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Maucourt F, Doumèche B, Nazaret S, Fraissinet-Tachet L. Under explored roles of microbial ligninolytic enzymes in aerobic polychlorinated biphenyl transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:19071-19084. [PMID: 38372925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants in the environment that are responsible for many adverse health effects. Bioremediation appears to be a healthy and cost-effective alternative for remediating PCB-contaminated environments. While some microbial species have been observed to be capable of transforming PCBs, only two different microbial pathways (rdh and bph pathways) have been described to be involved in PCB transformations. Ligninolytic enzymes have been observed or are under suspicion in some microbial PCB transformations. However, the role of these promising PCB-transforming enzymes, which are produced by fungi and some aerobic bacteria, is still unclear. The present review describes their role by identifying microbial PCB-transforming species and their reported ligninolytic enzymes whether proven or suspected to be involved in PCB transformations. There are several lines of evidence that ligninolytic enzymes are responsible for PCB transformations such as (1) the ability of purified laccases from Myceliophthora thermophila, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Trametes versicolor, Cladosporium sp, and Coprinus cumatus to transform hydroxy-PCBs; (2) the increased production of laccases and peroxidases by many fungi in the presence of PCBs; and (3) the enhanced PCB transformation by Pseudomonas stutzeri and Sinorhizobium meliloti NM after the addition of ligninolytic enzyme enhancers. However, if the involvement of ligninolytic enzymes in PCB transformation is clearly demonstrated in some fungal species, it does not seem to be implicated in all microbial species suggesting other still unknown metabolic pathways involved in PCB transformation and different from the bph and rdh pathways. Therefore, PCB transformation may involve several metabolic pathways, some involving ligninolytic enzymes, bph or rdh genes, and some still unknown, depending on the microbial species. In addition, current knowledge does not fully clarify the role of ligninolytic enzymes in PCB oxidation and dechlorination. Therefore, further studies focusing on purified ligninolytic enzymes are needed to clearly elucidate their role in PCB transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Maucourt
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, F-7 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- ENVISOL, 2-4 rue Hector Berlioz, F-38110, La Tour du Pin, France
| | - Bastien Doumèche
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS 5246 ICBMS, F-7 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvie Nazaret
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, F-7 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurence Fraissinet-Tachet
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, F-7 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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Maucourt F, Cébron A, Budzinski H, Le Menach K, Peluhet L, Czarnes S, Melayah D, Chapulliot D, Vallon L, Plassart G, Hugoni M, Fraissinet-Tachet L. Prokaryotic, Microeukaryotic, and Fungal Composition in a Long-Term Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Contaminated Brownfield. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:1696-1708. [PMID: 36646913 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are recognized as persistent organic pollutants and accumulate in organisms, soils, waters, and sediments, causing major health and ecological perturbations. Literature reported PCB bio-transformation by fungi and bacteria in vitro, but data about the in situ impact of those compounds on microbial communities remained scarce while being useful to guide biotransformation assays. The present work investigated for the first time microbial diversity from the three-domains-of-life in a long-term contaminated brownfield (a former factory land). Soil samples were ranked according to their PCB concentrations, and a significant increase in abundance was shown according to increased concentrations. Microbial communities structure showed a segregation from the least to the most PCB-polluted samples. Among the identified microorganisms, Bacteria belonging to Gammaproteobacteria class, as well as Fungi affiliated to Saccharomycetes class or Pleurotaceae family, including some species known to transform some PCBs were abundantly retrieved in the highly polluted soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Maucourt
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- ENVISOL, 2-4 Rue Hector Berlioz, 38110, La Tour du Pin, France
| | - Aurélie Cébron
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | - Sonia Czarnes
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Delphine Melayah
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5240 Microbiologie Adaptation Et Pathogénie, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Chapulliot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Vallon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gaël Plassart
- ENVISOL, 2-4 Rue Hector Berlioz, 38110, La Tour du Pin, France
| | - Mylène Hugoni
