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Song Z, Zhang L, Tian C, Li K, Chen P, Jia Z, Hu P, Cui S. Chemical characteristics, distribution patterns, and source apportionment of particulate elements and inorganic ions in snowpack in Harbin, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140886. [PMID: 38065265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Snowpack, which serves as a natural archive of atmospheric deposition of multiple pollutants, is a practical environmental media that can be used for assessing atmospheric records and input of the pollutants to the surface environments and ecosystems. A total of 29 snowpack samples were collected at 20 sampling sites covering three different functional areas of a major city (Harbin) in Northeast China. Two samples at the "snow layer" and one or two samples at the "particulate layer" were collected at each sampling site in the industrial areas characterized by multi-layer snowpack, and only one sample at the "snow layer" was collected at each sampling site in the cultural and recreational as well as agricultural areas. The snow contents of 31 elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Y, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Pb) and six major water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, NO2-, NO3-, and SO42-) were analyzed. The total mass of the measured elements is dominated (95.8%-99.2%) by crustal elements. Heavy metals only account for 0.77%-4.07% of the total mass of the elements, but are occasionally close to or even above the standard limit in the "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water" of China (GB3838-2002). SO42- and Ca2+ are the main anion and cation, accounting for 34.9%-81.1% and 1.43%-29.9%, respectively, of the measured total ions. Total atmospheric deposition of crustal elements and heavy metals is dominated by wet deposition in areas near the petrochemical plant and by dry deposition in areas near the cement plant. Coal combustion, industrial emissions, and traffic-related activities lead to the enrichment of heavy metals in the snowpacks of urban and suburban areas, while coal combustion and biomass burning contribute to pollution in rural areas. The cities and regions situated in the western, northwestern, northern, and northeastern directions from Harbin are potential source regions of these pollutant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Song
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Leiming Zhang
- Air Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Chongguo Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Kunyang Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Zhaoyang Jia
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Song Cui
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Research Center for Eco-Environment Protection of Songhua River Basin, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
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Rahman Z, Thomas L, Chetri SPK, Bodhankar S, Kumar V, Naidu R. A comprehensive review on chromium (Cr) contamination and Cr(VI)-resistant extremophiles in diverse extreme environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:59163-59193. [PMID: 37046169 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) compounds are usually toxins and exist abundantly in two different forms, Cr(VI) and Cr(III), in nature. Their contamination in any environment is a major problem. Many extreme environments including cold climate, warm climate, acidic environment, basic/alkaline environment, hypersaline environment, radiation, drought, high pressure, and anaerobic conditions have accumulated elevated Cr contamination. These harsh physicochemical conditions associated with Cr(VI) contamination damage biological systems in various ways. However, several unique microorganisms belonging to phylogenetically distant taxa (bacteria, fungi, and microalgae) owing to different and very distinct physiological characteristics can withstand extremities of Cr(VI) in different physicochemical environments. These challenging situations offer great potential and extended proficiencies in extremophiles for environmental and biotechnological applications. On these issues, the present review draws attention to Cr(VI) contamination from diverse extreme environmental regions. The study gives a detailed account on the ecology and biogeography of Cr(VI)-resistant microorganisms in inhospitable environments, and their use for detoxifying Cr(VI) and other applications. The study also focuses on physiological, multi-omics, and genetic engineering approaches of Cr(VI)-resistant extremophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Siva P K Chetri
- Department of Botany, Dimoria College, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Shrey Bodhankar
- Department of Agriculture Microbiology, School of Agriculture Sciences, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Mu Z, Niu X, George C, Wang X, Huang R, Ma Y, Pu W, Qi Y, Fu P, Deng J, Ma C, Hu N, Li X, Wang X. Accumulation of dissolved organic matter in the transition from fresh to aged seasonal snow in an industrial city in NE China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159337. [PMID: 36228802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a significant role in the reduction of snow albedo and the acceleration of snowmelt, but its accumulation in snow remains poorly understood. This study investigated the accumulation of DOM in seasonal snow including its accumulation rate, molecular characteristics, and biological and chemical processing. Sixteen snow samples of both fresh and aged snow were collected at one-day interval in Changchun, a typical industrial city in NE China. The snow DOM contents increased linearly with accumulation time at a rate of 30.3 μg L-1 d-1. The optical properties, including fluorescence intensity and optical absorption coefficient, of snowmelt increased exponentially with time owing to the rapid accumulation of terrestrial humic-like fluorophores through snow-soil exchange and deposition of soil-derived substances. Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry highlighted the properties of DOM at a molecular level, indicating that compounds derived from underlying soil and vascular plants make the largest contribution to DOM. Microbe-derived compounds contribute 35.5 % to the DOM pool. Degrees of saturation and oxidation increase slightly after accumulation, with the impacts of photo- and bio-chemistry on DOM molecules being non-negligible. This study provides a new perspective concerning the accumulation and fate of organic contaminants in snow ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Mu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoying Niu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Christian George
