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Bakir M, Jiménez MS, Laborda F, Slaveykova VI. Exploring the impact of silver-based nanomaterial feed additives on green algae through single-cell techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173564. [PMID: 38806122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Silver in its various forms, including dissolved silver ions (Ag+) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), is a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics, largely used in livestock as feed additives and could contribute to the decrease and avoidance of the development of antibiotic resistance. The present study aims to assess the potential ecotoxicity of a silver-based nanomaterial (Ag-kaolin), the feed supplemented with the nanomaterial and the faeces since the latter are the ones that finally reach the environment. To this end, green alga Raphidocellis subcapitata was exposed to the extracts of Ag-kaolin, supplemented feed, and pig faeces for 72 h, along with Ag+ and AgNPs as controls for comparison purposes. Given the complexity of the studied materials, single-cell techniques were used to follow the changes in the cell numbers and chlorophyll fluorescence by flow cytometry, and the accumulation of silver in the exposed cells by single cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SC-ICP-MS). Changes in cell morphology were observed by cell imaging multimode reader. The results revealed a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, even at low concentrations of Ag-kaolin (10 μg L-1) after 48 h of exposure. Additionally, complete growth inhibition was found with this material like the results obtained by exposure to Ag+. For the supplemented feed, a concentration of 50 μg L-1 was necessary to achieve complete growth inhibition. However, the behaviour differed for the leachate of faeces, which released Ag2S and AgCl alongside Ag+ and AgNPs. At 50 μg L-1, inhibition was minimal, primarily due to the predominance of less toxic Ag2S in the leachate. The uptake of silver by the cells was confirmed with all the samples through SC-ICP-MS analysis. These findings demonstrate that the use of Ag-kaolin as a feed supplement will lead to a low environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Bakir
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 66 Blvd Carl-Vogt, CH 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA) University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - María S Jiménez
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA) University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Laborda
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA) University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vera I Slaveykova
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 66 Blvd Carl-Vogt, CH 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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2
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Bellido-Pedraza CM, Torres MJ, Llamas A. The Microalgae Chlamydomonas for Bioremediation and Bioproduct Production. Cells 2024; 13:1137. [PMID: 38994989 PMCID: PMC11240456 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The extensive metabolic diversity of microalgae, coupled with their rapid growth rates and cost-effective production, position these organisms as highly promising resources for a wide range of biotechnological applications. These characteristics allow microalgae to address crucial needs in the agricultural, medical, and industrial sectors. Microalgae are proving to be valuable in various fields, including the remediation of diverse wastewater types, the production of biofuels and biofertilizers, and the extraction of various products from their biomass. For decades, the microalga Chlamydomonas has been widely used as a fundamental research model organism in various areas such as photosynthesis, respiration, sulfur and phosphorus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and flagella synthesis, among others. However, in recent years, the potential of Chlamydomonas as a biotechnological tool for bioremediation, biofertilization, biomass, and bioproducts production has been increasingly recognized. Bioremediation of wastewater using Chlamydomonas presents significant potential for sustainable reduction in contaminants and facilitates resource recovery and valorization of microalgal biomass, offering important economic benefits. Chlamydomonas has also established itself as a platform for the production of a wide variety of biotechnologically interesting products, such as different types of biofuels, and high-value-added products. The aim of this review is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the potential of Chlamydomonas in these aspects, and to explore their interrelationship, which would offer significant environmental and biotechnological advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Bellido-Pedraza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Maria J Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Angel Llamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), University of Córdoba, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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3