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5240 Microbiologie Adaptation Et Pathogénie, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Laurence Fraissinet-Tachet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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Khalid F, Hashmi MZ, Jamil N, Qadir A, Ali MI. Microbial and enzymatic degradation of PCBs from e-waste-contaminated sites: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10474-10487. [PMID: 33411303 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Electronic waste is termed as e-waste and on recycling it produces environmental pollution. Among these e-waste pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are significantly important due to ubiquitous, organic in nature and serious health and environmental hazards. PCBs are used in different electrical equipment such as in transformers and capacitors for the purposes of exchange of heat and hydraulic fluids. Bioremediation is a reassuring technology for the elimination of the PCBs from the environment. In spite of their chemical stability, there are several microbes which can bio-transform or mineralize the PCBs aerobically or anaerobically. In this review paper, our objective was to summarize the information regarding PCB-degrading enzymes and microbes. The review suggested that the most proficient PCB degraders during anaerobic condition are Dehalobacter, Dehalococcoides, and Desulfitobacterium and in aerobic condition are Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Comamonas, Ralstonia, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Alcaligenes etc., showing the broadest substrate among bacterial strains. Enzymes found in soil such as dehydrogenases and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) esterases have the capability to breakdown PCBs. Biphenyl upper pathway involves four enzymes: dehydrogenase (bphB), multicomponent dioxygenase (bphA, E, F, and G), second dioxygenase (bphC), hydrolase, and (bphD). Biphenyl dioxygenase is considered as the foremost enzyme used for aerobic degradation of PCBs in metabolic pathway. It has been proved that several micro-organisms are responsible for the PCB metabolization. The review provides novel strategies for e-waste-contaminated soil management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foqia Khalid
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
- Pakistan Academy of Science, 3-Constitution Avenue Sector G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nadia Jamil
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadir
- College of Earth and Environmental Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Mikolasch A, Berzhanova R, Omirbekova A, Reinhard A, Zühlke D, Meister M, Mukasheva T, Riedel K, Urich T, Schauer F. Moniliella spathulata, an oil-degrading yeast, which promotes growth of barley in oil-polluted soil. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:401-415. [PMID: 33219393 PMCID: PMC7778628 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The yeast strain Moniliella spathulata SBUG-Y 2180 was isolated from oil-contaminated soil at the Tengiz oil field in the Atyrau region of Kazakhstan on the basis of its unique ability to use crude oil and its components as the sole carbon and energy source. This yeast used a large number of hydrocarbons as substrates (more than 150), including n-alkanes with chain lengths ranging from C10 to C32, monomethyl- and monoethyl-substituted alkanes (C9-C23), and n-alkylcyclo alkanes with alkyl chain lengths from 3 to 24 carbon atoms as well as substituted monoaromatic and diaromatic hydrocarbons. Metabolism of this huge range of hydrocarbon substrates produced a very large number of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic acids. Fifty-one of these were identified by GC/MS analyses. This is the first report of the degradation and formation of such a large number of compounds by a yeast. Inoculation of barley seeds with M. spathulata SBUG-Y 2180 had a positive effect on shoot and root development of plants grown in oil-contaminated sand, pointing toward potential applications of the yeast in bioremediation of polluted soils. KEY POINTS: • Moniliella spathulata an oil-degrading yeast • Increase of the growth of barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Mikolasch
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Ramza Berzhanova
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave 71, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Anel Omirbekova
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave 71, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Anne Reinhard
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Daniele Zühlke
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mareike Meister
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Togzhan Mukasheva
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave 71, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Katharina Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tim Urich
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frieder Schauer
- Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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Perczyk P, Wójcik A, Wydro P, Broniatowski M. The role of phospholipid composition and ergosterol presence in the adaptation of fungal membranes to harsh environmental conditions-membrane modeling study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1862:183136. [PMID: 31751523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil fungi play an important role in the environment decomposing dead organic matter and degrading persistent organic pollutants (POP). The presence of hydrophobic POP in the soil and membrane-lytic substances excreted by competing microorganism to the soil solution is the constant threat to these organisms. To survive in the harsh environment and counteract these hazards the fungal cells have to strictly control the composition of the lipids in their cellular membranes. However, in the case of fungal membranes the correlation between their composition and physical properties is not fully understood. In our studies we applied Langmuir monolayers formed by phospholipids typical to fungal membranes and ergosterol as versatile model membranes. These membranes were characterized by the Langmuir technique, Brewster Angle Microscopy and Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction, as well as were exposed to the action of phospholipase A2 treated as a model membrane-lytic protein. We started our studies from the equimolar mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine with phosphatidylcholine and doped this matrix with phosphatidylserine (PS) or phosphatidylinositol (PI). It turned out that the membranes with PS were much more condensed at the mesoscale and periodically organized at the molecular level. Starting from these models we derived two families of model fungal membranes adding to these phospholipid matrices ergosterol. It turned out that the level of ergosterol content is of crucial importance for the model membrane structure and its durability. Changing the ergosterol mole ratio from 0 to 0.5 we defined and described in detail four different 2D crystalline phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Perczyk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Wójcik
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Wydro
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Broniatowski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
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Diversity and degradative capabilities of bacteria and fungi isolated from oil-contaminated and hydrocarbon-polluted soils in Kazakhstan. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7261-7274. [PMID: 31346684 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi were isolated from eight different soil samples from different regions in Kazakhstan contaminated with oil or salt or aromatic compounds. For the isolation of the organisms, we used, on the one hand, typical hydrocarbons such as the well utilizable aliphatic alkane tetradecane, the hardly degradable multiple-branched alkane pristane, and the biaromatic compound biphenyl as enrichment substrates. On the other hand, we also used oxygenated derivatives of alicyclic and monoaromatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexanone and p-tert-amylphenol, which are known as problematic pollutants. Seventy-nine bacterial and fungal strains were isolated, and 32 of them that were clearly able to metabolize some of these substrates, as tested by HPLC-UV/Vis and GC-MS analyses, were characterized taxonomically by DNA sequencing. Sixty-two percent of the 32 isolated strains from 14 different genera belong to well-described hydrocarbon degraders like some Rhodococci as well as Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Fusarium, Candida, and Yarrowia species. However, species of the bacterial genus Curtobacterium, the yeast genera Lodderomyces and Pseudozyma, as well as the filamentous fungal genera Purpureocillium and Sarocladium, which have rarely been described as hydrocarbon degrading, were isolated and shown to be efficient tetradecane degraders, mostly via monoterminal oxidation. Pristane was exclusively degraded by Rhodococcus isolates. Candida parapsilosis, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa degraded cyclohexanone, and in doing so accumulate ε-caprolactone or hexanedioic acid as metabolites. Biphenyl was transformed by Pseudomonas/Stenotrophomonas isolates. When p-tert-amylphenol was used as growth substrate, none of the isolated strains were able to use it.
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Fungal biotransformation of short-chain n-alkylcycloalkanes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4137-4151. [PMID: 30941461 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The cycloalkanes, comprising up to 45% of the hydrocarbon fraction, occur in crude oil or refined oil products (e.g., gasoline) mainly as alkylated cyclohexane derivatives and have been increasingly found in environmental samples of soil and water. Furthermore, short-chain alkylated cycloalkanes are components of the so-called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study highlights the biotransformation of methyl- and ethylcyclohexane by the alkane-assimilating yeast Candida maltosa and the phenol- and benzoate-utilizing yeast Trichosporon mucoides under laboratory conditions. In the course of this biotransformation, we detected 25 different metabolites, which were analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS. The biotransformation process of methylcyclohexane in both yeasts involve (A) ring hydroxylation at different positions (C2, C3, and C4) and subsequent oxidation to ketones as well as (B) oxidation of the alkyl side chain to hydroxylated and acid products. The yeast T. mucoides additionally performs ring hydroxylation at the C1-position and (C) oxidative decarboxylation and (D) aromatization of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. Both yeasts also oxidized the saturated ring system and the side chain of ethylcyclohexane. However, the cyclohexylacetic acid, which was formed, seemed not to be substrate for aromatization. This is the first report of several new transformation reactions of alkylated cycloalkanes for eukaryotic microorganisms.
