1
|
Zhou Y, Sun F, Wu X, Cao S, Guo X, Wang Q, Wang Y, Ji R. Formation and nature of non-extractable residues of emerging organic contaminants in humic acids catalyzed by laccase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154300. [PMID: 35271924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Formation of non-extractable residues (NERs) is the major fate of most environmental organic contaminants in soil, however, there is no direct evidence yet to support the assumed physical entrapment of NERs (i.e., type I NERs) inside soil humic substances. Here, we used 14C-radiotracer and silylation techniques to analyze NERs of six emerging and traditional organic contaminants formed in a suspension of humic acids (HA) under catalysis of the oxidative enzyme laccase. Laccase induced formation of both type I and covalently bound NERs (i.e., type II NERs) of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and tetrabromobisphenol A to a large extent, and of bisphenol S (BPS) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) to a less extent, while no induction for phenanthrene. The type I NERs were formed supposedly owing to laccase-induced alteration of primary (active groups) and secondary (conformation) structure of humic supramolecules, contributing surprisingly to large extents (23.5%-65.7%) to the total NERs, particularly for BPS and SMX, which both were otherwise not transformed by laccase catalysis. Electron-withdrawing sulfonyl group and bromine substitution significantly decreased amount and kinetics of NER formation, respectively. This study provides the first direct evidence for the formation of type I NERs in humic substances and implies a "Trojan horse" effect of such NERs in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Qilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000 Quanzhou, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000 Quanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu X, Yao Y, Wang L, Zhou D, Sun F, Chen J, Corvini PFX, Ji R. Synthesis of typical sulfonamide antibiotics with [ 14C]- and [ 13C]-labeling on the phenyl ring for use in environmental studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EUROPE 2022; 34:23. [PMID: 35300122 PMCID: PMC8904343 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-022-00598-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their widespread use, sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants and thus a cause of public concern. However, a complete understanding of the behavior of these pollutants in complex environmental systems has been hampered by the unavailability and high cost of isotopically labeled SAs. RESULTS Using commercially available uniformly [14C]- and [13C]-labeled aniline as starting materials, we synthesized [phenyl-ring-14C]- and [phenyl-ring-13C]-labeled sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfamonomethoxine (SMM), and sulfadiazine (SDZ) in four-step (via the condensation of labeled N-acetylsulfanilyl chloride and aminoheterocycles) or five-step (via the condensation of labeled N-acetylsulfonamide and chloroheterocycles) reactions, with good yields (5.0-22.5% and 28.1-54.1% for [14C]- and [13C]-labeled SAs, respectively) and high purities (> 98.0%). CONCLUSION The synthesis of [14C]-labeled SAs in milligram amounts enables the preparation of labeled SAs with high specific radioactivity. The efficient and feasible methods described herein can be applied to the production of a variety of [14C]- or [13C]-labeled SAs for studies on their environmental behavior, including the fate, transformation, and bioaccumulation of these antibiotics in soils and aqueous systems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12302-022-00598-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Dashun Zhou
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Philippe Francois-Xavier Corvini
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu H, Chen Z, Sheng F, Ling J, Jin X, Wang C, Gu C. Characterization for the transformation of dissolved organic matters during ultraviolet disinfection by differential absorbance spectroscopy. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125374. [PMID: 31759217 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during various disinfection processes has raised great concerns due to the generation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs). Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is an effective method for drinking water disinfection, during which DOM undergoes changes in functional groups and molecular weight. In this study, the spectrophotometric titration and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) determination were employed to investigate the changes in oxygenated groups and weight-averaged molecular weight (Mw) of two typical DOM during UV irradiation. The differential absorbance spectra (DAS) of DOM could be deconvoluted into six Gaussian bands. The change of relative band intensity was attributed to the change of oxygenated groups (carboxylic and phenolic groups), which was confirmed by combining DAS data and revised Non-Ideal Competitive Adsorption -Donnan model. The GPC result demonstrated that the Mw of DOM decreased after UV disinfection. Moreover, a linear correlation between Mw and the intensity of deconvoluted Gaussian band from DAS was established, which might be served as an alternative approach to estimate Mw and predict the hydrophobicity and DBPs formation potential of DOM in drinking water treatment and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhanghao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Feng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jingyi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo X, Liu Y, Sun F, Zhou D, Guo R, Dong T, Chen Y, Ji R, Chen J. Fate of 14C-bisphenol F isomers in an oxic soil and the effects of earthworm. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:254-261. [PMID: 30543974 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) pollution in environment increased, but the studies on its fate and uptake in soil-earthworm systems were limited. Using 14C-tracers, environmental fate of BPF isomers in an oxic rice soil with/without earthworm Metaphire guillelmi was studied. After 59 days of incubation, mineralization increased in the order of 2,2'-BPF (18.7% ± 0.3% of the initial amount) < 2,4'-BPF (21.7% ± 0.2%) < 4,4'-BPF (26.9% ± 0.1%). About 70% was converted to bound residues (BRs) and most of the BRs resided in the humin fraction by physical entrapment and ester-linkages. M. guillelmi decreased the mineralization and BRs of 4,4'-BPF in soil, indicating that earthworm increased the ecological risk of 4,4'-BPF. About 5.2% ± 0.1% of the initial amount was accumulated in M. guillelmi and mostly in gut. Considerable amounts of the accumulated 4,4'-BPF were present as earthworm-bound residues (earthworm-BRs). The elimination of 4,4'-BPF from M. guillelmi was very slow, and there was still 96.2% of the initial accumulated radioactivity presented in earthworm after 5 days of depuration. The results of this study firstly provide the isomer - specific partitioning of three BPF isomers in an oxic soil and the uptake and depuration of 4,4'-BPF in earthworm during soil incubation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dashun Zhou
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tailu Dong
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lipczynska-Kochany E. Humic substances, their microbial interactions and effects on biological transformations of organic pollutants in water and soil: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 202:420-437. [PMID: 29579677 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Depicted as large polymers by the traditional model, humic substances (HS) tend to be considered resistant to biodegradation. However, HS should be regarded as supramolecular associations of rather small molecules. There is evidence that they can be degraded not only by aerobic but also by anaerobic bacteria. HS presence alters biological transformations of organic pollutants in water and soil. HS, including humin, have a great potential for an application in aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment as well as in bioremediation. Black carbon materials, including char (biochar) and activated carbon (AC), long recognized effective sorbents, have been recently discovered to act as effective redox mediators (RM), which may significantly accelerate degradation of organic pollutants in a way similar to HS. Humic-like coating on the biochar surface has been identified. Explanation of mechanisms and possibility of applications of black carbon materials have only started to be explored. Results of many original and review papers, presented and discussed in this article, show an enormous potential for an interesting, multidisciplinary research as well as for a development of new, green technologies for biological wastewater treatment and bioremediation. Future research areas have been suggested.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Li X, Sun F, Corvini PFX, Ji R. Effects of Cu 2+ and humic acids on degradation and fate of TBBPA in pure culture of Pseudomonas sp. strain CDT. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 62:60-67. [PMID: 29289293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) has caused great concerns; however, the presence of heavy metals and soil organic matter on the biodegradation of TBBPA is still unclear. We isolated Pseudomonas sp. strain CDT, a TBBPA-degrading bacterium, from activated sludge and incubated it with 14C-labeled TBBPA for 87 days in the absence and presence of Cu2+ and humic acids (HA). TBBPA was degraded to organic-solvent extractable (59.4%±2.2%) and non-extractable (25.1%±1.3%) metabolites, mineralized to CO2 (4.8%±0.8%), and assimilated into cells (10.6%±0.9%) at the end of incubation. When Cu2+ was present, the transformation of extractable metabolites into non-extractable metabolites and mineralization were inhibited, possibly due to the toxicity of Cu2+ to cells. HA significantly inhibited both dissipation and mineralization of TBBPA and altered the fate of TBBPA in the culture by formation of HA-bound residues that amounted to 22.1%±3.7% of the transformed TBBPA. The inhibition from HA was attributed to adsorption of TBBPA and formation of bound residues with HA via reaction of reactive metabolites with HA molecules, which decreased bioavailability of TBBPA and metabolites in the culture. When Cu2+ and HA were both present, Cu2+ significantly promoted the HA inhibition on TBBPA dissipation but not on metabolite degradation. The results provide insights into individual and interactive effects of Cu2+ and soil organic matter on the biotransformation of TBBPA and indicate that soil organic matter plays an essential role in determining the fate of organic pollutants in soil and mitigating heavy metal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yini Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiangzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Phillippe Francois-Xavier Corvini
