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Lin X, Lin L, Chang S, Xing Y, Zhang Y, Yang C. Insights into pollution characteristics and human health risks of plasticizer phthalate esters in shellfish species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172984. [PMID: 38710392 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitous application of phthalate esters (PAEs) as plasticizers contributes to high levels of marine pollution, yet the contamination patterns of PAEs in various shellfish species remain unknown. The objective of this research is to provide the first information on the pollution characteristics of 16 PAEs in different shellfish species from the Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China, and associated health risks. Among the 16 analyzed PAEs, 13 were identified in the shellfish, with total PAE concentrations ranging from 23.07 to 3794.08 ng/g dw (mean = 514.35 ng/g dw). The PAE pollution levels in the five shellfish species were as follows: Ostreidae (mean = 1064.12 ng/g dw) > Mytilus edulis (mean = 509.88 ng/g dw) > Babylonia areolate (mean = 458.14 ng/g dw) > Mactra chinensis (mean = 378.90 ng/g dw) > Haliotis diversicolor (mean = 335.28 ng/g dw). Dimethyl phthalate (DMP, mean = 69.85 ng/g dw), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP, mean = 41.39 ng/g dw), dibutyl phthalate (DBP, mean = 130.91 ng/g dw), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP, mean = 226.23 ng/g dw) were the most abundant congeners. Notably, DEHP constituted the most predominant fraction (43.98 %) of the 13 PAEs detected in all shellfish from the PRD. Principal component analysis indicated that industrial and domestic emissions served as main sources for the PAE pollution in shellfish from the PRD. It was estimated that the daily intake of PAEs via shellfish consumption among adults and children ranged from 0.004 to 1.27 μg/kgbw/day, without obvious non-cancer risks (< 0.034), but the cancer risks raised some alarm (2.0 × 10-9-1.4 × 10-5). These findings highlight the necessity of focusing on marine environmental pollutants and emphasize the importance of ongoing monitoring of PAE contamination in seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Luanxun Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Shuaidan Chang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Yiqing Xing
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Yanhao Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Chunxue Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China.
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Burcham LE, Hoskins TD, Allmon EB, Scherer MN, Bushong AG, Hamilton MT, Macheri S, Coogan GS, Choi YJ, Lee LS, Sepúlveda MS. Does salinity mediate the toxicity of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in an estuarine fish? MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116446. [PMID: 38703627 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is detected in estuarine environments, where salinity levels fluctuate regularly. We investigated the effects of salinity on the toxicity of PFOS in embryos and larvae of Cyprinodon variegatus. We crossed six PFOS treatments (0, 1-10,000 μg/L) with two salinities (10, 30 ppt). Larvae exposed to the highest concentration of PFOS under high salinity accumulated over twice the amount of PFOS compared to larvae maintained under low salinity. Embryonic survival was unaffected by PFOS, salinity, or their interaction. PFOS delayed time to hatch and increased salinity reduced time to hatch regardless of PFOS treatment; however, no salinity by PFOS interactions were observed. Conversely, PFOS and salinity interacted in the larval stage, with decreased survival at 30 ppt salinity. This is one of the first studies evaluating interactive effects of PFOS and high salinity and highlights the importance of assessing PFAS toxicity across life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy E Burcham
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tyler D Hoskins
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Allmon
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Meredith N Scherer
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Anna G Bushong
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Matthew T Hamilton
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sini Macheri
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Grace S Coogan
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Youn J Choi
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Linda S Lee
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Sustainability Research Center and PhD in Conservation Medicine, Life Sciences Faculty, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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Chen Z, Li X, Gao J, Liu Y, Zhang N, Guo Y, Wang Z, Dong Z. Effects of salinity on behavior and reproductive toxicity of BPA in adult marine medaka. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:142103. [PMID: 38653400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Salinity is an important environmental factor influencing the toxicity of chemicals. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disruptor with adverse effects on aquatic organisms, such as fish. However, the influence of salinity on the biotoxicity of BPA and the underlying mechanism are unclear. In this study, we exposed marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) to BPA at different salinities (0 psμ, 15 psμ, and 30 psμ) for 70days to investigate the toxic effects. At 0 psμ salinity, BPA had an inhibitory effect on the swimming behavior of female medaka. At 15 psμ salinity, exposure to BPA resulted in necrotic cells in the ovaries but not on the spermatozoa. In addition, BPA exposure changed the transcript levels of genes related to the nervous system (gap43, elavl3, gfap, mbpa, and α-tubulin) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis (fshr, lhr, star, arα, cyp11a, cyp17a1, cyp19a, and erα); the expression changes differed among salinity levels. These results suggest that salinity influences the adverse effects of BPA on the nervous system and reproductive system of medaka. These results emphasize the importance of considering the impact of environmental factors when carrying out ecological risk assessment of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuchun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xueyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Jiahao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yusong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhongduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhongdian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Chung KW, Key PB, Tanabe P, DeLorenzo ME. Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Toxicity in Larval Estuarine Organisms. TOXICS 2024; 12:267. [PMID: 38668490 PMCID: PMC11053673 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent contaminant that has been found globally within the environment. Key data gaps exist in the toxicity of PFOS to marine organisms, especially estuarine species that are crucial to the food web: fish, shrimp, and mollusks. This study developed toxicity thresholds for larval estuarine species, including grass shrimp (Palaemon pugio), sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus), mysids (Americamysis bahia), and Eastern mud snails (Tritia obsoleta). Multiple abiotic stressors (salinity and temperature) were included as variables in testing the toxicity of PFOS. Acute 96 h toxicity testing under standard test conditions of 25 °C and 20 ppt seawater yielded LC50 values of 0.919 mg/L for C. variegatus, 1.375 mg/L for A. bahia, 1.559 mg/L for T. obsoleta, and 2.011 mg/L for P. pugio. The effects of increased temperature (32 °C) and decreased salinity (10 ppt) varied with test species. PFOS toxicity for the sheepshead minnows increased with temperature but was not altered by decreased salinity. For grass shrimp and mud snails, PFOS toxicity was greater under lower salinity. The combination of higher temperature and lower salinity was observed to lower the toxicity thresholds for all species. These data demonstrate that expanding toxicity testing to include a wider range of parameters will improve the environmental risk assessment of chemical contaminants, especially for species inhabiting dynamic estuarine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy W. Chung
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; (P.B.K.); (P.T.); (M.E.D.)
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Li N, Zhang Q, Dai S, Rao W, Shi H, Ding L, Hong M. Angiotensin-(1-7) plays an important role in regulating spermatogenesis in Trachemys scripta elegans under salinity stress. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246742. [PMID: 38149682 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Elevation in water salinity can threaten the spermatogenesis and fertility of freshwater animals. The role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in regulating spermatogenesis has attracted considerable attention. Our previous study found that red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans), could survive in 10 PSU water for over 1 year. To understand the chronic impact of salinity on testicular spermatogenesis and underlying mechanisms, male T. s. elegans were subjected to treatment with water of 5 PSU and 10 PSU for a year, and spermatogenesis and regulation of the RAS signal pathway was assessed. Results showed induced inflammation in the testes of T. s. elegans in the 10 PSU group, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of testicular germ cells from 1586 to 943. Compared with the control group, the levels of proinflammatory genes, including TNF-α, IL-12A and IL-6 were elevated 3.1, 0.3, and 1.4 times, respectively, in animals exposed to 10 PSU water. Testicular antiapoptotic processes of T. s. elegans might involve the vasoactive peptide angiotensin-(1-7) in the RAS, as its level was significantly increased from 220.2 ng ml-1 in controls to 419.2 ng ml-1 in the 10 PSU group. As expected, specific inhibitor (A-779) for the Ang-(1-7) acceptor effectively prevented the salinity-induced upregulation of genes encoding anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic factors (TGF-β1, Bcl-6) in the testis of the 10 PSU animals, whereas it promoted the upregulation of proinflammatory and proapoptotic factors (TNF-α, IL-12A, IL-6, Bax and caspase-3). Our data indicated that Ang-(1-7) attenuates the effect of salinity on inflammation and apoptosis of the testis in T. s. elegans. A new perspective to prevent salinity-induced testis dysfunction is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Qiongyu Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Shiyu Dai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Wenzhuo Rao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Li Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Meiling Hong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
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Thacharodi A, Hassan S, Hegde TA, Thacharodi DD, Brindhadevi K, Pugazhendhi A. Water a major source of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: An overview on the occurrence, implications on human health and bioremediation strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116097. [PMID: 37182827 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are toxic compounds that occur naturally or are the output of anthropogenic activities that negatively impact both humans and wildlife. A number of diseases are associated with these disruptors, including reproductive disorders, cardiovascular disorders, kidney disease, neurological disorders, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Due to their integral role in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, packaging companies, agro-industries, pesticides, and plasticizers, the scientific awareness on natural and artificial EDCs are increasing. As these xenobiotic compounds tend to bioaccumulate in body tissues and may also persist longer in the environment, the concentrations of these organic compounds may increase far from their original point of concentrations. Water remains as the major sources of how humans and animals are exposed to EDCs. However, these toxic compounds cannot be completely biodegraded nor bioremediated from the aqueous medium with conventional treatment strategies thereby requiring much more efficient strategies to combat EDC contamination. Recently, genetically engineered microorganism, genome editing, and the knowledge of protein and metabolic engineering has revolutionized the field of bioremediation thereby helping to breakdown EDCs effectively. This review shed lights on understanding the importance of aquatic mediums as a source of EDCs exposure. Furthermore, the review sheds light on the consequences of these EDCs on human health as well as highlights the importance of different remediation and bioremediation approaches. Particular attention is paid to the recent trends and perspectives in order to attain sustainable approaches to the bioremediation of EDCs. Additionally, rigorous restrictions to preclude the discharge of estrogenic chemicals into the environment should be followed in efforts to combat EDC pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Thacharodi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Thacharodi's Laboratories, Department of Research and Development, Puducherry, 605005, India
