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Pugazhendhi A, Govindasamy C, Sharma A. Heavy metal accumulation in root and shoot tapioca plant biomass grown in agriculture land situated around the magnesite mine tailings. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119287. [PMID: 38823610 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soil has emerged as a major environmental concern. This can be attributed to human activities such as mining, modern agriculture, and industrialization. This study was conducted to determine how heavy metals spread from mine tailings to surrounding farmland. Metal absorption and accumulation were also investigated in the root and shoot biomass of tapioca crops grown in those farmlands. Metal concentrations in MTAS1 were 85.3 ± 1.2, 45.8 ± 1.5, 134.8 ± 1.7, 92.4 ± 2.2, and 78.95 ± 1.4 mg kg-1, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations in MTAS2 and MTAS3 were found to be 79.62 ± 1.6, 75.4 ± 1.5, 41.31 ± 1.1, 47.8 ± 1.6, 142.5 ± 2.1, 128.4 ± 1.4, 86.2 ± 1.9, 79.5 ± 1.3, and 83.4 ± 1.2 mg kg-1, respectively. Tapioca crop shoot and root biomass grown at these metal polluted sites absorbed and accumulated significant amounts of Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Mn. Notably, the metal content of the tapioca crop's root and shoot biomass exceeded national standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centre of Bioengineering, NatProLab, AgroInnovationLab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, 76130, Mexico
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh-11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centre of Bioengineering, NatProLab, AgroInnovationLab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro, 76130, Mexico.
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2
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Liu H, Wu Y, Cai J, Chen Y, Zhou C, Qiao C, Wang Y, Wang S. Effect of Auxin on Cadmium Toxicity-Induced Growth Inhibition in Solanum lycopersicum. TOXICS 2024; 12:374. [PMID: 38787153 PMCID: PMC11125773 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Auxins play crucial regulatory roles in plants coping with cadmium (Cd) stress. However, the regulatory mechanism by which auxins alleviate Cd toxicity in tomato seedlings remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that exposure to Cd stress leads to dynamic changes in the auxin response in tomato roots, characterized by an initial increase followed by a subsequent weakening. Under Cd stress, tomato seedlings show primary root- and hypocotyl-growth inhibition, accompanied by the accumulation of Cd and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the roots. The exogenous application of 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) does not mitigate the inhibitory effect of Cd toxicity on primary root growth, but it does significantly enhance lateral root development under Cd stress. Auxin transport inhibitors, such as 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and 2,3,5-triiodobenoic acid (TIBA), aggravate the growth inhibition of primary roots caused by Cd stress. Additionally, lateral root development was inhibited by NPA. However, applying auxin synthesis inhibitors L-kynurenine (kyn) and yucasin alleviated the tomato root growth inhibition caused by Cd stress; between them, the effect of yucasin was more pronounced. Yucasin mitigates Cd toxicity in tomato seedlings by reducing Cd2+ absorption and auxin accumulation, strengthening ROS scavenging, and reducing cell death in roots. These observations suggest that yucasin potentially mitigates Cd toxicity and improves the tolerance of tomato seedlings to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Jiahui Cai
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Yuting Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Cheng Zhou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Cece Qiao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Yuliang Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Song Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; (H.L.); (Y.W.); (J.C.); (C.Z.); (C.Q.)
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Ugwah-Oguejiofor CJ, Nefai MS, Emmanuel MH, Alkali IY, Biambo AA, Lawal M, Ahmed AH, Muhammed A. Safety assessment of crude aqueous methanol extract of Annona senegalensis stem bark: acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38682320 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2344640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Annona senegalensis Pers., (wild custard apple), is a shrub used traditionally to treat respiratory and skin diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated its anti-malaria, anti-snake envenomation and anti-cancer activities. However, its toxicological profile remains limited, particularly in male and female animals. This study aims to evaluate the safety of crude aqueous methanol extract of Annona senegalensis stem bark (AMEAS) through acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies. The stem bark of A. senegalensis was collected, air-dried, pulverized, and extracted using 70% methanol. Phytochemical screening, elemental analysis, and acute toxicity evaluation were carried out on AMEAS. Sub-chronic toxicity study was conducted on Wistar rats of both sexes at different doses administered orally for 28 days. Elemental analysis revealed the presence of heavy metals and essential mineral elements with the highest contents being calcium (59.88%) and potassium (25.39%). Acute toxicity testing showed no mortality up to 5000 mg/kg, suggesting an LD50 greater than 5000 mg/kg. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, no mortality or significant harmful effects were observed. The blood glucose decreased from 13.68 mMol/L at 250 mg/kg to 10.71 mMol/L at 1000 mg/kg, much lower than the distilled water group (17.06 mMol/L). In conclusion, the extract appeared to be well-tolerated, with no obvious adverse effects. AMEAS is rich in Calcium (Ca) and potassium (K). It has been shown to have LD50 greater than 5000 mg/kg and is assumed to be safe. On repeated use, AMEAS may cause hypoglycemia and weight loss which may be useful in managing diabetes and obesity respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinenye Jane Ugwah-Oguejiofor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Mathias Sylvester Nefai
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Mshelia Halilu Emmanuel
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Yusuf Alkali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Aminu Ahmed Biambo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Mansur Lawal
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Hamidu Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Achor Muhammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Afzal A, Mahreen N. Emerging insights into the impacts of heavy metals exposure on health, reproductive and productive performance of livestock. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1375137. [PMID: 38567355 PMCID: PMC10985271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1375137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals, common environmental pollutants with widespread distribution hazards and several health problems linked to them are distinguished from other toxic compounds by their bioaccumulation in living organisms. They pollute the food chain and threaten the health of animals. Biologically, heavy metals exhibit both beneficial and harmful effects. Certain essential heavy metals such as Co, Mn, Se, Zn, and Mg play crucial roles in vital physiological processes in trace amounts, while others like As, Pb, Hg, Cd, and Cu are widely recognized for their toxic properties. Regardless of their physiological functions, an excess intake of all heavy metals beyond the tolerance limit can lead to toxicity. Animals face exposure to heavy metals through contaminated feed and water, primarily as a result of anthropogenic environmental pollution. After ingestion heavy metals persist in the body for an extended duration and the nature of exposure dictates whether they induce acute or chronic, clinical or subclinical, or subtle toxicities. The toxic effects of metals lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis through the generation of free radicals that develop oxidative stress. In cases of acute heavy metal poisoning, characteristic clinical symptoms may arise, potentially culminating in the death of animals with corresponding necropsy findings. Chronic toxicities manifest as a decline in overall body condition scoring and a decrease in the production potential of animals. Elevated heavy metal levels in consumable animal products raise public health concerns. Timely diagnosis, targeted antidotes, and management strategies can significantly mitigate heavy metal impact on livestock health, productivity, and reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afzal
- Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Zoology, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naima Mahreen
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetics Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Raza A, Salehi H, Bashir S, Tabassum J, Jamla M, Charagh S, Barmukh R, Mir RA, Bhat BA, Javed MA, Guan DX, Mir RR, Siddique KHM, Varshney RK. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics interventions prompt crop improvement against metal(loid) toxicity. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:80. [PMID: 38411713 PMCID: PMC10899315 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The escalating challenges posed by metal(loid) toxicity in agricultural ecosystems, exacerbated by rapid climate change and anthropogenic pressures, demand urgent attention. Soil contamination is a critical issue because it significantly impacts crop productivity. The widespread threat of metal(loid) toxicity can jeopardize global food security due to contaminated food supplies and pose environmental risks, contributing to soil and water pollution and thus impacting the whole ecosystem. In this context, plants have evolved complex mechanisms to combat metal(loid) stress. Amid the array of innovative approaches, omics, notably transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have emerged as transformative tools, shedding light on the genes, proteins, and key metabolites involved in metal(loid) stress responses and tolerance mechanisms. These identified candidates hold promise for developing high-yielding crops with desirable agronomic traits. Computational biology tools like bioinformatics, biological databases, and analytical pipelines support these omics approaches by harnessing diverse information and facilitating the mapping of genotype-to-phenotype relationships under stress conditions. This review explores: (1) the multifaceted strategies that plants use to adapt to metal(loid) toxicity in their environment; (2) the latest findings in metal(loid)-mediated transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies across various plant species; (3) the integration of omics data with artificial intelligence and high-throughput phenotyping; (4) the latest bioinformatics databases, tools and pipelines for single and/or multi-omics data integration; (5) the latest insights into stress adaptations and tolerance mechanisms for future outlooks; and (6) the capacity of omics advances for creating sustainable and resilient crop plants that can thrive in metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hajar Salehi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Shanza Bashir
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaria Tabassum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Rutwik Barmukh
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bio-Resources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, JK, India
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
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Khalid M, Liu X, Ur Rahman S, Rehman A, Zhao C, Li X, Yucheng B, Hui N. Responses of microbial communities in rhizocompartments of king grass to phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167226. [PMID: 37734611 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
King grass has been recognized as a potential phytoremediation plant species due to its high biomass and resistance to heavy metals (HMs). However, the possible impacts of cadmium (Cd) contamination on rhizocompartments' microbial activities in association with king grass have not been extensively explored. The utilization of 16S rRNA gene and ITS sequencing was carried out to examine alterations in the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of king grass in response to low and high Cd stress. Results demonstrated that both bacterial and fungal communities' diversity and richness were negatively impacted by Cd stress, regardless of its concentration. However, evenness did not exhibit any significant response to either of the concentrations. Additionally, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.001) in microbial communities under different treatments. The abundance of bacterial taxa such as Steroibacter, Nitrospira, Pseudoxanthomonas, Cellvirio, Phenylobacterium, Mycobacterium, Pirellula and Aquicella was adversely affected under Cd stress while Flavobacterium, Gemmata, Thiobacillus and Gemmatimonas showed no prominent response, indicating their resistance to Cd stress. Like that, certain fungal taxa for instance, Cladosporium, Cercophora, Acremonium, Mortierella, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Glomus and Sebacina were also highly reduced by low and high Cd stress. In contrast, Fusarium, Thanatephorus, Botrytis and Curvularia did not show any response to Cd stress. The identified taxa may have a crucial role in the growth of king grass under heavy metal contamination, making them promising candidates for developing bioinoculants to encourage plant performance and phytoremediation capability in HM-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Biology, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Saeed Ur Rahman
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Asad Rehman
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bian Yucheng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nan Hui
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China; Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China.
