1
|
Xie P, Wu Y, Lee YY, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Asterias Rolleston starfish gonad lipids: A novel source of Omega-3 fatty acids - assessment of major components and their antioxidant activities. Food Chem 2024; 456:140005. [PMID: 38870815 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The major lipids and antioxidant activities of Asterias rolleston gonad lipids were evaluated systematically. Major lipids of A. Rolleston gonad lipids were triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phospholipids (PLs). Total lipids were composed of 15.62% of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and 40.81% of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The most abundant PUFA were C20:5n-3 (EPA) (6.28%) and C22:6n-3 (DHA) (5.80%). Predominantly composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), polar lipids were rich in PUFAs and could contain up to 34.59% EPA and DHA, and PE and PI (phosphatidylinositol) were also found to be the main carriers of EPA and ARA (arachidonic acid) in polar lipids. The MUFA and PUFA of Sn-2 in TAG are 39.72% and 30.37%, respectively. A total of 64 TAG species were identified, with Eo-P-M, Eo-Eo-M, and M-M-Eo being the main TAGs components. Moreover, A. rollestoni gonad lipids exhibited potent radical scavenging activities and reducing power in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengkai Xie
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Yee-Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
T Cruz J, Karen Álvarez, H Orozco V, Mauricio Rojas, A Morales-Luckie R, F Giraldo L. PLGA-LEC/F127 hybrid nanoparticles loaded with curcumin and their modulatory effect on monocytes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:1407-1423. [PMID: 38920352 PMCID: PMC11382718 DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2357530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the effect of surfactant type on curcumin-loaded (CUR) PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) to modulate monocyte functions. Materials & methods: The nanoprecipitation method was used, and PLGA NPs were designed using Pluronic F127 (F127) and/or lecithin (LEC) as surfactants. Results: The Z-average of the NPs was <200 nm, they had a spherical shape, Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov modulus >0.128 MPa, they were stable during storage at 4°C, ζ-potential ∼-40 mV, polydispersity index <0.26 and % EE of CUR >94%. PLGA-LEC/F127 NPs showed favorable physicochemical and nanomechanical properties. These NPs were bound and internalized mainly by monocytes, suppressed monocyte-induced reactive oxygen species production, and decreased the ability of monocytes to modulate T-cell proliferation. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the potential of these NPs for targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Cruz
- Polymer Research Laboratory (LIPOL), Institute of Chemistry, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of the Amazonia (UDLA), Florencia, Colombia
| | - Karen Álvarez
- Cellular Immunology & Immunogenetics Group (GICIG), University Research Headquarters (SIU), University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Víctor H Orozco
- Polymer Research Laboratory (LIPOL), Institute of Chemistry, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Cellular Immunology & Immunogenetics Group (GICIG), University Research Headquarters (SIU), University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Raul A Morales-Luckie
- Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Sustainable Chemistry Research Joint Center UAEM-UNAM (CCIQS), Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Luis F Giraldo
- Polymer Research Laboratory (LIPOL), Institute of Chemistry, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Badaoui W, Marhuenda-Egea FC, Valero-Rodriguez JM, Sanchez-Jerez P, Arechavala-Lopez P, Toledo-Guedes K. Metabolomic and Lipidomic Tools for Tracing Fish Escapes from Aquaculture Facilities. ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 4:871-879. [PMID: 38660052 PMCID: PMC11036387 DOI: 10.1021/acsfoodscitech.3c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
During adverse atmospheric events, enormous damage can occur at marine aquaculture facilities, as was the case during Storm Gloria in the southeastern Spanish Mediterranean in January 2020, with massive fish escapes. Fishes that escape were caught by professional fishermen. The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers in fish that enable differentiation among wild fish, escaped farm-raised fish, and farm-raised fish kept in aquaculture facilities until their slaughter. We focused on gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to search for possible biomarkers. We found that wild gilthead sea bream showed higher levels of taurine and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in their muscle and higher levels of ω-3 fatty acids, whereas farm-escaped and farmed gilthead sea bream raised until slaughter exhibit higher levels of ω-6 fatty acids. From choline, carnitine, creatinine, betaine, or lecithin, trimethylamine (TMA) is synthesized in the intestine by the action of bacterial microflora. In the liver, TMA is oxidized to TMAO and transported to muscle cells. The identified biomarkers will improve the traceability of gilthead sea bream by distinguishing wild specimens from those raised in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warda Badaoui
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Agricultural Chemistry and
Edafology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig
s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Frutos C. Marhuenda-Egea
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Agricultural Chemistry and
Edafology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig
s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Sanchez-Jerez
- Department
