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Motyka R, Nastula K, Pander P, Honisz D, Tomczyk M, Erfurt K, Blacha-Grzechnik A. S/Se-Terchalcogenophene-C 60 Dyads: Synthesis and Characterization of Optical and Photosensitizing Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2605. [PMID: 37048899 PMCID: PMC10095422 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes have been long investigated for application as singlet oxygen sources. Even though they possess high photosensitizing efficiency, their practical use is still limited, mostly because of insufficient absorption of visible and/or near-infrared light. This limitation can be overcome by introducing organic chromophores that absorb longer-wavelength light, either by covalent attachment to C60 or by its encapsulation in a polymeric matrix. In this work, we investigated the photosensitizing properties of the C60 molecule functionalized with organic units comprising thiophene or selenophene rings. The chemical structures of the synthesized dyads were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The influence of the S/Se atoms and vinyl linkage between the organic unit and C60 on the absorptive and emissive properties of the dyads was investigated and correlated with their photosensitizing activity. For the latter, we used a standard chemical singlet oxygen trap. A selected dyad C60ThSe2 was also applied as a source of singlet oxygen in a model photocatalyzed synthesis of the fine chemical juglone from 1,5-dihydroxynapthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Motyka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Klaudia Nastula
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Piotr Pander
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Damian Honisz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Tomczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agata Blacha-Grzechnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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2
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Liosi K, Stasyuk AJ, Masero F, Voityuk AA, Nauser T, Mougel V, Solà M, Yamakoshi Y. Unexpected Disparity in Photoinduced Reactions of C 60 and C 70 in Water with the Generation of O 2 •- or 1O 2. JACS AU 2021; 1:1601-1611. [PMID: 34723263 PMCID: PMC8549049 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined fullerene-PEG conjugates, C60-PEG (1) and two C70-PEG (2 and 3 with the addition sites on ab-[6,6] and cc-[6,6]-junctions), were prepared from their corresponding Prato monoadduct precursors. The resulting highly water-soluble fullerene-PEG conjugates 1-3 were evaluated for their DNA-cleaving activities and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under visible light irradiation. Unexpectedly, photoinduced cleavage of DNA by C60-PEG 1 was much higher than that by C70-PEG 2 and 3 with higher absorption intensity, especially in the presence of an electron donor (NADH). The preference of photoinduced ROS generation from fullerene-PEG conjugates 1-3 via the type II (energy transfer) or the type I (electron transfer) photoreaction was found to be dependent on the fullerene core (between C60 and C70) and functionalization pattern of C70 (between 2 and 3). This was clearly supported by the electron transfer rate obtained from cyclic voltammetry data and computationally estimated relative rate of each step of the type II and the type I reactions, with the finding that type II energy transfer reactions occurred in the inverted Marcus regime while type I electron transfer reactions proceeded in the normal Marcus regime. This finding on the disparity in the pathways of photoinduced reactions (type I versus type II) provides insights into the behavior of photosensitizers in water and the design of photodynamic therapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korinne Liosi
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anton J. Stasyuk
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fabio Masero
- Laboratorium
für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A. Voityuk
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas Nauser
- Laboratorium
für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Laboratorium
für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yoko Yamakoshi
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Mono- and Di-Pyrene [60]Fullerene and [70]Fullerene Derivatives as Potential Components for Photovoltaic Devices. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061561. [PMID: 33809087 PMCID: PMC7998167 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we report the successful synthesis and characterization of six (two new) fullerene mono- and di-pyrene derivatives based on C60 and C70 fullerenes. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral methods (ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR, photoluminescence and photocurrent spectroscopy). The energy of HOMO and LUMO levels and the band gaps were determined from cyclic voltammetry and compared with the theoretical values calculated according to the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d) and DFT/PBE/6-311G(d,p) approach for fully optimized molecular structures at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Efficiency of solar cells made of PTB7: C60 and C70 fullerene pyrene derivatives were analyzed based on the determined energy levels of the HOMO and LUMO orbitals of the derivatives as well as the extensive spectral results of fullerene derivatives and their mixtures with PTB7. As a result, we found that the electronic and spectral properties, on which the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell is believed to depend, slightly changes with the number and type of pyrene substituents on the fullerene core. The efficiency of constructed solar cells largely depends on the homogeneity of the photovoltaic layer, which, in turn, is a derivative of the solubility of fullerene derivatives in the solvent used to apply these layers by spincoating.
