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Su H, Hossain MJ, Uddin SA, Jiang S, Chang Y, Jiang S, Shi X, Liu ZB, He L, Zhang J. Dissolved trace elements in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River Basin: A new approach for estimating trace element flux inputs from rivers into the world's oceans. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 363:121389. [PMID: 38850923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the changes in the chemical compositions of dissolved trace elements from source to sink is important for determining their spatiotemporal variations and the contributions from each sub-catchment in the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna Rivers. To estimate weathering and matter transfer in these Rivers and the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (G-B-M) Estuary, we measured 15 dissolved trace element concentrations from surface and bottom water samples and exchangeable trace metals from suspended particulate matter (SPM). From December 2019 to January 2020, post-monsoon samples were collected from the upstream of the three rivers and the G-B-M Estuary. Dissolved trace elements in the Ganges and Meghna Rivers exhibited remarkable spatial variations, whereas those in the Brahmaputra River and the G-B-M Estuary were uniform. The dissolved trace elements, basic information (river length and drainage area), and physicochemical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity) of the three rivers were inconsistent. The sample sites near urban areas and industrial centers had high concentrations of dissolved trace elements. In the G-B-M Estuary, iron and lead concentrations decreased along the salinity gradient, whereas selenium levels gradually increased, which may have been released by the SPM owing to its highly exchangeable trace metals. Compared with historical concentrations, trace elements that entered the G-B Estuary from the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers exhibited either decreased or increased metal fluxes due to additional terrigenous sources, suggesting that the inputs of trace element flux from the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers into the oceans may need to be re-evaluated. Furthermore, Fe and Pb concentrations and river fluxes in the Ganges and Changjiang have decreased in recent years. Hence, the fluxes of certain trace elements that enter the oceans from large rivers may require re-evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Su
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
| | - Md Jaker Hossain
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Aftab Uddin
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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Dao PU, Heuzard AG, Le TXH, Zhao J, Yin R, Shang C, Fan C. The impacts of climate change on groundwater quality: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169241. [PMID: 38072271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater has been known as the second largest freshwater storage in the world, following surface water. Over the years, groundwater has already been under overwhelming pressure to satisfy human needs for artificial activities around the world. Meanwhile, the most noticeable footprint of human activities is the impact of climate change. Climate change has the potential to change the physical and chemical properties of groundwater, thereby affecting its ecological functions. This study summarizes existing research affiliated with the possible effects of a changing climate on the quality of groundwater, including changes in water availability, increased salinity and pollution from extreme weather events, and the potentiality of seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers. Previous works dealing with groundwater-induced responses to the climate system and climate impacts on groundwater quality through natural and anthropogenic processes have been reviewed. The climate-induced changes in groundwater quality including pH, dissolved oxygen level, salinity, and concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds were assessed. Some future research directions are proposed, including exploring the potential changes in the occurrences and fate of micropollutants in groundwater, examining the relationship between the increase of microcystin in groundwater and climate change, studying the changes in the stability of metals and metal complexation, and completing studies across different regional climate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Uyen Dao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Arnaud Guillaume Heuzard
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Thi Xuan Hoa Le
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chii Shang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chihhao Fan
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Reappraisal review on geopolymer: A new era of aluminosilicate binder for metal immobilization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang Y, Cuss C, Shotyk W. Application of asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation to the study of aquatic systems: Coupled methods, challenges, and future needs. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1632:461600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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5
