1
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Millward DJ. Post-natal muscle growth and protein turnover: a narrative review of current understanding. Nutr Res Rev 2024; 37:141-168. [PMID: 37395180 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422423000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
A model explaining the dietary-protein-driven post-natal skeletal muscle growth and protein turnover in the rat is updated, and the mechanisms involved are described, in this narrative review. Dietary protein controls both bone length and muscle growth, which are interrelated through mechanotransduction mechanisms with muscle growth induced both from stretching subsequent to bone length growth and from internal work against gravity. This induces satellite cell activation, myogenesis and remodelling of the extracellular matrix, establishing a growth capacity for myofibre length and cross-sectional area. Protein deposition within this capacity is enabled by adequate dietary protein and other key nutrients. After briefly reviewing the experimental animal origins of the growth model, key concepts and processes important for growth are reviewed. These include the growth in number and size of the myonuclear domain, satellite cell activity during post-natal development and the autocrine/paracrine action of IGF-1. Regulatory and signalling pathways reviewed include developmental mechanotransduction, signalling through the insulin/IGF-1-PI3K-Akt and the Ras-MAPK pathways in the myofibre and during mechanotransduction of satellite cells. Likely pathways activated by maximal-intensity muscle contractions are highlighted and the regulation of the capacity for protein synthesis in terms of ribosome assembly and the translational regulation of 5-TOPmRNA classes by mTORC1 and LARP1 are discussed. Evidence for and potential mechanisms by which volume limitation of muscle growth can occur which would limit protein deposition within the myofibre are reviewed. An understanding of how muscle growth is achieved allows better nutritional management of its growth in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Joe Millward
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences & Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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2
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Marzetti E, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Calvani R, Landi F, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Picca A. Restoring Mitochondrial Function and Muscle Satellite Cell Signaling: Remedies against Age-Related Sarcopenia. Biomolecules 2024; 14:415. [PMID: 38672432 PMCID: PMC11048011 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia has a complex pathophysiology that encompasses metabolic dysregulation and muscle ultrastructural changes. Among the drivers of intracellular and ultrastructural changes of muscle fibers in sarcopenia, mitochondria and their quality control pathways play relevant roles. Mononucleated muscle stem cells/satellite cells (MSCs) have been attributed a critical role in muscle repair after an injury. The involvement of mitochondria in supporting MSC-directed muscle repair is unclear. There is evidence that a reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis blunts muscle repair, thus indicating that the delivery of functional mitochondria to injured muscles can be harnessed to limit muscle fibrosis and enhance restoration of muscle function. Injection of autologous respiration-competent mitochondria from uninjured sites to damaged tissue has been shown to reduce infarct size and enhance cell survival in preclinical models of ischemia-reperfusion. Furthermore, the incorporation of donor mitochondria into MSCs enhances lung and cardiac tissue repair. This strategy has also been tested for regeneration purposes in traumatic muscle injuries. Indeed, the systemic delivery of mitochondria promotes muscle regeneration and restores muscle mass and function while reducing fibrosis during recovery after an injury. In this review, we discuss the contribution of altered MSC function to sarcopenia and illustrate the prospect of harnessing mitochondrial delivery and restoration of MSCs as a therapeutic strategy against age-related sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70010 Casamassima, Italy;
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70010 Casamassima, Italy;
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3
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Nguyen J, Wang L, Lei W, Hu Y, Gulati N, Chavez-Madero C, Ahn H, Ginsberg HJ, Krawetz R, Brandt M, Betz T, Gilbert PM. Culture substrate stiffness impacts human myoblast contractility-dependent proliferation and nuclear envelope wrinkling. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261666. [PMID: 38345101 PMCID: PMC11033523 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding how biophysical and biochemical microenvironmental cues together influence the regenerative activities of muscle stem cells and their progeny is crucial in strategizing remedies for pathological dysregulation of these cues in aging and disease. In this study, we investigated the cell-level influences of extracellular matrix (ECM) ligands and culture substrate stiffness on primary human myoblast contractility and proliferation within 16 h of plating and found that tethered fibronectin led to stronger stiffness-dependent responses compared to laminin and collagen. A proteome-wide analysis further uncovered cell metabolism, cytoskeletal and nuclear component regulation distinctions between cells cultured on soft and stiff substrates. Interestingly, we found that softer substrates increased the incidence of myoblasts with a wrinkled nucleus, and that the extent of wrinkling could predict Ki67 (also known as MKI67) expression. Nuclear wrinkling and Ki67 expression could be controlled by pharmacological manipulation of cellular contractility, offering a potential cellular mechanism. These results provide new insights into the regulation of human myoblast stiffness-dependent contractility response by ECM ligands and highlight a link between myoblast contractility and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Nguyen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Lu Wang
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Wen Lei
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Yechen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nitya Gulati
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Carolina Chavez-Madero
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Henry Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Howard J. Ginsberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Roman Krawetz
- McCaig Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Matthias Brandt
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Timo Betz
- Third Institute of Physics – Biophysics, Georg August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Penney M. Gilbert
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G5, Canada
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4