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Xu L, Xue X, Yan Y, Zhao X, Li L, Sheng K, Zhang Z. Silicon Combined with Melatonin Reduces Cd Absorption and Translocation in Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3537. [PMID: 37896001 PMCID: PMC10609755 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic and widely distributed heavy metal pollutants, posing a huge threat to crop production, food security, and human health. Corn is an important food source and feed crop. Corn growth is subject to Cd stress; thus, reducing cadmium stress, absorption, and transportation is of great significance for achieving high yields, a high efficiency, and sustainable and safe corn production. The use of silicon or melatonin alone can reduce cadmium accumulation and toxicity in plants, but it is unclear whether the combination of silicon and melatonin can further reduce the damage caused by cadmium. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of melatonin and silicon on maize growth and cadmium accumulation. The results showed that cadmium stress significantly inhibited the growth of maize, disrupted its physiological processes, and led to cadmium accumulation in plants. Compared to the single treatment of silicon or melatonin, the combined application of melatonin and silicon significantly alleviated the inhibition of the growth of maize seedlings caused by cadmium stress. This was demonstrated by the increased plant heights, stem diameters, and characteristic root parameters and the bioaccumulation in maize seedlings. Under cadmium stress, the combined application of silicon and melatonin increased the plant height and stem diameter by 17.03% and 59.33%, respectively, and increased the total leaf area by 43.98%. The promotion of corn growth is related to the reduced oxidative damage under cadmium stress, manifested in decreases in the malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity and increases in antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activities, as well as in soluble protein and chlorophyll contents. In addition, cadmium accumulation in different parts of maize seedlings and the health risk index of cadmium were significantly reduced, reaching 48.44% (leaves), 19.15% (roots), and 20.86% (health risk index), respectively. Therefore, melatonin and silicon have a significant synergistic effect in inhibiting cadmium absorption and reducing the adverse effects of cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xing Xue
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Yan Yan
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Lijie Li
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Kun Sheng
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
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Hanife S, Namdjoyan S, Kermanian H. Synergistic effects of exogenous glutathione and calcium on ascorbate-glutathione cycle and glutathione-associated enzymes upregulation under lead stress in Brassica napus L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:108979-108991. [PMID: 37759048 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) such as lead (Pb) pose a significant threat to global food security due to their adverse effect on the health of crop plants. Calcium (Ca) and Glutathione (GSH) are signaling molecules to scavenge free radicals in HM-stressed plants. In this study, GSH and Ca's role is examined in supporting canola seedlings against Pb toxicity. In a pot experiment, the administration of Glutathione (GSH, 0 and 100 µM) and/or calcium (CaCl2, 0 and 500 µM) in canola seedlings was examined under lead stress (0 and 100 µM of Pb(NO3)2. Compared with the control samples, Pb treatment increased MDA and H2O2 values by 61 and 53%, respectively, indicative of oxidative burst. However, using a combination of GSH and Ca lowered oxidative stress in Pb-stressed plants by an approximately twofold reduction in MDA and H2O2 content. Total PC content increased by 78% in Pb-stressed plants, suggesting that these chelating peptides diminish the damaging effects of Pb. Interestingly, further boosts in total PC levels were recorded in Pb-stressed plants treated with GSH and Ca concurrently. The addition of exogenous GSH and Ca to Pb-stressed canola plants limited Pb uptake and translocation and improved ascorbate-glutathione cycle performance. Moreover, compared to their separate usage, the co-treatment of exogenous GSH and Ca strengthened the GSH pool by increasing the activities of enzymes involved in GSH metabolism. The findings demonstrate that exogenous GSH and Ca modulate GSH synthesis, metabolism, and redox homeostasis synergistically to enhance resistance to oxidative stress generated by Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Hanife
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Science Faculty, Shahr-E-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Namdjoyan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Kermanian
- Department of Biorefinery Engineering, Faculty of New Technologies and Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Bomfim NCP, Aguilar JV, Ferreira TC, Dos Santos BS, de Paiva WDS, de Souza LA, Camargos LS. Root development in Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit enhances copper accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80245-80260. [PMID: 37294492 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTE) in soil like copper (Cu) have been common in agricultural and mining areas worldwide. The sustainable remediation of these areas has been shown to have high socio-environmental relevance and phytoremediation is one of the green technologies to be considered. The challenge is to identify species that are tolerant to PTE, and to assess their phytoremediation potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological response of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit and to determine the species tolerance and phytoremediation potential to concentrations of Cu in the soil (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/dm3). The photosynthetic rate was not affected, while the content of chlorophylls decreased as Cu concentrations increased. There was an increased in stomatal conductance and water use efficiency from the treatment of 300. The root biomass and the length were bigger than the shoots, in the treatments above 300. Cu accumulation was greater in the roots than in the shoot of the plants, thus, the Cu translocation index to the shoot was lower. The ability to absorb and accumulate, mainly, Cu in the roots, allowed the development and growth of plants, since the parameters of photosynthesis and biomass accumulation were not affected by the Cu excess. This accumulation in the roots is characterized as a strategy for the phytostabilization of Cu. Therefore, L. leucocephala is tolerant to the Cu concentrations evaluated and has a potential phytoremediation of Cu in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane Cristina Pires Bomfim
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Jailson Vieira Aguilar
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Tassia Caroline Ferreira
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Silvério Dos Santos
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Wesller da Silva de Paiva
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Anjos de Souza
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, 75901-970, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Liliane Santos Camargos
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil.
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10
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Bomfim NCP, Aguilar JV, Ferreira TC, de Souza LA, Camargos LS. Could nitrogen compounds be indicators of tolerance to high doses of Cu and Fe in the cultivation of Leucaena leucocephala? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:489-498. [PMID: 36512983 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen metabolism and the production of primary and secondary metabolites vary according to biotic and abiotic factors such as trace elements (TE) stress, and can, therefore, be considered biomarkers. The present study evaluated the effect of copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) TE, separately, on the metabolism of nitrogen compounds and biomass production, partitioned into shoot and roots of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit., and identified possible defense mechanisms linked to nitrogen metabolism. At 120 days of cultivation, the biomass production of L. leucocephala was higher when exposed to excess Fe than Cu. Nonetheless, the biomass gain (%) of plants exposed to Cu was higher, especially the biomass gains in roots. The tolerance and biomass production of L. leucocephala is related to the regulation of nitrogen metabolism and production of secondary metabolites. The biochemistry of plant metabolism against the excess of Cu and Fe TE manifested similarly, but with some specifics regarding the chemical nature of each metal. There was a reduction in the content of ureides and proteins and an increase in amino acids in the roots in relation to the increase in Cu and Fe concentrations. There was low accumulation of proline in the roots in treatments 400 and 500 mg/dm3 compared to the control for both TE. On the other hand, the total phenolic compounds in the roots increased. Our results indicate that the increased synthesis of amino acids and the accumulation of phenolic compounds is involved in the tolerance of L. leucocephala to Cu and Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane Cristina Pires Bomfim
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil.
| | - Jailson Vieira Aguilar
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Tassia Caroline Ferreira
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil
| | | | - Liliane Santos Camargos
- Department of Biology and Zootechny, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira. Plant Metabolism Physiology Laboratory. Rua Monção, 226, Rua Monção, 226, Zona Norte, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, 15385-000, Brazil.
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11
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Gan C, Liu Z, Pang B, Zuo D, Hou Y, Zhou L, Yu J, Chen L, Wang H, Gu L, Du X, Zhu B, Yi Y. Integrative physiological and transcriptome analyses provide insights into the Cadmium (Cd) tolerance of a Cd accumulator: Erigeron canadensis. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:778. [PMID: 36443662 PMCID: PMC9703714 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic pollutant in soil and water that severely hampers the growth and reproduction of plants. Phytoremediation has been presented as a cost-effective and eco-friendly method for addressing heavy metal pollution. However, phytoremediation is restricted by the limited number of accumulators and the unknown mechanisms underlying heavy metal tolerance. In this study, we demonstrated that Erigeron canadensis (Asteraceae), with its strong adaptability, is tolerant to intense Cd stress (2 mmol/L CdCl2 solution). Moreover, E. canadensis exhibited a strong ability to accumulate Cd2+ when treated with CdCl2 solution. The activity of some antioxidant enzymes, as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, was significantly increased when E. canadensis was treated with different CdCl2 solutions (0.5, 1, 2 mmol/L CdCl2). We found high levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities under 1 mmol/L CdCl2 treatment. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 5,284 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the roots and 3,815 DEGs in the shoots after E. canadensis plants were exposed to 0.5 mM Cd. Functional annotation of key DEGs indicated that signal transduction, hormone response, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism responded significantly to Cd. In particular, the DEGs involved in auxin (IAA) and ethylene (ETH) signal transduction were overrepresented in shoots, indicating that these genes are mainly involved in regulating plant growth and thus likely responsible for the Cd tolerance. Overall, these results not only determined that E. canadensis can be used as a potential accumulator of Cd but also provided some clues regarding the mechanisms underlying heavy metal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Gan
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaochao Liu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Pang
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zuo
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunyan Hou
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhou Zhou
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- grid.449845.00000 0004 1757 5011School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongcheng Wang
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Gu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuye Du
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Yi
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
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12
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Yu X, Liang L, Xie Y, Tang Y, Tan H, Zhang J, Lin L, Sun B, Huang Z, Liu J, Li X, Tu L, Li H. Comparative Analysis of Italian Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L. var. ramose) Transcriptome Profiles Reveals the Molecular Mechanism on Exogenous Melatonin Preventing Cadmium Toxicity. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:955. [PMID: 35741717 PMCID: PMC9223142 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in lettuce causes a large amount of yield loss during industry. Although many studies report that exogenous melatonin helps to alleviate the Cd stress of lettuce, the molecular mechanism for how plant tissue responds to Cd treatment is unclear. Herein, we applied both PacBio and Illumina techniques for Italian lettuce under different designed treatments of Cd and melatonin, aiming to reveal the potential molecular pathway of the response to Cd stress as well as the how the pre-application of exogenous melatonin affect this process. This result reveals that the root has the biggest expression pattern shift and is a more essential tissue to respond to both Cd and melatonin treatments than leaves. We reveal the molecular background of the Cd stress response in prospects of antioxidant and hormone signal transduction pathways, and we found that their functions are diverged and specifically expressed in tissues. We also found that candidate genes related to melatonin detoxify during Cd stress. Our study sheds new light for future research on how melatonin improves the cadmium resistance of lettuce and also provide valuable data for lettuce breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Yu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Le Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Yongdong Xie
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.X.); (H.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Yi Tang
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (L.L.)
| | - Huaqiang Tan
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.X.); (H.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Lijin Lin
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (L.L.)
| | - Bo Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Ji Liu
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.X.); (H.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.Y.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (B.S.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu 610300, China
| | - Lihua Tu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Huanxiu Li
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (L.L.)
