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Bernard J, Martin S, Al-Mogeeth A, Joblin C, Ji M, Zettergren H, Cederquist H, Stockett MH, Indrajith S, Dontot L, Spiegelman F, Toublanc D, Rapacioli M. Near-infrared absorption and radiative cooling of naphthalene dimers (C 10H 8) 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:18571-18583. [PMID: 38949429 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The radiative cooling of naphthalene dimer cations, (C10H8)2+ was studied experimentally through action spectroscopy using two different electrostatic ion-beam storage rings, DESIREE in Stockholm and Mini-Ring in Lyon. The spectral characteristics of the charge resonance (CR) band were observed to vary significantly with a storage time of up to 30 seconds in DESIREE. In particular, the position of the CR band shifts to the blue, with specific times (inverse of rates) of 0.64 s and 8.0 s in the 0-5 s and 5-30 s storage time ranges, respectively. These long-time scales indicate that the internal energy distribution of the stored ions evolves by vibrational radiative cooling, which is consistent with the absence of fast radiative cooling via recurrent fluorescence for (C10H8)2+. Density functional based tight binding calculations with local excitations and configuration interactions (DFTB-EXCI) were used to simulate the absorption spectrum for ion temperatures between 10 and 500 K. The evolution of the bandwidth and position with temperature is in qualitative agreement with the experimental findings. Furthermore, these calculations yielded linear temperature dependencies for both the shift and the broadening. Combining the relationship between the CR band position and the ion temperature with the results of the statistical model, we demonstrate that the observed blue shift can be used to determine the radiative cooling rate of (C10H8)2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bernard
- Institut Lumière Matière (iLM), UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Serge Martin
- Institut Lumière Matière (iLM), UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Mogeeth
- Institut Lumière Matière (iLM), UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Christine Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), UMR5277, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - MingChao Ji
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henning Zettergren
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Cederquist
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark H Stockett
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suvasthika Indrajith
- Institut Lumière Matière (iLM), UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Léo Dontot
- CIMAP, Unité Mixte CEA-CNRS-ENSICAEN-UCBN 6252, BP 5133, F-14070 Caen, Cedex 05, France
| | - Fernand Spiegelman
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ)/Institut FeRMI, UMR5626, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Toublanc
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR)/Institut FeRMI, UMR5589, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Mathias Rapacioli
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ)/Institut FeRMI, UMR5626, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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2
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Wahab A, Gershoni-Poranne R. COMPAS-3: a dataset of peri-condensed polybenzenoid hydrocarbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15344-15357. [PMID: 38758092 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
We introduce the third installment of the COMPAS Project - a COMputational database of Polycyclic Aromatic Systems, focused on peri-condensed polybenzenoid hydrocarbons. In this installment, we develop two datasets containing the optimized ground-state structures and a selection of molecular properties of ∼39k and ∼9k peri-condensed polybenzenoid hydrocarbons (at the GFN2-xTB and CAM-B3LYP-D3BJ/cc-pvdz//CAM-B3LYP-D3BJ/def2-SVP levels, respectively). The manuscript details the enumeration and data generation processes and describes the information available within the datasets. An in-depth comparison between the two types of computation is performed, and it is found that the geometrical disagreement is maximal for slightly-distorted molecules. In addition, a data-driven analysis of the structure-property trends of peri-condensed PBHs is performed, highlighting the effect of the size of peri-condensed islands and linearly annulated rings on the HOMO-LUMO gap. The insights described herein are important for rational design of novel functional aromatic molecules for use in, e.g., organic electronics. The generated datasets provide a basis for additional data-driven machine- and deep-learning studies in chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wahab
- The Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renana Gershoni-Poranne
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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3
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El Haddad Y, Ouarrad H, Drissi LB. Insights into the optoelectronic behaviour of heteroatom doped diamond-shaped graphene quantum dots. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12639-12649. [PMID: 38638818 PMCID: PMC11025525 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00603h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study we aim to manipulate the optoelectronic and photoluminescence properties of diamond-shaped graphene quantum dots (DSGQDs) in order to make them suitable for solar cells and photovoltaic devices. Using DFT and performing many-body effects studies, we investigate the impact of N, B, O, P and S heteroatom doping on DSGQDs in three different positions, namely the zigzag edge, the armchair corner and the surface, in order to identify the most appropriate and promising configurations. All the doped GQDs are found to be chemically stable making it possible to realize them experimentally. Additionally, the obtained results show that substitution with heteroatoms has a remarkable effect on the electronic energy gap, noticeably decreasing it. Doping also has a significant effect on the optical response by shifting the absorption peaks towards the visible energy range. The excitonic behaviour has revealed that these nanostructures are potential candidates for photovoltaic devices. One can deduce that doping DSGQDs with heteroatoms is useful and promising for the targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine El Haddad
- LPHE, Modeling and Simulations, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
- CPM - Centre of Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Hala Ouarrad
- LPHE, Modeling and Simulations, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
- CPM - Centre of Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
| | - Lalla Btissam Drissi
- LPHE, Modeling and Simulations, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
- CPM - Centre of Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco
- College of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Hassan II Academy of Sciences and Technology Rabat Morocco
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4
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Ju CW, Shen Y, French EJ, Yi J, Bi H, Tian A, Lin Z. Accurate Electronic and Optical Properties of Organic Doublet Radicals Using Machine Learned Range-Separated Functionals. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38382058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Luminescent organic semiconducting doublet-spin radicals are unique and emergent optical materials because their fluorescent quantum yields (Φfl) are not compromised by the spin-flipping intersystem crossing (ISC) into a dark high-spin state. The multiconfigurational nature of these radicals challenges their electronic structure calculations in the framework of single-reference density functional theory (DFT) and introduces room for method improvement. In the present study, we extended our earlier development of ML-ωPBE [J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2021, 12, 9516-9524], a range-separated hybrid (RSH) exchange-correlation (XC) functional constructed using the stacked ensemble machine learning (SEML) algorithm, from closed-shell organic semiconducting molecules to doublet-spin organic semiconducting radicals. We assessed its performance for a new test set of 64 doublet-spin radicals from five categories while placing all previously compiled 3926 closed-shell molecules in the new training set. Interestingly, ML-ωPBE agrees with the nonempirical OT-ωPBE functional regarding the prediction of the molecule-dependent range-separation parameter (ω), with a small mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0197 a0-1, but saves the computational cost by 2.46 orders of magnitude. This result demonstrates an outstanding domain adaptation capacity of ML-ωPBE for diverse organic semiconducting species. To further assess the predictive power of ML-ωPBE in experimental observables, we also applied it to evaluate absorption and fluorescence energies (Eabs and Efl) using linear-response time-dependent DFT (TDDFT), and we compared its behavior with nine popular XC functionals. For most radicals, ML-ωPBE reproduces experimental measurements of Eabs and Efl with small MAEs of 0.299 and 0.254 eV, only marginally different from those of OT-ωPBE. Our work illustrates a successful extension of the SEML framework from closed-shell molecules to doublet-spin radicals and will open the venue for calculating optical properties for organic semiconductors using single-reference TDDFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Ju
