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Derwis D, Al-Hazmi HE, Majtacz J, Ciesielski S, Mąkinia J. Enhancing nitrogen removal in the partial denitrification/anammox processes for SO 4- - Rich wastewater treatment: Insights into autotrophic and mixotrophic strategies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120908. [PMID: 38631168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of partial denitrification/anammox (PD/anammox) processes was conducted under autotrophic (N-S cycle) and mixotrophic (N-S-C cycle) conditions over 180 days. Key findings revealed the remarkable capability of SO42--dependent systems to produce NO2- effectively, supporting anaerobic NH4+ oxidation. Additionally, SO42- served as an additional electron acceptor in sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation (SRAO). Increasing influent SO42- concentrations notably improved ammonia utilization rates (AUR) and NH4+ and total nitrogen (TN) utilization efficiencies, peaking at 57% for SBR1 and nearly 100% for SBR2. Stoichiometric analysis showed a 7.5-fold increase in AUR (SRAO and anammox) in SBR1 following SO42- supplementation. However, the analysis for SBR2 indicated a shift towards SRAO and mixotrophic denitrification, with anammox disappearing entirely by the end of the study. Comparative assessments between SBR1 and SBR2 emphasized the impact of organic compounds (CH3COONa) on transformations within the N-S-C cycle. SBR1 performance primarily involved anammox, SRAO and other SO42- utilization pathways, with minimal S-dependent autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) involvement. In contrast, SBR2 performance encompassed SRAO, mixotrophic denitrification, and other pathways for SO42- production. The SRAO process involved two dominant genera, such as Candidatus Brocadia and PHOS-HE36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Derwis
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Hussein E Al-Hazmi
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Joanna Majtacz
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Ciesielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland.
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
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2
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Shen Y, Zeng Z, Yue X, Li H, Bonnet H, Zhou L, Zhuang WQ. The impact of perfluorooctanoic acid shock on hydrogen-driven nitrate and arsenate removal. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122261. [PMID: 37499971 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a type of toxic per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) commonly found in groundwater due to its use in firefighting and industrial applications. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of PFOA shock on the biological performance of a hydrogen-driven bioreactor for nitrate and arsenate removal. Four hydrogen-driven removal reactors (HdBRs) used for the simultaneous removal of nitrate and arsenal were operated with concentrations of either 0, 1, 5, and 10 mg/L of PFOA to induce shock on the systems and examine the corresponding bacterial response. Our results showed that PFOA shock inhibited and decreased the maximum hydrogen-driven arsenate removal rate. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirmed that this performance decrease occurred due to a bacterial strike triggered by PFOA shock. PFOA toxicity also led to protein secretion and sludge density decreases. Bacterial analyses showed shifts in the community population due to PFOA shock. The dominant bacteria phylum Proteobacteria became more abundant, from 41.24% originally to 48.29% after exposure to 10 mg/L of PFOA. Other phyla, such as Euryarchaeota and Bacteroidetes, were more tolerant to PFOA shock. Although some of the predominant species within the sludge of each HdBR exhibited a decline, other species with similar functions persisted and assumed the functional responsibilities previously held by the dominant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichang Shen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhihang Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xi Yue
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Haixiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Hukerenui Bonnet
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lijie Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Wei-Qin Zhuang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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3
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Chen Z, Pang C, Wen Q. Coupled pyrite and sulfur autotrophic denitrification for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from secondary effluent: feasibility, performance and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120422. [PMID: 37523921 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The discharge standards of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have become increasingly strict to reduce water eutrophication. Further reducing N and P in effluent from municipal WWTPs need to be achieved effectively and eco-friendly. In this study, a carbon independent pyrite and sulfur autotrophic denitrification (PSAD) system using pyrite and sulfur as electron donor was developed and compared with pyrite autotrophic denitrification (PAD) and sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) systems through batch and continuous flow biofilter experiments. Compare to PAD and SAD, PSAD was more effective in simultaneous removal in N and P. At hydraulic retention time (HRT) 3 h, average effluent concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphate (TP) of 1.40 ± 0.03 and 0.19 ± 0.02 mg/L were achieved when treating real secondary effluent with 20.65 ± 0.24 mg/L TN and 1.00 ± 0.24 mg/L TP. The improvement in simultaneous removal of N and P was attributed to the coupling of PAD and SAD in enhancing the transformation of sulfur and iron and enlarging the reaction zone in the pyrite and sulfur autotrophic denitrification biofilter (PSADB) system. Therefore, more biomass was accumulated and the microbial denitrification functional stability, including electrons transfer and consumption was enhanced on the surface of pyrite and sulfur particles in the PSADB system. Moreover, autotrophic denitrifiers (Thiobacillus and Ferritrophicum), sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfocapsa) and iron reducing bacteria (Geothrix), acting as contributors to microbial nitrogen, sulfur and iron cycle, were specially enriched. In addition, the leaching of iron ions was promoted, which facilitated the removal of phosphate in the form of Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O and Fe3PO4. PSADB has proven to be an efficient technology for simultaneous removal of N and P, which could meet increasingly stringent discharge standards effectively and eco-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Chao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Liu Y, Song X, Wang Y, Hou X, Cao X, Wang Y. Manganese-mediated ammonium removal by a bacterial consortium from wastewater: Experimental proof and biochemical mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129353. [PMID: 37336457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Manganese-redox-mediated nitrogen transformation is promising for ammonium wastewater treatment. However, due to the limited contact between insoluble Mn and the microbe, extracellular electron transfer (EET) inefficiencies become a technical bottleneck in the technical practical application. To overcome this obstacle, humic acid (HA) was introduced to synthesize manganese-humic acid complex (Mn-HA) to increase Mn solubility. The TIN (Total Inorganic Nitrogen) removal rate constant k was 3.18, 1.08, 3.56, 1.13 and 1.05 times higher than CK (Control group) at 10, 15, 20, 40 and 60 mg/L influent nitrate in the MH group, respectively. Mn-HA was inferred to stimulated the nitrogen removal by providing more reaction active sites, bridging Mn-O bonds to transfer electrons and playing a redox role in the respiratory chain. A Mnammox-NDMO (manganese oxide reduction-coupled ammonium oxidation - nitrate/nitrite- dependent manganese oxidation) bacteria consortium was enriched in MH group, containing Mnammox bacteria Geothrix, Geobacter and NDMO bacteria Pseudomonas and Bacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xinshan Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xin Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Shanghai 201620, China
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Jiao Y, An L, Wang W, Ma J, Wu C, Wu X. Microbial communities and their roles in the Cenozoic sulfurous oil reservoirs in the Southwestern Qaidam Basin, Western China. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7988. [PMID: 37198206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest discovery of sulfurous natural gas marked a breakthrough in the Cenozoic natural gas exploration in the southwestern margin of Qaidam Basin. The 16S rRNA analyses were performed on the crude oil samples from H2S-rich reservoirs in the Yuejin, Shizigou and Huatugou profiles, to understand the sulfurous gas origin, which was also integrated with carbon and hydrogen isotopes of alkane and sulfur isotopes of H2S collected from the Yingxiongling Area. Results show that the microorganisms in samples can survive in the hypersaline reservoirs, and can be classified into multiple phyla, including Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Haloanaerobiaeota. Methanogens are abundant in all of the three profiles, while sulfate-reducing bacteria are abundant in Yuejin and Huatugou profiles, contributing to the methane and H2S components in the natural gas. The carbon, hydrogen and sulfur isotopes of sulfurous natural gas in the Yingxiongling Area show that the natural gas is a mixture of coal-type gas and oil-type gas, which was primarily derived from thermal degradation, and natural gas from the Yuejin and Huatugou profiles also originated from biodegradation. The isotopic analysis agrees well with the 16S rRNA results, i.e., H2S-rich natural gas from the Cenozoic reservoirs in the southwest margin of the Qaidam Basin was primarily of thermal genesis, with microbial genesis of secondary importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiao
- The Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Liyun An
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The No. 1 Oil Extraction Plant, Qinghai Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Haixi, 817000, Qinghai, China
| | - Jian Ma
- The Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chaodong Wu