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang S, Cao S, Wang Y, Jiang B, Wang L, Sun F, Ji R. Fate and metabolism of the brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in rice cell suspension culture. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:299-306. [PMID: 27105166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is the brominated flame retardant with the highest production volume and its bioaccumulation in environment has caused both human health and environmental concerns, however the fate and metabolism of TBBPA in plants is unknown. We studied the fate, metabolites, and transformation of (14)C-labeled TBBPA in rice cell suspension culture. During the incubation for 14 days, TBBPA degradation occurred continuously in the culture, accompanied by formation of one anisolic metabolite [2,6-dibromo-4-(2-(2-hydroxy)-propyl)-anisole] (DBHPA) (50% of the degraded TBBPA) and cellular debris-bound residues (46.4%) as well as mineralization (3.6%). The cells continuously accumulated TBBPA in the cytoplasm, while a small amount of DBHPA (2.1% of the initially applied TBBPA) was detectable inside the cells only at the end of incubation. The majority of the accumulated residues in the cells was attributed to the cellular debris-bound residues, accounting for 70-79% of the accumulation after the first incubation day. About 5.4% of the accumulation was associated with cell organelles, which contributed 7.5% to the cellular debris-bound residues. Based on the fate and metabolism of TBBPA in the rice cell suspension culture, a type II ipso-substitution pathway was proposed to describe the initial step for TBBPA degradation in the culture and balance the fate of TBBPA in the cells. To the best of our knowledge, our study provides for the first time the insights into the fate and metabolism of TBBPA in plants and points out the potential role of type II ipso-hydroxylation substitution in degradation of alkylphenols in plants. Further studies are required to reveal the mechanisms for the bound-residue formation (e.g., binding of residues to specific cell wall components), nature of the binding, and toxicological effects of the bound residues and DBHPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Bingqi Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, No. 10, Huan Bei San Cun, 350013 Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng G, Chen T, Yu J, Gao D, Shen Y, Niu M, Liu H. Impact of composting strategies on the degradation of nonylphenol in sewage sludge. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:2081-2087. [PMID: 26452367 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol can be present in sewage sludge, and this can limit the use of the sewage sludge to amend soil. Composting is one of the most efficient and economical methods of making sewage sludge stable and harmless. The nonylphenol degradation rates during composting with added bulking agents and with aeration applied were studied. Three organic bulking agents (sawdust, corn stalk, and mushroom residue) were added to sewage sludge, and the effects of the bulking agents used and the amount added on nonylphenol degradation were determined. The highest apparent nonylphenol degradation rate (71.6%) was found for sewage sludge containing 20% mushroom residue. The lowest apparent nonylphenol degradation rate (22.5%) was found for sewage sludge containing 20% sawdust. The temperature of the composting pile of sewage sludge containing 20% sawdust became too high for nonylphenol to be efficiently degraded, and the apparent nonylphenol degradation rate was lower than was found for sewage sludge containing 10% sawdust. Increasing the ventilating time from 5 to 15 min increased the apparent nonylphenol degradation rate from 19.7 to 41.6%. Using appropriate aerobic conditions facilitates the degradation of nonylphenol in sewage sludge, decreasing the risks posed by sewage sludge applied to land. Adding too much of a bulking agent can decrease the amount of the nonylphenol degraded. Increasing the ventilating time and the amount of air supplied can increase the amount of nonylphenol degraded even if doing so causes the composting pile temperature to remain low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ding Gao
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujun Shen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mingjie Niu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li F, Wang J, Jiang B, Yang X, Nastold P, Kolvenbach B, Wang L, Ma Y, Corvini PFX, Ji R. Fate of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Formation of Ester- and Ether-Linked Bound Residues in an Oxic Sandy Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:12758-12765. [PMID: 26444952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bound-residue formation is a major dissipation process of most organic xenobiotics in soil. However, both the formation and nature of bound residues of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in soil are unclear. Using a 14C-tracer, we studied the fate of TBBPA in an oxic soil during 143 days of incubation. TBBPA dissipated with a half-life of 14.7 days; at the end of incubation, 19.6% mineralized and 66.5% formed bound residues. Eight extractable metabolites were detected, including TBBPA methyl ethers, single-ring bromophenols, and their methyl ethers. Bound residues (mostly bound to humin) rapidly formed during the first 35 days. The amount of those humin-bound residues then quickly decreased, whereas total bound residues decreased slowly. By contrast, residues bound to humic acids and fulvic acids increased continuously until a plateau was reached. Ester- and ether-linked residues accounted for 9.6-27.0% of total bound residues during the incubation, with ester linkages being predominant. Residues bound via ester linkages consisted of TBBPA, TBBPA monomethyl ether, and an unknown polar compound. Our results indicated that bound-residue formation is the major pathway of TBBPA dissipation in oxic soil and provide first insights into the chemical structure of the reversibly ester-linked bound residues of TBBPA and its metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Bingqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Peter Nastold
