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Zhang WW, Chen L, Wu YF. Risk factors for secondary infection after liver failure and effect of comprehensive nursing intervention. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:4956-4964. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i22.4956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with liver failure (LF), the high rate of secondary infections, which are associated with poor prognosis, highlights the clinical significance of understanding the underlying risk factors and implementing targeted intervention programs.
AIM To investigate risk factors for secondary infections in patients with LF and evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing interventions.
METHODS This retrospective study included 64 patients with LF, including 32 with and 32 without secondary infections. A questionnaire was used to collect data on age; laboratory parameters, including total and direct bilirubin, prothrombin time, blood ammonia, and other biochemical parameters; invasive procedures; and complications. Patients with secondary infections received comprehensive nursing intervention in addition to routine nursing care, whereas those without secondary infections received only routine nursing care to compare the effect of nursing intervention on outcomes.
RESULTS The infection rate, which was not associated with age or complications, was significantly associated with biochemical parameters and invasive procedures (P < 0.05). The infection rate was 61.6% in patients who had undergone invasive procedures and 32.1% in those who had not undergone invasive procedures during the hospital stay. The infection rate was also significantly associated with the type of LF (P < 0.05), with the lowest rate observed in patients with acute LF and the highest rate observed in those with subacute LF. The nursing satisfaction rate was 58.3% in the uninfected group and 91.7% in the infected group, indicating significantly higher satisfaction in the infected group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION In patients with LF, the rate of secondary infections was high and associated with biochemical parameters and type of LF. Comprehensive nursing intervention can improve patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Fang Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Domínguez A, Avellón A, Hernando V, Soldevila N, Borràs E, Martínez A, Izquierdo C, Torner N, Pericas C, Rius C, Godoy P. Impact of the Universal Implementation of Adolescent Hepatitis B Vaccination in Spain. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:488. [PMID: 38793738 PMCID: PMC11125626 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of the introduction of universal adolescent HBV vaccination on the incidence of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Acute HBV cases reported to the Spanish National Epidemiological Surveillance Network between 2005 and 2021 were included. For regions starting adolescent vaccination in 1991-1993 and in 1994-1996, HBV incidence rates were compared by calculating the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We also analysed the 2017 Spanish national seroprevalence survey data. The overall acute HBV incidence per 100,000 persons was 1.54 in 2005 and 0.64 in 2021 (p < 0.001). The incidence in 2014-2021 was lower for regions that started adolescent vaccination in 1991-1993 rather than in 1994-1996 (IRR 0.76; 95% CI 0.72-0.83; p < 0.001). In the 20-29 age group, incidence in regions that started adolescent vaccination in 1991-1993 was also lower (IRR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98; p = 0.02 in 2005-2013 and IRR 0.71; 95% CI 0.56-0·90; p < 0.001 in 2014-2021). Anti-HBc prevalence in the 35-39 age group was lower in the regions that started vaccination earlier, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Acute HBV incidence decreased more in the young adult population in regions that began adolescent vaccination earlier. Maintaining high universal vaccination coverage in the first year of life and in at-risk groups is necessary to achieve HBV elimination by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Domínguez
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (E.B.); (N.T.); (C.P.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Ana Avellón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
- Hepatitis Unit, National Centre of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Hernando
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (E.B.); (N.T.); (C.P.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Eva Borràs
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (E.B.); (N.T.); (C.P.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ana Martínez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | | | - Núria Torner
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (E.B.); (N.T.); (C.P.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Carles Pericas
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (E.B.); (N.T.); (C.P.)
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l‘Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IRB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rius
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l‘Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IRB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (A.M.); (C.R.); (P.G.)
