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Marinaro C, Marino A, Bianchi AR, Berman B, Trifuoggi M, Marano A, Palumbo G, Chianese T, Scudiero R, Rosati L, De Maio A, Lettieri G, Piscopo M. Molecular and toxicological mechanisms behind the effects of chromium (VI) on the male reproductive system of Mytilus galloprovincialis: First evidence for poly-ADP-ribosylation of protamine-like II. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 401:111186. [PMID: 39116916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the molecular mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity in invertebrate reproduction are limited. Given that PARP-catalysed ADP-ribosylation is also involved in counteracting heavy metal toxicity and maintaining genomic integrity, and that PARylation is implicated in chromatin remodelling but its role in sperm chromatin remains to be elucidated, we investigated the effects of chromium(VI) at 1, 10 and 100 nM on the reproductive health of Mytilus galloprovincialis. The damage to the gonads was assessed by morphological analyses and the damage indices PARP and ɣH2A.X were measured. Changes in the binding of protamine-like (PL) to DNA and the possibility of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PL proteins were also investigated. Gonadal chromium accumulation and morphological damage were found, especially when the mussels were exposed to the highest dose of chromium(VI). In addition, the maximum expression of gonadal ɣH2A.X and PARP were obtained at 100 and 10 nM Cr(VI), respectively. Interestingly, for the first time in all exposed conditions, poly(ADP)-ribosylation was detected on PL-II, which, together with PL-III and PL-IV, are the major nuclear basic proteins of Mytilus galloprovincialis sperm chromatin. Since PL-II is involved in the final high level of sperm chromatin compaction, this post-translational modification altered the binding of the PL protein to DNA, favouring the action of micrococcal nuclease on sperm chromatin. This study provides new insights into the effects of chromium(VI) on Mytilus galloprovincialis reproductive system and proposes a molecular mechanism hypothesis describing the toxic effects of this metal on PL-DNA binding, sperm chromatin and gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Marinaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Marino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Berman
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 21,80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 21,80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Palumbo
- Commodity Science Laboratory, Department of Economics, Management and Institutions, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Chianese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Scudiero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy; CIRAM, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Ambiente", University Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna De Maio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Lettieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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2
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Firdous SM, Pal S, Khanam S, Zakir F. Behavioral neuroscience in zebrafish: unravelling the complexity of brain-behavior relationships. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03275-5. [PMID: 38970686 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
This paper reviews the utility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model system for exploring neurobehavioral phenomena in preclinical research, focusing on physiological processes, disorders, and neurotoxicity biomarkers. A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted to summarize the various behavioral characteristics of zebrafish. The study examined the etiological agents used to induce neurotoxicity and the biomarkers involved, including Aβ42, tau, MMP-13, MAO, NF-Кβ, and GFAP. Additionally, the different zebrafish study models and their responses to neurobehavioral analysis were discussed. The review identified several key biomarkers of neurotoxicity in zebrafish, each impacting different aspects of neurogenesis, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Aβ42 was found to alter neuronal growth and stem cell function. Tau's interaction with tubulin affected microtubule stability and led to tauopathies under pathological conditions. MMP-13 was linked to oxidative assault and sensory neuron degeneration. MAO plays a role in neurotransmitter metabolism and neurotoxicity conversion. NF-Кβ was involved in pro-inflammatory pathways, and GFAP was indicative of neuroinflammation and astroglial activation. Zebrafish provide a valuable model for neurobehavioral research, adhering to the "3Rs" philosophy. Their neurotoxicity biomarkers offer insights into the mechanisms of neurogenesis, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. This model system aids in evaluating physiological and pathological conditions, enhancing our understanding of neurobehavioral phenomena and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mohammed Firdous
- Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology & AHS, Uluberia, Howrah, 711316, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sourav Pal
- P.G. Institute of Medical Sciences, Dhurabila, Dhamkuria, Paschim Medinipur: 72:1201, Chandrakona Town, West Bengal, India
| | - Sofia Khanam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Foziyah Zakir
- Department of B.Pharm (Ayurveda), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
