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Du Z, Sun X, Zheng S, Wang S, Wu L, An Y, Luo Y. Optimal biochar selection for cadmium pollution remediation in Chinese agricultural soils via optimized machine learning. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135065. [PMID: 38943890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is effective in mitigating heavy metal pollution, and cadmium (Cd) is the primary pollutant in agricultural fields. However, traditional trial-and-error methods for determining the optimal biochar remediation efficiency are time-consuming and inefficient because of the varied soil, biochar, and Cd pollution conditions. This study employed the machine learning method to predict the Cd immobilization efficiency of biochar in soil. The predictive accuracy of the random forest (RF) model was superior to that of the other common linear and nonlinear models. Furthermore, to improve the reliability and accuracy of the RF model, it was optimized by employing a root-mean-squared-error-based trial-and-error approach. With the aid of the optimized model, the empirical categories for soil Cd immobilization efficiency were biochar properties (60.96 %) > experimental conditions (19.6 %) ≈ soil properties (19.44 %). Finally, this study identified the optimal biochar properties for enhancing agricultural soil Cd remediation in different regions of China, which was beneficial for decision-making regarding nationwide agricultural soil remediation using biochar. The immobilization effect of alkaline biochar was pronounced in acidic soils with relatively high organic matter. This study provides insights into the immobilization mechanism and an approach for biochar selection for Cd immobilization in agricultural soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Du
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, PR China; Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 411199, PR China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, PR China; Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 411199, PR China
| | - Shunan Zheng
- Rural Energy & Environment Agency, MARA, Beijing 100125, PR China
| | - Shunyang Wang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Lina Wu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, PR China; Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 411199, PR China
| | - Yi An
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, PR China; Xiangtan Experimental Station of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiangtan 411199, PR China.
| | - Yongming Luo
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
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Feng L, He R, Li H, Chen S, Lv C, Zhang S, Liu N, Shi Y, Liu G, Zhao G. An ultra-efficient pretreatment method adopted LPUV/CoFe 2O 4/PMS-based photolysis for accurate detection of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in water via SWASV. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 262:122066. [PMID: 39029395 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a widely occurring substance in rivers that can strongly complex with heavy metal ions (HMIs), severely interfering with the electrochemical signal of anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and reducing the detection accuracy of HMIs in water. In this study, we investigated a novel advanced oxidation process (AOP) that involves the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) using low-pressure ultraviolet (LPUV) radiation and CoFe2O4 photocatalysis. This novel AOP was used for the first time as an effective pretreatment method to break or weaken the complexation between HMIs and DOM, thereby restoring the electrochemical signals of HMIs. The key parameters, including the PMS concentration, CoFe2O4 concentration, and photolysis time, were optimized to be 6 mg/L, 12 mg/L, and 30 s for eliminating DOM interference during the electrochemical analysis of HMIs via LPUV/CoFe2O4-based photolysis. Investigations of the microstructure, surface morphology, specific surface area, and pore volume of CoFe2O4 were conducted to reveal the exceptional signal recovery capability of LPUV/CoFe2O4/PMS-based photolysis in mitigating interference from DOM during HMIs analysis. The PMS activation mechanism, which is critical to the signal recovery process, was elucidated by analyzing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the surface elemental composition of CoFe2O4. Additionally, the degradation and transformation behavior of humus-HMIs complexes were analyzed to study the mechanism of ASV signal recovery further. Notably, the detection results of HMIs in actual water samples obtained using the proposed pretreatment method were compared with those obtained from ICP-MS, yielding an RMSE less than 0.04 μg/L, which indicated the satisfactory performance of the proposed pretreatment method for the ASV detection of HMIs in complex actual samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Feng
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Renjie He
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Haonan Li
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Shaowen Chen
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Cheng Lv
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Lab of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Yujie Shi
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Lab of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083 PR China
| | - Guo Zhao
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China.
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Osman HE, Fadhlallah RS, El-Morsy MHE. Synergistic effect by Sorghum bicolor L., citric acid, biochar, and vermiwash amendment for the remediation of a mine-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:47655-47673. [PMID: 39003426 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an in situ remediation and eco-friendly technique employing accumulator plant species to remove trace elements (TEs) from contaminated sites. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that both natural and synthetic amendments can enhance trace elements (TEs) phytoremediation from polluted soils through bioenergy crops. This work assessed the synergistic impact of two tested biochar (BC) from data palm (B1) and Prosopis (B2) (1.5%/ kg), citric acid (CA, 1.5 mmol/kg) and vermiwash (VW, 20 ml/kg) to enhance the remediation of tested TEs (Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Fe) from Mahad AD'Dahab mine-contaminated soil by sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). The BC and CA amendments alone and combined with VW significantly augmented the proliferation and survival of sorghum grown in mine-contaminated soil. Considering the individual and combined applications of VW and BC, the influence on plant growth followed this order: K < VW < B2 < B1 < B1 + VW < B2 + VW < CA < CA + VW. Applying tested BC/CA and VW significantly increased chlorophyll compared to unamended soil. The outcomes revealed a substantial elevation in TE absorption in both shoot and root (p ≤ 0.05) with all tested treatments compared to the untreated soil (K). The combined application of CA and VW resulted in the most significant TE uptake of TEs at both the root and the shoot. Furthermore, adding CA or VW as a foliar spray enhanced the bioaccumulation factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) of studied metals. The combined addition of CA and foliar spraying of VW was more effective than the sole addition of CA or VW. Such increase reached 20.0%, 15.6%, 19.4%, 14.3%, 14.0%, and 25.6% of TF, and 13.7%, 11.9%, 8.3%, 20.9%, 20.5%,18.7%, and 19.8% of BCE for Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, respectively. This study highlights the efficiency of combining CA/BC with VW as a more viable option for remediating mine-contaminated soil than individual amendments. However, future research should prioritize long-term field trials to assess the efficiency of using citric acid and vermiwash for restoring contaminated mining soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan E Osman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ruwaydah S Fadhlallah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H E El-Morsy
- Deanship of Postgraduate Studied and Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Huang Y, Liu T, Liu J, Xiao X, Wan Y, An H, Luo X, Luo S. Exceptional anti-toxic growth of water spinach in arsenic and cadmium co-contaminated soil remediated using biochar loaded with Bacillus aryabhattai. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133966. [PMID: 38452681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Functionalized biochars are crucial for simultaneous soil remediation and safe agricultural production. However, a comprehensive understanding of the remediation mechanism and crop safety is imperative. In this work, the all-in-one biochars loaded with a Bacillus aryabhattai (B10) were developed via physisorption (BBC) and sodium alginate embedding (EBC) for simultaneous toxic As and Cd stabilization in soil. The bacteria-loaded biochar composites significantly decreased exchangeable As and Cd fractions in co-contaminated soil, with enhanced residual fractions. Heavy metal bioavailability analysis showed a maximum CaCl2-As concentration decline of 63.51% and a CaCl2-Cd decline of 50.96%. At a 3% dosage of composite, rhizosphere soil showed improved organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and enzyme activity. The aboveground portion of water spinach grown in pots was edible, with final As and Cd contents (0.347 and 0.075 mg·kg⁻¹, respectively) meeting food safety standards. Microbial analysis revealed the composite's influence on the rhizosphere microbial community, favoring beneficial bacteria and reducing plant pathogenic fungi. Additionally, it increased functional microorganisms with heavy metal-resistant genes, limiting metal migration in plants and favoring its growth. Our research highlights an effective strategy for simultaneous As and Cd immobilization in soil and inhibition of heavy metal accumulation in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Yuke Wan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Huanhuan An
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Xubiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China; Key laboratory of Jiangxi province for agricultural environmental pollution prevention and control in red soil hilly region, School of life sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, PR China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
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Si T, Yuan R, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Bian R, Liu X, Zhang X, Joseph S, Li L, Pan G. Enhancing soil redox dynamics: Comparative effects of Fe-modified biochar (N-Fe and S-Fe) on Fe oxide transformation and Cd immobilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123636. [PMID: 38401634 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Biochar and modified biochar have gained wide attention for Cd-contaminated soil remediation. This study investigates the effects of rape straw biochar (RSB), sulfur-iron modified biochar (S-FeBC), and nitrogen-iron modified biochar (N-FeBC) on soil Fe oxide transformation and Cd immobilization. The mediated electrochemical analysis results showed that Fe modification effectively enhanced the electron exchange capacity (EEC) of biochar. After 40 days of anaerobic incubation, compared to the treatment without biochar (CK), the concentrations of CaCl2-extractable Cd in N-FeBC, S-FeBC, and RSB treatments decreased by 79%, 53%, and 23%, respectively. Compared with S-FeBC, N-FeBC significantly decreased the soil Eh and increased soil pH within the first 15 days, which could be attributed to its higher EEC and alkalinity. There is a negative correlation between the concentration of CaCl2-extractable Cd and soil pH (p < 0.01). The sequential extraction results showed that both N-FeBC and S-FeBC promoted Cd transfer from acid-soluble to Fe/Mn oxides bound fraction (Fe/Mn-Cd). N-FeBC significantly increased the concentration of amorphous Fe oxides (amFeox) from 4.0 g kg-1 in day 1 to 4.6 g kg-1 in day 15 by promoting the NO3--reducing Fe(II) oxidation process, while S-FeBC significantly increased amFeox from 4.0 g kg-1 in day 15 to 4.8 g kg-1 in day 40 by promoting the Fe(II) recrystallization. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of amFeox and Fe/Mn-Cd (p < 0.01). The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that Cd was bound to the amFeox coating on the surface of Fe-modified biochar. By acting as an electron shuttle, the active surface of Fe-modified biochar may serve as a hotspot for Fe transformation, which promotes amFeox formation and Cd immobilization. This study highlights the potential of Fe-modified biochar for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils and provides valuable insights into the development of effective remediation approaches for Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Si
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China.