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Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Environmental Fate, Challenges and Bioremediation. MICROORGANISMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7462-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Cao Y, Yin H, Peng H, Tang S, Lu G, Dang Z. Biodegradation of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the presence of Cd 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:11415-11424. [PMID: 28316043 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic biodegradation of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-47) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the presence of Cd2+ was investigated in this study. The results showed that P. chrysosporium could effectively degrade BDE-47, and its extracellular enzyme played an important role in the process of decomposition. BDE-47 biodegradation by fungi was more tolerant than extracellular enzyme in the presence of Cd2+. Also, both of the activity of two typical enzymes, MnP and LiP, descended with ascended Cd2+ concentration. Based on the four mono-hydroxylated PBDEs (5-OH-BDE-47, 4'-OH-BDE-17, 6-OH-BDE-47, and 2'-OH-BDE-28) and two bromophenols (2,4-DBP, 4-BP) detected, three possible degradation pathways were proposed, inferring that BDE-47 was more easily to transform via hydroxylation. With addition of Cd2+, the types of degradation products did not change, merely a variation of the content of these products observed. Meanwhile, the major metabolites of BDE-47, bromophenol compounds, have been found to be transformed or even mineralized by P. chrysosporium quickly, which also helped better explain why the amounts of BDE-47 decomposed did not match with that of the metabolites detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Shaoyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Guining Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
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Uwimana E, Maiers A, Li X, Lehmler HJ. Microsomal Metabolism of Prochiral Polychlorinated Biphenyls Results in the Enantioselective Formation of Chiral Metabolites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1820-1829. [PMID: 28038482 PMCID: PMC5300040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners with multiple ortho chlorine substituents and their metabolites exist as stable rotational isomers, or atropisomers, that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other. Additionally, the oxidation of certain axially prochiral PCBs, such as 2,2',4,6'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 51) and 2,2',4,5,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 102), in the meta position of the symmetrically substituted phenyl ring is expected to form axially chiral hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs); however, the formation of chiral OH-PCBs from prochiral PCBs has not been demonstrated experimentally. Here, we investigate if the oxidation of PCB 51 and PCB 102 by different microsomal preparations results in the formation of chiral OH-PCBs. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed that PCB 51 and PCB 102 were metabolized to 2,2',4,6'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-3'-ol (OH-PCB 51) and 2,2',4,5,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl-3'-ol (OH-PCB 102), respectively, by liver microsomes from male rats pretreated with different inducers; untreated male monkeys, guinea pigs, rabbits, and hamsters; and female dogs. The formation of both metabolites was inducer- and species-dependent. Both OH-PCB 51 and OH-PCB 102 were chiral and formed enantioselectively by all microsomal preparations investigated. These findings demonstrate that axially chiral PCB metabolites are formed from axially prochiral PCB congeners, a fact that should be considered when studying the environmental fate, transport, and toxicity of OH-PCBs.
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Álvarez SP, Tapia MAM, Duarte BND, Vega MEG. Fungal Bioremediation as a Tool for Polluted Agricultural Soils. Fungal Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68957-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Mizukami-Murata S, Sakakibara F, Fujita K, Fukuda M, Kuramata M, Takagi K. Detoxification of hydroxylated polychlorobiphenyls by Sphingomonas sp. strain N-9 isolated from forest soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:173-182. [PMID: 27649311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
To examine the biodegradation of hydroxylated polychlorobiphenyls (OH-PCBs), we isolated Sphingomonas sp. strain N-9 from forest soil using mineral salt medium containing 4-hydroxy-3-chlorobiphenyl (4OH-3CB) at the concentration of 10 mg/L. Following incubation with strain N-9, the concentration of 4OH-3CB decreased in inverse proportion to strain N-9 proliferation, and it was converted to 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4OH-3CBA) after 1 day. We observed that strain N-9 efficiently degraded lowly chlorinated OH-PCBs (1-4 Cl), while highly chlorinated OH-PCBs (5-6 Cl) were less efficiently transformed. Additionally, strain N-9 degraded PCBs and OH-PCBs with similar efficiencies, and the efficiency of OH-PCB degradation was dependent upon the positional relationships between OH-PCB hydroxyl groups and chlorinated rings. OH-PCB biodegradation may result in highly toxic products, therefore, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of two OH-PCBs [4OH-3CB and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorobiphenyl (4OH-3,5CB)] and their metabolites [4OH-3CBA and 3,5-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4OH-3,5CBA)] using PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Our results revealed that both OH-PCBs induced cell membrane damage and caused neuron-like elongations in a dose-dependent manner, while similar results were not observed for their metabolites. These results indicated that strain N-9 can convert OH-PCBs into chloro-hydroxybenzoic acids having lower toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Mizukami-Murata
- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Futa Sakakibara
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Katsuhide Fujita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makiko Fukuda
- Technology Research Association for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masato Kuramata