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13
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Almendros P, González D, Fernández MD, García-Gomez C, Obrador A. Both Zn biofortification and nutrient distribution pattern in cherry tomato plants are influenced by the application of ZnO nanofertilizer. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09130. [PMID: 35846478 PMCID: PMC9280379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to determine the influence of commercial nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) at different doses for use as nanofertilizer on nutrient uptake and its distribution in cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L var. cerasiforme) plants in an acidic (soil pH 5.5) and calcareous soil (soil pH 8.5) from the Mediterranean area. We determined crop yield; macro- (N, P, K, Mg, S and Ca) and micro-nutrient (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na and Zn) concentrations in the different parts of the crop (root, stem, leaves and tomato fruits) and the extent of nutrient translocation to the aerial part of the plant. The concentrations of macronutrients N, P, K and Mg in tomato fruits grown in both soils can be considered adequate in terms of nutritional requirements. However, the Ca concentration in tomato fruits grown in the calcareous soil did not reach the required concentration to be considered sufficient. This effect was related to the characteristics of this calcareous soil. Although different concentrations of ZnO-NPs did not affect Fe and Na concentrations in tomato fruit, B concentration in tomato fruits increased with the application of ZnO-NPs. In addition, Cu concentration decreased with the application of ZnO-NPs compared to treatments without any Zn application (Nil-ZnO NP) in the calcareous soil. Manganese concentrations decreased with ZnO-NPs application in both soils. The effect of the application of ZnO-NPs depends on soil characteristics. Zinc applied as a nanofertilizer in the form of ZnO-NPs can be used to increase the crop yield and to obtain an adequate Zn biofortification in cherry tomato crop. The Zn concentrations in tomato fruits reached ranges of 4.5–4.8 mg Zn kg−1 in the acidic soil and 2.5–3,5 mg Zn kg−1 in the calcareous soil. Nutrient concentrations in these fruits following biofortification are adequate for human consumption.
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14
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Mohammadi S, Keshavarzi B, Moore F, Afzali SF, Sorooshian A. Macronutrients, trace metals and health risk assessment in agricultural soil and edible plants of Mahshahr City, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:131. [PMID: 35089440 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the geochemistry of macro- (Fe, P, Ca, S, K, Na, Mg) and micronutrients (Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Mn, Cd, Sr, Cr, Hg, Se), along with possible health risks of heavy metals contamination in agricultural soils and vegetables of the Mahshahr industrial port in Iran. Calculation of geochemical coefficients revealed the low pollution load of Mahshahr agricultural soils. Most of the investigated elements exhibited lower concentrations in soil than international standards. Element concentrations in plant samples were far below the permissible values set by environmental agencies. Based on permissible values, there was deficiency of several soil elements, including Cu, in vegetables because they are mostly present in the soil residual phase. An exception was Mn, which is the most mobile element in soil. The transfer factor (TF) of elements showed the following trend: K > Na > P > S > Mo > Hg > Se > Zn > Cd > Cu > Mg > Mn > Ca > Cr > Co ≈ Fe = Pb. There was high transfer of major elements from soil to plants, and lower values for micronutrients and heavy metals. The calculated daily intake (DIM) and health risk index (HRI) for ten plant species for adults were < 1, while the HRI was larger than 1 for Mn via radish consumption. According to geochemical investigations and statistical tests such as principal component analysis, Kruskal-Wallis, and correlation coefficient calculations, plant species play the most important role in elemental uptake by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Mohammadi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran.
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| | - Seyed Fakhreddin Afzali
- Department of Natural Resource and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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15
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Farooq MU, Ishaaq I, Barutcular C, Skalicky M, Maqbool R, Rastogi A, Hussain S, Allakhverdiev SI, Zhu J. Mitigation effects of selenium on accumulation of cadmium and morpho-physiological properties in rice varieties. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:1-13. [PMID: 34839203 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a beneficial element, but only when present within its permissible range. Its hyper-accumulation in edible plant parts can cause Se toxicity. This study aimed to develop an agronomic plan for biofortification of rice with Se and reclamation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil, utilizing sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) as soil treatments. Biofortification was performed on two target rice varieties: genotypes 5097A/R2035 and GangYou725, in field trials by applying Cd at a concentration of 0-8 mg kg soil-1 and Se at 0-1 mg kg soil-1. Since these rice varieties have different metabolic specificity, the degree of elemental accumulation, deviations in chlorophyll concentration, activity of photosynthetic apparatus and grain yield were assessed. It was found that application of 1 mg kg-1 Se2O3 decrease Cd content and increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity while grain yield was unaffected by application of the metallic trace-elements. Comparing effects at different stages, we found that the 50% heading stage was most sensitive to metal application. In sum, Se mitigates Cd toxicity, but hyperaccumulation of Se (4 mg kg-1) in polished rice was observed with Cd at 4 and 8 mg kg-1. The elevated level of Cd stress in pot experiments resulted in over-accumulation of Se in the germ and endosperm that poses serious health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umer Farooq
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey; Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China; Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Iqra Ishaaq
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Celaleddin Barutcular
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rizwana Maqbool
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, China
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- К.А. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- Demonstration Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation of Sichuan Province, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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16
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Identification of NRAMP4 from Arabis paniculata enhance cadmium tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Su L, Xie Y, He Z, Zhang J, Tang Y, Zhou X. Network response of two cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars to Cadmium stress as revealed by transcriptome analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112473. [PMID: 34224970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination severely threatens human health. Therefore, screening and breeding low-Cd absorption cultivars of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is essential to restrict human Cd intake. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to perform a comparative transcriptome analysis of the leaves of two cherry tomato cultivars with different Cd contents under different Cd stress (0, 10, and 50 μM), for the purpose of exploring the differences in the transcriptional responses to Cd stress between the two cultivars. Our results revealed that the Cd content in the leaves of HLZ (Hanluzhe; a low-Cd accumulation cultivar) was significantly lower than that in the leaves of LFC (Lvfeicui; a high-Cd accumulation cultivar). Transcriptome analysis showed that the different expression genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, antioxidant enzymes, cell wall biosynthesis, and metal transportation. In the LFC leaves, DEGs in the IAA signal transduction and antioxidant enzymes exhibited higher transcription levels. However, the DEGs in the ETH signal transduction demonstrated a lower transcription level compared to that of HLZ. Over-expressed genes in the pectin biosynthesis and pectin methylesterase (PME) of the LFC leaves might result in the trapping of Cd by increased levels of low-methylated pectin around the cell wall. Furthermore, Cd transporter genes, such as HMA5, NRAMP6, CAX3, ABCC3, and PDR1, were up-regulated in the HLZ leaves, indicating that the HLZ cultivar comprised an active Cd transport capacity from apoplast to vacuolar. This may contribute to the low Cd concentration observed in the HLZ leaves. Overall, our study provides a molecular basis for tomato screening and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Su
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yongdong Xie
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute for Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Zhongqun He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yi Tang
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
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18
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Alam I, Alam M, Khan A, Haq SU, Ayaz A, Jalal A, Bhat JA. Biochar supplementation regulates growth and heavy metal accumulation in tomato grown in contaminated soils. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:340-351. [PMID: 33840098 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application has recently gained increased attention to reclaim heavy metal degraded soils. In this context, the present study investigated the effects of biochar on the growth regulation and heavy metal accumulation in tomato grown on contaminated soils. A two-factorial design with factor A including three treatments with mine (contaminated soil) and garden soil in the following ratio viz., T1 = 1:2, T2 = 1:1, and T3 = 2:1, and garden soil only as control; whereas factor B consists of biochar amendments at three levels viz., B1 (3%), B2 (6%), and B3 (9%). Our results revealed significant negative effects of heavy metal-contaminated soil on plant growth, and besides resulted heavy metal accumulation in tomato fruit. Tomato plants showed maximum reduction of growth in T3 followed by T2, and lowest in T1, a similar pattern was found for accumulation of heavy metals in the fruit. However, the application of biochar reduced the bioavailability and accumulation of heavy metals in the tomato fruit, as well as improved plant growth in contaminated soils. Overall, among the three biochar treatments, B2 was determined as the optimum level for improved growth coupled with reduced heavy metal accumulation in the tomato fruit. Besides, biochar application decreased the daily intake of metals and human health risk index values, thus alleviating the health risk. Hence, the present study demonstrated a positive role of biochar in reclaiming heavy metal-contaminated soils and in increasing the plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intikhab Alam
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Alam
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Anwarzeb Khan
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Mingora, Pakistan
| | - Saeed-Ul Haq
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Ayaz
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Abdul Jalal
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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19
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He L, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Chen C, He M, Tan F. Irrigating digestate to improve cadmium phytoremediation potential of Pennisetum hybridum. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130592. [PMID: 34134411 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability of heavy metal and growth of hyperaccumulator are key factors controlling the phytoextraction of heavy metal from soil. In this study, the efficacy and potential microbial mechanisms of digestate application in enhancing Cd extraction from soil by Pennisetum hybridum were investigated. The results showed that digestate application significantly promoted the height, tiller number, and biomass yield of Pennisetum hybridum. The application also increased the activities of urease, sucrase, dehydrogenase, available Cd contents of rhizosphere soils (from 2.21 to 2.46 mg kg-1), and the transfer factors of Cd from root to shoot and leaf. Assuming three annual harvests, digestate application would substantially reduce time needed for Pennisetum hybridum to completely absorb Cd from soil-from 15-16 yr-10 yr. Furthermore, the results of microbial community diversity analysis showed that digestate irrigation was more facilitated for the growth of the predominant bacteria, which were Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi at phylum level, and Sphingomonas and Nitrospiraat genus level, which mainly have the functions of promoted plant growth and metal resistance. The results suggested that the enhanced phytoextraction of Cd by Pennisetum hybridum with digestate application might mainly attributed to the increased Cd bio-availability and the enhanced plant growth, indicating that an approach combining digestate and Pennisetum hybridum could be a promising strategy for remediating Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin He
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qili Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chenghan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Mingxiong He
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Furong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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Naeem N, Khalid N, Sarfraz W, Ejaz U, Yousaf A, Rizvi ZF, Ikram S. Assessment of Lead and Cadmium Pollution in Soil and Wild Plants at Different Functional Areas of Sialkot. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:336-342. [PMID: 33974085 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a great hazard to the environment that enters the ecosystem through different natural and anthropogenic sources. A study was performed to evaluate concentrations of Cd and Pb in selected plants, Ricinus communis and Parthenium hysterophorus, and soils from different functional sites in Sialkot. Maximum fresh and dry weights of R. communis were recorded from control and field sites. Highest concentrations of Cd in P. hysterophorus (33.5 mg kg-1) and R. communis (24.36 ± 2.83 mg kg-1) were recorded at residential and industrial sites, respectively. However, road site samples showed maximum concentrations of Pb both in R. communis (9.06 ± 0.35 mg kg-1) and P. hysterophorus (7.90 ± 0.36 mg kg-1). Soil from the road site were found to be highly acidic (pH 4.75 ± 0.04), while the field site showed highest EC (494 ± 3.60) and TDS (509 ± 3.00) values. Generally, there were reductions in chlorophyll a and carotenoids, but an increase in chlorophyll b was observed in both plants at all sites compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayab Naeem
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan.
