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Tan JY, Yue ZC, Li ST, Pan YY, Chu ZY, Ban YH, Xu ZY. Alleviation of Salt Stress and Changes in Glycyrrhizic Acid Accumulation by Dark Septate Endophytes in Glycyrrhiza glabra Grown under Salt Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14557-14569. [PMID: 38957088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which dark septate endophytes (DSE) regulate salt tolerance and the accumulation of bioactive constituents in licorice. First, the salt stress tolerance and resynthesis with the plant effect of isolated DSE from wild licorice were tested. Second, the performance of licorice inoculated with DSE, which had the best salt-tolerant and growth-promoting effects, was examined under salt stress. All isolated DSE showed salt tolerance and promoted plant growth, withCurvularia lunata D43 being the most effective. Under salt stress, C. lunata D43 could promote growth, increase antioxidant enzyme activities, enhance glycyrrhizic acid accumulation, improve key enzyme activities in the glycyrrhizic acid synthesis pathway, and induce the expression of the key enzyme gene and salt tolerance gene of licorice. The structural equation model demonstrated that DSE alleviate the negative effects of salt stress through direct and indirect pathways. Variations in key enzyme activities, gene expression, and bioactive constituent concentration can be attributed to the effects of DSE. These results contribute to revealing the value of DSE for cultivating medicinal plants in saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yuan Tan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng-Chu Yue
- Institute of WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Su-Tong Li
- Institute of WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yue-Yang Pan
- Institute of WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhen-Ya Chu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yi-Hui Ban
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
- Weihai Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Weihai 264300, China
| | - Zhou-Ying Xu
- Weihai Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Weihai 264300, China
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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Guillen-Otero T, Hertel D, Quintanilla LG, Lehnert M, Schmid M, Kharazishvili D, Fawcett S, Kessler M. Comparative analysis of mycorrhizal communities associated with Struthiopteris spicant (L.) Weiss across Europe and North America. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1402946. [PMID: 38899157 PMCID: PMC11186384 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1402946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Ferns constitute the second largest group of vascular plants. Previous studies have shown that the diversity and composition of fern communities are influenced by resource availability and water stress, among other factors. However, little is known about the influence of these environmental factors on their biotic interactions, especially regarding the relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and ferns. The present study compares the mycorrhizal communities associated with 36 populations of Struthiopteris spicant L. Weiss across Europe and North America. This species exhibits a great tolerance to variations in light, nutrient, and pH conditions, and it can survive with and without mycorrhizae. Methods With the aim of determining which environmental factors impact the composition and abundance of the root-associated fungal communities in this species, we used an ITS-focused metabarcoding approach to identify the mycorrhizal fungi present and analyzed the influence of climatic and edaphic variables at global and regional scales. Results and discussion We encountered striking differences in the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) between S. spicant populations at both spatial levels. We recorded a total of 902 fungal ASVs, but only 2- 4% of the total fungal diversity was observed in each individual, revealing that each fern had a unique fungal community. Light availability and the interactive action of pH and soil nitrogen concentration showed a positive influence on AMF relative abundance, explaining 89% of the variance. However, environmental factors could only explain 4- 8% of the variability in AMF community composition, indicating that it might be determined by stochastic processes. These results support the hypothesis that ferns may be more independent of mycorrhization than other plant groups and interact with fungi in a more opportunistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Guillen-Otero
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dietrich Hertel
- Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Luis G. Quintanilla
- School of Environmental Sciences and Technology, University Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Marcus Lehnert
- Geobotany and Botanical Garden Area, Herbarium, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Mattia Schmid
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davit Kharazishvili
- Deputy Director of Research management of the Batumi Botanical Garden, Batumi, Georgia
| | - Susan Fawcett
- University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Michael Kessler
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Huertas V, Jiménez A, Diánez F, Chelhaoui R, Santos M. Importance of Dark Septate Endophytes in Agriculture in the Face of Climate Change. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:329. [PMID: 38786684 PMCID: PMC11122602 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is a notable challenge for agriculture as it affects crop productivity and yield. Increases in droughts, salinity, and soil degradation are some of the major consequences of climate change. The use of microorganisms has emerged as an alternative to mitigate the effects of climate change. Among these microorganisms, dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have garnered increasing attention in recent years. Dark septate endophytes have shown a capacity for mitigating and reducing the harmful effects of climate change in agriculture, such as salinity, drought, and the reduced nutrient availability in the soil. Various studies show that their association with plants helps to reduce the harmful effects of abiotic stresses and increases the nutrient availability, enabling the plants to thrive under adverse conditions. In this study, the effect of DSEs and the underlying mechanisms that help plants to develop a higher tolerance to climate change were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mila Santos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (V.H.); (A.J.); (F.D.); (R.C.)