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takagi
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Bhalla R, Tehrani R, Van Aken B. Toxicity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (HO-PCBs) using the bioluminescent assay Microtox(®). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1438-44. [PMID: 27411941 PMCID: PMC5131519 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1693-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (HO-PCBs) are toxic contaminants which are produced in the environment by biological or abiotic oxidation of PCBs. The toxicity of a suite of 23 mono-hydroxylated derivatives of PCBs and 12 parent PCBs was determined using the bacterial bioluminescent assay Microtox(®). All HO-PCBs tested exhibited higher toxicity than the corresponding parent PCB, with effect concentration 50 % (EC50) ranging from 0.07 to 133 mg L(-1). The highest toxicities were recorded with 4-hydroxylated derivatives of di-chlorinated biphenyls (EC50 = 0.07-0.36 mg L(-1)) and 2-hydroxylated derivatives of tri-chlorinated biphenyls carrying a chlorine substituent on the phenolic ring (EC50 = 0.34-0.48 mg L(-1)). The toxicity of HO-PCBs generally decreased when the degree of chlorination increased. Consistently with this observation, a significant positive correlation was measured between toxicity (measured by EC50) and octanol-water partition coefficient (pK ow) for the HO-PCBs under study (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r = 0.74), which may be explained by the lower solubility and bioavailability generally associated with higher hydrophobicity. This study is the first one which assessed the toxicity of a suite of PCBs and HO-PCBs using the bioluminescent assay Microtox(®), showing an inverse correlation between toxicity and hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Bhalla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Rouzbeh Tehrani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Benoit Van Aken
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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14
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Potential of non-ligninolytic fungi in bioremediation of chlorinated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. N Biotechnol 2015; 32:620-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Enhanced biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls by defined bacteria-yeast consortium. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-1023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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16
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Yang B, Xue N, Ding Q, Vogt RD, Zhou L, Li F, Wu G, Zhang S, Zhou D, Liu B, Yan Y. Polychlorinated biphenyls removal from contaminated soils using a transportable indirect thermal dryer unit: implications for emissions. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 114:84-92. [PMID: 25113187 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An assessment in China of the application of a transportable indirect thermal dryer unit for the remediation of soils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) demonstrated that it is well suited to remove PCBs from soils. A remarkable reduction of total PCBs in soils from 163-770 μg g(-1) to 0.08-0.15 μg g(-1) was achieved. This represented removal efficiencies of greater than 99.9% and an approximate 100% removal of the toxic equivalent of the PCBs. Furthermore, the emissions to the atmosphere from the unit were in compliance with current PCBs regulations. In conclusion, remediation of PCBs-contaminated soils based on a transportable indirect thermal dryer unit appears to be a highly efficient and environmentally sound treatment technology that has huge implications for cleaning thousands of regionally dispersed sites of PCBs contamination in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Nandong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Qiong Ding
- Foreign Economic Cooperation Office, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Rolf David Vogt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Lingli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fasheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guanglong Wu
- Foreign Economic Cooperation Office, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Taizhou Academy of Environmental Science Design Research, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yunzhong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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17
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Tehrani R, Lyv MM, Van Aken B. Transformation of hydroxylated derivatives of 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl and 2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl by Burkholderia xenovorans LB400. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6346-53. [PMID: 23589238 PMCID: PMC3884070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-degrading bacterium, Burkholderia xenovorans LB400, was capable of transforming three hydroxylated derivatives of 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl (2,5-DCB) (2'-hydroxy- (2'-OH-), 3'-OH-, and 4'-OH-2,5-DCB) when biphenyl was used as the carbon source (i.e., biphenyl pathway-inducing condition), although only 2'-OH-2,5-DCB was transformed when the bacterium was growing on succinate (i.e., condition non-inductive of the biphenyl pathway). On the contrary, hydroyxlated derivatives of 2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl (2,4,6-TCB) (2'-OH-, 3'-OH-, and 4'-OH-2,4,6-TCB) were not significantly transformed by B. xenovorans LB400, regardless of the carbon source used. Gene expression analyses showed a clear correlation between the transformation of OH-2,5-DCBs and expression of genes of the biphenyl pathway. The PCB metabolite, 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,5-DCBA), was produced following the transformation of OH-2,5-DCBs. 2,5-DCBA was not further transformed by B. xenovorans LB400. The present study is significant because it provides evidence that PCB-degrading bacteria are capable of transforming hydroxylated derivatives of PCBs, which are increasingly considered as a new class of environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benoit Van Aken
- Corresponding author phone: 215-204-7087; fax: 215-204-4696;