| | - Saqib Hassan
- Future Leaders Mentoring Fellow, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, 20036, USA; Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Thanushree A Hegde
- Civil Engineering Department, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Karnataka, 574110, India
| | - Dhanya Dilip Thacharodi
- Thacharodi's Laboratories, Department of Research and Development, Puducherry, 605005, India
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Sousa M, Rodrigues S, Pretti C, Meucci V, Battaglia F, Freitas R, Antunes SC. A forecast effects of climate change and anthropogenic compounds in Gambusia holbrooki: ecotoxicological effects of salinity and metformin. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 258:106494. [PMID: 36948067 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to global warming and extreme weather events, estuarine and coastal ecosystems are facing sudden fluctuations in salinity. These ecosystems are also threatened by organic and inorganic compounds that increase water pollution. Metformin is an antidiabetic drug commonly used by patients with type-2 diabetes, and an increase in environmental concentration has been recorded. To better understand the impacts of these two stressors on aquatic organisms, this study assessed: 1) the acute (96 h) ecotoxicological effects (antioxidant and biotransformation capacity, oxidative damage, energetic reserves, and protein content, neurotoxicity) induced by a range of metformin concentrations in Gambusia holbrooki under different salinities (17, 24, 31 expressed as Practical Salinity Units - PSU); and 2) the same endpoints after chronic exposure (28 d) under a range of metformin concentrations at a salinity of 17. The results obtained from the acute exposure showed interactions between salinity and metformin in G. holbrooki superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, body protein, and glycogen (GLY) contents. The results revealed that an increase in salinity can modulate the response of G. holbrooki to metformin. Chronically exposed organisms showed that metformin led to a significant decrease in SOD activity at most of the tested concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 10 µg/L). In addition, glutathione S-transferases increased and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased significantly at concentrations of metformin of 5 and 10 at the µg/L, respectively. Therefore, overall, metformin can lead to potential oxidative stress in G. holbrooki the highest metformin concentrations tested and the GLY content in G. holbrooki increased after exposure to metformin concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 μg/L. Published studies have already shown that metformin alone can lead to oxidative damage in aquatic species, endangering the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, additional ecotoxicological studies should be performed to characterize if other metformin concentrations combined with salinity, or other climate change-related factors, might impact non-target species. Standard toxicity bioassays may not be predictive of actual pollutants (e.g. metformin) toxicity under variable environmental conditions, and the investigation of a wider range of exposure conditions could improve the accuracy of chemical risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sousa
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões | Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (PI), 56122, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology of Leghorn "G. Bacci", Livorno 57128, Italy
| | - Valentina Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (PI), 56122, Italy
| | - Federica Battaglia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (PI), 56122, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos dos Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sara C Antunes
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões | Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
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Horie Y, Takahashi C. Development of an in vivo acute bioassay using the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:725. [PMID: 34651255 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma is a suitable model organism for in vivo acute toxicity bioassay in seawater, we first determined whether there were differences in the concentrations of chemicals that were toxic to marine medaka (O. melastigma) and freshwater medaka (O. latipes). We performed in vivo acute toxicity bioassay with 3-chloroaniline, triclosan, 3,4-dichloroaniline, fenitrothion, and pyriproxyfen on larvae of both species. Although the concentrations of 3-chloroaniline and fenitrothion that were lethal to the larvae were identical for both species, the toxic concentrations of triclosan, 3,4-dichloroaniline, and pyriproxyfen were lower for O. melastigma than for O. latipes. We then used an in vivo acute toxicity bioassay to monitor the quality of coastal seawater in Akita, Japan. No lethal effects were observed in the harbor and canal in 2019. O. melastigma could be used to monitor the quality of seawater with salinities in the range 2-25. Our findings suggest that O. melastigma can be used as the test fish for in vivo acute toxicity bioassay intended for water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Horie
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Kaidobata-Nishi, Nakano Shimoshinjo, Akita, 010-0195, Japan.