- The Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Li J, Yao C, Song B, Zhang Z, Brock AL, Trapp S, Zhang J. Enrichment of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria using S-doped NiFe 2O 4 nanosheets as the anode in microbial fuel cell enhances power production and sulfur recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:156973. [PMID: 35772559 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have great promise for power generation by oxidizing organic wastewater, yet the challenge to realize high efficiency in simultaneous energy production and resource recovery remains. In this study, we designed a novel MFC anode by synthesizing S-doped NiFe2O4 nanosheet arrays on carbon cloth (S10-NiFe2O4@CC) to build a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically porous structure, with the aim to regulate the microbial community of sulfur-cycling microbes in order to enhance power production and elemental sulfur (S0) recovery. The S10-NiFe2O4@CC anode obtained a faster start-up time of 2 d and the highest power density of 4.5 W/m2 in acetate-fed and mixed bacteria-based MFCs. More importantly, sulfide removal efficiency (98.3 %) (initial concentration of 50 mg/L S2-) could be achieved within 3 d and sulfur (S8) could be produced. Microbial community analysis revealed that the S10-NiFe2O4@CC anode markedly enriched sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and promoted enrichment of SOB and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the bulk solution as well, leading to the enhancement of power generation and S0 recovery. This study shows how carefully designing and optimizing the composition and structure of the anode can lead to the enrichment of a multifunctional microbiota with excellent potential for sulfide removal and resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chongchao Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Andreas Libonati Brock
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stefan Trapp
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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7
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Xu B, Yang X, Li Y, Yang K, Xiong Y, Yuan N. Pyrite-Based Autotrophic Denitrifying Microorganisms Derived from Paddy Soils: Effects of Organic Co-Substrate Addition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11763. [PMID: 36142037 PMCID: PMC9517464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of organic co-substrate in groundwater and soils is inevitable, and much remains to be learned about the roles of organic co-substrates during pyrite-based denitrification. Herein, an organic co-substrate (acetate) was added to a pyrite-based denitrification system, and the impact of the organic co-substrate on the performance and bacterial community of pyrite-based denitrification processes was evaluated. The addition of organic co-substrate at concentrations higher than 48 mg L-1 inhibited pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification, as no sulfate was produced in treatments with high organic co-substrate addition. In contrast, both competition and promotion effects on pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification occurred with organic co-substrate addition at concentrations of 24 and 48 mg L-1. The subsequent validation experiments suggested that competition had a greater influence than promotion when organic co-substrate was added, even at a low concentration. Thiobacillus, a common chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing denitrifier, dominated the system with a relative abundance of 13.04% when pyrite served as the sole electron donor. With the addition of organic co-substrate, Pseudomonas became the dominant genus, with 60.82%, 61.34%, 70.37%, 73.44%, and 35.46% abundance at organic matter concentrations of 24, 48, 120, 240, and 480 mg L-1, respectively. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for the cultivation of pyrite-based autotrophic denitrifying microorganisms for nitrate removal in soils and groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Xu
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of River Regulation and Flood Control of Ministry of Water Resources, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Chongqing Water Resources Bureau, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Yalong Li
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Kejun Yang
- School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
- Agricultural and Rural Department of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yujiang Xiong
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Niannian Yuan
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
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8
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Hu L, Cheng X, Qi G, Zheng M, Dang Y, Li J, Xu K. Achieving Ammonium Removal Through Anammox-Derived Feammox With Low Demand of Fe(III). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:918634. [PMID: 35832814 PMCID: PMC9271925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.918634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feammox-based nitrogen removal technology can reduce energy consumption by aeration and emission of carbon dioxide. However, the huge theoretical demand for Fe(III) becomes a challenge for the further development of Feammox. This study investigated an anammox-derived Feammox process with an intermittent dosage of Fe2O3 and proposed a novel approach to reduce the Fe(III) consumption. The results showed that anammox genera Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia in the seed anammox sludge significantly decreased after cultivation. The formation of N2 was the dominating pathway in Feammox while that of nitrite and nitrate could be neglected. Batch tests showed that specific Feammox activity of ammonium oxidation was 1.14–9.98 mg N/(g VSS·d). The maximum removal efficiency of ammonium reached 52.3% in the bioreactor with a low dosage of Fe(III) which was only 5.8% of the theoretical demand in Feammox. The removal of ammonium was mainly achieved through Feammox, while partial nitrification/anammox also played a role due to the non-power and unintentional oxygen leakage. The super-low oxygen also responded to the low demand of Fe(III) in the bioreactor because it could trigger the cycle of Fe(III)/Fe(II) by coupling Feammox and chemical oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III). Therefore, anammox-derived Feammox can achieve the removal of ammonium with low Fe(III) demand at super-low oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Hu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxia Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyun Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kangning Xu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Kangning Xu
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9
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Kalaycı Kara A, Fakıoğlu Ö, Kotan R, Atamanalp M, Alak G. The investigation of bioremediation potential of Bacillus subtilis and B. thuringiensis isolates under controlled conditions in freshwater. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2075-2085. [PMID: 33595691 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioremediation is widely used to remove water pollution as environmentally friendly smart solutions. In this study, Bacillus isolates were investigated in terms of the effectiveness of single and multiple cultures in eliminating aquatic pollution related to aquaculture activities. In the established experimental setups, the environments where Bacillus isolates were inoculated with single and multiple cultures at 1 × 107 CFU/mL were evaluated comparatively with control groups without these isolates, and total aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts were performed in the petri dish by inoculation method. At the end of the 6 days of the experiment, in the environment in which single and multiple cultures of Bacillus isolates were presented with 17-20 ± 0.05 °C temperature and 5.1-8.1 pH 2-4.6 mg/l dissolved oxygen values (O2), 2% increase in total phosphorus (TP) value was observed. On the other hand, 4% removal of Ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), 80% removal of Nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), and 100% removal of Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) were observed. In the changes in heavy metal concentrations, the removal of Ni, Cr, Se, Al, Cd, Mn, Fe, and B was observed from highest to lowest as 57%, 50%, 50%, 43%, 40%, 23%, 5%, and 2%, respectively. It also has been seen that B. thuringiensis isolate was observed to be more effective than B. subtilis in metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Kalaycı Kara
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, 53040, Rize, Turkey
| | - Özden Fakıoğlu
- Department of Freshwater Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Recep Kotan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
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10
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Han F, Zhang M, Shang H, Liu Z, Zhou W. Microbial community succession, species interactions and metabolic pathways of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification system in organic-limited nitrate wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123826. [PMID: 32682266 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur (S0) introduction could achieve the co-existence of heterotrophic denitrification (HDN) and autotrophic denitrification (ADN) in practical organic-limited nitrate wastewater treatment. Until now, changes in key functional species, metabolic pathways and microbial products in the succession process of microbialcommunities based on different of pollutant concentration and trophic conditions are still unclear. In present study, high-efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) removal achieved in S0-based ADN bioreactor at influent nitrate of 30-240 mg/L. Content of proteins and polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) declined with nitrate loads increased. The key functional heterotrophic denitrifiers (Hyphomicrobium, Trichococcus, Rivibacter) and autotrophic biotope (Thiobacillus, Thiomonas, Ferritrophicum, Flavobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Cloacibacterium and Pseudoxanthomonas) jointly contributed to high nitrogen removal efficiency at different nitrate loads. Furthermore, network analysis verified that symbiotic relationships accounted for the major proportion (88.3%) of the microbial network. The enhanced of nitrogen and sulfur metabolism improved nitrogen removal and S0-based autotrophic denitrification capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Hongguo Shang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
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11
