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Peng Y, Ding J, Guo X, Qiu Q, Lu S, Wang Y, Ma B. Low-temperature catalytic oxidation of PCDD/Fs over MnCeCoO x/PPS catalytic filter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:120355-120365. [PMID: 37936051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic destruction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) combined with dust removal technique has attracted much attention, yet the application in the solid waste incineration air pollution control process is still lacking due to the complex flue gas atmosphere. In this work, the Mn-Ce-Co-Ox catalyst-coated polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) filter fiber with efficient dust removal and low-temperature polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) destruction has been prepared with a redox-precipitation method. The catalyst was uniformly grown around the PPS fiber with appropriate catalyst loading. The effects of several key operating parameters (e.g., reaction temperature, catalyst loading amount, and filtration velocity) on the catalytic efficiency were comprehensively investigated. The results show that the Mn-Ce-Co-Ox/PPS has a decomposition yield of 78.0% in PCDD/Fs and 96% in nitric oxide (NO) conversion at 200 °C. The poisoned catalytic filter exhibits a removal efficiency of 88.6% for PCDD/Fs. In addition, the catalytic filter can completely reject particles smaller than 1.0 μm with a low filtration resistance. Therefore, this efficient and energy-conserving catalytic filter shows promising applications in flue gas pollution treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Peng
- Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jiamin Ding
- Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| | - Xuanhao Guo
- Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Quan Qiu
- Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Shengyong Lu
- Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Wuxi Huaguang Environment &Energy Group Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214131, China
| | - Binbin Ma
- Wuxi Huaguang Environment &Energy Group Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214131, China
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Samara F, Darra R, Mohamed AA, Ahmad W, Abu-Farha N, Lee H, Han C, Kanan S. Applicability of Titanium-Based Catalysts in the Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran. Molecules 2023; 28:7488. [PMID: 38005210 PMCID: PMC10673168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are persistent toxic compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment. Nanocomposites of titanium(IV) oxide-vanadium(III) oxide (Ti3V2O7) and titanium(IV) oxide-silicon dioxide (Ti2Si7O30) were prepared and spectroscopically analyzed as potential decontaminants for dioxin-like materials. The analysis confirmed a homogeneous morphology with nanoscale particle size. The Ti-Si sample was found to have a high surface area compared to the Ti-V composite. Vanadium(III) oxide (V2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) were chosen as materials for the formation of heterogeneous compounds with titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) because they possess a suitable band alignment with TiO2, thus forming effective photocatalysts. This study evaluated the photodegradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-furan (TCDF) in the presence of Ti-Si and Ti-V oxide composites, which was tested using high- (254 nm) and midenergy (302 nm) UV irradiation sources. While Ti-Si showed success in the photodegradation of 2,3,7,8-TCDF dissolved in a (1:1) methanol-tetrahydrofuran (MeOH-THF) solution, the Ti-V composite proved to be a powerful material in adsorbing TCDF with a high capacity immediately upon mixing. Ti-Si oxide was found to decompose TCDF under the two irradiation sources with 98-99% degradation occurring after 70 min. The use of 254 nm as an irradiation source in the presence of Ti-Si was 4.3 times faster than the analogue reaction irradiated without a catalyst. Byproducts of the degradation were evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), resulting in a lower chlorinated congener and less toxicity, as the main degradation product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Samara
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates; (R.D.); (N.A.-F.)
| | - Rasha Darra
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates; (R.D.); (N.A.-F.)
| | - Ahmed A. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Nedal Abu-Farha
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates; (R.D.); (N.A.-F.)
| | - Haesung Lee
- Program in Environmental & Polymer Engineering, Graduate School of INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Changseok Han
- Program in Environmental & Polymer Engineering, Graduate School of INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (C.H.)
- Department of Environmental Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sofian Kanan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates; (R.D.); (N.A.-F.)
