1
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Shiomi A, Kaneko T, Nishikawa K, Tsuchida A, Isoshima T, Sato M, Toyooka K, Doi K, Nishikii H, Shintaku H. High-throughput mechanical phenotyping and transcriptomics of single cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3812. [PMID: 38760380 PMCID: PMC11101642 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The molecular system regulating cellular mechanical properties remains unexplored at single-cell resolution mainly due to a limited ability to combine mechanophenotyping with unbiased transcriptional screening. Here, we describe an electroporation-based lipid-bilayer assay for cell surface tension and transcriptomics (ELASTomics), a method in which oligonucleotide-labelled macromolecules are imported into cells via nanopore electroporation to assess the mechanical state of the cell surface and are enumerated by sequencing. ELASTomics can be readily integrated with existing single-cell sequencing approaches and enables the joint study of cell surface mechanics and underlying transcriptional regulation at an unprecedented resolution. We validate ELASTomics via analysis of cancer cell lines from various malignancies and show that the method can accurately identify cell types and assess cell surface tension. ELASTomics enables exploration of the relationships between cell surface tension, surface proteins, and transcripts along cell lineages differentiating from the haematopoietic progenitor cells of mice. We study the surface mechanics of cellular senescence and demonstrate that RRAD regulates cell surface tension in senescent TIG-1 cells. ELASTomics provides a unique opportunity to profile the mechanical and molecular phenotypes of single cells and can dissect the interplay among these in a range of biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Shiomi
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Mayuko Sato
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Doi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Shintaku
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.
- Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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2
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Rommelaere S, Carboni A, Bada Juarez JF, Boquete JP, Abriata LA, Teixeira Pinto Meireles F, Rukes V, Vincent C, Kondo S, Dionne MS, Dal Peraro M, Cao C, Lemaitre B. A humoral stress response protects Drosophila tissues from antimicrobial peptides. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1426-1437.e6. [PMID: 38484734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
7An efficient immune system must provide protection against a broad range of pathogens without causing excessive collateral tissue damage. While immune effectors have been well characterized, we know less about the resilience mechanisms protecting the host from its own immune response. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small, cationic peptides that contribute to innate defenses by targeting negatively charged membranes of microbes. While protective against pathogens, AMPs can be cytotoxic to host cells. Here, we reveal that a family of stress-induced proteins, the Turandots, protect the Drosophila respiratory system from AMPs, increasing resilience to stress. Flies lacking Turandot genes are susceptible to environmental stresses due to AMP-induced tracheal apoptosis. Turandot proteins bind to host cell membranes and mask negatively charged phospholipids, protecting them from cationic pore-forming AMPs. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Turandot stress proteins mitigate AMP cytotoxicity to host tissues and therefore improve their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Rommelaere
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Alexia Carboni
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juan F Bada Juarez
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Boquete
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luciano A Abriata
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Teixeira Pinto Meireles
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Verena Rukes
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Crystal Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, E1 4NS London, UK
| | - Shu Kondo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 162-8601 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marc S Dionne
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology and Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chan Cao
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Lemaitre
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Doktorova M, Levental I, Heberle FA. Seeing the Membrane from Both Sides Now: Lipid Asymmetry and Its Strange Consequences. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041393. [PMID: 37604588 PMCID: PMC10691478 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Almost all biomembranes are constructed as lipid bilayers and, in almost all of these, the two opposing monolayers (leaflets) have distinct lipid compositions. This lipid asymmetry arises through the concerted action of a suite of energy-dependent enzymes that maintain living bilayers in a far-from-equilibrium steady-state. Recent discoveries reveal that lipid compositional asymmetry imparts biophysical asymmetries and that this dualistic organization may have major consequences for cellular physiology. Importantly, while transbilayer asymmetry appears to be an essential, near-ubiquitous characteristic of biological membranes, it has been challenging to reproduce in reconstituted or synthetic systems. Although recent methodological developments have overcome some critical challenges, it remains difficult to extrapolate results from available models to biological systems. Concurrently, there are few experimental approaches for targeted, controlled manipulation of lipid asymmetry in living cells. Thus, the biophysical and functional consequences of membrane asymmetry remain almost wholly unexplored. This perspective summarizes the current state of knowledge and highlights emerging themes that are beginning to make inroads into the fundamental question of why life tends toward asymmetry in its bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milka Doktorova
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Frederick A Heberle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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4