of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo Arechavala-Lopez
- Mediterranean
Institute of Advanced Studies (IMEDEA-CSIC), C/Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Kilian Toledo-Guedes
- Department
of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meidell LS, Slizyte R, Mozuraityte R, Carvajal AK, Rustad T, Standal IB, Kopczyk M, Falch E. Silage for upcycling oil from saithe ( Pollachius virens) viscera - Effect of raw material freshness on the oil quality. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16972. [PMID: 37342572 PMCID: PMC10277516 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate how the freshness of saithe (Pollachius virens) viscera affected the quality, composition and yield of oil obtained by silaging. Minced viscera with and without liver were stored separately for up to 3 days at 4 °C before silaging at pH 3.8 for 6 days at 10 °C. An antioxidant mixture was added to evaluate the effect on the lipid oxidation. Oil was extracted thermally from untreated raw material during storage (day 0-3) and after silaging. For oil obtained after silaging of viscera with liver, the oil yields increased significantly when the raw material was stored for more than one day prior to the treatment. Use of fresh raw material (collected at day 0) led to significantly lower oxidation compared to longer raw material storage. After one day of storage, the oxidation was less dependent on the freshness. Silaging with antioxidants resulted in significantly lower formation of oxidation products compared to acid without antioxidants and the most significant differences were observed after one day of storage. Contents of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total omega-3 fatty acids decreased significantly when the raw material was stored for 1-3 days prior to silaging compared to fresh raw material. Results obtained by high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy indicated that oxidation of esterified DHA might explain the DHA decrease. The free fatty acid content was highest when fresh raw material was used and was most likely affected by the formation of cholesteryl esters observed in NMR spectra after longer storage. The study shows that although the oil quality is reduced during silaging, processing shortly after catch and use of antioxidants can optimize the quality resulting in less oxidized oil richer in omega-3 fatty acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Line Skontorp Meidell
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Sverres gate 12, 7012, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rasa Slizyte
- SINTEF Ocean, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Turid Rustad
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Sverres gate 12, 7012, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Monika Kopczyk
- Scanbio Marine Group, Bjugnveien 242, 7160, Bjugn, Norway
| | - Eva Falch
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Sverres gate 12, 7012, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lou Q, Guan X, Jin J, Jin Q, Wang X. Characteristics of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil and its digestion behaviors. Food Chem 2023; 426:136466. [PMID: 37352711 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus fortunei, a potential underutilized oil resource, contains various active ingredients that exert positive effects on human health. In the present study, characteristics of C. fortunei kernel oil and its digestion properties were systematically investigated. Results indicated that C. fortunei kernels contained high oil content (64.59%), of which over 90% was triacylglycerols (TAGs). The kernel oil was rich in oleic acid (C18:1n-9, 42.88%), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, 31.05%), and sciadonic acid (C20:3n-6, 10.78%). The kernel oil also contained some beneficial fat-soluble nutrients, such as tocopherols (143 mg/kg) and phytosterols (1474 mg/kg). Thirty-five kinds of TAGs were identified, among which O-O-L (17.96%), O-O-O (12.12%), L-L-O (11.79%), O-L-Et (8.59%), and O-O-Et (8.76%) were the most abundant. In vitro digestion experiments showed that after 120 min of small intestine digestion, the maximum FFAs release level of the kernel oil was 75.02%, which was lower than that of soybean oil (89.63%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yandan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yiren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiaoming Lou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | | | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mendoza-Porras O, Nguyen TV, Shah RM, Thomas-Hall P, Bastin L, Deaker DJ, Motti CA, Byrne M, Beale DJ. Biochemical metabolomic profiling of the Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster): New insight into its biology for improved pest management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160525. [PMID: 36574554 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (COTS), Acanthaster species, is a voracious coral predator that destroys coral reefs when in outbreak status. The baseline metabolite and lipid biomolecules of 10 COTS tissues, including eggs from gravid females, were investigated in this study to provide insight into their biology and identify avenues for control. Targeted and untargeted metabolite- and lipidomics-based mass spectrometry approaches were used to obtain tissue-specific metabolite and lipid profiles. Across all COTS tissues, 410 metabolites and 367 lipids were identified. Most abundant were amino acids and peptides (18.7%) and wax esters (17%). There were 262 metabolites and 192 lipids identified in COTS eggs. Wax esters were more abundant in the eggs (30%) followed by triacylglycerols (TG), amino acids, and peptides. The diversity of asterosaponins in eggs (34) was higher than in tissues (2). Several asterosaponins known to modulate sperm acrosome reaction were putatively identified, including