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Li W, Li L, Wen Z, Yan D, Liu M, Huang Q, Zhu Z. Removal of dioxins from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash by low-temperature thermal treatment: Laboratory simulation of degradation and ash discharge stages. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 168:45-53. [PMID: 37276633 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) can cause significant risks to the environment and human health. In this study, the low-temperature thermal treatment of MSWIFA under industrial conditions was simulated in the laboratory to investigate the process parameters for dioxin degradation and ash discharge stages. Correlation analysis and dioxin fingerprint characterization were used to analyze the degradation and ash discharge processes. The degradation efficiency of low-temperature thermal treatment was influenced by multiple factors. At 400℃ for 90 min and 1% O2, the dioxin removal rate was 95.80%, the detoxification rate was 91.73%, and the residual dioxin toxicity in MSWIFA was 22.7 ± 17.8 ng I-TEQ/kg, which was in line with the limit value of 50 ng I-TEQ/kg in the "Technical specification for pollution control of fly-ash from municipal solid waste incineration" (HJ1134-2020). The increase in dioxins during ash discharge did not follow a linear relationship with the process parameters. This was assumed to be related to the MSWIFA composition, as some components containing P, Si, and Al at 150 °C may inhibit dioxin formation. The dioxin increased only by 0.79 ± 2.65 ng/kg, an increase in toxicity of 0.42 ± 0.10 ng I-TEQ/kg, when treated at 150 °C for 30 min and 10% O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhuoyu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Dahai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Meijia Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Zhanheng Zhu
- Zhejiang Jinglan Environmental Technology co.Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311215, China
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Li W, Yan D, Li L, Wen Z, Liu M, Lu S, Huang Q. Review of thermal treatments for the degradation of dioxins in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: Proposing a suitable method for large-scale processing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162565. [PMID: 36889396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin degradation is considered essential for the environmentally sound management of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA). Among the many degradation techniques, thermal treatment has shown good prospects owing to its high efficiency and wide range of applications. Thermal treatment is divided into high-temperature thermal, microwave thermal, hydrothermal, and low-temperature thermal treatments. High-temperature sintering and melting not only have dioxin degradation rates higher than 95 % but also remove volatile heavy metals, although energy consumption is high. High-temperature industrial co-processing effectively solves the problem of energy consumption, but with a low fly ash (FA) mixture, and the process is limited by location. Microwave thermal treatment and hydrothermal treatment are still in the experimental stage and cannot be used for large-scale processing. The dioxin degradation rate of low-temperature thermal treatment can also be stabilized at higher than 95 %. Compared to other methods, low-temperature thermal treatment is less costly and energy consumption with no restriction on location. This review comprehensively compares the current status of the above-mentioned thermal treatment methods and their ability to dispose of MSWIFA, especially the potential for large-scale processing. Then, the respective characteristics, challenges, and application prospects of different thermal treatment methods were discussed. Finally, based on the goal of low carbon and emission reduction, three possible approaches for improvement were proposed to address the challenges of large-scale processing of low-temperature thermal treatment, namely, adding a catalyst, changing the FA fraction, or supplementing with blockers, providing a reasonable development direction for the degradation of dioxins in MSWIFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Daihai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zhuoyu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Meijia Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shengxin Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100085, China.
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Elimination of PCDD/Fs over Commercial Honeycomb-Like Catalyst of V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 at Low Temperature: From Laboratory Experiments to Field Study. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the need for ultra-low emissions and the strict regulation of PCDD/Fs from MSWI plants, traditional SCR catalysts have been applied to remove PCDD/Fs. In this study, we compared one typical commercial V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 catalyst’s performance in removing PCDD/Fs under laboratory and industrial conditions. Various characterization methods like XRF, XPS, BET, and H2-TPR were applied to analyze the catalyst’s properties. The laboratory results showed that the adsorption could significantly affect the removal at low temperatures. The RE on PCDD/Fs was 59.4% (55.0% for toxicity RE), 88.5% (90.3%), and 78.0% (76.0%) at 160 °C, 180 °C, and 200 °C, respectively, showing that 180 °C is the most suitable operation temperature for this V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 catalyst. The field study was conducted at 180 °C, and the results revealed that the competition between water vapor and the interaction of SO2 could lower the RE. However, comparisons between laboratory and field conditions showed that this V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 catalyst still showed good stability, with only a 6.8% drop.