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Goellner S, Enkavi G, Prasad V, Denolly S, Eu S, Mizzon G, Witte L, Kulig W, Uckeley ZM, Lavacca TM, Haselmann U, Lozach PY, Brügger B, Vattulainen I, Bartenschlager R. Zika virus prM protein contains cholesterol binding motifs required for virus entry and assembly. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7344. [PMID: 37957166 PMCID: PMC10643666 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
For successful infection of host cells and virion production, enveloped viruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV), extensively rely on cellular lipids. However, how virus protein-lipid interactions contribute to the viral life cycle remains unclear. Here, we employ a chemo-proteomics approach with a bifunctional cholesterol probe and show that cholesterol is closely associated with the ZIKV structural protein prM. Bioinformatic analyses, reverse genetics alongside with photoaffinity labeling assays, and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations identified two functional cholesterol binding motifs within the prM transmembrane domain. Loss of prM-cholesterol association has a bipartite effect reducing ZIKV entry and leading to assembly defects. We propose a model in which membrane-resident M facilitates cholesterol-supported lipid exchange during endosomal entry and, together with cholesterol, creates a platform promoting virion assembly. In summary, we identify a bifunctional role of prM in the ZIKV life cycle by mediating viral entry and virus assembly in a cholesterol-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Goellner
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giray Enkavi
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vibhu Prasad
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Solène Denolly
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sungmin Eu
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- d-fine GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Giulia Mizzon
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg partner site, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leander Witte
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zina M Uckeley
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Florida, USA
| | - Teresa M Lavacca
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Haselmann
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre-Yves Lozach
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- INRAE, EPHE, IVPC, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ralf Bartenschlager
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg partner site, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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5
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Zhang P, Maruoka M, Suzuki R, Katani H, Dou Y, Packwood DM, Kosako H, Tanaka M, Suzuki J. Extracellular calcium functions as a molecular glue for transmembrane helices to activate the scramblase Xkr4. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5592. [PMID: 37696806 PMCID: PMC10495444 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The "eat me" signal, phosphatidylserine is exposed on the surface of dying cells by phospholipid scrambling. Previously, we showed that the Xkr family protein Xkr4 is activated by caspase-mediated cleavage and binding of the XRCC4 fragment. Here, we show that extracellular calcium is an additional factor needed to activate Xkr4. The constitutively active mutant of Xkr4 is found to induce phospholipid scrambling in an extracellular, but not intracellular, calcium-dependent manner. Importantly, other Xkr family members also require extracellular calcium for activation. Alanine scanning shows that D123 and D127 of TM1 and E310 of TM3 coordinate calcium binding. Moreover, lysine scanning demonstrates that the E310K mutation-mediated salt bridge between TM1 and TM3 bypasses the requirement of calcium. Cysteine scanning proves that disulfide bond formation between TM1 and TM3 also activates phospholipid scrambling without calcium. Collectively, this study shows that extracellular calcium functions as a molecular glue for TM1 and TM3 of Xkr proteins for activation, thus demonstrating a regulatory mechanism for multi-transmembrane region-containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Maruoka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Center for Integrated Biosystems, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics (CiMPhy), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hikaru Katani
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yu Dou
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Daniel M Packwood
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics (CiMPhy), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jun Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Center for Integrated Biosystems, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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6
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Wu N, Veillette A. Lipid scrambling in immunology: why it is important. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1081-1083. [PMID: 37012395 PMCID: PMC10071233 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01009-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Clinical Immunology Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - André Veillette
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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7
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Čopič A, Dieudonné T, Lenoir G. Phosphatidylserine transport in cell life and death. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 83:102192. [PMID: 37413778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a negatively charged glycerophospholipid found mainly in the plasma membrane (PM) and in the late secretory/endocytic compartments, where it regulates cellular activity and can mediate apoptosis. Export of PS from the endoplasmic reticulum, its site of synthesis, to other compartments, and its transbilayer asymmetry must therefore be precisely regulated. We review recent findings on nonvesicular transport of PS by lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) at membrane contact sites, on PS flip-flop between membrane leaflets by flippases and scramblases, and on PS nanoclustering at the PM. We also discuss emerging data on cooperation between scramblases and LTPs, how perturbation of PS distribution can lead to disease, and the specific role of PS in viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Čopič
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34293, Montpellier CEDEX 05, France.
