1
|
Zhou K, Yin D, Liu C, Sun R. Investigating the role of poly-γ-glutamic acid in Pennisetum giganteum phytoextraction of mercury-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173707. [PMID: 38866170 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Farmland mercury (Hg) pollution poses a significant threat to human health, but there is a lack of highly efficient phytoextraction for its remediation at present. This study investigates the impact of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) on the phytoextraction capabilities of Pennisetum giganteum (P. giganteum) in Hg-contaminated soil. Our research indicates that amending γ-PGA to soil markedly enhances the assimilation of soil Hg by P. giganteum and transformation of Hg within itself, with observed increases in Hg concentrations in roots, stems, and leaves by 1.1, 4.3, and 18.9 times, respectively, compared to the control. This enhancement is attributed to that γ-PGA can facilitate the hydrophilic and bioavailable of soil Hg. Besides, γ-PGA can stimulate the abundance of Hg-resistance bacteria Proteobacteria in the rhizosphere of P. giganteum, thus increasing the mobility and uptake of soil Hg by P. giganteum roots. Moreover, the hydrophilic nature of Hg-γ-PGA complexes supports their transport via the apoplastic pathway, across the epidermis, and through the Casparian strip, eventually leading to immobilization in the mesophyll tissues. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of Hg phytoextraction, demonstrating that γ-PGA significantly enhances the effectiveness of P. giganteum in Hg uptake and translocation. The findings suggest a promising approach for the remediation of Hg-contaminated soil, offering a sustainable and efficient strategy for environmental management and health risk mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, PR China
| | - Deliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Chen Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, PR China
| | - Rongguo Sun
- Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jing B, Shi W, Wang Y. Poly-γ-glutamic acid enhanced the yield and photosynthesis of soybeans by adjusting soil aggregates and water distribution. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:6884-6892. [PMID: 38591419 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is employed extensively in agriculture to enhance soil water retention; however, the underlying mechanism by which γ-PGA improves soil structure and soybean productivity in arid regions remains poorly understood. A micro-scale field experiment was conducted in the arid region of northwest China, employing five concentrations of γ-PGA to investigate its impacts on soybean yield, photosynthesis, and water-use efficiency, as well as soil aggregates and water distribution. The five levels of γ-PGA were 0 (CK), 10 (P1), 20 (P2), 40 (P3), and 80 kg ha-1 (P4). RESULTS The results demonstrated that the application of γ-PGA significantly improved soybean yield, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content. It resulted in a decrease in soil aggregate content with a maximum diameter of less than 0.053 mm and an increase in the stability of soil aggregates in the uppermost layer of the soil (0-30 cm). The application of γ-PGA significantly increased soil water content, particularly in the uppermost layer of the soil, and effectively reduced water consumption and improving water use efficiency in soybeans. Overall, the P3 treatment exhibited the most pronounced improvement of soybean yield, photosynthesis, water-use efficiency, as well as distribution of soil aggregates and water. The correlation matrix heatmap also revealed a strong correlation between improvement of soybean yield or photosynthesis at various γ-PGA application levels and the enhancement of soil stability or soil water content. CONCLUSION The multivariate regression analysis revealed that an optimal application level of 46 kg ha-1 γ-PGA could enhance effectively both yield and water use efficiency of soybean in the arid region of northwest China. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo Z, Wang J, Chen T, Zhang H, Hou X, Li J. Effects of γ-polyglutamic acid supplementation on alfalfa growth and rhizosphere soil microorganisms in sandy soil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6440. [PMID: 38499631 PMCID: PMC10948886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at exploring the effects of γ-polyglutamic acid on the growth of desert alfalfa and the soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere. The study examined the effects of varying concentrations of γ-polyglutamic acid (0%-CK, 2%-G1, 4%-G2, 6%-G3) on sandy soil, the research investigated its impact on the growth characteristics of alfalfa, nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil, and the composition of bacterial communities. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and available phosphorus content among the G1, G2, and G3 treatments. Compared to CK, the soil nutrient content in the G2 treatment increased by 14.81-186.67%, showing the highest enhancement. In terms of alfalfa growth, the G2 treatment demonstrated the best performance, significantly increasing plant height, chlorophyll content, above-ground biomass, and underground biomass by 54.91-154.84%. Compared to the CK treatment, the number of OTUs (operational taxonomic units) in the G1, G2, and G3 treatments increased by 14.54%, 8.27%, and 6.84%, respectively. The application of γ-polyglutamic acid altered the composition and structure of the bacterial community, with Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Gemmatimonadota accounting for 84.14-87.89% of the total bacterial community. The G2 treatment significantly enhanced the diversity and evenness of soil bacteria in the rhizosphere. Redundancy analysis revealed that organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, moisture content, and pH were the primary factors influencing the structure of bacterial phyla. At the genus level, moisture content emerged as the most influential factor on the bacterial community. Notably, moisture content exhibited a strong positive correlation with Acidobacteriota, which in turn was positively associated with indicators of alfalfa growth. In summary, the application of γ-polyglutamic acid at a 4% ratio has the potential for improving sandy soil quality, promoting plant growth, and regulating the rhizosphere microbial community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Tianqing Chen
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Haiou Zhang
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xiandong Hou
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li C, Ma H, Li P, Zhang S, Xu J, Wang L, Sheng W, Xu T, Shen L, Wang W, Xia T. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) with heterologous poly-γ-glutamic acid has skin moisturizing, whitening and anti-wrinkle effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130026. [PMID: 38336313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Three genes involved in poly-γ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA)synthesis cloned from Bacillus licheniformis were transformed into cucumber for the first time. Compared with control, its water content increased by 6-14 % and water loss rate decreased by 11-12 %. In zebrafish and human skin experiments, the moisturizing effect of transgenic cucumber was significantly higher than that of CK, γ-PGA and hyaluronic acid group. Transgenic cucumber reduced facial wrinkles and roughness by 19.58 % and 24.97 %, reduced skin melanin content by 5.27 %, increased skin topological angle and L-value by 5.89 % and 2.49 %, and increased the R2 and Q1 values of facial elasticity by 7.67 % and 5.64 %, respectively. The expressions of aqp3, Tyr, silv and OCA2 were down-regulated, eln1, eln2, col1a1a and col1a1b were up-regulated in zebrafish after treated with transgenic cucumber. This study provides an important reference for the endogenous synthesis of important skin care functional molecules in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Haizhen Ma
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Panpan Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shengkui Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jieting Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Tianyu Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Lu Shen
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wanxia Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Tao Xia
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zheng Y, Cao X, Zhou Y, Li Z, Yang Y, Zhao D, Li Y, Xu Z, Zhang CS. Effect of planting salt-tolerant legumes on coastal saline soil nutrient availability and microbial communities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118574. [PMID: 37423189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a serious global environmental problem affecting sustainable development of agriculture. Legumes are excellent candidates for the phytoremediation of saline soils; however, how soil microbes mediate the amelioration of coastal saline ecosystems is unknown. In this study, two salt-tolerant legumes, Glycine soja and Sesbania cannabina were planted in coastal saline soil for three years. Soil nutrient availability and microbiota structure (including bacteria, fungi, and diazotrophs) were compared between the phytoremediated soils and control soil (barren land). Planting legumes reduced soil salinity, and increased total carbon, total nitrogen, and NO3--N contents. Among the soil microbiota, some nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., Azotobacter) were enriched in legumes, which were probably responsible for soil nitrogen accumulation. The complexity of the bacterial, fungal, and diazotrophic networks increased significantly from the control to the phytoremediated soils, suggesting that the soil microbial community formed closer ecological interactions during remediation. Furthermore, the dominant microbial functions were chemoheterotrophy (24.75%) and aerobic chemoheterotrophy (21.97%) involved in the carbon cycle, followed by nitrification (13.68%) and aerobic ammonia oxidation (13.34%) involved in the nitrogen cycle. Overall, our findings suggested that G. soja and S. cannabina legumes were suitable for ameliorating saline soils as they decreased soil salinity and increased soil nutrient content, with microorganisms especially nitrogen-fixing bacteria, playing an important role in this remediation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Zheng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Xuwen Cao
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yanzhe Yang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Donglin Zhao
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Zongchang Xu
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China.