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Guglielmi MV, Mastrodonato M, Semeraro D, Mentino D, Capriello T, La Pietra A, Giarra A, Scillitani G, Ferrandino I. Aluminum exposure alters the pedal mucous secretions of the chocolate-band snail, Eobania vermiculata (Gastropoda: Helicidae). Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1453-1466. [PMID: 38407429 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is used in everyday life and present in food drugs, packaging, industry, and agriculture. Although it is the most common metal in the Earth crust, a correlation has been demonstrated between its presence and various pathologies, even serious ones, especially of a neurological type. However, there is a histological gap regarding the role Al can have in contact with the covering and secreting epithelia. The alterations of the ventral and dorsal foot mucocytes and their secretions of the snail Eobania vermiculata caused by Al were investigated in situ by histochemical and lectin-histochemical techniques. Administration to different experimental groups took place for 3 and 9 days with 50 and 200 μM of AlCl3. Several types of mucocytes were detected with a prevalent secretion of acid glycans in the foot of E. vermiculata. Sulfated glycans prevail in the dorsal region, with one type showing only fucosylated residues and another also having galactosaminylated and glycosaminylated residues. Carboxylated glycans prevail in the ventral region, with presence of galactosaminylated, glycosaminylated, and fucosylated residuals in both cells. Snails treated presented a general decrease of mucin amount in the secreting cells and affected the mucus composition. These changes could alter the rheological and functional properties of the mucus with possible implications for the health of the treated animals. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Snails were fed with Al-contaminated lettuce at different concentrations. In the foot mucocytes produced mucus with prevailing acidic glycans. In the treated resulted a reduction in the amount of mucus and an alteration of glycan composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vito Guglielmi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Mastrodonato
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Semeraro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Donatella Mentino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scillitani
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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La Pietra A, Imperatore R, Coccia E, Mobilio T, Ferrandino I, Paolucci M. Comparative Study of Condensed and Hydrolysable Tannins during the Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7063. [PMID: 39000172 PMCID: PMC11241311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present data on the effects of condensed tannins (CTs) and hydrolysable tannins (HTs), polyphenols extracted from plants, at different concentrations on zebrafish development to identify the range of concentrations with toxic effects. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to CTs and HTs at two different concentration ranges (5.0-20.0 μgL-1 and 5.0-20.0 mgL-1) for 72 h. The toxicity parameters were observed up to 72 h of treatment. The uptake of CTs and HTs by the zebrafish larvae was assessed via HPLC analysis. A qRT-PCR analysis was performed to evaluate the expressions of genes cd63, zhe1, and klf4, involved in the hatching process of zebrafish. CTs and HTs at 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μgL-1 were not toxic. On the contrary, at 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mgL-1, HTs induced a delay in hatching starting from 48 h of treatment, while CTs showed a delay in hatching mainly at 48 h. The analysis of gene expression showed a downregulation in the group exposed to HTs, confirming the hatching data. We believe that this study is important for defining the optimal doses of CTs and HTs to be employed in different application fields such as the chemical industry, the animal feed industry, and medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Imperatore
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Elena Coccia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Teresa Mobilio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Yu G, Wu L, Su Q, Ji X, Zhou J, Wu S, Tang Y, Li H. Neurotoxic effects of heavy metal pollutants in the environment: Focusing on epigenetic mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123563. [PMID: 38355086 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment is a significant global environmental issue, characterized by its extensive distribution, severe contamination, and profound ecological impacts. Excessive exposure to heavy metal pollutants can damage the nervous system. However, the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of most heavy metals are not completely understood. Epigenetics is defined as a heritable change in gene function that can influence gene and subsequent protein expression levels without altering the DNA sequence. Growing evidence indicates that heavy metals can induce neurotoxic effects by triggering epigenetic changes and disrupting the epigenome. Compared with genetic changes, epigenetic alterations are more easily reversible. Epigenetic reprogramming techniques, drugs, and certain nutrients targeting specific epigenetic mechanisms involved in gene expression regulation are emerging as potential preventive or therapeutic tools for diseases. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of epigenetic modifications encompassing DNA/RNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in the nervous system, elucidating their association with various heavy metal exposures. These primarily include manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), sliver (Ag), toxic metalloids arsenic (As), and etc. The potential epigenetic mechanisms in the etiology, precision prevention, and target therapy of various neurodevelopmental disorders or different neurodegenerative diseases are emphasized. In addition, the current gaps in research and future areas of study are discussed. From a perspective on epigenetics, this review offers novel insights for prevention and treatment of neurotoxicity induced by heavy metal pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Yu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xianqi Ji
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jinfu Zhou
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Maternity and Child Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Fujian Center for Prevention and Control Occupational Diseases and Chemical Poisoning, Fuzhou 350125, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Zhang Z, Li X, Ma L, Wang S, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Guo X, Niu Q. LNC000152 Mediates Aluminum-Induced Proliferation of Reactive Astrocytes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11958-11968. [PMID: 38496998 PMCID: PMC10938322 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum is a metal element with significant neurotoxicity, and there is a substantial correlation between aluminum exposure and cognitive dysfunction. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is widely used as a marker of reactive astrocyte proliferation in response to pathological injury of the central nervous system. Studies of various neurodegenerative diseases have confirmed that the expression changes in GFAP are associated with nerve injury. We investigated the role of LNC000152 in the aluminum-induced reactive proliferation of astrocytes. By establishing two aluminum-exposed cell models of rat primary astrocytes and CTX-TNA2 cell lines, we examined the expression of LNC000152 and GFAP and detected cell proliferation with EdU and cell cycle changes with flow cytometry. The role of aluminum in promoting glial cell proliferation was verified; the expression levels of LNC000152 and GFAP increased with the concentration of aluminum exposure. Intervention of LNC000152 expression by siRNA technology revealed that LNC000152 affected glial cell responsive proliferation by influencing GFAP expression. These results suggest that LNC000152 plays a role in the reactive proliferation of astrocytes induced by aluminum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Zhang
- Department
of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department
of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Limin Ma
- Department
of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Section
of Occupational Medicine, Department of Special Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- Section
of Occupational Medicine, Department of Special Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department
of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department
of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department
of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
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7
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Bjørklund G, Đorđević AB, Hamdan H, Wallace DR, Peana M. Metal-induced autoimmunity in neurological disorders: A review of current understanding and future directions. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103509. [PMID: 38159894 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmunity is a multifaceted disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, and metal exposure has been implicated as a potential catalyst, especially in autoimmune diseases affecting the central nervous system. Notably, metals like mercury, lead, and aluminum exhibit well-established neurotoxic effects, yet the precise mechanisms by which they elicit autoimmune responses in susceptible individuals remain unclear. Recent studies propose that metal-induced autoimmunity may arise from direct toxic effects on immune cells and tissues, coupled with indirect impacts on the gut microbiome and the blood-brain barrier. These effects can activate self-reactive T cells, prompting the production of autoantibodies, inflammatory responses, and tissue damage. Diagnosing metal-induced autoimmunity proves challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and a lack of reliable biomarkers. Treatment typically involves chelation therapy to eliminate excess metals and immunomodulatory agents to suppress autoimmune responses. Prevention strategies include lifestyle adjustments to reduce metal exposure and avoiding occupational and environmental risks. Prognosis is generally favorable with proper treatment; however, untreated cases may lead to autoimmune disorder progression and irreversible organ damage, particularly in the brain. Future research aims to identify genetic and environmental risk factors, enhance diagnostic precision, and explore novel treatment approaches for improved prevention and management of this intricate and debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | | | - Halla Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - David R Wallace
- Department of Pharmacology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy.