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18
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Tehrani R, Van Aken B. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment: sources, fate, and toxicities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6334-45. [PMID: 23636595 PMCID: PMC3812322 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1742-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) are produced in the environment by the oxidation of PCBs through a variety of mechanisms, including metabolic transformation in living organisms and abiotic reactions with hydroxyl radicals. As a consequence, OH-PCBs have been detected in a wide range of environmental samples, including animal tissues, water, and sediments. OH-PCBs have recently raised serious environmental concerns because they exert a variety of toxic effects at lower doses than the parent PCBs and they are disruptors of the endocrine system. Although evidence about the widespread dispersion of OH-PCBs in various compartments of the ecosystem has accumulated, little is currently known about their biodegradation and behavior in the environment. OH-PCBs are, today, increasingly considered as a new class of environmental contaminants that possess specific chemical, physical, and biological properties not shared with the parent PCBs. This article reviews recent findings regarding the sources, fate, and toxicities of OH-PCBs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Van Aken
- Corresponding author phone: 215-204-7087; fax: 215-204-4696;
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19
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Martins TM, Núñez O, Gallart-Ayala H, Leitão MC, Galceran MT, Silva Pereira C. New branches in the degradation pathway of monochlorocatechols by Aspergillus nidulans: a metabolomics analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 268:264-72. [PMID: 24509097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A collective view of the degradation of monochlorocatechols in fungi is yet to be attained, though these compounds are recognised as key degradation intermediates of numerous chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, including monochlorophenols. In the present contribution we have analysed the degradation pathways of monochlorophenols in Aspergillus nidulans using essentially metabolomics. Degradation intermediates herein identified included those commonly reported (e.g. 3-chloro-cis,cis-muconate) but also compounds never reported before in fungi revealing for 4-chlorocatechol and for 3-chlorocatechol unknown degradation paths yielding 3-chlorodienelactone and catechol, respectively. A different 3-chlorocatechol degradation path led to accumulation of 2-chloromuconates (a potential dead-end), notwithstanding preliminary evidence of chloromuconolactones and protoanemonin simultaneous formation. In addition, some transformation intermediates, of which sulfate conjugates of mono-chlorophenols/chlorocatechols were the most common, were also identified. This study provides critical information for understanding the role of fungi in the degradation of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons; furthering their utility in the development of innovative bioremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Oscar Núñez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Cristina Leitão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Galceran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Silva Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
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20
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Novel insights into the fungal oxidation of monoaromatic and biarylic environmental pollutants by characterization of two new ring cleavage enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:5043-53. [PMID: 23400446 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The phenol-degrading yeast Trichosporon mucoides can oxidize and detoxify biarylic environmental pollutants such as dibenzofuran, diphenyl ether and biphenyl by ring cleavage. The degradation pathways are well investigated, but the enzymes involved are not. The high similarity of hydroxylated biphenyl derivatives and phenol raised the question if the enzymes of the phenol degradation are involved in ring cleavage or whether specific enzymes are necessary. Purification of enzymes from T. mucoides with catechol cleavage activity demonstrated the existence of three different enzymes: a classical catechol-1,2-dioxygenase (CDO), not able to cleave the aromatic ring system of 3,4-dihydroxybiphenyl, and two novel enzymes with a high affinity towards 3,4-dihydroxybiphenyl. The comparison of the biochemical characteristics and mass spectrometric sequence data of these three enzymes demonstrated that they have different substrate specificities. CDO catalyzes the ortho-cleavage of dihydroxylated monoaromatic compounds, while the two novel enzymes carry out a similar reaction on biphenyl derivatives. The ring fission of 3,4-dihydroxybiphenyl by the purified enzymes results in the formation of (5-oxo-3-phenyl-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)acetic acid. These results suggest that the ring cleavage enzymes catalyzing phenol degradation are not involved in the ring cleavage of biarylic compounds by this yeast, although some intermediates of the phenol metabolism may function as inducers.
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Abstract
Biotransformation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may be affected by many factors such as biostimulation and bioaugmentation whether beneficial or not. Served as natural healthy medical stone, feed additive and also filters for their adsorption capability in water purification function, was used widely in China. In this paper, PCB 118 was selected as typical polychlorinated biphenyl to study maifanite additive influence on the degradating efficiency of marine fungi for POPs. The results of controlled trials by two penicillium fungus showed thatthe degradation rates of PCB 118 were higher with maifanite as promoting additive than mediums without maifanite. Significant differences were found in further analysis of zeta potential of maifanite in solutions from pH 2 to pH 9 suggesting different adsorption capability of maifanite at different pH levels.