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jing B, Shi W, Liu L, Wang Y. Poly-γ-glutamic acid improved biological nitrogen fixation, water-nitrogen productivity, and nitrate residue in cotton/soybean intercropping. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7284-7292. [PMID: 37378640 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) can promote crop growth and improve soil properties efficiently. However, the optimal application rate of γ-PGA in legume/non-legume intercropping systems is still unclear. A potted experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of five γ-PGA rates (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%, represented by CK, P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively) on biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF), water-N productivity, and nitrate distribution in a cotton/soybean intercropping system. RESULTS The results showed that the growth indicators (plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, root dry weight, root length) of cotton and soybean increased first and then decreased with increasing γ-PGA rates, and all growth indicators of cotton and soybean showed peaks in P3 and P2 treatments. The stable 15 N isotope method indicated that γ-PGA promoted the BNF capacity of soybean and soil. In particular, the percentage of N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) in soybean reached 61.94% in the P2 treatment. Poly-γ-glutamic acid improved the water-N productivity, and the total N partial factor productivity (NPFP) and water productivity (WP) in P3 treatment increased by 23.80% and 43.86% compared with the CK treatment. The γ-PGA mitigation of potential nitrate residue also decreased first and then increased with increasing γ-PGA rates. CONCLUSION Multivariate regression analysis showed that 0.22% of the optimal γ-PGA application rate could obtain a higher yield and water-N productivity in cotton/soybean intercropping system simultaneously. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Iram K, Ashraf MA, Ibrahim SM, Rasheed R, Ali S. Coumarin regulated redox homeostasis to facilitate phytoremediation of saline and alkaline soils by bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:99584-99604. [PMID: 37620696 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of coumarin (COU) to alleviate the phytotoxic effects of salinity has great potential in improving the phytoremediation of saline and alkaline soils. 30-day bitter gourd plants were exposed to 15 dS m‒1 salinity of neutral (NaCl and Na2SO4) and alkaline (Na2CO3 and NaHCO3) salts. 60-day plants were harvested to record different growth, physiological and biochemical attributes. Salinity significantly subsided plant growth, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, and nutrient acquisition. Salinity induced notable oxidative damage in plants that displayed higher relative membrane permeability (RMP), accumulated elevated ROS (H2O2 and O2•‒) and MDA levels alongside intensified lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. The production of cytotoxic methylglyoxal was also significantly higher in plants under salinity. COU seed priming (50, 100 and 150 mg L‒1) promoted plant growth by circumventing oxidative injury and intensifying oxidative defense. Further, COU maintained the intricate balance between reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione to diminish ion excess toxicity, thereby facilitating the phytoremediation of saline soils. The lower doses of COU promoted methylglyoxal and ROS detoxification systems that, in turn, lessened the phytotoxic effects of salinity. COU restored ions homeostasis by augmenting osmotic adjustment in plants under salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Iram
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sobhy M Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang F, Lv Q, Fan J, Zhang Y, Song Y, Ren X, Hu S. Ameliorative effect of calcium poly(aspartic acid) (PASP-Ca) and calcium poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA-Ca) on soil acidity in different horizons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27713-8. [PMID: 37222895 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidification is a worldwide eco-environmental problem detrimental to plant growth and threatening food security. In this study, calcium poly(aspartic acid) (PASP-Ca) and calcium poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA-Ca) were obtained through cation exchange and used to mitigate soil acidity owing to high solubility and complexing capability. Three rates at 6.7, 13.4, and 20.1 g kg-1, denoted as PASP-Ca1, PASP-Ca2, and PASP-Ca3, and γ-PGA-Ca (7.4 g kg-1) were surface-applied and compared with conventional lime (CaCO3, 2.5 g kg-1) along with control in two soil layers (top soil 0-10 cm, subsoil 10-20 cm). After leaching, various soil properties and aluminum fractions were measured to assess their ameliorative performance and mechanisms. Although lime achieved the highest soil pH (6.91) in the topsoil followed by PASP-Ca and γ-PGA-Ca (pH: 5.57-6.33), it had less effect on subsoil increase (5.3) vs. PASP-Ca and γ-PGA-Ca (pH: 5.44-5.74). Surface-applied PASP-Ca demonstrated efficiency in elevating soil pH and reducing