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Zhang X, Wang H, Zhou F, Li B, Zhang W. Exploring the dynamics of Cu transported from the Yangtze River to the East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111250. [PMID: 32510392 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We used a section-segment method to determine the copper (Cu) fluxes from the Yangtze River to the East China Sea during 2012-2016 in this study, including the maximum, minimum and mean annual fluxes of dissolved and suspended Cu. The Cu fluxes exhibited a pronounced inter-annual variability. June was characterized with the highest monthly dissolved and suspended Cu fluxes, while the lowest monthly Cu fluxes was in February. The monthly Cu concentration and Cu fluxes both increased from January to June and decreased from July to December. The monthly Cu fluxes showed a positive correlation with the water flux and monthly mean Cu concentration; however, it had a negative correlation with the ratio of tidal flux to river runoff flux. Both natural (53%) and anthropogenic inputs (32.8%) were the main sources of Cu. The discharges of industrial and domestic sewage wastewater were the main anthropogenic factors affecting the entry of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Fengnian Zhou
- Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Yangtze River Estuary, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Bao Li
- Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Yangtze River Estuary, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
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Zhang M, Chen G, Luo Z, Sun X, Xu J. Spatial distribution, source identification, and risk assessment of heavy metals in seawater and sediments from Meishan Bay, Zhejiang coast, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111217. [PMID: 32510368 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the spatial distribution, potential sources, and ecological risks of 8 heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in Meishan Bay, Zhejiang coast, China. Surface water (n = 31), bottom water (n = 31), and surface sediments (n = 31) were collected. Water physicochemical properties and sediment resuspension were important factors affecting spatial distributions of heavy metals. The spatial distributions of Cr, Ni, Pb, As, Cu, and Zn were consistent with the clay distribution. Atmospheric deposition was the main source of Cd and Pb, mainly from industrial and transportation exhausts, while Zn was mainly from ship transportation. Agriculture pesticides and sewage wastewater were considered as the main sources for Hg. The geo-accumulation index results indicated that there was limited pollution of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and As, and mild to moderate pollution of Cd and Hg. The potential ecological risk assessment suggested a high ecological risk of Hg in Meishan Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China; Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Agricultural Products Quality and Security, Ministry of Agriculture, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Zongtao Luo
- Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Agricultural Products Quality and Security, Ministry of Agriculture, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Xian Sun
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China.
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Gogoi A, Taki K, Kumar M. Seasonal dynamics of metal phase distributions in the perennial tropical (Brahmaputra) river: Environmental fate and transport perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109265. [PMID: 32311910 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation of the seasonal dynamics of metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) phase distribution and speciation, along with different hydrogeochemical facies, was conducted along the entire stretch of a perennial tropical (Brahmaputra) River. Water samples were collected from twelve locations during the monsoon, post-monsoon and pre-monsoon seasons. A characteristic trend in bioavailability was observed in the sequence of Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd, reflecting non-significant seasonal changes in dissolved and particulate phase metal fractions at all twelvelocations. Partition (or distribution) coefficients (Kds) for Cu (5.30-6.50), Zn (4.47-6.44), Pb (3.69-4.97) and Cr (3.25-5.15), reflect the influences of anionic inorganic constitutents (aqua ion complexes), environmental variables, and river hydrology. MINTEQA2 calculations showed that metal forms complexes with other inorganic ions such as Cl-, SO42-, HCO3- and strong binding as organic complexes (for Cu and Pb) reduces their leaching potential to groundwater system. High log Kd values (≥5.3) and significant spatial variations at locations R3 to R8 of Pb, Cu, and Zn during pre-monsoon period may be explained by the formation of complexes with organic ligands in sewage and domestic wastes (humic and fulvic acids). Multivariate statistical analysis revealed multi-metal co-contamination, mainly of Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb and dissolved nutrients, loading in different clusters, emphasizing the importance of climatic, anthropogenic, terrigenous and lithological sources as controlling factors for seasonal metal dynamics in the river water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Gogoi
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India
| | - Kaling Taki
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Shrestha S, Gunawardana SK, Piman T, Babel MS. Assessment of the impact of climate change and mining activities on streamflow and selected metal's loading in the Chindwin River, Myanmar. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 181:108942. [PMID: 31796258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rapid expansion in mining activities is deteriorating the water quality in the Chindwin River of Myanmar. In addition, climate change may also aggravate this situation in future. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a connection between hydrology, mining area, heavy metal loading, and climate change in the Chindwin River. The hydrology of the upper Chindwin basin was modelled using SHETRAN hydrological model. Geochemical model PHREEQC was utilised to conduct speciation and saturation indexes modelling along the river in order to quantify the precipitated minerals along the river. Thereafter a regression relationship along with LOADEST model was used to quantify the heavy metal loads. Future climate was projected using four RCM's namely ACCESS1-CSIRO-CCAM, CCSM4-CSIRO-CCAM, CNRM-CM5-CSIRO-CCAM and MPI-ESM-LR-CSIRO-CCAM. Future discharges at water quality monitoring stations were simulated using the averaged ensembles. Finally, the heavy metal loading under future climate scenarios were analysed. Results indicate that climate change is likely to reduce future discharges by 3.4%-36.5% in all stations except in the Mokekalae station which shows 1.3%-9.4% increase in the near future discharges. Also, the projected metal loading under future climate conditions shows a decreasing pattern which is similar to the projected discharge pattern. In both baseline and future climate conditions, the area between stations Naung Po Aung and Uru downstream show the highest load effluent for both arsenic and mercury while the area between stations Uru downstream and Mokekalae show the highest load of iron effluent. Although future heavy metal loadings are expected to decrease, mining activities should be carefully monitored, since they discharge a large amount of toxic heavy metal loadings into the Chindwin River which is also expected to suffer a decrease streamflow in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangam Shrestha
- Water Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Shakthi K Gunawardana
- Water Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Thanapon Piman
- Water Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Stockholm Environment Institute, Asia Centre, Chulalongkorn Soi 64, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 1033, Thailand
| | - Mukand S Babel
- Water Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
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9
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Pal D, Maiti SK. An approach to counter sediment toxicity by immobilization of heavy metals using waste fish scale derived biosorbent. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 187:109833. [PMID: 31654862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of fish scale-derived biosorbent for immobilization of cadmium and lead in polluted sediment was thoroughly investigated in this study. Fish scale (FS) biomass was chemically and physically treated. The FS biomass treated with acid (0.1 M HCl), alkali (0.1 M NaOH) and hydrothermally, showed minimum removal capacity. While, FS treated hydrothermally along with acid showed the maximum removal efficiency of metal ions. We used different dosages (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of FS biosorbent in the sediment. Isotherm modelling showed that this biosorbent can hold 89.30 and 92.65 mg/g of Cd and Pb on its surface. This indicated that prepared FS biosorbent has enough potential to adsorb Cd and Pb ions on its surface from the sediment. Compared to the control, sediment treated with 20% FS showed the highest immobilization capacities for Pb (92.9%), and Cd (87.9%). The values of partition coefficient (Kd) increased by 83% for Pb and 78% for Cd, which specified that availability of free ions of Pb and Cd in the aquatic system was successfully decreased. The sediment treated with 20% FS biosorbent showed 70-80% immobilization of Cd and Pb from mobile and exchangeable fractions that ultimately decreased the bioavailability of metal ions to the biota. Inclusively, compared to control, sediment served with 20% FS biosorbent showed higher level of Pb and Cd ions in residual fraction near by 80%. The prepared FS biosorbent had shown its potential in immobilizing the Cd and Pb ions from sediment as a cheap and ecologically feasible method for amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Pal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India, 826004.
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India, 826004
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Kumar M, Goswami R, Awasthi N, Das R. Provenance and fate of trace and rare earth elements in the sediment-aquifers systems of Majuli River Island, India. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124477. [PMID: 31394438 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work we present a completely new dataset of Rare Earth Element (REE) distribution and fractionation in the groundwater and sediments of the world's largest populated river island-Majuli, located in the Brahmaputra River, India. Groundwater (n = 9) and borehole sediments (n = 23) of different depths were collected randomly and analyzed for REEs using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to determine interrelationships among different REEs. Both water and sediments exhibit a higher content of light rare earth elements (LREEs) than heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), implying that source rock composition primarily controls the REE signatures of these river sediments, largely owing to variations in levels of chlorite and monazite, which are more abundant in bottom river sediments of the Brahmaputra. However, lower LREE/HREE ratios in groundwater samples (8.42-14.48) compared to sediments (8.9-52.6) suggest less dissolved phase mobilization of LREE during weathering and transport. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed more consistent clustering in sediment compared to water and clear demarcations of MREE, HREE and LREE were observed in the sediments. The primitive mantle-normalized REE patterns of borehole sediments were similar to the upper continental crust (UCC) and the compositions of average Himalayan rocks. LREE enrichment compared to HREE suggest dominance of a felsic source. However, a La/V versus Th/Yb plot suggests a small contribution from the mafic source component. The sediments show high Th/Sc (>1 of UCC) and high Zr/Sc. A Eu/Eu* verses GdN/YbN plot suggests that the dominant source with Upper crustal composition has undergone multiple recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, 382355, India.