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Guillen T, Kessler M, Homeier J. Fern mycorrhizae do not respond to fertilization in a tropical montane forest. PLANT-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2024; 5:e10139. [PMID: 38560414 PMCID: PMC10979390 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Ferns are known to have a lower incidence of mycorrhization than angiosperms. It has been suggested that this results from carbon being more limiting to fern growth than nutrient availability, but this assertion has not been tested yet. In the present study, we took advantage of a fertilization experiment with nitrogen and phosphorus on cloud forest plots of the Ecuadorean Andes for 15 years. A previous analysis revealed changes in the abundances of fern species in the fertilized plots compared to the control plots and hypothesized that this might be related to the responses of the mycorrhizal relationships to nutrient availability. We revisited the plots to assess the root-associated fungal communities of two epiphytic and two terrestrial fern species that showed shifts in abundance. We sampled and analyzed the roots of 125 individuals following a metabarcoding approach. We recovered 1382 fungal ASVs, with a dominance of members of Tremellales (Basidiomycota) and Heliotales (Ascomycota). The fungal diversity was highly partitioned with little overlap between individuals. We found marked differences between terrestrial and epiphytic species, with the latter fundamentally missing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We found no effect of fertilization on the diversity or relative abundance of the fungal assemblages. Still, we observed a direct impact of phosphorus fertilization on its concentration in the fern leaves. We conclude that fern-fungi relationships in the study site are not restricted by nutrient availability and suggest the existence of little specificity on the fungal partners relative to the host fern species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Guillen
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Michael Kessler
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Faculty of Resource ManagementUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts (HAWK)GöttingenGermany
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Christian N, Perlin MH. Plant-endophyte communication: Scaling from molecular mechanisms to ecological outcomes. Mycologia 2024; 116:227-250. [PMID: 38380970 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2299658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Diverse communities of fungal endophytes reside in plant tissues, where they affect and are affected by plant physiology and ecology. For these intimate interactions to form and persist, endophytes and their host plants engage in intricate systems of communication. The conversation between fungal endophytes and plant hosts ultimately dictates endophyte community composition and function and has cascading effects on plant health and plant interactions. In this review, we synthesize our current knowledge on the mechanisms and strategies of communication used by endophytic fungi and their plant hosts. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of communication that lead to organ specificity of endophytic communities and distinguish endophytes, pathogens, and saprotrophs. We conclude by offering emerging perspectives on the relevance of plant-endophyte communication to microbial community ecology and plant health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Christian
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292
| | - Michael H Perlin
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292
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Becerra AG, Menoyo E, Faggioli V, Cabello M, Salazar MJ. Mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with three metal accumulator plants growing in an abandoned Pb smelting factory. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2979-2990. [PMID: 37864756 PMCID: PMC10689650 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants associated with mycorrhizal fungi has the ability to establish on metal-contaminated soils playing an important role in phytoremediation programs. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (spores density, diversity, indicator species, and root colonization) and dark septate endophytic fungi (DSE fungal root colonization) in three metal accumulator plants (Sorghum halepense, Bidens pilosa, and Tagetes minuta) growing in soils with high Pb content. The Pb content in AMF spores and plant biomass were also assessed. Rhizosphere soil samples were taken from the three dominant plant species at six study sites surrounding the abandoned Pb smelter and one uncontaminated site. The three studied plants were colonized by AMF and DSE fungi. A total of 24 AMF morphospecies were present in the Pb-contaminated areas. The AMF indicator species in the control site (non-contaminated area) was Funneliformis mosseae and in the most contaminated site were Gigaspora decipiens and Denticustata biornata. There was an increase in mycorrhizal variables such as the number of AMF vesicles, spore number, Pb content in AMF spores and plant biomass and DSE colonization (in Sorghum) with increasing soil Pb contamination, but a decrease in AMF diversity and richness was found. For upcoming soil restoration projects, it is crucial to understand the mycorrhizal fungi as well as the plant community that has adapted to the highly contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Gabriela Becerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Eugenia Menoyo
- Grupo de Estudios Ambientales (GEA), Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis (IMASL) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Valeria Faggioli
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, EEA Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 Km 36, 2580, Marcos Juárez, Argentina
| | - Marta Cabello
- Instituto Spegazzini, CICPBA, Av. 53 N° 477, B1900AVJ, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Julieta Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, Córdoba, Argentina