exchangeable acidity, mainly as exchangeable Al3+, whereas γ-PGA-Ca addition superiorly improved soil pH buffering capacity (pHBC). Moreover, PASP-Ca and γ-PGA-Ca addition improved organic carbon by 34.4-44.9%, available P by 4.80-20.71%, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) by 6.19-29.2%, thus greatly enhanced soil fertility. Ca2+ from polyAA-Ca promoted the displacement of exchangeable Al3+ or H+ from soil colloid, which were subsequently complexed or protonated and facilitated leaching. Additionally, the transformation into stable organo-aluminum fractions via complexation inhibited further hydrolysis. Under PASP-Ca or γ-PGA-Ca addition, the saturation of aluminum in cation exchange complex was reduced 2.91-7.81% compared to the control without addition amendments. Thus, PASP-Ca and γ-PGA-Ca can serve as potent ameliorants to alleviate soil acidity and aluminum toxicity for sustainable agricultural development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, Haidian, China
| | - Qilin Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, Haidian, China
| | - Jingbiao Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, Haidian, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, Haidian, China
| | - Yuling Song
- Hekou District Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Yellow River Road 164Shandong Province, Dongying City, 257200, China
| | - Xueqin Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, Haidian, China
| | - Shuwen Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, Haidian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Multi-factor correlation analysis of the effect of root-promoting practices on tobacco rhizosphere microecology in growth stages. Microbiol Res 2023; 270:127349. [PMID: 36870194 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Some agronomic practices not only promote the development of crop roots and increase overall plant performance but also affect colonisation by rhizosphere microorganisms. However, the composition and temporal dynamics of the tobacco rhizosphere microbiota under different root-promoting practices are poorly understood. Here, we characterised the tobacco rhizosphere microbiota at the knee-high, vigorous growing, and maturity stages under the application of potassium fulvic acid (PFA), γ-Polyglutamic acid (PGA), soymilk root irrigation (SRI), and conventional fertilization (CK) and its correlation with root characteristics and soil nutrients. The results showed that three root-promoting practices notably improved the dry and fresh root weights. Total nitrogen and phosphorus, available phosphorus and potassium, and organic matter contents in the rhizosphere markedly increased at the vigorous growing stage. The rhizosphere microbiota was changed through root-promoting practices. However, with tobacco growth, the change of rhizosphere microbiota showed a pattern of slow first and then fast and the microbiota of different treatments gradually approached. SRI reduced plant-pathogenic fungi but increased chemoheterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. PFA and PGA markedly increased arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi at the knee-high stage, which benefitted tobacco nutrient absorption. The correlation between rhizosphere microorganisms and environmental factors varied at different growth stages. Notably, the rhizosphere microbiota was more sensitive to environmental factors at the vigorous growing stage, and the interactions were more complex than in other stages. Furthermore, a variance partitioning analysis showed that the influence of root-soil interaction on the rhizosphere microbiota increased with tobacco growth. Overall, all three root-promoting practices could improve root characteristics, rhizosphere nutrient, and rhizosphere microbiota to varying degrees and increase the tobacco biomass, among which PGA had the most obvious effect and most suitable for tobacco cultivation. Our findings revealed the role of root-promoting practices in shaping the rhizosphere microbiota during plant growth and elucidated the assembly patterns and environmental drivers of crop rhizosphere microbiota driven by the application of root-promoting practices in agricultural production.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang R, Liu T, Lu C, Zhang Z, Guo P, Jia B, Hao B, Wang Y, Guo W. Bioorganic fertilizers improve the adaptability and remediation efficiency of Puccinellia distans in multiple heavy metals-contaminated saline soil by regulating the soil microbial community. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130982. [PMID: 36860055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization and heavy metal (HM) pollution are global environmental problems. Bioorganic fertilizers facilitate phytoremediation, but their roles and microbial mechanisms in natural HM-contaminated saline soils have not been explored. Therefore, greenhouse pot trials were conducted with three treatments: control (CK), manure bioorganic fertilizer (MOF), and lignite bioorganic fertilizer (LOF). The results showed that MOF and LOF significantly increased nutrient uptake, biomass, toxic ion accumulation in Puccinellia distans, soil available nutrients, SOC, and macroaggregates. More biomarkers were enriched in MOF and LOF. Network analysis confirmed that MOF and LOF increased the number of bacterial functional groups and fungal community stability and strengthened their positive association with plants; Bacteria have a more significant effect on phytoremediation. Most biomarkers and keystones play important roles in promoting plant growth and stress resistance in the MOF and LOF treatments. In summary, besides enrichment of soil nutrients, MOF and LOF can also improve the adaptability and phytoremediation efficiency of P. distans by regulating the soil microbial community, with LOF having a greater effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Tai Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Chengyan Lu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Zhechao Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Peiran Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Bingbing Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Baihui Hao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu J, Xing Y, Wang J, Yang Y, Ye C, Sun R. Effect of poly-γ-glutamic acid on the phytoremediation of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) in the Hg-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137280. [PMID: 36403812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Farmlands around the Hg mining areas have suffered from severe Hg contamination issues, triggering a phenomenon of high Hg content in crops, and subsequently threatening human health. In this study, ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) assisted with poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) was employed to remediate the Hg-contaminated soil through incubation experiments. After the soil was amended with γ-PGA, the leaf Hg content increased by 4.4-fold, and the translocation factor value even reached 3.5, indicating that γ-PGA could dramatically enhance the translocation of Hg from root and stem to leaf. γ-PGA could induce the transformation of potentially available Hg to available fractions, resulting in the soil Hg being more bioavailable. Batch trials verified that γ-PGA could mask the adsorption function of Hg ions by soil organic matter, significantly stimulating the desorption of Hg ions from the soil. As a result, the soil Hg would transfer to the aqueous phase and be assimilated by the root of ramie more easily and effectively. The γ-PGA chelated Hg is hydrophilic and has a high affinity with -SH and -S-; thereby, it can easily stride over the Casparian strip, enter the vessel, be translocated upwards, be sequestered in the tissues of leaf, and be incorporated irreversibly. This study can provide a new method for the remediation of Hg-contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Material, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Xing
- School of Chemistry and Material, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Material, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Cai Ye
- School of Chemistry and Material, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rongguo Sun
- School of Chemistry and Material, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bai N, Zhang H, He Y, Zhang J, Zheng X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Lv W, Li S. Effects of Bacillus subtilis A-5 and its fermented γ-polyglutamic acid on the rhizosphere bacterial community of Chinese cabbage. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:954489. [PMID: 36046026 PMCID: PMC9421268 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.954489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical fertilizer reduction combined with novel and green agricultural inputs has become an important practice to improve microecological health in agricultural production. Given the close linkages between rhizosphere processes and plant nutrition and productivity, understanding how fertilization impacts this critical zone is highly important for optimizing plant–soil interactions and crop fitness for agricultural sustainability. Here, by using a pot experimental system, we demonstrated that nitrogen fertilizer reduction and microbial agent application promoted plant fitness and altered the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil with the following treatments: no fertilization, CK; conventional chemical fertilizer, CF; 30% reduced nitrogen fertilizer, N; 30% reduced nitrogen fertilizer with pure γ-PGA, PGA; 30% reduced nitrogen fertilizer with Bacillus subtilis A-5, A5; 30% reduced nitrogen fertilizer with γ-PGA fermentation broth, FJY. The PGA, A5, and FJY treatments all significantly promoted crop growth, and the FJY treatment showed the strongest positive effect on Chinese cabbage yield (26,385.09 kg/hm2) (P < 0.05). Microbial agents affected the α diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial community; the addition of B. subtilis A-5 (A5 and FJY treatments) significantly affected rhizospheric bacterial community structure. Urease activity and soil pH were the key factors affecting bacterial community structure and composition. The FJY treatment seemed to influence the relative abundances of important bacterial taxa related to metabolite degradation, predation, and nitrogen cycling. This discovery provides insight into the mechanism underlying the effects of microbial agent inputs on rhizosphere microbial community assembly and highlights a promising direction for the manipulation of the rhizosphere microbiome to yield beneficial outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naling Bai