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22
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Yin Y, Guo J, Zheng L, Tian L, Wang X. Capability of polychlorinated biophenyl (PCBs) degrading fungi segregated from sediments. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Tigini V, Prigione V, Di Toro S, Fava F, Varese GC. Isolation and characterisation of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrading fungi from a historically contaminated soil. Microb Cell Fact 2009; 8:5. [PMID: 19138404 PMCID: PMC2636759 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-8-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread toxic pollutants. Bioremediation might be an effective, cost competitive and environment-friendly solution for remediating environmental matrices contaminated by PCBs but it is still unsatisfactory, mostly for the limited biodegradation potential of bacteria involved in the processes. Very little is known about mitosporic fungi potential in PCB bioremediation and their occurrence in actual site historically contaminated soils. In the present study, we characterised the native mycoflora of an aged dump site soil contaminated by about 0.9 g kg-1 of Aroclor 1260 PCBs and its changing after aerobic biotreatment with a commercial complex source of bacteria and fungi. Fungi isolated from the soil resulting from 120 days of treatment were screened for their ability to adsorb or metabolise 3 target PCBs. Results The original contaminated soil contained low loads of few fungal species mostly belonging to the Scedosporium, Penicillium and Aspergillus genera. The fungal load and biodiversity generally decreased throughout the aerobic treatment. None of the 21 strains isolated from the treated soil were able to grow on biphenyl (200 mg L-1) or a mixture of 2-chlorobiphenyl, 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (20 mg L-1 each) as sole carbon sources. However, 16 of them grew in a mineral medium containing the same PCBs mixture and glucose (10 g L-1). Five of the 6 isolates, which displayed the faster and more extensive growth under the latter conditions, were found to degrade the 3 PCBs apparently without the involvement of ligninolytic enzymes; they were identified as Penicillium chrysogenum, Scedosporium apiospermum, Penicillium digitatum and Fusarium solani. They are the first PCB degrading strains of such species reported so far in the literature. Conclusion The native mycoflora of the actual site aged heavily contaminated soil was mainly constituted by genera often reported as able to biodegrade organopollutants. It was generally remarkably reduced after the biotreatment, which however resulted in the selection of few mitosporic fungal species able to biodegrade PCBs. This is the first study in which an extensive characterisation of the cultivable indigenous mycoflora of an actual site aged PCB contaminated soil, as well as its changes upon soil bioremediation treatment, was conducted. Moreover, this is the first paper in which 5 strains ascribable to 4 mitosporic species able to biodegrade PCB are reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Tigini
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Turin, viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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24
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Furukawa K, Fujihara H. Microbial degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls: Biochemical and molecular features. J Biosci Bioeng 2008; 105:433-49. [PMID: 18558332 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.105.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Furukawa
- Depatment of Food and Bioscience, Faculty of Food and Nutrition, Beppu University, Beppu, Ohita 874-8501, Japan.
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25
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Aresta M, Dibenedetto A, Fragale C, Giannoccaro P, Pastore C, Zammiello D, Ferragina C. Thermal desorption of polychlorobiphenyls from contaminated soils and their hydrodechlorination using Pd- and Rh-supported catalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 70:1052-8. [PMID: 17850843 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports about a combined technology for soil remediation from PCBs using the thermal desorption technique coupled with the catalytic hydrogenation of recovered PCBs. The reactor is a bench scale rotating desorption furnace through which nitrogen is flushed and used as carrier gas of desorbed PCBs. The latter are condensed into an hexane or hexane-acetone (1:1 v/v) solution that is then hydrogenated using phosphate-supported Pd or Rh as catalyst. The analysis of the treated soil, under variable operative conditions (temperature and desorption time), shows that the total (99.8%) decontamination from PCBs occurs. The recovery yield of the desorbed PCBs is better than 75% and the subsequent hydrogenation reaches 63% of the collected PCBs in 5h or 100% in 12h.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aresta
- CIRCC, METEA Research Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Xu G, Li Y, Zheng W, Peng X, Li W, Yan Y. Mineralization of chlorpyrifos by co-culture of Serratia and Trichosporon spp. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 29:1469-73. [PMID: 17609859 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A bacterial strain (Serratia sp.) that could transform chlorpyrifos to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) and a TCP-mineralizing fungal strain (Trichosporon sp.) were isolated from activated sludge by enrichment culture technique. The fungus could also degrade 50 mg chlorpyrifos l(-1) within 7 days. Co-cultures completely mineralized 50 mg chlorpyrifos l(-1) within 18 h at 30 degrees C and pH 8 using a total inocula of 0.15 g biomass l(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, P.R. China
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