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Liu J, Sun P, Chen Y, Guo J, Liu L, Zhao X, Xin J, Liu X. The regulation pathways of biochar and microorganism in soil-plant system by multiple statistical methods: The forms of carbon participation in coastal wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142918. [PMID: 39043273 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands possess significant carbon storage capabilities. However, in coastal soil-plant systems augmented with biochar and microorganisms, the mechanisms of these amendments and carbon participation remain unclear. This study utilized pot experiments to explore how Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affect soil organic carbon (SOC), carbon-related microbes, photosynthetic and osmotic system of Suaeda salsa. The results showed biochar reduced exchangeable sodium percentage by 6.9% through adsorption and ion exchange, and increased SOC content by 34.4%. The abundance of carbon-related microorganisms (Bacteroidota and Chloroflexi) was increased and carbon metabolizing enzyme (cellulase and sucrase) activity in the soil was enhanced. AMF significantly improved plant growth compared with CK, as evidenced by the enhanced dry weight by 2.34 times. A partial least squares pathway model (PLS-PM) and correlation analysis suggested that the combined effect of biochar and AMF could be outlined as two pathways: soil and plant. Biochar increased SOC, improved the growth of soil carbon metabolizing microorganisms, and further promoted the activity of carbon-related enzymes. Additionally, AMF facilitated nutrient absorption by plants through root symbiosis, with biochar further enhancing this process by acting as a nutrient adsorber. These combined effects of biochar and AMF at soil and plant level enhanced the photosynthetic process of Suaeda salsa. The transport of photosynthetic products to the roots can increase the carbon storage in the soil. This study provides quantitative evidence supporting the increase of carbon storage in coastal wetland soil-plant systems through a combined application of biochar and AMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space (Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute), Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Youyuan Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Jiameng Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Lecheng Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jia Xin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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Liu G, Gu Z, Liu X, Li B. Microenvironment heterogeneity affected by anthropogenic wildfire-perturbed soil mediates bacterial community in Pinus tabulaeformis forests. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1415726. [PMID: 39044951 PMCID: PMC11263190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1415726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent years, the frequency and intensity of anthropogenic wildfires have drastically increased, significantly altering terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. These fires not only devastate vegetative cover but also impact soil environments and microbial communities, affecting ecosystem structure and function. The extent to which fire severity, soil depth, and their interaction influence these effects remains unclear, particularly in Pinus tabulaeformis forests. Methods This study investigated the impact of wildfire intensity and soil stratification on soil physicochemical properties and microbial diversity within P. tabulaeformis forests in North China. Soil samples were collected from different fire severity zones (Control, Light, Moderate, High) and depths (topsoil: 0-10 cm; subsoil: 10-20 cm). Analyses included measurements of soil pH, organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and other nutrients. Microbial diversity was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Our findings revealed significant variations in soil pH, SOC, TN, and other nutrients with fire severity and soil depth, profoundly affecting microbial community composition and diversity. Soil pH emerged as a critical determinant, closely linked to microbial α-diversity and community structure. We found that fire severity significantly altered soil pH (p = 0.001), pointing to noteworthy changes in acidity linked to varying severity levels. Topsoil microbial communities primarily differentiated between burned and unburned conditions, whereas subsoil layers showed more pronounced effects of fire severity on microbial structures. Analysis of bacterial phyla across different fire severity levels and soil depths revealed significant shifts in microbial communities. Proteobacteria consistently dominated across all conditions, indicating strong resilience, while Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota showed increased abundances in high-severity and light/moderate-severity areas, respectively. Verrucomicrobiota were more prevalent in control samples and decreased significantly in fire-impacted soils. Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota displayed increased abundance in moderate and high-severity areas, respectively. Correlation analyses illustrated significant relationships between soil environmental factors and dominant bacterial phyla. Soil organic carbon (SOC) showed positive correlations with total nitrogen (TN) and alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen (AN). Soil pH exhibited a negative correlation with multiple soil environmental factors. Soil pH and available phosphorus (AP) significantly influenced the abundance of the phylum Myxococcota. Soil water content (WC) significantly affected the abundances of Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota. Additionally, ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3 --N) jointly and significantly impacted the abundance of the phylum Chloroflexi. Discussion This study highlights the significant long-term effects of anthropogenic wildfires on soil microenvironment heterogeneity and bacterial community structure in P. tabulaeformis forests in North China, 6 years post-fire. Our findings demonstrate that fire severity significantly influences soil pH, which in turn affects soil nutrient dynamics and enhances microbial diversity. We observed notable shifts in the abundance of dominant bacterial phyla, emphasizing the critical role of soil pH and nutrient availability in shaping microbial communities. The results underscore the importance of soil stratification, as different soil layers showed varying responses to fire severity, highlighting the need for tailored management strategies. Future research should focus on long-term monitoring to further elucidate the temporal dynamics of soil microbial recovery and nutrient cycling following wildfires. Studies investigating the roles of specific microbial taxa in ecosystem resilience and their functional contributions under varying fire regimes will provide deeper insights. Additionally, exploring soil amendments and management practices aimed at optimizing pH and nutrient availability could enhance post-fire recovery processes, supporting sustainable ecosystem recovery and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhong Liu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Gu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyi Li
- Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Tang S, Gong J, Song B, Cao W, Li J. Remediation of biochar-supported effective microorganisms and microplastics on multiple forms of heavy metals in eutrophic lake. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133098. [PMID: 38064949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In mineral-rich areas, eutrophic lakes are at risk of HMs pollution. However, few papers focused on the repair of HMs in eutrophic environment. Our study analyzed multiple forms of HMs, pore structure and microbial responses in the water-sediment system of eutrophic lake treated with biochar, Effective Microorganisms (EMs) or/and microplastics (MPs). As biochar provided an ideal carrier for EMs, the remediation of biochar-supported EMs (BE) achieved the greatest repairment that improved the bacterial indexes and greatly decreased the most HMs in various forms across the water-sediment system, and it also reduced metal mobility, bioavailability and ecological risk. The addition of aged MPs (MP) stimulated the microbial activity and significantly reduced the HMs levels in different forms due to the adsorption of biofilms/EPS adhered on MPs, but it increased metals mobility and ecological risks. The strong adsorption and high mobility of aged MPs would increase enrichment of HMs and cause serious ecological hazards. The incorporation of BE and MP (MBE) also greatly reduced the HMs in full forms, which was primarily ascribed to the adsorption of superfluous biofilms/EPS, but it distinctly depressed the microbial activity. The single addition of biochar and EMs resulted in the inability of HMs to be adsorbed due to the preferentially adsorption of dissolved nutrients and the absence of effective carrier, respectively. In the remediation cases, the remarkable removal of HMs was principally accomplished by the adsorption of HMs with molecular weight below 100 kDa, especially 3 kDa ∼100 kDa, which had higher specific surfaces and abundant active matters, resulting in higher adsorption onto biofilms/EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Jilai Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, PR China.
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Weicheng Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
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Zhang X, Gu L, Gui D, Xu B, Li R, Chen X, Sha Z, Pan X. Suitable biochar application practices simultaneously alleviate N 2O and NH 3 emissions from arable soils: A meta-analysis study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117750. [PMID: 38029822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilization profoundly improves crop agronomic yield but triggers reactive N (Nr) loss into the environment. Nitrous (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions are the main Nr species that affect climate change and eco-environmental health. Biochar is considered a promising soil amendment, and its efficacy on individual Nr gas emission reduction has been widely reported. However, the interactions and trade-offs between these two Nr species after biochar addition have not been comprehensively analysed. The influencing factors, such as biochar characteristics, environmental conditions, and management measures, remain uncertain. Therefore, 35 publications (145 paired observations) were selected for a meta-analysis to explore the simultaneous mitigation potential of biochar on N2O and NH3 emissions after its application on arable soil. The results showed that biochar application significantly reduced N2O emission by 7.09% while having no significant effect on NH3 volatilisation. Using biochar with a low pH, moderate BET, or pyrolyzed under moderate temperatures could jointly mitigate N2O and NH3 emissions. Additionally, applying biochar to soils with moderate soil organic carbon, high soil total nitrogen, or low cation exchange capacity showed similar responses. The machine-learning model suggested that biochar pH is a dominating moderator of its efficacy in mitigating N2O and NH3 emissions simultaneously. The findings of this study have major implications for biochar application management and aid the further realisation of the multifunctionality of biochar application in agriculture, which could boost agronomic production while lowering environmental costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayan Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Water-Soil-Crop System in Seasonal Arid Region, Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lipeng Gu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Dongyang Gui
- Yunnan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Water-Soil-Crop System in Seasonal Arid Region, Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Yunnan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Water-Soil-Crop System in Seasonal Arid Region, Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Rui Li
- Yunnan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Water-Soil-Crop System in Seasonal Arid Region, Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Water-Soil-Crop System in Seasonal Arid Region, Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhipeng Sha
- Yunnan Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Water-Soil-Crop System in Seasonal Arid Region, Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
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Tiong YW, Sharma P, Xu S, Bu J, An S, Foo JBL, Wee BK, Wang Y, Lee JTE, Zhang J, He Y, Tong YW. Enhancing sustainable crop cultivation: The impact of renewable soil amendments and digestate fertilizer on crop growth and nutrient composition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123132. [PMID: 38081377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing digestate as a fertilizer enhances soil nutrient content, improves fertility, and minimizes nutrient runoff, mitigating water pollution risks. This alternative approach replaces commercial fertilizers, thereby reducing their environmental impact and lowering greenhouse gas emissions associated with fertilizer production and landfilling. Herein, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of various soil amendments, including carbon fractions from waste materials (biochar, compost, and cocopeat), and food waste anaerobic digestate application methods on tomato plant growth (Solanum lycopersicum) and soil fertility. The results suggested that incorporating soil amendments (biochar, compost, and cocopeat) into the potting mix alongside digestate application significantly enhances crop yields, with increases ranging from 12.8 to 17.3% compared to treatments without digestate. Moreover, the combination of soil-biochar amendment and digestate application suggested notable improvements in nitrogen levels by 20.3% and phosphorus levels by 14%, surpassing the performance of the those without digestate. Microbial analysis revealed that the soil-biochar amendment significantly enhanced biological nitrification processes, leading to higher nitrogen levels compared to soil-compost and soil-cocopeat amendments, suggesting potential nitrogen availability enhancement within the rhizosphere's ecological system. Chlorophyll content analysis suggested a significant 6.91% increase with biochar and digestate inclusion in the soil, compared to the treatments without digestate. These findings underscore the substantial potential of crop cultivation using soil-biochar amendments in conjunction with organic fertilization through food waste anaerobic digestate, establishing a waste-to-food recycling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wei Tiong
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Pooja Sharma
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Shuai Xu
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Jie Bu
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Soobin An
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jordan Bao Luo Foo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bryan Kangjie Wee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Tian En Lee
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yiliang He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore.
