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Guo S, Xu J, Wang M, Akezhuoli H, Zhou X, Lu J. The effects of parent-child separation on the digital literacy of children and adolescents: A bidirectional perspective study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31113. [PMID: 38778964 PMCID: PMC11108987 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
From a bidirectional perspective, the present cross-sectional study explored the impacts of parent-child separation on the digital literacy of children and adolescents. Drawing upon data from 1894 students (12-18 years, 49.33 % females) in Nanling county, China, we found that parent-child separation can negatively affect the digital literacy of children and adolescents, but effects differ between children experiencing parental migration or parental divorce. Parental mediation can act as a mediator in this process while children's digital feedback to parents may be considered as an auxiliary promoter. To further promote the digital literacy of children and adolescents experiencing parent-child separation, assigned tasks from adults in which children can practice knowledge and skills related to digital devices and the Internet are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Guo
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, PR China
| | - Jiayao Xu
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Menmen Wang
- College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Hailati Akezhuoli
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhou
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 68 Jiefang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, PR China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- The Institute of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
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2
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Huang TF, Hou CY, Chang FC, Chiu CH, Chen PH, Chiang JT, Miao NF, Chuang HY, Chang YJ, Chang H, Chen HC. Adolescent Use of Dating Applications and the Associations with Online Victimization and Psychological Distress. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:903. [PMID: 37998650 PMCID: PMC10669177 DOI: 10.3390/bs13110903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the relationships between the use of online dating applications (apps), online victimization, and psychosocial distress among adolescents. This study was conducted in 2020. A sample of 2595 seventh-grade students from 30 Taiwanese middle schools was surveyed. We conducted a self-administered survey. Overall, 15% of the adolescents reported using online dating apps in the past year, while 78% reported having seen dating app advertisements on the internet in the past year. Multivariate analysis results indicated that adolescents' exposure to the marketing of dating apps and poor academic performance were both associated with the use of online dating apps. Adolescents who used dating apps were more likely to experience online privacy victimization, cyberbullying victimization, and online sexual harassment. The use of dating apps by adolescents, online privacy victimization, cyberbullying victimization, and online sexual harassment were associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. In conclusion, adolescent use of dating apps is related to online victimization and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Fu Huang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan; (T.-F.H.); (C.-Y.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Chun-Yin Hou
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan; (T.-F.H.); (C.-Y.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei 11556, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Ching Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan; (T.-F.H.); (C.-Y.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Chiung-Hui Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan;
| | - Ping-Hung Chen
- The Graduate Institute of Mass Communication, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan;
| | - Jeng-Tung Chiang
- Department of Statistics, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan;
| | - Nae-Fang Miao
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Jung Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan; (T.-F.H.); (C.-Y.H.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Hsi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Hsueh-Chih Chen
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, College of Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan;
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3
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Willems RA, Smith PK, Culbert C, Purdy N, Hamilton J, Völlink T, Scheithauer H, Fiedler N, Brighi A, Menin D, Mameli C, Guarini A. Internet Use and Perceived Parental Involvement among Adolescents from Lower Socioeconomic Groups in Europe: An Exploration. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1780. [PMID: 38002871 PMCID: PMC10670471 DOI: 10.3390/children10111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Internet usage is a salient developmental factor in adolescents' lives. Although relevant correlates of Internet use have been documented earlier, there is a lack of information on lower socioeconomic status groups. This is important, as these adolescents have increased risk of negative online experiences. The current survey aimed to explore Internet use and parental involvement amongst adolescents from areas of socio-economic disadvantage in 30 urban schools across five European countries. A total of 2594 students participated, of whom 90% were 14-16 years. Virtually all adolescents of socioeconomic disadvantage had Internet access, with 88.5% reporting spending more than two hours per day online, often on apps such as Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube. Almost one-third of adolescents did not talk with their parents about their Internet use and almost two-thirds indicated that their parents were only a little or not interested in their Internet use. A consistent finding across countries was that girls more often talked with their parents about their Internet use and more often reported that their parents were interested in their Internet use than boys. The results suggest that parents have an important task in explicitly showing interest in their adolescents' Internet use, with special attention needed for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy A. Willems
- Department of Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands;
| | - Peter K. Smith
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London SE14 6NW, UK; (P.K.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Catherine Culbert
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London SE14 6NW, UK; (P.K.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Noel Purdy
- Centre for Research in Educational Underachievement, Stranmillis University College, Belfast BT9 5DY, UK;
| | - Jayne Hamilton
- School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen’s University, Belfast BT7 1PS, UK;
| | - Trijntje Völlink
- Department of Psychology, Open Universiteit, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands;
| | - Herbert Scheithauer
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (H.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Nora Fiedler
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (H.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Antonella Brighi