| | - Wajiha Sarfraz
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ujala Ejaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anum Yousaf
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | | | - Sobia Ikram
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences, CQ University, Rockhampton, Australia
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21
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Török AI, Moldovan A, Levei EA, Cadar O, Tănăselia C, Moldovan OT. Assessment of Lithium, Macro- and Microelements in Water, Soil and Plant Samples from Karst Areas in Romania. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4002. [PMID: 34300922 PMCID: PMC8306611 DOI: 10.3390/ma14144002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Lithium is a critical element for the modern society due to its uses in various industrial sectors. Despite its unequal distribution in the environment, Li occurrence in Romania was scarcely studied. In this study a versatile measurement method using ICP-MS technique was optimized for the determination of Li from various matrixes. Water, soil, and plant samples were collected from two important karst areas in the Dobrogea and Banat regions, Romania. The Li content was analyzed together with other macro- and microelement contents to find the relationship between the concentration of elements and their effect on the plants' Li uptake. In Dobrogea region, half of the studied waters had high Li concentration, ranging between 3.00 and 12.2 μg/L in the case of water and between 0.88 and 11.1 mg/kg DW in the case of plants, while the Li content in the soil samples were slightly comparable (from 9.85 to 11.3 mg/kg DW). In the Banat region, the concentration of Li was lower than in Dobrogea (1.40-1.46 μg/L in water, 6.50-9.12 mg/kg DW in soil, and 0.19-0.45 mg/kg DW in plants). Despite the high Li contents in soil, the Li was mostly unavailable for plants uptake and bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Iulia Török
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.); (O.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Ana Moldovan
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.); (O.C.); (C.T.)
- Faculty of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Technical University, 103-105 Muncii Boulevard, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Erika Andrea Levei
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.); (O.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Oana Cadar
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.); (O.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Claudiu Tănăselia
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.); (O.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Oana Teodora Moldovan
- Cluj Department, Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, 5 Clinicilor, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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22
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Li X, Li X, Li Y, Dai X, Zhang Q, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Tao Y, Chen W, Zhang M, Zhou X, Yang S, Ma Y, Zhran M, Zou X. Improved immobilization of soil cadmium by regulating soil characteristics and microbial community through reductive soil disinfestation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146222. [PMID: 33714838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination arising from industrialization has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) as an effective agricultural practice has been widely applied for soil sterilization. However, there is little research regarding RSD affecting Cd immobilization. Here, five treatments, namely untreated soil (CK), flooding-treated soil (FL), RSD with 2% ethyl alcohol (EA), 2% sugarcane bagasse (SB), and 2% bean dregs (BD) were designed to detect their performance for Cd immobilization in contaminated soils, and the change of soil properties and microbial communities were monitored. The results revealed that pH significantly increased in FL and RSD-treated soils, but was negatively correlated with the exchangeable fraction of Cd (EX-Cd), while Oxidation-Reduction Potential (Eh) significantly decreased in FL and RSD-treated soils, and was positively correlated with EX-Cd. BD treatment might contribute to the increase of CaCO3 as shown by X-Ray Diffractomer analysis and strongly decreased the EX-Cd in the soil, but increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes, which may promote Fe (III) reduction or induce resistance to Cd. Bacterial communities at the phylum and genus levels were closely related to Cd fraction. The FL and RSD treatments moderately altered bacterial specific functions, including iron respiration, which may contribute to remediation of Cd-polluted soil by Fe (III) reduction. Field experiments were conducted to confirm that BD treatment resulted in a significant increase in pH whereas the content of total available Cd was reduced in soils. Compared to the control, concentration of total available Cd of red amaranth, sweet potato, towel gourd, and cowpeas were reduced by approximately 46%, 74%, 72%, and 76% in a BD-treated field, respectively. Our study highlights the potential of RSD as an effective method for Cd immobilization in contaminated soils by improving soil characteristics and altering the composition of the microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiongze Dai
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Qingzhuang Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Wenchao Chen
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yanqing Ma
- Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Hunan Province, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Mostafa Zhran
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abou-Zaabl 13759, Egypt
| | - Xuexiao Zou
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha 410000, China; Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China.
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23
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Lien KW, Pan MH, Ling MP. Levels of heavy metal cadmium in rice (Oryza sativa L.) produced in Taiwan and probabilistic risk assessment for the Taiwanese population. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28381-28390. [PMID: 33543437 PMCID: PMC8164619 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic pollutant that is widely spread through industrial production and agricultural practices. Epidemiological data has revealed that lifetime exposure to environmentally relevant levels of Cd increases the risk of developing various organ diseases, including chronic kidney, heart, and lung diseases, as well as nervous tissue disorders. This study assessed Cd levels in rice to determine the health risks associated with rice consumption in various age-gender subgroups in Taiwan. The distribution of Cd concentration, the lifetime average daily dose (LADD), and the hazard index (HI) were estimated by Monte Carlo simulation. In the general population, the 50th percentile LADD of Cd for male rice consumers between the ages of 19-65 years was 0.06 μg/kg body weight per day, and the hazard index (HI) 50th, 90th, and 95th percentiles were 0.16, 0.69, and 1.54, respectively. According to the HI heat map for the exposure of the general population to Cd from rice in Taiwan, the highest exposure to Cd was noted in the Yilan area (HI 0.64). Therefore, rice production in the Yilan area should be further monitored to evaluate the levels of Cd contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Wen Lien
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Da’an District, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 202 Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Da’an District, Taipei City, 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Rd, North District, Taichung City, 404 Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, No. 500, Liufeng Rd, Wufeng District, Taichung City, 41354 Taiwan
| | - Min-Pei Ling
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 202 Taiwan
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Alharby HF, Al-Zahrani HS, Hakeem KR, Alsamadany H, Desoky ESM, Rady MM. Silymarin-Enriched Biostimulant Foliar Application Minimizes the Toxicity of Cadmium in Maize by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Elevating Antioxidant Gene Expression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030465. [PMID: 33801090 PMCID: PMC8004092 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
For maize, the potential preventive role of foliar spraying with an extract derived from maize grain (MEg, 2%), silymarin (Sm, 0.5 mM), or silymarin-enriched MEg (MEg-Sm) in attenuating the stress effects of cadmium (Cd, 0.5 mM) was examined using a completely randomized design layout. Under normal conditions, foliar spraying with MEg, Sm, or MEg-Sm was beneficial (with MEg-Sm preferred) for maize plants, whereas the benefit was more pronounced under Cd stress. The use of Cd through irrigation water decreased plant growth traits, photosynthetic efficiency, including instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, Fv/Fm, and pigment contents, and hormonal contents (e.g., auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins including trans-zeatin, and salicylic acid). These undesired findings were due to an increase in Cd content, leading to increased levels of oxidative stress (O2•− and H2O2), ionic leakage, and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, this damage resulted in an increase in the activities of nonenzymatic antioxidants, Sm, antioxidative enzymes, and enzyme gene expression. However, under Cd stress, although foliar spray with MEg or Sm had better findings than control, MEg-Sm had better findings than MEg or Sm. Application of MEg-Sm greatly increased photosynthesis efficiency, restored hormonal homeostasis, and further increased the activities of various antioxidants, Sm, antioxidative enzymes, and enzyme gene expression. These desired findings were due to the suppression of the Cd content, and thus the levels of O2•−, H2O2, ionic leakage, and lipid peroxidation, which were positively reflected in the growth and accumulation of dry matter in maize plants. The data obtained in this study recommend applying silymarin-enriched maize grain extract (MEg-Sm at 0.24 g Sm L−1 of MEg) as a spray solution to maize plants when exposed to excess Cd in soil or irrigation water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham F. Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; (H.F.A.); (H.S.A.-Z.); (K.R.H.); (H.A.)