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanqin Zhang
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station of Ministry Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianqing Zheng
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station of Ministry Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Horticultural Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Horticultural Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguang Lv
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station of Ministry Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Horticultural Technology, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiguang Lv
| | - Shuangxi Li
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station of Ministry Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Horticultural Technology, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- Shuangxi Li
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bai N, He Y, Zhang H, Zheng X, Zeng R, Li Y, Li S, Lv W. γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production, Biocontrol, and Stress Tolerance: Multifunction of Bacillus subtilis A-5 and the Complete Genome Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137630. [PMID: 35805288 PMCID: PMC9265942 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis A-5 has the capabilities of high-molecular-weight γ-PGA production, antagonism to plant pathogenic fungi, and salt/alkaline tolerance. This multifunctional bacterium has great potential for enhancing soil fertility and plant security in agricultural ecosystem. The genome size of B. subtilis A-5 was 4,190,775 bp, containing 1 Chr and 2 plasmids (pA and pB) with 43.37% guanine-cytosine content and 4605 coding sequences. The γ-PGA synthase gene cluster was predicted to consist of pgsBCA and factor (pgsE). The γ-PGA-degrading enzymes were mainly pgdS, GGT, and cwlO. Nine gene clusters producing secondary metabolite substances, namely, four unknown function gene clusters and five antibiotic synthesis gene clusters (surfactin, fengycin, bacillibactin, subtilosin_A, and bacilysin), were predicted in the genome of B. subtilis A-5 using antiSMASH. In addition, B. subtilis A-5 contained genes related to carbohydrate and protein decomposition, proline synthesis, pyruvate kinase, and stress-resistant proteins. This affords significant insights into the survival and application of B. subtilis A-5 in adverse agricultural environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naling Bai
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yu He
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xianqing Zheng
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rong Zeng
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yi Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Shuangxi Li
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station, Ministry Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Weiguang Lv
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (N.B.); (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station, Ministry Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Horticultural Technology, Shanghai 201403, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ibraheem F, Al-Zahrani A, Mosa A. Physiological Adaptation of Three Wild Halophytic Suaeda Species: Salt Tolerance Strategies and Metal Accumulation Capacity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040537. [PMID: 35214869 PMCID: PMC8877964 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes is critical for improving the world's agriculture under climate change scenarios. Herein, the physiological and metabolic responses of Suaeda monoica, Suaeda vermiculata, and Suaeda schimperi against abiotic stress in their natural saline environment on the east coast of the Red Sea were investigated. The tested species are exposed to different levels of salinity along with elemental disorders, including deficiency in essential nutrients (N&P in particular) and/or elevated levels of potentially toxic elements. The tested species employed common and species-specific tolerance mechanisms that are driven by the level of salinity and the genetic constitution of Suaeda species. These mechanisms include: (i) utilization of inorganic elements as cheap osmotica (Na+ in particular), (ii) lowering C/N ratio (S. monoica and S. schimperi) that benefits growth priority, (iii) efficient utilization of low soil N (S. vermiculata) that ensures survival priority, (v) biosynthesis of betacyanin (S. schimperi and S. vermiculata) and (vi) downregulation of overall metabolism (S. vermiculata) to avoid oxidative stress. Based on their cellular metal accumulation, S. monoica is an efficient phytoextractor of Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn, whereas S. vermiculata is a hyper-accumulator of Hg and Pb. S. schimperi is an effective phytoextractor of Fe, Hg, and Cr. These results highlight the significance of Suaeda species as a promising model halophyte and as phytoremediators of their hostile environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farag Ibraheem