| | - Thibaud Dieudonné
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
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8
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Frewein MPK, Piller P, Semeraro EF, Czakkel O, Gerelli Y, Porcar L, Pabst G. Distributing aminophospholipids asymmetrically across leaflets causes anomalous membrane stiffening. Biophys J 2023; 122:2445-2455. [PMID: 37120716 PMCID: PMC10322881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the mechanical leaflet coupling of prototypic mammalian plasma membranes using neutron spin-echo spectroscopy. In particular, we examined a series of asymmetric phospholipid vesicles with phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin enriched in the outer leaflet and inner leaflets composed of phosphatidylethanolamine/phosphatidylserine mixtures. The bending rigidities of most asymmetric membranes were anomalously high, exceeding even those of symmetric membranes formed from their cognate leaflets. Only asymmetric vesicles with outer leaflets enriched in sphingolipid displayed bending rigidities in conformity with these symmetric controls. We performed complementary small-angle neutron and x-ray experiments on the same vesicles to examine possible links to structural coupling mechanisms, which would show up in corresponding changes in membrane thickness. In addition, we estimated differential stress between leaflets originating either from a mismatch of their lateral areas or spontaneous curvatures. However, no correlation with asymmetry-induced membrane stiffening was observed. To reconcile our findings, we speculate that an asymmetric distribution of charged or H-bond forming lipids may induce an intraleaflet coupling, which increases the weight of hard undulatory modes of membrane fluctuations and hence the overall membrane stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz P K Frewein
- Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria; Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, Graz, Austria
| | - Paulina Piller
- Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, Graz, Austria
| | - Enrico F Semeraro
- Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Yuri Gerelli
- CNR Institute for Complex Systems, Uos Sapienza, Roma, Italy; Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Georg Pabst
- Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, Graz, Austria.
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9
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Dukes HE, Tinker KA, Ottesen EA. Disentangling hindgut metabolism in the American cockroach through single-cell genomics and metatranscriptomics. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1156809. [PMID: 37323917 PMCID: PMC10266427 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1156809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Omnivorous cockroaches host a complex hindgut microbiota comprised of insect-specific lineages related to those found in mammalian omnivores. Many of these organisms have few cultured representatives, thereby limiting our ability to infer the functional capabilities of these microbes. Here we present a unique reference set of 96 high-quality single cell-amplified genomes (SAGs) from bacterial and archaeal cockroach gut symbionts. We additionally generated cockroach hindgut metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequence libraries and mapped them to our SAGs. By combining these datasets, we are able to perform an in-depth phylogenetic and functional analysis to evaluate the abundance and activities of the taxa in vivo. Recovered lineages include key genera within Bacteroidota, including polysaccharide-degrading taxa from the genera Bacteroides, Dysgonomonas, and Parabacteroides, as well as a group of unclassified insect-associated Bacteroidales. We also recovered a phylogenetically diverse set of Firmicutes exhibiting a wide range of metabolic capabilities, including-but not limited to-polysaccharide and polypeptide degradation. Other functional groups exhibiting high relative activity in the metatranscriptomic dataset include multiple putative sulfate reducers belonging to families in the Desulfobacterota phylum and two groups of methanogenic archaea. Together, this work provides a valuable reference set with new insights into the functional specializations of insect gut symbionts and frames future studies of cockroach hindgut metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Dukes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Kara A Tinker
- National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Ottesen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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10
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Reyes Ballista JM, Miazgowicz KL, Acciani MD, Jimenez AR, Belloli RS, Havranek KE, Brindley MA. Chikungunya virus entry and infectivity is primarily facilitated through cell line dependent attachment factors in mammalian and mosquito cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1085913. [PMID: 36743418 PMCID: PMC9895848 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1085913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the causative agent of the human disease chikungunya fever, characterized by debilitating acute and chronic arthralgia. No licensed vaccines or antivirals are currently available for CHIKV. Therefore, the prevention of attachment of viral particles to host cells is a potential intervention strategy. As an arbovirus, CHIKV infects a wide variety of cells in both its mammalian and mosquito host. This broad cell tropism might stem from CHIKV's ability to bind to a variety of entry factors in the host cell including phosphatidylserine receptors (PSRs), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and the proteinaceous receptor Mxra8, among others. In this study, we aimed to determine the relevance of each attachment factor during CHIKV entry into a panel of mammalian and mosquito cells. Our data suggest that the importance of particular binding factors during CHIKV infection is highly cell line dependent. Entry into mammalian Vero cells was mediated through attachment to PSRs, mainly T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain-1 (TIM-1). Conversely, CHIKV infection into HAP1 and NIH3T3 was predominantly mediated by heparan sulfate (HS) and Mxra8, respectively. Entry into mosquito cells was independent of PSRs, HS, and Mxra8. Although entry into mosquito cells remains unclear, our data denotes the importance of careful evaluation of reagents used to identify receptor use in invertebrate cells. While PSRs, GAGs, and Mxra8 all enhance entry in a cell line dependent manner, none of these factors are necessary for CHIKV entry, suggesting additional host factors are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Mary Reyes Ballista