glycoside B, asterosaponin-4 (Co-Aris III), and regularoside B (asterosaponin A). The saponins saponin A, thornasteroside A, hillaside B, and non-saponins dictyol J and axinellamine B which have been shown to possess defensive properties, were found in abundance in gonads, skin, and radial nerve tissues. Inosine and 2-hexyldecanoic acid are the most abundant metabolites in tissues and eggs. As a secondary metabolite of purine degradation, inosine plays an important role in purine biosynthesis, while 2-hexyldecanoic acid is known to suppress side-chain crystallization during the synthesis of amphiphilic macromolecules (i.e., phospholipids). These significant spatial changes in metabolite, lipid, and asterosaponin profiles enabled unique insights into key biological tissue-specific processes that could be manipulated to better control COTS populations. Our findings highlight COTS as a novel source of molecules with therapeutic and cosmetic properties (ceramides, sphingolipids, carnosine, and inosine). These outcomes will be highly relevant for the development of strategies for COTS management including chemotaxis-based biocontrol and exploitation of COTS carcasses for the extraction of commercial molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mendoza-Porras
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Thao V Nguyen
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Rohan M Shah
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Peter Thomas-Hall
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Lee Bastin
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Dione J Deaker
- Marine Studies Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Cherie A Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Maria Byrne
- Marine Studies Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David J Beale
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shen Q, Song G, Zhao Q, Wang P, Yang H, Xue J, Wang H, Cui Y, Wang H. Detection of lipidomics characterization of tuna meat during different wet-aging stages using iKnife rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields on the Lipidomic Profile of Lipid Extracted from Hoki Fish Male Gonad. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040610. [PMID: 35206091 PMCID: PMC8871228 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Processing of hoki, a commercially important fish species, generates substantial quantities of co-products, including male gonad, which contains valuable lipids, such as phospholipids, that could be recovered and utilised. Hoki fish male gonads (HMG) were subjected to pulsed electric fields (PEF) treatment at varying field strengths (0.625, 1.25, and 1.875 kV/cm) and frequencies (25, 50, and 100 Hz), at a fixed pulse width of 20 μs. The total lipid was extracted using an ethanol-hexane-based (ETHEX) extraction method, and the phospholipid and fatty acid compositions were determined using 31P NMR and GC-FID, respectively. The total lipid yield was increased from 4.1% to 6.7% by a relatively mild PEF pre-treatment at a field strength of 1.25 kV/cm and frequency of 50 Hz. A higher amount of EPA (8.2%), DPA (2.7%), and DHA (35.7%) were obtained by that treatment, compared to both un-heated (EPA: 8%; DPA: 2.5%; DHA: 35.2%) and heat-treated controls (EPA: 7.9%; DPA: 2.5%; DHA: 34%). No significant changes to the content of the major phospholipids were observed. PEF pre-treatment under mild conditions has potential for improving the total lipid yield extracted from fish male gonad.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ladisa C, Ma Y, Habibi HR. Seasonally related metabolic changes and energy allocation associated with growth and reproductive phases in the liver of male goldfish (Carassius auratus). J Proteomics 2021; 241:104237. [PMID: 33894374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction and growth follow a seasonal pattern in many fish species involving changes in gonadal development, growth, and metabolism. Significant metabolic energy is needed during gametogenesis in both female and male to produce hundreds of eggs and billions of sperms. Seasonal variations are controlled by the hormones of brain-pituitary-peripheral axis and are accompanied by significant metabolic changes. There is evidence that GnRH and GnIH are among the key neurohormones that regulate the reciprocal control of growth and reproduction. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in metabolic profile and energy allocation patterns at different stages of reproduction, using goldfish as a model organism and LC-MS as analytical platform for metabolic analysis. Goldfish undergoes a clear seasonal cycle of growth and reproduction. In vivo experiments were conducted at three different time point of the annual cycle: regressed gonadal phase (peak growth phase), mid gametogenesis and late gametogenesis. Emphasis is placed on changes in liver metabolic pathways to energetically sustain the physiological processes related to growth and reproduction. Moreover, we tested the hypothesis that GnRH and GnIH may play a role in the regulation of metabolism by investigating acute effects of these peptides at different stages of reproductive cycle. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings in this paper provide novel information on the seasonal changes in basal metabolism during different stages of reproductive cycle, and evidence for differential allocation of energy during reciprocal control of reproduction and growth in goldfish. Chemometrics combined with pathway-driven bioinformatics elucidated a shift in the metabolic profile, indicating distinct patterns of energy allocation in the reproductive and growth seasons. Furthermore, to our knowledge this is the first study to provide evidence for a possible regulatory role of GnRH and GnIH in liver metabolism and energy allocation patterns associated with growth and reproductive processes. Together our findings present a framework for better understanding of the hormonally induced changes in metabolism to energetically sustain growth and reproduction in fish and other oviparous species undergoing seasonal cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ladisa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hamid R Habibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Todeschini S, Perreault V, Goulet C, Bouchard M, Dubé P, Boutin Y, Bazinet L. Development of a New Deodorization Method of Herring Milt Hydrolysate: Impacts of pH, Stirring with Nitrogen and Deaerator Treatment on the Odorous Content. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040884. [PMID: 33920688 PMCID: PMC8073558 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herring milt hydrolysate (HMH) presents the disadvantage of being associated with an unpleasant smell limiting its use. Thus, to develop a new effective and easy-to-use deodorization method, this research aimed to deepen the knowledge regarding the impacts of pH (pH 7 vs. pH 10), overnight stirring with nitrogen (+N vs. −N) and deaerator treatment (+D vs. −D) on the odorous content of HMH. This latter included dimethylamine (DMA), trimethylamine (TMA), trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and the most potent odor-active compounds of HMH. Results showed that pH had a huge impact on the targeted compounds resulting in higher detected concentrations of DMA, TMA and TMAO at pH 10 than at pH 7 (p < 0.05) while the opposite trend was observed for the most potent odor-active compounds of HMH (p < 0.05). Moreover, independently of the pH condition, the overnight stirring with or without nitrogen had no impact (p > 0.05). Finally, the deaerator treatment was more effective to remove TMA and DMA at pH 10 than at pH 7 (p < 0.05) while the opposite trend was observed for the most potent odor-active compounds (p < 0.05). Sensory analysis confirmed that the application of pH 10 −N +D and pH 7 −N +D + alkalization pH 10 conditions led to the least odorous products (p < 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Todeschini
- Department of Food Sciences and Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ÉlectroMembranaires (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (S.T.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Véronique Perreault
- Department of Food Sciences and Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ÉlectroMembranaires (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (S.T.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Charles Goulet
- Department of Phytology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Mélanie Bouchard
- Investissement Québec-Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ, Quebec Investment–Industrial Research Center of Quebec), Québec, QC G1P 4C7, Canada; (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Pascal Dubé
- Investissement Québec-Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ, Quebec Investment–Industrial Research Center of Quebec), Québec, QC G1P 4C7, Canada; (M.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Yvan Boutin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Centre Collégial de Transfert de Technologie en Biotechnologie (TransBIOTech, College Center for Technology Transfer in Biotechnology), Lévis, QC G6V 6Z9, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Department of Food Sciences and Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ÉlectroMembranaires (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (S.T.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-656-2131 (ext. 407445); Fax: +1-418-656-3353
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saliu F, Magoni C, Lasagni M, Della Pergola R, Labra M. Multi-analytical characterization of perigonadal fat in bluefin tuna: from waste to marine lipid source. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4571-4579. [PMID: 30883753 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine lipids are widely recognized as supplements beneficial to health in the human diet. Bluefin tuna, as most migrating fish, may have high and variable marine lipid contents in their tissues. The viscera of the specimens caught in the Mediterranean Sea are generally discarded. Only ovaries are (locally) used for artisanal seafood preparations. RESULTS A multi-analytical approach carried out using infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) revealed that the perigonadal fats usually discarded during bluefin tuna evisceration are characterized by a high relative abundance of polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (76.2% of dry mass), with docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5) acids preferentially located at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. By contrast, in fats from the ovarian tissues, no wax esters and phospholipids were evidenced. Cholesterol was found in very low amounts (84 mg/100 g ovarian tissue). In vitro assays showed that this fatty material is rapidly hydrolyzed by lipase and is prone to auto-oxidation, especially if compared to the stable wax esters contained in the ovary. CONCLUSION The results show that the perigonadal fats of bluefin tuna, traditionally wasted after evisceration, may be an interesting source for the preparation of marine lipid supplements that do not require complex fractionation processes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Saliu
- Earth and Environmental Science Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Magoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Lasagni
- Earth and Environmental Science Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Della Pergola