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Wang L, Dou Z, Ma C, Jia X, Wang H, Bao W, Wang L, Qu J, Zhang Y. Remediation of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) contaminated black soil by freeze-thaw aging biochar. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:681-692. [PMID: 37778838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a complex structure with high toxicity, is a common organic pollutant. This study investigated the effects of fresh biochar (FBC), and freeze-thaw cycled aged biochar (FTC-BC) on DEHP-contaminated soils using a pot experiment. The specific surface area of FBC increased from 145.20 to 303.50 m2/g, and oxygen-containing functional groups increased from 1.26 to 1.48 mol/g after freeze-thaw cycles, greatly enhancing the adsorption of DEHP by biochar in the soil. The comprehensive radar chart evaluation showed that FBC and FTC-BC reduced DEHP growth stress and improved the soil properties. Compared with FBC, FTC-BC performed better in protecting the normal growth of pakchoi and improving soil properties. In addition, the application of biochar increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the DEHP-contaminated soil and changed the composition of the soil bacterial community. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) showed that adding biochar as a soil remediation agent significantly positively impacted soil nutrients and indirectly reduced the DEHP levels in soil and plants by increasing soil microbial diversity. Compared with FBC, FTC-BC creates a more satisfactory living environment for microorganisms and has a better effect on the degradation of DEHP in the soil. This study provides a theoretical basis for future biochar remediation of DEHP-contaminated soils in cold high-latitude regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zeyu Dou
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chaoran Ma
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenjing Bao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Kubaczyński A, Walkiewicz A, Pytlak A, Grządziel J, Gałązka A, Brzezińska M. Application of nitrogen-rich sunflower husks biochar promotes methane oxidation and increases abundance of Methylobacter in nitrogen-poor soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119324. [PMID: 37857224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The area of sunflower crops is steadily increasing. A beneficial way of managing sunflower waste biomass could be its use as a feedstock for biochar production. Biochar is currently being considered as an additive for improving soil parameters, including the ability to oxidise methane (CH4) - one of the key greenhouse gases (GHG). Despite the high production of sunflower husk, there is still insufficient information on the impact of sunflower husk biochar on the soil environment, especially on the methanotrophy process. To fill this knowledge gap, an experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of addition of sunflower husk biochar (produced at 450-550 °C) at a wide range of doses (1-100 Mg ha-1) to Haplic Luvisol. In the presented study, the CH4 oxidation potential of soil with and without sunflower husk biochar was investigated at 60 and 100% water holding capacity (WHC), and with the addition of 1% CH4 (v/v). The comprehensive study included GHG exchange (CH4 and CO2), physicochemical properties of soil (pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), WHC), and the structure of soil microbial communities. That study showed that even low biochar doses (5 and 10 Mg ha-1) were sufficient to enhance pH, SOC, DOC and NO3--N content. Importantly, sunflower husk biochar was significant source of NO3--N, which soil concentration increased from 9.40 ± 0.09 mg NO3--N kg-1 for the control to even 19.40 ± 0.26 mg NO3--N kg-1 (for 100 Mg ha-1). Significant improvement of WHC (by 11.0-12.4%) was observed after biochar addition at doses of 60 Mg ha-1 and higher. At 60% WHC, application of biochar at a dose of 40 Mg ha-1 brought significant improvements in CH4 oxidation rate, which was 4.89 ± 0.37 mg CH4-C kg-1 d-1. Higher biochar doses were correlated with further improvement of CH4 oxidation rates, which at 100 Mg ha-1 was seventeen-fold higher (8.36 ± 0.84 mg CH4-C kg-1 d-1) than in the biochar-free control (0.48 ± 0.28 mg CH4-C kg-1 d-1). CO2 emissions were not proportional to biochar doses and only grew circa (ca.) twofold from 3.16 to 6.90 mg CO2-C kg-1 d-1 at 100 Mg ha-1. Above 60 Mg ha-1, the diversity of methanotrophic communities increased, with Methylobacter becoming the most abundant genus, which was as high as 7.45%. This is the first, such advanced and multifaceted study of the wide range of sunflower husk biochar doses on Haplic Luvisol. The positive correlation between soil conditions, methanotroph abundance and CH4 oxidation confirmed the multifaceted, positive effect of sunflower husk biochar on Haplic Luvisol. Sunflower husk biochar can be successfully used for Haplic Luvisol supplementation. This additive facilitates soil protection against degradation and has the potential to mitigate GHG emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kubaczyński
- Department of Natural Environment Biogeochemistry, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Walkiewicz
- Department of Natural Environment Biogeochemistry, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Pytlak
- Department of Natural Environment Biogeochemistry, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Grządziel
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute (IUNG-PIB), Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
| | - Anna Gałązka
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute (IUNG-PIB), Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Brzezińska
- Department of Natural Environment Biogeochemistry, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland.
