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Feng G, Cao J, Chen H, Meng XZ, Duan Z. Potential gap in understanding cyanoHABs: Light-dependent morphological variations in colonial cyanobacterium Microcystis. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 134:102622. [PMID: 38705618 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Colony formation is a crucial characteristic of Microcystis, a cyanobacterium known for causing cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs). It has been observed that as Microcystis colonies grow larger, they often become less densely packed, which correlates with a decrease in light penetration. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of light limitation on the morphological variations in Microcystis, particularly in relation to the crowded cellular environment. The results indicated that when there was sufficient light (transmittance = 100 %) to support a growth rate of 0.11±0.01 day-1, a significant increase in colony size was found, from 466±15 μm to 1030±111 μm. However, under light limitation (transmittance = 50 % - 1 %) where the growth rate was lower than 0, there was no significant improvement in colony size. Microcystis in the light limitation groups exhibited a loose cell arrangement and even the presence of holes or pores within the colony, confirming the negative correlation between colony size and cell arrangement. This pattern is driven by regional differences in growth within the colony, as internal cells have a significantly lower frequency of division compared to peripheral cells, due to intra-colony self-shading (ICSS). The research demonstrates that Microcystis can adjust its cell arrangement to avoid excessive self-shading, which has implications for predicting and controlling cyanoHABs. These findings also contribute to the understanding of cyanobacterial variations and can potentially inform future research on the diverse phycosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Huaimin Chen
- School of Materials Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Industry Technology, 28 Mingxinzhong Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiang-Zhou Meng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhipeng Duan
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
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2
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Zhang D, Wang Y, Yang H, Lan S, Chen C, Dai B, Wang C, Li X, Xie Y. Using intermittent moving aeration to repair hypereutrophic pond: nutrient removal efficiency and microbial diversity analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:46697-46710. [PMID: 36723838 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel perspective on the control of eutrophication by moving aeration through a ten-month pilot field study. Moving aeration significantly reduced the relative abundance of class Cyanobacteria by 14.01%, effectively preventing cyanobacteria from predominating in the overlying water. As a result, the deposition of TOC, N, and P in the surface of the sediment decreased by 90%, 73%, and 93% in comparison to the control group. The analysis of microbial community structure based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the order Bacillales and Micrococcales contributed to nitrogen removal significantly increased by 19.44% and 3.94%, respectively, while the order Steroidobacterales, Rhizobiales, and Microtrichales involved in the immobilization of carbon and nitrogen were significantly decreased by 4.03%, 2.69%, and 2.3% in the aeration group, respectively. Variation in the number of functional microorganisms based on the MPN method revealed that moving aeration promoted the growth of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. These findings demonstrated that moving aeration is effective in repairing eutrophic water and eliminating endogenous N pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- Chengdu Operation Center for Environmental Emergencies, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhuan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Biying Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Li D, Wang Y, Song X, Jiang M, Zhao X, Cao X. The inhibitory effects of simulated light sources on the activity of algae cannot be ignored in photocatalytic inhibition. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136611. [PMID: 36179922 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) destroy the balance of the aquatic ecosystem, causing huge economic losses and even further endangers human health. In addition to traditional methods of algae removal, photocatalytic inhibition of algae is drawing more and more interests with rich application scenarios and considerable potential. Simulated visible light sources are used to excite photocatalytic materials and optimize their performance. However, most of the light irradiation intensities used in the study exceeded 50 mW/cm2. And the effects of intense light irradiation conditions on algal growth have rarely been addressed in previous studies. So we focused on the effect of different intensity of light irradiation on the growth of algae. We explored the relationship between light irradiation intensity and algal inactivation rate, and investigated the changes in ROS levels in algal cells under different light irradiation and the resulting response of the antioxidant system. We have found that several major antioxidant enzyme activities, such as SOD and CAT, were significantly higher and lipid peroxidation products (MDA) were accumulating. Intense light irradiation had the most direct effect on the photosynthetic system of algal cells, with the photosynthetic rate and relative electron transfer rate decaying to almost 0 within 30 min, indicating that algal photosynthesis was inhibited in a fairly short period of time. We further observed the physiological and morphological changes of algal cells during this process using TEM and found that the progressive dissolution of the cell membrane system and the damage of organelles associated with photosynthesis play a major role in promoting cell death. We thus conclude that light irradiation has a significant effect on the physiological activity of algal cells and is a non-negligible factor in the study of photocatalytic removal of harmful algae. It will provide theoretical guidance for the future study of photocatalysis on algae inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongpeng Li