- Earth and Environmental Science Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Labra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lipid classes and fatty acids composition of the roe of wild Silurus glanis from subalpine freshwater. Food Chem 2017; 232:163-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Sanna R, Siliani S, Melis R, Loi B, Baroli M, Roggio T, Uzzau S, Anedda R. The role of fatty acids and triglycerides in the gonads of Paracentrotus lividus from Sardinia: Growth, reproduction and cold acclimatization. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 130:113-121. [PMID: 28754521 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A detailed characterization of lipid extracts from gonads of P. lividus over a year has been performed combining GC and NMR measurements. For this purpose, sea urchins from two different Sardinian coastal areas were collected monthly. The results underlined a correlation between gonad fatty acids profiles and both water temperature and reproduction process. In particular, EPA and ARA appear to be the most altered fatty acids following seasonal changes. It is suggested that EPA could represent a biomarker of reproduction, reaching a content around 14% during gametogenesis, mainly due to an increase of the sn-1,3 position in TAGs. On the contrary, ARA seems to play a more important role in response to cold acclimatization, which is reflected in a modulation of ARA content in the sn-1,3 position in TAGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Sanna
- Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l. - S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy.
| | - Silvia Siliani
- Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l. - S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Melis
- Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l. - S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy.
| | - Barbara Loi
- IMC - International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, 09170, Torregrande, OR, Italy; University of Tuscia, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, VT, Italy.
| | - Maura Baroli
- IMC - International Marine Centre, Loc. Sa Mardini, 09170, Torregrande, OR, Italy.
| | - Tonina Roggio
- Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l. - S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy.
| | - Sergio Uzzau
- Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l. - S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy.
| | - Roberto Anedda
- Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l. - S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mozuraityte R, Kristinova V, Standal IB, Evensen H, Rustad T. Applicability of traditional and advanced methods for oxidative quality and stability on marine phospholipids. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henning Evensen
- Department of Biotechnology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | - Turid Rustad
- Department of Biotechnology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chvalová D, Špička J. Identification of furan fatty acids in the lipids of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Food Chem 2016; 200:183-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
16
|
Cai H, Lin L, Ding S, Cui X, Chen Z. Fast quantification of fatty acid profile of intact fish by intermolecular double-quantum coherence1H-NMR spectroscopy. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; National Sun Yat-sen University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Shangwu Ding
- Department of Chemistry; National Sun Yat-sen University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Xiamen University; Xiamen P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Balçik Misir G, Tufan B, Köse S. Variations in Total Lipid and Fatty Acid Contents of Edible Muscle, Liver, and Roes of Spotless Shad,Alosa Immaculata, During Catching Season in Black Sea. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2013.816402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
18
|
Stabili L, Acquaviva MI, Biandolino F, Cavallo RA, De Pascali SA, Fanizzi FP, Narracci M, Cecere E, Petrocelli A. Biotechnological potential of the seaweed Cladophora rupestris (Chlorophyta, Cladophorales) lipidic extract. N Biotechnol 2014; 31:436-44. [PMID: 24852224 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, with the advent of modern technologies, various marine organisms including algae are being studied as sources of natural substances effective on classical microorganisms and able to also combat the new trend of acquired resistance in microbes. In the present study the antimicrobial activity of the lipidic extract of the green seaweed Cladophora rupestris collected in a Mediterranean area, in two sampling periods (January and April), was assayed. The chemical characterization of the lipidic fractions was performed by gas-chromatography and multinuclear and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. In the lipidic extract of C. rupestris collected in January an antibacterial activity against Enterococcus sp., Streptococcus agalactiae and Vibrio cholerae non-O1 was recorded; by contrast, bacterial inhibition was measured on several Vibrio species only in April. The fatty acid profile of C. rupestris lipidic extract, analyzed by gas chromatography, resulted mainly composed of palmitic, myristic, oleic, α linolenic, palmitoleic and linoleic acids. Moreover, since α-linolenic acid was the predominant ω3 fatty acid in April, we suggest its involvement in the antibacterial activity observed in this month, taking also into account that pure α-linolenic acid resulted effective towards some vibrios strains. C. rupestris fatty acid profile revealed also an interesting composition in polyunsaturated fatty acids in both the considered periods with the ω6/ω3 ratio lower than 1, leading to conclude that this macroalga may be employed as a natural source of ω3. Finally, the (1)H NMR spectrum in CDCl3 of algal lipid fractions showed the characteristic signals of saturated (SAFAs) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) as well as other metabolites and a marked difference in free fatty acids (FFAs) content for the two examined algal lipid fractions. It is noteworthy that C. rupestris lipidic extracts show, by NMR spectroscopy, the signal pattern of polyhydroxybutyrate, a natural biocompatible and biodegradable polymer. In conclusion, on account of its antimicrobial activity, nutritional value and bioplastic content, C. rupestris lipidic extract can be considered a promising source for future biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Stabili