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Tan M. Conversion of agricultural biomass into valuable biochar and their competence on soil fertility enrichment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116596. [PMID: 37423358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Globally several nations generates a large amount of biomass waste. Thus, this review focuses on the potential for converting plant biomass into nutritionally enriched useful biochar with promising properties. The use of biochar on farmland acts as both a soil fertility enhancer, improving both the physical as well as chemical characteristics of soil. The biochar availability in soil can retain minerals and water as well as considerably enhanced the soil fertility by their optimistic characteristics. Thus, this review also discuss about how biochar enhances the quality of agriculture soil and polluted soil. Since, the biochar derived from the plant residues might contain most valuable nutritional properties, which can enhance the physicochemical properties of soil and that can support the growth of plant along with the increased biomolecule content. Since, the healthy plantation can support the production of nutritionally enriched crop yield. Agriculture biochar amalgamated soil significantly improved soil beneficial microbial diversity. Beneficial microbial activity increased soil fertility and balanced the soil's physicochemical properties significantly. Such balanced soil physicochemical properties significantly enhanced plantation growth, as well as disease resistance and higher yield potential than any other fertiliser supplements for soil fertility and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjiao Tan
- Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, China; Visiting Scholar of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Guo R, Qian R, Han F, Khaliq A, Hussain S, Yang L, Zhang P, Chen X, Ren X. Managing straw and nitrogen fertilizer based on nitrate threshold for balancing nitrogen requirement of maize and nitrate residue. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:117084. [PMID: 36565501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optimized straw and nitrogen (N) fertilizer management instrumental in realizing synchronized soil N supply and crop N requirement (Nr), reducing nitrate-N leaching and achieving efficient and cleaner agricultural production systems, especially in the areas with poor soil fertility retention. A three-year field trial during 2019-2021 was conducted in northwest China with different straw incorporation methods (SM) (without straw or biochar (NI), straw incorporation (SI) and straw-derived biochar incorporation (BI)) combined with four N application rates (NR) (0, 225, 300, and 375 kg ha-1). The grain yield, Nr and the critical nitrate threshold in the root zone (0-100 cm soil layer; NAc) after maize harvest were determined to optimize straw and N inputs for maize yield enhancement and nitrate residue control. Then the prediction methods of optimal N rate determined with NAc (TONR) and soil testing were modified for straw or straw-derived biochar incorporated spring maize production in the future. The results showed that grain yield and nitrate residue in the deep soil (100-200 cm soil; NA100-200) after maize harvest increased by N application, grain yield further increased but NA100-200 decreased when combined with SI and BI (P < 0.05). In particular, a significant increase in grain yield, Nr and N recovery efficiency (NRE) under BI was attributed to an increase in soil N supply and N assimilation after the tassel stage (VT) of maize as compared with SI (P < 0.05). The NAc values were determined as 49, 104 and 67 kg ha-1 under NI, SI and BI, respectively for maintaining N supply and preventing leaching into 100-200 cm soil. Compared with the economically optimal N rate (EONR), BI combined with TONR (268 kg N ha-1) reduced the N rate by 22 kg ha-1 per year and NA100-200 by 5.3% and increased NRE by 5.7% to achieve 99.7% maximum yield (14.448 Mg ha-1), which was a sustainable management method of straw and N rate for enhancing spring maize production and controlling soil nitrate leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Qian
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Abdul Khaliq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ling Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Oancea F. Closing the Nutrient Loop-The New Approaches to Recovering Biomass Minerals during the Biorefinery Processes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2096. [PMID: 36767462 PMCID: PMC9915181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of plant mineral nutrients from the bio-based value chains is essential for a sustainable, circular bioeconomy, wherein resources are (re)used sustainably. The widest used approach is to recover plant nutrients on the last stage of biomass utilization processes-e.g., from ash, wastewater, or anaerobic digestate. The best approach is to recover mineral nutrients from the initial stages of biomass biorefinery, especially during biomass pre-treatments. Our paper aims to evaluate the nutrient recovery solutions from a trans-sectorial perspective, including biomass processing and the agricultural use of recovered nutrients. Several solutions integrated with the biomass pre-treatment stage, such as leaching/bioleaching, recovery from pre-treatment neoteric solvents, ionic liquids (ILs), and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) or integrated with hydrothermal treatments are discussed. Reducing mineral contents on silicon, phosphorus, and nitrogen biomass before the core biorefinery processes improves processability and yield and reduces corrosion and fouling effects. The recovered minerals are used as bio-based fertilizers or as silica-based plant biostimulants, with economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florin Oancea