| | - Ritusmita Goswami
- Department of Environmental Science, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Neeraj Awasthi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208 016, India
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Khanal R, Furumai H, Nakajima F, Yoshimura C. Impact of holding time on toxicity change of urban road dust during runoff process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:1267-1276. [PMID: 31018466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During runoff process, the urban road dust (URD) passes through the road-side gutters and detention tanks, where it gets hold for a certain period of time, hours to weeks, before making its way into the water bodies. A part of the water-exchangeable toxicants are leached by the water, and some strongly bound toxicants remain attached to the URD. Toxicity of urban runoff is dependent on holding time, water volume, and the type and composition of the wet road dust (WeRD) and leachate. However, there are no studies that have elucidated the manner in which toxicities of the WeRD and leachate vary during prolonged holding in the runoff processes. The main objectives of this research were to, i) identify the distribution of toxicants in the WeRD and leachate, and ii) evaluate the change in toxicity during prolonged holding. The URD samples that were collected from residential road, arterial road and highways in Tokyo, Japan, were mixed with moderately hard water in varying ratios (1:2 to 1:16) and were held for a certain time (1h to 5days) before centrifuging into the WeRD and leachate. Toxicity test was conducted with ostracod Heterocypris incongruens direct contact test. Toxicity of both the WeRD and leachate from residential area was not significantly greater than the 20% lethal limit. Toxicity of the WeRD from other stations initially decreased, further reached a minimum corresponding to the critical holding time, and it subsequently increased again. Toxicity of the arterial leachate gradually increased, whereas that of the highway leachate gradually decreased during 5days holding. Unionized ammonia and zinc were confirmed as one of the possible toxicants. This study proposes and verifies a model for the toxicity change of the WeRD during prolonged holding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Khanal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan; Research Center for Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Furumai
- Research Center for Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Nakajima
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yoshimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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12
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Yu J, Chen Q, Zhang J, Zhong J, Fan C, Hu L, Shi W, Yu W, Zhang Y. In situ simulation of thin-layer dredging effects on sediment metal release across the sediment-water interface. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 658:501-509. [PMID: 30579207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dredging is widely applied to remediate contaminated sediments in aquatic ecosystems. However, the efficiency of thin-layer dredging for metal pollution control remains uncertain and even controversial. This study conducted an in-situ simulation experiment in Lake Taihu to investigate dredging effects on sediment metal release based on metal fractions, diffusion flux and kinetics parameters of metal resupply, using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT), multi-microelectrode, and European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction scheme. Results indicated that the exchange fluxes of metals did not necessarily correspond to total sediment metal concentrations or the contents of different sequentially-extracted metal fractions; there were appreciable decreases in Ni, Cd, Cu and Zn in terms of total sediment metal concentrations and metal fractions, whereas the bioavailability and release fluxes of labile Ni, Cu and Zn (but not Cd) were all notably promoted (by 136, 128 and 149%, respectively) in dredged area compared to those in un-dredged sediments. Further analysis on the kinetics of metal resupply by DGT technique and DGT-induced fluxes in sediments model (DIFS) showed higher concentrations of labile metals, with a larger resupply ability from sediments after dredging. Therefore, thin-layer dredging had the possibility to increase metal release from sediments to the water column. This was attributed to the remobilization of metal sulfides in anoxic deep sediments, as oxidation increased after dredging due to the introduction of oxygenated water, causing subsequent dissolution of sulfide-bound metals. In conclusion, dredging may not mitigate metal contamination, although it can reduce the total pollution load. Our findings indicated dual effects of dredging and provided new insights into the remobilization mechanism of metal release induced by dredging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liuming Hu
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Shim J, Kumar M, Mukherjee S, Goswami R. Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO 2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 234:8-20. [PMID: 30599330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. Therefore, the obtained results clearly validate the feasibility of CABs-MO as a potential promising adsorbent for removing metal contaminants from the wastewater. Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehong Shim
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-752, South Korea
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Ritusmita Goswami
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