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Mengqi Jiang
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhao
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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4
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Potential of Floating Photovoltaic Technology and Their Effects on Energy Output, Water Quality and Supply in Jordan. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14248417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, floating photovoltaic systems were experimentally studied under Jordan’s weather conditions to determine their effects on energy output, water quality and supply. A limited number of studies have addressed the effect of floating photovoltaic systems on water quality and evaporation reduction especially in a semi-arid region like Jordan. Energy measurements were taken from August 2020 to January 2021 using an Arduino board with data logging sensors. Water quality parameters were tested for collected samples on a monthly basis from August 2020 to February 2021 using a spectrophotometer. Results revealed that the floating panel temperature was lower than the ground-mounted counterpart. An average increase of 1.68% in voltage and 4.40% in current were observed for the floating panel compared to the ground-mounted panel which translates to an average increase of 5.33% in power generation over the ground-mounted panel. Furthermore, efficiency and fill factor increased by 4.89% and 5.51%, respectively. Evaporation results showed that covering water bodies with panels can save a considerable amount of water. Over a period of 30 days, the 30% coverage pan saved 31.2% (36 mm) of water while the 50% coverage pan saved 54.5% (63 mm) of water in the same period compared to the uncovered pan. Moreover, this study involved examining the effect of shading caused by the floating structure on water quality. Results showed a reduction in pH, improvement in transparency, and an increase in total organic carbon indicating water quality enhancement and algal biomass reduction. However, due to the respiration of algae, the dissolved oxygen declined significantly, accompanied by the release of phosphate due to algae decomposition. Overall, findings of this research provided better understanding of floating photovoltaic systems and their applicability in Jordan to provide a safe and reliable supply of water and energy. Additionally, such systems can help to diversify the energy mix and help Jordan to alleviate some of the problems associated with limited energy and water resources.
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Lee S, Ahn CH, Kim EJ, Park JR, Joo JC. Growth inhibition of harmful algae using TiO 2-embedded expanded polystyrene balls in the hypereutrophic stream. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:123172. [PMID: 32768846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
TiO2-embedded expanded polystyrene (TiO2EPS) balls were produced in large quantities using continuous manufacturing plants and four processes (i.e., fixing-coating-freeze drying-air drying). Two mesocosms [i.e., a photocatalytic zone (PZ) vs. a control zone (CZ)] and in-situ real-time monitoring device were installed to monitor the water quality within the hypereutrophic stream and to elucidate the long-term effect of TiO2EPS balls on the growth inhibition of harmful algae for two years (i.e., 2016-2017). The difference in the concentrations of both Chl-a and phycocyanin between CZ and PZ was temporally variable and was significant from August to October with higher solar irradiation levels. Although the effective depth of TiO2EPS balls varied as a complex function of the photocatalytic reactions of TiO2EPS balls and various environmental factors, the photooxidation effect of TiO2EPS balls decreased with the increase in water depth and the effective water depth for growth inhibition was less than 0.5 m. Compare to bimodal distributions in concentrations of both Chl-a and phycocyanin in CZ, both shifted and lowered peaks were mainly due to the photocatalytic degradation and irradiation shading under natural solar irradiation by applying TiO2EPS balls in hypereutrophic water body. Consequently, the TiO2EPS balls developed in this study can prevent both growth and reproduction of harmful algae in hypereutrophic water body, regardless of the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeromi Lee
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyuk Ahn
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 10223, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Kim
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Roh Park
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chul Joo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanbat National University, 34158, Republic of Korea.
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Adsorption Strategy for Removal of Harmful Cyanobacterial Species Microcystis aeruginosa Using Chitosan Fiber. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12114587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa is one of the predominant species responsible for cyanobacterial-harmful algal blooms (Cyano-HABs) in water bodies. Cyano-HABs pose a growing number of serious threats to the environment and public health. Therefore, the demand for developing safe and eco-friendly solutions to control Cyano-HABs is increasing. In the present study, the adsorptive strategy using chitosan was applied to remove M. aeruginosa cells from aqueous phases. Using a simple immobilization process, chitosan could be fabricated as a fiber sorbent (chitosan fiber, CF). By application of CF, almost 89% of cyanobacterial cells were eliminated, as compared to those in the control group. Field emission scanning electron microscopy proved that the M. aeruginosa cells were mainly attached to the surface of the sorbent, which was correlated well with the measurement of the surface area of the fiber. We tested the hypothesis that massive applications of the fabricated CF to control Cyano-HABs might cause environmental damage. However, the manufactured CF displayed negligible toxicity. Moreover, we observed that the release of cyanotoxins and microcystins (MCs), during the removal process using CF, could be efficiently prevented by a firm attachment of the M. aeruginosa cells without cell lysis. Our results suggest the possibility of controlling Cyano-HABs using a fabricated CF as a non-toxic and eco-friendly agent for scaled-up applications.