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Zhang J, Lin Z, Ai F, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. Effect of ultraviolet aged polytetrafluoroethylene microplastics on copper bioavailability and Microcystis aeruginosa growth. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 272:106967. [PMID: 38833998 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, which can act as carriers to affect the bioavailability of heavy metals. The aging process in the environment changes the physicochemical properties of MPs, thereby affecting their environmental behavior and co-toxicity with other pollutants. However, relevant research is limited. In this study, we compared the properties and Cu2+ adsorption capacity of pristine and aged polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) MPs and further explored the influence on copper bioavailability and bio-effects on Microcystis aeruginosa. Aging process induced surface oxidation and cracks of PTFE MPs, and decreased the stability of MPs in water by increasing zeta potential. PTFE MPs had a strong adsorption capacity for Cu2+ and increased the bioavailability of copper to microalgae, which was not affected by the aging process. Pristine and aged PTFE MPs adhered to cyanobacterium surfaces and caused shrinkage and deformation of cells. Inhibition of cyanobacterium growth, photosynthesis and reduction of total antioxidant capacity were observed in the treatment of PTFE MPs. Combined exposure of pristine MPs and Cu2+ had stronger toxic effects to cyanobacterium, and increased Microcystin-LR release, which could cause harm to aquatic environment. Aging reduced the toxic effects of PTFE MPs on microalgae. Furthermore, soluble exopolysaccharide (EPS) content was significantly higher in co-exposure of aged MPs and Cu2+, which could reduce the toxicity to cyanobacterium cells. These results indicate that aging process alleviates the toxicity to microalgae and environmental risks caused by PTFE MPs. This study improves understanding of the combined toxicity of aged MPs and metals in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zihan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fuxun Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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4
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Zhao Z, Zheng X, Han Z, Li Y, He H, Lin T, Xu H. Polystyrene microplastics enhanced the effect of PFOA on Chlorella sorokiniana: Perspective from the cellular and molecular levels. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133455. [PMID: 38211521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) commonly coexist with other contaminants and alter their toxicity. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an emerging pollutant, may interact with MPs but remain largely unknown about the joint toxicity of PFOA and MPs. Hence, this research explored the single and joint effects of PFOA and polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on microalgae (Chlorella sorokiniana) at the cellular and molecular levels. Results demonstrated that PS-MPs increased PFOA bioavailability by altering cell membrane permeability, thus aggravating biotoxicity (synergistic effect). Meanwhile, the defense mechanisms (antioxidant system modulation and extracellular polymeric substances secretion) of Chlorella sorokiniana were activated to alleviate toxicity. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis illustrated that co-exposure had more differential expression genes (DEGs; 4379 DEGs) than single-exposure (PFOA: 2533 DEGs; PS-MPs: 492 DEGs), which were mainly distributed in the GO terms associated with the membrane composition and antioxidant system. The molecular regulatory network further revealed that PS-MPs and PFOA primarily regulated the response mechanisms of Chlorella sorokiniana by altering the ribosome biogenesis, photosynthesis, citrate cycle, oxidative stress, and antioxidant system (antioxidant enzyme, glutathione-ascorbate cycle). These findings elucidated that PS-MPs enhanced the effect of PFOA, providing new insights into the influences of MPs and PFOA on algae and the risk assessment of multiple contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: MPs and PFAS, emerging contaminants, are difficult to degrade and pose a non-negligible threat to organisms. Co-pollution of MPs and PFAS is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, while risks of co-existence to organisms remain unknown. The present study revealed the toxicity and defense mechanisms of microalgae exposure to PS-MPs and PFOA from cellular and molecular levels. According to biochemical and transcriptomic analyses, PS-MPs increased PFOA bioavailability and enhanced the effect of PFOA on Chlorella sorokiniana, showing a synergistic effect. This research provides a basis for assessing the eco-environmental risks of MPs and PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Zongshuo Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Haidong He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Hang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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5