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
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Teng Y, Chen K, Jiang H, Hu Y, Seyler BC, Appiah A, Peng S. Utilization of phosphoric acid-modified biochar to reduce vanadium leaching potential and bioavailability in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123360. [PMID: 38228260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Remediating vanadium (V) polluted soil has garnered widespread attention over the past decade. Yet, few research projects have investigated the stabilization of soil V using modified biochar, so the effects and interacting mechanisms between soil properties and modified biochar for V immobilization and stabilization remain unclear. Hence, this gap is addressed by determining the leaching behavior and mechanisms of soil V on different dosages of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) impregnated biochar (MLBC, 0.5%-4%). The applicability and durability in soil V immobilization was investigated under acid precipitation. The MLBC effect on V bioavailability and mobility was assessed first by CaCl2, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) extractions in different periods. The V concentrations significantly reduced in CaCl2, TCLP, and SPLP extract with MLBC at each dosage (30 d), while slight to significant increase in SPLP and TCLP extract V was recorded in a long-term incubation (90 d). Column leaching test further demonstrated the high durability of 4% MLBC in V stabilization under continuous acid exposure. Compared to the control (no-biochar), the accumulated V content in the leaching solution significantly decreased in MLBC-amended soil. Acid soluble fraction of V showed significant negative correlation with both soil organic matter (SOM) and available P, which was positively correlated with pH, suggested that pH, available P and SOM were key factors affecting the bioavailability of V in soil. Moreover, combining with the characterization results of MLBC and amended soil, the results revealed that H3PO4 modified biochar played a vital role on V immobilization and soil improvement by forming electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, redox reaction or complexation with the increase of functional groups. These revealed an efficient and steady development of soil quality and treatment for soil V contamination, under MLBC operation to soil polluted with exogenous V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Proctection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Proctection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Proctection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yunfei Hu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Barnabas C Seyler
- Shude International, Chengdu Shude High School, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China; Department of Environment, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Augustine Appiah
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Proctection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Shuming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Proctection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China.
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Wu Y, Yan Y, Wang Z, Tan Z, Zhou T. Biochar application for the remediation of soil contaminated with potentially toxic elements: Current situation and challenges. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119775. [PMID: 38070425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Recently, biochar has garnered extensive attention in the remediation of soils contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) owing to its exceptional adsorption properties and straightforward operation. Most researchers have primarily concentrated on the effects, mechanisms, impact factors, and risks of biochar in remediation of PTEs. However, concerns about the long-term safety and impact of biochar have restricted its application. This review aims to establish a basis for the large-scale popularization of biochar for remediating PTEs-contaminated soil based on a review of interactive mechanisms between soil, PTEs and biochar, as well as the current situation of biochar for remediation in PTEs scenarios. Biochar can directly interact with PTEs or indirectly with soil components, influencing the bioavailability, mobility, and toxicity of PTEs. The efficacy of biochar in remediation varies depending on biomass feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, type of PTEs, and application rate. Compared to pristine biochar, modified biochar offers feasible solutions for tailoring specialized biochar suited to specific PTEs-contaminated soil. Main challenges limiting the applications of biochar are overdose and potential risks. The used biochar is separated from the soil that not only actually removes PTEs, but also mitigates the negative long-term effects of biochar. A sustainable remediation technology is advocated that enables the recovery and regeneration (95.0-95.6%) of biochar from the soil and the removal of PTEs (the removal rate of Cd is more than 20%) from the soil. Finally, future research directions are suggested to augment the environmental safety of biochar and promote its wider application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuhang Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zongwei Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhongxin Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Tuo Zhou
- China State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Serrano M, López JE, Henao N, Saldarriaga JF. Phosphorus-Loaded Biochar-Assisted Phytoremediation to Immobilize Cadmium, Chromium, and Lead in Soils. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:3574-3587. [PMID: 38284006 PMCID: PMC10809702 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Soil contamination with heavy metals (HM) poses significant challenges to food security and public health, requiring the exploration of effective remediation strategies. This study aims to evaluate the remediation process of soils contaminated with Cd, Cr, and Pb using Lolium perenne assisted by four types of biochar: (i) activated coffee husk biochar (BAC), (ii) nonactivated biochar coffee husk (BSAC), (iii) activated sugar cane leaf biochar (BAA), and (iv) nonactivated biochar sugar cane leaf (BSAA). Biochar, loaded with phosphorus (P), was applied to soils contaminated with Cd, Cr, and Pb. L. perenne seedlings, averaging 2 cm in height, were planted. The bioavailability of P and heavy metals (HM) was monitored every 15 days until day 45, when the seedlings reached an average height of 25 cm. At day 45, plant harvesting was conducted and stems and roots were separated to determine metal concentrations in both plant parts and the soil. The study shows that the combined application of biochar and L. perenne positively influences the physicochemical properties of the soil, resulting in an elevation of pH and electrical conductivity (EC). The utilization of biochar contributes to an 11.6% enhancement in the retention of HM in plant organs. The achieved bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil was maintained at levels of less than 1 mg/kg. Notably, Pb exhibited a higher metal retention in plants, whereas Cd concentrations were comparatively lower. These findings indicate an increase in metal immobilization efficiencies when phytoremediation is assisted with P-loaded biochar. This comprehensive assessment highlights the potential of biochar-assisted phytoremediation as a promising approach for mitigating heavy metal contamination in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- María
F. Serrano
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1Este #19A-40, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julián E. López
- Facultad
de Arquitectura e Ingeniería, Institución
Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 #65-46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Nancy Henao
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1Este #19A-40, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan F. Saldarriaga
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1Este #19A-40, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia
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Li M, Chen X, Chen C, Huang L, Chi H, Zhao N, Yan B, Chao Y, Tang Y, Qiu R, Wang S. The effectiveness of sewage sludge biochar amendment with Boehmeria nivea L. in improving physicochemical properties and rehabilitating microbial communities in mine tailings. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118552. [PMID: 37418823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Biochar amendment can be adopted to improve soil substrate, in turn facilitated phytoremediation. However, improvements to the properties of tailings following different feedstocks of biochar amendment in phytoremediation, particularly the impacts on nitrogen cycle and the related nitrogen-fixing microorganisms remain unclear. In this study, a 100-day pot experiment was designed to determine the co-effects of different combinations of woody and non-woody biochar, namely hibiscus cannabinus core biochar (HB), sewage sludge biochar (SB), chicken manure biochar (MB) and two crops (Cassia alata L., Boehmeria nivea L.). It was found that, on the one hand, biochar amendment directly immobilized heavy metal (loid) contamination in the tailings; on the other hand, biochar amendment, particularly non-woody SB, improved soil properties (i.e., the combination of SB with crops increased the total nitrogen content by 4.7-7.5 times). This indirectly improved phytostabilization (i.e., SB increased crop height 1.5-1.8 fold, root length 3.3-3.7 fold, decreased NH4NO3-extractable Pb, Cu, Cd and also increased the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Rhizobium). Besides this, redundant analysis shown that the carbon, nitrogen sources, and pH provided by the biochar were identified as the key factors associated with the nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Through the comprehensive evaluation of different biochar amendment in phytoremediation, it was found that the non-woody SB got higher comprehensive score (3.1-3.6) in biochar amendment in phytoremediation, especially in Boehmeria nivea L. Thus, the combination of non-woody SB and Boehmeria nivea L. improved microbial function, while the microorganisms in turn promoted crop growth. Our results revealed the prospect of using non-woody SB assisted Boehmeria nivea L. for phytoremediation in multi-metal mine tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chiyu Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lige Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haochun Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bofang Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanqing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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10
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Ahmed W, Mehmood S, Mahmood M, Ali S, Núñez-Delgado A, Li W. Simultaneous immobilization of lead and arsenic and improved phosphorus availability in contaminated soil using biochar composite modified with hydroxyapatite and oxidation: Findings from a pot experiment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116640. [PMID: 37453505 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Multi-metals/metalloids contaminated soil has received extensive attention because of their adverse health effects on the safety of the food chain and environmental health. In order to provide additional insight and aid in mitigating environmental risks, a pot experiment was directed to assess the impacts of biochars derived from rice straw (BC), and modified biochars i-e., hydroxyapatite modified (HAP-BC) and oxidized biochars (Ox-BC) on the redistribution, phytoavailability and bioavailability of phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), and Arsenic (As), as well as their effects on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.) in a Lead (Pb)/Arsenic (As) contaminated soil. The results showed that HAP-BC increased the soil total and available P, compared with raw biochar and control treatment. HAP-BC improved soil properties by elevating soil pH and electric conductivity (EC). The Hedley fractionation scheme revealed that HAP-BC enhanced the labile and moderately labile P species in soil. Both HAP-BC and Ox-BC assisted in the P build-up in plant roots and shoots. The BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction data for Pb and As in soil showed the pronounced effects of HAP-BC towards the transformation of labile Pb and As forms into more stable species. Compared with control, HAP-BC significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased the DTPA-extractable Pb and As by 55% and 28%, respectively, subsequently, resulting in reduced Pb and As plant uptakes. HAP-BC application increased the plant fresh and dry root/shoot biomass by 239%, 72%, 222% and 190%, respectively. The Pb/As immobilization by HAP-BC was mainly driven by precipitation, ion exchange and surface complexation mechanisms in soil. In general, HAP-BC application indicated a great capability to be employed as an effective alternative soil amendment for improving P acquisition in soil, simultaneously immobilizing Pb and As in the soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Centerfor Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Centerfor Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Mohsin Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Centerfor Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Sehrish Ali
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Centerfor Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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11