- Department of Bioresources, Bioproducts Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Shaheen SM, Mosa A, Natasha, Arockiam Jeyasundar PGS, Hassan NEE, Yang X, Antoniadis V, Li R, Wang J, Zhang T, Niazi NK, Shahid M, Sharma G, Alessi DS, Vithanage M, Hseu ZY, Sarmah AK, Sarkar B, Zhang Z, Hou D, Gao B, Wang H, Bolan N, Rinklebe J. Pros and Cons of Biochar to Soil Potentially Toxic Element Mobilization and Phytoavailability: Environmental Implications. EARTH SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENT 2023; 7:321-345. [DOI: 10.1007/s41748-022-00336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWhile the potential of biochar (BC) to immobilize potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in contaminated soils has been studied and reviewed, no review has focused on the potential use of BC for enhancing the phytoremediation efficacy of PTE-contaminated soils. Consequently, the overarching purpose in this study is to critically review the effects of BC on the mobilization, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and bioremediation of PTEs in contaminated soils. Potential mechanisms of the interactions between BC and PTEs in soils are also reviewed in detail. We discuss the promises and challenges of various approaches, including potential environmental implications, of BC application to PTE-contaminated soils. The properties of BC (e.g., surface functional groups, mineral content, ionic content, and π-electrons) govern its impact on the (im)mobilization of PTEs, which is complex and highly element-specific. This review demonstrates the contrary effects of BC on PTE mobilization and highlights possible opportunities for using BC as a mobilizing agent for enhancing phytoremediation of PTEs-contaminated soils.
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12
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Li H, Liu Y, Jiao X, Li J, Liu K, Wu T, Zhang Z, Luo D. Response of soil nutrients retention and rice growth to biochar in straw returning paddy fields. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137244. [PMID: 36395890 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Applying straw to agricultural production to improve soil productivity and crop yields is significant. However, the straw-only application is possibly not a practical choice for achieving environmental protection and high yield. This study evaluated the applicability of straw combined with biochar to the paddy field. Two-year pot experiments were conducted to examine the effect of straw combined with different proportions (0, 5, 20, 40 t ha-1) of biochar on soil nitrogen retention, phosphorous availability, rice yield, and physiological parameters. Five treatments were included: control (CK), 7 t ha-1 straw + 0 t ha-1 biochar (ST), 7 t ha-1 straw + 5 t ha-1 biochar (SC1), 7 t ha-1 straw + 20 t ha-1 biochar (SC2), 7 t ha-1 straw + 40 t ha-1 biochar (SC3). The results indicated that the biochar had an encouraging effect on paddy fields with straw returning: (1) SC3 treatment significantly increased ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) content in soils compared to ST, increasing by 30.19% and 42.72%, while SC2 treatment increased by 25.84% and 30.40%, respectively; (2) Regarding soil phosphorus availability, ST treatment showed a negative effect, while proper biochar application rate (20 t ha-1) effectively increased Olsen-P content (18.24%); (3) No significant difference among these treatments was observed in the photosynthetic characteristics. Notably, 20 t ha-1 biochar application (SC2) effectively enhanced rice components (stem, ear) dry biomass, improved rice yield (10.14%), and Harvest index (HI: 4.99%). Hence, the appropriate rate (20 t ha-1) of biochar combined with straw (7 t ha-1) returning is a promising strategy for increasing nitrogen retention and phosphorous availability, alleviating N and P losses and promoting rice growth and yield. These findings are expected to provide a new perspective in that straw-returning with biochar achieves high efficiency, ecological, and sustainable development of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huandi Li
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiyun Jiao
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Kaihua Liu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Tianao Wu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Danhu Luo
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
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13
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David E. Production of Activated Biochar Derived from Residual Biomass for Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:389. [PMID: 36614729 PMCID: PMC9822064 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released in air represent a major potential for environmental pollution. Capture methods based on activated biochar have attracted attention because of their low cost and for the high removal capacity of the material due to its physical and chemical properties. In this paper, activated biochars were developed and their adsorption performance for VOC capture was evaluated. In the first step, biochars derived from rapeseed cake (RSC) and walnut shells (WSC) were obtained through a carbonization process and then were activated using basic/acid agents (KOH/H2SO4) to increase their performance as adsorbents. Acetone and toluene were used as the VOC templates. The adsorption capacities of toluene and acetone for non-activated biochars were reduced (26.65 mg/g), while that of activated biochars increased quite significantly, up to 166.72 mg/g, and the biochars activated with H2SO4 presented a higher adsorption capacity of VOCs than the biochars activated with KOH. The higher adsorption capacity of biochars activated with H2SO4 can be attributed to their large surface area, and also to their larger pore volume. This activated biochar adsorbent could be used with good results to equip air purification filters to capture and remove VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena David