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El-Sheekh MM, AlKafaas SS, Rady HA, Abdelmoaty BE, Bedair HM, Ahmed AA, El-Saadony MT, AbuQamar SF, El-Tarabily KA. How Synthesis of Algal Nanoparticles Affects Cancer Therapy? - A Complete Review of the Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6601-6638. [PMID: 38026521 PMCID: PMC10644851 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s423171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The necessity to engineer sustainable nanomaterials for the environment and human health has recently increased. Due to their abundance, fast growth, easy cultivation, biocompatibility and richness of secondary metabolites, algae are valuable biological source for the green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). The aim of this review is to demonstrate the feasibility of using algal-based NPs for cancer treatment. Blue-green, brown, red and green micro- and macro-algae are the most commonly participating algae in the green synthesis of NPs. In this process, many algal bioactive compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, alkaloids, flavonoids and phenols, can catalyze the reduction of metal ions to NPs. In addition, many driving factors, including pH, temperature, duration, static conditions and substrate concentration, are involved to facilitate the green synthesis of algal-based NPs. Here, the biosynthesis, mechanisms and applications of algal-synthesized NPs in cancer therapy have been critically discussed. We also reviewed the effective role of algal synthesized NPs as anticancer treatment against human breast, colon and lung cancers and carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Samar Sami AlKafaas
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Hadeer A Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Bassant E Abdelmoaty
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Heba M Bedair
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Abdelhamid A Ahmed
- Plastic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Qu R, Chen M, Liu J, Xie Q, Liu N, Ge F. Blockage of ATPase-mediated energy supply inducing metabolic disturbances in algal cells under silver nanoparticles stress. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 131:141-150. [PMID: 37225375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation of aquatic organisms is often subject to nanoparticles (NPs) stress, involving extensive reprogramming of gene expression and changes in enzyme activity accompanied by metabolic disturbances. However, little is known about the mechanism of energy supply by ATP to regulate the metabolism of aquatic organisms under NPs stress. Here, we selected extensively existing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to investigate their implications on ATP generation and relevant metabolic pathways in alga (Chlorella vulgaris). Results showed that ATP content significantly decreased by 94.2% of the control (without AgNPs) in the algal cells at 0.20 mg/L AgNPs, which was mainly attributed to the reduction of chloroplast ATPase activity (81.4%) and the downregulation of ATPase-coding genes atpB and atpH (74.5%-82.8%) in chloroplast. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that AgNPs competed with the binding sites of substrates adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by forming a stable complex with ATPase subunit beta, potentially resulting in the reduced binding efficiency of substrates. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis proved that the ATP content positively correlated with the content of most differential metabolites such as D-talose, myo-inositol, and L-allothreonine. AgNPs remarkably inhibited ATP-involving metabolic pathways, including inositol phosphate metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, glycerophospholipid metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. These results could provide a deep understanding of energy supply in regulating metabolic disturbances under NPs stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohua Qu
- Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Mi Chen
- Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qiting Xie
- Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China..
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7
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Song J, Xu Z, Li H, Chen Y, Guo J. Visible-Light-Activated Carbon Dot Photocatalyst for ROS-Mediated Inhibition of Algae Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13509. [PMID: 37686316 PMCID: PMC10487890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing occurrence of detrimental algal blooms resulting from industrial and agricultural activities emphasizes the urgency of implementing efficient removal strategies. In this study, we have successfully synthesized stable and biocompatible carbon dots (R-CDs) capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon exposure to natural light irradiation. Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel (PGS) was selected as a representative model for conducting anti-algal experiments. Remarkably, in the presence of R-CDs, the complete eradication of harmful algae within a simulated light exposure period of 27 h was achieved. Furthermore, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was first employed to study the physiological processes involved in the oxidative stress induced by PGS when subjected to ROS attack. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of R-CDs as a highly promising anti-algal agent. This elucidation of the mechanism contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the efficacy and effectiveness of such agents in combating algal growth, further inspiring the development of other anti-algal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (Z.X.); (J.G.)
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (J.S.); (Z.X.); (J.G.)