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida (IRBLleida), 25006 Lleida, Spain
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3
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Feliu-Prius A, Barreira-Díaz A, Rando A, Vargas-Accarino E, Palom A, Vico-Romero J, Ruiz-Cobo JC, Riveiro-Barciela M, Rodriguez-Frias F, Esteban R, Buti M. Assessing the rate of non-linkage to care and identifying barriers in individuals living with hepatitis B. Results of the LINK-B study. Liver Int 2024; 44:706-714. [PMID: 38111084 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis B infection is the most frequent cause of chronic hepatitis and liver cancer worldwide. Active searching for individuals with chronic hepatitis B has been proposed as a strategy to achieve the elimination of this virus. The primary aim of this study was to link to specialists HBsAg-positive individuals detected in a laboratory database and to characterize individuals who were not linked to care. METHODS We performed a retrospective-prospective evaluation of all HBsAg-positive serum samples identified in the central laboratory of the Northern Barcelona area between January 2018 and June 2022. After reviewing the patients' clinical charts, all those not linked to care were given an appointment with a specialist. RESULTS Medical records of 2765 different HBsAg-positive serum samples were reviewed and 2590 individuals were identified: 844 (32.6%) were not linked to a specialist, 653 were candidates for linkage, and 344 attended the specialist visit. The two main reasons why they were not under specialist care were administrative issues, such as living in another region (12.1%) and lacking contact details (4.1%), and low life expectancy (2.8%). Individuals who did not attend their scheduled visit were mainly young [38.1 ± 12.9 vs. 44.0 ± 14.0 (p < .001)], non-White European [75.3% vs. 58.1% (p < .001)] and men [70.7% vs. 56.4% (p < .001)]. CONCLUSIONS One in every three HBsAg-positive individuals in our setting was not currently under specialist care. Of particular note, half of them had never attended a specialist consultation, an essential step for evaluating the disease and starting therapy in some countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Feliu-Prius
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Barreira-Díaz
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ariadna Rando
- Liver Pathology Laboratory, Microbiology and Biochemistry Department, Vall d'Hebron Clinical Laboratories, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Vargas-Accarino
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Palom
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Judit Vico-Romero
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan C Ruiz-Cobo
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Riveiro-Barciela
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez-Frias
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Pathology Laboratory, Microbiology and Biochemistry Department, Vall d'Hebron Clinical Laboratories, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Esteban
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Buti
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Laperche S, Sauvage C, Gallian P, Jbilou S, Pouchol E, Py JY, Chabli L, Richard P, Morel P, Lot F, Tiberghien P. Human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus incidence in blood donors from 2000 to 2020 in France: Trends and lessons from haemovigilance surveillance. Vox Sang 2023; 118:843-853. [PMID: 37694766 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Data from 21 years (2000-2020) of haemovigilance were used to assess human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence rates in repeat blood donors and the occurrence of transfusion-transmitted (TT) viral infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood donors who converted for HIV, HCV or HBV markers within serial three-year analysis periods were included. Epidemiological and virological data were retrieved from the national epidemiological donor database and were supplemented with information on blood components and the infection status of recipients of the previous negative donation (D.N-1) of donors who seroconverted. RESULTS Incidence rates declined from 1.27 to 0.35/100,000 person-years for HIV, from 0.59 to 0.19 for HCV and from 1.66 to 0.18 for HBV. Risk factors and lookback for 232 HIV, 90 HCV and 74 HBV seroconversions were investigated. The main risk factor identified at post-donation interview was having sex with men (47.8% of males) for HIV and a sexual risk for HCV (30.6%) and HBV (37.1%). The viral loads and sequences were retrospectively tested in 191 HIV, 74 HCV and 62 HBV D.N-1 archived samples. Six (five HBV and one HIV-1) were positive all low viral loads. Two recipients were infected by red blood cells from two HBV seroconverting donors before the introduction of HBV-nucleic acid testing. CONCLUSION HIV, HCV and HBV incidence rates in blood donors declined over the two past decades in France. There is a very small risk of a blood component that tests negative entering the blood supply resulting in TT infections, especially after introduction of molecular assays in donor screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syria Laperche
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- National Reference Centre for infectious risks in transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | | | - Pierre Gallian
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Saadia Jbilou
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Elodie Pouchol
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Jean Yves Py
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Lila Chabli
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Pascale Richard
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Pascal Morel
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- UMR RIGHT 1098, Université de Franche-Comté INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Besançon, France
| | | | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- UMR RIGHT 1098, Université de Franche-Comté INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Besançon, France
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5