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne Pal. B, S.P. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - M I Acquaviva
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - F Biandolino
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - R A Cavallo
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - S A De Pascali
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne Pal. B, S.P. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - F P Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Centro Ecotekne Pal. B, S.P. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - M Narracci
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - E Cecere
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - A Petrocelli
- Institute for Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC), C.N.R., via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cai H, Chen Y, Cui X, Cai S, Chen Z. High-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy of fish muscle, eggs and small whole fish via Hadamard-encoded intermolecular multiple-quantum coherence. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86422. [PMID: 24466083 PMCID: PMC3895039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has become an important technique for tissue studies. Since tissues are in semisolid-state, their high-resolution (HR) spectra cannot be obtained by conventional NMR spectroscopy. Because of this restriction, extraction and high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR MAS) are widely applied for HR NMR spectra of tissues. However, both of the methods are subject to limitations. In this study, the feasibility of HR (1)H NMR spectroscopy based on intermolecular multiple-quantum coherence (iMQC) technique is explored using fish muscle, fish eggs, and a whole fish as examples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intact salmon muscle tissues, intact eggs from shishamo smelt and a whole fish (Siamese algae eater) are studied by using conventional 1D one-pulse sequence, Hadamard-encoded iMQC sequence, and HR MAS. RESULTS When we use the conventional 1D one-pulse sequence, hardly any useful spectral information can be obtained due to the severe field inhomogeneity. By contrast, HR NMR spectra can be obtained in a short period of time by using the Hadamard-encoded iMQC method without shimming. Most signals from fatty acids and small metabolites can be observed. Compared to HR MAS, the iMQC method is non-invasive, but the resolution and the sensitivity of resulting spectra are not as high as those of HR MAS spectra. CONCLUSION Due to the immunity to field inhomogeneity, the iMQC technique can be a proper supplement to HR MAS, and it provides an alternative for the investigation in cases with field distortions and with samples unsuitable for spinning. The acquisition time of the proposed method is greatly reduced by introduction of the Hadamard-encoded technique, in comparison with that of conventional iMQC method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yushan Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- * E-mail: (ZC); (XC)
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- * E-mail: (ZC); (XC)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dietary supplementation of herring roe and milt enhances hepatic fatty acid catabolism in female mice transgenic for hTNFα. Eur J Nutr 2011; 51:741-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-011-0254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
21
|
Sautot P, Tarek M, Stébé MJ, Paris C, Arab-Tehrany E, Linder M. Structural, hydration, and phase transition properties of phosphatidylcholine from salmon heads. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
22
|
Standal IB, Axelson DE, Aursand M. 13C NMR as a tool for authentication of different gadoid fish species with emphasis on phospholipid profiles. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
23
|
Beal C, Webber M, Ruoff R, Hebner R. Lipid analysis of Neochloris oleoabundans by liquid state NMR. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 106:573-83. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
24
|
Comparison among different gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) farming systems: activity of intestinal and hepatic enzymes and 13C-NMR analysis of lipids. Nutrients 2009; 1:291-301. [PMID: 22253985 PMCID: PMC3257603 DOI: 10.3390/nu1020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate differences in general health and nutritional values of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), the effects of semi-intensive, land-based tanks and sea-cages intensive rearing systems were investigated, and results compared with captured wild fish. The physiological state was determined by measuring the activity of three different intestinal digestive enzymes: alkaline phosphatase (ALP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and maltase; and the activity of the hepatic ALP. Also, the hepatic content in protein, cholesterol, and lipid were assessed. 13C-NMR analysis for qualitative and quantitative characterization of the lipid fraction extracted from fish muscles for semi-intensive and land based tanks intensive systems was performed. The lipid fraction composition showed small but significant differences in the monounsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio, with the semi-intensive characterized by higher monounsaturated and lower saturated fatty acid content with respect to land based tanks intensive rearing system.