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Guo G, Lin L, Jin F, Mašek O, Huang Q. Application of heavy metal immobilization in soil by biochar using machine learning. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116098. [PMID: 37172676 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application is a promising strategy for the immobilization of heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soil, while it is always time-consuming and labor-intensive to clarify key influenced factors of soil HM immobilization by biochar. In this study, four machine learning algorithms, namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVR), Gradient boosting decision trees (GBDT), and Linear regression (LR) are employed to predict the HMimmobilization ratio. The RF was the best-performance ML model (Training R2 = 0.90, Testing R2 = 0.85, RMSE = 4.4, MAE = 2.18). The experiment verification based on the optimal RF model showed that the experiment verification was successful, as the results were comparable to the RF modeling results with a prediction error<20%. Shapley additive explanation and partial least squares path model method were used to identify the critical factors and direct and indirect effects of these features on the immobilization ratio. Furthermore, independent models of four HM (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) also achieved better model prediction performance. Feature importance and interactions relationship of influenced factors for individual HM immobilization ratio was clarified. This work can provide a new insight for HM immobilization in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genmao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Linyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Fangming Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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12
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Martín-Franco C, Sánchez JT, Alvarenga P, Peña D, Fernández-Rodríguez D, Vicente LA, Albarrán Á, López-Piñeiro A. Effects of fresh and field-aged holm-oak biochar on As, Cd and Pb bioaccumulation in different rice growing environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 887:164012. [PMID: 37169192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, Cd, and Pb environmental fate is influenced when the traditional permanent flooding rice production systems are replaced by water-saving and soil conservation practices, urging for additional strategies that avoid their bioaccumulation in rice grain. The aim of this two-years field study was to evaluate the effects of fresh and field-aged biochar on As, Cd, and Pb bioaccumulation, and on As speciation, in rice grain produced in different growing environments (flooding versus sprinkler and conventional tillage versus direct seeding). Biochar produced from holm-oak pruning residues (pyrolysis at 550 °C, 48 h), in a single application (28 Mg ha-1), reduced As bioaccumulation in rice grain in the permanent flooding system to non-quantifiable concentrations (e.g., from 0.178 mg kg-1 to <0.04 mg kg-1, for inorganic-As, respectively), an effect which remained under field-aging conditions, increasing rice commercial value. When adopting sprinkler irrigation, the undesirable increase in Cd bioaccumulation in rice, relatively to the anaerobic system, was counteracted by biochar application, reducing its bioaccumulation in kernels between 32 and 80 %, allowing a simultaneous control of metals and metalloids bioaccumulation in rice. The bioaccumulation of Pb was also prevented with biochar application, with a reduction in its concentration four- to 13-times, in all the management systems, relatively to the non-amended plots, under fresh biochar effects. However, Pb immobilization decreased with biochar field-aging, indicating that the biochar application may have to be repeated to maintain the same beneficial effect. Therefore, the present study shows that the implementation of sprinkler irrigation with holm-oak biochar could reduce the risk of heavy metals(loids) bioaccumulation in rice grains and, thereby, ensuring food safety aspects, particularly under fresh biochar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Martín-Franco
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jaime Terrón Sánchez
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Paula Alvarenga
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - David Peña
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias- IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra de Cáceres, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Damián Fernández-Rodríguez
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Luis Andrés Vicente
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ángel Albarrán
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Piñeiro
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias - IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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13
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Liu ZY, Yang R, Xiang XY, Niu LL, Yin DX. Enhancement of phytoextraction efficiency coupling Pteris vittata with low-dose biochar in arsenic-contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 25:1810-1818. [PMID: 37066697 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2199876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation of arsenic (As) by Pteris vittata (P. vittata) is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for restoring As-contaminated sites. However, the phytoextraction efficiency is low in some cases, such as clay soil, thus biochar was applied to enhance the efficiency of As extraction. The paper investigated the effect of biochar on soil characteristic, As mobility, and As uptake in P. vittata with a 90-day greenhouse experiment. Biochar derived from rice straw was added at rates of 0.5, 1.5, and 4% (w/w). The results showed that, under biochar amendment, soil pH raised from 5.24 to 6.03 and 4.91 to 5.85, soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased 11.1-46.1% and 2.8-11.2%, respectively, in rhizosphere and bulk soils. Biochar also increased soil catalase (CAT) activity significantly, especially for the rhizosphere soil. Besides, biochar increased the labile As in the soils and transfer coefficient from roots to aboveground, thereby enhancing As accumulation by P. vittata tissues. The accumulation of As in fronds of P. vittata was up to 350 mg kg-1 in 1.5% biochar, which was more than twice the control and far beyond other biochar treatments. The results indicate that biochar addition is favorable to improve phytoremediation of P. vittata in As-contaminated soil and 1.5% (w/w) biochar may be a reasonable application ratio, thus providing an effective solution to enhance the efficiency of As phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Yu Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Ying Xiang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Lu Niu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Dai-Xia Yin
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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14
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Cui H, Cheng J, Shen L, Zheng X, Zhou J, Zhou J. Activation of endogenous cadmium from biochar under simulated acid rain enhances the accumulation risk of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114820. [PMID: 36958261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been widely applied to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils, but the environmental risk of the endogenous pollutants in biochar remains unclear. Two biochars with different endogenous cadmium (Cd) concentrations were prepared from background soil (BCB) and contaminated soil (BCC), respectively. We studied the effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on the activation mechanism of endogenous Cd in biochar and Cd uptake of Cd by lettuce from the biochar-amended soils. SAR aging significantly increased Cd bioavailability by 27.5 % and 53.9 % in BCB and BCC, respectively. The activation of Cd from biochar may be due to the decrease of biochar pH and persistent free radicals (PFRs) and the increase of specific surface area (SSA) and O-contained functional groups in biochars. Two biochars at dosages of 2 % and 5 % rates did not change soil pore water Cd, but BCB and BCC at 10 % increased pore water Cd by 17.3 % and 219 %, respectively after SAR aging. SAR aging significantly increased the bioavailability of Cd in BCB and BCC treated soils than those before SAR aging. BCB application enhanced the biomass of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and decreased the uptake of Cd. However, BCC addition at 10 % decreased the biomass of lettuce and increased the accumulation of Cd. In summary, endogenous Cd in biochar from contaminated soils has a potential environmental risk to plants and human health and the negative effects of endogenous pollutants from the biochars should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Cui
- Academician Workstation in Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jieyu Cheng
- Academician Workstation in Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - LuLu Shen
- Academician Workstation in Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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15
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Shao P, Yin H, Li Y, Cai Y, Yan C, Yuan Y, Dang Z. Remediation of Cu and As contaminated water and soil utilizing biochar supported layered double hydroxide: Mechanisms and soil environment altering. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 126:275-286. [PMID: 36503755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Preparing materials for simultaneous remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals contamination has always been the focus of research. Herein a biochar supported FeMnMg layered double hydroxide (LDH) composites (LB) for simultaneous remediation of copper and arsenic contamination in water and soil has been assembled by a facile co-precipitation approach. Both adsorption isotherm and kinetics studies of heavy metals removal by LB were applied to look into the adsorption performance of adsorbents in water. Moreover, the adsorption mechanisms of Cu and As by LB were investigated, showing that Cu in aqueous solution was removed by the isomorphic substitution, precipitation and electrostatic adsorption while As was removed by complexation. In addition, the availability of Cu and As in the soil incubation experiments was reduced by 35.54%-63.00% and 8.39%-29.04%, respectively by using LB. Meanwhile, the addition of LB increased the activities of urease and sucrase by 93.78%-374.35% and 84.35%-520.04%, respectively, of which 1% of the dosage was the best. A phenomenon was found that the richness and structure of microbial community became vigorous within 1% dosage of LB, which indirectly enhanced the passivation and stabilization of heavy metals. These results indicated that the soil environment was significantly improved by LB. This research demonstrates that LB would be an imaginably forceful material for the remediation of anionic and cationic heavy metals in contaminated water and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengling Shao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hua Yin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yingchao Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuhao Cai
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Caiya Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yibo Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China
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16
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Sachdeva S, Kumar R, Sahoo PK, Nadda AK. Recent advances in biochar amendments for immobilization of heavy metals in an agricultural ecosystem: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120937. [PMID: 36608723 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, extensive and inefficient use of contemporary technologies has resulted in substantial environmental pollution, predominantly caused by potentially hazardous elements (PTEs), like heavy metals that severely harm living species. To combat the presence of heavy metals (HMs) in the agrarian system, biochar becomes an attractive approach for stabilizing and limiting availability of HMs in soils due to its high surface area, porosity, pH, aromatic structure as well as several functional groups, which mostly rely on the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. Additionally, agricultural waste-derived biochar is an effective management option to ensure carbon neutrality and circular economy while also addressing social and environmental concerns. Given these diverse parameters, the present systematic evaluation seeks to (i) ascertain the effectiveness of heavy metal immobilization by agro waste-derived biochar; (ii) examine the presence of biochar on soil physico-chemical, and thermal properties, along with microbial diversity; (iii) explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for the reduction in heavy metal concentration; and (iv) possibility of biochar implications to advance circular economy approach. The collection of more than 200 papers catalogues the immobilization efficiency of biochar in agricultural soil and its impacts on soil from multi-angle perspectives. The data gathered suggests that pristine biochar effectively reduced cationic heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni) and Cr mobilization and uptake by plants, whereas modified biochar effectively reduced As in soil and plant systems. However, the exact mechanism underlying is a complex biochar-soil interaction. In addition to successfully immobilizing heavy metals in the soil, the application of biochar improved soil fertility and increased agricultural productivity. However, the lack of knowledge on unfavorable impacts on the agricultural systems, along with discrepancies between the use of biochar and experimental conditions, impeded a thorough understanding on a deeper level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Sachdeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10 Sector 62, Noida, 201309, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, 803116, Bihar, India
| | - Prafulla Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, V.P.O. Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India; Instituto Tecnológico Vale (ITV), Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, 66055-090, PA, Brazil.
| | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 234, India
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17
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Wang Y, Hu H, Wang X, Liu H, Dong L, Luo G, Zhao Y, Yao H. A critical review on lead migration, transformation and emission control in Chinese coal-fired power plants. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 124:397-413. [PMID: 36182148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coal is widely utilized as an important energy source, but coal-fired power plant was considered to be an important anthropogenic lead emission source. In the present study, the distribution characteristics of lead in coal and combustion by-products are reviewed. Specifically, lead is mainly transferred to ash particles and the formation and migration mechanisms of particulate lead are summarized. Also, targeted measures are proposed to control the formation of fine particulate lead as well as to increase the removal efficiency during the low-temperature flue gas clean process. In detail, interactions between gaseous lead and some coal-bearing minerals or added adsorbents could obviously suppress the formation of fine particulate lead. On the other hand, some efforts (including promoting capture of fine particles, reducing resistivity of particles and strengthening the gas-liquid contact) could be made to improve the fine particulate lead removal capacity. Notably, the formation mechanism of fine particulate lead is still unclear due to the limitations of research methods. Some differences in the removal principles of fine particles and particulate lead make the lead emission precisely control a great challenge. Finally, the environmental potential risk of lead emission from flue gas and ash residues is addressed and further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xinye Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangqian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Tan WT, Zhou H, Tang SF, Chen Q, Zhou X, Liu XH, Zeng P, Gu JF, Liao BH. Simultaneous alleviation of Cd availability in contaminated soil and accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Fe-Mn oxide-modified biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159730. [PMID: 36306853 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fe-Mn oxide-modified biochar (BC-FM) was used to remediate Cd-contaminated soil and mitigate Cd accumulation in rice. The roles of Fe and Mn in soil Cd immobilization and in controlling Cd uptake by rice were investigated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization and chemical analysis. Fe and Mn loaded on BC-FM increased the removal efficiencies of CaCl2 extractable Cd in soil and Cd in pore water compared to those in only biochar (BC)-treated soil, with maximum removal rates at 67.9 % and 77.8 %, respectively. The XPS results indicated that the redox reactions of the Fe-Mn oxides on BC-FM surface affected Cd immobilization in the soil. The Fe (II/III) components on BC-FM were primarily converted to Fe3O4 in the soil system, which may form stable complexes with Cd2+ (Fe-O-Cd) during the entire rice growth period, and Cd may be bound to MnO or Mn2O3 in the form of CdMn2O4. The excellent adsorption performance of BC-FM enhanced by Fe-Mn oxides reduced the available Cd in the soil and stimulated Fe and Mn transport in rice, thereby inhibiting Cd accumulation in the aerial parts of rice. Cd concentrations in brown rice under BC-FM treatments reached the national safety standard (0.2 mg/kg, GB2762-2017). And BC-FM significantly increased the biomass of brown rice with a maximum rate of 26.8 %. These findings suggest that BC-FM could be used as an efficient material for Cd-contaminated soil remediation, and Fe-Mn plays important role in immobilizing Cd in soil and reducing Cd transport in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Tan
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Shang-Feng Tang
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xin-Hui Liu
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jiao-Feng Gu
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Bo-Han Liao
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
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19
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Jianle W, Gongchang Z, Hong D, Xueming L, Dongye Z. Microwave-enhanced simultaneous immobilization of lead and arsenic in a field soil using ferrous sulfate. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136388. [PMID: 36088963 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of soil contaminated by mixed heavy metals and metalloids has been a major challenge in the global environmental field. To address this critical issue, we tested a new technology for simultaneous immobilization of lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) in a field contaminated soil using a microwave-assisted FeSO4·7H2O treatment process. The process was able to rapidly reduce the TCLP-based leachability of Pb from 12.74 to 0.1 mg L-1 and As from 2.704 to 0.002 mg L-1 (MW power = 800 W, Irradiation time = 20 min, and FeSO4·7H2O = 4 wt%). The effects of FeSO4·7H2O dosage, microwave power, and irradiation time were determined and optimized. After 365 days of curing under atmospheric conditions, the TCLP-leached concentration of Pb and As in the treated soil remained below the regulatory limits of 0.1 and 0.002 mg L-1, respectively. The microwave irradiation promoted the formation of insoluble PbSO4(s) and Fe3(AsO4)2·8H2O(s), resulting in the long-term stability of Pb and As in the soil. The technology offers an effective alternative for remediation of Pb- and/or As-contaminated soil and groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jianle
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zeng Gongchang
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Deng Hong
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Liu Xueming
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhao Dongye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA; Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
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20
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Liu M, Hou R, Fu Q, Li T, Zhang S, Su A. Long-term immobilization of cadmium and lead with biochar in frozen-thawed soils of farmland in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120143. [PMID: 36096259 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The problem of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in farmland is a key issue in global pollution prevention and control and has an important impact on environmental safety, human health, and sustainable agricultural development. Based on the climate background of high-latitude cold regions, this study simulated freeze-thaw cycles through indoor tests. Different initial conditions, such as biochar application rates (0%, 1%, 2%) and different initial soil moisture contents (15%, 20%, 25%), were set to explore the morphological changes in cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil and the response relationship to the changes in soil physicochemical properties. The results indicate that soil pH decreases during freeze-thaw cycles, and soil alkalinity increases with increasing biochar content. Freeze-thaw cycles caused the total amount of PTEs to have a U-shaped distribution, and the amount of PTEs in the soluble (SOL) and reducible (RED) fraction increased by 0.28-56.19%. Biochar reduced the amount of Cd and Pb migration in the soil, and an increase in soil moisture content reduced the availability of Cd and Pb in the soil. Freezing and thawing damaged the soil structure, and biochar reduced the fractionation of small particle aggregates by enhancing the stability of soil aggregates, thereby reducing the soil's ability to adsorb Cd and Pb. In summary, for farmland soil remediation and pollution control, the application of biochar has a certain ability to optimize soil properties. Considering the distribution of PTEs in the soil and the physicochemical properties of the soil, the application of 1% biochar to soil with a 20% moisture content is optimal for regulating seasonally frozen soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Renjie Hou
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
| | - Tianxiao Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Shoujie Zhang
- Heilongjiang Water Conservancy Research Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Anshuang Su
- Heilongjiang Water Conservancy Research Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
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21
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Fu H, Wang S, Zhang H, Dai Z, He G, Li G, Ding D. Remediation of uranium-contaminated acidic red soil by rice husk biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:77839-77850. [PMID: 35688975 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Uranium (U) in the U-contaminated acidic red soil exhibits high mobility. In the present study, rice husk was used to produce biochar to remediate U-contaminated red soil under acid precipitation. Firstly, batch adsorption experiments showed that the dissolution of alkaline substance in biochar could buffer the pH value of acidic solution. The equilibrium pH value had a crucial influence on biochar adsorption capacity of U, and the neutral equilibrium pH value was favorable for adsorption. Then, the incubation experiments of red soil with biochar were performed, and the Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) extraction of amended red soil showed that the short-term leachability of U was decreased from 26.53% in control group (without biochar) to 1.40% in 10% biochar-amended red soil. Subsequently, the sequential extraction showed that the fraction of U was mainly transformed from exchangeable and Fe/Mn oxide fraction to carbonate fraction after biochar amendment, and the total amount of exchangeable U and carbonate fraction U in soil was increased slightly. Finally, simulated acid rain leaching experiments showed that the capability of amended red soil to resist acid rain acidification was enhanced. And the long-term leachability of U in amended red soil was decreased from 26.37% in control group to 3.18% in the 10% biochar-amended red soil under the simulated acid rain leaching conditions. In conclusion, biochar has passivation effect on U in U-contaminated red soil, which can reduce the long-term and short-term mobility of U in acidic environments. This study provided an experimental basis for the application of biochar in remediation and improvement of U-contaminated acidic red soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Fu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongran Dai
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guicheng He
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyue Li
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Yuan S, Zhang J, Tan Z. Adsorption effect and the removal mechanism of silicate composite biochar particles on cadmium in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134970. [PMID: 35580644 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ordinary biochar has the disadvantages of low strength and fragility, and it is difficult to be separated in heavy metal contaminated soil after the remediation process. In order to realize the recovery and reuse of biochar, we prepared silicate composite biochar (SCB) and the magnetic silicate composite biochar (MSCB) with consistent particle size and high hardness. As well as the passivation effect and mechanism of the material on cadmium in soil was also investigated. The results showed that: (1) The MSCB had good hydraulic properties and strong magnetism, which can be quickly separated from the soil under the condition of external magnetic field. (2) The MSCB can remove 30.32%-38.80% of cadmium in the soil after three times of "application-separation-desorption-reuse", as well as the SCB can remove 28.30%-35.78% of cadmium from the soil. (3) The recovered SCB and MSCB had a certain mass loss, the mass loss rate of the biochar particles was in the range of 2.65%-4.90% after each time of recycling. (4) MSCB mainly immobilized cadmium ions through pore interception, complexation of oxygen-containin/iron-containin functional group and precipitation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Lion Hill Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Lion Hill Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxin Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Lion Hill Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Hou R, Wang L, O'Connor D, Rinklebe J, Hou D. Natural field freeze-thaw process leads to different performances of soil amendments towards Cd immobilization and enrichment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154880. [PMID: 35364177 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) soil pollution is a global issue affecting crop production and food safety. Remediation methods involving in-situ Cd immobilization have been developed, but their effectiveness can diminish under seasonal freeze-thaw aging processes. In this study, we assessed the field performance of four soil treatments at a seasonally frozen rice paddy. Amendments were applied at 2 wt%, including: (i) sepiolite (a 2:1 clay mineral), (ii) superphosphate, (iii) biochar (produced by rice husk at 500 °C for 2 h), and (iv) joint application of biochar & superphosphate (1:1 mixture by weight). Immobilization performance was determined as DTPA extractable Cd and plant uptake in various organs. Overall, the four treatments significantly reduced Cd bioavailability during the plant growth period, with average DTPA-extractable concentrations decreasing by 43%, 34%, 39% and 45% for the four treatments, respectively, relative to untreated soil (control). Rice grain yields from the superphosphate and the joint application treatments increased by 8.0% and 11.8%, respectively, and Cd accumulation within those grains reduced by 14.3% and 48.9%, respectively. During the winter non-growth period, freeze-thaw aging facilitated Cd mobilization, with DTPA-extractable Cd increasing by 16.9% in the control soil, relative to the initial period. However, this reduced to 10.9%, 14.4%, 7.6% and 5.0%, for the sepiolite, superphosphate, biochar and joint application treatments, respectively. Overall, the joint application of biochar and superphosphate provided the best performance in terms of both long-term Cd immobilization and rice production enhancement, offering a green remediation option for risk management at Cd contaminated rice paddies in seasonally frozen regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Hou
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - David O'Connor
- School of Real Estate and Land Management, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester GL7 1RS, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, Wuppertal 42285, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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24