- National Research Institute for Cryogenic & Isotopic Technologies, Street Uzinei no. 4, P.O. Râureni, P.O. Box 7, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
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14
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Sun H, Chen Y, Yi Z. After-Effects of Hydrochar Amendment on Water Spinach Production, N Leaching, and N 2O Emission from a Vegetable Soil under Varying N-Inputs. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3444. [PMID: 36559564 PMCID: PMC9781639 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar use in agriculture brings significant agronomic and environmental co-benefits, which are a function of biochar and crop types and nitrogen (N) rates. We here conducted a soil column experiment to evaluate the after-effects of hydrochar amendment at 0.5 and 2.0 wt% on vegetable production, N recovery and losses via leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from water-spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk)-planted vegetable soil receiving three N inputs (120, 160, and 200 kg/ha). The results showed that hydrochar with 2.0 wt% significantly (p < 0.05) improved the biomass yield of water spinach, receiving 120−160 kg N/ha by 11.6−14.2%, compared with no change in the hydrochar treatment. Hydrochar had no effect on total N content of water spinach, and only increased the total N recovery under 2.0 wt% given hydrochar amended treatment with 120 kg N/ha. Neither pH or EC of leachate was changed with N reduction or hydrochar application. However, in some cases, hydrochar changes the NH4+, NO3− and total N concentrations in leachate. When applied at 2.0 wt%, hydrochar significantly (p < 0.05) increased total N leaching losses by 28.9% and 57.1%, under 120 and 160 kg N/ha plot, respectively. Hydrochar applied at two rates increased the N2O emissions by 109−133% under 200 kg N/ha but decreased them by 46−67% under 160 kg N/ha. Therefore, after three years of application, hydrochar still improves the production of leafy vegetable, but the impacts on N leaching and N2O emission vary, depending on inorganic N and hydrochar application rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhenghua Yi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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15
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Yang Z, She R, Hu L, Yu Y, Yao H. Effects of biochar addition on nitrous oxide emission during soil freeze–thaw cycles. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1033210. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1033210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar applied to soil can reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions produced by freeze–thaw processes. Nonetheless, how biochar modification affects N2O emissions during freeze–thaw cycles is not completely clear. In our research, during freeze–thaw cycles, microcosm experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of maize straw biochar (MB) or rice straw biochar (RB) addition on soil N2O emissions under different water conditions. The N2O emissions peaked at the initial stage of thawing in all the soils, and the total N2O emissions were considerably greater in the flooded soils than in the nonflooded soils. Compared with the soils without biochar addition, RB and MB amendments inhibited N2O emissions by 69 and 67%, respectively. Moreover, after biochar addition, the abundance of AOB amoA genes decreased by 9–13%. Biochar addition significantly decreased the content of microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) in flooded soil during thawing, which was significantly correlated with N2O emissions and nitrification and denitrification communities. The PLS-PM further revealed that biochar can inhibit the production and emission of soil N2O by reducing soil MBN during soil thawing. In addition, soil moisture directly significantly affects N2O emissions and indirectly affects N2O emissions through its influence on soil physicochemical properties. Our results revealed the important function of biochar in decreasing the emission of N2O in flooded soil during freeze–thaw cycles.
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16
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Characterization of Microbial Communities and Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Soilless Growth Media Amended with Different Concentrations of Biochar. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biochar, derived from the pyrolysis of plant materials has the potential to enhance plant growth in soilless media. Howevetar, little is known about the impact of biochar amendments to soilless growth media, microbial community composition, and fate of chemical constituents in the media. In this study, different concentrations of biochar were added to soilless media and microbial composition, and chemical constituents were analyzed using metagenomics and gamma spectroscopy techniques, respectively. Across treatments, carboxyl-C, phenolic-C, and aromatic-C were the main carbon sources that influenced microbial community composition. Flavobacterium (39.7%), was the predominantly bacteria genus, followed by Acidibacter (12.2%), Terrimonas (10.1%), Cytophaga (7.5%), Ferruginibacter (6.0%), Lacunisphaera (5.9%), Cellvibrio (5.8%), Opitutus (4.8%), Mucilaginibacter (4.0%) and Bryobacter (4.0%). Negative relationships were found between Cytophaga and 226Ra (r = −0.84, p = 0.0047), 40K (r = −0.82, p = 0.0069) and 137Cs (r = −0.93, p = 0.0002). Similarly, Mucilaginibacter was negatively correlated with 226Ra (r = −0.83, p = 0.0054) and 137Cs (r = −0.87, p = 0.0021). Overall, the data suggest that high % biochar amended samples have high radioactivity concentration levels. Some microorganisms have less presence in high radioactivity concentration levels.