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yili Shen
- Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Ethan J French
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Hongshan Bi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aaron Tian
- Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Zhou Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Welakuh DM, Flick J, Ruggenthaler M, Appel H, Rubio A. Frequency-Dependent Sternheimer Linear-Response Formalism for Strongly Coupled Light-Matter Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4354-4365. [PMID: 35675628 PMCID: PMC9281401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rapid progress in quantum-optical experiments, especially in the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics and nanoplasmonics, allows one to substantially modify and control chemical and physical properties of atoms, molecules, and solids by strongly coupling to the quantized field. Alongside such experimental advances has been the recent development of ab initio approaches such as quantum electrodynamical density-functional theory (QEDFT), which is capable of describing these strongly coupled systems from first principles. To investigate response properties of relatively large systems coupled to a wide range of photon modes, ab initio methods that scale well with system size become relevant. In light of this, we extend the linear-response Sternheimer approach within the framework of QEDFT to efficiently compute excited-state properties of strongly coupled light-matter systems. Using this method, we capture features of strong light-matter coupling both in the dispersion and absorption properties of a molecular system strongly coupled to the modes of a cavity. We exemplify the efficiency of the Sternheimer approach by coupling the matter system to the continuum of an electromagnetic field. We observe changes in the spectral features of the coupled system as Lorentzian line shapes turn into Fano resonances when the molecule interacts strongly with the continuum of modes. This work provides an alternative approach for computing efficiently excited-state properties of large molecular systems interacting with the quantized electromagnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis M. Welakuh
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Harvard
John A. Paulson School Of Engineering And Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge 02138, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Johannes Flick
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron
Institute, 162 Fifth
Avenue, New York 10010, New York, United States
| | - Michael Ruggenthaler
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Heiko Appel
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron
Institute, 162 Fifth
Avenue, New York 10010, New York, United States
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Zamith S, Kassem A, L'Hermite JM, Joblin C. Water Attachment onto Size-Selected Cationic Pyrene Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3696-3707. [PMID: 35670699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report measurements of the attachment rates of water molecules onto mass-selected cationic pyrene clusters for size from n = 4 to 13 pyrene units and for different collision energies. Comparison of the attachment rates with the collision rates measured in collision-induced dissociation experiments provides access to the values of the sticking coefficient. The strong dependence of the attachment rates on size and collision energy is rationalized through a model in which we use a Langevin-type collision rate and adjust on experimental data the statistical dissociation rate of the water molecule from the cluster after attachment. This allows us to extrapolate our results to the conditions of isolation and long time scales encountered in astrophysical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Zamith
- Laboratoire Collision Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR/IRSAMC), UMR5589, Université de Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ali Kassem
- Laboratoire Collision Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR/IRSAMC), UMR5589, Université de Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France.,Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), UMR5277, Université de Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, 9 avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marc L'Hermite
- Laboratoire Collision Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR/IRSAMC), UMR5589, Université de Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), UMR5277, Université de Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, 9 avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
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7
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Carmona-Espíndola J. Photoabsorption spectra of helicenes. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Dickerson CE, Guo H, Zhu GZ, Hudson ER, Caram JR, Campbell WC, Alexandrova AN. Optical Cycling Functionalization of Arenes. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3989-3995. [PMID: 33877848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Closed, laser-induced optical transitions ("optical cycling transitions") of molecules can be used for state preparation and measurement in quantum information science and quantum sensing. Increasingly complex molecular species supporting optical cycling can provide new capabilities for quantum science, and it is not clear if there is a limit on their size or complexity. We explore Ca-O-L molecular constructs to support the optical cycling center, Ca, with ligands, L, being arenes. We find that L can be as large as coronene (i.e., CaOC24H11) without losing the diagonality of the Franck-Condon factor (FCF). Furthermore, L can be substituted with electron-withdrawing groups to improve the FCF. Larger L, beyond ∼7 rings, can disrupt the diagonality of the FCF by closing the HOMO-LUMO ligand electronic state gap and reordering with the local states on the cycling center. Overall, we find that optical cycling can be retained for arenes, and we offer a principle for their design.
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Peeters E, Mackie C, Candian A, Tielens AGGM. A Spectroscopic View on Cosmic PAH Emission. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1921-1933. [PMID: 33780617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules (PAHs) are ubiquitously present at high abundances in the Universe. They are detected through their infrared (IR) fluorescence UV pumped by nearby massive stars. Hence, their infrared emission is used to determine the star formation rate in galaxies, one of the key indicators for understanding the evolution of galaxies. Together with fullerenes, PAHs are the largest molecules found in space. They significantly partake in a variety of physical and chemical processes in space, influencing star and planet formation as well as galaxy evolution.Since the IR features from PAHs originate from chemical bonds involving only nearest neighbor atoms, they have only a weak dependence on the size and structure of the molecule, and it is therefore not possible to identify the individual PAH molecules that make up the cosmic PAH family. This strongly hampers the interpretation of their astronomical fingerprints. Despite the lack of identification, constraints can be set on the characteristics of the cosmic PAH family thanks to a joint effort of astronomers, physicists, and chemists.This Account presents the spectroscopic properties of the cosmic PAH emission as well as the intrinsic spectroscopic properties of PAHs and astronomical modeling of the PAH evolution required for the interpretation of the cosmic PAH characteristics. We discuss the observed spectral signatures tracing PAH properties such as charge, size, and structure and highlight the related challenges. We discuss the recent success of anharmonic calculations of PAH infrared absorption and emission spectra and outline the path forward. Finally, we illustrate the importance of models on PAH processing for the interpretation of the astronomical data in terms of the charge balance and PAH destruction.Throughout this Account, we emphasize that huge progress is on the horizon on the astronomical front. Indeed, the world is eagerly awaiting the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). With its incredible improvement in spatial resolution, combined with its complete spectral coverage of the PAH infrared emission bands at medium spectral resolution and superb sensitivity, the JWST will revolutionize PAH research. Previous observations could only present spectra averaged over regions with vastly different properties, thus greatly confusing their interpretation. The amazing spatial resolution of JWST will disentangle these different regions. This will allow us to quantify precisely how PAHs are modified by the physical conditions of their host environment and thus trace how PAHs evolve across space. However, this will only be achieved when the necessary (and still missing) fundamental properties of PAHs, outlined in this Account, are known. We strongly encourage you to join this effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els Peeters
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Suite 100, Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | - Cameron Mackie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alessandra Candian