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7
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Song Y, Zhang LL, Li J, Chen M, Zhang YW. Mechanism of the influence of hydrodynamics on Microcystis aeruginosa, a dominant bloom species in reservoirs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:230-239. [PMID: 29705435 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic conditions play a key role in algal blooms, which have become an increasing threat to aquatic environments, especially reservoirs. Microcystis aeruginosa is a dominant species in algal blooms in reservoirs and releases large amounts of algal toxins during algal bloom events. The algal growth characteristics and the corresponding mechanism of the influence of hydrodynamic conditions were explored using custom hydraulic rotating devices. The long-term experimental results were as follows: (1) a moderate flow velocity increased the algal growth rate and prolonged algal lifetime relative to static water; (2) moderate water turbulence promoted energy metabolism and nutrient absorbance in algal cells; (3) moderate shear stress reduced oxidation levels in algal cells and improved algal cell morphology; (4) under hydrodynamic treatment, algal cell deformation was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a high shear stress of 0.0104 Pa induced by a flow of 0.5 m/s may have destroyed cell morphology and disturbed reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism; (5) algal cell morphology evaluation (including circle ratio, eccentricity, diameter increasing rate, and deformation rate) was established; (6) based on algal growth status and specific effects, five independent intervals (including 'positive-promotion', 'middle-promotion', 'negative-promotion', 'transition', and 'inhibition') and the hydrodynamic threshold system (including flow velocity, turbulent dissipation, and shear stress) were established; and (7) for M. aeruginosa, the optimum flow velocity was 0.24 m/s, and the static-equivalent flow velocity was 0.47 m/s. These results provide a basic summary of the hydrodynamic effects on algal growth and a useful reference for the control of M. aeruginosa blooms in reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Lei Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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8
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Iwinski KJ, Rodgers JH, Kinley CM, Hendrikse M, Calomeni AJ, McQueen AD, Geer TD, Liang J, Friesen V, Haakensen M. Influence of CuSO 4 and chelated copper algaecide exposures on biodegradation of microcystin-LR. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:538-544. [PMID: 28193586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper exposures from algaecide applications in aquatic systems are hypothesized to impede bacterial degradation of microcystin (MC), a cyanobacterial produced hepatotoxin. Despite regulatory implications of this hypothesis, limited data exist on influences of copper-exposures on MC-degrading bacteria and consequent MC-degradation. In this study, influences of copper-algaecide concentrations and formulations on bacterial composition and microcystin-LR (MCLR) degradation were investigated. Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to four concentrations (0-5.0 mg Cu L-1) of three copper-algaecide formulations, and rates and extents of MCLR degradation were measured. In untreated controls and following exposures of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg Cu L-1, MCLR concentrations decreased at a rate of ∼41-53 μg MCLR/L d-1. Following exposure to 5.0 mg Cu L-1 MCLR degradation rates decreased an order of magnitude to ∼3-7 μg MCLR/L d-1. Bacterial diversity decreased following copper-exposures greater than 0.1 mg Cu L-1 for all formulations. Relative abundance of certain groups of MC-degrading bacteria identified in treatments increased with increasing copper concentration, suggesting they may be less sensitive to copper exposures than other, MCLR and non MC-degrading heterotrophic bacteria present in the assemblage. Results from this study revealed that copper concentration can influence degradation rates of MCLR, however this influence was not significant within copper concentrations currently registered for use (≤1.0 mg Cu L-1) of the tested algaecides. Copper formulation did not significantly alter degradation rates or bacterial composition. These data augment our understanding of the influences of copper algaecide-exposures on MCLR degradation, and can be used to inform more accurate risk evaluations and use of copper-algaecides for management of MCLR-producing cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla J Iwinski
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA.