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Meng Z, Huang S, Xu T, Lin Z, Wu J. Competitive adsorption, immobilization, and desorption risks of Cd, Ni, and Cu in saturated-unsaturated soils by biochar under combined aging. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128903. [PMID: 35460995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated saturated-unsaturated soils, which were closer to the actual field conditions than traditional batch and column experiments with large water-soil ratios. The competitive adsorption, immobilization, and desorption of Cd, Ni, and Cu in soils treated with original and KMnO4-modified biochars were investigated under combined aging. Moreover, the employment of a three-layer mesh method enabled the independent analysis of heavy metals on biochar and soil during aging. The results showed that the order of biochar adsorption capacities was Cd > Cu > Ni in tested soils, and competing with Ni and Cu enhanced the Cd adsorption on biochars. Cd desorbed most with the CaCl2 solution while Ni and Cu desorbed most with citric acid. Modified biochar had improved immobilization effects compared to original biochar, and maintained the most stable remediation effects. The maximum variations in the stable Cd fraction during aging were 7.21%, 13.26%, and 14.71% for modified biochar, original biochar, and CK, respectively. However, for Ni and Cu, the biochar application reduced the residual fraction and increased desorption by citric acid. However, the stable fractions of Ni and Cu remained dominant, accounting for 83.28-97.85% and 86.31-98.96%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongbing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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25
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Gao Y, Wu P, Jeyakumar P, Bolan N, Wang H, Gao B, Wang S, Wang B. Biochar as a potential strategy for remediation of contaminated mining soils: Mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114973. [PMID: 35398638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal contamination caused by mining activities is a global issue. These heavy metals can be enriched in plants and animals through the food chain, and eventually transferred to the human system and threatening public health. Biochar, as an environmentally friendly soil remediation agent, can effectively immobilize heavy metals in soil. However, most researchers concern more about the remediation effect and mechanism of biochar for industrial and agricultural contaminated soil, while related reviews focusing on mining soil remediation are limited. Furthermore, the remediation effect of soil in mining areas is affected by many factors, such as physicochemical properties of biochar, pyrolysis conditions, soil conditions, mining environment and application method, which can lead to great differences in the remediation effect of biochar in diverse mining areas. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically unravel the relevant knowledge of biochar remediation, which can also provide a guide for future studies on biochar remediation of contaminated soils in mining areas. The present paper first reviews the negative effects of mining activities on soil and the advantages of biochar relative to other remediation methods, followed by the mechanism and influencing factors of biochar on reducing heavy metal migration and bioavailability in mining soil were systematically summarized. Finally, the main research directions and development trends in the future are pointed out, and suggestions for future development are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Gao
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- The Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
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26
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Meng Z, Huang S, Lin Z, Mu W, Ge H, Huang D. Cadmium long-term immobilization by biochar and potential risks in soils with different pH under combined aging. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:154018. [PMID: 35192823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cd long-term immobilization by biochar and potential risk in soils with different pH were quantified under a combined artificial aging, which simulated five years of aging in the field based on local climate. Two biochars (original and KMnO4-modified) and five soils with different pH were tested, and an improved three-layer mesh method was employed in this study. Five aging cycles were carried out (Cycle 1-Cycle 5), and each aging cycle quantitatively simulated 1 year of natural aging. As the aging time increased, Cd leaching loss in all soils gradually increased from Cycle 1 to Cycle 5; for relatively stable Cd fraction, it decreased firstly and then stabilized in acidic and neutral soils (S1-S4), while it decreased firstly and then increased in alkaline soil (S5). Biochars significantly promoted Cd immobilization in strongly acidic soil (S1) by increasing relatively stable fractions and decreasing leaching loss. For weakly acidic and neutral soils (S2-S4), although biochars still had positive effects, the immobilization effects were weakened to certain extents compared with S1. The percentage of Cd leaching loss decreased by 19.12% in strongly acidic soil (S1) and by 1.12-11.35% in weakly acidic and neutral soils (S2-S4) after modified biochar treatment. For alkaline soil (S5), the application of biochars had negative effects on Cd immobilization by decreasing relatively stable fractions and increasing leaching loss, and posed risks to the environment. For strongly acidic soil (S1) and weakly acidic and neutral soils (S2-S4), the percentages of relatively stable fractions increased from 6.09-19.93% to 24.98-36.70% after modified biochar treatment. However, for alkaline soil, the percentage of relatively stable fractions decreased from 55.27% to 53.93% after biochar treatment. The more acidic the soil, the more effective the Cd immobilization by biochar. Biochars with high pH level are not suitable for the remediation of alkaline Cd contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Zhongbing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Wenting Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Haimeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Daoyou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, PR China
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Gong H, Zhao L, Rui X, Hu J, Zhu N. A review of pristine and modified biochar immobilizing typical heavy metals in soil: Applications and challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128668. [PMID: 35325861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of biochar in the remediation of heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil has received tremendous attention globally. We reviewed the latest research on the immobilization of soil HMs by biochar almost in the last 5 years (until 2021). The methods, effects and mechanisms of biochar and modified biochar on the immobilization of typical HMs in soil have been systematically summarized. In general, the HMs contaminating the soil can be categorized into two groups, the oxy-anionic HMs (As and Cr) and the cationic HMs (Pb, Cd, etc.). Reduction and precipitation of oxy-anionic HMs by biochar/modified biochar are the dominant mechanism for reducing HMs toxicity. Pristine biochar can effectively immobilize cationic HMs. The commonly applied modification method is to add substances that can precipitate HMs to the biochar. In addition, we assessed the risks of biochar applications. For instance, biochar may cause the leaching of certain HMs; biochar aging; co-transportation of biochar nanoparticles with HMs. Future work should focus on the artificial/intelligent design of biochar to make it suitable for remediation of multiple HMs contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Gong
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuan Rui
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinwen Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Abdelrhman F, Gao J, Ali U, Wan N, Hu H. Assessment of goethite-combined/modified biochar for cadmium and arsenic remediation in alkaline paddy soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:40745-40754. [PMID: 35083675 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The opposed transformation of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in paddy soil postures numerous challenges for their simultaneous remediation. An incubation study was conducted on the immobilization of Cd and As by biochar (BC), goethite (G), goethite-combined biochar (BC + G), and goethite-modified biochar (GBC). The results showed that biochar effectively immobilized Cd while significantly increasing As mobility, whereas goethite effectively immobilized As more than Cd. BC + G treatment significantly decreased toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) and CaCl2-extractable Cd by 22.70% and 40.15%; meanwhile, TCLP and NaHCO3-As were significantly reduced by 38.25% and 31.87%, respectively, compared with the control. This study found that GBC was the optimum amendment within the immobilization efficiency for CaCl2-Cd (57.03%) and TCLP-As (61.11%). BC + G and GBC applications showed some interactions between biochar and goethite, which played an essential role in immobilizing Cd and As simultaneously. Therefore, GBC showed a great benefit in being a low-cost and efficient environmental amendment for Cd and As remediation in alkaline co-contaminated paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abdelrhman
- Key Laboratory of Soil Health Diagnostic and Green Remediation, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jieyu Gao
- Hubei Geological Survey Institute, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Umeed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Health Diagnostic and Green Remediation, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Neng Wan
- Hubei Geological Survey Institute, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Health Diagnostic and Green Remediation, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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29
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Zheng L, Tong C, Gao J, Xiao R. Effects of wetland plant biochars on heavy metal immobilization and enzyme activity in soils from the Yellow River estuary. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:40796-40811. [PMID: 35083684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of wetland plant biochars on the enzyme activity in heavy metal contaminated soil. The biochars were produced from Phragmites australis (PB), Suaeda salsa (SB), and Tamarix chinensis (TB) under different pyrolysis temperatures and times. The detected pyrolysis products showed that the ash, pH, electrical conductivity, and carbon content of the biochars increased significantly, while the production rate of the biochars decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature and time. The results of the adsorption experiments indicated that biochar addition could effectively reduce the concentration of Pb and/or Cd in the Pb2+/Cd2+ single or mixed solutions, but the Pb2+ and Cd2+ in the mixed solution indicated a competitive adsorption. A 30-day incubation experiment was conducted using salt marsh soil amended with different biochar application rates to investigate the short-term effects of biochar addition on Pb and Cd immobilization. The PB and SB significantly immobilized Pb within the first 15 days, but Pb remobilized within the next 15-day period. In contrast, TB addition did not significantly fix Pb. Moreover, biochar addition promoted the conversion of Cd from the residue to the less immobile fractions. The addition of three types of plant biochar had no significant effect on the urease activity in wetland soil but significantly increased soil sucrase activity. PB and SB significantly promoted catalase activity, while TB significantly inhibited soil catalase activity. According to the adsorption effect, the fixation effect, and the promotion of enzyme activities, the Suaeda salsa biochars are suitable for the remediation of heavy metal pollution in wetland soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidi Zheng
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Chuan Tong
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Jujuan Gao
- Fujian Minjiang River Estuary Wetland National Nature Reserve Administrative Office, Fuzhou, 350200, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Li Q, Liang W, Liu F, Wang G, Wan J, Zhang W, Peng C, Yang J. Simultaneous immobilization of arsenic, lead and cadmium by magnesium-aluminum modified biochar in mining soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 310:114792. [PMID: 35220092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the human activities such as smelting and mining, arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) seriously polluted the soil of non-ferrous metal mining areas, thus efficient methods for the simultaneous immobilization of the three heavy metals are urgently needed. In the present study, Mg-Al modified biochars (MABs) were synthesized through a simple one-pot pyrolysis method to immobilize the three heavy metals. According to the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) test method, MABs had larger specific surface areas than biochar. Compared to the materials obtained at 300 °C and 700 °C, MAB with a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C (MAB 500) had a significant immobilization effect on As, Pb and Cd in the Gansu mining area. Compared with BC, the removal efficiencies of As, Pb and Cd increased from -62%, 17% and 5% to 52%, 100% and 66%, respectively. And the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test showed that the leaching concentrations of the three heavy metals in the treated soil were all lower than the standard value. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and kinetic experiments showed that there were various mechanisms in the immobilization process of the three heavy metals, and the large specific surface area and the multi-Mg/Al-OH of MABs play an important role in this process. More charges were provided by larger specific surface for ion exchange with heavy metals. In addition, larger specific surface area also provided more adsorption sites. More complex sites were provided by Mg/Al-OH to form Mg/Al-O-M then immobilize the heavy metals. In summary, the immobilization mechanism may involve electrostatic attraction, precipitation/co-precipitation, and surface complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weiyu Liang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Gehui Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jiang Wan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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31
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Effects of Modified Biochar on the Mobility and Speciation Distribution of Cadmium in Contaminated Soil. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium-contaminated soil poses a threat to the environment and human health. Biochar materials have received widespread attention as an in situ immobilizer for the efficient remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soils. In this study, a modified biochar material (E–CBC) was developed for the immobilization of Cd in contaminated soil. E–CBC was characterized by XPS, SEM, BET, and FTIR. The effects of pristine biochar (BC) and E–CBC on soil physicochemical properties (pH and soil organic matter (SOM)), CaCl2-extractable Cd, total characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) Cd, and speciation distribution of Cd were studied by incubation experiments. The results showed that the application of BC and E–CBC increased soil pH slightly and SOM significantly. A 2% dosage BC and E–CBC treatment reduced CaCl2-extractable Cd by 14.62% and 91.79%, and reduced TCLP Cd by 9.81% and 99.8%, respectively. E–CBC was shown to effectively induce the transition of Cd in the soil to a stable state. The application of a 0.25% dosage of E–CBC reduced the acid-extractable fraction of Cd from 58.06% to 10.66%. The functional groups increased after modification and may play an important role in the immobilization of Cd in the contaminated soil. In conclusion, E–CBC is a promising in situ immobilizer for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.