- Research Center for Inland Sea (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukae Minami Kobe, Hyogo, 658-0022, Higashinada, Japan.
| | - Chiho Takahashi
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Kaidobata-Nishi, Nakano Shimoshinjo, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
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Transcriptome Profiling Reveals a Divergent Adaptive Response to Hyper- and Hypo-Salinity in the Yellow Drum, Nibea albiflora. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082201. [PMID: 34438658 PMCID: PMC8388402 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Global warming and certain climate disasters (typhoon, tsunami, etc.) can lead to fluctuation in seawater salinity that causes salinity stress in fish. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional genes and relevant pathways in response to salinity stress in the yellow drum. Genes and pathways related to signal transduction, osmoregulation, and metabolism may be involved in the adaptive regulation to salinity in the yellow drum. Additionally, the genes under salinity stress were mainly divided into three expression trends. Our results provided novel insights into further study of the salinity adaptability of euryhaline fishes. Abstract The yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) is an important marine economic fish that is widely distributed in the coastal waters of the Northwest Pacific. In order to understand the molecular regulatory mechanism of the yellow drum under salinity stress, in the present study, transcriptome analysis was performed under gradients with six salinities (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 psu). Compared to 25 psu, 907, 1109, 1309, 18, and 243 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained under 10, 15, 20, 30, and 35 psu salinities, respectively. The differential gene expression was further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results of the tendency analysis showed that all DEGs of the yellow drum under salinity fluctuation were mainly divided into three expression trends. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway as well as the glutathione metabolism and steroid biosynthesis pathways may be the key pathways for the salinity adaptive regulation mechanism of the yellow drum. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the solute carrier family (SLC), the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 (TRPV6), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1), and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C-B (ALDOCB) may be the key genes in the response of the yellow drum to salinity stress. This study explored the transcriptional patterns of the yellow drum under salinity stress and provided fundamental information for the study of salinity adaptability in this species.
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Pinheiro JPS, Windsor FM, Wilson RW, Tyler CR. Global variation in freshwater physico-chemistry and its influence on chemical toxicity in aquatic wildlife. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:1528-1546. [PMID: 33942490 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical pollution is one of the major threats to global freshwater biodiversity and will be exacerbated through changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, acid-base chemistry, and reduced freshwater availability due to climate change. In this review we show how physico-chemical features of natural fresh waters, including pH, temperature, oxygen, carbon dioxide, divalent cations, anions, carbonate alkalinity, salinity and dissolved organic matter, can affect the environmental risk to aquatic wildlife of pollutant chemicals. We evidence how these features of freshwater physico-chemistry directly and/or indirectly affect the solubility, speciation, bioavailability and uptake of chemicals [including via alterations in the trans-epithelial electric potential (TEP) across the gills or skin] as well as the internal physiology/biochemistry of the organisms, and hence ultimately toxicity. We also show how toxicity can vary with species and ontogeny. We use a new database of global freshwater chemistry (GLORICH) to demonstrate the huge variability (often >1000-fold) for these physico-chemical variables in natural fresh waters, and hence their importance to ecotoxicology. We emphasise that a better understanding of chemical toxicity and more accurate environmental risk assessment requires greater consideration of the natural water physico-chemistry in which the organisms we seek to protect live.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo S Pinheiro
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Matão Street, 14 Lane, Number 101, Room 220, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Fredric M Windsor
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, Tyne and Wear, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Rod W Wilson
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, U.K
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11
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Valero Y, López-Cánovas AE, Rodenas MC, Cabas I, García-Hernández P, Arizcun M, García-Ayala A, Chaves-Pozo E. Endocrine disrupter chemicals affect the humoral antimicrobial activities of gilthead seabream males even upon the cease of the exposure. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7966. [PMID: 32409650 PMCID: PMC7224181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
17α-ethynilestradiol (EE2) and tamoxifen (Tmx) are pollutants world-wide distributed in aquatic environments. Gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L., is highlighted as a species model of intensively culture in anthropogenic disturbed environments. The effects of these pollutants on gilthead seabream reproduction and some immune responses have been described but, the humoral innate antimicrobial activities have never received attention. In this work we analysed the latest in the plasma of gilthead seabream males of different ages and reproductive stages treated with 0, 2.5, 5 or 50 μg EE2 or 100 μg Tmx g-1 food during different times of exposure and of reverting to commercial diet (recovery). The peroxidase and protease activities decreased as the spermatogenesis of the first reproductive cycle (RC) proceeded in control fish. However, only protease and antiprotease activities showed different level at different stages of the second RC in control fish, but showed scarce disruption in fish treated with EE2 or Tmx. Peroxidase and bactericide activities are more sensitive to EE2, than to Tmx. The effects induced by EE2 varied depending on the activity analyzed, the dose and the time of exposure and the reproductive stage and the age of the specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulema Valero
- Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - Amanda E López-Cánovas
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Carmen Rodenas
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Cabas
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Hernández
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfonsa García-Ayala
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain.