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A Win-Win Combination to Inhibit Persistent Organic Pollutant Formation via the Co-Incineration of Polyvinyl Chloride E-Waste and Sewage Sludge. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050835. [PMID: 33803283 PMCID: PMC7967143 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutant inhibition in the combustion process of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by prior addition of an inhibitor is currently being studied, reducing the emission of pollutants, and thus reducing the large amount of waste PVC destined for landfill. In this work, the use of sewage sludge (SS) as an alternative to chemical inhibitors to improve the quality emissions of the incineration of polyvinyl chloride waste (PVC e-waste) was studied and optimized. Different combustion runs were carried out at 850 °C in a laboratory tubular reactor, varying both the molar ratio Ri (0.25, 0.50, 0.75) between inhibitors (N + S) and chlorine (Cl) and the oxygen ratio λ (0.15, 0.50) between actual oxygen and stoichiometric oxygen. The emissions of several semivolatile compounds families such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorobenzenes (ClBzs), and polychlorophenols (ClPhs), with special interest in the emissions of the most toxic compounds, i.e., polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), were analyzed. A notable decrease in PCDD/F and dl-PCB formation was achieved in most of the experiments, especially for those runs performed under an oxygen-rich atmosphere (λ = 0.50), where the addition of sludge was beneficial with inhibition ratios Ri ≥ 0.25. An inhibition ratio of 0.75 showed the best results with almost a 100% reduction in PCDD/F formation and a 95% reduction in dl-PCB formation.
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Chen G, Wang Z, Lin F, Zhang Z, Yu H, Yan B, Wang Z. Comparative investigation on catalytic ozonation of VOCs in different types over supported MnO x catalysts. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122218. [PMID: 32044638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper conducted catalytic ozonation of CB (chlorobenzene) over a series of MnOx based catalysts with different supports (Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, CeO2, and ZrO2) at 120 °C. Mn/Al2O3 exhibited highest CB conversion efficiency, ca. 82.92 %, due to its excellent textual properties, O2 desorption, redox ability, and desirable surface adsorbed oxygen species and acidity. O3 conversion all approached nearly 100.0%, with residual <10 ppm. Mn/Al2O3 was further employed to investigate effect of temperature, O3/CB, and space velocity on CB conversion. Hereafter, catalytic ozonation of single and binary VOCs in different types was performed, i.e., CB, DCE (dichloroethane), DCM (dichloromethane), and PhH (Benzene). Conversion results demonstrated aromatics degraded easier than alkanes and more carbon atoms decreased difficulty, as CB∼PhH > DCE∼DCM, and DCE > DCM; but chlorinated substitution increased difficulty, as PhH > CB. Catalytic co-ozonation of CB/DCE indicated that DCE significantly improved CB conversion to reach totally degradation at low O3 input, but inhibited DCE conversion, especially at higher ratio of DCE/CB. Co-ozonation improved ozone utilization efficiency, and maintained the original property of catalyst. By contrast, CB/PhH co-ozonation displayed very mild effects. Finally, critical intermediates during catalytic CB ozonation, i.e., DCM, carboxyl and formic acid, were detected from mass spectrum results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Fawei Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Zhiman Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Hongdi Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University/Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
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Xing Y, Zhang H, Su W, Wang Q, Yu H, Wang J, Li R, Cai C, Ma Z. The bibliometric analysis and review of dioxin in waste incineration and steel sintering. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35687-35703. [PMID: 31745800 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Facing the common treatment problems of dioxin whose major sources come from waste incineration and steel sintering, we handled a massive literature dataset from the Web of Science database and analyzed the research hotspot and development trend in this field in the past 40 years by bibliometric method. The result indicates that the field of dioxins generated from waste incineration and steel sintering has entered a stage of rapid development since 1990. China occupies a leading position in terms of comprehensive strength with the largest publications output as well as a greater influence in recent years. The most productive institutions and journals are Zhejiang University and Chemosphere, respectively. In addition, the most commonly used keywords in statistical analysis are "fly ash," "emission control," "risk assessment," "congener profile," "formation mechanisms," "sources," "catalysis," and "inhibition," which reflects the current main research direction in this field. The similarities and differences of dioxins generated in waste incineration and steel sintering are reviewed in this paper, which will provide guidance for the future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xing