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Santos-Silva S, da Silva Dias Moraes DF, López-López P, Rivero-Juarez A, Mesquita JR, Nascimento MSJ. Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2023; 15:193-211. [PMID: 37434079 PMCID: PMC10499749 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-023-09560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the most frequent causes of acute viral hepatitis is hepatitis E virus (HEV) causing 20 million infections worldwide each year and 44,000 deaths. Studies on HEV in the Iberian Peninsula have been increasing through time with HEV infection being identified in humans and animals. The aim of the present systematic review was to compile and evaluate all the published data on HEV from studies performed in humans, animals and environmental samples in the Iberian Peninsula. The electronic databases Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched, and research published up until February 01, 2023 were included. Resulting in a total of 151 eligible papers by full reading and application of PRISMA exclusion/inclusion criteria. Overall, the present review shows that several HEV genotypes, namely HEV-1, 3, 4, and 6 as well as Rocahepevirus, are circulating in humans, animals, and in the environment in the Iberian Peninsula. HEV-3 was the most common genotype circulating in humans in Portugal and Spain, as expected for developed countries, with HEV-1 only being detected in travelers and emigrants from HEV endemic regions. Spain is the biggest pork producer in Europe and given the high circulation of HEV in pigs, with HEV-3 being primarily associated to zoonotic transmission through consumption of swine meat and meat products, in our opinion, the introduction of an HEV surveillance system in swine and inclusion of HEV in diagnostic routines for acute and chronic human hepatitis would be important. Additionally, we propose that establishing a monitoring mechanism for HEV is crucial in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of this illness and the various strains present in the Iberian Peninsula, as well as their potential impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Santos-Silva
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro López-López
- Grupo de Virología Clínica y Zoonosis, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - António Rivero-Juarez
- Grupo de Virología Clínica y Zoonosis, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - João R Mesquita
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
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Insights on 21 Years of HBV Surveillance in Blood Donors in France. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112507. [PMID: 36423116 PMCID: PMC9693332 DOI: 10.3390/v14112507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most frequent viral infection found in blood donors (BDs) in France. We analyzed the epidemiological and sero-molecular data on HBV infection gathered over the past two decades by the French haemovigilance surveillance network, blood screening laboratories, and the national reference center for transfusion infectious risks (NRC). Between 2000 and 2020, 6149 of the 58,160,984 donations (1.06/10,000) tested HBV positive, 98% of them from first-time blood donors (FTBDs). In addition, 2212 (0.0071%) of the 30,977,753 donations screened for HBV DNA tested DNA positive, of which 25 (1.1%) were positive only for this marker. HBV prevalence decreased by 2.8-fold and the residual risk for transfusion-transmitted HBV infection decreased 13-fold and was divided by 13. The major risk factor for HBV infection was the origin of donors (endemic country, 66.5%), followed by parenteral exposure (10.7%). In the whole HBV-positive BD population, genotype D was predominant (41.8%), followed by genotypes A (26.2%) and E (20.4%), reflecting the geographical origin of donors. The low and decreasing prevalence and incidence of HBV infection in French BDs, coupled with a screening strategy using three HBV markers (HBsAg, anti-HBc and DNA), ensures a high level of blood safety, further reinforced by the implementation of pathogen-reduction measures.
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7
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Frediansyah A, Sofyantoro F, Alhumaid S, Al Mutair A, Albayat H, Altaweil HI, Al-Afghani HM, AlRamadhan AA, AlGhazal MR, Turkistani SA, Abuzaid AA, Rabaan AA. Microbial Natural Products with Antiviral Activities, Including Anti-SARS-CoV-2: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:4305. [PMID: 35807550 PMCID: PMC9268554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which caused the COVID-19 infection, was discovered two and a half years ago. It caused a global pandemic, resulting in millions of deaths and substantial damage to the worldwide economy. Currently, only a few vaccines and antiviral drugs are available to combat SARS-CoV-2. However, there has been an increase in virus-related research, including exploring new drugs and their repurposing. Since discovering penicillin, natural products, particularly those derived from microbes, have been viewed as an abundant source of lead compounds for drug discovery. These compounds treat bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral infections. This review incorporates evidence from the available research publications on isolated and identified natural products derived from microbes with anti-hepatitis, anti-herpes simplex, anti-HIV, anti-influenza, anti-respiratory syncytial virus, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties. About 131 compounds with in vitro antiviral activity and 1 compound with both in vitro and in vivo activity have been isolated from microorganisms, and the mechanism of action for some of these compounds has been described. Recent reports have shown that natural products produced by the microbes, such as aurasperone A, neochinulin A and B, and aspulvinone D, M, and R, have potent in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, targeting the main protease (Mpro). In the near and distant future, these molecules could be used to develop antiviral drugs for treating infections and preventing the spread of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andri Frediansyah
- PRTPP, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
| | - Fajar Sofyantoro
- Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia;
- College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 33048, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawra Albayat