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12
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Rutherford R, Lister A, Bosker T, Blewett T, Gillio Meina E, Chehade I, Kanagasabesan T, MacLatchy D. Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) are less sensitive to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE 2) than other common model teleosts: A comparative review of reproductive effects. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 289:113378. [PMID: 31899193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The environmental estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) will depress or completely inhibit egg production in many common model teleosts at low concentrations (≤0.5 ng/L; Runnalls et al., 2015). This inhibition is not seen in the estuarine killifish, or mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), even when exposed to 100 ng/L EE2. This relative insensitivity to EE2 exposure indicates species-specific mechanisms for compensating for exogenous estrogenic exposure. This review compares various reproductive responses elicited by EE2 in mummichog to other common model teleosts, such as zebrafish (Danio rerio) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), identifying key endpoints where mummichog differ from other studied fish. For example, EE2 accumulates primarily in the liver/gall bladder of mummichog, which is different than zebrafish and fathead minnow in which accumulation is predominantly in the carcass. Despite causing species-specific differences in fecundity, EE2 has been shown to consistently induce hepatic vitellogenin in males and cause feminization/sex reversal during gonadal differentiation in larval mummichog, similar to other species. In addition, while gonadal steroidogenesis and plasma steroid levels respond to exogenous EE2, it is generally at higher concentrations than observed in other species. In mummichog, production of 17β-estradiol (E2) by full grown ovarian follicles remains high; unlike other teleost models where E2 synthesis decreases as 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-prenen-3-on levels increase to induce oocyte maturation. New evidence in mummichog indicates some dissimilarity in gonadal steroidogenic gene expression responses compared to gene expression responses in zebrafish and fathead minnow exposed to EE2. The role of ovarian physiology continues to warrant investigation regarding the tolerance of mummichog to exogenous EE2 exposure. Here we present a comprehensive review, highlighting key biological differences in response to EE2 exposure between mummichog and other commonly used model teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rutherford
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Andrea Lister
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Leiden University College/Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501 EE, The Hague, the Netherlands.
| | - Tamzin Blewett
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, 116 St & 85 Ave, T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | | | - Ibrahim Chehade
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Deborah MacLatchy
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
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13
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Rutherford RJ, Lister AL, MacLatchy DL. Physiological effects of 5α-dihydrotestosterone in male mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) are dose and time dependent. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 217:105327. [PMID: 31703940 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous anthropogenic sources, such as pulp mill and sewage treatment effluents, contain androgenic endocrine disrupting compounds that alter the reproductive status of aquatic organisms. The current study injected adult male mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) with 0 (control), 1 pg/g, 1 ng/g or 1 μg/g body weight of the model androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with the intent to induce a period of plasma sex hormone depression, a previously-observed effect of DHT in fish. A suite of gonadal steroidogenic genes were assessed during sex hormone depression and recovery. Fish were sampled 6, 12, 16, 18, 24, 30 and 36 h post-injection, and sections of testis tissue were either snap frozen immediately or incubated for 24 h at 18 °C to determine in vitro gonadal hormone production and then frozen. Plasma testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) were depressed beginning 24 h post-injection. At 36 h post-injection plasma T remained depressed while plasma 11KT had recovered. In snap frozen tissue there was a correlation between plasma sex hormone depression and downregulation of key steroidogenic genes including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star), cytochrome P450 17a1 (cyp17a1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βhsd), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βhsd) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17βhsd). Similar to previous studies, 3βhsd was the first and most responsive gene during DHT exposure. Gene responses from in vitro tissue were more variable and included the upregulation of 3βhsd, 11βhsd and star during the period of hormone depression. The differential expression of steroidogenic genes from the in vitro testes compared to the snap frozen tissues may be due to the lack of regulators from the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis present in whole-animal systems. Due to these findings it is recommended to use snap frozen tissue, not post-incubation tissue from in vitro analysis, for gonadal steroidogenic gene expression to more accurately reflect in vivo responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Rutherford
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Andrea L Lister
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Deborah L MacLatchy
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
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14