| | - Hassan S. Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; (H.F.A.); (H.S.A.-Z.); (K.R.H.); (H.A.)
| | - Khalid R. Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; (H.F.A.); (H.S.A.-Z.); (K.R.H.); (H.A.)
| | - Hameed Alsamadany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; (H.F.A.); (H.S.A.-Z.); (K.R.H.); (H.A.)
| | - El-Sayed M. Desoky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mostafa M. Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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25
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Chtouki M, Naciri R, Soulaimani A, Zeroual Y, El Gharous M, Oukarroum A. Effect of Cadmium and Phosphorus Interaction on Tomato: Chlorophyll a Fluorescence, Plant Growth, and Cadmium Translocation. WATER, AIR, & SOIL POLLUTION 2021; 232:84. [DOI: 10.1007/s11270-021-05038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
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26
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Yuvaraj A, Govarthanan M, Karmegam N, Biruntha M, Kumar DS, Arthanari M, Govindarajan RK, Tripathi S, Ghosh S, Kumar P, Kannan S, Thangaraj R. Metallothionein dependent-detoxification of heavy metals in the agricultural field soil of industrial area: Earthworm as field experimental model system. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:129240. [PMID: 33341732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms are known to reclaim soil contamination and maintain soil health. In the present study, the concentration of DTPA extractable heavy metals, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn in vermicasts and tissues of the earthworms (anecic: Lampito mauritii; epigeic: Drawida sulcata) collected from the soils of four different industrial sites, Site-I (Sago industry), Site-II (Chemplast industry), Site-III (Dairy industry) and Site-IV (Dye industry) have been studied. The heavy metals in industrial soils recorded were 0.01-326.42 mg kg-1 with higher Cu, Cr, and Zn contents while the vermicasts showed lower heavy metal loads with improved physicochemical properties and elevated humic substances. The higher humic substances dramatically decreased the heavy metals in the soil. The bioaccumulation factors of heavy metals (mg kg-1) are in the order: Zn (54.50) > Cu (17.43) > Cr (4.54) > Pb (2.24) > Cd (2.12). The greatest amount of metallothionein protein (nmol g-1) was recorded in earthworms from Site-IV (386.76) followed by Site-III (322.14), Site-II (245.82), and Site-I (232.21). Drawida sulcata can produce a considerable amount of metallothionein protein than Lampito mauritii as the metallothionein production is dependent upon the presence of pollutants. The molecular docking analysis indicates a binding score of 980 for Cd, Cr and Cu, and 372 for Zn. Pb may bind with a non-metallothionein protein of earthworms and bio-accumulated in the internal chloragogenous tissues. Metallothionein neutralizes the metal toxicity and controls the ingestion of essential elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 007, India
| | - Muniyandi Biruntha
- Vermitechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
| | | | - Mohan Arthanari
- Department of Zoology, Kandaswami Kandar's College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, 638 182, India
| | - Rasiravathanahalli Kaveriyappan Govindarajan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control and Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Sudipta Tripathi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta Baruipur, Kolkata, 700 144, India
| | - Swayambhu Ghosh
- Soils Department, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, Jorhat, Assam, 785 008, India
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630 003, India
| | - Soundarapandian Kannan
- Cancer Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India.
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Molybdenum Supply Alleviates the Cadmium Toxicity in Fragrant Rice by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Gene Expression. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111582. [PMID: 33233373 PMCID: PMC7700372 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that cadmium (Cd) toxicity causes severe perturbations on growth performance, physio-biochemical and molecular processes in crop plants. Molybdenum (Mo), an essential trace element, plays key roles in oxidative stress tolerance of higher plants. Hence, the present study has been conducted to investigate the possible role of Mo in alleviating Cd-induced inhibitions in two fragrant rice cultivars namely Guixiangzhan (GXZ) and Meixiangzhan-2 (MXZ-2). The results revealed that Mo application enhanced the plant dry biomass by 73.24% in GXZ and 58.09% in MXZ-2 under Cd stress conditions, suggesting that Mo supplementation alleviated Cd-induced toxicity effects in fragrant rice. The enhanced Cd-tolerance in fragrant rice plants prompted by Mo application could be ascribed to its ability to regulate Cd uptake and reduce Cd-induced oxidative stress as evident by lower hydrogen peroxide levels, electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde contents in Cd-stressed plants. The ameliorative role of Mo against Cd-toxicity also reflected through its protection to the photosynthetic pigments, proline and soluble protein. Mo also induced antioxidant defense systems via maintaining higher contents of glutathione and ascorbate as well as enhancing the ROS-detoxifying enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activities and up-regulating transcript abundance in both fragrant rice cultivars under Cd stress. Conclusively, Mo-mediated modulation of Cd toxicity in fragrant rice was through restricting Cd uptake, maintaining photosynthetic performance and alleviating oxidative damages via the strong anti-oxidative defense systems; however, GXZ cultivar is comparatively more Cd tolerant and Mo-efficient as evident from the less growth inhibition and biomass reduction as well as enhanced Mo-induced Cd stress tolerance and less oxidative damage than MXZ-2 fragrant rice cultivar.
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Yotsova E, Dobrikova A, Stefanov M, Misheva S, Bardáčová M, Matušíková I, Žideková L, Blehová A, Apostolova E. Effects of cadmium on two wheat cultivars depending on different nitrogen supply. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:789-799. [PMID: 32877878 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution as well as improper fertilization management represent serious threats to a clean environment and healthy food. This study was conducted to investigate how nitrogen supply influences a plant's ability to cope with cadmium stress in the two wheat cultivars - the modern cv. Katya (carrier of the semi-dwarfing gene Rht8) and the old cv. Slomer. Here we examined the effects of 100 μM CdCl2 on both wheat genotypes grown hydroponically under three different nutrition regimes of 5.5, 10 and 20 mM NO3- by investigating plant growth, pigment content and the functional activity of the photosynthetic apparatus through a combination of PAM chlorophyll fluorescence, P700 photooxidation, oxygen evolution and oxidative stress markers. Data showed that the different genetic background affects the different strategies for metal uptake and allocation, as well as abilities to deal with oxidative stress. The modern cv. Katya restricts the entry of the metal to the roots, but allows its translocation to the shoots. Nevertheless, the photosynthetic performance indicated better protection, possibly mediated by the Rht8 allele. In contrast, the old cv. Slomer tolerates higher cadmium levels in roots and possesses efficient barriers against its transfer to the shoots, but still showed more impaired photosynthetic activity. In general, the impact of cadmium on the photosynthetic apparatus was most deleterious under the lowest nitrogen concentration which was applied, while the highest nitrogen supply alleviated the negative effects of cadmium. The data suggest that the modern breeding allele (Rht8), as well as a better nutrition might contribute to the tolerance to heavy metal stress in the wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Yotsova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Dobrikova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Stefanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlana Misheva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Monika Bardáčová
- University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Námestie J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Ildikó Matušíková
- University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Námestie J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Laura Žideková
- University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Department of Biochemistry, Námestie J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Alžbeta Blehová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 84 215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Emilia Apostolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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29
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Liu X, Yin L, Deng X, Gong D, Du S, Wang S, Zhang Z. Combined application of silicon and nitric oxide jointly alleviated cadmium accumulation and toxicity in maize. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122679. [PMID: 32330780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a serious threat to plants and humans. Application of silicon (Si) or nitric oxide (NO) could alleviate Cd accumulation and toxicity in plants, but whether they have joint effects on alleviating of Cd accumulation and toxicity are not known. Therefore, the combined effect of Si and NO application on maize growth, Cd uptake, Cd transports and Cd accumulation were investigated in a pot experiment. Here, we reported that Cd stress decreased growth, caused Cd accumulation in plants. The combined application of Si and NO triggered a significant response in maize, increasing plant growth and reducing Cd uptake, accumulation, translocation and bioaccumulation factors under Cd stress. The grain Cd concentration was decreased by 66 % in the Si and NO combined treatment than Cd treatment. Moreover, the combined application of Si and NO reduced Cd health risk index in maize more effectively than either treatment alone. This study provided new evidence that Si and NO have a strong joint effect on alleviating the adverse effects of Cd toxicity by decreasing Cd uptake and accumulation. We advocate for supplement of Cd-contaminated soil with Si fertilizers and treatment of crops with NO as a practical approach to alleviating Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lina Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Di Gong
- Yan'an Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute, Yan'an, Shanxi, 716000, China.
| | - Sheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Shiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat/Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China.