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Guilhot C, Catenacci M, Lofaro S, Rudnicki MA. The satellite cell in skeletal muscle: A story of heterogeneity. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:15-51. [PMID: 38670703 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly represented tissue in mammals and is composed of fibers that are extremely adaptable and capable of regeneration. This characteristic of muscle fibers is made possible by a cell type called satellite cells. Adjacent to the fibers, satellite cells are found in a quiescent state and located between the muscle fibers membrane and the basal lamina. These cells are required for the growth and regeneration of skeletal muscle through myogenesis. This process is known to be tightly sequenced from the activation to the differentiation/fusion of myofibers. However, for the past fifteen years, researchers have been interested in examining satellite cell heterogeneity and have identified different subpopulations displaying distinct characteristics based on localization, quiescence state, stemness capacity, cell-cycle progression or gene expression. A small subset of satellite cells appears to represent multipotent long-term self-renewing muscle stem cells (MuSC). All these distinctions led us to the hypothesis that the characteristics of myogenesis might not be linear and therefore may be more permissive based on the evidence that satellite cells are a heterogeneous population. In this review, we discuss the different subpopulations that exist within the satellite cell pool to highlight the heterogeneity and to gain further understanding of the myogenesis progress. Finally, we discuss the long term self-renewing MuSC subpopulation that is capable of dividing asymmetrically and discuss the molecular mechanisms regulating MuSC polarization during health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Guilhot
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Catenacci
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lofaro
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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5
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Hung M, Lo HF, Jones GEL, Krauss RS. The muscle stem cell niche at a glance. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261200. [PMID: 38149870 PMCID: PMC10785660 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs, also called satellite cells) are the source of the robust regenerative capability of this tissue. The hallmark property of MuSCs at homeostasis is quiescence, a reversible state of cell cycle arrest required for long-term preservation of the stem cell population. MuSCs reside between an individual myofiber and an enwrapping basal lamina, defining the immediate MuSC niche. Additional cell types outside the basal lamina, in the interstitial space, also contribute to niche function. Quiescence is actively maintained by multiple niche-derived signals, including adhesion molecules presented from the myofiber surface and basal lamina, as well as soluble signaling factors produced by myofibers and interstitial cell types. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we present the most recent information on how niche signals promote MuSC quiescence and provide perspectives for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Hung
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hsiao-Fan Lo
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Grace E. L. Jones
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert S. Krauss
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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6
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Driskill JH, Pan D. Control of stem cell renewal and fate by YAP and TAZ. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:895-911. [PMID: 37626124 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Complex physiological processes control whether stem cells self-renew, differentiate or remain quiescent. Two decades of research have placed the Hippo pathway, a highly conserved kinase signalling cascade, and its downstream molecular effectors YAP and TAZ at the nexus of this decision. YAP and TAZ translate complex biological cues acting on stem cells - from mechanical forces to cellular metabolism - into genome-wide effects to mediate stem cell functions. While aberrant YAP/TAZ activity drives stem cell dysfunction in ageing, tumorigenesis and disease, therapeutic targeting of Hippo signalling and YAP/TAZ can boost stem cell activity to enhance regeneration. In this Review, we discuss how YAP/TAZ control the self-renewal, fate and plasticity of stem cells in different contexts, how dysregulation of YAP/TAZ in stem cells leads to disease, and how therapeutic modalities targeting YAP/TAZ may benefit regenerative medicine and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan H Driskill
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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7
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Xu D, Wan B, Qiu K, Wang Y, Zhang X, Jiao N, Yan E, Wu J, Yu R, Gao S, Du M, Liu C, Li M, Fan G, Yin J. Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Provides Insight into Skeletal Muscle Evolution during the Selection of Muscle Characteristics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2305080. [PMID: 37870215 PMCID: PMC10724408 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle comprises a large, heterogeneous assortment of cell populations that interact to maintain muscle homeostasis, but little is known about the mechanism that controls myogenic development in response to artificial selection. Different pig (Sus scrofa) breeds exhibit distinct muscle phenotypes resulting from domestication and selective breeding. Using unbiased single-cell transcriptomic sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq), the impact of artificial selection on cell profiles is investigated in neonatal skeletal muscle of pigs. This work provides panoramic muscle-resident cell profiles and identifies novel and breed-specific cells, mapping them on pseudotime trajectories. Artificial selection has elicited significant changes in muscle-resident cell profiles, while conserving signs of generational environmental challenges. These results suggest that fibro-adipogenic progenitors serve as a cellular interaction hub and that specific transcription factors identified here may serve as candidate target regulons for the pursuit of a specific muscle phenotype. Furthermore, a cross-species comparison of humans, mice, and pigs illustrates the conservation and divergence of mammalian muscle ontology. The findings of this study reveal shifts in cellular heterogeneity, novel cell subpopulations, and their interactions that may greatly facilitate the understanding of the mechanism underlying divergent muscle phenotypes arising from artificial selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Boyang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Kai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Yubo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Molecular Design Breeding Frontier Science Center of the Ministry of EducationBeijingChina
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Enfa Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Jiangwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China
| | - Run Yu
- Beijing National Day SchoolBeijing100039China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Min Du
- Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology LaboratoryDepartment of Animal Sciences and School of Molecular BioscienceWashington State UniversityPullmanWA99164USA
| | | | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu625014China
| | - Guoping Fan
- Department of Human GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and feedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Molecular Design Breeding Frontier Science Center of the Ministry of EducationBeijingChina
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8
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Endo T. Postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis governed by signal transduction networks: MAPKs and PI3K-Akt control multiple steps. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:223-243. [PMID: 37826946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myogenesis represents one of the most intensively and extensively examined systems of cell differentiation, tissue formation, and regeneration. Muscle regeneration provides an in vivo model system of postnatal myogenesis. It comprises multiple steps including muscle stem cell (or satellite cell) quiescence, activation, migration, myogenic determination, myoblast proliferation, myocyte differentiation, myofiber maturation, and hypertrophy. A variety of extracellular signaling and subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathways or networks govern the individual steps of postnatal myogenesis. Among them, MAPK pathways (the ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK5 pathways) and PI3K-Akt signaling regulate multiple steps of myogenesis. Ca2+, cytokine, and Wnt signaling also participate in several myogenesis steps. These signaling pathways often control cell cycle regulatory proteins or the muscle-specific MyoD family and the MEF2 family of transcription factors. This article comprehensively reviews molecular mechanisms of the individual steps of postnatal skeletal muscle myogenesis by focusing on signal transduction pathways or networks. Nevertheless, no or only a partial signaling molecules or pathways have been identified in some responses during myogenesis. The elucidation of these unidentified signaling molecules and pathways leads to an extensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Endo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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9