- van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander G. G. M. Tielens
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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10
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Chakraborty S, Mulas G, Rapacioli M, Joblin C. Anharmonic Infrared Spectra of Thermally Excited Pyrene (C 16H 10): A Combined View of DFT-Based GVPT2 with AnharmonicCaOs, and Approximate DFT Molecular dynamics with DemonNano. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 378:111466. [PMID: 34257467 PMCID: PMC7611198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2021.111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of the Aromatic Infrared Bands (AIBs) in astronomical environments has opened interesting spectroscopic questions on the effect of anharmonicity on the infrared (IR) spectrum of hot polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and related species in isolated conditions. The forthcoming James Webb Space Telescope will unveil unprecedented spatial and spectral details in the AIB spectrum; significant advancement is thus necessary now to model the infrared emission of PAHs, their presumed carriers, with enough detail to exploit the information content of the AIBs. This requires including anharmonicity in such models, and to do so systematically for all species included, requiring a difficult compromise between accuracy and efficiency. We performed a benchmark study to compare the performances of two methods in calculating anharmonic spectra, comparing them to available experimental data. One is a full quantum method, AnharmoniCaOs, relying on an ab initio potential, and the other relies on Molecular Dynamics simulations using a Density Functional based Tight Binding potential. The first one is found to be very accurate and detailed, but it becomes computationally very expensive for increasing temperature; the second is faster and can be used for arbitrarily high temperatures, but is less accurate. Still, its results can be used to model the evolution with temperature of isolated bands. We propose a new recipe to model anharmonic AIB emission using minimal assumptions on the general behaviour of band positions and widths with temperature, which can be defined by a small number of empirical parameters. Modelling accuracy will depend critically on these empirical parameters, allowing for an incremental improvement in model results, as better estimates become gradually available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhadip Chakraborty
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Giacomo Mulas
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - Mathias Rapacioli
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ/IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UPS),CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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11
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St Mary L, Trine LSD, Roper C, Wiley J, Massey Simonich SL, McCoustra M, Henry TB. Time-Related Alteration of Aqueous-Phase Anthracene and Phenanthrene Photoproducts in the Presence of TiO 2 Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3727-3735. [PMID: 33651588 PMCID: PMC9811996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are photoactive environmental pollutants that can contaminate aquatic environments. Aqueous-phase interactions between PAHs and TiO2-NPs are of interest due to their emerging environmental relevance, particularly with the deliberate application of TiO2-NPs to remediate pollution events (e.g., oil spills). Our objective was to investigate anthracene (ANT) and phenanthrene (PHE) photoproduct formation and transformation following ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation in the presence and absence of TiO2-NPs. ANT and PHE solutions were prepared alone or in combination with TiO2-NPs, UVA-irradiated, and either exposed to larval zebrafish or collected for chemical analyses of diverse hydroxylated PAHs (OHPAHs) and oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs). The expression profiles of genes encoding for enzymes involved in PAH metabolism showed PAH-specific and time-dependent inductions that demonstrated changes in PAH and photoproduct bioavailability in the presence of TiO2-NPs. Chemical analyses of PAH/NP solutions in the absence of zebrafish larvae identified diverse photoproducts of differing size and ring arrangements, which suggested photodissociation, recombination, and ring re-arrangements of PAHs occurred either during or following UVA irradiation. Both ANT and PHE solutions showed heightened oxidative potential following irradiation, but TiO2-NP-related increases in oxidative potential were PAH-specific. The exploitation of multiple analytical methods provided novel insights into distinct PAH photoactivity, TiO2-NP influence on photoproduct formation in a PAH-specific manner, and the significant role time plays in photochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey St Mary
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure, and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Lisandra S D Trine
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, United States
| | - Courtney Roper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, United States
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Jackson Wiley
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, United States
| | - Staci L Massey Simonich
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, United States
| | - Martin McCoustra
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Theodore B Henry
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure, and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
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12
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Colautti M, Piccioli FS, Ristanović Z, Lombardi P, Moradi A, Adhikari S, Deperasinska I, Kozankiewicz B, Orrit M, Toninelli C. Laser-Induced Frequency Tuning of Fourier-Limited Single-Molecule Emitters. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13584-13592. [PMID: 32936612 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The local interaction of charges and light in organic solids is the basis of distinct and fundamental effects. We here observe, at the single-molecule scale, how a focused laser beam can locally shift by hundreds of times their natural line width and, in a persistent way, the transition frequency of organic chromophores cooled at liquid helium temperature in different host matrices. Supported by quantum chemistry calculations, the results can be interpreted as effects of a photoionization cascade, leading to a stable electric field, which Stark-shifts the molecular electronic levels. The experimental observation is then applied to a common challenge in quantum photonics, i.e., the independent tuning and synchronization of close-by quantum emitters, which is desirable for multiphoton experiments. Five molecules that are spatially separated by about 50 μm and originally 20 GHz apart are brought into resonance within twice their line width. This tuning method, which does not require additional fabrication steps, is here independently applied to multiple emitters, with an emission line width that is only limited by the spontaneous decay and an inhomogeneous broadening limited to 1 nm. The system hence shows promise for photonic quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Colautti
- National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto F.no 50019, Italy
| | - Francesco S Piccioli
- National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Zoran Ristanović
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, LION, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto F.no 50019, Italy
| | - Amin Moradi
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, LION, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, LION, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Irena Deperasinska
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Boleslaw Kozankiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, LION, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Costanza Toninelli
- National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto F.no, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto F.no 50019, Italy
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the current status of the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC) e-infrastructure, including the current status of the VAMDC-connected (or to be connected) databases, updates on the latest technological development within the infrastructure and a presentation of some application tools that make use of the VAMDC e-infrastructure. We analyse the past 10 years of VAMDC development and operation, and assess their impact both on the field of atomic and molecular (A&M) physics itself and on heterogeneous data management in international cooperation. The highly sophisticated VAMDC infrastructure and the related databases developed over this long term make them a perfect resource of sustainable data for future applications in many fields of research. However, we also discuss the current limitations that prevent VAMDC from becoming the main publishing platform and the main source of A&M data for user communities, and present possible solutions under investigation by the consortium. Several user application examples are presented, illustrating the benefits of VAMDC in current research applications, which often need the A&M data from more than one database. Finally, we present our vision for the future of VAMDC.