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland , Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Boris Kolvenbach
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland , Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Lianhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Yini Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Philippe François-Xavier Corvini
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland , Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li F, Jiang B, Nastold P, Kolvenbach BA, Chen J, Wang L, Guo H, Corvini PFX, Ji R. Enhanced transformation of tetrabromobisphenol a by nitrifiers in nitrifying activated sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:4283-4292. [PMID: 25754048 DOI: 10.1021/es5059007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The fate of the most commonly used brominated flame retardant, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), in wastewater treatment plants is obscure. Using a (14)C-tracer, we studied TBBPA transformation in nitrifying activated sludge (NAS). During the 31-day incubation, TBBPA transformation (half-life 10.3 days) was accompanied by mineralization (17% of initial TBBPA). Twelve metabolites, including those with single benzene ring, O-methyl TBBPA ether, and nitro compounds, were identified. When allylthiourea was added to the sludge to completely inhibit nitrification, TBBPA transformation was significantly reduced (half-life 28.9 days), formation of the polar and single-ring metabolites stopped, but O-methylation was not significantly affected. Abiotic experiments confirmed the generation of mono- and dinitro-brominated forms of bisphenol A in NAS by the abiotic nitration of TBBPA by nitrite, a product of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs). Three biotic (type II ipso-substitution, oxidative skeletal cleavage, and O-methylation) and one abiotic (nitro-debromination) pathways were proposed for TBBPA transformation in NAS. Apart from O-methylation, AOMs were involved in three other pathways. Our results are the first to provide information about the complex metabolism of TBBPA in NAS, and they are consistent with a determining role for nitrifiers in TBBPA degradation by initiating its cleavage into single-ring metabolites that are substrates for the growth of heterotrophic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Bingqi Jiang
- ‡Fujian Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, No. 10, Huan Bei San Cun, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Peter Nastold
- §Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Boris Alexander Kolvenbach
- §Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- ∥Department of Environmental Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjia Alley 24, 210009 Nanjing, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- †State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- †State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Philippe François-Xavier Corvini
- †State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
- §Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, Muttenz CH-4132, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- †State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gutman J, Kaufman Y, Kawahara K, Walker SL, Freger V, Herzberg M. Interactions of glycosphingolipids and lipopolysaccharides with silica and polyamide surfaces: adsorption and viscoelastic properties. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2128-37. [PMID: 24835578 DOI: 10.1021/bm500245z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane components play a critical role in bacteria-surface interactions (adhesion and repulsion). Sphingomonas species (spp.) differ from other Gram-negative bacteria in that they lack lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in their outer membrane. Instead, Sphingomonas spp. outer membrane consists of glycosphingolipids (GSLs). To delineate the properties of the outer membrane of Sphingomonas spp. and to explain the adhesion of these cells to surfaces, we employed a single-component-based approach of comparing GSL vesicles to LPS vesicles. This is the first study to report the formation of vesicles containing 100% GSL. Significant physicochemical differences between GSL and LPS vesicles are reported. Composition-dependent vesicle adherence to different surfaces using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) technology was observed, where higher GSL content resulted in higher mass accumulation on the sensor. Additionally, the presence of 10% GSL and above was found to promote the relative rigidity of the vesicle obtaining viscoelastic ratio of 30-70% higher than that of pure LPS vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenia Gutman