| | - John H Rodgers
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA
| | - Ciera M Kinley
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA
| | - Maas Hendrikse
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA
| | - Alyssa J Calomeni
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA
| | - Andrew D McQueen
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA
| | - Tyler D Geer
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0001, USA
| | - Jenny Liang
- Contango Strategies Ltd., 410 Downey Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4N1, Canada
| | - Vanessa Friesen
- Contango Strategies Ltd., 410 Downey Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4N1, Canada
| | - Monique Haakensen
- Contango Strategies Ltd., 410 Downey Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4N1, Canada
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Papadimitriou T, Kormas K, Dionysiou DD, Laspidou C. Using H 2O 2 treatments for the degradation of cyanobacteria and microcystins in a shallow hypertrophic reservoir. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:21523-21535. [PMID: 27515523 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7418-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxins produced by cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems constitute a serious health risk worldwide for humans that may use the affected water bodies for recreation, drinking water, and/or irrigation. Cyanotoxins have also been deemed responsible for loss of animal life in many places around the world. This paper explores the effect of H2O2 treatments on cyanobacteria and microcystins in natural samples from a hypertrophic reservoir in microcosm experiments. According to the results, cyanobacteria were more easily affected by H2O2 than by other phytoplanktonic groups. This was shown by the increase in the fractions of chlorophyll-a (a proxy for phytoplankton) and chlorophyll-b (a proxy for green algae) over total phytoplankton pigments and the decrease in the fraction of phycocyanin (a proxy for cyanobacteria) over total phytoplankton pigments. Thus, while an overall increase in phytoplankton occurred, a preferential decrease in cyanobacteria was observed with H2O2 treatments over a few hours. Moreover, significant degradation of total microcystins was observed under H2O2 treatments, while more microcystins were degraded when UV radiation was used in combination with H2O2. The combination of H2O2 and ultraviolet (UV) treatment in natural samples resulted in total microcystin concentrations that were below the World Health Organization limit for safe consumption of drinking water of 1 μg/L. Although further investigation into the effects of H2O2 addition on ecosystem function must be performed, our results show that the application of H2O2 could be a promising method for the degradation of microcystins in reservoirs and the reduction of public health risks related to the occurrence of harmful algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Kormas
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chrysi Laspidou
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
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10
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Huang Y, Chen X, He S, An Y, Yu X, Peng X. Sinking loss should be taken into account while studying the dynamics of Microcystis under light-availability control. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 314:270-276. [PMID: 27136732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In-situ light-availability control is commonly used to suppress Microcystis blooms in nutrient-rich water resources. It has been suggested that the reduction of column cyanobacterial biomass could mostly be attributed to the inhibition of photosynthesis. However, sinking loss may be another factor influencing the column cyanobacterial biomass. To further investigate the mechanism of this reduction, a mixing-static water column experimental apparatus was designed to simulate the reduction of Microcystis biomass under light-availability control. Under light-shading plus mixing, the reduction of Microcystis in the water column was attributed to both intrinsic biomass loss and sinking loss. Comparatively, under light-shading without mixing, the Microcystis accumulated in surface water, maintaining a continuously increase of intrinsic biomass. Meanwhile, the sinking loss increased as the water column became static, even exceeding the increase of intrinsic biomass, suggesting that sinking loss was the main mechanism for the reduction under light-shading. Further investigation indicated that both intrinsic growth rate and sinking loss rate varied in response to available light. Accordingly, a hypothesis is represented that the loss of column biomass and the shift in dominant species under light-availability control are primarily attributed to the combined effects of intrinsic biomass change and sinking loss, which both respond to available light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Huang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Dong Chuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xuechu Chen
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Dong Chuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yang An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, 6-1 Hetongqiao, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325005, PR China
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11