- Faculty of Education, Free University of Bolzano, 39042 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Damiano Menin
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Consuelo Mameli
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Guarini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
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4
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Cyberbullying in COVID-19 Pandemic Decreases? Research of Internet Habits of Croatian Adolescents. INFORMATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/info13120586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Online contacts and other activities on the Internet came into focus given the increased use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online environment is a setting for problematic Internet use, including cyberbullying, and research so far shows that inclusion in cyberbullying depends on the amount of screen time. Increases in screen time during the pandemic could affect the growth of the prevalence rates of children’s involvement in cyberbullying. The aim of this paper is to compare the Internet habits, cyberbullying and parental role in children’s online activities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the use of the Internet increased due to online classes and implemented measures to prevent the spread of the infection. The Institute of Public Health of Split-Dalmatia County conducted a quantitative online survey of Internet habits and problematic Internet use in two waves in 2017 and 2020 with adolescents from 12–18 (N2017 = 536; N2020 = 284). Research included adherence to ethical standards of research with children. An online activity questionnaire for children, a questionnaire of parental behaviors and the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire—ECIPQ were used. The results of the research point out that cyberbullying rates in the pandemic decreased. The results show that the cumulative effect of parental monitoring is medium with approximately 5% of explained variance for experiencing and 6% for committing violence. The similar set of predictors is statistically significant in both regressions. Parental actions of monitoring applications, informing children and monitoring search history are identified as protective factors for committing or experiencing cyber violence. These findings are important for understanding the effect of the general digitization of society, which leads to an extensive increase in the use of online content and various digital tools, and the role of the parents, especially as protective potential for cyberbullying among children.
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5
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Parental guardianship and online sexual grooming of teenagers: A honeypot experiment. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Achuthan K, Muthupalani S, Kolil VK, Madathil KC. Theoretical perspectives of parental influence on adolescent cyber behaviour: A bi-national Instagram-based study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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7
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Mikkola M, Ellonen N, Kaakinen M, Savolainen I, Sirola A, Zych I, Paek HJ, Oksanen A. Cyberharassment Victimization on Three Continents: An Integrative Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12138. [PMID: 36231436 PMCID: PMC9566085 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This article introduces and applies an integrative model of cyberharassment victimization. The model combines routine activity theory (RAT), the general theory of crime (GTC), and the personal resources approach to analyze risk factors for victimization while acknowledging the protective role of a sense of mastery. Survey respondents were aged 15 to 25 years (N = 4816) from the U.S., Finland, Spain, and South Korea. Logistic regression models were used to analyze cyberharassment victimization. RAT-related factors were positively associated with cyberharassment victimization. Low self-control was positively associated with cyberharassment victimization in the U.S., Finland, and Spain but not in South Korea. The sense of mastery was negatively associated with cyberharassment victimization in the U.S., Finland, and South Korea but not in Spain. Protective factors against cyberharassment victimization should be utilized in future studies as adequate knowledge of protective factors could assist policymakers in generating preventative measures against cyberharassment. Our study demonstrates the benefits of integrating criminological theories and protective factors in studies using cross-national data to gain a better understanding of the dynamics of cyberharassment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Mikkola
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Noora Ellonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Markus Kaakinen
- Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iina Savolainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anu Sirola
- Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Izabela Zych
- Department of Psychology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Hye-Jin Paek
- Department of Advertising & Public Relations, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Atte Oksanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
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8
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Tao S, Reichert F, Law N, Rao N. Digital Technology Use and Cyberbullying Among Primary School Children: Digital Literacy and Parental Mediation as Moderators. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:571-579. [PMID: 35877811 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying has become a critical issue in many parts of the world. Children affected by bullying in cyberspace may also experience various other problems in their daily lives, such as emotional and behavioral issues. Despite the well-documented positive correlation between digital technology use and cyberbullying experiences in adolescents, a paucity of research has explored the association between digital technology use and cyberbullying, and the extent to which digital literacy (DL) and parental mediation moderate these relationships among primary school-aged children. This study addressed these research gaps. A total of 736 children (third grade, female = 52 percent) in Hong Kong, selected through stratified random sampling, reported on their digital technology use, parental mediation of technology use (i.e., active mediation and restriction), and cyberbullying experiences. A performance-based assessment measured children's DL. Results showed a positive association between children's digital technology use (both for leisure activities and for schoolwork) and cyberbullying experiences (both as perpetrator and victim). These positive associations were more pronounced among children with low levels of DL (only victims) as well as among children with highly restrictive parents (both perpetrators and victims). Implications for digital citizenship education and parental intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Tao
- Centre for Information Technology in Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Frank Reichert
- Academic Unit of Social Contexts and Policies of Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Nancy Law