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Martins BR, Siani R, Treder K, Michałowska D, Radl V, Pritsch K, Schloter M. Cultivar-specific dynamics: unravelling rhizosphere microbiome responses to water deficit stress in potato cultivars. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:377. [PMID: 38036970 PMCID: PMC10691024 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that soil microbes can improve plant fitness under drought. However, in potato, the world's most important non-cereal crop, the role of the rhizosphere microbiome under drought has been poorly studied. Using a cultivation independent metabarcoding approach, we examined the rhizosphere microbiome of two potato cultivars with different drought tolerance as a function of water regime (continuous versus reduced watering) and manipulation of soil microbial diversity (i.e., natural (NSM), vs. disturbed (DSM) soil microbiome). RESULTS Water regime and soil pre-treatment showed a significant interaction with bacterial community composition of the sensitive (HERBST) but not the resistant cultivar (MONI). Overall, MONI had a moderate response to the treatments and its rhizosphere selected Rhizobiales under reduced watering in NSM soil, whereas Bradyrhizobium, Ammoniphilus, Symbiobacterium and unclassified Hydrogenedensaceae in DSM soil. In contrast, HERBST response to the treatments was more pronounced. Notably, in NSM soil treated with reduced watering, the root endophytic fungus Falciphora and many Actinobacteriota members (Streptomyces, Glycomyces, Marmoricola, Aeromicrobium, Mycobacterium and others) were largely represented. However, DSM soil treatment resulted in no fungal taxa and fewer enrichment of these Actinobacteriota under reduced watering. Moreover, the number of bacterial core amplicon sequence variants (core ASVs) was more consistent in MONI regardless of soil pre-treatment and water regimes as opposed to HERBST, in which a marked reduction of core ASVs was observed in DSM soil. CONCLUSIONS Besides the influence of soil conditions, our results indicate a strong cultivar-dependent relationship between the rhizosphere microbiome of potato cultivars and their capacity to respond to perturbations such as reduced soil moisture. Our study highlights the importance of integrating soil conditions and plant genetic variability as key factors in future breeding programs aiming to develop drought resistance in a major food crop like potato. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms how plants recruit microbes from soil which help to mitigate plant stress and to identify key microbial taxa, which harbour the respective traits might therefore be an important topic for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Renaud Martins
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Roberto Siani
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair for Environmental Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Treder
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute in Radzików, Bonin Division, Department of Potato Protection and Seed Science at Bonin, 76-009, Bonin, Bonin Str 3, Poland
| | - Dorota Michałowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute in Radzików, Bonin Division, Department of Potato Protection and Seed Science at Bonin, 76-009, Bonin, Bonin Str 3, Poland
| | - Viviane Radl
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karin Pritsch
- Research Unit for Environmental Simulation (EUS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair for Environmental Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Sun X, Zhao Y, Ding G. Morphogenesis and metabolomics reveal the compatible relationship among Suillus bovinus, Phialocephala fortinii, and their co-host, Pinus massoniana. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0145323. [PMID: 37676026 PMCID: PMC10580909 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01453-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSEs) can both form a symbiotic relationship with the same host plant. However, the interactions that occur among these two types of fungi and their co-hosts are largely unknown. Here, we investigated interactions that occur among the ECM fungus Suillus bovinus, the DSE Phialocephala fortinii, and their co-host Pinus massoniana. We used both scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy to characterize the morphogenesis of the two symbionts and employed the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique to assess the effects of fungal inoculation on the root metabolome. Under pure culture conditions, no synergistic or antagonistic effects were observed between Phi. fortinii and S. bovinus. Generally, S. bovinus and Phi. fortinii can simultaneously colonize P. massoniana roots without affecting each other's symbiotic processes. S. bovinus can colonize the root locus where Phi. fortinii has already invaded but not vice versa, which may be due to the physical barrier effect of the mantle. Both fungi can significantly promote the growth of P. massoniana, and they have a synergistic effect on host N and K uptake. Metabolite accumulation patterns in roots inoculated with Phi. fortinii and/or S. bovinus were greatly altered, especially with respect to organic acids, flavonoids, lipids, and phenolic acids. S. bovinus inoculation significantly enhanced root flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas Phi. fortinii and dual-inoculation treatments mainly induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. These findings reveal compatible relationships among P. massoniana, S. bovinus, and Phi. fortinii, and suggest a theoretical basis for ECM fungi and DSE co-application when cultivating seedlings. IMPORTANCE The prevalence of both ectomycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes in the roots of a wide spectrum of tree species is well recognized. In this study, we investigated the interactions that occur among the ECM fungus S. bovinus, the DSE Phi. fortinii, and their co-host, P. massoniana. The two fungi can simultaneously colonize P. massoniana roots without affecting each other's symbiotic processes. S. bovinus appears to be superior to Phi. fortinii in microniche competition, which may be due to the physical barrier effect of the mantle. The two fungi have different effects on root metabolite accumulation patterns. S. bovinus inoculation significantly enhanced root flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas Phi. fortinii and dual-inoculation treatments mainly induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This is the first study revealing the morphological and metabolic mechanisms that contribute to the compatible relationship among ECM fungi, DSEs, and their co-host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueguang Sun