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Bharadwaj A, Sharma J, Singh J, Kumari M, Dargar T, Kalita B, Mathew SJ. Musculoskeletal defects associated with myosin heavy chain-embryonic loss of function are mediated by the YAP signaling pathway. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17187. [PMID: 37492882 PMCID: PMC10493586 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in MYH3, the gene encoding the developmental myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-embryonic) skeletal muscle-specific contractile protein, cause several congenital contracture syndromes. Among these, recessive loss-of-function MYH3 mutations lead to spondylocarpotarsal synostosis (SCTS), characterized by vertebral fusions and scoliosis. We find that Myh3 germline knockout adult mice display SCTS phenotypes such as scoliosis and vertebral fusion, in addition to reduced body weight, muscle weight, myofiber size, and grip strength. Myh3 knockout mice also exhibit changes in muscle fiber type, altered satellite cell numbers and increased muscle fibrosis. A mass spectrometric analysis of embryonic skeletal muscle from Myh3 knockouts identified integrin signaling and cytoskeletal regulation as the most affected pathways. These pathways are closely connected to the mechanosensing Yes-associated protein (YAP) transcriptional regulator, which we found to be significantly activated in the skeletal muscle of Myh3 knockout mice. To test whether increased YAP signaling might underlie the musculoskeletal defects in Myh3 knockout mice, we treated these mice with CA3, a small molecule inhibitor of YAP signaling. This led to increased muscle fiber size, rescue of most muscle fiber type alterations, normalization of the satellite cell marker Pax7 levels, increased grip strength, reduced fibrosis, and decline in scoliosis in Myh3 knockout mice. Thus, increased YAP activation underlies the musculoskeletal defects seen in Myh3 knockout mice, indicating its significance as a key pathway to target in SCTS and other MYH3-related congenital syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Bharadwaj
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Jaydeep Sharma
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Jagriti Singh
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Mahima Kumari
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Tanushri Dargar
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
- Present address:
Faculte de MedicineInstitut NeuroMyoGeneLyonFrance
| | - Bhargab Kalita
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
- Present address:
Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer CenterNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Sam J Mathew
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
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10
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Picca A, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Calvani R, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Leewenburgh C, Marzetti E. Inflammatory, mitochondrial, and senescence-related markers: Underlying biological pathways of muscle aging and new therapeutic targets. Exp Gerontol 2023; 178:112204. [PMID: 37169101 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of functional health is pivotal for achieving independent life in older age. The aged muscle is characterized by ultrastructural changes, including loss of type I and type II myofibers and a greater proportion of cytochrome c oxidase deficient and succinate dehydrogenase positive fibers. Both intrinsic (e.g., altered proteostasis, DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction) and extrinsic factors (e.g., denervation, altered metabolic regulation, declines in satellite cells, and inflammation) contribute to muscle aging. Being a hub for several cellular activities, mitochondria are key to myocyte viability and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in age-associated physical decline. The maintenance of functional organelles via mitochondrial quality control (MQC) processes is, therefore, crucial to skeletal myofiber viability and organismal health. The autophagy-lysosome pathway has emerged as a critical step of MQC in muscle by disposing organelles and proteins via their tagging for autophagosome incorporation and delivery to the lysosome for clearance. This pathway was found to be altered in muscle of physically inactive older adults. A relationship between this pathway and muscle tissue composition of the lower extremities as well as physical performance was also identified. Therefore, integrating muscle structure and myocyte quality control measures in the evaluation of muscle health may be a promising strategy for devising interventions fostering muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, 70100 Bari, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, 70100 Bari, Italy; DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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11
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Madigan LA, Jaime D, Fallon JR. MuSK-BMP signaling in adult muscle stem cells maintains quiescence and regulates myofiber size. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.17.541238. [PMID: 37292636 PMCID: PMC10245747 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.17.541238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A central question in the biology of adult stem cells is elucidating the signaling pathways regulating their dynamics and function in diverse physiological and age-related contexts. Adult muscle stem cells (Satellite Cells; SCs) are generally quiescent but can activate and contribute to muscle homeostasis and repair. Here we tested the role of the MuSK-BMP pathway in regulating adult SC quiescence and myofiber size. We attenuated MuSK-BMP signaling by deletion of the BMP-binding MuSK Ig3 domain ('ΔIg3-MuSK') and studied the fast TA and EDL muscles. In germ line mutants at 3 months of age SC and myonuclei numbers as well as myofiber size were comparable in ΔIg3-MuSK and WT animals. However, in 5-month-old ΔIg3-MuSK animals SC density was decreased while myofiber size, myonuclear number and grip strength were increased - indicating that SCs had activated and productively fused into the myofibers over this interval. Notably, myonuclear domain size was conserved. Following injury, the mutant muscle fully regenerated with restoration of myofiber size and SC pool to WT levels, indicating that ΔIg3-MuSK SCs maintain full stem cell function. Conditional expression of ΔIg3-MuSK in adult SCs showed that the MuSK-BMP pathway regulates quiescence and myofiber size in a cell autonomous fashion. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SCs from uninjured ΔIg3-MuSK mice exhibit signatures of activation, including elevated Notch and epigenetic signaling. We conclude that the MuSK-BMP pathway regulates SC quiescence and myofiber size in a cell autonomous, age-dependent manner. Targeting MuSK-BMP signaling in muscle stem cells thus emerges a therapeutic strategy for promoting muscle growth and function in the settings of injury, disease, and aging.