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Jasperse L, Levin M, Rogers K, Perkins C, Bosker T, Griffitt RJ, Sepúlveda M, De Guise S. Hypoxia and reduced salinity exacerbate the effects of oil exposure on sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) reproduction. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 212:175-185. [PMID: 31129413 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries of the northern Gulf of Mexico are dynamic environments, with fluctuations in salinity and dissolved oxygen, including areas of seasonal hypoxia. Fish that reside and reproduce in these estuaries, including sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus; SHM), were at significant risk of oil exposure following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. It is poorly understood how differences in environmental conditions during oil exposure impact its toxicity. The present study investigated the effects of crude oil high-energy water accommodated fraction (HEWAF) on SHM reproduction in three environmental scenarios (normoxic, hypoxic, and hypoxic with low salinity) to determine if differences in salinity (brackish vs low salinity) and dissolved oxygen (normoxia vs hypoxia) could exacerbate the effects of HEWAF-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We observed that HEWAF exposure significantly increased liver somatic index of SHM compared to control, but this effect was not exacerbated by hypoxia or low salinity. HEWAF exposure also significantly decreased egg production and egg fertilization rate, but only in the hypoxic and hypoxic with low salinity scenarios. A significant correlation existed between body burdens of PAHs and reproductive endpoints, providing substantial evidence that oil exposure reduced reproductive capacity in SHM, across a range of environmental conditions. These data suggest that oil spill risk assessments that fail to consider other environmental stressors (i.e. hypoxia and salinity) may be underestimating risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Jasperse
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Milton Levin
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Kara Rogers
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Christopher Perkins
- Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Leiden University College/Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J Griffitt
- Department of Coastal Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
| | - Marisol Sepúlveda
- Purdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sylvain De Guise
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Connecticut Sea Grant College Program, Groton, CT, USA
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15
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Pagé-Larivière F, Crump D, O'Brien JM. Transcriptomic points-of-departure from short-term exposure studies are protective of chronic effects for fish exposed to estrogenic chemicals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114634. [PMID: 31226361 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resource limitations often require risk assessors to extrapolate chronic toxicity from acute tests using assessment factors. Transcriptomic dose-response analysis following short-term exposures may provide a more reliable and biologically-based alternative for estimating chronic toxicity. Here, we demonstrate that transcriptomic dose-response analysis in fish following short-term exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) provides estimates of chronic toxicity that may be used as protective points-of-departure (POD) for risk assessment. The benchmark dose (BMD) method was used on publicly available datasets (n = 5) to determine transcriptomic PODs in fish exposed to three EDCs (bisphenol A, ethinylestradiol, and diethylstilbestrol). To test for potential bias related to data processing, our analysis compared the effect of different normalization, filtering, and BMD-grouping methods on the transcriptomic PODs. The resulting PODs were then compared to the empirically-derived chronic LOEC of each substance. Normalization and filtering methods had limited impact on the final PODs. However, we found that PODs derived from ontology- or pathway-based gene grouping methods were highly variable, whereas PODs from grouping methods that focused on the most responsive genes were more stable and provided POD estimates that were most similar to the chronic LOEC. Overall, 72% of transcriptomic PODs were within 1 order of magnitude of the chronic LOEC, regardless of data analysis method. When our recommended analysis approach was applied, the concordance improved to 100%. These results suggest that toxicogenomic dose-response analysis has the potential to be a protective decision-support tool for compounds with chronic toxicity, such as EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doug Crump
- National Wildlife Research Center, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- National Wildlife Research Center, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Lettieri G, Maione M, Ranauda MA, Mele E, Piscopo M. Molecular effects on spermatozoa of Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to hyposaline conditions. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:650-660. [PMID: 30938011 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Salinity represents a critical environmental and an ecological factor in the reproduction of marine species. As global climate changes and anthropogenic factors affect salinity, in this study, we have analyzed the responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis spermatozoa to hyposaline stress. We exposed mussels, in laboratory tanks, for 24 hr at 18°C to control (35.9 psu) and three hyposaline (17.1, 22.6, and 26.2 psu) conditions, and evaluated the expression of sperm hsp70 and protamine-like proteins genes. Further we analyzed the electrophoretic pattern, the DNA binding and the release from sperm nuclei of protamine-like proteins. For all experimental approaches used, the results obtained at 17.1 psu condition were very similar to those obtained in the control condition, while alterations were always recorded at 22.6 and 26.2 psu conditions. Particularly, at 22.6 and 26.2 psu, was observed: 42.5- and 17.1-fold increase in hsp70 expression, respectively, and hypoexpression of PL-II/PLIV protamine-like proteins genes. Further, electrophoretic mobility shift assays and salt-induced release of nuclear proteins from sperm nuclei, revealed alterations in the PL proteins/DNA binding, in these two hyposaline conditions. The similarity between the results obtained in control and in the more severe hyposaline condition (17.1 psu) could indicate a phenomenon of fertility preservation strategy due to gamete plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Lettieri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studki di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Martina Maione