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Su
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Qunhui Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haibin Yu
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiaqing Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Changqing Cai
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhiliang Ma
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Soler A, Conesa JA, Ortuño N. Inhibiting fly ash reactivity by adding N- and S- containing compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:294-301. [PMID: 30077109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of thiourea (TUA), ammonium thiosulfate (TSA) and amidosulfonic acid (ASA) on the reactivity of fly ash air was investigated using a thermobalance at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20 K min-1). A model fly ash (activated carbon + 50 wt% CuCl2·2H2O, pyrolyzed at 700 °C and washed) was used as carbonaceous material. Adding CuCl2·2H2O to the activated carbon led to an increased rate of decomposition with the air's oxygen. TUA and TSA behaved in a similar way, accelerating the decomposition of the model fly ash. ASA also accelerated the decomposition but to a lower extent. We postulate that the increase in decomposition rate is caused by a reaction between carbonaceous material and N and S-containing compounds. The formation of nitrogenated and sulphured compounds was confirmed by TG-MS. A kinetic model based on a single reaction of order 0.6 showed very good correlations with all the heating rates tested in oxidant atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Soler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Juan A Conesa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Nuria Ortuño
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain
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Zhan MX, Ji LJ, Ma YF, Chen WR, Lu SY. The impact of hydrochloric acid on the catalytic destruction behavior of 1,2-dichlorbenzene and PCDD/Fs in the presence of VWTi catalysts. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 78:249-257. [PMID: 32559910 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation is regarded an effective technique to control the emissions of chlorinated benzenes (CBzs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from waste incinerators. Among the numerous factors affecting the degradation efficiency of CBzs and PCDD/Fs, limited attention has been paid to the impact of hydrochloric acid (HCl) present in the flue gas. This study investigates how HCl affects the catalytic degradation of 1,2-dichlorbenzene (1,2-DCBz) at different reaction times and temperature regimes. The results showed that the removal efficiency of 1,2-DCBz, which was achieved by the V2O5/WO3-TiO2 (VWTi) catalyst, decreased the largest by 10% in the presence of HCl. Furthermore, it was found that the increasing concentration of water vapor hindered the degradation efficiency of 1,2-DCBz. No relationship between the process temperature and the destruction efficiency of PCDD/Fs was observed in the presence of HCl. Potential increasing of the removal efficiency of 1,2-DCBz was confirmed by adding different amount of activated carbon (AC) in the presence of HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xiu Zhan
- College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Long-Jie Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd, Beijing 100015, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wang-Ruochen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sheng-Yong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Wang Q, Tang M, Peng Y, Du C, Lu S. Ozone assisted oxidation of gaseous PCDD/Fs over CNTs-containing composite catalysts at low temperature. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:502-509. [PMID: 29455121 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ozone assisted carbon nanotubes (CNTs) supported vanadium oxide/titanium dioxide (V/Ti-CNTs) or vanadium oxide-manganese oxide/titanium dioxide (V-Mn/Ti-CNTs) catalysts towards gaseous PCDD/Fs (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans) catalytic oxidations at low temperature (150 °C) were investigated. The removal efficiency (RE) and decomposition efficiency (DE) of PCDD/Fs achieved with V-Mn/Ti-CNTs alone were 95% and 45% at 150 °C under a space velocity (SV) of 14000 h-1; yet, these values reached 99% and 91% when catalyst and low concentration (50 ppm) ozone were used in combined. The ozone promotion effect on catalytic activity was further enhanced with the addition of manganese oxide (MnOx) and CNTs. Adding MnOx and CNTs in V/Ti catalysts facilitated the ozone decomposition (creating more active species on catalyst surface), thus, improved ozone utilization (demanding relatively lower ozone addition concentration). On the other hand, this study threw light upon ozone promotion mechanism based on the comparison of catalyst properties (i.e. components, surface area, surface acidity, redox ability and oxidation state) before and after ozone treatment. The experimental results indicate that a synergistic effect exists between catalyst and ozone: ozone is captured and decomposed on catalyst surface; meanwhile, the catalyst properties are changed by ozone in return. Reactive oxygen species from ozone decomposition and the accompanied catalyst properties optimization are crucial reasons for catalyst activation at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Minghui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yaqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cuicui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shengyong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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13
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Ji L, Cao X, Lu S, Du C, Li X, Chen T, Buekens A, Yan J. Catalytic oxidation of PCDD/F on a V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalyst: Effect of chlorinated benzenes and chlorinated phenols. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:220-230. [PMID: 28841469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) is a well-proven technique, applied in a rising number of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration plants, yet the simultaneous and possibly competitive co-oxidation of other compounds, such as chlorinated benzenes (CBz) or phenols (CP), is still poorly documented. In this study, a grinded commercial catalyst (vanadium-tungsten supported on titanium dioxide) was submitted to exploratory testing: the PCDD/F present in a gas test flow were catalytically oxidised (200°C, 10,000h-1), either as such or in the presence of benzene (Bz), monochlorobenzene (MCBz), and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCBz) and the effect of these additions on the catalytic destruction of PCDD/F was verified experimentally. Both removal efficiency (RE) and destruction efficiency (DE) declined during the exploratory testing and, importantly, some DCBz even converted into supplemental PCDD/F. Also, the occurrence of carbon deposition negatively influenced catalytic oxidation activity. Regeneration with oxygen or air allowed to remove the deposited carbon and the original catalytic activity was largely restored after calcination. In a second part of this study, the PCDD/F-formation from DCBz, hexachlorobenzene (HCBz), o-monochlorophenol (o-MCP) and pentachlorophenol (PeCP) was demonstrated and tentatively explored. To prepare for further elucidation of the reaction mechanism, a complete isomer-specific analysis was prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjie Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shengyong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Cuicui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Alfons Buekens
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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14
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Zhao R, Jin D, Yang H, Lu S, Potter PM, Du C, Peng Y, Li X, Yan J. Low-Temperature Catalytic Decomposition of 130 Tetra- to Octa-PCDD/Fs Congeners over CuO X and MnO X Modified V 2O 5/TiO 2-CNTs with the Assistance of O 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:11424-11432. [PMID: 27668311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a reliable and steady PCDD/F generation system was utilized to investigate the performance of catalysts, in which 130 congeners of tetra- to octapolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) vapors were studied under simulated flue gas with/without O3. TiO2 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) supported vanadium oxides (VOX/TiO2-CNTs) modified with MnOX and CuOX, which were reported to be beneficial to the decomposition of model molecules, were found to have a negative effect on the removal of real PCDD/Fs in the simulated flue gas without O3. Moreover, the addition of MnOX presented different effects depending on whether CuOX existed in catalysts or not, which was also contrary to its effects on the degradation of model molecules. In an O3-containing atmosphere, low chlorination level PCDD/Fs congeners were removed well over VOX-MnOX/TiO2-CNTs, while high chlorination level PCDD/Fs congeners were removed well over VOX-CuOX/TiO2-CNTs. Fortunately, all PCDD/Fs congeners decomposed well over VOX-MnOX-CuOX/TiO2-CNTs. Finally, the effects of tetra- to octachlorination level for the adsorption and degradation behaviors of PCDD/Fs congeners were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Phillip M Potter