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32
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Liu Y, Chen J. Effect of ageing on biochar properties and pollutant management. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133427. [PMID: 34954191 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a carbon-rich pyrogenic material for multifunctional environmental applications such as carbon sequestration, soil amendment, and pollutant management, etc. Owing to long-term existing in the soil, biochar would inevitably suffer from natural geochemical weathering. Such ageing process could pose nonnegligible impacts on the physicochemical property and functionality of biochar. For an object-oriented design of biochar under different application ageing conditions, the latest research progress on ageing methods, biochar properties, and pollutant sorption performance needs to be fully understood. Specifically, the effect of soil components on biochar ageing is critically reviewed, which is of importance but not fully explored so far. The decrease of ash in aged biochar can inhibit the adsorption of heavy metals. The loss of aromatic components and the formation of three-dimensional water clusters during the ageing process have a negative impact on high-temperature biochar (>500° C) for organic pollutants adsorption. For long-term soil remediation, these results remind us to carefully use high-ash biochar for heavy metals and high-temperature biochar for organic pollutants. The interaction between soil minerals and biochar can form organometallic complexes and change functional groups to enhance the oxidation resistance of biochar. In the present review, the current research on biochar ageing are critical reviewed, and the further researches are prospected including developing advanced artificial ageing methods, exploring the impact of soil components on biochar ageing, and clarifying the long-term environmental behavior of modified biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
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Liu L, Song Z, Li Q, Ellam RM, Tang J, Wang Y, Sarkar B, Wang H. Accumulation and partitioning of toxic trace metal(loid)s in phytoliths of wheat grown in a multi-element contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118645. [PMID: 34883150 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cropland contamination by toxic trace metal (loid)s (TTMs) has attracted increasing attention due to the serious consequential threat to crop quality and human health. Mitigation of plant TTM stress by silica amendment has been proposed recently. However, the relationship between the siliceous structure of phytoliths and TTMs in plants, and the environmental implications of phytolith-occluded trace metal (loid)s (PhytTMs) remain unclear. This study assessed the accumulation of five metal (loid)s, including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As), in the organic tissues and phytoliths of wheat grown in a mixed-TTM contaminated soil under both lightly and heavily contaminated conditions. The results show that the concentrations of plant TTMs and PhytTMs were significantly (p < 0.05) positively correlated, and higher in heavily contaminated wheats than those in lightly contaminated ones. The bio-enrichment factors between phytoliths and organic tissues were higher for As (1.83), Pb (0.27) and Zn (0.30) than for Cd (0.03) and Cu (0.14), implying that As, Pb and Zn were more readily co-precipitated with silicon (Si) in phytolith structures than Cd and Cu. Network analysis of the relationship between soil and plant elements with PhytTMs showed that severe contamination could impact the homeostasis of elements in plants by altering the translocation of TTMs between soils, plants, and phytoliths. The accumulation of TTMs in phytoliths was affected by the capacity of Si deposition in tissues and chelation of TTMs with silica, which could impact the role of PhytTMs in global biogeochemical TTM cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rob M Ellam
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, G750QF, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Jingchun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Environment & Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
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Liu M, Almatrafi E, Zhang Y, Xu P, Song B, Zhou C, Zeng G, Zhu Y. A critical review of biochar-based materials for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated environment: Applications and practical evaluations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150531. [PMID: 34844313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment has aroused a global concern. The valid remediation of HM contaminated environment is a highly significant issue. As alternative to carbon materials, biochar has been vastly documented for the remediation of HM contaminated environment. However, there are some possible imperfections to meet the actual remediation tasks as the finite properties of raw biochar, and the remediation process is complex and unexpectedly. This review focuses on the progress made on environmental HM remediation by biochar-based materials within the past six years. The property analysis and key modifications of biochar are summarized inspired by their applicability or necessity for HM decontamination, and the environmental remediation as well as the implicated mechanisms are thoroughly elaborated from multiple pivotal sides. The evaluations of practical application associated with biochar amendment are also presented. Finally, some pertinent improvements and research directions are proposed. To our knowledge, this article is the first time to make a systematic summary on the reliability and practicability of biochar-based materials for environmental HM remediation, and critically pointed out the existing issues to facilitate the judicious design of biochar-based materials and understanding the research trends. It is also aims to provide reference for subsequent research and propel the practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China
| | - Piao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yuan Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Jiang S, Dai G, Zhou J, Zhong J, Liu J, Shu Y. An assessment of integrated amendments of biochar and soil replacement on the phytotoxicity of metal(loid)s in rotated radish-soya bean-amaranth in a mining acidy soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132082. [PMID: 34523456 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge is insufficient on feasible remediation techniques to agricultural soils contaminated by multiple heavy metal(loid)s with elevated concentrations and extreme acidy from acid mine drainages (AMD). We aimed to elucidate the effect of integrated biochar (BC) and soil replacement on improving the mining soil properties and then alleviating the phytotoxicity of As, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn on radish (Raphanus sativus L.)-soya bean (Glycine max Merr.) -amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) rotation and the potential risk of crops to human health. Biochar and soil replacement showed outstanding effects on improving soil properties by increasing soil pH values, reducing available metal(loid)s, and enhancing the activity of catalase, urease and acid phosphatase. Also, the integrated technique regulated the physiological disorders of crops caused by metal(loid)s, specifically increasing chlorophyll content and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) in the three crops, and reducing the content of metal(loid)s in edible parts of plants. The combination of biochar and soil replacement exhibited better remediation effect than the single application of biochar or soil replacement, which played different roles in remediating mining farmland. Biochar exhibited efficacy in soil pH amelioration, metal stabilization and soil enzyme activity enhancement, while soil replacement alleviated metal(loid)s stress through the dilution effect. Among the 8 treatments, only biochar combined with 35% (S35BC) and 50% (S50BC) of replaced soil could achieve the safe production of the three crops under the three-season crop rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Jiang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guangling Dai
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Administrative Bureau of Hunan East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junguang Liu
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuehong Shu
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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de Lima Veloso V, da Silva FBV, Dos Santos NM, do Nascimento CWA. Phytoattenuation of Cd, Pb, and Zn in a Slag-contaminated Soil Amended with Rice Straw Biochar and Grown with Energy Maize. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 69:196-212. [PMID: 34480611 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has attracted interest due to its ability to improve soil fertility, soil carbon, and crop yield. Also, biochar can adsorb metals and render them less bioavailable. We investigated the soil availability, sequential extraction, and maize uptake of Cd, Pb, and Zn in a highly contaminated soil amended with rice straw biochar rates (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 Mg ha-1). We hypothesized that biochar application to the soil cultivated with maize attenuates metal toxicity and mobility in slag-polluted soils near an abandoned Pb smelting plant in Brazil. Results showed that applying biochar increased the soil organic carbon, CEC, and P up to 27, 30, and 107, respectively. Plant accumulation of P and N was 104 and 32% higher than control, while aerial and root biomasses were increased by 18 and 23%. The sequential extraction showed that Pb and Zn in the original soil were retained mainly in residual fractions (94 and 87%, respectively), while Cd was mostly allocated in the organic fraction (47%). Biochar rates increased the proportion of Cd in the organic fraction to 85%, while Pb and Zn were redistributed mainly into iron oxides. The Cd, Pb, and Zn bioavailability assessed by DTPA decreased 32% in the biochar-amended soil, reducing plants' metal uptake. The maize biomass increase, metal soil bioavailability decrease, and low metal concentration in shoots driven by biochar indicate that phytoattenuation using rice straw biochar and maize cultivation could reduce risks to humans and the environment in the polluted sites of Santo Amaro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venâncio de Lima Veloso
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Bruno Vieira da Silva
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
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Cui H, Wang Q, Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhou J, Zhou D, Zhou J. Aging reduces the bioavailability of copper and cadmium in soil immobilized by biochars with various concentrations of endogenous metals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149136. [PMID: 34311356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is widely used for environmental remediation. However, the effects of aging on the bioavailability of trace metals in biochar-amended soil remain largely unknown, especially for the biochars with various concentrations of endogenous metals. In this study, three biochars marked as BB, MB, and HB were produced from the straws of Pennisetum sinese grown in background soil, moderately-, and highly-polluted soils by trace metals, respectively. We distinguished the effects of dry-wet (DW) and freeze-thaw (FT) aging on the bioavailability of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) from soil particles, the biochar interior, and the surface of biochar. The adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Cd2+ followed the order of BB > MB > HB. DW and FT aging both increased the adsorption capacity of Cu2+, but decreased that of Cd2+ in the three biochars, resulting in a reduction in Cu bioavailability and increase in Cd bioavailability in the biochars after the saturated adsorption of Cu2+ and Cd2+. The incorporation of the three biochars decreased Cu bioavailability compared to the control after incubation for 30d, while the addition of MB increased Cd bioavailability. DW and FT aging decreased Cu bioavailability in biochar-amended soil by decreasing the bioavailability of Cu adsorbed on the biochar surface and immobilized by soil particles. Meanwhile, aging decreased Cd bioavailability by decreasing the bioavailability of Cd immobilized by soil particles. Overall, environmental risk would be increased by the application of biochars with high endogenous Cd. The major implications are that biochar dosage and environmental risk should be carefully assessed before large-scale, continuous application, especially for biochars containing high contents of endogenous trace metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Cui