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Heavy metal concentrations in soil and vegetables irrigated with sewage effluent: A case study of Embu sewage treatment plant, Kenya. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Alamer KH, Fayez KA. Impact of salicylic acid on the growth and physiological activities of parsley plants under lead toxicity. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1361-1373. [PMID: 32647454 PMCID: PMC7326881 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Impact of spraying 50 µM salicylic acid (SA), lead nitrate soil treatments [1 and 2 mM Pb (NO3)2] and their combinations on parsley leaves (Petroselinum crispum L.) for 3 weeks was studied to evaluate leaf symptoms, photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanin, ultrastructure, malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble proteins, phenolic compounds, and guaiacol peroxidase activity (GPOX). Under Pb effect, parsley leaves showed chlorosis and decline in the content of photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b) and carotenoid (Car) with increasing Pb treatments compared to the control. SA spraying helped to reduce chlorosis and increase photosynthetic pigments of Pb-treated plants compared to that of Pb treatment alone. Leaf anthocyanin content of SA-sprayed plants significantly increased compared to the control. On contrast, the anthocyanin content of Pb-treated plants with or without SA treatment decreased compared to the control. Parsley leaf chloroplasts were characterized by many and large starch grains. Deformations of chloroplast shape, increasing formation of plastoglobules and degeneration of chloroplast grana thylakoids were observed in Pb-treated plants. MDA and total phenolic compound contents increased in Pb-treated plants compared to the control. In contrast, soluble protein content decreased in Pb-treated plants. The decrease in leaf photosynthetic pigments and increase MDA contents was Pb-concentration dependent. The results as indicated by increasing lipid peroxidation confirmed Pb treatments generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) which caused oxidative stress. In contrast, SA application declined the extent of detrimental and harmful influence of Pb toxicity as indicated by the decrease MDA content, and increase in photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanin and phenolic compound contents of parsley leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hasan Alamer
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Science and Arts College–Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf Ali Fayez
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University Sohag, Sohag, Egypt
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Bashir A, Rizwan M, Ali S, Adrees M, Rehman MZU, Qayyum MF. Effect of composted organic amendments and zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth and cadmium accumulation by wheat; a life cycle study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:23926-23936. [PMID: 32301070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08739-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) availability in arable soils is a serious issue while little is known about the role of co-composted organic amendments and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) foliar spray on biomass and Cd accumulation in wheat grains. The current study investigated the soil application of organic amendment (composted biochar and farmyard manure) at a level of 0, 1, and 2% w/w and foliar spray of ZnO-NPs (0, 100, and 200 mg/L) on biomass, yield, and Cd in wheat grains cultivated in an aged Cd-contaminated agricultural soil. The results indicated that organic amendment increased the biomass, chlorophyll concentrations, yield, and activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase of wheat while decreased the electrolyte leakage and Cd concentrations in different parts of wheat such as shoots, roots, husks, and grains. This effect of organic amendment was further enhanced by the foliar spray of ZnO-NPs in a dose-additive manner. Cadmium concentration in grains was below threshold level (0.2 mg/kg DW) for cereals in combined application of 200 mg/L ZnO-NPs and 1% organic amendment as well as in higher treatment (2%) of organic amendment and NPs. Thus, combined use of organic materials and NPs might be a suitable way of reducing Cd and probably other toxic trace element concentrations in wheat and other cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Bashir
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Technology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
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Effects of cadmium perturbation on the microbial community structure and heavy metal resistome of a tropical agricultural soil. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-020-00314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe effects of cadmium (Cd) contamination on the microbial community structure, soil physicochemistry and heavy metal resistome of a tropical agricultural soil were evaluated in field-moist soil microcosms. A Cd-contaminated agricultural soil (SL5) and an untreated control (SL4) were compared over a period of 5 weeks. Analysis of the physicochemical properties and heavy metals content of the two microcosms revealed a statistically significant decrease in value of the soil physicochemical parameters (P < 0.05) and concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Fe, Cu, Se) content of the agricultural soil in SL5 microcosm. Illumina shotgun sequencing of the DNA extracted from the two microcosms showed the predominance of the phyla, classes, genera and species of Proteobacteria (37.38%), Actinobacteria (35.02%), Prevotella (6.93%), and Conexibacter woesei (8.93%) in SL4, and Proteobacteria (50.50%), Alphaproteobacteria (22.28%), Methylobacterium (9.14%), and Methylobacterium radiotolerans (12,80%) in SL5, respectively. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference between the metagenomes was observed at genus and species delineations. Functional annotation of the two metagenomes revealed diverse heavy metal resistome for the uptake, transport, efflux and detoxification of various heavy metals. It also revealed the exclusive detection in SL5 metagenome of members of RND (resistance nodulation division) protein czcCBA efflux system (czcA, czrA, czrB), CDF (cation diffusion facilitator) transporters (czcD), and genes for enzymes that protect the microbial cells against cadmium stress (sodA, sodB, ahpC). The results obtained in this study showed that Cd contamination significantly affects the soil microbial community structure and function, modifies the heavy metal resistome, alters the soil physicochemistry and results in massive loss of some autochthonous members of the community not adapted to the Cd stress.
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Ismael MA, Elyamine AM, Moussa MG, Cai M, Zhao X, Hu C. Cadmium in plants: uptake, toxicity, and its interactions with selenium fertilizers. Metallomics 2020; 11:255-277. [PMID: 30632600 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00247a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cd is the third major contaminant of greatest hazard to the environment after mercury and lead and is considered as the only metal that poses health risks to both humans and animals at plant tissue concentrations that are generally not phytotoxic. Cd accumulation in plant shoots depends on Cd entry through the roots, sequestration within root vacuoles, translocation in the xylem and phloem, and Cd dilution within the plant shoot throughout its growth. Several metal transporters, processes, and channels are involved from the first step of Cd reaching the root cells and until its final accumulation in the edible parts of the plant. It is hard to demonstrate one step as the pivotal factor to decide the Cd tolerance or accumulation ability of plants since the role of a specific transporter/process varies among plant species and even cultivars. In this review, we discuss the sources of Cd pollutants, Cd toxicity to plants, and mechanisms of Cd uptake and redistribution in plant tissues. The metal transporters involved in Cd transport within plant tissues are also discussed and how their manipulation can control Cd uptake and/or translocation. Finally, we discuss the beneficial effects of Se on plants under Cd stress, and how it can minimize or mitigate Cd toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Ismael
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Research Center of Trace Elements, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Xu X, Zhang S, Cheng Z, Li T, Jia Y, Wang G, Yang Z, Xian J, Yang Y, Zhou W. Transcriptome analysis revealed cadmium accumulation mechanisms in hyperaccumulator Siegesbeckia orientalis L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:18853-18865. [PMID: 32207009 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Siegesbeckia orientalis L. was identified as a novel Cd-hyperaccumulator and valuable phytoremediation material. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd accumulation in S. orientalis are largely unknown. In this study, RNA-Seq analysis was performed to study the Cd-accumulating mechanisms in its roots with or without Cd treatment. The RNA-seq analysis generated 312 million pairs of clean reads and 78G sequencing data. De novo transcriptome assembly produced 355,070 transcripts with an average length of 823.59 bp and 194,207 unigenes with an average length of 605.68 bp. Comparative transcriptome analyses identified a large number of differentially expressed genes in roots under Cd stress, and functional annotation suggested that S. orientalis utilizes various biological pathways involving many gene networks working simultaneously to cope with the stress. This study revealed that four biological pathways were mainly involved in S. orientalis tolerance to Cd stress, including reactive oxygen species scavenging, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, Cd absorption and transport, and ABA signaling pathway. The genes related to photosynthesis and heavy metal transport are likely the potential candidates and could be further investigated to determine their roles in Cd tolerance in S. orientalis roots. These findings will be useful to understand the Cd accumulation mechanisms in S. orientalis and facilitate the study of phytoremediation at the molecular level in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxun Xu
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Zhang Cheng
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yongxia Jia
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guiyin Wang
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhanbiao Yang
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Junren Xian
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuanxiang Yang
- School of Environment Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Zeng J, Li X, Wang X, Zhang K, Wang Y, Kang H, Chen G, Lan T, Zhang Z, Yuan S, Wang C, Zhou Y. Cadmium and lead mixtures are less toxic to the Chinese medicinal plant Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Than either metal alone. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110342. [PMID: 32109585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural production of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. is often affected by heavy metal pollution in soil, especially mixtures of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). We assessed metal-induced phytotoxicity in L. chuanxiong by exposing the plants to soil treated with Cd, Pb, or Cd/Pb mixtures. A combined Cd/Pb treatment alleviated the inhibition in plant growth, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolite generation seen in single-metal exposures in three of the four combinations. Most combined Cd/Pb treatments resulted in preferential uptake of magnesium, copper, and nitrogen in underground plant parts and accumulation of phosphorus and calcium in aboveground plant parts, thereby leading to improvements in photosynthetic potential. Compared with single-metal exposures, combined Cd/Pb treatment significantly decreased the contents of Cd by 16.67%-40.12% and Pb by 10.68%-21.70% in the plant, respectively. At the subcellular level, the Pb presence increased the Cd percentage associated with cell wall from 64.79% to 67.93% in rhizomes and from 32.76% to 45.32% in leaves, while Cd reduced Pb contents by 9.36%-46.39% in the subcellular fractions. A combined Cd/Pb treatment decreased the contents of water- and ethanol-extractable metal forms and increased the contents of acetic acid- and hydrochloric acid-extractable forms. The lower toxic effects of the Cd/Pb mixture in L. chuanxiong were associated with photosynthetic potential, subcellular distribution, the chemical forms of Cd and Pb, and synthesis of secondary metabolites. These findings are useful for plant production strategies in soils contaminated by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zeng
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Li
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kehao Zhang
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Houyang Kang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangdeng Chen
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ting Lan
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resource Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Yang Y, Shen Q. Phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated wetland soil with Typha latifolia L. and the underlying mechanisms involved in the heavy-metal uptake and removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4905-4916. [PMID: 31845259 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Typha latifolia L. on the remediation of cadmium (Cd) in wetland soil were studied using greenhouse pot culture, with soil Cd concentrations of 0, 1, and 30 mg/kg. The T. latifolia showed excellent tolerance to the low and high concentrations of Cd in soil. A higher bioaccumulation of Cd was observed in roots, with bioconcentration factor values of 51.6 and 9.30 at 1 and 30 mg/kg of Cd stress, respectively; Cd concentration in T. latifolia was 77.0 and 410.7 mg/kg, and Cd content was 0.11 and 0.22 mg/plant at the end of the test period. The soil enzyme activities (urease, alkaline phosphatase, and dehydrogenase) exposed to 0, 1, and 30 mg/kg Cd were measured after 0-, 30-, 60-, and 90-day cultivation period and showed an increasing trend with exposure time. Metabolite changes were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, combined with principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis. Among 102 metabolites, 21 compounds were found and identified, in response to treatment of T. latifolia with different Cd concentrations. The results showed that T. latifolia had a good remedial effect on Cd-contaminated soil. The metabolites of T. latifolia changed with different Cd concentration exposures, as a result of metabolic response of plants to Cd-contaminated soils. Analysis of metabolites could better reveal the pollution remediation mechanism involved in different Cd uptake and accumulate properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Qianyong Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
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Ali J, Khan S, Khan A, Waqas M, Nasir MJ. Contamination of soil with potentially toxic metals and their bioaccumulation in wheat and associated health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:138. [PMID: 31980942 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the concentrations of potential toxic metals (PTMs) in agricultural soil (n = 25) and their bioaccumulation in wheat crop (n = 25) collected from alongside the Kurram River, Pakistan. The highest concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in soil samples were 0.16, 19.5, 14.7, 46.5, 13.5, 14.5, 14.0, and 19.7 mg kg-1, respectively. In the edible tissues of cultivated wheat crop, the highest concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 0.15, 10.00, 8.75, 22.25, 11.00, 11.25, 10.50, and 7.50 mg kg-1, respectively. The selected PTM concentrations in soil samples were observed within their respective permissible limits set by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) China, while in wheat crops, the Cr and Pb concentrations were above the permissible limits of both FAO and SEPA China. The results showed that the orders of PTMs were Fe > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Mn in soil and Fe > Ni > Mn > Pb > Cr > Cu > Zn in wheat. The highest PTM concentrations were reported in the sample collected near dumping sites. The results of different soil pollution indices including geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and enrichment factor (EF) indicated that the soil of the study area was moderately to severely contaminated. The ADI values of wheat crops were less than 1, while the HQ varied among different PTMs with the highest value of 2.118 for Pb, and the lowest for Zn (0.007). The results indicated that anthropogenic intervention has made a substantial contribution to soil contamination with PTMs and subsequent uptake by wheat, which may exert potential human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Anwarzeb Khan
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
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Li B, Chen D, Yang Y, Li X. Effects of soil properties on accumulation characteristics of copper, manganese, zinc, and cadmium in Chinese turnip. PLANT DIVERSITY 2019; 41:340-346. [PMID: 31934679 PMCID: PMC6951271 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Clarifying the mechanisms of heavy metal (HM) accumulation and translocation from soil-root-leaf is crucial to coping with soil HM pollution. In this study, we analysed copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) accumulation characteristics in Chinese turnips and the effect of soil physicochemical properties on both HM accumulation and translocation. Our results indicate that Chinese turnips absorb and translocate Mn, Zn, and Cd at much higher levels than they do Cu. When we measured bioconcentration factors in Chinese turnips for different HMs in the same soil, we found Chinese turnip capacities for HM accumulation decrease from Zn > Mn > Cd > Cu. In addition, the translocation factor for these HMs decreases from Mn > Cd > Zn > Cu. Correlation analysis indicates that soil pH and various soil components are either negatively or positively correlated with Mn, Zn, and Cd accumulation; also, soil properties are correlated with Mn translocation from root to leaf. These findings may help evaluate HM accumulation and translocation mechanisms as well as artificially regulate HM uptake levels from soils to turnips.