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12
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Kubota M, Zhang L, Fukada SI. Flow Cytometer Analyses, Isolation, and Staining of Murine Muscle Satellite Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2640:3-11. [PMID: 36995583 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3036-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a powerful and requisite tool for the analysis and purification of adult stem cells. However, it is difficult to separate adult stem cells from solid organs than from immune-related tissues/organs. This is because of the presence of large amounts of debris, which increases noise in the FACS profiles. In particular, it is extremely difficult for unfamiliar researchers to identify muscle stem cell (also known as muscle satellite cell: MuSC) fraction because all myofibers, which are mainly composed of skeletal muscle tissues, become debris during cell preparation. This chapter describes our FACS protocol, which we have used for more than a decade, to identify and purify MuSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kubota
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - So-Ichiro Fukada
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regeneration and Adaptation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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13
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Sénéchal C, Fujita R, Jamet S, Maiga A, Dort J, Orfi Z, Dumont NA, Bouvier M, Crist C. The adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor Gpr116 is essential to maintain the skeletal muscle stem cell pool. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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14
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Zhang J, Raza SHA, Wei D, Yaping S, Chao J, Jin W, Almohaimeed HM, A Batarfi M, Assiri R, Aggad WS, Ghalib SH, Ageeli AA. Roles of MEF2A and MyoG in the transcriptional regulation of bovine LATS2 gene. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:417-426. [PMID: 36126508 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As an important downstream effector gene in the hippo signaling pathway, large tumor suppressor gene 2 (LATS2) is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, organ size and tissue regeneration, and plays an important role in regulating the growth and development of animal muscles. The purpose of this study is to explore the temporal expression of bovine LATS2 gene, and determine the key transcription factors for regulating bovine LATS2 gene. The result showed that bovine LATS2 gene was highly expressed in liver and longissimus dorsi, and was up-regulated in infancy muscle. In addition, it was highly expressed on the 2th day during the differentiation stage of myoblast. The upstream 1.7 Kb sequence of the 5 'translation region of bovine LATS2 gene was cloned, and 7 different deletion fragments were amplified by the upstream primers. These fragments were constructed into double luciferase reporter vectors and transfected into myoblasts and myotubes cells, respectively to detect the core promoter regions. In addition, the key transcription factors of the core promoter sequence of the bovine LATS2 gene were analyzed and predicted by online software. Combining with site-directed mutations, siRNA interference and chromatin immunoprecipitation technology, it was identified that MEF2A and MyoG combined in core promoter region (-248/-56) to regulate the transcription activity of bovine LATS2 gene. The results have laid a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular regulation mechanism of LATS2 gene in the process of muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiupan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Ningxia Academy of agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | | | - Dawei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Song Yaping
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jiang Chao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wang Jin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Ningxia Academy of agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah A Batarfi
- Department of Anatomy, Basic medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Assiri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waheeb S Aggad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 8304, Jeddah 23234, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samirah H Ghalib
- Chemistry department, Collage of Science (female section), Jazan University, Jazan 82621, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Ageeli
- Chemistry department, Collage of Science (female section), Jazan University, Jazan 82621, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Huo F, Liu Q, Liu H. Contribution of muscle satellite cells to sarcopenia. Front Physiol 2022; 13:892749. [PMID: 36035464 PMCID: PMC9411786 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.892749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a disorder characterized by age-related muscle loss and reduced muscle strength, is associated with decreased individual independence and quality of life, as well as a high risk of death. Skeletal muscle houses a normally mitotically quiescent population of adult stem cells called muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) that are responsible for muscle maintenance, growth, repair, and regeneration throughout the life cycle. Patients with sarcopenia are often exhibit dysregulation of MuSCs homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the etiology, assessment, and treatment of sarcopenia. We also discuss phenotypic and regulatory mechanisms of MuSC quiescence, activation, and aging states, as well as the controversy between MuSC depletion and sarcopenia. Finally, we give a multi-dimensional treatment strategy for sarcopenia based on improving MuSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Huo
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- *Correspondence: Hailiang Liu,
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16
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Brun CE, Sincennes MC, Lin AYT, Hall D, Jarassier W, Feige P, Le Grand F, Rudnicki MA. GLI3 regulates muscle stem cell entry into G Alert and self-renewal. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3961. [PMID: 35803939 PMCID: PMC9270324 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are required for the growth, maintenance, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Quiescent satellite cells possess a primary cilium, a structure that regulates the processing of the GLI family of transcription factors. Here we find that GLI3 processing by the primary cilium plays a critical role for satellite cell function. GLI3 is required to maintain satellite cells in a G0 dormant state. Strikingly, satellite cells lacking GLI3 enter the GAlert state in the absence of injury. Furthermore, GLI3 depletion stimulates expansion of the stem cell pool. As a result, satellite cells lacking GLI3 display rapid cell-cycle entry, increased proliferation and augmented self-renewal, and markedly enhanced regenerative capacity. At the molecular level, we establish that the loss of GLI3 induces mTORC1 signaling activation. Therefore, our results provide a mechanism by which GLI3 controls mTORC1 signaling, consequently regulating muscle stem cell activation and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Brun
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Sincennes
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alexander Y T Lin