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Engineering laboratory of Anhui Province for comprehensive utilization of water and soil resources and construction of ecological protection in mining area with high groundwater level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu 241003, China
| | - Qiuya Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Engineering laboratory of Anhui Province for comprehensive utilization of water and soil resources and construction of ecological protection in mining area with high groundwater level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu 241003, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Engineering laboratory of Anhui Province for comprehensive utilization of water and soil resources and construction of ecological protection in mining area with high groundwater level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu 241003, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Engineering laboratory of Anhui Province for comprehensive utilization of water and soil resources and construction of ecological protection in mining area with high groundwater level, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu 241003, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Zhang B, Liu L, Huang Z, Hou H, Zhao L, Sun Z. Application of stochastic model to assessment of heavy metal(loid)s source apportionment and bio-availability in rice fields of karst area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148614. [PMID: 34328992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities and high geological background are considered the important factors causing heavy metal(loid)s accumulation in rice fields of karst area. In this study, the contents, main sources, and the factors influencing bio-availability of heavy metal(loid)s were determined using conditional inference tree (CIT), random forest (RF), and geostatistical analyses with 105 soil samples collected from rice fields in karst area. Contamination by Cd, Hg, As, and Pb in soil was relatively serious in the study area in which the compound pollution was highly similar to that in the flooded area. CIT and RF effectively identified the contributions of natural and anthropogenic inputs of soil heavy metal(loid)s. Concentrations of Pb, As, and Hg were closely associated with human inputs whose cumulative contribution rates reached 68%, 87%, and 86%, respectively. Industrial activities (28%) and geogenic characteristics (44%) were primary sources of Cd accumulation. The soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), distance from city center, the contents of heavy metal(loid)s in soil, and industry type were the most important factors influencing bio-availability of heavy metal(loid)s. Combined effect of multiple metals could not be ignored, in which As and Cd contributed over 80% to total non-carcinogenic risks for adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Zhang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Lingling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhanbin Huang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zaijin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Arabi Z, Rinklebe J, El-Naggar A, Hou D, Sarmah AK, Moreno-Jiménez E. (Im)mobilization of arsenic, chromium, and nickel in soils via biochar: A meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117199. [PMID: 33992901 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a promising immobilizing agent of trace elements (TEs) in contaminated soils. However, several contradictory results have been reported regarding the potential of biochar to immobilize arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) in contaminated soils. We conducted a meta-analysis on the published papers since 2006 until 2019 to examine the effects of biochar on the chemical (im)mobilization of As, Cr, and Ni in contaminated soils and to elucidate the major factors that control their interactions with biochar in soil. We synthesized 48 individual papers comprised of a total of 9351 pairwise comparisons and used the statistical tool of Cohen's d as an appropriate effect size for the comparison between means. We found that the application of biochar often increased the As mobilization in soils. Important variables that modulated the biochar effects on As mobilization in soil were pyrolysis temperature and time (ranging between 8 and 16 times when T > 450 °C and t > 1hr), organic matter (7-16 times when SOM<3%) and further site conditions. In contrast to As, biochar efficiently immobilized Cr and Ni in contaminated soils. The extent of the Cr and Ni immobilization was determined by the feedstock (Cr: 7-18 times for agricultural residue-derived biochar; Ni: 13-32 times for woody biomass-derived biochar). Our meta-analysis provides a compilation on the potential of different types of biochar to reduce/increase the mobilization of As, Cr, and Ni in various soils and under different experimental conditions. This study provides important insights on factors that affect biochar's efficiency for the (im)mobilization of As, Cr, and Ni in contaminated soils. While biochar effectively immobilizes Cr and Ni, a proper management of As-polluted soils with pristine biochar is still challenging. This limitation might be overcome by modification of biochar surfaces to exhibit higher surface area and functionality and active sites for surface complexation with TEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Arabi
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch, 4914739975-717, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali El-Naggar
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez
- Department of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Kong X, Hao P, Duan H. Super‐stable mineralization effect of layered double hydroxides for heavy metals: Application in soil remediation and perspective. EXPLORATION 2021; 1:20210052. [PMCID: PMC10190976 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Peipei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Sun T, Xu Y, Sun Y, Wang L, Liang X, Zheng S. Cd immobilization and soil quality under Fe-modified biochar in weakly alkaline soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130606. [PMID: 33964760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective and environment-friendly implementation techniques are critical to the success of remediation in large-scale cadmium (Cd) contaminated agricultural soil. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of Fe-modified biochar on Cd bioavailability in soils and uptake by maize (Zea mays L.), soil aggregate distribution and stability, and microbial community composition in weakly alkaline Cd-contaminated soil. Results showed that Fe-modified biochar optimized the structure and stability of soil aggregates. Moreover, the content of soil organic carbon increased by 6.59%-20.36% when compared with the control groups. However, DTPA-Cd concentration under the treatment of Fe-modified biochar was suffered by 37.74%-41.65% reduction in contrast with CK, and the significant decrease (P < 0.05) was obtained at 0.5% Fe-modified biochar. Moreover, sequential extraction procedures showed that the acid soluble and reducible states of Cd was converted into oxidizable and residual form. The addition of Fe-modified biochar inhibited Cd accumulation in maize, being 41.31%-76.64% (Zhengdan 958), 38.19%-70.95% (Liyu 86) and 52.30%-59.95% (Sanbei 218) reduction, respectively, in contrast with CK. The activity of catalase, urease and alkaline phosphatase in soil increased gradually with the addition of Fe-modified biochar. The enhancement in the number of soil bacterial OTUs and the values of Shannon, Chao1, ACE index indicated that Fe-modified biochar promoted the richness and diversity of bacterial communities. Therefore, the improvements of soil environment and biological quality indicated that Fe-modified biochar should be an alternative agent on remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA), Tianjin, 300191, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, MARA, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yingming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA), Tianjin, 300191, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, MARA, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yuebing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA), Tianjin, 300191, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, MARA, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA), Tianjin, 300191, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, MARA, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xuefeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA), Tianjin, 300191, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, MARA, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Shunan Zheng
- Rural Energy & Environment Agency, MARA, Beijing, 100125, China.
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Yang D, Yang S, Yuan H, Wang F, Wang H, Xu J, Liu X. Co-benefits of biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron in simultaneously stabilizing soil heavy metals and reducing their bioaccessibility. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126292. [PMID: 34118546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the performance and encapsulation mechanisms of novel biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI-BC) used for the remediation of soil co-contaminated with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) via incubation and column experiments. Compared with the control, 0.50% of nZVI-BC significantly decreased the leakage of As, Cd, and Pb by 97.94-98.45%, 42.86-81.12%, and 82.14-92.49%, respectively. In addition, 0.50% of nZVI-BC could transform the fraction of unstable heavy metals into a stable form, which substantially decreased the availability, leachability, and bioaccessibility of the heavy metals and hence greatly reduced the human health exposure risk. Column experiments showed that 0.50% of nZVI-BC effectively restrained the leaching of As, Cd, and Pb by 95.60-99.84%, 70.82-84.18%, and 91.68-99.81%, respectively. The predominant encapsulation mechanisms of nZVI-BC included complexation, precipitation/co-precipitation, reduction, and the formation of ternary surface complexes. Based on these insights, we can devise new strategies for the remediation of soil co-contaminated with As, Cd, and Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiyan Yang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghong Yuan
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Al Mamun S, Saha S, Ferdush J, Tusher TR, Abu-Sharif M, Alam MF, Balks MR, Parveen Z. Cadmium contamination in agricultural soils of Bangladesh and management by application of organic amendments: evaluation of field assessment and pot experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:3557-3582. [PMID: 33582940 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils and its subsequent transfer to crops is one of the high-priority environmental and public health issues of global concern, especially in densely populated developing countries like Bangladesh. However, no effective strategy has been introduced or implemented yet to manage Cd-contaminated soils in order to sustain agricultural production with no human health risks. In this study, agricultural soil samples were collected from 60 locations of 10 upazilas from Tangail district to assess the extent of soil Cd contamination. The Cd concentration ranged from 0.83 to 4.08 mg kg-1 with a mean of 2.17 mg kg-1 in topsoil (0-15 cm), and from 0.67 to 3.74 mg kg-1 with a mean of 2.10 mg kg-1 in subsoil (16-30 cm). The values of contamination factor (CF) indicated that all the sampling locations were found to be highly contaminated with Cd. Pot trials with the application of different doses of biochar and vermicompost in Cd-contaminated soil (0.8 mg kg-1 Cd) revealed that integrated application of biochar (5 t ha-1) and vermicompost (5 t ha-1) was the best treatment that significantly (p < 0.05) reduced plant Cd concentration (72%) and increased the biomass of experimental crop, Red amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus). This combined treatment also significantly reduced the uptake of Cr (37%) when co-contamination was present. The study suggests the application of biochar (5 t ha-1) in combination with vermicompost (5 t ha-1) to reduce human health risk and increase crop production when the soil is loamy sand in texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamim Al Mamun
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Shatabdi Saha
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Jannatara Ferdush
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tanmoy Roy Tusher
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh.