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Key Words
- BCF, bioconcentration factor
- Bioconcentration
- CEC, cation exchange capacity
- Ca, calcium
- Cd, cadmium
- Cu, copper
- DW, dry weight
- EC, electrical conductivity
- HM, heavy metal
- Heavy metal
- Mn, manganese
- Pb, lead
- Phytoremediation
- Soil composition
- TF, translocation factor
- Turnip
- Zn, zinc
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqun Li
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Corresponding author. 132# Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
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Kanu AS, Ashraf U, Mo Z, Sabir SUR, Baggie I, Charley CS, Tang X. Calcium amendment improved the performance of fragrant rice and reduced metal uptake under cadmium toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24748-24757. [PMID: 31240656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity has detrimental effects on plant metabolism and yield formation. This study examined the effects of Cd stress in rice and the possible role of calcium (Ca) in mitigating oxidative damage caused by Cd in two fragrant rice cultivars, i.e., Guixiangzhan and Meixiangzhan 2. The experimental treatments were composed of various Ca and Cd levels as individual, i.e., Ca at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg soil (Ca1 and Ca2, respectively), Cd at 50 and 100 mg/kg soil (Cd50 and Cd100, respectively), and combined, i.e., Ca1+Cd50, Ca1+Cd100, Ca2+Cd50, and Ca2+Cd100. Plants without Ca and Cd application were taken as control (CK). Results showed that Cd stress led to a substantial decline in the photosynthetic pigments, i.e., Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoids, while enhanced oxidative damage in terms of increased levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both rice cultivars. Moreover, Cd stress hampered the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), with lowest antioxidant activities were recorded at Cd100. The overall trend (lowest to highest) for antioxidant activities across treatments was recorded as Cd100 < Ca2+Cd100 < Cd50 < Ca1+Cd100 < CK < Ca1 < Ca1+Cd50 < Ca2+Cd50 < Ca2. Similarly, Ca amendment improved the proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents in both rice cultivars under Cd stress condition. Comparing Ca2 with CK, the yield and related components, i.e., number of panicles, spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield, were found to increase by 13.08, 2.39, 4.03, 5.86, and 27.53% for Guixiangzhan and 16.48, 5.19, 6.87, 15.44, and 51.16% for Meixiangzhan, respectively. Furthermore, Cd contents in roots, stems, leaves, and grains increased with increased Cd concentration applied and reduced with Ca amendment. The Cd contents in grains for all Ca+Cd levels are statistically at par with each other and significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those for individual Cd application. Hence, Ca amendment can be an appropriate approach to ameliorate the toxic effects of Cd in crops grown under Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sheka Kanu
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), PMB 1313, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Department of Botany, University of Education (Lahore), Faisalabad-Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sabeeh-Ur-Rasool Sabir
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Idris Baggie
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), PMB 1313, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Christen Shaka Charley
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), PMB 1313, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Ashraf S, Ali Q, Zahir ZA, Ashraf S, Asghar HN. Phytoremediation: Environmentally sustainable way for reclamation of heavy metal polluted soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:714-727. [PMID: 30878808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic metals is a widespread environmental issue resulting from global industrialization within the past few years. Therefore, decontamination of heavy metal contaminated soils is very important to reduce the associated risks and for maintenance of environmental health and ecological restoration. Conventional techniques for reclamation of such soils are expensive and environmental non-friendly. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology implementing green plants to clean up the environment from contaminants and has been considered as a cost-effective and non-invasive alternative to the conventional remediation approaches. There are different types of phytoremediation including, phytostabilization, phytostimulation, phytotransformation, phytofiltration and phytoextraction, the latter being most extensively acknowledged for remediation of soils contaminated with toxic heavy metals. Recent literature is gathered to critically review the sources, hazardous effects of toxic heavy metals and environmentally sustainable phytoremediation technique for heavy metal polluted soils to offer widespread applicability of this green technology. Different strategies to enhance the bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil are also discussed shortly. It can be concluded that phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils is a reliable tool and necessary for making the land resource accessible for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ashraf
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Qasim Ali
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan; College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Ahmad Zahir
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ashraf
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Naeem Asghar
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Lavres J, Silveira Rabêlo FH, Capaldi FR, Dos Reis AR, Rosssi ML, Franco MR, Azevedo RA, Abreu-Junior CH, de Lima Nogueira N. Investigation into the relationship among Cd bioaccumulation, nutrient composition, ultrastructural changes and antioxidative metabolism in lettuce genotypes under Cd stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 170:578-589. [PMID: 30576893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is known to have high cadmium (Cd) concentrations in its shoots, which makes it necessary to protect against Cd toxicity. Understanding Cd-induced physiological responses in lettuce plants can contribute to the definition of useful strategies to decrease Cd uptake. This study aimed to gain new insights into Cd-induced stress by measuring Cd bioaccumulation, nutrient composition, anatomical and ultrastructural changes, and antioxidative metabolism in three lettuce genotypes characterized as having different degrees of Cd tolerance (Vanda = low, Lidia = medium and Stela = high). Plants were grown hydroponically with Cd concentrations of 0.0 and 0.1 or 0.5 μmol L-1, for 30 days. Cadmium uptake in the lettuce genotypes assayed is controlled by the root/shoot ratio, higher root/shoot ratios allowing greater Cd uptake. The Fe and Ni content increased in shoots of the genotype Lidia, which could be associated with a decrease in oxidative stress in chloroplasts due to superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozyme activity. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress is associated with de-structuring of the phloem and xylem in roots, and starch grain and plastoglobule accumulation in chloroplasts. Lettuce genotypes that presented higher SOD and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity presented better preserved anatomical structures. These results suggest that genotypes with less efficient antioxidant defence in the roots tend to take up more Cd, increasing root-to-shoot Cd translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Lavres
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, 13416-000 Piracicaba, Brazil.