- Infectious Disease Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 7790, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hayyan I. Altaweil
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Mohammed Al-Mana College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hani M. Al-Afghani
- Laboratory Department, Security Forces Hospital, Makkah 24269, Saudi Arabia;
- Gene Center for Research and Training, Jeddah 2022, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. AlRamadhan
- Laboratory and Toxicology Department, Security Forces Specialized Comprehensive Clinics, Al-Ahsa 36441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariam R. AlGhazal
- Hematopathology Department, Dammam Regional Laboratory, Dammam 1854, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Abdulmonem A. Abuzaid
- Medical Microbiology Department, Security Forces Hospital Programme, Dammam 32314, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
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Chen L, Yu X, Lv C, Dai Y, Wang T, Zheng S, Qin Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Pei H, Fang H, Huang B. Increase in Serum Soluble Tim-3 Level Is Related to the Progression of Diseases After Hepatitis Virus Infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:880909. [PMID: 35646962 PMCID: PMC9133670 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.880909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundViral hepatitis is a widespread and serious infectious disease, and most patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are prone to viral infections. T cell immunoglobulin-and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3 (Tim-3) is an immune checkpoint molecule that negatively regulates T cell responses, playing an extremely important role in controlling infectious diseases. However, reports about the role of serum soluble Tim-3 (sTim-3) in hepatitis virus infection are limited. Therefore, this study explored changes in sTim-3 levels in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV).MethodsThis study applied high-sensitivity time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for the detection of sTim-3 levels. A total of 205 cases of viral hepatitis infection (68 cases of HBV infection, 60 cases of HCV infection, and 77 cases of HEV virus infection) and 88 healthy controls were quantitatively determined. The changes in serum sTim-3 level and its clinical value in hepatitis virus infection were analyzed.ResultsPatients with HBV infection (14.00, 10.78–20.45 ng/mL), HCV infection (15.99, 11.83–27.00 ng/mL), or HEV infection (19.09, 10.85–33.93 ng/mL) had significantly higher sTim-3 levels than that in the healthy control group (7.69, 6.14–10.22 ng/mL, P < 0.0001). Patients with hepatitis and fibrosis infected with HBV (22.76, 12.82–37.53 ng/mL), HCV (33.06, 16.36–39.30 ng/mL), and HEV (28.90, 17.95–35.94 ng/mL) had significantly higher sTim-3 levels than patients with hepatitis without fibrosis (13.29, 7.75–17.28; 13.86, 11.48–18.64; 14.77, 9.79–29.79 ng/mL; P < 0.05).ConclusionsTim-3 level was elevated in patients infected with HBV, HCV, or HEV and gradually increased in patients with either hepatitis or hepatitis with hepatic fibrosis. It has a certain role in the evaluation of the course of a disease after hepatitis virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Lv
- Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yaping Dai
- Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Shaoxiong Zheng
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Pei
- Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
- Hao Pei,
| | - Hongming Fang
- Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Hongming Fang,
| | - Biao Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Biao Huang,
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Ramos-Rincon JM, Pinargote H, Ramos-Belinchón C, de Mendoza C, Aguilera A, Soriano V. Hepatitis delta in patients hospitalized in Spain (1997-2018). AIDS 2021; 35:2311-2318. [PMID: 34261094 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis delta is the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. We examined the clinical burden, epidemiological features and time trends for hepatitis delta patients hospitalized in Spain during the last two decades. METHODS Retrospective, observational study using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved since 1997 to 2018. RESULTS From a total of 79 647 783 nationwide hospital admissions recorded during the study period, 5179 included hepatitis delta as diagnosis. The overall hospitalization rate because of hepatitis delta was 6.5/105, without significant yearly changes. In-hospital death occurred in 335 (6.6%) patients. Acute hepatitis and cirrhosis were recorded in 46.5 and 33.5% of hepatitis delta hospitalizations, respectively. Acute hepatitis delta predominated until 2007 (55.9%) whereas cirrhosis increased since then (39.4%). Hepatic decompensation events and liver cancer accounted on average for 16 and 8% of hospitalizations, increasing significantly over time. Coinfection with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were recognized in 24 and 31.2% of hepatitis delta patients, respectively. All hepatitis C, HIV and injection drug use declined significantly since 2008. CONCLUSION The rate of hepatitis delta in patients hospitalized in Spain is low and has remained stable over two decades. However, hepatitis delta-related decompensation events and liver cancer are on the rise. The association of hepatitis delta with injection drug use, HIV and HCV has declined among recently hospitalized hepatitis delta patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Manuel Ramos-Rincon
- Internal Medicine Department, General University Hospital of Alicante & Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante
| | - Héctor Pinargote
- Internal Medicine Department, General University Hospital of Alicante & Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante
| | | | - Carmen de Mendoza
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Puerta de Hierro Research Institute & University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid
| | - Antonio Aguilera
- Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Santiago (CHUS) & University of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela
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