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studki di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Elena Mele
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studki di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studki di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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17
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Fluorescence-Based Detection of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene, and Cumene (BTEXC) Compounds in Fuel-Contaminated Snow Environments. CHEMOSENSORS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors7010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the sensitive and selective cyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence detection of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and cumene (BTEXC) fuel components in contaminated snow samples collected from several locations in the state of Rhode Island. This detection method uses cyclodextrin as a supramolecular scaffold to promote analyte-specific, proximity-induced fluorescence modulation of a high-quantum-yield fluorophore, which leads to unique fluorescence responses for each cyclodextrin-analyte-fluorophore combination investigated and enables unique pattern identifiers for each analyte using linear discriminant analysis (LDA). This detection method operates with high levels of sensitivity (sub-micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation between structurally similar compounds, such as ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene isomers), and broad applicability (for different snow samples with varying chemical composition, pH, and electrical conductivity). The high selectivity, sensitivity, and broad applicability of this method indicate significant potential in the development of practical detection devices for aromatic toxicants in complex environments.
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19
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Hu Y, Bai C, Cai J, Shao K, Tang X, Gao G. Low recovery of bacterial community after an extreme salinization-desalinization cycle. BMC Microbiol 2018; 18:195. [PMID: 30470189 PMCID: PMC6251166 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the recovery of bacterial communities after extreme environmental disturbances offers key opportunities to investigate ecosystem resilience. However, it is not yet clear whether bacterial communities can rebound to their pre-disturbance levels. To shed light on this issue, we tracked the responses of bacterial communities during an extreme salinization-desalinization cycle. Results Our results showed that salinization-up process induced an ecological succession, shifting from a community dominated by Betaproteobacteria to Gammaproteobacteria. Within the desalinization-down process, taxon-specific recovery trajectories varied profoundly, with only Gammaproteobacteria returning to their initial levels, of which Alphaproteobacteria was the most prominent member. The α-diversity indices gradually increased at oligosaline environment (0.03‰ to 3‰) and subsequently decreased profoundly at hypersaline condition (10‰ to 90‰). However, the indices did not return to pre-disturbance level along the previous trajectory observed during the desalinization. Approximately half of the original OTUs were not detected during desalinization, suggesting that the seed bank may be damaged by the hypersaline environment. Moreover, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) implied that the osmosensors’ capacity of bacterial communities was also impaired by the hypersaline condition. Conclusions These results suggested that the bacterial communities showed a low recovery after the extreme salinization-desalinization cycle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1333-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Chengrong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Keqiang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiangming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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20
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Rutherford R, Lister A, MacLatchy D. Comparison of steroidogenic gene expression in mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) testis tissue following exposure to aromatizable or non-aromatizable androgens. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 227:39-49. [PMID: 30218714 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Androgens are a recognized class of endocrine disrupting compounds with the ability to impact reproductive status in aquatic organisms. The current study utilized in vitro exposure of mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) testis tissue to either the aromatizable androgen 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) or the non-aromatizable androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) over the course of 24 h to determine if there were differential effects on steroidogenic gene expression. Testis tissue was exposed to androgen concentrations of 10-12 M, 10-9 M and 10-6 M for 6, 12, 18 or 24 h, after which a suite of steroidogenic genes, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βhsd) and cytochrome P450 17A1 (cyp17a1), were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Both androgens affected steroidogenic gene expression, with most alterations occurring at the 24-hour time point. The gene with the highest fold-change, and shortest interval to expression alteration, was 3βhsd for both androgens. Potential differences between the two model androgens were observed in increased expression of cyp17a1 and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βhsd), which were only altered after exposure to DHT and in expression levels of cytochrome P450 11A1 (cyp11a1), which was upregulated by MT but not altered by DHT. Results from this study show both androgens interact at the gonadal level of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and may possess some distinct gene expression impacts. These data strengthen the current research initiatives of establishing in vitro test systems that allow toxic potential of untested chemicals to be predicted from molecular perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rutherford
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Andrea Lister
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Deborah MacLatchy