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8
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La Pietra A, Fasciolo G, Lucariello D, Motta CM, Venditti P, Ferrandino I. Polystyrene microplastics effects on zebrafish embryological development: Comparison of two different sizes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104371. [PMID: 38244881 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics have become a great worldwide problem and it's therefore important to study their possible effects on human and environmental health. In this study, zebrafish embryos were used to compare two different sizes of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), 1 µm and 3 µm respectively, at 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mgL-1, and were monitored up to 72 h. Toxicity tests demonstrated that neither of the PS-MPs altered the embryos' survival and the normal hatching process. Instead, higher concentrations of both sizes caused an increase of the heart rate and phenotypic changes. The PS-MPs of both sizes entered and accumulated in the larvae at the concentration of 10.0 mgL-1 and the same concentration caused an increase of apoptotic processes correlated to redox homeostasis changes. The reported results give a realistic view of the negative effects of exposure to PS-MPs and provide new information on their toxicity, also considering their sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Marinaro C, Lettieri G, Chianese T, Bianchi AR, Zarrelli A, Palatucci D, Scudiero R, Rosati L, De Maio A, Piscopo M. Exploring the molecular and toxicological mechanism associated with interactions between heavy metals and the reproductive system of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109778. [PMID: 37866452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
A large number of heavy metals resulted toxic to the reproductive system, but invertebrate infertility has been poorly explored, and above all, there are limited molecular, cellular and toxicological studies. In the present work, we exposed Mytilus galloprovincialis to three individual metal chlorides (CuCl2 15 μM, CdCl2 1.5 μM, NiCl2 15 μM) and their mixture for 24 h, to evaluate the effects on the protamine-like proteins (PLs), sperm DNA and on their interaction in the formation of sperm chromatin. Under all exposure conditions, but particularly after exposure to the metals mix, relevant changes in the electrophoretic pattern, by AU-PAGE and SDS-PAGE, and in fluorescence spectroscopy measurements of PLs were shown. In addition, alterations in DNA binding of these proteins were observed by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) and through their release from sperm nuclei. Moreover, there was evidence of increased accessibility of micrococcal nuclease to sperm chromatin, which was also confirmed by toluidine blue staining. Furthermore, morphological analyses indicated severe gonadal impairments which was also corroborated by increased PARP expression, by Western blotting, and sperm DNA fragmentation, by comet assay. Finally, we investigated the expression of stress genes, gst, hsp70 and mt10, in gonadal tissue. The latter investigations also showed that exposure to this metals mix was more harmful than exposure to the individual metals tested. The present results suggest that these metals and in particular their mixture could have a negative impact on the reproductive fitness of M. galloprovincialis. Based on these evidences, we propose a molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Marinaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Lettieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Chianese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Palatucci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Scudiero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Maio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.
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10
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Haridevamuthu B, Raj D, Kesavan D, Muthuraman S, Kumar RS, Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Almutairi BO, Arokiyaraj S, Gopinath P, Arockiaraj J. Trihydroxy piperlongumine protects aluminium induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish: Behavioral and biochemical approach. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 268:109600. [PMID: 36889534 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is proven to be a potent environmental neurotoxin involved in progressive neurodegeneration. Al primarily induces oxidative stress by free radical generation in the brain, followed by neuronal apoptosis. Antioxidants are promising therapeutic options for Al toxicity. Piperlongumine is traditionally long known for its medicinal properties. Therefore, the present study has been designed to explore the antioxidant role of trihydroxy piperlongumine (THPL) against Al-induced neurotoxicity in the zebrafish model. Zebrafish exposed to AlCl3 exhibited higher oxidative stress and altered locomotion. Adult fish displayed anxiety comorbid with depression phenotype. THPL increases antioxidant enzyme activity by quenching Al-induced free radicals and lipid peroxidation, thus minimizing oxidative damage in the brain. THPL rescues behavior deficits and improves anxiety-like phenotype in adult fish. Histological alterations caused by Al were also attenuated on administration with THPL. Results of the study demonstrate the neuroprotective role of THPL against Al-induced oxidative damage and anxiety, which could be exploited as a psychopharmacological drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Haridevamuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. https://twitter.com/haridevamuthub
| | - David Raj
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Kesavan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramani Muthuraman
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University Chennai Campus, Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Saravana Kumar
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University Chennai Campus, Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Abdullah Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Pushparathinam Gopinath