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Fu C, Li J, Lv X, Song W, Zhang X. Operation performance and microbial community of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification sludge with different sulfur sources. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:1009-1020. [PMID: 31897870 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Operation performance and bacterial community structure of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) based on different sulfur sources served as electron donor was first parallelly compared among three sequencing batch reactors. Sulfur and sodium thiosulfate systems achieved similar operation performance and were superior to that of sodium sulfide. When the influent NO3--N concentration ranged from 50 to 150 mg/L, the effluent NO3--N concentrations of the sulfur and sodium thiosulfate systems were 0-5.99 mg/L and 0-4.52 mg/L, respectively, without NO2--N accumulation. However, when the effluent concentration of NO3--N in the sodium sulfide system was 0-10.38 mg/L, that of NO2--N in the effluent was 0-39.85 mg/L. In addition, participation of sulfur sources presented obvious pressure on the bacterial community structure based on the high-throughput sequencing. Microbial diversity results indicated that sludge with elemental sulfur as electron donor had the richest microbial diversity, followed by sodium thiosulfate and sodium sulfide. Moreover, sludge with elemental sulfur and sodium thiosulfate as electron donor demonstrated more similar community structure compared with the sludge that denitrified with sodium sulfide according to the microbial similarity analysis. The 9.34%, 24.3% and 29.6% of sequences could be assigned to potential SAD organisms from sludge denitrifying with elemental sulfur, sodium thiosulfate and sodium sulfide, respectively. Furthermore, all sludge denitrifying with different sulfur sources showed an enrichment of separate core functional microorganisms. This study could provide an insight into improving the understanding of SAD in engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Fu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ji Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), E202, HIT Campus Shenzhen University Town Xili, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaomei Lv
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), E202, HIT Campus Shenzhen University Town Xili, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), E202, HIT Campus Shenzhen University Town Xili, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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12
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Qiu YY, Zhang L, Mu X, Li G, Guan X, Hong J, Jiang F. Overlooked pathways of denitrification in a sulfur-based denitrification system with organic supplementation. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 169:115084. [PMID: 31669906 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SADN) is a cost-effective approach for treating secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Additional organics are generally supplemented to promote total nitrogen (TN) removal, reduce nitrite accumulation and sulfate production, and balance the pH decrease induced by SADN. However, understanding of the impacts of organic supplementation on microbial communities, nitrogen metabolism, denitrifier activity, and SADN rates in sulfur-based denitrification reactors is still limited. Here, a sulfur-based denitrification reactor was continuously operated for 272 days during which six different C/N ratios were tested successively (2.7, 1.5, 0.7, 0.5, 0.25, and 0). Organic supplementation improved TN removal and decreased NO2- accumulation, but reduced the relative abundance of denitrifiers and the contribution of autotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (aNRB) to TN removal during the long-term operation of reactor. Predictive functional profiling showed that nitrogen metabolism potential increased with decreasing C/N ratios. SADN was the predominant removal process when the C/N ratio was ≤0.7 (achieving 60% contribution when C/N = 0.7). Although organic supplementation weakened the dominant role of aNRB in denitrification, batch tests for the first time demonstrated that it could accelerate the SADN rate, attributed to the improvement of sulfur bioavailability, likely via the formation of polysulfide. A possible nitrogen removal pathway with multiple electron donors (i.e., sulfur, organics, sulfide, and polysulfide) in a sulfur-based denitrification reactor with organic supplementation was therefore proposed. However, supplementation with a high level of organics could increase the operational cost and effluent concentrations of sulfide and organics as well as enrich heterotrophic denitrifiers. Moreover, microbial community had substantial changes at C/N ratios of >0.5. Accordingly, an optimal C/N ratio of 0.25-0.5 was suggested, which could simultaneously minimize the additional operating cost associated with organic supplementation and maximize TN removal and SADN rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ying Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xintong Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibiao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangqing Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Pelikan C, Jaussi M, Wasmund K, Seidenkrantz MS, Pearce C, Kuzyk ZZA, Herbold CW, Røy H, Kjeldsen KU, Loy A. Glacial Runoff Promotes Deep Burial of Sulfur Cycling-Associated Microorganisms in Marine Sediments. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2558. [PMID: 31787951 PMCID: PMC6853847 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine fjords with active glacier outlets are hot spots for organic matter burial in the sediments and subsequent microbial mineralization. Here, we investigated controls on microbial community assembly in sub-arctic glacier-influenced (GI) and non-glacier-influenced (NGI) marine sediments in the Godthåbsfjord region, south-western Greenland. We used a correlative approach integrating 16S rRNA gene and dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrB) amplicon sequence data over six meters of depth with biogeochemistry, sulfur-cycling activities, and sediment ages. GI sediments were characterized by comparably high sedimentation rates and had "young" sediment ages of <500 years even at 6 m sediment depth. In contrast, NGI stations reached ages of approximately 10,000 years at these depths. Sediment age-depth relationships, sulfate reduction rates (SRR), and C/N ratios were strongly correlated with differences in microbial community composition between GI and NGI sediments, indicating that age and diagenetic state were key drivers of microbial community assembly in subsurface sediments. Similar bacterial and archaeal communities were present in the surface sediments of all stations, whereas only in GI sediments were many surface taxa also abundant through the whole sediment core. The relative abundance of these taxa, including diverse Desulfobacteraceae members, correlated positively with SRRs, indicating their active contributions to sulfur-cycling processes. In contrast, other surface community members, such as Desulfatiglans, Atribacteria, and Chloroflexi, survived the slow sediment burial at NGI stations and dominated in the deepest sediment layers. These taxa are typical for the energy-limited marine deep biosphere and their relative abundances correlated positively with sediment age. In conclusion, our data suggests that high rates of sediment accumulation caused by glacier runoff and associated changes in biogeochemistry, promote persistence of sulfur-cycling activity and burial of a larger fraction of the surface microbial community into the deep subsurface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Pelikan
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Jaussi
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Section for Microbiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Wasmund
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz
- Palaeoceanography and Palaeoclimate Group, Arctic Research Centre, and iClimate Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christof Pearce
- Palaeoceanography and Palaeoclimate Group, Arctic Research Centre, and iClimate Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Zou Zou Anna Kuzyk
- Department of Geological Sciences, Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Craig W. Herbold
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans Røy
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Section for Microbiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Urup Kjeldsen
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Section for Microbiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alexander Loy
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
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Qian J, Zhang M, Jing R, Bai L, Zhou B, Zhao M, Pei X, Wei L, Chen GH. Thiosulfate as the electron acceptor in Sulfur Bioconversion-Associated Process (SBAP) for sewage treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114850. [PMID: 31326695 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The sulfur bioconversion-associated processes (SBAP) for sewage treatment have been extensively reported so far. In this study, biological thiosulfate reduction (BTR)-driven biotechnology for high rate sulfidogenesis and organic removal was explored to further close the gap of our knowledge on the sulfur cycle-based sewage treatment bioprocess. With thiosulfate as the electron acceptor, the sulfidogenic rate in the UASB rector is 105.6 mg S/L/h with the sludge yield of only 0.044 g MLVSS/g CODsubstrate. Thus providing sufficient electron donors or chemical sources (i.e. HS-) for the downstream autotrophic denitrification or for the cost-effective heavy metal precipitation. Thiosulfate disproportionation was not observed in BTR reactor. High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis reveals that Desulfobulbus and Desulfomicrobium are the predominant thiosulfate-reducing genera and the thiosulfate disproportionation-bacteria were at much lower genus level. The specific thiosulfate-reducer i.e. Dethiosulfatibacter which could utilize thiosulfate but not sulfate as the electron acceptor was also identified. Batch testing results indicate that the sulfidogenic activity on thiosulfate was 1.5 times that on sulfate. The optimal pH for BTR activity was between 7.0 and 8.0, a typical pH range of the municipal sewage. Thiosulfate can be efficiently recovered in the sulfide-driven denitritation reactor enriched with abundant sulfide-oxidizing genera (mainly including Thiobacillus and Sulfurimonas). Finally, a conceptual model of the sulfur cycle based on the biotransformation between thiosulfate and sulfide was established, offering new insights into the sustainable SBAP with sludge minimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China.