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanzhen Zhao
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guijie Ding
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Ajeethan N, Ali S, Fuller KD, Abbey L, Yurgel SN. Apple Root Microbiome as Indicator of Plant Adaptation to Apple Replant Diseased Soils. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1372. [PMID: 37374874 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The tree fruit industry in Nova Scotia, Canada, is dominated by the apple (Malus domestica) sector. However, the sector is faced with numerous challenges, including apple replant disease (ARD), which is a well-known problem in areas with intensive apple cultivation. A study was performed using 16S rRNA/18S rRNA and 16S rRNA/ITS2 amplicon sequencing to assess soil- and root-associated microbiomes, respectively, from mature apple orchards and soil microbiomes alone from uncultivated soil. The results indicated significant (p < 0.05) differences in soil microbial community structure and composition between uncultivated soil and cultivated apple orchard soil. We identified an increase in the number of potential pathogens in the orchard soil compared to uncultivated soil. At the same time, we detected a significant (p < 0.05) increase in relative abundances of several potential plant-growth-promoting or biocontrol microorganisms and non-fungal eukaryotes capable of promoting the proliferation of bacterial biocontrol agents in orchard soils. Additionally, the apple roots accumulated several potential PGP bacteria from Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla, while the relative abundances of fungal taxa with the potential to contribute to ARD, such as Nectriaceae and plant pathogenic Fusarium spp., were decreased in the apple root microbiome compared to the soil microbiome. The results suggest that the health of a mature apple tree can be ascribed to a complex interaction between potential pathogenic and plant growth-promoting microorganisms in the soil and on apple roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivethika Ajeethan
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro NS B2N 5E3, Canada
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Jaffna, Kilinochchi 44000, Sri Lanka
| | - Shawkat Ali
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville NS B4N 1J5, Canada
| | - Keith D Fuller
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville NS B4N 1J5, Canada
| | - Lord Abbey
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Svetlana N Yurgel
- USDA, ARS, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA
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Ou T, Zhang M, Gao H, Wang F, Xu W, Liu X, Wang L, Wang R, Xie J. Study on the Potential for Stimulating Mulberry Growth and Drought Tolerance of Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044090. [PMID: 36835498 PMCID: PMC9966926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress often leads to heavy losses in mulberry planting, especially for fruits and leaves. Application of plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) endows various plant beneficial traits to overcome adverse environmental conditions, but little is known about the effects on mulberry under drought stress. In the present study, we isolated 64 fungi from well-growing mulberry trees surviving periodical drought stress, and Talaromyces sp. GS1, Pseudeurotium sp. GRs12, Penicillium sp. GR19, and Trichoderma sp. GR21 were screened out due to their strong potential in plant growth promotion. Co-cultivation assay revealed that PGPF stimulated mulberry growth, exhibiting increased biomass and length of stems and roots. Exogenous application of PGPF could alter fungal community structures in the rhizosphere soils, wherein Talaromyces was obviously enhanced after inoculation of Talaromyces sp. GS1, and Peziza was increased in the other treatments. Moreover, PGPF could promote iron and phosphorus absorption of mulberry as well. Additionally, the mixed suspensions of PGPF induced the production of catalase, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll, which in turn enhanced the drought tolerance of mulberry and accelerated their growth recovery after drought. Collectively, these findings might provide new insights into improving mulberry drought tolerance and further boosting mulberry fruit yields by exploiting interactions between hosts and PGPF.
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Mikheev VS, Struchkova IV, Ageyeva MN, Brilkina AA, Berezina EV. The Role of Phialocephala fortinii in Improving Plants' Phosphorus Nutrition: New Puzzle Pieces. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1225. [PMID: 36422046 PMCID: PMC9695368 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants' mineral nutrition in acidic soils can be facilitated by phosphate solubilizing fungi inhabiting the root systems of these plants. We attempt to find dark septate endophyte (DSE) isolates in the roots of wild-heather plants, which are capable of improving plants' phosphorus nutrition levels. Bright-field and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for the visualization of endophytes. A model system of co-cultivation with Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. was used to study a fungal isolate's ability to supply plants with phosphorus. Fungal phytase activity and phosphorus content in plants were estimated spectrophotometrically. In V. vitis-idaea L. roots, we obtained a Phialocephala fortinii Wang, Wilcox DSE2 isolate with acid phytase activity (maximum 6.91 ± 0.17 U on 21st day of cultivation on potato-dextrose broth medium) and the ability to accumulate polyphosphates in hyphae cells. The ability of the isolate to increase both phosphorus accumulation and biomass in V. macrocarpon is also shown. The data obtained for the same isolate, as puzzle pieces put together, indicate the possible mediation of P. fortinii DSE2 isolate in the process of phosphorus intake from inorganic soil reserves to plants.
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