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
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21
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Hasenbein S, Poynton H, Connon RE. Contaminant exposure effects in a changing climate: how multiple stressors can multiply exposure effects in the amphipod Hyalella azteca. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:845-859. [PMID: 29464532 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change (GCC) is likely to intensify the synergistic effects between altered physicochemical parameters [of changing habitats] and other anthropogenic threats, such as water pollution, posing increased risks to aquatic biodiversity. As such, it is critical to understand how organisms will respond to changes in water temperature and salinity in the presence of contaminants. We exposed the epibenthic amphipod Hyalella azteca to a 3 × 3 factorial treatment design of three temperatures and three salinities ranging from 12 to 18 °C and 0 to 8 parts per thousand (ppt), respectively, in combination with a low-level environmentally relevant concentration of the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin (1 ng/L). Effects on survival and swimming behavior were evaluated after 96 h exposure. Transcription of a select suite of genes was monitored at 24, 48, and 96 h using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Our results not only demonstrate that the changes in salinity and temperature result in negative effects to invertebrate survival, behavior, and gene response, but that the effects were significantly more pronounced in the presence of bifenthrin. This is particularly important since greater thermal fluctuations, changes in timing and extent of glacial melt, and changes in precipitation, could result in H. azteca experiencing lower temperatures at times that coincide with increased spraying of pyrethroids. These environmentally relevant exposures using the standard test species H. azteca provide essential information for understanding effects caused by GCC in conjunction with increasing pesticide use, further highlighting the need to incorporate GCC impacts into risk assessments of contaminants of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hasenbein
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
| | - Helen Poynton
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard E Connon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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22
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Niu S, Zhang C. Endocrine Disrupting Compounds from the Source Water of the Huai River (Huainan City), China. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:471-483. [PMID: 28889278 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and environmental risk of eight endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), namely dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), nonyl phenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and estrone (E1), from four water sources (Pingshantou, Wanfenggang, Shisi, and Shiyi) of Huai River (Huainan section) were investigated in this study. Except for DMP only found in Pingshantou, all of the selected EDCs existed widely in the source water. DMP, DEP, BBP, DBP, NP, BPA, EE2, and E1 had the ranges of nd (cannot be detected)-130 ng/L, 25-310, 76-1351, 431-1299, 215-627, 23-107, nd-0.174, and 0.143-0.334 ng/L, respectively. Therefore, the studied water sources were associated with notable levels of EDCs, wherein the concentrations of BBP, DBP, and NP were much higher than the other five chemicals. The selected EDCs appeared to be higher in upstream than in downstream (p < 0.05) for each water source, suggesting that EDCs were subjected to a decreasing with water flow. Correlation analysis suggests that DEP-BP-DBP, NP-BPA, and EE2-E1 might have the same sources, respectively; and the source of NP, EE2, and E1 was different from that of BBP, BEP and BBP, and DEP, respectively. It was observed that both the TAS (total ambient severity) and RQ (risk quotient) were less than 1, indicating that EDCs in Huai River (Huainan section) posed little or no thread to the health of local inhabitants and ecological environmental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Niu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunliang Zhang
- Environmental Monitoring Central Station of Shandong Province, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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DiScenza DJ, Lynch J, Miller J, Verderame M, Levine M. Detection of Organochlorine Pesticides in Contaminated Marine Environments via Cyclodextrin-Promoted Fluorescence Modulation. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8591-8599. [PMID: 30023587 PMCID: PMC6044669 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of practical and robust detection methods for pesticides is an important research objective owing to the known toxicity, carcinogenicity, and environmental persistence of these compounds. Pesticides have been found in bodies of water that are located near areas where pesticides are commonly used and easily spread to beaches, lakes, and rivers; affect the species living in those waterways; and harm humans who come into contact with or eat fish from such water. Reported herein is the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of four organochlorine pesticides in a variety of water sources across the state of Rhode Island using cyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence detection. This method relies on the ability of cyclodextrin to promote analyte-specific fluorescence modulation of a high quantum yield fluorophore when a pesticide is in close proximity, combined with subsequent array-based statistical analyses of the measurable changes in the emission signals. This system operates with high sensitivity (low micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation between structurally similar analytes), and general applicability (for different water samples with varying salinity and pH as well as for different water temperatures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Julie Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Jasmine Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Molly Verderame
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Rhode Island, 140
Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode
Island 02881, United
States
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