| | - Mingkuan Zhang
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Ran Jing
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, 0147L Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Linqin Bai
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Cui YX, Guo G, Ekama GA, Deng YF, Chui HK, Chen GH, Wu D. Elucidating the biofilm properties and biokinetics of a sulfur-oxidizing moving-bed biofilm for mainstream nitrogen removal. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 162:246-257. [PMID: 31279316 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification (SOAD) process offers a feasible alternative to mainstream heterotrophic denitrification in treating domestic sewage with insufficient organics. Previously SOAD has been successfully applied in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). However, the biofilm properties and biokinetics are still not thoroughly understood. The present study was therefore designed to investigate these features of sulfur-oxidizing biofilms (SOBfs) cultivated in a lab-scale MBBR under stable operation for over a year. The biofilms developed were 160 μm thick, had an uneven and porous surface on which elemental sulfur (S0) accumulated, and the SOB biomass was highly diverse. The bioprocess kinetics were evaluated through 12 batch experiments. The results were interpreted by adopting a two-step sulfide oxidation model (sulfide→S0 and S0→ sulfate) with all specific rates having a linear regression coefficient of R2 > 0.9. Moreover, the inhibitory kinetic analysis revealed that 1) the maximum treatment capacity (about 480 mg S/(m2·h) and 80 mg N/(m2·h)) was observed at low sulfide level (40 mg S/L), while higher sulfide level (60-150 mg S/L) showed increasing inhibition on the oxidation of both sulfide and sulfur and denitrification. 2) The denitritation activity decreased by up to 43% when free nitrous acid reached a maximum of 8.6 μg N/L, whereas the oxidation of sulfide and sulfur did not have any significant effect. Interestingly, two physiologically diverse SOB groups were found in this special biofilm. The mechanisms of the cooperation and competition for electron donors and acceptors between these two SOB clades are proposed. The results of this study greatly enhance our understanding of the design and optimization of SOAD-MBBR for mainstream nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xiang Cui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Fok Ying Tung Graduate School and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - George A Ekama
- Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yang-Fan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho-Kwong Chui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Fok Ying Tung Graduate School and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Fok Ying Tung Graduate School and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Yang S, Guo B, Shao Y, Mohammed A, Vincent S, Ashbolt NJ, Liu Y. The value of floc and biofilm bacteria for anammox stability when treating ammonia-rich digester sludge thickening lagoon supernatant. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:472-481. [PMID: 31181494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-rich lagoon supernatant was treated using anammox process in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) laboratory reactor. Effective anammox activities were demonstrated over 259 days of operation. The ammonium removal efficiency reached 94% in Phase I with influent concentrations of NH4+, NO2- and chemical oxygen demand (COD) at 250 mg-N/L, 325 mg-N/L, and 145 mg-COD/L, and reached 88% in Phase II at 420 mg-N/L, 525 mg-N/L, and 305 mg-COD/L. When supplemented with nitritation effluent for nitrite sources in Phase III, the influent COD concentration increased to 583 mg-COD/L without loss of ammonia removal efficiency (87%). The specific anammox activity was higher in biofilm than in the suspended flocs (P < 0.05), increased from Phase I to II (P < 0.05), and decreased in Phase III. Ammonia removal related genes were quantified using qPCR. Results showed higher anammox gene (AMX nirS) prevalence in biofilm, while denitrification genes (nosZ and narG) were higher in flocs (P < 0.05). Microbial community analysis showed that the seeded anammox bacteria Candidatus Brocadia was maintained at 19% in the biofilm and only 0.3% in the flocs. The major taxa in the flocs were related to denitrifiers. The floc community was affected largely under high COD conditions, but the biofilm community was not. These results suggest that the anammox activity in biofilm is resilient to high COD loadings, due to the existence of flocs with denitrification activity. The segregation of bacterial communities between biofilm and flocs in the anammox IFAS system resulted in high ammonia removal efficiency and resistance to high organic loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Bing Guo
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yanxi Shao
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | | | - Simon Vincent
- Veolia Water Technologies Canada Inc., Montreal, Quebec, H4S 2B3, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Ashbolt
- University of Alberta, School of Public Health, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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17
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Saia FT, de Souza TSO, Pozzi E, Duarte RTD, Foresti E. Sulfide-driven denitrification: detecting active microorganisms in fed-batch enrichment cultures by DNA stable isotope probing. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5309-5321. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Zhang L, Song Y, Zuo Y, Huo S, Liang C, Hu C. Integrated sulfur- and iron-based autotrophic denitrification process and microbial profiling in an anoxic fluidized-bed membrane bioreactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:375-382. [PMID: 30641379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The integrated sulfur- and Fe0-based autotrophic denitrification process in an anoxic fluidized-bed membrane bioreactor (AnFB-MBR) was developed for the nitrate-contaminated water treatment in order to control sulfate generation and avoid alkalinity supplement. The nitrate removal rate of the AnFB-MBR reached 1.22 g NO3--N L-1d-1 with NO3--N ranging 40-200 mg L-1 at hydraulic retention times of 1.0-5.0 h. The denitrification in the integrated system was simultaneously carried out by sulfur- and Fe0-oxidizing autotrophic denitrifiers. The effluent sulfate generation was decreased by 29.3-70.3% and 31.2-50.9% due to the functional role of Fe0-based denitrification in the integrated system. Alkalinity produced by Fe0-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification could compensate for the alkalinity consumption by sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification. The sulfur- and Fe0-oxidizing autotrophic denitrifying bacterial consortium was composed mainly of bacteria from Thiobacillus, Sulfurimonas, and Geothrix genera. The integrated modes leads to a harmonious co-existence of sulfur- and Fe0-oxidizing denitrifying microbes, which may make a difference to the functional performance of the bioreactor. Overall, the integrated sulfur- and Fe0-based autotrophic denitrification could overcome the shortcomings of excess sulfate generation and external alkalinity supplementation compared to the sole sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification, indicating further potential for the technology in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Water Environmental Research Institute, Beijing Enterprise Water Group Limited, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yunda Song
- Water Environmental Research Institute, Beijing Enterprise Water Group Limited, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shan Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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19
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Fernandez-Gonzalez N, Sierra-Alvarez R, Field JA, Amils R, Sanz JL. Adaptation of granular sludge microbial communities to nitrate, sulfide, and/or p-cresol removal. Int Microbiol 2018; 22:305-316. [PMID: 30810994 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-018-00050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Effluents from petroleum refineries contain a toxic mixture of sulfide, nitrogen, and phenolic compounds that require adequate treatment for their removal. Biological denitrification processes are a cost-effective option for the treatment of these effluents, but the knowledge on the microbial interactions in simultaneous sulfide and phenol oxidation in denitrifying reactors is still very limited. In this work, microbial community structure and macrostructure of granular biomass were studied in three denitrifying reactors treating a mixture of inorganic (sulfide) and organic (p-cresol) electron donors for their simultaneous removal. The differences in the available substrates resulted in different community assemblies that supported high removal efficiencies, indicating the community adaptation capacity to the fluctuating compositions of industrial effluents. The three reactors were dominated by nitrate reducing and denitrifying bacteria where Thiobacillus spp. were the prevalent denitrifying organisms. The toxicity and lack of adequate substrates caused the endogenous decay of the biomass, leading to release of organic matter that maintained a diverse although not very abundant group of heterotrophs. The endogenous digestion of the granules caused the degradation of its macrostructure, which should be considered to further develop the denitrification process in sulfur-based granular reactors for treatment of industrial wastewater with toxic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Fernandez-Gonzalez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa de Lope Gómez de Marzoa, s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Reyes Sierra-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, PO Box 210011, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - James A Field
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, PO Box 210011, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Ricardo Amils
