including West Nile Virus encephalitis and COVID-19. F1000Res 2020; 9:345. [PMID: 32704352 PMCID: PMC7359749 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.23729.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic grows throughout the world, it is imperative that all approaches to ameliorating its effects be investigated, including repurposing drugs that show promise in other diseases. We have been investigating an approach to multiple disorders that involves recruiting the innate immune system to aid the body's healing and regenerative mechanism(s). In the case of West Nile Virus encephalitis and potentially COVID-19, the proposed intervention to stimulate the innate immune system may give the adaptive immune response the necessary time to develop, finish clearing the virus, and provide future immunity. Furthermore, we have found that GM-CSF-induced recruitment of the innate immune system is also able to reverse brain pathology, neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome, as well as improving cognition in normal aging and in human patients with cognitive deficits due to chemotherapy, both of which exhibit neuroinflammation. Others have shown that GM-CSF is an effective treatment for both bacterial and viral pneumonias, and their associated inflammation, in animals and that it has successfully treated pneumonia-associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in humans. These and other data strongly suggest that GM-CSF may be an effective treatment for many viral infections, including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Timothy D. Boyd
- University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Penny Clarke
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Victoria S. Pelak
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Tyler
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Gyurova IE, Ali A, Waggoner SN. Natural Killer Cell Regulation of B Cell Responses in the Context of Viral Infection. Viral Immunol 2019; 33:334-341. [PMID: 31800366 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretion of both neutralizing and nonneutralizing virus-specific antibodies by B cells is a key component of immune control of many virus infections and a critical benchmark of successful preventative vaccines. Natural killer (NK) cells also play a vital role in antiviral immune defense via cytolytic elimination of infected cells and production of proinflammatory antiviral cytokines. Accumulating evidence points to multifaceted crosstalk between NK cells and antiviral B cell responses that can determine virus elimination, pathogenesis of infection, and efficacy of vaccine-elicited protection. These outcomes are a result of both positive and negative influences of NK cells on the B cell responses, as well as canonical antiviral killing of infected B cells. On one hand, NK cell-derived cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) may promote B cell activation and enhance immunoglobulin production. In contrast, NK cell immunoregulatory killing of CD4 T cells can limit affinity maturation in germinal centers resulting in weak infection or vaccine induction of antiviral neutralizing antibodies. In this review, we will discuss these and other dueling contributions of NK cells to B cell responses during virus infection or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivayla E Gyurova
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Pathobiology and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ayad Ali
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephen N Waggoner
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Pathobiology and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Li G, Zhou L, Zhang C, Shi Y, Dong D, Bai M, Wang R, Zhang C. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Regulates Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury Mediated by Influenza Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2541. [PMID: 31849847 PMCID: PMC6887893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute inflammatory lung injury is an important cause of death due to influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) played an important role in the regulation of inflammation in the immune system. To investigate the role of IGF1 in IAV-mediated acute inflammatory lung injury, the expression of IGF1 and inflammatory cytokines was tested after IAV A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1; abbreviated as PR8) infection in A549 cells. Then, a BALB/c mouse model of PR8 infection was established. On days 3, 5, 7, and 9 post-infection, the mice lung tissue was collected to detect the expression changes in IGF1 mRNA and protein. The mice were divided into four groups: (1) PBS (abbreviation of phosphate buffered saline); (2) PR8 + PBS; (3) PR8 + IGF1; and (4) PR8 + PPP (abbreviation of picropodophyllin, the IGF1 receptor inhibitor). The body weight and survival rate of the mice were monitored daily, and the clinical symptoms of the mice were recorded. On day 5 post-infection, the mice were sacrificed to obtain the serum and lung tissues. The expression of inflammatory cytokines in the serum was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; lung injury was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the viral proliferation in the lung was detected by real-time quantitative PCR; and the protein expression of the main molecules in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was detected by Western blot. It was found that IGF1 expression is upregulated in A549 cells and BALB/c mice infected with PR8, whereas IGF1 regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by PR8 infection. Overexpression of IGF1 aggravated the IAV-mediated inflammatory response, whereas the inhibition of IGF1 receptor reduced such inflammatory response. The phosphorylation of IGF1 receptor triggered the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways to induce an inflammatory response after IAV infection. Therefore, IGF1 plays an important immune function in IAV-mediated acute inflammatory lung injury. IGF1 may provide a therapeutic target for humans in response to an influenza outbreak, and inhibition of IGF1 or IGF1 receptor may represent a novel approach to influenza treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Li
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Derong Dong
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Bai
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanfu Zhang
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Pizzagalli DU, Latino I, Pulfer A, Palomino-Segura M, Virgilio T, Farsakoglu Y, Krause R, Gonzalez SF. Characterization of the Dynamic Behavior of Neutrophils Following Influenza Vaccination. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2621. [PMID: 31824481 PMCID: PMC6881817 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are amongst the first cells to respond to inflammation and infection. Although they play a key role in limiting the dissemination of pathogens, the study of their dynamic behavior in immune organs remains elusive. In this work, we characterized in vivo the dynamic behavior of neutrophils in the mouse popliteal lymph node (PLN) after influenza vaccination with UV-inactivated virus. To achieve this, we used an image-based systems biology approach to detect the motility patterns of neutrophils and to associate them to distinct actions. We described a prominent and rapid recruitment of neutrophils to the PLN following vaccination, which was dependent on the secretion of the chemokine CXCL1 and the alarmin molecule IL-1α. In addition, we observed that the initial recruitment occurred mainly via high endothelial venules located in the paracortical and interfollicular regions of the PLN. The analysis of the spatial-temporal patterns of neutrophil migration demonstrated that, in the initial stage, the majority of neutrophils displayed a patrolling behavior, followed by the formation of swarms in the subcapsular sinus of the PLN, which were associated with macrophages in this compartment. Finally, we observed using multiple imaging techniques, that neutrophils phagocytize and transport influenza virus particles. These processes might have important implications in the capacity of these cells to present viral antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ulisse Pizzagalli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Computational Science, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Irene Latino
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alain Pulfer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Palomino-Segura
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Virgilio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Rolf Krause
- Institute of Computational Science, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Santiago F. Gonzalez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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