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Chen Y, Wu Q, Tang Y, Liu Z, Ye L, Chen R, Yuan S. Application of biochar as an innovative soil ameliorant in bioretention system for stormwater treatment: A review of performance and its influencing factors. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:1232-1252. [PMID: 36358058 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging environment functional material, biochar has become a research hotspot in environmental fields because of its excellent ecological and environmental benefits. Recently, biochar has been used as an innovative soil ameliorant in bioretention systems (BRS) to effectively enhance pollutant removal efficiency for BRS. This paper summarizes and evaluates the performance and involved mechanisms of biochar amendment in BRS with respect to the removal of nutrients (TN (34-47.55%) and PO43--P (47-99.8%)), heavy metals (25-100%), pathogenic microorganisms (Escherichia coli (30-98%)), and organic contaminants (77.2-100%). For biochar adsorption, the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models are the most suitable kinetic and isothermal adsorption models, respectively. Furthermore, we analyzed and elucidated some factors that influence the pollutant removal performance of biochar-amended BRS, such as the types of biochar, the preparation process and physicochemical properties of biochar, the aging of biochar, the chemical modification of biochar, and the hydraulic loading, inflow concentration and drying-rewetting alternation of biochar-amended BRS. The high potential for recycling spent biochar in BRS as a soil ameliorant is proposed. Collectively, biochar can be used as an improved medium in BRS. This review provides a foundation for biochar selection in biochar-amended BRS. Future research and practical applications of biochar-amended BRS should focus on the long-term stability of treatment performances under field conditions, chemical modification with co-impregnated nanomaterials in biochar surface, and the durability, aging, and possible negative effects of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail: ; Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Yinghui Tang
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail: ; Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Lilan Ye
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Renyu Chen
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail:
| | - Shaochun Yuan
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China E-mail: ; Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Hydraulic Engineering of Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
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18
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Huang Y, Chen Y, Wen D, Zhao P, Li F, Li L, Du R, Shi H, Deng T, Du Y. Biochar-based molybdenum slow-release fertilizer enhances nitrogen assimilation in Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica parachinensis). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134663. [PMID: 35447204 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Low molybdenum (Mo) bioavailability in acidic soil obstructs vegetable nitrogen assimilation and thus increases the health risk of vegetable ingestion due to nitrate accumulation. Constantly providing available Mo in acidic soil is a challenge for decreasing nitrate accumulation in vegetables. In this study, three Mo application methods, including biochar-based Mo slow-release fertilizer (Mo-biochar), seed dressing, and basal application, were investigated to enhance Mo bioavailability in acidic soil and nitrogen assimilation in Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica parachinensis). The results showed that Mo-biochar constantly and sufficiently supplied Mo nutrients throughout the growing period of Brassica parachinensis, as evidenced by the soil available Mo, plant Mo uptake, and Mo values. The improved Mo supply was attributed to the alleviation of acidic soil (pH from 5.10 to 6.99) and the slow release of Mo adsorbed on biochar. Mo-biochar increased the nitrate reductase (NR) activity by 238.6% and glutamate dehydrogenase activity by 27.5%, indicating an enhancement of the rate-limiting steps of nitrogen assimilation, especially for nitrate reduction and amino acid synthesis. The increase in Mo-containing NR could be directly ascribed to the high level of Mo in Brassica parachinensis. Compared with the control, the nitrate content of Brassica parachinensis decreased by 42.9% due to the nitrate reduction induced by increased NR. Additionally, Mo-biochar was beneficial to vegetable growth and quality. In contrast, the transformation from NO3- to NH4+ was blocked with Mo seed dressing and basal application because of low Mo bioavailability in the soil, resulting in a high nitrate content in Brassica parachinensis. Conclusively, Mo-biochar can slowly release Mo and improve the neutral environment for Mo bioavailability, which is an effective strategy to mitigate the high nitrate accumulation of vegetables planted in acidic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yongjian Chen
- Guangdong Agricultural Science Monitoring Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Dian Wen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Peihua Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Furong Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Guangdong Agricultural Science Monitoring Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Ruiying Du
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.