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Sanz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Zhu J, Chen L, Zhang Y, Zhu X. Revealing the anaerobic acclimation of microbial community in a membrane bioreactor for coking wastewater treatment by Illumina Miseq sequencing. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 64:139-148. [PMID: 29478633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic change of microbial community during sludge acclimation from aerobic to anaerobic in a MBR for coking wastewater treatment was revealed by Illumina Miseq sequencing in this study. The diversity of both Bacteria and Archaea showed an increase-decrease trajectory during acclimation, and exhibited the highest at the domestication interim. Ignavibacteria changed from a tiny minority (less than 1%) to the dominant bacterial group (54.0%) along with acclimation. The relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria kept relatively steady, as in this class some species increased coupled with some other species decreased during acclimation. The dominant Archaea shifted from Halobacteria in initial aerobic sludge to Methanobacteria in the acclimated anaerobic sludge. The dominant bacterial and archaeal groups in different acclimation stages were indigenous microorganisms in the initial sludge, though some of them were very rare. This study supported that the species in "rare biosphere" might eventually become dominant in response to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Zhu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Lujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Technology and Ecology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314050, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiaobiao Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Survey of sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community in the Pearl River water using soxB, sqr, and dsrA as molecular biomarkers. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:73. [PMID: 29354384 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-1077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we surveyed the abundance and diversity of three sulfur oxidation genes (sqr, soxB, and dsrA) using quantitative assays and Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The quantitative assays revealed that soxB is more abundant than sqr and dsrA and is the main contributor to sulfur oxidation. In the diversity analysis, the SOB community mainly comprised the classes Nitrospira, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. The genera Gallionella, Hydrogenophaga, Limnohabitans, Methylomonas, Nitrospira, Rhodoferax, and Sulfuritalea were abundant in the communities for sqr; Dechloromonas, Limnohabitans, Paracoccus, Sulfuritalea, Sulfitobacter, and Thiobacillus were abundant in communities for soxB; Sulfuritalea, Sulfurisoma, and Thiobacillus were abundant in communities for dsrA. This study presented a high diversity of SOB species and functional sulfur-oxidizing genes in Pearl River via high-throughput sequencing, suggesting that the aquatic ecosystem has great potential to scavenge the sulfur pollutants by itself.
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22
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Qian J, Wei L, Wu Y, Wang Q, Fu X, Zhang X, Chang X, Wang L, Pei X. A comparative study on denitrifying sludge granulation with different electron donors: Sulfide, thiosulfate and organics. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:322-330. [PMID: 28797950 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study on denitrifying sludge granulation with different electron donors (sulfide, thiosulfate and organics) was carried out. Longer time was spent on sulfide-denitrifying granular sludge (DGS) cultivation (88 days) than thiosulfate- and organics-DGS cultivations (57 days). All the three DGS were characterized in terms of particle size distribution, sludge settling ability (indicated by sludge volume index and settling velocity), permeability (indicated by fractal dimension) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, including polysaccharide and protein) secretion. Sludge productions in the three DGS-reactors were also monitored. The key functional microorganisms in three granular reactors were revealed via high through-put pyrosequencing analysis. Batch tests were performed to measure the denitrification activities of each DGS, including both denitratation (NO3- → NO2-) and denitritation (NO2- → N2). We found that thiosulfate-driven denitrifying sludge granulation (TDDSG) should be the most efficient and compact technology for effective BNR in municipal wastewater treatment. The findings of this study suggests the TDDSG could further increase the nitrogen removal potential in an enhanced sulfur cycle-driven bioprocess for co-treatment of wet flue gas desulfurization wastes with fresh sewage depending on three short-cut biological reactions, including: 1) short-cut biological sulfur reduction (SO42-/SO32- → S2O32-); 2) thiosulfate-driven denitritation (S2O32- + NO2- → SO42- + N2↑); and 3) nitritation (NH4+ + O2 → NO2-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yaoguo Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD, 4111, Australia; Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Lianlian Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
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Dasgupta S, Wu S, Goel R. Coupling autotrophic denitrification with partial nitritation-anammox (PNA) for efficient total inorganic nitrogen removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:700-707. [PMID: 28709076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The performance of and the microbial ecology in an integrated lab scale set up comprising of a PN/A bioreactor and an elemental sulfur-supported packed bed autotrophic denitrification (ESSAD) are reported. The PN/A reactor exhibited an average removal rate of 0.56±0.103kgNm-3d-1, whereas the ESSAD reactor removed an average of 0.0018kg NO3--Nm-3d-1. The combined average removal rate was 0.6kgNm-3d-1, yielding an overall total inorganic nitrogen efficiency of 97%. Based on 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from the ESSAD reactor, the extracted Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) formed a clade with Thiobacillus denitrificans sp. indicating a common ancestral relationship. High throughput amplicon sequencing targeting V3 region of 16S rRNA gene for the biofilm in the ESSAD also revealed an abundance of the Thiobacillus genus. Additionally, 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing of the genomic DNA from the PN/A reactor reflected a dominance of the Planctomycetes phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayna Dasgupta
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
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24
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Park JH, Choi O, Lee TH, Kim H, Sang BI. Pyrosequencing analysis of microbial communities in hollow fiber-membrane biofilm reactors system for treating high-strength nitrogen wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 163:192-201. [PMID: 27529383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters from swine farms, nitrogen-dealing industries or side-stream processes of a wastewater treatment plant (e.g., anaerobic digesters, sludge thickening processes, etc.) are characterized by low C/N ratios and not easily treatable. In this study, a hollow fiber-membrane biofilm reactors (HF-MBfR) system consisting of an O2-based HF-MBfR and an H2-based HF-MBfR was applied for treating high-strength wastewater. The reactors were continuously operated with low supply of O2 and H2 and without any supply of organic carbon for 250 d. Gradual increase of ammonium and nitrate concentration in the influent showed stable and high nitrogen removal efficiency, and the maximum ammonium and nitrate removal rates were 0.48 kg NH4(+)-N m(-3) d(-1) and 0.55 kg NO3(-)-N m(-3) d(-1), respectively. The analysis of the microbial communities using pyrosequencing analysis indicated that Nitrosospira multiformis, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, and Nitrobacter winogradskyi and Nitrobacter vulgaris, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were highly enriched in the O2-based HF-MBfR. In the H2-based HF-MBfR, hydrogenotrophic denitrifying bacteria belonging to the family of Thiobacillus and Comamonadaceae were initially dominant, but were replaced to heterotrophic denitrifiers belonging to Rhodocyclaceae and Rhodobacteraceae utilizing by-products induced from autotrophic denitrifying bacteria. The pyrosequencing analysis of microbial communities indicates that the autotrophic HF-MBfRs system well developed autotrophic nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria within a relatively short period to accomplish almost complete nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangshimni-Ro, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Okkyoung Choi
- The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, 222 Wangshimni-Ro, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Lee
- The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, 222 Wangshimni-Ro, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyunook Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-Ku, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
| | - Byoung-In Sang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangshimni-Ro, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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25