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980- 8579, Japan.
| | - Md Abu-Sharif
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ferdous Alam
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 3787, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Symbiotic System Science and Technology, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Megan R Balks
- Faculty of Science, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Zakia Parveen
- 7Department of Soil, Water and Environment, Dhaka University, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Li M, Yin H, Zhu M, Yu Y, Lu G, Dang Z. Co-metabolic and biochar-promoted biodegradation of mixed PAHs by highly efficient microbial consortium QY1. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 107:65-76. [PMID: 34412788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), typical representatives of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have become ubiquitous in the environment. In this study, a novel microbial consortium QY1 that performed outstanding PAHs-degrading capacity has been enriched. The degradation characteristics of single and mixed PAHs treated with QY1 were studied, and the effect of biochar on biodegradation of mixed PAHs and the potential of biochar in PAHs-heavy metal combined pollution bioremediation were also investigated. Results showed that, in single substrate system, QY1 degraded 94.5% of 500 mg/L phenanthrene (PHE) and 17.8% of 10 mg/L pyrene (PYR) after 7 days, while in PHE-PYR mixture system, the biodegradation efficiencies of PHE (500 mg/L) and PYR (10 mg/L) reached 94.0% and 96.2%, respectively, since PHE served as co-metabolic substrate to have significantly improved PYR biodegradation. Notably, with the cooperation of biochar, the biodegradations of PHE and PYR were greatly accelerated. Further, biochar could reduce the adverse impact of heavy metals (Cd2+, Cu2+, Cr2O72-) on PYR biodegradation remarkably. The sequencing analysis revealed that Methylobacterium, Burkholderia and Stenotrophomonas were the dominant genera of QY1 in almost all treatments, indicating that these genera might play key roles in PAHs biodegradation. Overall, this study provided new insights into the efficient bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Minghan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Guining Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
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Gholami L, Rahimi G. Chemical fractionation of copper and zinc after addition of carrot pulp biochar and thiourea-modified biochar to a contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3523-3532. [PMID: 32072858 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1733101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, there is presented a thorough investigation of the effect of biochar produced via pyrolysis of carrot pulp with pre and post-modification by thiourea (CH4N2S) at three rates (0, 4%, and 8%) on fractionation of Cu and Zn in acidic soil. The sequential extraction procedure of BCR was utilized for the determination of heavy metals fractionation. According to the FTIR analysis, the thiourea-modified biochar (TMB) had more surface functional groups in comparison with the carrot pulp biochar (CB). The 8% TMB application, was more effective in increasing the CEC, pH, EC, and SOC of the soil than the 8% CB treatment. The BCR test revealed that after the addition of CB and TMB, the acid extractable Cu and Zn decreased considerably. Thiourea-modified biochar was more effective than pristine biochar in decreasing the acid extractable metals fraction. The addition of TMB induced the conversion of the acid extractable fraction of Cu to residual and organic matter bound fractions, and the acid extractable fraction of Zn to residual, organic matter bound and oxides bound fractions. This work suggests that thiourea-modified biochar can be a low-cost and effective amendment for immobilizing Cu and Zn in contaminated acidic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Rahimi
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Lyu P, Wang G, Cao Y, Wang B, Deng N. Phosphorus-modified biochar cross-linked Mg-Al layered double-hydroxide composite for immobilizing uranium in mining contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130116. [PMID: 33690044 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The decommissioning of uranium mill tailings (UMTs) is usually accompanied by uranium (U) contamination in soil, which poses a serious threat to human health and ecological safety. In this study, a novel phosphorus-modified bamboo biochar (PBC) cross-linked Mg-Al layered double-hydroxide (LDH) composite ("PBC@LDH") was successfully prepared by phosphate pre-impregnation and a hydrothermal method with Mg-Al LDH. Physicochemical analysis revealed that phosphorus-containing functional groups and Mg-Al LDH were grafted onto the pristine biochar (BC) matrix. Laboratory-scale incubation and column leaching experiments were performed on the prepared BC, PBC, and PBC@LDH. The results showed that, at a dosage of 10%, the PBC@LDH composite had a commendable ability to immobilize U in soil. After 40 days of incubation with the stabilizer, the more mobile U was converted into immobilized species. Furthermore, during a column leaching experiment with simulated acid rain, the cumulative loss and leaching efficiency of U were remarkably reduced by PBC@LDH treatment compared with the control, reaching 53% and 54%, respectively. Surface complexation, co-precipitation, and reduction described the adsorption and immobilization mechanisms. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that the PBC@LDH composite offers a potentially effective amendment for the remediation of U contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Yelin Cao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Nansheng Deng
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Munir MAM, Irshad S, Yousaf B, Ali MU, Dan C, Abbas Q, Liu G, Yang X. Interactive assessment of lignite and bamboo-biochar for geochemical speciation, modulation and uptake of Cu and other heavy metals in the copper mine tailing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146536. [PMID: 34030257 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the combined effect of bamboo-biochar (BC) and water-washed lignite (LGT) at copper mine tailings (CuMT) sites on the concentration of Cu and other metals in pore water (PW), their bioavailability, and change in geochemical speciation. Rapeseed (first cropping-season) and wheat (second cropping-season) were grown for 40-days each and the influence of applied-amendments on both cropping seasons was observed and compared. A significant increase in pH, water holding capacity (WHC), and soil organic carbon (SOC) was observed after the applied amendments in second cropping-seasons. The BC-LGT significantly reduced the concentration of Cu in PW after second cropping seasons; however, the concentration of Pb and Zn were increased with the individual application of biochar and LGT, respectively. BC-LGT and BC-2% significantly reduced the bioavailability of Cu and other HMs in both cropping seasons. The treated-CuMT was subjected to spectroscopic investigation through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The results showed that Cu sorption mainly involved the coordination with hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups, as well as the co-precipitation or complexation on mineral surfaces, which vary with the applied amendment and bulk amount of Mg, Mn, and Fe released during sorption-process. The co-application of BC-LGT exerted significant effectiveness in immobilizing Cu and other HMs in CuMT. The outcomes of the study indicated that co-application of BC-LGT is an efficacious combination of organic and inorganic materials for Cu adsorption which may provide some new information for the sustainable remediation of copper mine tailing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehr Ahmed Mujtaba Munir
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China.
| | - Samina Irshad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China; Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Muhammad Ubaid Ali
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Chen Dan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qumber Abbas
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China.
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Microbial Community in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil under Silicon Fertilizer and Biochar Remediation. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9964562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon fertilizer and biochar have been widely used to remediate soil contaminated by heavy metals. The effects and mechanism of silicon fertilizer and biochar addition on the heavy metal availability, soil biological properties, and microbial community characteristics need further study in soils contaminated by heavy metals. Therefore, this research determined how silicon fertilizer, biochar, and their combined using affected microbial communities related with nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. The abundance and composition of the microbial community were evaluated by quantitative PCR and phospholipid fatty acid analysis, respectively. Results showed that silicon fertilizer and biochar addition significantly changed soil properties, including pH, total organic carbon, ammonium, nitrate. The Cd and Zn speciation were significantly reduced by silicon fertilizer, biochar, and their integrated application. Microbial community abundance and structure were also significantly changed. Principal component analysis shows that the difference in soil microbial community structure is the most obvious under the combined addition of biochar, silicon fertilizer and biochar. In addition, the results of fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that with biological addition, the number of soil bacteria was significantly reduced. This study reveals the influence of silicon fertilizer and biochar on bacterial and fungal communities in heavy metal soils and the effect of soil heavy metal availability.
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State of the Art Research on Sustainable Use of Water Hyacinth: A Bibliometric and Text Mining Analysis. INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/informatics8020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to present a systematic data-driven bibliometric analysis of the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) infestation problem around the globe. As many solutions are being proposed in academia for its management, mitigation, and utilization, it requires investigation through a systematic scrutinizing lens. In this study, literature records from 1977 to June 2020 concerning research on water hyacinth are taken from Scopus for text analysis. Trends in the publication of different article types, dynamics of publication, clustering, correlation, and co-authoring patterns between different countries are observed. The cluster analysis indicated four clusters viz. (i) ecological works related to species, (ii) pollutant removal process and methods, (iii) utilization of biofuels for biogas production, and (iv) modelling works. It is clear from the networking analysis that most of the publications regarding water hyacinth are from India, followed by China and the United States. Sentiment analysis with the AFINN lexicon showed that the negative sentiment towards the aquatic weed has intensified over time. An exploratory analysis was performed using a bigram network plot, depicting and outlining different important domains of water hyacinth research. Water hyacinth research has passed the pioneering phase and is now at the end of a steady growth phase or at the beginning of an acceleration phase. In this article, an overview is given for the entirety of water hyacinth research, with an indication of future trends and possibilities.
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Fang W, Yang Y, Wang H, Yang D, Luo J, Williams PN. Rice Rhizospheric Effects on the Bioavailability of Toxic Trace Elements during Land Application of Biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7344-7354. [PMID: 33730498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Land application of biochar, the product of organic waste carbonization, can improve soil fertility as well as sequester carbon to mitigate climate change. In addition, biochar can greatly influence the bioavailability of toxic trace elements (TTEs) in soils resulting from its large internal surface areas, abundance in organic carbon, and ability to modify soil pH. Most research to date employs batch leaching tests to predict how biochar addition impacts TTE bioavailability, but these ex situ tests rarely considered the rhizospheric effect which might offset or intensify the changes induced by organic residue addition. This is especially so in rice rhizospheres because of strong clines in localized redox conditions. In this study, we adopted in situ high-resolution (HR) diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) as well as rhizo-bag porewater sampling experiments to depict an overall picture of the difference in TTE (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb) bioavailability between the rice rhizosphere and bulk soils during land application of biochar. Porewater sampling experiments revealed that biochar additions stimulated TTE release due to the increase of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and H+ concentrations. In the rhizosphere, although biochar still promoted As, Cd, and Ni release into porewaters, the rhizospheric effect was one of dampening/reduction compared with the bulk soil. When we focused on the localized changes of TTE bioavailability in the rhizosphere using an in situ HR-DGT approach, on the contrary, flux maxima of Cd, Cu, and Ni occurred near/on the root surface, and hot spots of As can be observed at peripheries of the rooting zone, which demonstrated the high heterogeneity and complexity of the rhizosphere's influence on TTE bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Danxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
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