- Biology and Chemistry Department, Al Qunfodah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Qunfodah 21912, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (F.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Ateeq Al-Zahrani
- Biology and Chemistry Department, Al Qunfodah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Qunfodah 21912, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Mosa
- Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (F.I.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kang Z, Gong M, Li Y, Chen W, Yang Y, Qin J, Li H. Low Cd-accumulating rice intercropping with Sesbania cannabina L. reduces grain Cd while promoting phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149600. [PMID: 34426335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Paddy field pollution with Cd has become a serious problem and poses threat to public health. Intercropping is new good agricultural practice for phytoremediation in Cd contaminated soil. Field and pot experiments were conducted to examine the effects of intercropping low Cd-accumulating rice with Sesbania cannabina on plant growth, uptake of Cd by the intercropping system, and rhizosphere microecology, and to evaluate the potential remediation of Cd contaminated soil and safety production of rice. The results of in the field experiment show that, in intercropping system, the concentration of Cd in the grain of rice (0.18 mg kg-1) was below the threshold level permitted by the National Food Safety Standard of China (GB 2762-2017, 0.20 mg kg-1). Furthermore, the yield per plant of rice in intercropping system significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 19.71%. At the same time, the bio-concentration amount (BCA) of Cd per plant of Sesbania cannabina in intercropping system significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 46.15%. The metal removal equivalent ratio (MRER) of Cd was 1.11, indicating that the intercropping system had advantage in Cd removal. In the pot experiment, the rice intercropped with Sesbania cannabina under no barrier (IN) treatment significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the content of rhizosphere organic acids (oxalic and malic acids), and significantly (P < 0.05) increased the rhizosphere pH value and total iron plaque concentration on the root surface compared to the intercropping with plastic barrier (IN+P) treatment, which could significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the available Cd content in rhizosphere soil and the accumulation of Cd in rice organs. With this study we demonstrated that lower rhizosphere organic acids and higher iron plaque can obstruct and decreased the Cd absorbed by rice in a rice-Sesbania cannabina intercropping system. We conclude that intercropping rice with Sesbania cannabina is a promising and cost-effective agricultural practice for safe crop production and for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated paddy soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Kang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Maojian Gong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinshi Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weizhen Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanan Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture / Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Metabolomics Analyses Reveal Metabolites Affected by Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacteria in Roots of the Halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111813. [PMID: 34769244 PMCID: PMC8584320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. (common ice plant) is an edible halophyte. However, if ice plants are used to phytoremediate salinity soil, there are problems of slow initial growth, and a long period before active NaCl uptake occurs under higher salinity conditions. Application of endophytic bacteria may improve the problem, but there remain gaps in our understanding of how endophytic bacteria affect the growth and the biochemical and physiological characteristics of ice plants. The aims of this study were to identify growth-promoting endophytic bacteria from the roots of ice plants and to document the metabolomic response of ice plants after application of selected endophytic bacteria. Two plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria were selected on the basis of their ability to promote ice plant growth. The two strains putatively identified as Microbacterium spp. and Streptomyces spp. significantly promoted ice plant growth, at 2-times and 2.5-times, respectively, compared with the control and also affected the metabolome of ice plants. The strain of Microbacterium spp. resulted in increased contents of metabolites related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and photosynthesis. The effects of salt stress were alleviated in ice plants inoculated with the endobacterial strains, compared with uninoculated plants. A deeper understanding of the complex interplay among plant metabolites will be useful for developing microbe-assisted soil phytoremediation strategies, using Mesembryanthemum species.
Collapse
|