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Chen W, Dai X, Cao D, Wang S, Hu X, Liu W, Yang D. Performance and microbial ecology of a nitritation sequencing batch reactor treating high-strength ammonia wastewater. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35693. [PMID: 27762325 PMCID: PMC5071840 DOI: 10.1038/srep35693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The partial nitrification (PN) performance and the microbial community variations were evaluated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for 172 days, with the stepwise elevation of ammonium concentration. Free ammonia (FA) and low dissolved oxygen inhibition of nitrite-oxidized bacteria (NOB) were used to achieve nitritation in the SBR. During the 172 days operation, the nitrogen loading rate of the SBR was finally raised to 3.6 kg N/m3/d corresponding the influent ammonium of 1500 mg/L, with the ammonium removal efficiency and nitrite accumulation rate were 94.12% and 83.54%, respectively, indicating that the syntrophic inhibition of FA and low dissolved oxygen contributed substantially to the stable nitrite accumulation. The results of the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing revealed that Nitrospira, the only nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the system, were successively inhibited and eliminated, and the SBR reactor was dominated finally by Nitrosomonas, the ammonium-oxidizing bacteria, which had a relative abundance of 83%, indicating that the Nitrosomonas played the primary roles on the establishment and maintaining of nitritation. Followed by Nitrosomonas, Anaerolineae (7.02%) and Saprospira (1.86%) were the other mainly genera in the biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Dawen Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Sha Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiaona Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Wenru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Dianhai Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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26
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Comparison of microbial communities in different sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:447-453. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Wang Y, Bott C, Nerenberg R. Sulfur-based denitrification: Effect of biofilm development on denitrification fluxes. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:184-193. [PMID: 27187050 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur (S(o)) can serve as an electron donor for denitrification. However, the mechanisms and rates of S(o)-based denitrification, which depend on a biofilm development on a solid S(o) surface, are not well understood. We used completely-mixed reactors packed with S(o) chips to systematically explore the behavior of S(o)-based denitrification as a function of the bulk nitrate (NO3(-)) concentration and biofilm development. High-purity (99.5%) and agricultural-grade (90% purity) S(o) chips were tested to explore differences in performance. NO3(-) fluxes followed a Monod-type relationship with the bulk NO3(-) concentration. For high-purity S(o), the maximum NO3(-) flux increased from 0.4 gN/m(2)-d at 21 days to 0.9 g N/m(2)-d at around 100 days, but then decreased to 0.65 gN/m(2)-d at 161 days. The apparent (extant) half-saturation constant for NO3(-) KSapp, based on the bulk NO3(-) concentration and NO3(-) fluxes into the biofilm, increased from 0.1 mgN/L at 21 days to 0.8 mgN/L at 161 days, reflecting the increasing mass transfer resistance as the biofilm thickness increased. Nitrite (NO2(-)) accumulation became significant at bulk NO3(-) concentration above 0.2 mgN/L. The behavior of the agricultural-grade S(o) was very similar to the high-purity S(o). The kinetic behavior of S(o)-based denitrification was consistent with substrate counter-diffusion, where the soluble sulfur species diffuse from the S(o) particle into the base of the biofilm, while NO3(-) diffuses into the biofilm from the bulk. Initially, the fluxes were low due to biomass limitation (thin biofilms). As the biofilm thickness increased with time, the fluxes first increased, stabilized, and then decreased. The decrease was probably due to increasing diffusional resistance in the thick biofilm. Results suggest that fluxes comparable to heterotrophic biofilm processes can be achieved, but careful management of biofilm accumulation is important to maintain high fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Charles Bott
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, P.O. Box 5911, Virginia Beach, VA 23471, USA.
| | - Robert Nerenberg
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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28
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Biological Nitrogen Removal through Nitritation Coupled with Thiosulfate-Driven Denitritation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27502. [PMID: 27272192 PMCID: PMC4897740 DOI: 10.1038/srep27502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel biological nitrogen removal system based on nitritation coupled with thiosulfate-driven denitritation (Nitritation-TDD) was developed to achieve a high nitrogen removal rate and low sludge production. A nitritation sequential batch reactor (nitritation SBR) and an anoxic up-flow sludge bed (AnUSB) reactor were applied for effective nitritation and denitritation, respectively. Above 75% nitrite was accumulated in the nitritation SBR with an influent ammonia loading rate of 0.43 kg N/d/m3. During Nitritation-TDD operation, particle sizes (d50) of the sludge decreased from 406 to 225 um in nitritation SBR and from 327–183 um in AnUSB reactor. Pyrosequencing tests revealed that ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) population was stabilized at approximately 7.0% (calculated as population of AOB-related genus divided by the total microbial population) in the nitritation SBR. In contrast, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) population decreased from 6.5–0.6% over the same time, indicating the effective nitrite accumulation in the nitritation SBR. Thiobacillus, accounting for 34.2% in the AnUSB reactor, was mainly responsible for nitrogen removal via autotrophic denitritation, using an external source of thiosulfate as electron donor. Also, it was found that free nitrous acid could directly affect the denitritation activity.
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29
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Li R, Morrison L, Collins G, Li A, Zhan X. Simultaneous nitrate and phosphate removal from wastewater lacking organic matter through microbial oxidation of pyrrhotite coupled to nitrate reduction. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 96:32-41. [PMID: 27017573 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the efficiency of a pyrrhotite autotrophic denitrification biofilter (PADB) technology for simultaneous N and P removal from wastewater lacking organic matter. A PADB was constructed with natural pyrrhotite as the biofilter medium and inoculated with autotrophic denitrifies enriched from anaerobic sludge. Over an operating period of 247 days, PADB efficiently removed NO3(-) and PO4(3-) simultaneously from wastewater that lacked organic matter. The hydraulic retention time (HRT), and influent NO3(-) and PO4(3-) concentrations affected the removal of NO3(-) and PO4(3-). A longer HRT led to lower concentrations of NO3(-) and PO4(3-) in the effluent. The PO4(3-) removal was influenced by NO3(-) removed; the more NO3(-) removed, the more PO4(3-) removed. As the synthetic wastewater containing NO3(-)-N of 28 mg L(-1) and PO4(3-)-P of 6 mg L(-1) in the absence of organic matter was treated by PADB at HRT of 24 h, total oxidized nitrogen (TON; NO2(-)-N + NO3(-)-N) and PO4(3-)-P concentrations of effluent were as low as 1.13 and 0.28 mg L(-1), respectively. When treatment of municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) secondary effluent with TON of 21.11 mg L(-1) and PO4(3-)-P of 2.62 mg L(-1) at HRT of 24 h, the effluent TON was 1.89 mg L(-1) and PO4(3-)-P was 0.34 mg L(-1). PO4(3-) was removed through the formation of secondary minerals with Fe and Ca. These secondary minerals contained elevated phosphorus, which presents a potential for P recovery from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Liam Morrison
- Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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30
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Zhou W, Liu X, Dong X, Wang Z, Yuan Y, Wang H, He S. Sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification from the micro-polluted water. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 44:180-188. [PMID: 27266314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication caused by high concentrations of nutrients is a huge problem for many natural lakes and reservoirs. Removing the nitrogen contamination from the low C/N water body has become an urgent need. Autotrophic denitrification with the sulfur compound as electron donor was investigated in the biofilter reactors. Through the lab-scale experiment, it was found that different sulfur compounds and different carriers caused very different treatment performances. Thiosulfate was selected to be the best electron donor and ceramsite was chosen as the suitable carrier due to the good denitrification efficiency, low cost and the good resistibility against the high hydraulic loads. Later the optimum running parameters of the process were determined. Then the pilot-scale experiment was carried out with the real micro-polluted water from the West Lake, China. The results indicated that the autotrophic denitrification with thiosulfate as electron donor was feasible and applicable for the micro-polluted lake water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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31
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Wang B, Peng Y, Guo Y, Zhao M, Wang S. Illumina MiSeq sequencing reveals the key microorganisms involved in partial nitritation followed by simultaneous sludge fermentation, denitrification and anammox process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 207:118-125. [PMID: 26874440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A combined process including a partial nitritation SBR (PN-SBR) followed by a simultaneous sludge fermentation, denitrification and anammox reactor (SFDA) was established to treat low C/N domestic wastewater in this study. An average nitrite accumulation rate of 97.8% and total nitrogen of 9.4mg/L in the effluent was achieved during 140days' operation. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by using Illumina MiSeq sequencing to analyze the microbial community structures in the PN-SBR and SFDA. Results showed that the predominant bacterial phylum was Proteobacteria in the external waste activated sludge (WAS, added to the SFDA) and SFDA while Bacteroidetes in the PN-SBR. Further study indicated that in the PN-SBR, the dominant nitrobacteria, Nitrosomonas genus, facilitated nitritation and little nitrate was generated in the PN-SBR effluent. In the SFDA, the co-existence of functional microorganisms Thauera, Candidatus Anammoximicrobium and Pseudomonas were found to contribute to simultaneous sludge fermentation, denitrification and anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Mengyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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32