- Department of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu J, Shan J, Jiang B, Wang L, Yu B, Chen J, Guo H, Ji R. Degradation and bound-residue formation of nonylphenol in red soil and the effects of ammonium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 186:83-89. [PMID: 24368312 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fate of nonylphenol (NP) in soils and the effects of nitrogen fertilizers are unclear. Using (14)C-tracer, we studied the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of 4-NP111 in a paddy red soil amended without and with ammonium chloride. Under oxic conditions, 4-NP111 had a half-life of 16.1 ± 1.6 days and minor mineralization (3.84 ± 0.02%), forming no extractable metabolite but abundant bound residues (60.9 ± 1.7%, mostly bound to humin) after 49 days of incubation. The ammonium amendment (8 mmol/kg soil) significantly inhibited the degradation (half-life of 68.0 ± 7.7 days), mineralization (2.0 ± 1.1%), and bound-residue formation (23.7 ± 0.2%). Under anoxic conditions, 4-NP111 did not degrade during 49 days of incubation and the ammonium amendment (40 mmol/kg soil) did not affect its persistence. Our results demonstrate that bound-residue formation was a major mechanism for NP dissipation in the red soil under oxic conditions and that chemical nitrogen fertilizer at average field application rate may already considerably increase NP recalcitrance in agricultural soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Bingqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjia Alley 24, 210009 Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, 210093 Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, 210023 Nanjing, China; Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, 210093 Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shchegolikhina A, Marschner B. Effects of sterile storage, cation saturation and substrate additions on the degradability and extractability of nonylphenol and phenanthrene in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2195-2202. [PMID: 24011898 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of long-term abiotic processes during aging of organic pollutants in soil on their microbial degradability and formation of non-extractable residues. The specific aims of our study were to investigate how the fate of p353-nonylphenol (NP) and phenanthrene (Phe) in soils might be affected by: (i) saturation of soil by cations with different valency (Na(+), Ca(2+) or Al(3+)), (ii) addition of organic substrate (wood flour) during incubation period and (iii) different soil moisture levels. This study showed positive effect of long-term aging of sterilized samples on respiration of re-inoculated samples. However, the lack of aging effects on the mineralization of NP and Phe indicates that slow sorption processes by diffusion into less bioaccessible domains were not relevant in studied soils. Similarly, the lower respiration and xenobiotic mineralization rates in the Na(+) and Al(3+) treated soils indicate that this is due to toxic effects on microbial activity and not due to xenobiotic accessibility. Instead, the formation of non-extractable residues was strongly promoted by biological activity, most likely through formation of more reactive metabolites. The addition of wood flour greatly stimulated microbial respiration and enhanced NP mineralization while inhibiting that of Phe. Along with negligible effect of water addition after 4 weeks of incubation on kinetics of soil respiration, the soil moisture effect on xenobiotics mineralization indicates that most probably the bioavailability of NP and Phe increased due to bridging role of water films in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Shchegolikhina
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Ecology, Geographical Institute, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Riefer P, Klausmeyer T, Adams A, Schmidt B, Schäffer A, Schwarzbauer J. Incorporation mechanisms of a branched nonylphenol isomer in soil-derived organo-clay complexes during a 180-day experiment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:7155-7162. [PMID: 23713749 DOI: 10.1021/es304579s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation process of a defined (13)C- and (14)C-labeled nonylphenol isomer (4-(3,5-dimethylhept-3-yl)phenol) into soil-derived organo-clay complexes was investigated. Isolated organo-clay complexes were separated into humic subfractions. Noninvasive ((13)C-CP/MAS NMR) and invasive methods (sequential chemical degradation, pyrolysis) were applied to obtain detailed information about the mode of incorporation, chemical structure, and change of the incorporation character of nonextractable residues in course of incubation. (13)C-CP/MAS NMR measurements of humic acids revealed an increasing incorporation of phenolic compounds during the experimental time which was referred to residues of the introduced (13)C-labeled NP isomer. Detailed investigations by means of sequential chemical degradation indicated a predominant incorporation of nonextractable NP isomer residues via reversible ester (amide) bonds. In course of time, the amount of releasable compounds decreased, pointing to altering processes which affected the mode of incorporation. BBr3-treatment, RuO4 oxidation, and thermochemolysis released only low portions of nonextractable radioactivity giving evidence of strongly incorporated residues. With the comprehensive application of complementary methods (e.g., humic matter fractionation, (13)C-CP/MAS NMR, sequential chemical degradation) it was possible to provide a comparatively detailed insight into the incorporation behavior of the applied NP isomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Riefer
- Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kolvenbach B, Corvini PX. The degradation of alkylphenols by Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 – a review on seven years of research. N Biotechnol 2012; 30:88-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Li C, Zhang B, Ertunc T, Schaeffer A, Ji R. Birnessite-induced binding of phenolic monomers to soil humic substances and nature of the bound residues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:8843-8850. [PMID: 22834893 DOI: 10.1021/es3018732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The nature of the abiotic birnessite (δ-MnO(2))-catalyzed transformation products of phenolic compounds in the presence of soil organic matter is crucial for understanding the fate and stability of ubiquitous phenolic carbon in the environment. (14)C-radioactive and (13)C-stable-isotope tracers were used to study the mineralization and transformation by δ-MnO(2) of two typical humus and lignin phenolic monomers--catechol and p-coumaric acid--in the presence and absence of agricultural and forest soil humic acids (HAs) at pH 5-8. Mineralization decreased with increasing solution pH, and catechol was markedly more mineralized than p-coumaric acid. In the presence of HAs, the mineralization was strongly reduced, and considerable amounts of phenolic residues were bound to the HAs, independent of the solution pH. The HA-bound residues were homogeneously distributed within the humic molecules, and most still contained the unchanged aromatic ring as revealed by (13)C NMR analysis, indicating that the residues were probably bound via ester or ether bonds. The study provides important information on δ-MnO(2) stimulation of phenolic carbon binding to humic substances and the molecular distribution and chemical structure of the bound residues, which is essential for understanding the environmental fates of both naturally occurring and anthropogenic phenolic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Li
- Biology 5, Environmental Biology and Chemodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ho L, Sawade E, Newcombe G. Biological treatment options for cyanobacteria metabolite removal--a review. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:1536-1548. [PMID: 22133838 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of cyanobacterial metabolites can consume many resources for water authorities which can be problematic especially with the recent shift away from chemical- and energy-intensive processes towards carbon and climate neutrality. In recent times, there has been a renaissance in biological treatment, in particular, biological filtration processes, for cyanobacteria metabolite removal. This in part, is due to the advances in molecular microbiology which has assisted in further understanding the biodegradation processes of specific cyanobacteria metabolites. However, there is currently no concise portfolio which captures all the pertinent information for the biological treatment of a range of cyanobacterial metabolites. This review encapsulates all the relevant information to date in one document and provides insights into how biological treatment options can be implemented in treatment plants for optimum cyanobacterial metabolite removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Ho
- Australian Water Quality Centre, South Australian Water Corporation, 250 Victoria Square, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li C, Ji R, Schäffer A, Sequaris JM, Amelung W, Vereecken H, Klumpp E. Sorption of a branched nonylphenol and perfluorooctanoic acid on Yangtze River sediments and their model components. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:2653-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2em30394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
19
|
Shan J, Jiang B, Yu B, Li C, Sun Y, Guo H, Wu J, Klumpp E, Schäffer A, Ji R. Isomer-specific degradation of branched and linear 4-nonylphenol isomers in an oxic soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:8283-8289. [PMID: 21823570 DOI: 10.1021/es200224c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using (14)C- and (13)C-ring-labeling, degradation of five p-nonylphenol (4-NP) isomers including four branched (4-NP(38), 4-NP(65), 4-NP(111), and 4-NP(112)) and one linear (4-NP(1)) isomers in a rice paddy soil was studied under oxic conditions. Degradation followed an availability-adjusted first-order kinetics with the decreasing order of half-life 4-NP(111) (10.3 days) > 4-NP(112) (8.4 days) > 4-NP(65) (5.8 days) > 4-NP(38) (2.1 days) > 4-NP(1) (1.4 days), which is in agreement with the order of their reported estrogenicities. One metabolite of 4-NP(111) with less polarity than the parent compound occurred rapidly and remained stable in the soil. At the end of incubation (58 days), bound residues of 4-NP(111) amounted to 54% of the initially applied radioactivity and resided almost exclusively in the humin fraction of soil organic matter, in which chemically humin-bound residues increased over incubation. Our results indicate an increase of specific estrogenicity of the remaining 4-NPs in soil as a result of the isomer-specific degradation and therefore underline the importance of understanding the individual fate (including degradation, metabolism, and bound-residue formation) of isomers for risk assessment of 4-NPs in soil. 4-NP(1) should not be used as a representative of 4-NPs for studies on their environmental behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210046 Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li C, Berns AE, Schäffer A, Séquaris JM, Vereecken H, Ji R, Klumpp E. Effect of structural composition of humic acids on the sorption of a branched nonylphenol isomer. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:409-414. [PMID: 21524780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