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8
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Komazec B, Cvjetko P, Balen B, Letofsky-Papst I, Lyons DM, Peharec Štefanić P. The Occurrence of Oxidative Stress Induced by Silver Nanoparticles in Chlorella vulgaris Depends on the Surface-Stabilizing Agent. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1967. [PMID: 37446486 DOI: 10.3390/nano13131967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of great interest due to their antimicrobial properties, but their reactivity and toxicity pose a significant risk to aquatic ecosystems. In biological systems, AgNPs tend to aggregate and dissolve, so they are often stabilized by agents that affect their physicochemical properties. In this study, microalga Chlorella vulgaris was used as a model organism to evaluate the effects of AgNPs in aquatic habitats. Algae were exposed to AgNPs stabilized with citrate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) agents and to AgNO3 at concentrations that allowed 75% cell survival after 72 h. To investigate algal response, silver accumulation, ROS content, damage to biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and DNA), activity of antioxidant enzymes (APX, PPX, CAT, SOD), content of non-enzymatic antioxidants (proline and GSH), and changes in ultrastructure were analyzed. The results showed that all treatments induced oxidative stress and adversely affected algal cells. AgNO3 resulted in the fastest death of algae compared to both AgNPs, but the extent of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzymatic defense was similar to AgNP-citrate. Furthermore, AgNP-CTAB showed the least toxic effect and caused the least oxidative damage. These results highlight the importance of surface-stabilizing agents in determining the phytotoxicity of AgNPs and the underlying mechanisms affecting aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Komazec
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Cvjetko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Biljana Balen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilse Letofsky-Papst
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Austrian Cooperative Research (ACR), Graz University of Technology, Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Daniel Mark Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, G. Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Petra Peharec Štefanić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Zhou G, Xu L, Wang H, Sun A, Wang Y, Li X, Jiang R. Different responses of Chlorella vulgaris to silver nanoparticles and silver ions under modulation of nitric oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:64536-64546. [PMID: 37071354 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are widely used in daily life because of their antibacterial properties. A fraction of Ag-NPs are released into the ecosystem during their production and utilization. The toxicity of Ag-NPs has been reported. However, it is still disputed whether the toxicity is mainly due to the released silver ions (Ag+). In addition, few studies have reported the response of algae to metal nanoparticles under modulation of nitric oxide (NO). In this study, Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) was used as a model organism to study the toxic effects of Ag-NPs and Ag+ released from Ag-NPs on algae under the modulation of NO. The results showed that the biomass inhibition rate of Ag-NPs (44.84%) to C. vulgaris was higher than that of Ag+ (7.84%). Compared with Ag+, Ag-NPs induced more severe damage to photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic system II (PSII) performance, and lipid peroxidation. More serious damage to cell permeability led to higher internalization of Ag under Ag-NPs stress. Application of exogenous NO reduced the inhibition ratio of photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll autofluorescence. Further, NO reduced the MDA levels by scavenging reactive oxygen species induced by Ag-NPs. NO modulated the secretion of extracellular polymers and hampered the internalization of Ag. All these results showed that NO alleviates the toxicity of Ag-NPs to C. vulgaris. However, NO did not improve the toxic effects of Ag+. Our results provide new insights into the toxicity mechanism of Ag-NPs to algae modulated by the signal molecule NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Zhou
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Limei Xu
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Aoxue Sun
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Ruixue Jiang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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10
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Li C, Li P, Fu H, Chen J, Ye M, Zhai S, Hu F, Zhang C, Ge Y, Fortin C. A comparative study of the accumulation and detoxification of copper and zinc in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: The role of extracellular polymeric substances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:161995. [PMID: 36739008 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) form an interface between microalgae and the surrounding water environment. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are essential micronutrients but may negatively affect microbial growth when their concentrations reach toxic thresholds. However, how EPS affect the accumulation and resistance of Cu and Zn in microalgae remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated EPS production upon Cu/Zn exposure and compared the tolerance strategies to the two metals by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with and without EPS. Microalgal EPS synthesis was induced by Cu/Zn treatments, and the functional groups of polysaccharides and proteins were involved in complexation with metal ions. The extraction of EPS aggravated the toxicity and reduced the removal of metals from solution, but the effect was more pronounced for Cu than for Zn. Copper bound on the cell surface accounted for 54.6 ± 2.0 % of the Cu accumulated by C. reinhardtii, whose EPS components strongly correlated with Cu adsorption. In contrast, 74.3 ± 3.0 % of accumulated Zn was absorbed in cells, and glutathione synthesis was significantly induced. Redundancy and linear correlation analyses showed that the polysaccharide, protein and DNA contents in EPS were significantly correlated with Cu accumulation, absorption and adsorption but not with Zn. Data fitted to a Michaelis-Menten model further showed that the EPS-intact cells had higher binding capacity for Cu2+ but not for Zn2+. These differential impacts of EPS on Cu/Zn sorption and detoxification contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the roles of microalgal EPS in the biogeochemical cycle of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghua Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peihuan Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongxuan Fu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiale Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Menglei Ye