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Moon J, Hwang Y, Kim J, Kwak I. Biological nitrogen removal from plating wastewater by submerged membrane bioreactor packed with granular sulfur. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:805-815. [PMID: 27533855 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent toughened water quality standards have necessitated improvements for existing sewer treatment facilities through advanced treatment processes. Therefore, an advanced treatment process that can be installed through simple modification of existing sewer treatment facilities needs to be developed. In this study, a new submerged membrane bioreactor process packed with granular sulfur (MBR-GS) was developed and operated to determine the biological nitrogen removal behaviors of plating wastewater containing a high concentration of NO3(-). Continuous denitrification was carried out at various nitrogen loading rates at 20 °C using synthetic wastewater, which was comprised of NO3(-) and HCO3(-), and actual plating wastewater, which was collected from the effluent water of a plating company called 'H Metals'. High-rate denitrification in synthetic plating wastewater was accomplished at 0.8 kg NO3(-)-N/m(3)·day at a nitrogen loading rate of 0.9 kg NO3(-)-N/m(3)·day. The denitrification rate further increased in actual plating wastewater to 0.91 kg NO3(-)-N/m(3)·day at a nitrogen loading rate of 1.11 kg NO3(-)-N/m(3)·day. Continuous filtration was maintained for up to 30 days without chemical cleaning with a transmembrane pressure in the range of 20 cmHg. Based on stoichiometry, SO4(2-) production and alkalinity consumption could be calculated theoretically. Experimental alkalinity consumption was lower than the theoretical value. This newly proposed MBR-GS process, capable of high-rate nitrogen removal by compulsive flux, is expected to be applicable as an alternative renovation technique for nitrogen treatment of plating wastewater as well as municipal wastewater with a low C/N ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Moon
- Department of Environmental Technology and Safety Technology Convergence, Inha University, 253 Younghyun-Dong, Namgu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yongwoo Hwang
- Department of Environmental Technology and Safety Technology Convergence, Inha University, 253 Younghyun-Dong, Namgu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Junbeum Kim
- CREIDD Research Centre on Environmental Studies & Sustainability, Department of Humanities, Environment & Information Technology (HETIC), University of Technology of Troyes, Troyes, France and Department of Geoecology and Geochemistry, Institute of Natural Resources, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia E-mail:
| | - Inho Kwak
- Department of Environmental Technology and Safety Technology Convergence, Inha University, 253 Younghyun-Dong, Namgu, Incheon, South Korea
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33
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Zhang L, Zhang C, Hu C, Liu H, Bai Y, Qu J. Sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification corresponding to different electron donors and microbial profiling in anoxic fluidized-bed membrane bioreactors. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 85:422-431. [PMID: 26364226 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrifying anoxic fluidized bed membrane bioreactors (AnFB-MBR) were developed for the treatment of nitrate-contaminated groundwater with minimized sulfate production. The nitrate removal rates obtained in the methanol- and ethanol-fed mixotrophic denitrifying AnFB-MBRs reached 1.44-3.84 g NO3 -N/L reactor d at a hydraulic retention time of 0.5 h, which were significantly superior to those reported in packed bed reactors. Compared to methanol, ethanol was found to be a more effective external carbon source for sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification due to lower sulfate and total organic carbon concentrations in the effluent. Using pyrosequencing, the phylotypes of primary microbial groups in the reactor, including sulfur-oxidizing autotrophic denitrifiers, methanol- or ethanol-supported heterotrophic denitrifiers, were investigated in response to changes in electron donors. Principal component and heatmap analyses indicated that selection of electron donating substrates largely determined the microbial community structure. The abundance of Thiobacillus decreased from 45.1% in the sulfur-oxidizing autotrophic denitrifying reactor to 12.0% and 14.2% in sulfur-based methanol- and ethanol-fed mixotrophic denitrifying bioreactors, respectively. Heterotrophic Methyloversatilis and Thauera bacteria became more dominant in the mixotrophic denitrifying bioreactors, which were possibly responsible for the observed methanol- and ethanol-associated denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yaohui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Qian J, Liu R, Wei L, Lu H, Chen GH. System evaluation and microbial analysis of a sulfur cycle-based wastewater treatment process for Co-treatment of simple wet flue gas desulfurization wastes with freshwater sewage. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 80:189-199. [PMID: 26001823 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A sulfur cycle-based wastewater treatment process, namely the Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated process (SANI(®) process) has been recently developed for organics and nitrogen removal with 90% sludge minimization and 35% energy reduction in the biological treatment of saline sewage from seawater toilet flushing practice in Hong Kong. In this study, sulfate- and sulfite-rich wastes from simple wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) were considered as a potential low-cost sulfur source to achieve beneficial co-treatment with non-saline (freshwater) sewage in continental areas, through a Mixed Denitrification (MD)-SANI process trialed with synthetic mixture of simple WFGD wastes and freshwater sewage. The system showed 80% COD removal efficiency (specific COD removal rate of 0.26 kg COD/kg VSS/d) at an optimal pH of 7.5 and complete denitrification through MD (specific nitrogen removal rate of 0.33 kg N/kg VSS/d). Among the electron donors in MD, organics and thiosulfate could induce a much higher denitrifying activity than sulfide in terms of both NO3(-) reduction and NO2(-) reduction, suggesting a much higher nitrogen removal rate in organics-, thiosulfate- and sulfide-based MD in MD-SANI compared to sulfide alone-based autotrophic denitrification in conventional SANI(®). Diverse sulfate/sulfite-reducing bacteria (SRB) genera dominated in the bacterial community of sulfate/sulfite-reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) sludge without methane producing bacteria detected. Desulfomicrobium-like species possibly for sulfite reduction and Desulfobulbus-like species possibly for sulfate reduction are the two dominant groups with respective abundance of 24.03 and 14.91% in the SRB genera. Diverse denitrifying genera were identified in the bacterial community of anoxic up-flow sludge bed (AnUSB) sludge and the Thauera- and Thiobacillus-like species were the major taxa. These results well explained the successful operation of the lab-scale MD-SANI process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rulong Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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35
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Ashok V, Hait S. Remediation of nitrate-contaminated water by solid-phase denitrification process-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:8075-8093. [PMID: 25787220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents a compilation of various autotrophic and heterotrophic ways of solid-phase denitrification. It covers a complete understanding of various pathways followed during denitrification process. The paper gives a brief review on various governing factors on which the process depends. It focuses mainly on the solid-phase denitrification process, its applicability, efficiency, and disadvantages associated. It presents a critical review on various methodologies associated with denitrification process reported in past years. A comparative study has also been carried out to have a better understanding of advantages and disadvantages of a particular method. We summarize the various organic and inorganic substances and various techniques that have been used for enhancing denitrification process and suggest possible gaps in the research areas whi'ch are worthy of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Ashok
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, India,
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36
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Tabassum S, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Novel Mass Bio System (MBS) and its potential application in advanced treatment of coal gasification wastewater. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11506j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A Novel Mass Bio System (MBS), a suspended biologically activated carbon granular carrier cubic particle with 2–5 mm side length and 1.02–1.08 specific gravity was developed for advanced treatment of coal gasification wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Tabassum
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Zhenjia Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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Denitrification of groundwater using a sulfur-oxidizing autotrophic denitrifying anaerobic fluidized-bed MBR: performance and bacterial community structure. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:2815-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mohseni-Bandpi A, Elliott DJ, Zazouli MA. Biological nitrate removal processes from drinking water supply-a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2013; 11:35. [PMID: 24355262 PMCID: PMC3880027 DOI: 10.1186/2052-336x-11-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews both heterotrophic and autotrophic processes for the removal of nitrate from water supplies. The most commonly used carbon sources in heterotrophic denitrification are methanol, ethanol and acetic acid. Process performance for each feed stock is compared with particular reference nitrate and nitrite residual and to toxicity potential. Autotrophic nitrate removal has the advantages of not requiring an organic carbon source; however the slow growth rate of autotrophic bacteria and low nitrate removal rate have contributed to the fact that relatively few full scale plants are in operation at the present time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoushiravan Mohseni-Bandpi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - David Jack Elliott