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Pal D, Maiti SK. Heavy metal speciation, leaching and toxicity status of a tropical rain-fed river Damodar, India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:2303-2324. [PMID: 29582263 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Speciations of metals were assessed in a tropical rain-fed river, flowing through the highly economically important part of the India. The pattern of distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were evaluated in water and sediment along with mineralogical characterization, changes with different water quality parameters and their respective health hazard to the local population along the Damodar River basin during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The outcome of the speciation analysis using MINTEQ indicated that free metal ions, carbonate, chloride and sulfate ions were predominantly in anionic inorganic fractions, while in cationic inorganic fractions metal loads were negligible. Metals loads were higher in sediment phase than in the aqueous phase. The estimated values of Igeo in river sediment during both the seasons showed that most of the metals were found in the Igeo class 0-1 which represents unpolluted to moderately polluted sediment status. The result of partition coefficient indicated the strong retention capability of Cr, Pb, Co and Mn, while Cd, Zn, Cu and Ni have resilient mobility capacity. The mineralogical analysis of sediment samples indicated that in Damodar River, quartz, kaolinite and calcite minerals were dominantly present. The hazard index values of Cd, Co and Cr were > 1 in river water, which suggested potential health risk for the children. A combination of pragmatic, computational and statistical relationship between ionic species and fractions of metals represented a strong persuasion for identifying the alikeness among the different sites of the river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Pal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
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15
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Li F, Jinxu Y, Shao L, Zhang G, Wang J, Jin Z. Delineating the origin of Pb and Cd in the urban dust through elemental and stable isotopic ratio: A study from Hangzhou City, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:674-683. [PMID: 30098563 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Urban dust (UD) is one of the main sinks of heavy metals in urban environments; however, the sources of these heavy metals are quite difficult to identify. A total of 78 UD samples were collected bi-monthly from October 2012 to August 2013, including 13 sites from three functional areas (residential areas, city parks, and main roads) and the Botanic Garden as a control district. The metal ratios and lead isotopic ratios combined with correlation analysis were used to identify the sources of Pb and Cd in the UD samples. In the scatter plot of Cd/Mn vs Pb/Mn, the dust samples could be classified into four groups showing their different sources and characteristics. Lead isotopic composition analysis indicated that coal combustion was the main source of Pb for residential dusts, while automobile exhaust emission for road dusts. Correlation analysis revealed that the abraded paints was a main contribution of Cd in UD, especially those in city parks. The research provides a useful method of combining multiple approaches to identify sources of metal elements in UD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feili Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yifei Jinxu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Luze Shao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Gaoxiang Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zanfang Jin
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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16
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Borah R, Taki K, Gogoi A, Das P, Kumar M. Contemporary distribution and impending mobility of arsenic, copper and zinc in a tropical (Brahmaputra) river bed sediments, Assam, India. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:769-776. [PMID: 29957585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study develops a correlationship among different phases of metal for developing an understanding of metal distribution and speciation, which is seldom reported in many studies. Also, the study examines the effect of sediment texture, pH, CEC, organic content and conductivity to understand the metal distribution. Bed sediment (n = 8) samples were collected from Brahmaputra river by grab sampling method to understand the spatial distribution and speciation of Cu, As and Zn. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis strongly indicated the presence of arsenopyrite in Dhansirimukh site (BRS-5) sample as a dominating As containing mineral. It was found that distribution of As was relatively higher in downstream side due to increase in clay content of the sediment. Partition coefficient (kd) indicated higher mobility of Zn and Cu in comparison to As. The presence of organic matter and clay resulted in high metal content due to high CEC values, which is because of negative charge on clay and organic matter. The negative charge in clay and organic matter is due to isomorphous substitution and dissociation of organic acids, respectively. High clay content leads to Cu enrichment at BRS-4, while sandy nature of sediment at BRS-8 and absence highly active mineral leads to low Zn content. Sediment properties like organic matter and grain size were the main controlling parameters for metal concentration and its potential mobility as indicated by correlation and factor analysis. Factor analysis further revealed three probable processes governing metal enrichment and distribution viz. (i) Textural driven (ii) Metal solubility at sediment-water interface and (iii) Carbonate weathering. The study demonstrates that the textural assemblage governs metal mobility in the river sediments. Study developed a conceptual diagram for probable geochemical processes explaining the specific observations in this study, which is essential for environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinkumoni Borah
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam 784028, Assam, India
| | - Kaling Taki
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anindita Gogoi
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam 784028, Assam, India
| | - Pallavi Das
- Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak 484887, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India.