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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11
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Bianchi AR, La Pietra A, Guerretti V, De Maio A, Capriello T, Ferrandino I. Synthesis and Degradation of Poly(ADP-ribose) in Zebrafish Brain Exposed to Aluminum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108766. [PMID: 37240112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADPribosyl)ation is a post-translational protein modification, catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPs) enzymes, responsible for ADP-ribose polymer synthesis (PAR) from NAD+. PAR turnover is assured by poly(ADPR) glycohydrolase (PARGs) enzymes. In our previous study, the altered histology of zebrafish brain tissue, resulting in demyelination and neurodegeneration also with poly(ADPribosyl)ation hyperactivation, was demonstrated after aluminum (Al) exposure for 10 and 15 days. On the basis of this evidence, the aim of the present research was to study the synthesis and degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) in the brain of adult zebrafish exposed to 11 mg/L of Al for 10, 15, and 20 days. For this reason, PARP and PARG expression analyses were carried out, and ADPR polymers were synthesized and digested. The data showed the presence of different PARP isoforms, among which a human PARP1 counterpart was also expressed. Moreover, the highest PARP and PARG activity levels, responsible for the PAR production and its degradation, respectively, were measured after 10 and 15 days of exposure. We suppose that PARP activation is related to DNA damage induced by Al, while PARG activation is needed to avoid PAR accumulation, which is known to inhibit PARP and promote parthanatos. On the contrary, PARP activity decrease at longer exposure times suggests that neuronal cells could adopt the stratagem of reducing polymer synthesis to avoid energy expenditure and allow cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra La Pietra
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Guerretti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Maio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
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12
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Bryliński Ł, Kostelecka K, Woliński F, Duda P, Góra J, Granat M, Flieger J, Teresiński G, Buszewicz G, Sitarz R, Baj J. Aluminium in the Human Brain: Routes of Penetration, Toxicity, and Resulting Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087228. [PMID: 37108392 PMCID: PMC10139039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is the most ubiquitous metal in the Earth's crust. Even though its toxicity is well-documented, the role of Al in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases remains debatable. To establish the basic framework for future studies, we review literature reports on Al toxicokinetics and its role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and dialysis encephalopathy (DE) from 1976 to 2022. Despite poor absorption via mucosa, the biggest amount of Al comes with food, drinking water, and inhalation. Vaccines introduce negligible amounts of Al, while the data on skin absorption (which might be linked with carcinogenesis) is limited and requires further investigation. In the above-mentioned diseases, the literature shows excessive Al accumulation in the central nervous system (AD, AUD, MS, PD, DE) and epidemiological links between greater Al exposition and their increased prevalence (AD, PD, DE). Moreover, the literature suggests that Al has the potential as a marker of disease (AD, PD) and beneficial results of Al chelator use (such as cognitive improvement in AD, AUD, MS, and DE cases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Bryliński
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kostelecka
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Filip Woliński
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Duda
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Góra
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Granat
- Student Scientific Group, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Buszewicz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Sitarz
- I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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13
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A Molecular Mechanism to Explain the Nickel-Induced Changes in Protamine-like Proteins and Their DNA Binding Affecting Sperm Chromatin in Mytilus galloprovincialis: An In Vitro Study. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030520. [PMID: 36979455 PMCID: PMC10046793 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nickel is associated with reproductive toxicity, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms of nickel-induced effects on sperm chromatin and protamine-like proteins (PLs). In the present work, we analyzed PLs from Mytilus galloprovincialis by urea-acetic acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (AU-PAGE) and SDS-PAGE and assessed their binding to DNA by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) after exposing mussels to 5, 15, and 35 µM NiCl2 for 24 h. In addition, a time course of digestion with MNase and release of PLs from sperm nuclei by the NaCl gradient was performed. For all exposure doses, in AU-PAGE, there was an additional migrating band between PL-III and PL-IV, corresponding to a fraction of PLs in the form of peptides detected by SDS-PAGE. Alterations in DNA binding of PLs were observed by EMSA after exposure to 5 and 15 µM NiCl2, while, at all NiCl2 doses, increased accessibility of MNase to sperm chromatin was found. The latter was particularly relevant at 15 µM NiCl2, a dose at which increased release of PLII and PLIII from sperm nuclei and the highest value of nickel accumulated in the gonads were also found. Finally, at all exposure doses, there was also an increase in PARP expression, but especially at 5 µM NiCl2. A possible molecular mechanism for the toxic reproductive effects of nickel in Mytilus galloprovincialis is discussed.