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Dai G, Zhong J, Song L, Guo C, Gan N, Wu Z. Harmful algal bloom removal and eutrophic water remediation by commercial nontoxic polyamine-co-polymeric ferric sulfate-modified soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:10636-10646. [PMID: 25752635 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal bloom has posed great threat to drinking water safety worldwide. In this study, soils were combined with commercial nontoxic polyamine poly(epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine) (PN) and polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) to obtain PN-PFS soils for Microcystis removal and eutrophic water remediation under static laboratory conditions. High pH and temperature in water could enhance the function of PN-PFS soil. Algal removal efficiency increased as soil particle size decreased or modified soil dose increased. Other pollutants or chemicals (such as C, P, and organic matter) in eutrophic water could participate and promote algal removal by PN-PFS soil; these pollutants were also flocculated. During PN-PFS soil application in blooming field samples, the removal efficiency of blooming Microcystis cells exceeded 99 %, the cyanotoxin microcystins reduced by 57 %. Water parameters (as TP, TN, SS, and SPC) decreased by about 90 %. CODMn, PO4-P, and NH4-N also sharply decreased by >45 %. DO and ORP in water improved. Netting and bridging effects through electrostatic attraction and complexation reaction could be the two key mechanisms of Microcystis flocculation and pollutant purification. Considering the low cost of PN-PFS soil and its nontoxic effect on the environment, we proposed that this soil combination could be applied to remove cyanobacterial bloom and remediate eutrophic water in fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofei Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang, 330029, People's Republic of China
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Zhou Q, Chen W, Shan K, Zheng L, Song L. Influence of sunlight on the proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms and its potential applications in Lake Taihu, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:626-635. [PMID: 25079276 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To learn the relationship between sunlight intensity and cyanobacterial proliferations for the further control of the heavy blooms, enclosure experiment were conducted in Meiliang Bay, Lake Taihu by regulating the natural light intensities with different shading ratio (0% (full sunlight), 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% of original natural sunlight intensities) from September to November in 2010. The results indicated that phytoplankton biomass (mean) decreased significantly when the shading ratios reached 50% or more. Higher shading ratios (e.g. 75%) were very efficient in controlling the average and total cyanobacterial bloom biomass, while 50% shading ratio was proven very effective either in controlling the peak value of phytoplankton biomass or postponing the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Taihu. In addition, phytoplankton composition and photosynthesis efficiency were also affected by altering the shading ratios, and in turn, they might also act on phytoplankton growth. Based on the results from the present study, intermediate shading strategies such as regulation of water level or turbidity through the hydrology regulations would probably be an effective and efficient method in controlling cyanobacterial blooms in large and shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Kun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Zhang Y, Tian J, Nan J, Gao S, Liang H, Wang M, Li G. Effect of PAC addition on immersed ultrafiltration for the treatment of algal-rich water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 186:1415-1424. [PMID: 21216530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition on the treatment of algal-rich water by immersed ultrafiltration (UF), in terms of permeate quality and membrane fouling. Experiments were performed with a hollow-fiber polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane at a laboratory scale, 20-25°C and 10 L/(m(2) h) constant permeate flux. UF could achieve an absolute removal of Microcystis aeruginosa cells, but a poor removal of algogenic organic matter (AOM) released into water, contaminants responsible for severe membrane fouling. The addition of 4 g/L PAC to the immersed UF reactor significantly alleviated the development of trans-membrane pressure and enhanced the removal of dissovled organic carbon (by 10.9±1.7%), UV(254) (by 27.1±1.7%), and microcystins (expressed as MC-LR(eq), by 40.8±4.2%). However, PAC had little effect on the rejection of hydrophilic high molecular weight AOM such as carbohydrates and proteins. It was also identified that PAC reduced the concentrations of carbohydrates and proteins in the reactor due to decreased light intensity, as well as the MC-LR(eq) concentration by PAC adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
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Miao HF, Qin F, Tao GJ, Tao WY, Ruan WQ. Detoxification and degradation of microcystin-LR and -RR by ozonation. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 79:355-361. [PMID: 20202668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, two Microsystins (MCs) of Microcystin-LR and Microcystin-RR were degraded with different dosages of ozone (O(3)). The possible degradation pathways were elucidated by analyzing their intermediates and end-products with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. The toxicity of the MCs ozonation products was also evaluated by assaying the protein phosphatase inhibition in vitro and acute toxicity in vivo. Results demonstrated that ozonation was a promising technology for removal and detoxification of the cyanotoxins. The MCs destruction was mainly involved in the attack of ozone on Adda side chain. First, the conjugated diene structure of Adda moiety was attacked by hydroxyl radical (OH()) to produce dihydroxylated products, then the hydroxylated 4-5 and/or 6-7 bond of Adda was cleaved into aldehyde or ketone peptide residues, and finally the residues were oxidized into the corresponding carboxylic acids. The fragmentation of the Mdha-Ala peptide bond of MCs also contributed positively to the oxidation process. Additionally, the attack on the benzene ring of Adda side chain was exclusively observed during MC-RR degradation. The toxicity evaluation of MCs ozonation products revealed that those end-products had no adverse effects in vivo and in vitro ozonation that could completely remove the MCs' toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Feng Miao
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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