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Derek Hall
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - William Jarassier
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, UMR5261, U1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Feige
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Fabien Le Grand
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, UMR5261, U1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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17
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Wei D, Raza SHA, Wang X, Khan R, Lei Z, Zhang G, Zhang J, Luoreng Z, Ma Y, Alamoudi MO, Aloufi BH, Alshammari AM, Abd El-Aziz AH, Alhomrani M, Alamri AS. Tissue Expression Analysis, Cloning, and Characterization of the 5'-Regulatory Region of the Bovine LATS1 Gene. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:853819. [PMID: 35692290 PMCID: PMC9185948 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.853819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As a member of the large tumor suppressor (LATS) gene family, LATS1 plays an important role in regulating muscle growth and development. In this study, we determined the distinct exhibit patterns of tissue expression of bovine LATS1. Further, we determined the functional proximal minimal promoter of bovine LATS1 and identified the key transcription factors in the core promoter region to elucidate its molecular regulation mechanism. The results showed that bovine LATS1 was highly expressed in the longissimus thoracis and upregulation in infancy muscle. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay in combination with site-directed mutation and small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference demonstrated that myogenic differentiation 1 (Myod1) and myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) binding in the core promoter region (−298/−123 bp) play important roles in the transcriptional regulation of the bovine LATS1 promoter. Taken together, these interactions provide insight into the regulatory mechanisms of LATS1 transcription in mediating skeletal muscle growth in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | | | - Xingping Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zhaoxiong Lei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guijie Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiupan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhuoma Luoreng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Muna O Alamoudi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Hamad Aloufi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ayman Hassan Abd El-Aziz
- Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Yin S, Song R, Ma J, Liu C, Wu Z, Cao G, Liu J, Zhang G, Zhang H, Sun R, Chen A, Wang Y. Receptor activity-modifying protein 1 regulates mouse skin fibroblast proliferation via the Gαi3-PKA-CREB-YAP axis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:52. [PMID: 35413847 PMCID: PMC9004193 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Skin innervation is crucial for normal wound healing. However, the relationship between nerve receptors and wound healing and the intrinsic mechanism remains to be further identified. In this study, we investigated the role of a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor component, receptor activity‐modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), in mouse skin fibroblast (MSF) proliferation. Methods In vivo, Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of mouse skin wounds tissue was used to detect changes in RAMP1 expression. In vitro, RAMP1 was overexpressed in MSF cell lines by infection with Tet-On-Flag-RAMP1 lentivirus and doxycycline (DOX) induction. An IncuCyte S3 Live-Cell Analysis System was used to assess and compare the proliferation rate differences between different treatment groups. Total protein and subcellular extraction Western blot analysis, quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis, and immunofluorescence (IF) staining analysis were conducted to detect signalling molecule expression and/or distribution. The CUT & RUN assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay were applied to measure protein-DNA interactions. Results RAMP1 expression levels were altered during skin wound healing in mice. RAMP1 overexpression promoted MSF proliferation. Mechanistically, total Yes-associated protein (YAP) and nuclear YAP protein expression was increased in RAMP1-overexpressing MSFs. RAMP1 overexpression increased inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) α subunit 3 (Gαi3) expression and activated downstream protein kinase A (PKA), and both elevated the expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) and activated it, promoting the transcription of YAP, elevating the total YAP level and promoting MSF proliferation. Conclusions Based on these data, we report, for the first time, that changes in the total RAMP1 levels during wound healing and RAMP1 overexpression alone can promote MSF proliferation via the Gαi3-PKA-CREB-YAP axis, a finding critical for understanding RAMP1 function, suggesting that this pathway is an attractive and accurate nerve target for skin wound treatment. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00852-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxu Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqi Cao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayu Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aoyu Chen
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Kim I, Ghosh A, Bundschuh N, Hinte L, Petrosyan E, von Meyenn F, Bar-Nur O. Integrative molecular roadmap for direct conversion of fibroblasts into myocytes and myogenic progenitor cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj4928. [PMID: 35385316 PMCID: PMC8986113 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient MyoD overexpression in concert with small molecule treatment reprograms mouse fibroblasts into induced myogenic progenitor cells (iMPCs). However, the molecular landscape and mechanisms orchestrating this cellular conversion remain unknown. Here, we undertook an integrative multiomics approach to delineate the process of iMPC reprogramming in comparison to myogenic transdifferentiation mediated solely by MyoD. Using transcriptomics, proteomics, and genome-wide chromatin accessibility assays, we unravel distinct molecular trajectories that govern the two processes. Notably, only iMPC reprogramming is characterized by gradual up-regulation of muscle stem cell markers, unique signaling pathways, and chromatin remodelers in conjunction with exclusive chromatin opening in core myogenic promoters. In addition, we determine that the Notch pathway is indispensable for iMPC formation and self-renewal and further use the Notch ligand Dll1 to homogeneously propagate iMPCs. Collectively, this study charts divergent molecular blueprints for myogenic transdifferentiation or reprogramming and underpins the heightened capacity of iMPCs for capturing myogenesis ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inseon Kim
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Bundschuh
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Laura Hinte
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Eduard Petrosyan
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Ori Bar-Nur
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Movement Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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20