- Centre for Information Technology in Education, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Academic Unit of Teacher Education and Learning Leadership, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Nirmala Rao
- Academic Unit of Human Communication, Development, and Information Sciences, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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9
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Morelli M, Graziano F, Chirumbolo A, Baiocco R, Longobardi E, Trumello C, Babore A, Cattelino E. Parental Mediation of COVID-19 News and Children's Emotion Regulation during Lockdown. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2022; 31:1522-1534. [PMID: 35194366 PMCID: PMC8853107 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-022-02266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak resulted in a large amount of emotionally charged messaging that is believed to have a tremendous psychological impact, particularly on children and early adolescents. The present study examined the relationships between children's exposure to COVID-19 news, children's emotional responses to the news, parental styles of mediating COVID-19 news, and children's emotional functioning during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy in April 2020. An online survey was completed by 277 parents (Mage = 43.36; SDage = 4.76; mothers = 89.5%) with children aged 6 to 13 years. Regression analyses showed that the parental active mediation style was associated with higher emotion regulation and lower lability/negativity, whereas the restrictive style was associated with higher lability/negativity and the social coviewing style was associated with lower emotion regulation. The results provide evidence for how adults using an active style can mediate messages to reduce children's emotional difficulties during events with high emotional involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Morelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiddia Longobardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Trumello
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Babore
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Cattelino
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, Aosta, Italy
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10
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Sciacca B, Laffan DA, O'Higgins Norman J, Milosevic T. Parental mediation in pandemic: Predictors and relationship with children's digital skills and time spent online in Ireland. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022; 127:107081. [PMID: 34720386 PMCID: PMC8536835 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing reliance on digital technology to carry out social, entertainment, work and school activities increased, which may have affected the ways in which parents mediated their children's digital technology use. Given the prominent role that digital technology will have in the future, it is important to investigate parent and child characteristics which impacted parental mediation of children's digital technology use. Therefore, the present study aimed at analysing the frequency of parental mediation strategies (i.e. active and restrictive) during lockdown, their determinants, and how the two strategies affected children's digital skills and time spent online. Data were collected from 461 parent and 461 child participants. Results showed that almost half of parents (46%) practiced parental mediation with the same frequency, while the 42.6% applied it more often. Active mediation was predicted by parental worries about online risks, while restrictive mediation was predicted by time spent online by children, parental worries about online risks, parental negative attitudes towards digital technology and parents' digital skills. Children developed more digital skills when their parents applied higher levels of both active and restrictive mediation, and they spent the lowest amount of time online when their parents employed higher levels of restrictive and lower levels of active mediation. Practical implications for families and children's wellbeing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Sciacca
- Corresponding author. DCU National Anti-Bullying Centre, Room C109/C112, DCU Institute of Education, St. Patrick's Campus, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, Ireland
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11
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Wang X, Dong W, Qiao J. How is childhood psychological maltreatment related to adolescents’ cyberbullying perpetration? the roles of moral disengagement and empathy. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Strimbu N, O'Connell M. Aggression and Consistency of Self in Cybertrolling Behavior. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2021; 24:536-542. [PMID: 33577384 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
While varying greatly across the population, aggression is a trait that is felt and displayed by most. Online, a form of aggression is cybertrolling, one of many types of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is a harmful online behavior that is difficult to predict and prevent. To address this issue, this study examines offline aggression and online aggression (cybertrolling behavior) and the consistencies or discrepancies between offline and online self-presentation of aggressive individuals. It aimed to determine whether or not general aggression is a good predictor of cybertrolling behavior. An online survey for adults (N = 531) showed a significant relationship between aggression and cybertrolling behavior, suggesting aggressive individuals offline are aggressive individuals online. Regression analysis showed that offline aggression can be a good predictor of cybertrolling behavior. However, the results also showed that there are inconsistencies between offline and online self-presentation for individuals who show higher levels of aggression. This study highlights the important role aggression can play in how one presents the self online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Strimbu
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Camerini AL, Marciano L, Carrara A, Schulz PJ. Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among children and adolescents: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Álvarez-García D, Núñez JC, González-Castro P, Rodríguez C, Cerezo R. The Effect of Parental Control on Cyber-Victimization in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Impulsivity and High-Risk Behaviors. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1159. [PMID: 31178790 PMCID: PMC6538814 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to analyze the relationship between parental control and cyber-victimization in adolescence, considering the possible mediating effect of impulsivity, and high-risk internet behavior. To that end we analyzed the responses of 3360 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 (M = 14.02; SD = 1.40), from Asturias (Spain), to four previously validated questionnaires in order to measure the level of parental control over the use of the internet (restriction and supervision), along with high-risk internet behaviors, impulsivity, and cyber-victimization in the adolescents. The results show that parental control tends to have a protective effect on the likelihood of the children being victims of cyber-aggression, with impulsivity, and high-risk internet behaviors as mediating variables. More specifically, parental restriction and supervision are positively related to each other; both forms of parental control are negatively related with the adolescent’s engaging in high-risk internet behaviors; supervision is negatively related with impulsivity; impulsivity is positively related with high-risk internet behaviors; and both impulsivity and high-risk internet behaviors are positively related to being a victim of cyber-aggression. The practical implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rebeca Cerezo
- Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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15
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Smith PK, Berkkun F. How prevalent is contextual information in research on school bullying? Scand J Psychol 2019; 61:17-21. [PMID: 31006893 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Empirical articles on school bullying need to give contextual details of the study, including on participants (number, age, gender), the country in which data was gathered, and the year in which it was gathered. We argue that these are important aspects of information, and that country and year of data collection cannot be inferred unambiguously unless they are explicitly stated. We report an analysis of contextual information on a sample of 201 articles, from 1976 to 2015, on school bullying. The great majority of studies gave information on number and age of participants, and most on gender balance. Most also gave explicit information on the country in which data was gathered. However only about one quarter of articles gave information on the date (year) in which data was gathered. For those that did, the average gap from data gathering to publication was 4 years, with a range of 1 to 11 years. We argue that the date of data collection is an important historical aspect, as many societal changes, even over a period of a few years, can impact on prevalence and nature of bullying. We recommend that besides participant and country information, year of data collection is routinely given in empirical articles on school bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Smith
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
| | - Fethi Berkkun
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
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16
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Influence of Family Variables on Cyberbullying
Perpetration and Victimization: A Systematic
Literature Review. SOCIAL SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci8030098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of studies conducted on the influence of family variables oncyberbullying perpetration and victimization has increased, especially in terms of relational familyprocesses. The present review investigates the role played by family variables on cyberbullyingperpetration and victimization. A systematic literature review was conducted in five databases(ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, ERIC, and Web of Science) from October 2016 to October 2018.During this brief period of time, the number of publications on family variables and cyberbullying,both perpetration and victimization, has significantly increased. We eventually reviewed 34 studieswhich rigorously met the selection criteria of our research. For the analysis of the results, wedistinguish between two types of variables according to the following possibilities of pedagogicalintervention: Structural (contextual family variables and individual parental processes), anddynamic (relational family processes). Our review found evidence that there is more controversyaround structural variables than around dynamic variables. The most consistent variables are familycommunication and the quality of the family relationship. However, there is a perceived need forclarifying the influence that different structural variables, parental educational styles, and parentalmediation exert on the prevention and consolidation of cyberbullying perpetration andcybervictimization.
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17
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Does Parental Mediation Moderate the Longitudinal Association among Bystanders and Perpetrators and Victims of Cyberbullying? SOCIAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci7110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the moderation of parental mediation in the longitudinal association between being a bystander of cyberbullying and cyberbullying perpetration and cyberbullying victimization. Participants were 1067 7th and 8th graders between 12 and 15 years old (51% female) from six middle schools in predominantly middle-class neighborhoods in the Midwestern United States. Increases in being bystanders of cyberbullying was related positively to restrictive and instructive parental mediation. Restrictive parental mediation was related positively to Time 2 (T2) cyberbullying victimization, while instructive parental mediation was negatively related to T2 cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Restrictive parental mediation was a moderator in the association between bystanders of cyberbullying and T2 cyberbullying victimization. Increases in restrictive parental mediation strengthened the positive relationship between these variables. In addition, instructive mediation moderated the association between bystanders of cyberbullying and T2 cyberbullying victimization such that increases in this form of parental mediation strategy weakened the association between bystanders of cyberbullying and T2 cyberbullying victimization. The current findings indicate a need for parents to be aware of how they can impact adolescents’ involvement in cyberbullying as bullies and victims. In addition, greater attention should be given to developing parental intervention programs that focus on the role of parents in helping to mitigate adolescents’ likelihood of cyberbullying involvement.
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[Adolescent Use of Digital Media and Parental Mediation - A Research Review]. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2018; 67:110-133. [PMID: 29417904 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2018.67.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent Use of Digital Media and Parental Mediation - A Research Review Digital media are wide spread, frequently used, and highly relevant in the lives of children, adolescents and their parents. Because parents aim to reduce or prevent potential risks of media use for their children, many parents apply different strategies of parental mediation of children's media use: restrictive parental mediation, active parental mediation, co-media use, technical monitoring, and participatory learning. These forms of parental mediation have differential impact on children and adolescents. Different types of media (e. g. television, video games, internet, and mobile phones) have common features but also specific characteristics that lead to partially inconsistent research findings that are not only due to age differences of children and adolescents. Concerning an impact model of parental mediation, the current contribution presents overarching and divergent empirical findings, approaches the effectiveness of parental mediation for cyberbullying, and discusses practical implications as well as research gaps in the analysis of parental mediation.
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