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Zazouli
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Sciences Research Center and Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Sahinkaya E, Kilic A, Calimlioglu B, Toker Y. Simultaneous bioreduction of nitrate and chromate using sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 262:234-239. [PMID: 24035799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at evaluating simultaneous chromate and nitrate reduction using sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification process in a column reactor packed with elemental sulfur and activated carbon. The reactor was supplemented with methanol at C/N ratio of 1.33 or 2. Almost complete denitrification was achieved at influent NO3(-)-N and Cr(VI) concentrations of 75 mg/L and 10mg/L, respectively, and 3.7h HRT. Maximum denitrification rate was 0.5 g NO3(-)-N/(L.d) when the bioreactor was fed with 75 mg/L NO3(-)-N, 150 mg/L methanol and 10mg/L Cr(VI). The share of autotrophic denitrification was between 12% and 50% depending on HRT, C/N ratio and Cr(VI) concentration. Effluent total chromium was below 50 μg/L provided that influent Cr(VI) concentration was equal or below 5mg/L. DGGE results showed stable microbial community throughout the operation and the presence of sulfur oxidizing denitrifying bacteria (Thiobacillus denitrificans) and Cr(VI) reducing bacteria (Exiguobacterium spp.) in the column bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Sahinkaya
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Bioengineering Department, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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40
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Souza TSO, Foresti E. Sulfide-Oxidizing Autotrophic Denitrification: an Evaluation for Nitrogen Removal from Anaerobically Pretreated Domestic Sewage. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:1094-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Denecke M, Eilmus S, Röder N, Roesch C, Bothe H. Molecular identification of the microbial diversity in two sequencing batch reactors with activated sludge. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 93:1725-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhou W, Sun Y, Wu B, Zhang Y, Huang M, Miyanaga T, Zhang Z. Autotrophic denitrification for nitrate and nitrite removal using sulfur-limestone. J Environ Sci (China) 2011; 23:1761-9. [PMID: 22432298 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60635-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-limestone was used in the autotrophic denitrification process to remove the nitrate and nitrite in a lab scale upflow biofilter. Synthetic water with four levels of nitrate and nitrite concentrations of 10, 40, 70 and 100 mg N/L was tested. When treating the low concentration of nitrate- or nitrite-contaminated water (10, 40 mg N/L), a high removal rate of about 90% was achieved at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 hr and temperature of 20-25 degrees C. At the same HRT, 50% of the nitrate or nitrite could be removed even at the low temperature of 5-10 degrees C. For the higher concentration nitrate and nitrite (70, 100 mg N/L), longer HRT was required. The batch test indicated that influent concentration, HRT and temperature are important factors affecting the denitrification efficiency. Molecular analysis implied that nitrate and nitrite were denitrified into nitrogen by the same microorganisms. The sequential two-step-reactions from nitrate to nitrite and from nitrite to the next-step product might have taken place in the same cell during the autotrophic denitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification: diversity, biochemistry, and engineering applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 88:1027-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Zhang Y, Zhong F, Xia S, Wang X, Li J. Autohydrogenotrophic denitrification of drinking water using a polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membrane biofilm reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 170:203-209. [PMID: 19473764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A hollow fiber membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hollow fiber was evaluated in removing nitrate form contaminated drinking water. During a 279-day operation period, the denitrification rate increased gradually with the increase of influent nitrate loading. The denitrification rate reached a maximum value of 414.72 g N/m(3)d (1.50 g N/m(2)d) at an influent NO(3)(-)-N concentration of 10mg/L and a hydraulic residence time of 37.5 min, and the influent nitrate was completely reduced. At the same time, the effluent quality analysis showed the headspace hydrogen content (3.0%) was lower enough to preclude having an explosive air. Under the condition of the influent nitrate surface loading of 1.04 g N/m(2)d, over 90% removal efficiencies of the total nitrogen and nitrate were achieved at the hydrogen pressure above 0.04 MPa. The results of denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (DGGE), 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the microbial community structures in MBfR were of low diversity, simple and stable at mature stages; and the beta-Proteobacteria, including Rhodocyclus, Hydrogenophaga, and beta-Proteobacteria HTCC379, probably play an important role in autohydrogenotrophic denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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45
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Zhang M, Zhang T, Shao MF, Fang HHP. Autotrophic denitrification in nitrate-induced marine sediment remediation and Sulfurimonas denitrificans-like bacteria. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 76:677-682. [PMID: 19406451 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Revised: 03/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A group of autotrophic sulfide-oxidizing denitrifying bacteria was identified from an aged anthropogenic marine sediment treated by nitrate for the removal of recalcitrant organic residues. Based on 16S rDNA similarity, they were most closely related to Sulfurimonas denitrificans which oxidizes sulfide to sulfate using nitrate as electron acceptor. This group of bacteria was one of the eleven operational taxonomy units (OTUs) identified using a universal primer set for Eubacteria, but it was accounted for 69% of the total nitrate reduction. Using a primer set designed specifically for S. denitrificans, six new S. denitrificans-like OTUs were identified by cloning-sequencing. They had over 97% similarity with S. denitrificans and its relatives, including Thiomicrospira sp. strain CVO, Thiomicrospira sp. clone HKT806 and Campylobacterales clone DS169.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- Centre for Environmental Engineering Research, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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46
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Biological nitrate removal in industrial wastewater treatment: which electron donor we can choose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 82:415-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 11/16/2008] [Accepted: 11/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Moon HS, Shin DY, Nam K, Kim JY. A long-term performance test on an autotrophic denitrification column for application as a permeable reactive barrier. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 73:723-8. [PMID: 18722639 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The long-term performance of a sulfur-based reactive barrier system was evaluated using autotrophic denitrification in a large-scale column. A bacterial consortium, containing autotrophic denitrifiers attached on sulfur particles, serving as an electron donor, was able to transform 60 mg N L(-1) of nitrate into dinitrogen. In the absence of phosphate, the consortium was unable to remove nitrate, but after the addition of phosphate, nitrate removal was readily evident. Once the column operation had stabilized, seepage velocities of 1.0 x 10(-3) and 0.5 x 10(-3)cms(-1), corresponding to hydraulic residence times of 24 and 48 h, respectively, did not affect the nitrate removal efficiency, as determined by the nitrate concentration in the effluent. However, data on the nitrate, nitrite and sulfate distribution along the column indicated differential transformation patterns with column depths. Based on the dinitrogen concentration in the total gas collected, the denitrification efficiency of the tested column was estimated to be more than 95%. After 500 d operation, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the column slightly changed, but these changes did not inhibit the nitrate removal efficiency. Data from a bacterial community analysis obtained from four parts of the column demonstrated the selective a spatial distribution of predominant species depending on available electron acceptors or donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Moon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA
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49
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Application of biocathode in microbial fuel cells: cell performance and microbial community. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 79:379-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Byun I, Park J, Park T. A new method of autotrophic denitrification with spent sulfidic caustic as substrate and alkalinity source. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-007-0180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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