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Yang J, Wang K, An Y, Wu R, Li J, Wang H, Dong Y. Mst1/2 is necessary for satellite cell differentiation to promote muscle regeneration. Stem Cells 2022; 40:74-87. [DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The diminished ability for muscle to regenerate is associated with aging, diabetes and cancers. Muscle regeneration depends on the activation and differentiation of satellite cells (SCs). Inactivation of Mst1/2 promotes cell proliferation by activating Yap, and that has been reported as a potential therapeutic target for improving many organ regeneration. However, the function of Mst1/2 in SCs fate decision and that effect on muscle regeneration remain unknown. By using inducible conditional knockout Mst1/2 in the SCs of mice and an inhibitor of Mst1/2, we found that inhibition of Mst1/2 in SCs significantly decrease Yap phosphorylation, thus causing Yap to accumulate in the nucleus and impairing SC differentiation; Mst1/2 were slightly elevated by irisin stimulation during SC differentiation; but inhibiting Mst1/2 in SCs significantly impaired irisin-induced muscle regeneration. These results indicate that Mst1/2 is necessary for SC differentiation and inhibiting Mst1/2 as a therapeutic target has potential risks for muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kezhi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yina An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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21
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Fukada SI. [Involvement of muscle stem cell in skeletal muscle hypertrophy induced by mechanical loading and drugs]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2022; 157:23-25. [PMID: 34980805 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.21047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in our body, consisting of bundles of multinuclear cells called myofibers. Skeletal muscle is responsible for locomotion, metabolism, and life activities such as swallowing and respiration, and is also attracting attention as an endocrine organ. Skeletal muscle has two abilities, regeneration and adaptation, and the understanding of these mechanisms is expected to contribute to the development of therapies for muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophies and muscle atrophy. Skeletal muscle-specific stem cells, muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), are involved in these abilities. As well as other tissue stem cells, MuSCs are also maintained in a dormant state under steady-state conditions. However, when myofibers are damaged, they start to proliferate and eventually rebuilt new myofibers. While, muscle hypertrophy is one of the "adaptation", and MuSCs contribute to muscle hypertrophy by supplying new nuclei to myofibers. In contrast to studies of MuSCs during regeneration, the dynamics of MuSCs during hypertrophy had not been well studied. One reason is that the specific regulatory mechanisms of MuSC in hypertrophic muscle had not been elucidated. In addition to physical stimuli, drugs such as dopings, hormones, and myostatin inhibition are known to induce muscle hypertrophy. The necessity of MuSCs and new myonuclei in various model of muscle hypertrophy has been highly debated. In this review, we introduce the mechanism of MuSC proliferation specific to hypertrophic muscle, and outline the mechanism of muscle hypertrophy induced by exercise and drugs and the involvement of MuSCs.
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22
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Kaneshige A, Kaji T, Zhang L, Saito H, Nakamura A, Kurosawa T, Ikemoto-Uezumi M, Tsujikawa K, Seno S, Hori M, Saito Y, Matozaki T, Maehara K, Ohkawa Y, Potente M, Watanabe S, Braun T, Uezumi A, Fukada SI. Relayed signaling between mesenchymal progenitors and muscle stem cells ensures adaptive stem cell response to increased mechanical load. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 29:265-280.e6. [PMID: 34856120 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adaptation to mechanical load, leading to enhanced force and power output, is a characteristic feature of skeletal muscle. Formation of new myonuclei required for efficient muscle hypertrophy relies on prior activation and proliferation of muscle stem cells (MuSCs). However, the mechanisms controlling MuSC expansion under conditions of increased load are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that interstitial mesenchymal progenitors respond to mechanical load and stimulate MuSC proliferation in a surgical mouse model of increased muscle load. Mechanistically, transcriptional activation of Yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (Taz) in mesenchymal progenitors results in local production of thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1), which, in turn, drives MuSC proliferation through CD47 signaling. Under homeostatic conditions, however, CD47 signaling is insufficient to promote MuSC proliferation and instead depends on prior downregulation of the Calcitonin receptor. Our results suggest that relayed signaling between mesenchymal progenitors and MuSCs through a Yap1/Taz-Thbs1-CD47 pathway is critical to establish the supply of MuSCs during muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kaneshige
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaji
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hayato Saito
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayasa Nakamura
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kurosawa
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Madoka Ikemoto-Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Maehara
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Michael Potente
- Angiogenesis & Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité (BIH) - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuichi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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23
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Fukada SI, Ito N. Regulation of muscle hypertrophy: Involvement of the Akt-independent pathway and satellite cells in muscle hypertrophy. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112907. [PMID: 34793776 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles are composed of multinuclear cells called myofibers and have unique abilities, one of which is plasticity. In response to the mechanical load induced by physical activity, skeletal muscle exerts several local adaptations, including an increase in myofiber size and myonuclear number, known as muscle hypertrophy. Protein synthesis and muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) are mainly responsible for these adaptations. However, the upstream signaling pathways that promote protein synthesis remain controversial. Further, the necessity of MuSCs in muscle hypertrophy is also a highly debated issue. In this review, we summarized the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/Akt-independent activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in muscle hypertrophy and the involvement of mTOR signaling in age-related loss of skeletal muscle function and mass and in sarcopenia. The roles and behaviors of MuSCs, characteristics of new myonuclei in muscle hypertrophy, and their relevance to sarcopenia have also been updated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Naoki Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IBRI), Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
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24