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States of America
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15
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Tang S, Yuan D, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Huang H. Fe-Mn bi-metallic oxides loaded on granular activated carbon to enhance dye removal by catalytic ozonation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:18800-18808. [PMID: 27316651 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A Fe-Mn bi-metallic oxide supported on granular activated carbon (Fe-Mn GAC) has been fabricated by an impregnation-desiccation method and tested in the catalytic ozonation of methyl orange (MO) degradation and mineralization. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterizations revealed that Fe-Mn oxides were successfully loaded and uniformly distributed on the GAC, and nitrogen adsorption isotherms showed that the supported GAC retained a large surface area and a high pore volume compared with the pristine GAC. The catalytic activity was systematically assessed by monitoring the MO removal efficiencies at different operational parameters, such as catalyst dosage, initial solution pH, and ozone flow rate. The Fe-Mn GAC exhibited better catalytic activity relative to ozone alone and GAC alone, improving the TOC removal by 24.5 and 11.5 % and COD removal by 13.6 and 7.3 %, respectively. The reusability of the hybrid was examined over five consecutive cyclic treatments. The Fe-Mn GAC catalytic activity was only a slight loss in the cycles, showing good stability. The addition of Na2CO3 as hydroxyl radicals (•OH) scavengers proved that the catalytic ozonation mechanism was the enhanced generation of •OH by the Fe-Mn GAC. The above results render the Fe-Mn GAC an industrially promising candidate for catalytic ozonation of dye contaminant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Deling Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Yameng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Zhengquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
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16
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Wang Q, Hung PC, Lu S, Chang MB. Catalytic decomposition of gaseous PCDD/Fs over V2O5/TiO2-CNTs catalyst: Effect of NO and NH3 addition. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 159:132-137. [PMID: 27285382 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a strong need for a control technology that simultaneously achieving the abatement of PCDD/Fs (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions in waste incineration industry. TiO2 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used as composite carriers to support vanadium oxide as an innovative catalyst to simultaneously control PCDD/Fs and NO emissions. The removal efficiencies (RE) of PCDD/Fs by V2O5/TiO2-CNTs catalyst under a space velocity (SV) of 20,000 h(-1) reaches 99.9% at 150 °C and adsorption is supposed to be the main mechanism at this temperature. The influence of NONH3 reaction on PCDD/Fs catalytic reaction is investigated. The kinetics analysis exhibits that the addition of NO and NH3 reduces the activation energies for OCDD (octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) and OCDF (octachlorodibenzofuran) decomposition to 3.6 kJ/mol and 5.4 kJ/mol respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pao Chang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jungdad Road, Chungli 320, Taiwan
| | - Shengyong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Moo Been Chang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jungdad Road, Chungli 320, Taiwan
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17
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Yu MF, Lin XQ, Yan M, Li XD, Chen T, Yan JH. Low temperature destruction of PCDD/Fs over V2O5-CeO2/TiO2 catalyst with ozone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17563-17570. [PMID: 27234830 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic destruction of PCDD/Fs (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans) over V2O5-CeO2/TiO2 catalyst was investigated at a low temperature range of 140-180 °C, in the absence and presence of ozone (200 ppm). Nano-TiO2 support was used to prepare the catalyst by step impregnation method. A stable PCDD/Fs-generating system was established to support the catalytic destruction tests. In the presence of ozone alone, destruction efficiencies of PCDD/Fs are between 32.2 and 43.1 % with temperature increasing