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4
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Dallas P, Velasco PQ, Lebedeva M, Porfyrakis K. Detecting the photosensitization from fullerenes and their dyads with gold nanoparticles with singlet oxygen sensor green. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Goswami S, Ray D, Otake KI, Kung CW, Garibay SJ, Islamoglu T, Atilgan A, Cui Y, Cramer CJ, Farha OK, Hupp JT. A porous, electrically conductive hexa-zirconium(iv) metal-organic framework. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4477-4482. [PMID: 29896389 PMCID: PMC5956983 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00961a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Engendering electrical conductivity in high-porosity metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) promises to unlock the full potential of MOFs for electrical energy storage, electrocatalysis, or integration of MOFs with conventional electronic materials. Here we report that a porous zirconium-node-containing MOF, NU-901, can be rendered electronically conductive by physically encapsulating C60, an excellent electron acceptor, within a fraction (ca. 60%) of the diamond-shaped cavities of the MOF. The cavities are defined by node-connected tetra-phenyl-carboxylated pyrene linkers, i.e. species that are excellent electron donors. The bulk electrical conductivity of the MOF is shown to increase from immeasurably low to 10-3 S cm-1, following fullerene incorporation. The observed conductivity originates from electron donor-acceptor interactions, i.e. charge-transfer interactions - a conclusion that is supported by density functional theory calculations and by the observation of a charge-transfer-derived band in the electronic absorption spectrum of the hybrid material. Notably, the conductive version of the MOF retains substantial nanoscale porosity and continues to display a sizable internal surface area, suggesting potential future applications that capitalize on the ability of the material to sorb molecular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Goswami
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Debmalya Ray
- Department of Chemistry , Chemical Theory Center , Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , MN 55455 , USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Otake
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Chung-Wei Kung
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Sergio J Garibay
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Timur Islamoglu
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Ahmet Atilgan
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Yuexing Cui
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry , Chemical Theory Center , Minnesota Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE , Minneapolis , MN 55455 , USA
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
- Department of Chemistry , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
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6
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Ballatore MB, Spesia MB, Milanesio ME, Durantini EN. Mechanistic insight into the photodynamic effect mediated by porphyrin-fullerene C60 dyads in solution and in Staphylococcus aureus cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22876-22886. [PMID: 35540123 PMCID: PMC9081455 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04562c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The photodynamic action mechanism sensitized by a non-charged porphyrin-fullerene C60 dyad and its tetracationic analogue was investigated in solution and in Staphylococcus aureus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Belén Ballatore
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- Córdoba
| | - Mariana B. Spesia
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- Córdoba
| | - M. Elisa Milanesio
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- Córdoba
| | - Edgardo N. Durantini
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- Córdoba
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7
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Dallas P, Zhou S, Cornes S, Niwa H, Nakanishi Y, Kino Y, Puchtler T, Taylor RA, Briggs GAD, Shinohara H, Porfyrakis K. CF2
-Bridged C60
Fullerene Dimers and their Optical Transitions. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:3540-3543. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Dallas
- Department of Materials; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3PH United Kingdom
| | - Shen Zhou
- Department of Materials; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3PH United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Cornes
- Department of Materials; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3PH United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Tim Puchtler
- Department of Physics; Clarendon Laboratory; University of Oxford; United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. Taylor
- Department of Physics; Clarendon Laboratory; University of Oxford; United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Kyriakos Porfyrakis
- Department of Materials; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3PH United Kingdom
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8
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Zhou Z, Song J, Nie L, Chen X. Reactive oxygen species generating systems meeting challenges of photodynamic cancer therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:6597-6626. [PMID: 27722328 PMCID: PMC5118097 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00271d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1187] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mechanism is the major cause underlying the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The PDT procedure is based on the cascade of synergistic effects between light, a photosensitizer (PS) and oxygen, which greatly favors the spatiotemporal control of the treatment. This procedure has also evoked several unresolved challenges at different levels including (i) the limited penetration depth of light, which restricts traditional PDT to superficial tumours; (ii) oxygen reliance does not allow PDT treatment of hypoxic tumours; (iii) light can complicate the phototherapeutic outcomes because of the concurrent heat generation; (iv) specific delivery of PSs to sub-cellular organelles for exerting effective toxicity remains an issue; and (v) side effects from undesirable white-light activation and self-catalysation of traditional PSs. Recent advances in nanotechnology and nanomedicine have provided new opportunities to develop ROS-generating systems through photodynamic or non-photodynamic procedures while tackling the challenges of the current PDT approaches. In this review, we summarize the current status and discuss the possible opportunities for ROS generation for cancer therapy. We hope this review will spur pre-clinical research and clinical practice for ROS-mediated tumour treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhou
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China. and Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Jibin Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Liming Nie
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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