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Rodríguez-Fdez S, Bustelo XR. Rho GTPases in Skeletal Muscle Development and Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112984. [PMID: 34831205 PMCID: PMC8616218 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (GTPases) are molecular switches that cycle between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state during signal transduction. As such, they regulate a wide range of both cellular and physiological processes. In this review, we will summarize recent work on the role of Rho GTPase-regulated pathways in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, tissue mass homeostatic balance, and metabolism. In addition, we will present current evidence that links the dysregulation of these GTPases with diseases caused by skeletal muscle dysfunction. Overall, this information underscores the critical role of a number of members of the Rho GTPase subfamily in muscle development and the overall metabolic balance of mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rodríguez-Fdez
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Correspondence: or
| | - Xosé R. Bustelo
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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25
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Control of satellite cell function in muscle regeneration and its disruption in ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 23:204-226. [PMID: 34663964 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contains a designated population of adult stem cells, called satellite cells, which are generally quiescent. In homeostasis, satellite cells proliferate only sporadically and usually by asymmetric cell division to replace myofibres damaged by daily activity and maintain the stem cell pool. However, satellite cells can also be robustly activated upon tissue injury, after which they undergo symmetric divisions to generate new stem cells and numerous proliferating myoblasts that later differentiate to muscle cells (myocytes) to rebuild the muscle fibre, thereby supporting skeletal muscle regeneration. Recent discoveries show that satellite cells have a great degree of population heterogeneity, and that their cell fate choices during the regeneration process are dictated by both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Extrinsic cues come largely from communication with the numerous distinct stromal cell types in their niche, creating a dynamically interactive microenvironment. This Review discusses the role and regulation of satellite cells in skeletal muscle homeostasis and regeneration. In particular, we highlight the cell-intrinsic control of quiescence versus activation, the importance of satellite cell-niche communication, and deregulation of these mechanisms associated with ageing. The increasing understanding of how satellite cells are regulated will help to advance muscle regeneration and rejuvenation therapies.
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26
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Fukada SI, Nakamura A. Exercise/Resistance Training and Muscle Stem Cells. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:737-744. [PMID: 34372625 PMCID: PMC8419599 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has attracted attention as endocrine organ, because exercise-dependent cytokines called myokines/exerkines are released from skeletal muscle and are involved in systemic functions. While, local mechanical loading to skeletal muscle by exercise or resistance training alters myofiber type and size and myonuclear number. Skeletal muscle-resident stem cells, known as muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), are responsible for the increased number of myonuclei. Under steady conditions, MuSCs are maintained in a mitotically quiescent state but exit from that state and start to proliferate in response to high physical activity. Alterations in MuSC behavior occur when myofibers are damaged, but the lethal damage to myofibers does not seem to evoke mechanical loading-dependent MuSC activation and proliferation. Given that MuSCs proliferate without damage, it is unclear how the different behaviors of MuSCs are controlled by different physical activities. Recent studies demonstrated that myonuclear number reflects the size of myofibers; hence, it is crucial to know the properties of MuSCs and the mechanism of myonuclear accretion by MuSCs. In addition, the elucidation of mechanical load-dependent changes in muscle resident cells, including MuSCs, will be necessary for the discovery of new myokines/exerkines and understating skeletal muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ayasa Nakamura
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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27
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Cai X, Wang KC, Meng Z. Mechanoregulation of YAP and TAZ in Cellular Homeostasis and Disease Progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:673599. [PMID: 34109179 PMCID: PMC8182050 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical cues, such as mechanical properties, play a critical role in tissue growth and homeostasis. During organ development and tissue injury repair, compressive and tensional forces generated by cell-extracellular matrix or cell-cell interaction are key factors for cell fate determination. In the vascular system, hemodynamic forces, shear stress, and cyclic stretch modulate vascular cell phenotypes and susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Despite that emerging efforts have been made to investigate how mechanotransduction is involved in tuning cell and tissue functions in various contexts, the regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. One of the challenges is to understand the signaling cascades that transmit mechanical cues from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm and then to the nuclei to generate mechanoresponsive transcriptomes. YAP and its homolog TAZ, the Hippo pathway effectors, have been identified as key mechanotransducers that sense mechanical stimuli and relay the signals to control transcriptional programs for cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. However, the upstream mechanosensors for YAP/TAZ signaling and downstream transcriptome responses following YAP/TAZ activation or repression have not been well characterized. Moreover, the mechanoregulation of YAP/TAZ in literature is highly context-dependent. In this review, we summarize the biomechanical cues in the tissue microenvironment and provide an update on the roles of YAP/TAZ in mechanotransduction in various physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuei-Chun Wang
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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28