from 140 to 180 °C. The activity of V2O5-CeO2/TiO2 catalyst alone on PCDD/Fs destruction is also studied. The increase of temperature from 140 to 180 °C enhances the activity of catalyst with destruction efficiencies increasing from 54.7 to 73.4 %. However, ozone addition greatly enhances the catalytic activity of V2O5-CeO2/TiO2 catalyst on PCDD/Fs decomposition. At 180 °C, the destruction efficiency of PCDD/Fs achieved with V2O5-CeO2/TiO2 catalyst and ozone is above 86.0 %. It indicates that the combined use of ozone and catalyst reduces the reaction temperature of PCDD/Fs oxidation and offers a new method to destroy PCDD/Fs with high destruction efficiency at a low temperature. Furthermore, the destruction efficiencies of 17 toxic PCDD/F congeners, achieved with ozone alone, catalyst alone, and catalyst/ozone are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Qing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Yan
- Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
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18
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Chen Y, Wu Q, Liu K. Dual degradation of gaseous 1,2-dichlorobenzene and PCDD/Fs using Ce doped VxOy/TiO2 immobilized on cordierite. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 154:472-481. [PMID: 27085061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic film Ce doped VxOy/TiO2 was loaded on cordierite honeycomb (CHC), and this composite was prepared by sol-gel and dipping method, with Ce, oxides of V and TiO2 as dopant and key substances, respectively. Using gaseous 1,2-dichlorobenzene to replace dioxin as target pollutant, dual degradation experiments at 140-280 °C were carried out (thermal decomposition and photodegradation), and the effects of preparation conditions on catalytic activity were investigated: doping amount of Ce, dipping time in the gel, the concentration of ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) solution, dipping time in NH4VO3 solution, sintering temperature. The gaseous samples were taken before and after the reactor and analyzed by gas chromatography. According to the results, the optimal preparation conditions were determined, and the corresponding removal rate was above 95% after 90 min of degradation at 280 °C. The composite was examined by ultrasonic to analyze the adhesive strength between the film and CHC, and further characterized by XRD and SEM. Furthermore, flue gas from waste incinerator was chosen as target pollutant, which contained PCDD/Fs, the industrial sidestream degradation experiment was carried out and showed excellent removal efficiency of the composite, the removal rate of PCDD/Fs reached ca. 90% after 90 min of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Kuiren Liu
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
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Zhan MX, Chen T, Fu JY, Lin XQ, Lu SY, Li XD, Yan JH, Buekens A. High temperature suppression of dioxins. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 146:182-188. [PMID: 26716881 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Combined Sulphur-Nitrogen inhibitors, such as sewage sludge decomposition gases (SDG), thiourea and amidosulphonic acid have been observed to suppress the de novo synthesis of dioxins effectively. In this study, the inhibition of PCDD/Fs formation from model fly ash was investigated at unusually high temperatures (650 °C and 850 °C), well above the usual range of de novo tests (250-400 °C). At 650 °C it was found that SDG evolving from dried sewage sludge could suppress the formation of 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs with high efficiency (90%), both in weight units and in I-TEQ units. Additionally, at 850 °C, three kinds of sulphur-amine or sulphur-ammonium compounds were tested to inhibit dioxins formation during laboratory-scale tests, simulating municipal solid waste incineration. The suppression efficiencies of PCDD/Fs formed through homogeneous gas phase reactions were all above 85% when 3 wt. % of thiourea (98.7%), aminosulphonic acid (96.0%) or ammonium thiosulphate (87.3%) was added. Differences in the ratio of PCDFs/PCDDs, in weight average chlorination level and in the congener distribution of the 17 toxic PCDD/Fs indicated that the three inhibitors tested followed distinct suppression pathways, possibly in relation to their different functional groups of nitrogen. Furthermore, thiourea reduced the (weight) average chlorinated level. In addition, the thermal decomposition of TUA was studied by means of thermogravimetry-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and the presence of SO2, SO3, NH3 and nitriles (N≡C bonds) was shown in the decomposition gases; these gaseous inhibitors might be the primary dioxins suppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xiu Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China.