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Kerri L. Miazgowicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Marissa D. Acciani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ariana R. Jimenez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ryan S. Belloli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Katherine E. Havranek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Melinda A. Brindley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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11
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Peikert K, Danek A. VPS13 Forum Proceedings: XK, XK-Related and VPS13 Proteins in Membrane Lipid Dynamics. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2023; 6:25152564231156994. [PMID: 37366410 PMCID: PMC10243564 DOI: 10.1177/25152564231156994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In 2020, the pandemic interrupted the series of biannual International Neuroacanthocytosis Meetings that brought together clinicians, scientists, and patient groups to share research into a small group of devastating genetic diseases that combine both acanthocytosis (deformed red blood cells) and neurodegeneration with movement disorders. This Meeting Report describes talks at the 5th VPS13 Forum in January 2022, one of a series of online meetings held to fill the gap. The meeting addressed the basic biology of two key proteins implicated in chorea-acanthocytosis (mutations in VPS13A) and McLeod syndrome (mutations in XK). In a remarkable confluence of ideas, the speakers described different aspects of a single functional unit that comprises of VPS13A and XK proteins working together. Conditions caused by VPS13 (A-D) gene family mutations and related genes, such as XK, previously footnote knowledge, seem to turn central for a novel disease paradigm: bulk lipid transfer disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Peikert
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section
“Albrecht-Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of
Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences
Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- United Neuroscience Campus Lund-Rostock
(UNC), Rostock site, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adrian Danek
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital,
LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases
(Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Research Site Munich, Munich,
Germany
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12
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Cellular function of (a)symmetric biological membranes. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 7:47-54. [PMID: 36562339 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, phospholipids are asymmetrically distributed between the outer and inner leaflets of the plasma membrane. The maintenance of asymmetric phospholipid distribution has been demonstrated to be required for a wide range of cellular functions including cell division, cell migration, and signal transduction. However, we recently reported that asymmetric phospholipid distribution is disrupted in Drosophila cell membranes, and this unique phospholipid distribution leads to the formation of highly deformable cell membranes. In addition, it has become clear that asymmetry in the trans-bilayer distribution of phospholipids is disturbed even in living mammalian cells under certain circumstances. In this article, we introduce our recent studies while focusing on the trans-bilayer distribution of phospholipids, and discuss the cellular functions of (a)symmetric biological membranes.
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13
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Lipid Polarization during Cytokinesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243977. [PMID: 36552741 PMCID: PMC9776629 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is composed of a large number of lipid species that are laterally segregated into functional domains as well as asymmetrically distributed between the outer and inner leaflets. Additionally, the spatial distribution and organization of these lipids dramatically change in response to various cellular states, such as cell division, differentiation, and apoptosis. Division of one cell into two daughter cells is one of the most fundamental requirements for the sustenance of growth in all living organisms. The successful completion of cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division, is critically dependent on the spatial distribution and organization of specific lipids. In this review, we discuss the properties of various lipid species associated with cytokinesis and the mechanisms involved in their polarization, including forward trafficking, endocytic recycling, local synthesis, and cortical flow models. The differences in lipid species requirements and distribution in mitotic vs. male meiotic cells will be discussed. We will concentrate on sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols because their transbilayer organization and movement may be linked via the cytoskeleton and thus critically regulate various steps of cytokinesis.