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Zhang L, Kubota M, Nakamura A, Kaji T, Seno S, Uezumi A, Andersen DC, Jensen CH, Fukada SI. Dlk1 regulates quiescence in calcitonin receptor-mutant muscle stem cells. Stem Cells 2021; 39:306-317. [PMID: 33295098 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells, also called muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), are responsible for skeletal muscle regeneration and are sustained in an undifferentiated and quiescent state under steady conditions. The calcitonin receptor (CalcR)-protein kinase A (PKA)-Yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1) axis is one pathway that maintains quiescence in MuSCs. Although CalcR signaling in MuSCs has been identified, the critical CalcR signaling targets are incompletely understood. Here, we show the relevance between the ectopic expression of delta-like non-canonical Notch ligand 1 (Dlk1) and the impaired quiescent state in CalcR-conditional knockout (cKO) MuSCs. Dlk1 expression was rarely detected in both quiescent and proliferating MuSCs in control mice, whereas Dlk1 expression was remarkably increased in CalcR-cKO MuSCs at both the mRNA and protein levels. It is noteworthy that all Ki67+ non-quiescent CalcR-cKO MuSCs express Dlk1, and non-quiescent CalcR-cKO MuSCs are enriched in the Dlk1+ fraction by cell sorting. Using mutant mice, we demonstrated that PKA-activation or Yap1-depletion suppressed Dlk1 expression in CalcR-cKO MuSCs, which suggests that the CalcR-PKA-Yap1 axis inhibits the expression of Dlk1 in quiescent MuSCs. Moreover, the loss of Dlk1 rescued the quiescent state in CalcR-cKO MuSCs, which indicates that the ectopic expression of Dlk1 disturbs quiescence in CalcR-cKO. Collectively, our results suggest that ectopically expressed Dlk1 is responsible for the impaired quiescence in CalcR-cKO MuSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zhang
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manami Kubota
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayasa Nakamura
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kaji
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG), Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Harken Jensen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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29
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Dong T, Sun X, Jin H. Role of YAP1 gene in proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and apoptosis of human periodontal ligament stem cells induced by TNF-α. J Periodontol 2020; 92:1192-1200. [PMID: 32997793 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in periodontal tissues and can cause tooth loosening and loss in severe cases. As the main effector of downstream of Hippo signaling pathway, yes-related protein 1 (YAP1) plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the role of YAP1 in periodontitis has not been reported. METHODS Cell activity was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). YAP1 was overexpressed by cell transfection, and then RT-qPCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of YAP1. The cell proliferation was determined by clone formation assay, and the expression of proliferation-related proteins was determined by western blot. The cell differentiation was detected by ELISA kit of alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and alizarin red staining. Finally, western blot was used to detect the expression of differentiation-related protein and Hippo signaling pathway-related proteins. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS With the increase of concentration induced by TNF-α, the cell survival rate of human periodontal ligament stem cells (HPDLSCs) decreased significantly. After the overexpression of YAP1, cell proliferation and proliferation-related protein expression increased. Overexpression of YAP1 can improve the differentiation and the formation of osteoblasts of HPDLSCs induced by TNF-α. The expression of Hippo signaling pathway-related proteins transcriptional coactivators with PDZ binding domains (TAZ), TEA domain family member (TRED) increased and proliferation-related protein P27 decreased, whereas there was no significant change in the expression of MST1. CONCLUSION TNF-α can inhibit proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of HPDLSCs, which can be ameliorated by the YAP1 gene through the Hippo signaling pathway. Our paper suggested that YAP1 may be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- Department of stomatology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuemin Sun
- Department of stomatology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - He Jin
- Department of stomatology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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30
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Abstract
Individuals that maintain healthy skeletal tissue tend to live healthier, happier lives as proper muscle function enables maintenance of independence and actuation of autonomy. The onset of skeletal muscle decline begins around the age of 30, and muscle atrophy is associated with a number of serious morbidities and mortalities. Satellite cells are responsible for regeneration of skeletal muscle and enter a reversible non-dividing state of quiescence under homeostatic conditions. In response to injury, satellite cells are able to activate and re-enter the cell cycle, creating new cells to repair and create nascent muscle fibres while preserving a small population that can return to quiescence for future regenerative demands. However, in aged muscle, satellite cells that experience prolonged quiescence will undergo programmed cellular senescence, an irreversible non-dividing state that handicaps the regenerative capabilities of muscle. This review examines how periodic activation and cycling of satellite cells through exercise can mitigate senescence acquisition and myogenic decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Chen
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - David Datzkiw
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
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31
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Fukada SI, Akimoto T, Sotiropoulos A. Role of damage and management in muscle hypertrophy: Different behaviors of muscle stem cells in regeneration and hypertrophy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118742. [PMID: 32417255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue with two unique abilities; one is its excellent regenerative ability, due to the activity of skeletal muscle-resident stem cells named muscle satellite cells (MuSCs); and the other is the adaptation of myofiber size in response to external stimulation, intrinsic factors, or physical activity, which is known as plasticity. Low physical activity and some disease conditions lead to the reduction of myofiber size, called atrophy, whereas hypertrophy refers to the increase in myofiber size induced by high physical activity or anabolic hormones/drugs. MuSCs are essential for generating new myofibers during regeneration and the increase in new myonuclei during hypertrophy; however, there has been little investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying MuSC activation, proliferation, and differentiation during hypertrophy compared to those of regeneration. One reason is that 'degenerative damage' to myofibers during muscle injury or upon hypertrophy (especially overloaded muscle) is believed to trigger similar activation/proliferation of MuSCs. However, evidence suggests that degenerative damage of myofibers is not necessary for MuSC activation/proliferation during hypertrophy. When considering MuSC-based therapy for atrophy, including sarcopenia, it will be indispensable to elucidate MuSC behaviors in muscles that exhibit non-degenerative damage, because degenerated myofibers are not present in the atrophied muscles. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the relationship between MuSCs and hypertrophy, and discuss what remains to be discovered to inform the development and application of relevant treatments for muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | - Athanassia Sotiropoulos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
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