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Wenzel G, Joblin C, Giuliani A, Rodriguez Castillo S, Mulas G, Ji M, Sabbah H, Quiroga S, Peña D, Nahon L. Astrochemical relevance of VUV ionization of large PAH cations . ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2020; 641:A98. [PMID: 33154599 PMCID: PMC7116310 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT As a part of interstellar dust, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are processed by the interaction with vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) photons that are emitted by hot young stars. This interaction leads to the emission of the well-known aromatic infrared bands but also of electrons, which can significantly contribute to the heating of the interstellar gas. AIMS Our aim is to investigate the impact of molecular size on the photoionization properties of cationic PAHs. METHODS Trapped PAH cations of sizes between 30 and 48 carbon atoms were submitted to VUV photons in the range of 9 to 20 eV from the DESIRS beamline at the synchrotron SOLEIL. All resulting photoproducts including dications and fragment cations were mass-analyzed and recorded as a function of photon energy. RESULTS Photoionization is found to be predominant over dissociation at all energies, which differs from an earlier study on smaller PAHs. The photoionization branching ratio reaches 0.98 at 20 eV for the largest studied PAH. The photoionization threshold is observed to be between 9.1 and 10.2 eV, in agreement with the evolution of the ionization potential with size. Ionization cross sections were indirectly obtained and photoionization yields extracted from their ratio with theoretical photoabsorption cross sections, which were calculated using time-dependent density functional theory. An analytical function was derived to calculate this yield for a given molecular size. CONCLUSIONS Large PAH cations could be efficiently ionized in H i regions and provide a contribution to the heating of the gas by photoelectric effect. Also, at the border of or in H ii regions, PAHs could be exposed to photons of energy higher than 13.6 eV. Our work provides recipes to be used in astronomical models to quantify these points.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Wenzel
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
| | - C. Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
| | - A. Giuliani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, F-91192 Saint Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- INRAE, UAR1008, Transform Department, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - S. Rodriguez Castillo
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ/IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - G. Mulas
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - M. Ji
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
| | - H. Sabbah
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR/IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - S. Quiroga
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D. Peña
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - L. Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, F-91192 Saint Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Shakourian-Fard M, Ghenaatian HR, Kamath G, Taimoory SM. Unraveling the effect of nitrogen doping on graphene nanoflakes and the adsorption properties of ionic liquids: A DFT study. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mocci P, Malloci G, Bosin A, Cappellini G. Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Investigation on the Electronic and Optical Properties of Poly-C,Si,Ge-acenes. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:16654-16663. [PMID: 32685832 PMCID: PMC7364637 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a comparative computational investigation on the first six members of linear poly-C,Si,Ge-acenes (X4n+2H2n+4, X = C,Si,Ge; n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). We performed density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations to compare morphological, electronic, and optical properties. While C-acenes are planar, Si- and Ge-acenes assume a buckled configuration. Electronic properties show similar trends as a function of size for all families. In particular, differently from C-based compounds, in the case of both Si- and Ge-acenes, the excitation energies of the strongest low-lying electronic transition (β peaks) span the visible region of the spectrum, demonstrating their size tunability. For all families, we assessed the plasmonic character of this transition and found a linear relationship for the wavelength-dependence of the β peaks as a function of the number of rings. A similar slope of about 56 nm is observed for Si- and Ge-acenes, although the peak positions of the former are located at lower wavelengths. Outcomes of this study are compared with existing theoretical results for 2D lattices and nanoribbons, and experiments where available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mocci
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 Km 0,7, I-09042 Monserrato CA, Italy
| | - Giuliano Malloci
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 Km 0,7, I-09042 Monserrato CA, Italy
| | - Andrea Bosin
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 Km 0,7, I-09042 Monserrato CA, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cappellini
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. 8 Km 0,7, I-09042 Monserrato CA, Italy
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Zhang Y, Liu P, Li Y, Zhan R, Huang Z, Lin H. Study on fluorescence spectroscopy of PAHs with different molecular structures using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) measurement and TD-DFT calculation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 224:117450. [PMID: 31422341 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is an effective technique for non-intrusive and on-line measurement of PAHs in sooting flames but it is still need further investigation due to the complexity of PAH fluorescence characteristics. Therefore, in-depth investigations on the fluorescence spectroscopy of PAHs with different molecular structures are relevant. In this study, we investigated the fluorescence spectrum characteristics of 13 gas-phase PAHs using LIF measurement and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculation. The experimental results showed that the fluorescence emission wavelengths increased with more aromatic (benzenoid) rings, but this relationship no longer existed when the PAH molecules contain the five-membered ring structures. The TD-DFT calculation showed that the fluorescence emission wavelength ranges of PAHs with different molecular structures were dominantly determined by the electronic structures of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and their energy gaps. It was found that the saturated aliphatic branched chains (methyl and ethyl) only slightly influenced the LIF spectra, while the unsaturated aliphatic branched chains (ethenyl and ethynyl) caused remarkable redshifts. The TD-DFT results indicated that the aliphatic branched chains changed the electric structures of HOMO and LUMO of the core aromatic rings, and then influence the fluorescence emission wavelength ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Liu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Clean Combustion Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youping Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Reggie Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - He Lin
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Foschino S, Berné O, Joblin C. Learning mid-IR emission spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon populations from observations. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2019; 632:A84. [PMID: 33154596 PMCID: PMC7116302 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201935085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will deliver an unprecedented quantity of high-quality spectral data over the 0.6-28 μm range. It will combine sensitivity, spectral resolution, and spatial resolution. Specific tools are required to provide efficient scientific analysis of such large data sets. AIMS Our aim is to illustrate the potential of unsupervised learning methods to get insights into chemical variations in the populations that carry the aromatic infrared bands (AIBs), more specifically polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) species and carbonaceous very small grains (VSGs). METHODS We present a method based on linear fitting and blind signal separation for extracting representative spectra for a spectral data set. The method is fast and robust, which ensures its applicability to JWST spectral cubes. We tested this method on a sample of ISO-SWS data, which resemble most closely the JWST spectra in terms of spectral resolution and coverage. RESULTS Four representative spectra were extracted. Their main characteristics appear consistent with previous studies with populations dominated by cationic PAHs, neutral PAHs, evaporating VSGs, and large ionized PAHs, known as the PAH x population. In addition, the 3 μm range, which is considered here for the first time in a blind signal separation (BSS) method, reveals the presence of aliphatics connected to neutral PAHs. Each representative spectrum is found to carry second-order spectral signatures (e.g., small bands), which are connected with the underlying chemical diversity of populations. However, the precise attribution of theses signatures remains limited by the combined small size and heterogeneity of the sample of astronomical spectra available in this study. CONCLUSIONS The upcoming JWST data will allow us to overcome this limitation. The large data sets of hyperspectral images provided by JWST analysed with the proposed method, which is fast and robust, will open promising perspectives for our understanding of the chemical evolution of the AIB carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Foschino
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CNES, UPS, Toulouse, France, 9 Av. du colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - O Berné
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CNES, UPS, Toulouse, France, 9 Av. du colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - C Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CNES, UPS, Toulouse, France, 9 Av. du colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
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Mocci P, Cardia R, Cappellini G. A computational study on the electronic and optical properties of boron-nitride circumacenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:16302-16309. [PMID: 31305806 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01038f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a comparative and systematic computational analysis on the electronic and optical properties of the boron-nitride-made (BN) counterparts of the carbon-made circumacenes. Recently, these planar molecules have attracted interest for applications in the condensed matter physics domain. In particular, we focus on the five first members of this BN-family (from BN-coronene to BN-circumpentacene) presenting a comparison with their carbon analogues. For all the systems investigated, we calculate different electronic properties and the optical absorption spectra, performing all electron Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent-DFT (TD-DFT) calculations. In the context of ab initio calculations we select a localized Gaussian basis-set matched with a hybrid exchange-correlation functional. We discuss possible implications of the observed BN cluster properties, which could be an alternative material or complementar as compared to their carbon analogues. In particular, concerning the optical properties, we have found that the main difference between the two families is that the BN molecules absorb in the UV, rather than in the visible as happens for the C-made parents. Moreover, we demonstrate that the electronic and optical observables of the BN clusters are nearly independent of the cluster size in contrast to what happens for their carbonaceous counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mocci
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0,700, I-09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | - Roberto Cardia
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0,700, I-09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Cappellini
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0,700, I-09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy.