Collapse
|
25
|
Aursand M, Standal IB, Praël A, McEvoy L, Irvine J, Axelson DE. (13)C NMR pattern recognition techniques for the classification of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) according to their wild, farmed, and geographical origin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3444-3451. [PMID: 19348423 DOI: 10.1021/jf8039268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in combination with multivariate data analysis was used to (1) discriminate between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.), (2) discriminate between different geographical origins, and (3) verify the origin of market samples. Muscle lipids from 195 Atlantic salmon of known origin (wild and farmed salmon from Norway, Scotland, Canada, Iceland, Ireland, the Faroes, and Tasmania) in addition to market samples were analyzed by (13)C NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. Both probabilistic neural networks (PNN) and support vector machines (SVM) provided excellent discrimination (98.5 and 100.0%, respectively) between wild and farmed salmon. Discrimination with respect to geographical origin was somewhat more difficult, with correct classification rates ranging from 82.2 to 99.3% by PNN and SVM, respectively. In the analysis of market samples, five fish labeled and purchased as wild salmon were classified as farmed salmon (indicating mislabeling), and there were also some discrepancies between the classification and the product declaration with regard to geographical origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Aursand
- SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Differentiation of Fish Oils According to Species by 13C-NMR Regiospecific Analyses of Triacyglycerols. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-009-1370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
27
|
Hatzakis E, Koidis A, Boskou D, Dais P. Determination of phospholipids in olive oil by 31P NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6232-40. [PMID: 18598039 DOI: 10.1021/jf800690t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A nondestructive analytical method based on NMR spectroscopy was developed for the determination of phospholipids in olive oil. The phospholipids extracted from virgin olive oil with a mixture of ethanol/water (2:1 v/v) were identified and quantified by high resolution (31)P NMR spectroscopy. The main phospholipids found in olive oil were phosphatidic acid, lyso-phosphatidic acid, and phosphatidylinositol. Validation of the (31)P NMR methodology for quantitative analysis of phospholipids in olive oil was performed. Sensitivity was satisfactory with detection limits of 0.25-1.24 mumol /mL. In addition, the composition of fatty acids in phospholipids model compounds and those in olive oil samples was estimated by employing one- and two-dimensional (1)H NMR. The results indicated that the fatty acid composition in phospholipids and triacylglycerols of olive oil was similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Hatzakis
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, P.O. Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dybvik AI, Falch E, Rustad T. Solid Phase Extraction as a Tool to Separate Lipid Classes and Study Deterioration of Marine Lipids. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850801891165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
29
|
Al-Sayed Mahmoud K, Linder M, Fanni J, Parmentier M. Characterisation of the lipid fractions obtained by proteolytic and chemical extractions from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) roe. Process Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
30
|
Scano P, Rosa A, Cesare Marincola F, Locci E, Melis M, Dessì M, Lai A. 13C NMR, GC and HPLC characterization of lipid components of the salted and dried mullet (Mugil cephalus) roe “bottarga”. Chem Phys Lipids 2008; 151:69-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Revised: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
31
|
Tyl CE, Brecker L, Wagner KH. 1H NMR spectroscopy as tool to follow changes in the fatty acids of fish oils. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200700150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
32
|
Samuelsson LM, Larsson DGJ. Contributions from metabolomics to fish research. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:974-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b804196b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
33
|