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14
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Qiu L, Wei S, Yang Y, Zhang R, Ru S, Zhang X. Mechanism of bisphenol S exposure on color sensitivity of zebrafish larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120670. [PMID: 36395908 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Color vision, initiated from cone cells, is vitally essential for identifying environmental information in vertebrate. Although the retinotoxicity of bisphenol S (BPS) has been reported, data on the influence of BPS treatment on cone cells are scarce. In the present study, transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) labeling red and ultraviolet (UV) cones were exposed to BPS (0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/L) during the early stages of retinal development, to elucidate the mechanism underlying its retinal cone toxicity of BPS. The results showed that 10 and 100 μg/L BPS induced oxidative DNA damage, structural damage (decreased number of ribbon synapses), mosaic patterning disorder, and altered expression of genes involved in the phototransduction pathway in red and UV cones. Furthermore, BPS exposure also caused abnormal development of key neurons (retinal ganglion cells, optic nerve, and hypothalamus), responsible for transmitting the light-electrical signal to brain, and thereby resulted in inhibition of light-electrical signal transduction, finally diminishing the spectral sensitivity of zebrafish larvae to long- and short-type light signal at 5 day post fertilization. This study highlights the cone-toxicity of environmental relevant concentrations of BPS, and clarifies the mechanism of color vision impairment induced by BPS at the cellular level, updating the understanding of visual behavior driven by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Qiu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Shuhui Wei
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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15
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Atakisi O, Dalginli KY, Gulmez C, Kalacay D, Atakisi E, Zhumabaeva TT, Aşkar TK, Demirdogen RE. The Role of Reduced Glutathione on the Activity of Adenosine Deaminase, Antioxidative System, and Aluminum and Zinc Levels in Experimental Aluminum Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03503-0. [PMID: 36456741 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is one of the most abundant element in the world. But aluminum exposure and accumulation causes serious diseases, related with free radicals. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide with intracellular antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the role of GSH on adenosine deaminase (ADA), antioxidant system, and aluminum and zinc (Zn) levels in acute aluminum toxicity. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 32) were used. The rats were divided into four equal groups (n = 8). Group I received 0.5 mL intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% saline solution (NaCI), Group II received single-dose AlCI3, Group III was given GSH for seven days, and Group IV was given AlCI3 single dose, and at the same time, 100 mg/kg GSH was given for seven days. At the end of the trial, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and Zn levels were lower in the aluminum-administered group than the control group. In contrast, plasma total oxidant status (TOS) and aluminum concentrations and ADA activity were found higher in the aluminum-administered group than in the control group. Unlike the other groups, group GSH administrated with aluminum was similar to the control group. As a result, GSH administration has a regulatory effect on ADA activity, antioxidant system, and Zn levels in experimental aluminum toxicity. In addition, GSH may reduce the oxidant capacity increased by Al administration and may have a tolerant role on the accumulated serum Al levels. But long-term experimental Al toxicity studies are needed to reach a firm conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Atakisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letter, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Kezban Yildiz Dalginli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies Kars Vocational School, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Canan Gulmez
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Tuzluca Vocational School, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Destan Kalacay
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies Kars Vocational School, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Emine Atakisi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Biochemistry, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | | | - Tunay Kontaş Aşkar
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Ruken Esra Demirdogen
- Deptartments of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
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16
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Ferrandino I, Capriello T, Félix LM, Di Meglio G, Santos D, Monteiro SM. Histological alterations and oxidative stress in adult zebrafish muscle after aluminium exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103934. [PMID: 35868620 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is among the most abundant metals in nature, and its presence in the environment is further increasing by anthropogenic activities. In water bodies, the Al concentrations ranged between 0.001 and 50 mg/L, raising concerns about the health of aquatic organisms. For this reason, zebrafish was chosen as the model, since it is well suited for ecotoxicological studies. Adult specimens were exposed to 11 mg/L of Al for 10, 15 and 20 days to assess both the morphology and the oxidative state of muscle tissue. Considering the involvement of ROS, the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes, metallothioneins contents, but also oxidative damage and enzymes involved in energy consumption and neuromuscular transmission were assessed. Collected data showed an increase in the thickness of the endomysium and resorbed myofibrils in the organisms exposed to Al for 10 days, and an increase of myotomes' size in the organisms exposed to Al for 15 days. Moreover, the organisms exposed for less time to Al, it was evident an activation of anaerobic metabolism and the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferases. However, these effects stabilized with increasing exposure time. In addition, only after 20 days of treatment did the oxidative damage to the proteins and the activity of acetylcholinesterase increase while the levels of metallothioneins and the lipid peroxidation were lower for all treated animals when compared to the control group. Overall, the biochemical and histological changes induced by aluminium exposure in the muscular tissue represent a relevant contribution to understanding the environmental risk due to the diffusion of this metal within the aquatic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Luis M Félix
- Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Gianluca Di Meglio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Dércia Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Sandra M Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production, Vila Real, Portugal.
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