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Cho SJ, Kong GD, Park S, Park J, Byeon SE, Kim T, Yoon HJ. Molecularly Controlled Stark Effect Induces Significant Rectification in Polycyclic-Aromatic-Hydrocarbon-Terminated n-Alkanethiolates. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:545-553. [PMID: 30582703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The variation of the electronic structure of individual molecules as a function of the applied bias matters for the performance of molecular and organic electronic devices. Understanding the structure-electric-field relationship, however, remains a challenge because of the lack of in-operando spectroscopic technique and complexity arising from the ill-defined on-surface structure of molecules and organic-electrode interfaces within devices. We report that a reliable and reproducible molecular diode can be achieved by control of the conjugation length in polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon (PAH)-terminated n-alkanethiolate (denoted as SC11PAH), incorporated into liquid-metal-based large-area tunnel junctions in the form of a self-assembled monolayer. By taking advantage of the structural simplicity and tunability of SC11PAH and the high-yielding feature of the junction technique, we demonstrate that the increase in the conjugation length of the PAH terminal group leads to a significant rectification ratio up to ∼1.7 × 102 at ±740 mV. Further study suggests that the Stark shift of the molecular energy resonance of the PAH breaks the symmetry of the energy topography across the junction and induces rectification in a temperature-independent charge-transport regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Cho
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Gyu Don Kong
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Park
- Department of Physics , Hankuk University of Foreign Studies , Yongin 449-791 , Korea
| | - Seo Eun Byeon
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Taekyeong Kim
- Department of Physics , Hankuk University of Foreign Studies , Yongin 449-791 , Korea
| | - Hyo Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
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21
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Mulas G, Falvo C, Cassam-Chenaï P, Joblin C. Anharmonic vibrational spectroscopy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). J Chem Phys 2018; 149:144102. [PMID: 30316271 DOI: 10.1063/1.5050087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While powerful techniques exist to accurately account for anharmonicity in vibrational molecular spectroscopy, they are computationally very expensive and cannot be routinely employed for large species and/or at non-zero vibrational temperatures. Motivated by the study of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) emission in space, we developed a new code, which takes into account all modes and can describe all infrared transitions including bands becoming active due to resonances as well as overtone, combination, and difference bands. In this article, we describe the methodology that was implemented and discuss how the main difficulties were overcome, so as to keep the problem tractable. Benchmarking with high-level calculations was performed on a small molecule. We carried out specific convergence tests on two prototypical PAHs, pyrene (C16H10) and coronene (C24H12), aiming at optimising tunable parameters to achieve both acceptable accuracy and computational costs for this class of molecules. We then report the results obtained at 0 K for pyrene and coronene, comparing the calculated spectra with available experimental data. The theoretical band positions were found to be significantly improved compared to harmonic density functional theory calculations. The band intensities are in reasonable agreement with experiments, the main limitation being the accuracy of the underlying calculations of the quartic force field. This is a first step toward calculating moderately high-temperature spectra of PAHs and other similarly rigid molecules using Monte Carlo sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mulas
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Cyril Falvo
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | | | - Christine Joblin
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Mackie CJ, Chen T, Candian A, Lee TJ, Tielens AGGM. Fully anharmonic infrared cascade spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:134302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5038725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J. Mackie
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tao Chen
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Candian
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy J. Lee
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, USA
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Tenorio BNC, Nascimento MAC, Rocha AB. Time-dependent density functional theory description of total photoabsorption cross sections. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:074104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5017126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nunes Cabral Tenorio
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Instituto de Química, Ave. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brasil
| | - Marco Antonio Chaer Nascimento
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Instituto de Química, Ave. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Braga Rocha
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Instituto de Química, Ave. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brasil
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Trinquier G, Malrieu JP. Predicting the Open-Shell Character of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons in Terms of Clar Sextets. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1088-1103. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georges Trinquier
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques,
IRSAMC−CNRS-UMR5626, Université Paul-Sabatier (Toulouse III), 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jean-Paul Malrieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques,
IRSAMC−CNRS-UMR5626, Université Paul-Sabatier (Toulouse III), 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Ji M, Bernard J, Chen L, Brédy R, Ortéga C, Joblin C, Cassimi A, Martin S. Cooling of isolated anthracene cations probed with photons of different wavelengths in the Mini-Ring. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:044301. [PMID: 28147509 DOI: 10.1063/1.4973651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a direct measurement of the Internal Energy Distribution (IED) shift rate of an initially hot polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecular ensemble, anthracene cations (C14H10+). The ions were produced in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source and stored in an electrostatic ion storage ring, the Mini-Ring. Laser pulses of two wavelengths were sent successively to merge the stored ion bunch at different storage times to enhance the neutral fragment yield due to fast laser induced dissociation. Using this technique, we have been able to determine directly the energy shift rate of the IED, without involving any theoretical simulation or any assumption on dissociation rates, cooling rates, or the initial IED. Theoretical energy shift rates have been estimated from the evolution of simulated IEDs by taking into account the effects of the unimolecular dissociation and two radiative decay mechanisms: the Poincaré fluorescence and the infrared vibrational emission. The comparison between the experimental results and the model provides new evidence of the important role of the Poincaré fluorescence in the overall cooling process of anthracene cations. Although in the short time range the commonly accepted intuition says that the cooling would result mostly from the dissociation of the hottest ions (depletion cooling), we demonstrate that the Poincaré fluorescence is the dominant contribution (about 85%) to the net cooling effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ji
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Cedex Villeurbanne, France
| | - J Bernard
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Cedex Villeurbanne, France
| | - L Chen
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Cedex Villeurbanne, France
| | - R Brédy
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Cedex Villeurbanne, France
| | - C Ortéga
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Cedex Villeurbanne, France
| | - C Joblin
- Université de Toulouse; UPS-OMP; IRAP; Toulouse, France
| | - A Cassimi
- CIMAP, CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/UNICAEN, Bd H. Becquerel, BP 5133, F-14070 Caen, France
| | - S Martin
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Cedex Villeurbanne, France
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Douix S, Duflot D, Cubaynes D, Bizau JM, Giuliani A. Photoionization of the Buckminsterfullerene Cation. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:7-12. [PMID: 28052677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Photoionization of a buckminsterfullerene ion is investigated using an ion trap and a merged beam setup coupled to synchrotron radiation beamlines and compared to theoretical calculations. Absolute measurements derived from the ion trap experiment allow discrepancies concerning the photoionization cross section of C60+ to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzie Douix