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17
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Deka BJ, Jeong S, Alizadeh Tabatabai SA, An AK. Mitigation of algal organic matter released from Chaetoceros affinis and Hymenomonas by in situ generated ferrate. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 206:718-726. [PMID: 29787973 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the application of in situ ferrate (Fe(VI)) for the efficient removal of dissolved algal organic matter (AOM) from seawater. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ferric (Fe(III)) were used to produce in situ Fe(VI) by wet chemical oxidation. First, the removal efficiencies of two model AOM compounds, humic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (SA), were evaluated in the presence of sodium chloride with an initial influent dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration of 5.0 mg C L-1 at different pH levels to establish the optimal doses for in situ Fe(VI) generation. The concentration of Fe(VI) was determined by the 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry method. In the case of HA, 72% DOC removal was recorded when applied with 1.5 mg L-1 of Fe(III) and 1.5 mg L-1 of NaOCl (in situ Fe(VI) concentration of 1.46 mg L-1) while 42% DOC removal was observed for SA. Subsequently, the removal of AOM extracted from two bloom-forming algal species, Chaetoceros affinis (CA) and Hymenomonas (Hym), cultivated in seawater from the Red Sea, were tested with in situ generated Fe(VI) at the established optimum condition. In situ Fe(VI) recorded superior performance in removing AOM extracted from CA and Hym, showing 83% and 92% DOC removal when the influent DOC concentrations were 2.48 and 2.63 mg L-1, respectively. A detailed AOM characterization was conducted using liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Jyoti Deka
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| | - S Assiyeh Alizadeh Tabatabai
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alicia Kyoungjin An
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhao J, Chu G, Pan B, Zhou Y, Wu M, Liu Y, Duan W, Lang D, Zhao Q, Xing B. Homo-Conjugation of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids Competes with Their Complexation with Cu(II). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5173-5181. [PMID: 29664618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) controls the bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals in aquatic environments. The observation of decreased conditional binding constants with increasing DOM concentration is not well documented, which may result in significant uncertainties in heavy metal behavior modeling and risk assessment. We used eight low molecular weight organic acids (LMOC) with representative structures to simulate DOM molecules. The interactions between LMOC molecules resulted in the decreased Cu(II)-LMOC binding with increasing LMOC concentrations, but higher pH values than theoretical calculation after mixing LMOC solutions of different pHs. We thus proposed homoconjugation between LMOC molecules through negative charge-assisted H-bond ((-)CAHB). A mathematic model was developed to describe Cu(II)-LMOC complexation ( KC) and LMOC homoconjugation ( KLHL). The increased competition of LMOC homoconjugation over Cu(II)-LMOC complexation, as suggested by the increased ratios of KLHL/ KC, resulted in the apparently decreased Cu(II)-LMOC binding with the increased LMOC concentration. Similar concentration-dependent binding was also observed for DOM. With the identified homoconjugation between DOM molecules, some of the literature data with concentration-dependent behavior may be re-evaluated. This is the first work that quantitatively identified homoconjugation among organic molecules. Both the modeling concepts and results provide useful information in investigating the environmental roles of DOM in mediating metal bioavailability and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Gang Chu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Yuwei Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Wenyan Duan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Di Lang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering , Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Institute of Applied Ecology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
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