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Suhua Zhai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fan Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Demonstration Laboratory of Element and Life Science Research, Laboratory Centre of Life Science, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Ge
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Claude Fortin
- EcotoQ, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
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Zhao Z, Zheng X, Han Z, Yang S, Zhang H, Lin T, Zhou C. Response mechanisms of Chlorella sorokiniana to microplastics and PFOA stress: Photosynthesis, oxidative stress, extracellular polymeric substances and antioxidant system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138256. [PMID: 36858114 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Co-pollution of microplastics and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is prevailing in the aquatic environment. However, the risks of coexisting microplastics and PFAS on organisms remain unknown. This study investigated the response mechanisms of Chlorella sorokiniana (C. sorokiniana) under polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) stress, including toxicity and defense mechanisms. C. sorokiniana was exposed to PS-MPs (10 mg/L) and PFOA (0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg/L) and their mixtures for 96 h, respectively. We found that the dominant toxicity mechanism of PFOA and PS-MPs to C. sorokiniana was dissimilar. PS-MPs mainly inhibited photosynthesis through shading effect, while PFOA mainly induced oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species. The co-exposure of PFOA and PS-MPs aggravated biotoxicity (maximum inhibition rate: 27.27 ± 2.44%), such as photosynthesis inhibition, physical damage, and oxidative stress, compared with individuals. To alleviate toxicity, C. sorokiniana activated defense mechanisms. Extracellular polymeric substances were the first barrier to protect cells, the effect on its secretion was ordered PS-MPs+5PFOA > PS-MPs > 5PFOA, and IBRv2 values were 2.37, 1.35, 1.11, respectively. Antioxidant system was thought of second defense pathway, the influence order of treatment groups was PS-MPs+5PFOA > 5PFOA > PS-MPs, and its IBRv2 values were 2.89, 1.69, 0.25, respectively. Our findings provide valuable information on the complex impacts of PFOA and PS-MPs, which facilitate the ecological risk assessment of multiple pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Zongshuo Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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12
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Photosynthetic and transcriptomic responses of Chlorella sp. to tigecycline. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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13
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Liu S, Zhang X, Zeng K, He C, Huang Y, Xin G, Huang X. Insights into eco-corona formation and its role in the biological effects of nanomaterials from a molecular mechanisms perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159867. [PMID: 36334667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Broad application of nanotechnology inevitably results in the release of nanomaterials (NMs) into the aquatic environment, and the negative effects of NMs on aquatic organisms have received much attention. Notably, in the natural aquatic environment, ubiquitous ecological macromolecules (i.e., natural organic matter, extracellular polymeric substances, proteins, and metabolites) can easily adsorb onto the surfaces of NMs and form an "eco-corona". As most NMs have such an eco-corona modification, the properties of their eco-corona significantly determine the fate and ecotoxicity of NMs in the natural aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the role of the eco-corona to evaluate the environmental risks NMs pose. However, studies on the mechanism of eco-corona formation and its resulting nanotoxicity on aquatic organisms, especially at molecular levels, are rare. This review systemically summarizes the mechanisms of eco-corona formation by several typical ecological macromolecules. In addition, the similarities and differences in nanotoxicity between pristine and corona-coated NMs to aquatic organisms at different trophic levels were compared. Finally, recent findings about potential mechanisms on how NM coronas act on aquatic organisms are discussed, including cellular internalization, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity. The literature shows that 1) the formation of an eco-corona on NMs and its biological effect highly depend on both the composition and conformation of macromolecules; 2) both feeding behavior and body size of aquatic organisms at different trophic levels result in different responses to corona-coated NMs; 3) genotoxicity can be used as a promising biological endpoint for evaluating the role of eco-coronas in natural waters. This review provides informative insight for a better understanding of the role of eco-corona plays in the nanotoxicity of NMs to aquatic organisms which will aid the safe use of NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saibo Liu
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Kai Zeng
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Chuntao He
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yichao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guorong Xin
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Agriculture, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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