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Saint Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Denis Duflot
- Univsité Lille, UMR 8523 - Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules , F-59000 Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8523 , F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Denis Cubaynes
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Saint Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Marc Bizau
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Saint Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Alexandre Giuliani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Saint Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UAR 1008 CEPIA, INRA , F-44316 Nantes, France
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29
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Adkins EM, Miller JH. Towards a taxonomy of topology for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons: linking electronic and molecular structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:28458-28469. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06048c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Trends linking topology of PAH to their electronic properties are reported, evaluating how HOMO–LUMO gap depends on structure and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Adkins
- Department of Chemistry George Washington University 800 22nd St
- Washington
- USA
| | - J. Houston Miller
- Department of Chemistry George Washington University 800 22nd St
- Washington
- USA
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30
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Malrieu JP, Trinquier G. Can a Topological Approach Predict Spin-Symmetry Breaking in Conjugated Hydrocarbons? J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9564-9578. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b07597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Malrieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie et
Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC-CNRS-UMR5626, Université Paul-Sabatier (Toulouse III), 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Georges Trinquier
- Laboratoire de Chimie et
Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC-CNRS-UMR5626, Université Paul-Sabatier (Toulouse III), 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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31
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Computational investigation of the effects of perfluorination on the charge-transport properties of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Kumar V, Kothiyal NC, Saruchi, Vikas P, Sharma R. Sources, distribution, and health effect of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – current knowledge and future directions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/22243682.2016.1230475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Mackie CJ, Candian A, Huang X, Maltseva E, Petrignani A, Oomens J, Mattioda AL, Buma WJ, Lee TJ, Tielens AGGM. The anharmonic quartic force field infrared spectra of five non-linear polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and triphenylene. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:084313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4961438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J. Mackie
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Candian
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Xinchuan Huang
- SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Suite 100, Mountain View, California 94043, USA
| | - Elena Maltseva
- University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Petrignani
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wybren Jan Buma
- University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy J. Lee
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, USA
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Zhen J, Castillo SR, Joblin C, Mulas G, Sabbah H, Giuliani A, Nahon L, Martin S, Champeaux JP, Mayer PM. VUV photo-processing of PAH cations: quantitative study on the ionization versus fragmentation processes. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2016; 822:113. [PMID: 27212712 PMCID: PMC4872839 DOI: 10.3847/0004-637x/822/2/113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are strongly affected by the absorption of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons in the interstellar medium (ISM), yet the branching ratio between ionization and fragmentation is poorly studied. This is crucial for the stability and charge state of PAHs in the ISM in different environments, affecting in turn the chemistry, the energy balance, and the contribution of PAHs to the extinction and emission curves. We studied the interaction of PAH cations with VUV photons in the 7 - 20 eV range from the synchrotron SOLEIL beamline, DESIRS. We recorded by action spectroscopy the relative intensities of photo-fragmentation and photo-ionization for a set of eight PAH cations ranging in size from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, with different structures. At photon energies below ~13.6 eV fragmentation dominates for the smaller species, while for larger species ionization is immediately competitive after the second ionization potential (IP). At higher photon energies, all species behave similarly, the ionization yield gradually increases, leveling off between 0.8 and 0.9 at ~18 eV. Among isomers, PAH structure appears to mainly affect the fragmentation cross section, but not the ionization cross section. We also measured the second IP for all species and the third IP for two of them, all are in good agreement with theoretical ones confirming that PAH cations can be further ionized in the diffuse ISM. Determining actual PAH dication abundances in the ISM will require detailed modeling. Our measured photo-ionization yields for several PAH cations provide a necessary ingredient for such models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhen
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Sarah Rodriguez Castillo
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques LCPQ/IRSAMC, Université de Toulouse (UPS) and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Joblin
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Giacomo Mulas
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della Scienza 5, 09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - Hassan Sabbah
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Alexandre Giuliani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, LOrme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
- INRA, UAR1008 Caractérisation et Elaboration des Produits Issus de l’Agriculture, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, LOrme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Serge Martin
- Institut Lumière Matière, Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Champeaux
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, Université de Toulouse, UPS-IRSAMC, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, Bat 3R1B4, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Paul M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
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35
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Extracting Conformational Ensembles of Small Molecules from Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Ampicillin as a Test Case. COMPUTATION 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/computation4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mackie CJ, Candian A, Huang X, Maltseva E, Petrignani A, Oomens J, Buma WJ, Lee TJ, Tielens AGGM. The anharmonic quartic force field infrared spectra of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Naphthalene, anthracene, and tetracene. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224314. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J. Mackie
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Candian
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Xinchuan Huang
- SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Suite 100, Mountain View, California 94043, USA
| | - Elena Maltseva
- University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Petrignani
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy J. Lee
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, USA
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37
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Maltseva E, Petrignani A, Candian A, Mackie CJ, Huang X, Lee TJ, Tielens AGGM, Oomens J, Buma WJ. HIGH-RESOLUTION IR ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS: THE REALM OF ANHARMONICITY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/814/1/23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Abdulla M, Refson K, Friend RH, Haynes PD. A first-principles study of the vibrational properties of crystalline tetracene under pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:375402. [PMID: 26328594 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/37/375402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of the hydrostatic pressure dependence of the vibrational properties of tetracene using periodic density-functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA). Despite the lack of van der Waals dispersion forces in LDA we find good agreement with experiment and are able to assess the suitability of this approach for simulating conjugated organic molecular crystals. Starting from the reported x-ray structure at ambient pressure and low temperature, optimized structures at ambient pressure and under 280 MPa hydrostatic pressure were obtained and the vibrational properties calculated by the linear response method. We report the complete phonon dispersion relation for tetracene crystal and the Raman and infrared spectra at the centre of the Brillouin zone. The intermolecular modes with low frequencies exhibit high sensitivity to pressure and we report mode-specific Grüneisen parameters as well as an overall Grüneisen parameter [Formula: see text]. Our results suggest that the experimentally reported improvement of the photocurrent under pressure may be ascribed to an increase in intermolecular interactions as also the dielectric tensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayami Abdulla