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Xinke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, United States
| | - Rujin Huang
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuling Ma
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Pu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yulin Qi
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Pingqing Fu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junjun Deng
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Moskovchenko DV, Pozhitkov RY, Minkina TM, Sushkova SN. Trace Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Snow Cover of the City of Nizhnevartovsk (Western Siberia, Russia). ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 84:101-118. [PMID: 36580131 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00974-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The city of Nizhnevartovsk is one of the centers of oil production in Western Siberia (Russia). A survey of the contents of trace metals and metalloids (TMMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the snow cover was conducted there. It was aimed to study insoluble particles in the snow where the predominant fraction of pollutants in urban areas is concentrated. In contrast to the background area, the deposition of TMMs in Nizhnevartovsk increases by 1-2 orders of magnitude. The deposition of V and Mn increases by 37 and 88 times, respectively, and the deposition of W increases at most (by 98 times). Abrasion of spikes of winter tires, abrasion of metal parts of vehicles, and combustion of motor fuels cause the pollution with W, Co, and V, respectively. The total content of 12 EPA PAHs in the particulate fraction of snow in the urban area averaged 148.2 ng l-1, and the deposition rate was 17.0 μg/m2. In contrast to the background area, the fraction of high molecular weight 5-6-ring PAHs significantly increases in the city, especially dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DahA). The indicative ratios of PAHs showed that the snowpack composition was influenced by both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. The proportion of pyrogenic sources is the highest in the low-rise residential area due to fuel combustion to produce heat and burning of household waste. The impact of motor transport is also major and is manifested in the maximum pollution in areas of heavy traffic. No emissions of PAHs from oil spills from the nearby Samotlor oil field have been identified. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon pollution of the atmosphere from the field weakens during the winter period compared to the warm season. Application of the integral TDF index characterizes the majority (72%) of the studied samples as lowly polluted, 24% of the observation sites are classified as moderately polluted, and one (4%), as highly polluted. The maximum TDF values are observed in the industrial area. The data obtained during the study allowed us to identify the central areas and sites along the roads with the heaviest traffic as the most contaminated areas of the city. This study can be a reference for air pollution monitoring in Nizhnevartovsk.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Moskovchenko
- Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo St., Tyumen, Russia, 625003.
- Tyumen Scientific Centre, Malygina St., Tyumen, Russia, 625026.
| | - R Y Pozhitkov
- Tyumen Scientific Centre, Malygina St., Tyumen, Russia, 625026
| | - T M Minkina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - S N Sushkova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
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Liu X, Li Y, Ma K, Yang L, Li M, Li C, Wang R, Wang N, Deng L, He MY, Huang H. Spatial distribution and potential sources of arsenic and water-soluble ions in the snow at Ili River Valley, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133845. [PMID: 35151704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements and water-soluble ions in snow can be used as indicators to reveal natural and anthropogenic emissions. To understand the chemical composition, characteristics of snow and their potential sources in the Ili River Valley (IRV), snow samples were collected from 17 sites in the IRV from December 2018 to March 2019. Inverse distance weighting, enrichment factor (EF) analysis, and backward trajectory modelling were applied to evaluate the spatial distributions and sources of water-soluble ions and dissolved arsenic (As) in snow. The results indicate that Ca2+ and SO42- were the dominant ions, and the concentrations of As ranged from 0.09 to 0.503 μg L-1. High concentrations of As were distributed in the northwest and middle of the IRV, and the concentrations of the major ions were high in the west of the IRV. The strong correlation of As with F-, SO42-, and NO2- demonstrates that As mainly originated from coal-burning and agricultural activities. Principal component analysis showed that the ions originated from a combination of anthropogenic and crustal sources. The EFs showed that K+, SO42-, and Mg2+ were mainly influenced by human activities. Backward trajectory cluster analysis suggested that the chemical composition of snow was affected by soil dust transport from the western air mass, the unique terrain, and local anthropogenic activities. These results provide important scientific insights for atmospheric environmental management and agricultural production within the IRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Yangzi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Keke Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Molei Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Changxiang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Ninglian Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Li Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Mao-Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Huayu Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
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