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14
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Zoladek J, Afonso PV. [Claudin-derived peptides inhibit Flavivirus infections]. Med Sci (Paris) 2022; 38:1071-1073. [PMID: 36692276 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2022170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jim Zoladek
- Unité Épidémiologie et physiopathologie des virus oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Philippe V Afonso
- Unité Épidémiologie et physiopathologie des virus oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France
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15
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Chang YW, Wang YC, Yan YQ, Wu CD, Xie HF, Gong WR, Du YZ. Insect hormones affect the toxicity of the insecticidal growth regulator cyromazine in Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105263. [PMID: 36464368 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The leafminer Liriomyza trifolii is an important insect pest of ornamental and vegetable crops worldwide. Cyromazine is an effective, commonly-used insecticide that functions as a growth regulator, but its effect on L. trifolii has not been previously reported. In this study, transcriptome analysis was undertaken in L. trifolii exposed to cyromazine. Clusters of orthologous groups analysis indicated that a large number of differentially expressed genes responding to cyromazine were categorized as "lipid transport and metabolism", "post-translational modification, protein turnover, chaperones", and "cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis". Gene ontology analysis indicated that pathways associated with insect hormones, growth and development, and cuticle synthesis were significantly enriched. In general, the transcriptome results showed that the genes related to insect hormones were significantly expressed after treatment with cyromazine. Furthermore, the combined exposure of L. trifolii to cyromazine and the hormone analogues 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) or juvenile hormone (JH) indicated that hormone analogues can change the expression pattern of hormone-related genes (20EP and JHEH) and pupal length. The combined application of cyromazine with 20E improved the survival rate of L. trifolii, whereas the combination of JH and cyromazine reduced survival. The results of this study help elucidate the mechanistic basis for cyromazine toxicity and provide a foundation for understanding cyromazine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Chang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Yan
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Wu
- Pukou Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Nanjing City, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Fang Xie
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Nanjing City, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Rong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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16
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Matsuzaki T, Terutsuki D, Sato S, Ikarashi K, Sato K, Mitsuno H, Okumura R, Yoshimura Y, Usami S, Mori Y, Fujii M, Takemi S, Nakabayashi S, Yoshikawa HY, Kanzaki R. Low Surface Potential with Glycoconjugates Determines Insect Cell Adhesion at Room Temperature. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9494-9500. [PMID: 36201238 PMCID: PMC9575668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell-coupled field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors have attracted considerable attention because of their high sensitivity to biomolecules. The use of insect cells (Sf21) as a core sensor element is advantageous due to their stable adhesion to sensors at room temperature. Although visualization of the insect cell-substrate interface leads to logical amplification of signals, the spatiotemporal processes at the interfaces have not yet been elucidated. We quantitatively monitored the adhesion dynamics of Sf21 using interference reflection microscopy (IRM). Specific adhesion signatures with ring-like patches along the cellular periphery were detected. A combination of zeta potential measurements and lectin staining identified specific glycoconjugates with low electrostatic potentials. The ring-like structures were disrupted after cholesterol depletion, suggesting a raft domain along the cell periphery. Our results indicate dynamic and asymmetric cell adhesion is due to low electrostatic repulsion with fluidic sugar rafts. We envision the logical design of cell-sensor interfaces with an electrical model that accounts for actual adhesion interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Matsuzaki
- Center
for Future Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Division
of Strategic Research and Development, Saitama
University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Daigo Terutsuki
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department
of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Shoma Sato
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kohei Ikarashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka
University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Course
of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering,
Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Research
Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Mitsuno
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- WPI
Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka
University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated
Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open
and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yudai Yoshimura
- Department
of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Usami
- Division
of Electrical, Electronic and Info communications Engineering, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mori
- Division
of Electrical, Electronic and Info communications Engineering, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mai Fujii
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shota Takemi
- Area
of Regulatory Biology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Nakabayashi
- Division
of Strategic Research and Development, Saitama
University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Y. Yoshikawa
- Department
of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kanzaki