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
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39
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Malloci G, Vargiu AV, Serra G, Bosin A, Ruggerone P, Ceccarelli M. A Database of Force-Field Parameters, Dynamics, and Properties of Antimicrobial Compounds. Molecules 2015; 20:13997-4021. [PMID: 26247924 PMCID: PMC6332394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200813997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an on-line database of all-atom force-field parameters and molecular properties of compounds with antimicrobial activity (mostly antibiotics and some beta-lactamase inhibitors). For each compound, we provide the General Amber Force Field parameters for the major species at physiological pH, together with an analysis of properties of interest as extracted from µs-long molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water solution. The properties include number and population of structural clusters, molecular flexibility, hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecular surfaces, the statistics of intraand inter-molecular H-bonds, as well as structural and dynamical properties of solvent molecules within first and second solvation shells. In addition, the database contains several key molecular parameters, such as energy of the frontier molecular orbitals, vibrational properties, rotational constants, atomic partial charges and electric dipole moment, computed by Density Functional Theory. The present database (to our knowledge the first extensive one including dynamical properties) is part of a wider project aiming to build-up a database containing structural, physico-chemical and dynamical properties of medicinal compounds using different force-field parameters with increasing level of complexity and reliability. The database is freely accessible at http://www.dsf.unica.it/translocation/db/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Malloci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Attilio Vittorio Vargiu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Giovanni Serra
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Andrea Bosin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Paolo Ruggerone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Matteo Ceccarelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
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40
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Pilleri P, Joblin C, Boulanger F, Onaka T. Mixed aliphatic and aromatic composition of evaporating very small grains in NGC 7023 revealed by the 3.4/3.3 μm ratio. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2015; 577:A16. [PMID: 26594053 PMCID: PMC4650199 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201425590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT A chemical scenario was proposed for photon-dominated regions (PDRs) according to which UV photons from nearby stars lead to the evaporation of very small grains (VSGs) and the production of gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). AIMS Our goal is to achieve better insight into the composition and evolution of evaporating very small grains (eVSGs) and PAHs through analyzing the infrared (IR) aliphatic and aromatic emission bands. METHODS We combined spectro-imagery in the near- and mid-IR to study the spatial evolution of the emission bands in the prototypical PDR NGC 7023. We used near-IR spectra obtained with the IRC instrument onboard AKARI to trace the evolution of the 3.3 μm and 3.4 μm bands, which are associated with aromatic and aliphatic C-H bonds on PAHs. The spectral fitting involved an additional broad feature centered at 3.45 μm that is often referred to as the plateau. Mid-IR observations obtained with the IRS instrument onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope were used to distinguish the signatures of eVSGs and neutral and cationic PAHs. We correlated the spatial evolution of all these bands with the intensity of the UV field given in units of the Habing field G0 to explore how their carriers are processed. RESULTS The intensity of the 3.45 μm plateau shows an excellent correlation with that of the 3.3 μm aromatic band (correlation coefficient R = 0.95) and a relatively poor correlation with the aliphatic 3.4 μm band (R=0.77). This indicates that the 3.45 μm feature is dominated by the emission from aromatic bonds. We show that the ratio of the 3.4 μm and 3.3 μm band intensity (I3.4/I3.3) decreases by a factor of 4 at the PDR interface from the more UV-shielded layers (G0 ~ 150, I3.4/I3.3 = 0.13) to the more exposed layers (G0 > 1 × 104, I3.4/I3.3 = 0.03). The intensity of the 3.3 μm band relative to the total neutral PAH intensity shows an overall increase with G0, associated with an increase of both the hardness of the UV field and the H abundance. In contrast, the intensity of the 3.4 μm band relative to the total neutral PAH intensity decreases with G0, showing that their carriers are actively destroyed by UV irradiation and are not efficiently regenerated. The transition region between the aliphatic and aromatic material is found to correspond spatially with the transition zone between neutral PAHs and eVSGs. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the photo-processing of eVSGs leads to the production of PAHs with attached aliphatic sidegroups that are revealed by the 3.4 μm emission band. Our analysis provides evidence for the presence of very small grains of mixed aromatic and aliphatic composition in PDRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pilleri
- Université de Toulouse; UPS-OMP; IRAP; Toulouse, France ; CNRS; IRAP; 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - C Joblin
- Université de Toulouse; UPS-OMP; IRAP; Toulouse, France ; CNRS; IRAP; 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - F Boulanger
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - T Onaka
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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41
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Berné O, Montillaud J, Joblin C. Top-down formation of fullerenes in the interstellar medium. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2015; 577:A133. [PMID: 26722131 PMCID: PMC4693962 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201425338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes have been recently detected in various circumstellar and interstellar environments, raising the question of their formation pathway. It has been proposed that they can form at the low densities found in the interstellar medium by the photo-chemical processing of large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Following our previous work on the evolution of PAHs in the NGC 7023 reflection nebula, we evaluate, using photochemical modeling, the possibility that the PAH C66H20 (i.e. circumovalene) can lead to the formation of C60 upon irradiation by ultraviolet photons. The chemical pathway involves full dehydrogenation of C66H20, folding into a floppy closed cage and shrinking of the cage by loss of C2 units until it reaches the symmetric C60 molecule. At 10" from the illuminating star and with realistic molecular parameters, the model predicts that 100% of C66H20 is converted into C60 in ~ 105 years, a timescale comparable to the age of the nebula. Shrinking appears to be the kinetically limiting step of the whole process. Hence, PAHs larger than C66H20 are unlikely to contribute significantly to the formation of C60, while PAHs containing between 60 and 66 C atoms should contribute to the formation of C60 with shorter timescales, and PAHs containing less than 60 C atoms will be destroyed. Assuming a classical size distribution for the PAH precursors, our model predicts absolute abundances of C60 are up to several 10-4 of the elemental carbon, i.e. less than a percent of the typical interstellar PAH abundance, which is consistent with observational studies. According to our model, once formed, C60 can survive much longer (> 107 years for radiation fields below G0 = 104) than other fullerenes because of the remarkable stability of the C60 molecule at high internal energies. Hence, a natural consequence is that C60 is more abundant than other fullerenes in highly irradiated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Berné
- Université de Toulouse; UPS-OMP; IRAP; Toulouse, France ; CNRS; IRAP; 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - J Montillaud
- Department of Physics, PO Box 64, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland ; Institut Utinam, CNRS UMR 6213, OSU THETA, Université de Franche-Comté, 41bis avenue de l'Observatoire, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - C Joblin