| | | | - Flávia Regina Capaldi
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Lanzoni Rosssi
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, 13416-000 Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Mônica Regina Franco
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Neusa de Lima Nogueira
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, 13416-000 Piracicaba, Brazil
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Khan MA, Ding X, Khan S, Brusseau ML, Khan A, Nawab J. The influence of various organic amendments on the bioavailability and plant uptake of cadmium present in mine-degraded soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:810-817. [PMID: 29727847 PMCID: PMC6063314 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mining of minerals and precious elements leads to land degradation that need to be reclaimed using environmentally friendly and cost effective techniques. The present study investigated the potential effects of different organic amendments on cadmium (Cd) bioavailability in mining-degraded soil and its subsequent bioaccumulation in tomato and cucumber. The selected organic geosorbents (hard wood biochar (HWB), bagasse (BG), rice husk (RH), and maize comb waste (MCW)) were added at application rates of 3% and 5% to chromite mine-degraded soil containing Cd. Tomato and cucumber plants were then grown in the soil, and the roots, shoots, leaves, and fruits of each plant were analysed for Cd concentration, biomass production, and chlorophyll content. The results indicated that the different organic materials have variable effects on physiochemical characteristics of vegetables and Cd bioavailability. The biochar amendment significantly (P < 0.01) increased chlorophyll contents (20-40%) and biomass (40-63%), as did RH to a lesser extent (increase of 10-18% in chlorophyll content and 3-45% in biomass). Among the amendments, HWB was the most effective at reducing Cd bioavailability, wherein significant decreases were observed in Cd uptake by fruits of tomato (24-30%) and cucumber (36-54%). The higher application rate of 5% was found to be more effective for mitigation of Cd mobility and bioaccumulation in plants grown in mine degraded soil. The study results indicate that effective use of organic amendments, especially HWB, can significantly reduce Cd levels in vegetables, improve food quality, and reduce human-health risk while increasing biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Khan
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Mark L Brusseau
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Anwarzeb Khan
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Javed Nawab
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat 19130, Pakistan
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Piotto FA, Carvalho MEA, Souza LA, Rabêlo FHS, Franco MR, Batagin-Piotto KD, Azevedo RA. Estimating tomato tolerance to heavy metal toxicity: cadmium as study case. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27535-27544. [PMID: 30051291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to develop a reliable and fast approach to estimate the plant tolerance degree to heavy metal (HM) phytotoxicity. Two independent experiments were carried out using tomato accessions, with contrasting morphological features, that were grown in a hydroponic solution containing different CdCl2 concentrations for 7 days. Plant dry weight and chlorophyll content (SPAD units) were evaluated, and tolerance degree to Cd toxicity was estimated according to the tolerance index (TI), which is a new mathematical formula based on plant biomass proposed in this study. Although with different magnitudes, tomato exhibited reductions in their dry weight concurrently with the increasing CdCl2 concentration. By contrast, chlorophyll content presented no standard response, decreasing and even increasing according to CdCl2 concentrations, indicating that only under certain conditions (particularly, at CdCl2 50 μM), this parameter can be used to estimate plant tolerance to Cd toxicity. TI was efficiently able to segregate tomato cultivars with similar performance (based on the total dry weight of plants), and such segregation was optimized when the hydroponic solution contained from 25 to 50 μM CdCl2. Within this range, data pointed at 35 μM CdCl2 as the best concentration to be employed in studies related to the tomato tolerance/sensitivity to Cd toxicity. In conclusion, TI proved to be a reliable estimator of tolerance degree to Cd exposure in genetically distinct tomato accessions. Moreover, TI can be used for this same purpose in plants under other HM-induced stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Angelo Piotto
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Eugenia Amaral Carvalho
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas Anjos Souza
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Polo de Inovação em Bioenergia e Grãos, Rodovia Sul Goiânia km 1, CP 66, Rio Verde, GO, 75901-970, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Silva Rabêlo
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Mônica Regina Franco
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Katherine Derlene Batagin-Piotto
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
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45
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Alam M, Khan M, Khan A, Zeb S, Khan MA, Amin NU, Sajid M, Khattak AM. Concentrations, dietary exposure, and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in market vegetables of Peshawar, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:505. [PMID: 30088102 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6881-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to assess heavy metal concentrations in ready-to-eat vegetables (RTEs) collected from open markets. Samples of RTEs including lettuce, coriander, and carrot were collected from five different local markets of Peshawar, Pakistan including Industrial estate, Board, Agriculture University, Firdos, and Hashtnaghri on four different dates, i.e., 21st March, 04th April, 19th April, and 05th May, 2016. The samples were analyzed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer to see the amount of heavy metals present in them. The elements studied were cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb). Maximum Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb concentrations in samples collected from different markets were 0.68, 5.28, 12.31, 7.61, and 25.04 mg kg-1, respectively, whereas maximum Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb concentrations in RTEs collected at different dates were 0.59, 4.08, 14.85, 7.23, and 21.97 mg kg-1, respectively. The mean Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations exceeded the permissible limits, while Cu and Ni were found within the limits set by FAO/WHO in all studied RTEs. The daily dietary intake and hazard quotient (HQ) showed great variations. The HQ was found > 1 for Pb in all studied vegetables, while it was < 1 for Cd, Cr, Cu, and Ni with few exceptions. It can be concluded from the study that heavy metal concentrations were above the permissible toxicity levels and their continuous consumption may cause several health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob Alam
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Maaz Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Anwarzeb Khan
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Shah Zeb
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Amin
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Mateen Khattak
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
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46
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Meena M, Aamir M, Kumar V, Swapnil P, Upadhyay R. Evaluation of morpho-physiological growth parameters of tomato in response to Cd induced toxicity and characterization of metal sensitive NRAMP3 transporter protein. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 148:144-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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47
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Huang YY, Mu YX, He CT, Fu HL, Wang XS, Gong FY, Yang ZY. Cadmium and lead accumulations and agronomic quality of a newly bred pollution-safe cultivar (PSC) of water spinach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:11152-11162. [PMID: 29417480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Breeding for pollution-safe cultivars (PSCs) can reduce pollutant accumulation in crops. However, the PSC breeding would face the risk of nutritional quality reduction, which is usually ignored in conventional breeding programs targeting to increase crop yield or nutritional quality. Thus, the doubt whether the risk would exist has to be clarified for supporting the PSC breeding. In the present study, a newly bred Cd/Pb-PSC of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.) and its parents (QLQ with low-Cd/Pb accumulation ability and T308 with high yield) of water spinach were employed to clarify the above-mentioned issue. Yields, and concentrations of Cd, Pb, nitrite, and organic and inorganic nutrients in shoots of the three experimental lines were determined. There were no significant differences in Cd/Pb concentration between the new PSC and QLQ, in nitrite content between the new PSC and its two parents and in yield between the new PSC and T308. It is decisively significant that shoot concentrations of organic and inorganic nutrients in the Cd/Pb-PSC were as high as those in one of its parents. It is affirmed that the breeding operations (crossing and consequently continuous selfing) for lowering Cd/Pb accumulation capacity of water spinach would not lower the nutritional values of the obtained Cd/Pb-PSCs from the breeding, which should be a pillar that supports the feasibility to minimize Cd/Pb pollution in vegetables using PSC-breeding method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yang-Xiu Mu
- Institute of Agriculture Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Huanghe Dong Road 590, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Chun-Tao He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hui-Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xue-Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fei-Yue Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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48
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Nawab J, Farooqi S, Xiaoping W, Khan S, Khan A. Levels, dietary intake, and health risk of potentially toxic metals in vegetables, fruits, and cereal crops in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5558-5571. [PMID: 29222655 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Food safety is a major concern worldwide and human beings are frequently exposed to potentially toxic metals (PTMs) through consumption of vegetables, fruits, and cereal crops grown in contaminated areas. The present study investigates the concentrations of PTMs such as chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in the foodstuffs (fruits, vegetables, and cereals) collected from different markets of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Samples of fruits (banana, tangerine, apple, and guava), vegetables (tomato, onion, potato, pea, and lady finger), and cereals (rice, kidney beans, and chick peas) were acid-extracted and analyzed using ICP-MS. The concentrations of Cr, Zn, Pb, As, and Cd in fruits (54, 50, 50, 45, and 4% samples, respectively), vegetables (53, 43, 63, 80, and 46%), and cereals (37, 62, 25, 70, and 25%) exceeded their respective permissible limits set by FAO/WHO (2001). The results showed that the highest mean concentration was observed for Ni (14.95 mg/kg), Pb (0.57 mg/kg), and Cd (0.27 mg/kg) in vegetables followed by fruits and cereals. However, the highest mean concentration of As (0.44 mg/kg) was observed in cereal crops followed by vegetables and fruits. The individual health risk of PTMs via consumption of fruits, vegetables, and cereals were found within safe limits for adults and children. Nevertheless, the total HRI values (fruits + vegetables + cereals) for Ni, As, and Cd for both adults and children were observed > 1 and may posed potential risk for the community consuming these foodstuffs on a daily basis. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Nawab
- Key laboratory of Tibetan Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Saad Farooqi
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19130, Pakistan
| | - Wang Xiaoping
- Key laboratory of Tibetan Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Asad Khan
- Department of Geology, FATA University, F.R. Kohat, Darra Adam Khel, Pakistan
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49
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Hu X, Liu X, Zhang X, Cao L, Chen J, Yu H. Increased accumulation of Pb and Cd from contaminated soil with Scirpus triqueter by the combined application of NTA and APG. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:397-402. [PMID: 28898773 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils shows many advantages and it can be improved by adding chelating agents and surfactants. In this study, pot culture experiments were set up to explore the effect of alone application of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and combined application of NTA and alkyl polyglucoside (APG) on changes in absorption and adsorption of heavy metals by root of Scirpus triqueter and bioaccumulation of metals in single or co-contamination. Different additives were added into the soils artificially after 10 d and heavy metals extracted from different plant tissues were analyzed after 60 d. Results showed that more cadmium (Cd) was adsorbed on the root surface while more lead (Pb) was absorbed in root interior with the combined application of NTA and APG during phytoremediation of single contaminated soil. In co-contaminated soils, such a combined application not only strengthened the plant growth, but also promoted accumulation of Pb and Cd by Scirpus triqueter. NTA improved absorption amounts of Pb (9.7-fold) and Cd (1.0-fold) in root interior significantly. APG induced more metals to gather on the root surface in the presence of NTA and the adsorption amounts of Pb and Cd ranged from 26.2 and 17.7 mg kg-1 to 412 and 46.0 mg kg-1 respectively. Besides, the coexistence metal increased bioaccumulation of another metal under combined application of NTA and APG in co-contamination of Pb and Cd. In conclusion, the combined application of NTA and APG would be beneficial to accumulate Pb and Cd from contaminated soils by Scirpus triqueter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Hu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liya Cao
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
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50
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Khan MA, Khan S, Khan A, Alam M. Soil contamination with cadmium, consequences and remediation using organic amendments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:1591-1605. [PMID: 28609847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of soil and food crops is a ubiquitous environmental problem that has resulted from uncontrolled industrialization, unsustainable urbanization and intensive agricultural practices. Being a toxic element, Cd poses high threats to soil quality, food safety, and human health. Land is the ultimate source of waste disposal and utilization therefore, Cd released from different sources (natural and anthropogenic), eventually reaches soil, and then subsequently bio-accumulates in food crops. The stabilization of Cd in contaminated soil using organic amendments is an environmentally friendly and cost effective technique used for remediation of moderate to high contaminated soil. Globally, substantial amounts of organic waste are generated every day that can be used as a source of nutrients, and also as conditioners to improve soil quality. This review paper focuses on the sources, generation, and use of different organic amendments to remediate Cd contaminated soil, discusses their effects on soil physical and chemical properties, Cd bioavailability, plant uptake, and human health risk. Moreover, it also provides an update of the most relevant findings about the application of organic amendments to remediate Cd contaminated soil and associated mechanisms. Finally, future research needs and directions for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil using organic amendments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Anwarzeb Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Alam
- Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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