| | - Hanzhi Shi
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Tenghaobo Deng
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yingqiong Du
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
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Zhang Y, Jeyakumar P, Xia C, Lam SS, Jiang J, Sun H, Shi W. Being applied at rice or wheat season impacts biochar's effect on gaseous nitrogen pollutants from the wheat growth cycle. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119409. [PMID: 35513200 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) application to agricultural soil can impact two nitrogen (N) gases pollutants, i.e., the ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) losses to atmospheric environment. Under rice-wheat rotation, applied at which growth cycle may influence the aforementioned effects of BC. We conducted a soil column (35 cm in inner diameter and 70 cm in height) experiment to evaluate the responses of wheat N use efficiency (NUE), NH3 volatilization, and N2O emission from wheat season to biochar applied at rice (R) or wheat (W) growth cycle, meanwhile regarding the effect of inorganic fertilizer N input rate, i.e., 72, 90, and 108 kg ha-1 (named N72, N90, and N108, respectively). The results showed that BC application influenced the wheat growth and grain yield. In particular, BC applied at rice season increased the wheat grain yield when receiving 90 and 108 kg N ha-1. The improved wheat grain yield was attributed to that N90 + BC(R) and N108 + BC(R) enhanced the wheat NUE by 53.8% and 52.8% over N90 and N108, respectively. More N input led to higher NH3 volatilization and its emission factor. Interestingly, 19.7%-34.0% lower NH3 vitalizations were recorded under treatments with BC applied in rice season, compared with the treatments only with fertilizer N. BC applied at rice season exerted higher efficiency on mitigating N2O emission than that applied at wheat season under three N input rates, i.e., 60.5%-77.6% vs 29.8%-34.8%. Overall, considering the crop yield and global warming potential resulting from NH3 volatilization and N2O emission of wheat season, N90 + BC(R) is recommended. In conclusion, farmers should consider the application time and reduce inorganic fertilizer N rate when using BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haijun Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Hu W, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhou X, Fei J, Luo G. Understanding how reed-biochar application mitigates nitrogen losses in paddy soil: Insight into microbially-driven nitrogen dynamics. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133904. [PMID: 35157877 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application to chemical-amended paddy soils has been proposed as a potential strategy to enhance nitrogen (N) retention and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by crops. However, optimal concentrations for these enhancements and the potential drivers are not well understood. Herein, a column-based pot experiment was carried out to investigate the impacts of reed-biochar application rate on N losses and dynamics in paddy soils treated by chemical fertilizer, and particularly, to explore the dominant factors of the processes. The addition of 2-4% reed-biochar had the most significant effects on mitigating N loss by leaching. Reed-biochar amendment increased soil total N and mineral N (NH4+-N and NO3--N) content, and denitrifying gene abundance, and the increments of those variables were positively related to the application rate. Soil treated with 1-4% reed-biochar at harvest period showed higher gene abundances of ammonia-oxidizing and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and higher activity of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and leucine aminopeptidase compared with the 4-8% application rate. The amoA-AOA gene abundance, NAG activity, and total carbon (C) content were the main predictors of total N and mineral N accumulated leakage. Total C content was the main predictor of soil total N and mineral N content, followed by the pH and NAG activity. These results suggest that adding 2-4% reed-biochar was more beneficial to mitigate N loss and thus enhance soil N storage and availability. This study highlights the importance of understanding how microbial populations mediate N transformation to decipher biochar-driven NUE enhancement in paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wang Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yizhe Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hanfeng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jiangchi Fei
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Gongwen Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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Dong L, Yang X, Shi L, Shen Y, Wang L, Wang J, Li C, Zhang H. Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer co-application changed SOC content and fraction composition in Huang-Huai-Hai plain, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132925. [PMID: 34798104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can significantly enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and crop yield, and it is therefore the preferred material for soil improvement in medium-low yield fields. In this study, a field experiment was designed to explore the impacts of biochar application on SOC content and fraction composition. Results indicated that incorporation of biochar into soil increased the SOC content by 26.9%-65.3% in the surface layer (0-10 cm) and 30.3%-63.0% in the subsurface layer (10-20 cm) of soil, while water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) of the two layers was increased by 2.2-40.0% and 2.3-39.8%, respectively. Microbial biomass carbon decreased under conventional nitrogen treatments and increased with biochar addition under increased nitrogen application. The C:N value increased with biochar application, while the water-soluble C:N value of soil applied with 30 t ha-1 biochar was lower than that of soil applied with 15 t ha-1 biochar, both in the two tested soil layers. Wheat yield is evidently correlated with SOC, with the correlation coefficients of 0.919 and 0.952 in the surface and subsurface soil layers (P < 0.01), respectively. Particularly, increasing fulvic and humic acid-like compounds of WSOC promoted the bioavailability of nutrient elements, thereby increasing the crop yields. Therefore, biochar application is an effective means to fertilize middle-low yield soils through increasing SOC sequestration and nutrient reserves, or adjusting soil C:N value to a proper range, thereby reducing nutrient loss and increasing wheat yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Dong
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xiangcheng, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, 215105, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Linlin Shi
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xiangcheng, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, 215105, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xiangcheng, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, 215105, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jidong Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources & Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Chuanzhe Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources & Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xiangcheng, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, 215105, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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