- Université de Toulouse; UPS-OMP; IRAP; Toulouse, France ; CNRS; IRAP; 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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Pirali O, Kisiel Z, Goubet M, Gruet S, Martin-Drumel MA, Cuisset A, Hindle F, Mouret G. Rotation-vibration interactions in the spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Quinoline as a test-case species. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:104310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4913750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O. Pirali
- AILES Beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, l’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 CNRS – Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Z. Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Goubet
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR 8523 CNRS - Université Lille 1, Bâtiment P5, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France
| | - S. Gruet
- AILES Beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, l’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 CNRS – Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - M. A. Martin-Drumel
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, EA-4493, Université du Littoral – Côte d’Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - A. Cuisset
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, EA-4493, Université du Littoral – Côte d’Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - F. Hindle
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, EA-4493, Université du Littoral – Côte d’Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - G. Mouret
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, EA-4493, Université du Littoral – Côte d’Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
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Adkins EM, Miller JH. Extinction measurements for optical band gap determination of soot in a series of nitrogen-diluted ethylene/air non-premixed flames. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:2686-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04452e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The critical PAH size for particle inception in the soot formation mechanism has been defined by correlating the experimentally determined optical band gap with calculated HOMO–LUMO gaps for a range of pericondensed PAHs. The observed optical band gap is consistent with a PAH of about 14 rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Adkins
- Department of Chemistry
- George Washington University
- Washington
- USA
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Zhen J, Castellanos P, Paardekooper DM, Linnartz H, Tielens AGGM. LABORATORY FORMATION OF FULLERENES FROM PAHS: TOP-DOWN INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/797/2/l30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bréchignac P, Garcia GA, Falvo C, Joblin C, Kokkin D, Bonnamy A, Parneix P, Pino T, Pirali O, Mulas G, Nahon L. Photoionization of cold gas phase coronene and its clusters: Autoionization resonances in monomer, dimer, and trimer and electronic structure of monomer cation. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:164325. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4900427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bréchignac
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, CNRS UMR8214, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, B.P. 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cyril Falvo
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, CNRS UMR8214, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christine Joblin
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse 3 - CNRS, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, B.P. 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Damian Kokkin
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse 3 - CNRS, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, B.P. 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Anthony Bonnamy
- IRAP, Université de Toulouse 3 - CNRS, 9 Av. Colonel Roche, B.P. 44346, F-31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Pascal Parneix
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, CNRS UMR8214, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Pino
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, CNRS UMR8214, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Pirali
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, CNRS UMR8214, Univ Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Giacomo Mulas
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, via della scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, B.P. 48, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Cocchi C, Prezzi D, Ruini A, Caldas MJ, Molinari E. Anisotropy and size effects on the optical spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:6507-13. [PMID: 24984100 DOI: 10.1021/jp503054j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The electronic and optical properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present a strong dependence on their size and geometry. We tackle this issue by analyzing the spectral features of two prototypical classes of PAHs, belonging to D6h and D2h symmetry point groups and related to coronene as multifunctional seed. While the size variation induces an overall red shift of the spectra and a redistribution of the oscillator strength between the main peaks, a lower molecular symmetry is responsible for the appearance of new optical features. Along with broken molecular orbital degeneracies, optical peaks split and dark states are activated in the low-energy part of the spectrum. Supported by a systematic analysis of the composition and the character of the optical transitions, our results contribute in shedding light to the mechanisms responsible for spectral modifications in the visible and near UV absorption bands of medium-size PAHs.
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Cardia R, Malloci G, Mattoni A, Cappellini G. Effects of TIPS-Functionalization and Perhalogenation on the Electronic, Optical, and Transport Properties of Angular and Compact Dibenzochrysene. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5170-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp502022t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Cardia
- Università degli studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di
Fisica, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Istituto Officina
dei Materiali (CNR - IOM), UOS di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - G. Malloci
- Università degli studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di
Fisica, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Istituto Officina
dei Materiali (CNR - IOM), UOS di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A. Mattoni
- Istituto Officina
dei Materiali (CNR - IOM), UOS di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - G. Cappellini
- Università degli studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di
Fisica, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Istituto Officina
dei Materiali (CNR - IOM), UOS di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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Dominikowska J, Domagala M, Palusiak M. UV-vis spectra of singlet state cationic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Time-dependent density functional theory study. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:044324. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4862902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Friha H, Féraud G, Troy T, Falvo C, Parneix P, Bréchignac P, Dhaouadi Z, Schmidt TW, Pino T. Visible photodissociation spectra of the 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene cations: laser spectroscopy and theoretical simulations. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13664-72. [PMID: 24117136 DOI: 10.1021/jp407627x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The electronic absorption spectra of the two methyl derivatives of the naphthalene cation were measured using an argon tagging technique. In both cases, a band system was observed in the visible range and assigned to the D2 ← D0 electronic transition. The 1-methylnaphthalene(+) absorption bands revealed a red shift of 808 cm(-1), relative to those of the naphthalene cation (14,906 cm(-1)), whereas for 2-methylnaphthalene(+) a blue shift of 226 cm(-1) appeared. A short vibrational progression, similar to the naphthalene cation, was also observed for both isomers and found to involve similar aromatic ring skeleton vibrations. Moreover, insights into the internal rotation motion of the methyl group were inferred, although the spectral resolution was not sufficient to fully resolve the substructure. These measurements were supported by detailed quantum chemical calculations. They allowed exploration of the potential energy curves along this internal coordinate, along with a complete simulation of the harmonic Franck-Condon factors using the cumulant Gaussian fluctuations formalism extended to include the internal rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Friha
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud , 91405 Orsay, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Monaco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università di Salerno; via ponte Don Melillo Fisciano 84084 SA Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università di Salerno; via ponte Don Melillo Fisciano 84084 SA Italy
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