Qu X, Wang X, Zhu D. The partitioning of PAHs to egg phospholipids facilitated by copper and proton binding via cation-pi interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:8321-8327. [PMID: 18200858 DOI: 10.1021/es0718117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The partitioning to lipid-containing solids (cell membranes, natural organic matters) plays an important role in the fate of organic pollutants. We herein studied sorption of a series of aromatic compounds from aqueous solution to gel-phase egg phospholipids. The regression line describing the free-energy relationship between lipid-water distribution coefficient (Kd) and n-octanol-water partition coefficient (K(OW)) for the high-polar compounds (phenolics, dinitrobenzene, trinitrobenzene) is displaced upward relative to the low-polar compounds (chlorobenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrobenzene, dichlorobenzonitrile), suggesting additive polar extra-interactions besides hydrophobic effects in sorption. Binding of Cu2+ or decreasing pH increases sorption of the three and four-ring PAHs but not the rest compounds. These results led us to propose a specific sorption mechanism, cation-pi bonding between PAHs and complexed metal ions or protonated amine groups of phospholipids. The Cu(2+)-PAH complexation in solution was supported by the observation that PAHs enhance the saturated solubility of CuSO4 in chloroform, and the enhancement correlates with pi-donor strength of PAH (pyrene > phenanthrene > naphthalene). The electron coupling between the protonated amine groups of phospholipids and PAHs in chloroform was verified by the electronic deshielding-induced downfield chemical shifts of phenanthrene at low pH in the 1H NMR spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, and School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210093, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Standal IB, Praël A, McEvoy L, Axelson DE, Aursand M. Discrimination of Cod Liver Oil According to Wild/Farmed and Geographical Origins by GC and 13C NMR. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-007-1174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
35
|
Falch E, Størseth TR, Aursand M. High resolution NMR for studying lipid hydrolysis and esterification in cod (Gadus morhua) gonads. Chem Phys Lipids 2007; 147:46-57. [PMID: 17451661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
High resolution NMR was applied to study biochemical changes of lipids in cod (Gadus morhua) gonads during 7 days storage at 4 degrees C. Changes were observed in the (13)C and (1)H resonances of cholesterol which were due to esterification of fatty acids at the hydroxyl position in roe and milt. Furthermore, the (13)C NMR spectra showed that the lipolytic changes in milt and roe where different. New resonances appeared during storage, due to formation of specific free fatty acids, with the corresponding changes in resonances of the esterified carbonyls and glycerols. The highly unsaturated n-3 fatty acids were hydrolysed from the sn-1 and sn-2 position of both phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in milt. The lipolytical changes in roe were less prominent compared to the changes in milt, however significant levels of sn-1-lysophospholipids was detected both in roe and milt. The current data demonstrate that high resolution NMR may be a suitable method to non-destructively study hydrolysis and esterification reactions occurring in heterogeneous marine lipids in a one step procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Falch
- SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Trondheim, Norway; The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Aursand M, Standal IB, Axelson DE. High-resolution (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy pattern recognition of fish oil capsules. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:38-47. [PMID: 17199311 DOI: 10.1021/jf061754l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
13C NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy, in conjunction with multivariate analysis of commercial fish oil-related health food products, have been used to provide discrimination concerning the nature, composition, refinement, and/or adulteration or authentication of the products. Supervised (probabilistic neural networks, PNN) and unsupervised (principal component analysis, PCA; Kohonen neural networks; generative topographic mapping, GTM) pattern recognition techniques were used to visualize and classify samples. Simple PCA score plots demonstrated excellent, but not totally unambiguous, class distinctions, whereas Kohonen and GTM visualization provided better results. Quantitative class predictions with accuracies >95% were achieved with PNN analysis. Trout, salmon, and cod oils were completely and correctly classified. Samples reported to be salmon oils and cod liver oils did not cluster with true salmon and cod liver oil samples, indicating mislabeling or adulteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Aursand
- SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|