| | - Jian-Ying Fu
- China United Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China
| | - Sheng-Yong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China
| | - Alfons Buekens
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, PR China
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Yu MF, Li XD, Chen T, Lu SY, Yan JH. Low temperature destruction of PCDD/Fs by catalysis coupled with activated carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5459-5467. [PMID: 26566615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance the oxidation and adsorption capacity of catalyst, two kinds of activated carbon (AC) are mechanically mixed with V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst respectively. In this study, the mixtures (M-1: catalyst mixing with AC based on lignite; M-2: the one on coconut shell) are investigated to destroy high concentration (9.8 ng I-TEQ Nm(-3)) PCDD/Fs at low temperature (160 °C). Adding AC into the catalyst obviously increases removal efficiency (RE) and destruction efficiency (DE). However, M-2 presents higher RE value and lower DE value compared with M-1 at the same conditions as the stronger adsorption capacity of AC based on coconut shell. For the M-2 mixture, RE values are decreasing while DE values show an opposite trend with the ratios of catalyst to AC increasing. Oxygen plays a positive role on the destruction of PCDD/Fs by accelerating the conversion of V(4+)Ox and V(5+)Ox. Adjusting oxygen content from 0 to 20 % could increase the DE value from 27.4 to 82.2 % for the M-1 and from 15.8 to 68.9 % for the M-2. In the presence of ozone, a dark brown flock will be generated when the ratio of AC and catalyst is 4:1 due to the reaction between AC and ozone, which results in the lower RE and DE values. The RE and DE values reach the maximum of 96.3 %, 90.6 % in this paper, respectively, when the ratio of AC and catalyst is 1:1 with ozone. Finally, the regenerating of mixture is investigated. Most of dioxin residues in the mixture are desorbed and oxidized by catalysis at 200 °C in the presence of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38#, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38#, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38#, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Sheng-Yong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38#, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38#, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Wang QL, Huang QX, Wu HF, Lu SY, Wu HL, Li XD, Yan JH. Catalytic decomposition of gaseous 1,2-dichlorobenzene over CuOx/TiO₂ and CuOx/TiO₂-CNTs catalysts: Mechanism and PCDD/Fs formation. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:2343-2350. [PMID: 26606189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCBz) was catalytically decomposed in a fixed-bed catalytic reactor using composite copper-based titanium oxide (CuOx/TiO2) catalysts with different copper ratios. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were introduced to produce novel CuOx/TiO2-CNTs catalysts by the sol-gel method. The catalytic performances of CuOx/TiO2 and CuOx/TiO2-CNTs on 1,2-DCBz oxidative destruction under different temperatures (150-350 °C) were experimentally examined and the correlation between catalyst structure and catalytic activity was characterized and the role of oxygen in catalytic reaction was discussed. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) generation during 1,2-DCBz catalytic oxidation by CuOx/TiO2-CNTs composite catalyst was also examined. Results indicate that the 1,2-DCBz destruction/removal efficiencies of CuOx (4 wt%)/TiO2 catalyst at 150 °C and 350 °C with a GHSV of 3400 h(-1) are 59% and 94% respectively and low-temperature (150 °C) catalytic activity of CuOx/TiO2 on 1,2-DCBz oxidation can be improved from 59 to 77% when CNTs are introduced. Furthermore, oxygen either in catalyst or from reaction atmosphere is indispensible in reaction. The former is offered to activate and oxidize the 1,2-DCBz adsorbed on catalyst, thus can be generally consumed during reaction and the oxygen content in catalyst is observed lost from 39.9 to 35.0 wt% after reacting under inert atmosphere; the latter may replenish the vacancy in catalyst created by the consumed oxygen thus extends the catalyst life and raises the destruction/removal efficiency. The introduction of CNTs also increases the Cu(2+)/Cu(+) ratio, chemisorbed oxygen concentration and surface lattice oxygen binding energy which are closely related with catalytic activity. PCDD/Fs is confirmed to be formed when 1,2-DCBz catalytically oxidized by CuOx/TiO2-CNTs composite catalyst with sufficient oxygen (21%), proper temperature (350 °C) and high concentration of 1,2-DCBz feed (120 ppm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qun-xing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Hui-fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sheng-yong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hai-long Wu
- Zhoushan Environmental Protection Bureau, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Xiao-dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jian-hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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22
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Zhao R, Wang Q, Lu S. Catalytic Oxidation of 1,2-Dichlorobenzene on V2O5–WO3/TiO2 Films: Effects of Ozone Addition and UV Irradiation. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rixiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University
| | - Qiulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University
| | - Shengyong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University
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23
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24
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Kinetics and mechanism study on catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene over V2O5/TiO2 catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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