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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17
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Gou Q, Luo H, Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Li C, Wang J, Odunmbaku O, Zheng J, Xue J, Sun K, Li M. Construction of Bio-inspired Film with Engineered Hydrophobicity to Boost Interfacial Reaction Kinetics of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201732. [PMID: 35561050 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries typically suffer from sluggish interfacial reaction kinetics and drastic cathode dissolution owing to the desolvation process of hydrated Zn2+ and continual adsorption/desorption behavior of water molecules, respectively. To address these obstacles, a bio-inspired approach, which exploits the moderate metabolic energy of cell systems and the amphiphilic nature of plasma membranes, is employed to construct a bio-inspired hydrophobic conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) film decorating α-MnO2 cathode. Like plasma membranes, the bio-inspired film can "selectively" boost Zn2+ migration with a lower energy barrier and maintain the integrity of the entire cathode. Electrochemical reaction kinetics analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the bio-inspired film can significantly improve the electrical conductivity of the electrode, endow the cathode-electrolyte interface with engineered hydrophobicity, and enhance the desolvation behavior of hydrated Zn2+ . This results in an enhanced ion diffusion rate and minimized cathode dissolution, thereby boosting the overall interfacial reaction kinetics and cathode stability. Owing to these intriguing merits, the composite cathode can demonstrate remarkable cycling stability and rate performance in comparison with the pristine MnO2 cathode. Based on the bio-inspired design philosophy, this work can provide a novel insight for future research on promoting the interfacial reaction kinetics and electrode stability for various battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhi Gou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Chen Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Omololu Odunmbaku
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Junmin Xue
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117573, Singapore
| | - Kuan Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
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18
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Murakami A, Nagao K, Sakaguchi R, Kida K, Hara Y, Mori Y, Okabe K, Harada Y, Umeda M. Cell-autonomous control of intracellular temperature by unsaturation of phospholipid acyl chains. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110487. [PMID: 35294880 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular temperature affects a wide range of cellular functions in living organisms. However, it remains unclear whether temperature in individual animal cells is controlled autonomously as a response to fluctuations in environmental temperature. Using two distinct intracellular thermometers, we find that the intracellular temperature of steady-state Drosophila S2 cells is maintained in a manner dependent on Δ9-fatty acid desaturase DESAT1, which introduces a double bond at the Δ9 position of the acyl moiety of acyl-CoA. The DESAT1-mediated increase of intracellular temperature is caused by the enhancement of F1Fo-ATPase-dependent mitochondrial respiration, which is coupled with thermogenesis. We also reveal that F1Fo-ATPase-dependent mitochondrial respiration is potentiated by cold exposure through the remodeling of mitochondrial cristae structures via DESAT1-dependent unsaturation of mitochondrial phospholipid acyl chains. Based on these findings, we propose a cell-autonomous mechanism for intracellular temperature control during environmental temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Nagao
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Hara
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kohki Okabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshie Harada
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Umeda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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19
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Hama Y, Morishita H, Mizushima N. Regulation of ER-derived membrane dynamics by the DedA domain-containing proteins VMP1 and TMEM41B. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53894. [PMID: 35044051 PMCID: PMC8811646 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a central hub for the biogenesis of various organelles and lipid-containing structures. Recent studies suggest that vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) and transmembrane protein 41B (TMEM41B), multispanning ER membrane proteins, regulate the formation of many of these ER-derived structures, including autophagosomes, lipid droplets, lipoproteins, and double-membrane structures for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication. VMP1 and TMEM41B possess a DedA domain that is widely distributed not only in eukaryotes but also in prokaryotes and predicted to adopt a characteristic structure containing two reentrant loops. Furthermore, recent studies show that both proteins have lipid scrambling activity. Based on these findings, the potential roles of VMP1 and TMEM41B in the dynamic remodeling of ER membranes and the biogenesis of ER-derived structures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Hama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hideaki Morishita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan,Department of PhysiologyGraduate School of MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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20
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Cao A, Liu W, Mei-Zhen Z, Qin SY, Cheng YJ, Zhang AQ. A nanodevice with lifetime-improved singlet oxygen for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6227-6230. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01487d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The short lifetime of singlet oxygn reduces its accumulation in the ehdoplasmic reticulum, which limited the output of photodynamic therapy. A nanodevice with functions of singlet oxygen production, storage and...
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