By using dialysis equilibrium experiments, the sorption of a branched nonylphenol isomer [4-(1-ethyl-1,3-dimethylpentyl)-phenol] (NP111) on various humic acids (HAs) isolated from river sediments and two reference HAs was studied. The HAs were characterized by solid-state (13)C direct polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C DP/MAS NMR) spectroscopy. Sorption isotherms of NP111 on HAs were described by a linear model. The organic carbon-normalized sorption coefficient (K(OC)) ranged from 2.3×10(3) to 1.5×10(4)Lkg(-1). Interestingly, a clear correlation between K(OC) value and alkyl C content was observed, indicating that the aliphaticity of HAs markedly dominates the sorption of NP111. These new mechanistic insights about the NP111 sorption indicate that the fate of nonylphenols in soil or sediment depends not only on the content of HA, but also on its structural composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Li
- Institute Agrosphere, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gregson TJ, Herbert JM, Row EC. Synthetic approaches to regiospecifically mono- and dilabelled arenes. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
22
|
Cirja M, Hommes G, Ivashechkin P, Prell J, Schäffer A, Corvini PFX, Lenz M. Impact of bio-augmentation with Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 in membrane bioreactors degrading nonylphenol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 84:183-9. [PMID: 19495744 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential of bio-augmentation to improve the degradation of recalcitrant nonylphenol during the wastewater treatment in membrane bioreactors (MBR). One MBR containing activated sludge was bio-augmented using multistep inoculation with freeze dried Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3, whereas a second control reactor contained activated sludge solely. The (14)C-labeled-nonylphenol isomer (4-[1-ethyl-1,3-dimethylpentyl]phenol) was applied as a single pulse. Bio-augmentation resulted in an immediate increase of dissolved radioactivity in the effluent in comparison to the control reactor (13% and 2% of initially applied radioactivity after 1 day, respectively). After 5 days of operation, the retentate of the bio-augmented reactor contained only 7% of the initial radioactivity in contrast to 50% in the control reactor. The radioactivity associated to the mixed liquor suspended solids, i.e., the suspension of biomass and other solids on the retentate side of the membrane, was mainly found as non-extractable residues that were increasingly formed during prolonged reactor operation, especially for the control MBR. HPLC-LSC and GC-MS(n) analyses revealed that the bio-augmented reactor produced more polar hydroquinone as main degradation intermediate, whereas the control reactor effluent contained a complex mixture of apolar compounds with shortened oxidized alkyl chains. Thus, the apparent differences in the behavior of nonylphenol between the reactors were due to the catabolism of nonylphenol conferred by bio-augmentation with Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cirja
- Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Biology and Chemodynamics (BioV), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu Q, Ji R, Hommes G, Schäffer A, Corvini PFX. Fate of a branched nonylphenol isomer in submerged paddy soils amended with nitrate. WATER RESEARCH 2008; 42:4802-4808. [PMID: 18814898 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 08/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Using a (14)C-labelled branched isomer of NP, the fate of NP was studied in two flooded typical paddy soils under anoxic conditions. Biodegradation of NP occurred under anoxic conditions and was accompanied by the production of polar metabolites and bound residues in alkaline soil extract and humin. The addition of nitrate (20mM) increased the degradation of NP in both soils, especially in soil derived from silt loam deposit, which contained high amounts of organic matter. Less than 1% NP mineralization was detected as free CO(2) in both soils, whereas up to 30, 21, 31% of NP residues comprised at least two polar metabolites, those extractable from humic substances and from the humin fraction, respectively. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of DNA extract of the soil microorganisms hinted differences of microbial community between soils with different degradation rates of NP. The present study provides for the first time information about the fate of a branched nonylphenol isomer in submerged soils amended with nitrate. The production of high amounts of polar metabolites under anoxic conditions suggests the necessity of also considering the fate and possible effects of the degradation products of NP in anoxic environment such as in waterlogged soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Institute of Soil Science, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Characterization of 4-nonylphenol-degrading bacterial consortium obtained from a textile wastewater pretreatment plant. Arch Microbiol 2008; 190:673-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-008-0419-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|