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Kula J, Kuter KZ. MUFA synthesis and stearoyl-CoA desaturase as a new pharmacological target for modulation of lipid and alpha-synuclein interaction against Parkinson's disease synucleinopathy. Neuropharmacology 2024; 249:109865. [PMID: 38342377 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Protein pathology spreading within the nervous system, accompanies neurodegeneration and a spectrum of motor and cognitive dysfunctions. Currently available therapies against Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies are mostly symptomatic and fail to slow the disease progression in the long term. Modification of α-synuclein (αS) aggregation and toxicity of its pathogenic forms is one of the main goals in neuroprotective approach. Since the discovery of lipid component of Lewy bodies, fatty acids became a crucial, yet little explored target for research. MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids) are substrates for lipids, such as phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. They regulate membrane fluidity, take part in signal transduction, cellular differentiation and other fundamental processes. αS and MUFA interactions are essential for Lewy body pathology. αS increases levels of MUFAs, mainly oleic acid, which in turn can enhance αS toxicity and aggregation. Thus, reduction of MUFAs synthesis by inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity could be the new way to prevent aggravation of αS pathology. Due to the limited distribution in peripheral tissues, SCD5 is a potential target in novel therapies and therefore could be an important starting point in search for disease-modifying neuroprotective therapy. Here we summarize facts about physiology and pathology of αS, explain recently discovered lipid-αS interactions, review SCD function and involved mechanisms, present available SCD inhibitors and discuss their pharmacological potential in disease management. Modulation of MUFA synthesis, decreasing αS and lipid toxicity is clearly essential, but unexplored avenue in pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease and synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kula
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna St., 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Z Kuter
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna St., 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Zhang S, Cao Y, Xu C, Wang G, Huang Y, Bao W, Zhang S. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses reveal metabolic responses to TGEV infection in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. J Gen Virol 2023; 104. [PMID: 38116760 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a coronavirus that infects piglets with severe diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration, and even death, causing huge economic losses to the pig industry. The underlying pathogenesis of TGEV infection and the effects of TGEV infection on host metabolites remain poorly understood. To investigate the critical metabolites and regulatory factors during TGEV infection in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), we performed metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of TGEV-infected IPEC-J2 cells by LC/MS and RNA-seq techniques. A total of 87 differential metabolites and 489 differentially expressed genes were detected. A series of metabolites and candidate genes from glutathione metabolism and AMPK signalling pathway were examined through combined analysis of metabolome and transcriptome. We found glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) is markedly reduced after TGEV infection, and a significant negative correlation between AMPK signalling pathway and TGEV infection. Exogenous addition of the AMPK activator COH-SR4 significantly downregulates stearoyl coenzyme A (SCD1) mRNA and inhibits TGEV replication; while exogenous GSK-690693 significantly promotes TGEV infection by inhibiting AMPK signalling pathway. In summary, our study provides insights into the key metabolites and regulators for TGEV infection from the metabolome and transcriptome perspective, which will offer promising antiviral metabolic and molecular targets and enrich the understanding of the existence of a similar mechanism in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoshuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Guangzheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
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Kragl A, Hannemann A, Nauck M, Völker U, Siggelkow H, Teumer A, Tzvetkov MV. Genetic Variants in WNT16 and PKD2L1 Locus Affect Heel Ultrasound Bone Stiffness: Analyses from the General Population and Patients Evaluated for Osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:540-551. [PMID: 37831088 PMCID: PMC10618371 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a complex chronic disease with increasing prevalence, is characterised by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. The high heritability of BMD suggests substantial impact of the individual genetic disposition on bone phenotypes and the development of osteoporosis. In the past years, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified hundreds of genetic variants associated with BMD or osteoporosis. Here, we analysed 1103 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously identified as associated with estimated BMD (eBMD) in the UK Biobank. We assessed whether these SNPs are related to heel stiffness index obtained by quantitative ultrasound in 5665 adult participants of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). We confirmed 45 significant associations after correction for multiple testing. Next, we analysed six selected SNPs in 631 patients evaluated for osteoporosis [rs2707518 (CPED1/WNT16), rs3779381 (WNT16), rs115242848 (LOC101927709/EN1), rs10239787 (JAZF1), rs603424 (PKD2L1) and rs6968704 (JAZF1)]. Differences in minor allele frequencies (MAF) of rs2707518 and rs3779381 between SHIP participants (higher MAF) and patients evaluated for osteoporosis (lower MAF) indicated a protective effect of the minor allele on bone integrity. In contrast, differences in MAF of rs603424 indicated a harmful effect. Co-localisation analyses indicated that the rs603424 effect may be mediated via stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) expression, an enzyme highly expressed in adipose tissue with a crucial role in lipogenesis. Taken together, our results support the role of the WNT16 pathway in the regulation of bone properties and indicate a novel causal role of SCD expression in adipose tissue on bone integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Kragl
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Heide Siggelkow
- MVZ Endokrinologikum Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mladen V Tzvetkov
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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Li KP, Gleba JJ, Parent EE, Knight JA, Copland JA, Cai H. Radiosynthesis and Preliminary Evaluation of [ 11C]SSI-4 for the Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Stearoyl CoA Desaturase 1. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4129-4137. [PMID: 37409698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for converting saturated fatty acids (SFAs) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and plays a key role in endogenous (de novo) fatty acid metabolism. Given that this pathway is broadly upregulated across many tumor types with an aggressive phenotype, SCD1 has emerged as a compelling target for cancer imaging and therapy. The ligand 2-(4-(2-chlorophenoxy)piperidine-1-carboxamido)-N-methylisonicotinamide (SSI-4) was identified as a potent and highly specific SCD1 inhibitor with a strong binding affinity for SCD1 at our laboratory. We herein report the radiosynthesis of [11C]SSI-4 and the preliminary biological evaluation including in vivo PET imaging of SCD1 in a human tumor xenograft model. Radiotracer [11C]SSI-4 was labeled at the carbamide position via the direct [11C]CO2 fixation on the Synthra MeIplus module in high molar activity and good radiochemical yield. In vitro cell uptake assays were performed with three hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and three renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines. Additionally, in vivo small animal PET/CT imaging with [11C]SSI-4 and the biodistribution were carried out in a mouse model bearing HCC xenografts. Radiotracer [11C]SSI-4 afforded a 4.14 ± 0.44% (decay uncorrected, n = 10) radiochemical yield based on starting [11]CO2 radioactivity. The [11C]SSI-4 radiosynthesis time including HPLC purification and SPE formulation was 25 min from the end of bombardment to the end of synthesis (EOS). The radiochemical purity of [11C]SSI-4 was 98.45 ± 1.43% (n = 10) with a molar activity of 225.82 ± 33.54 GBq/μmol (6.10 ± 0.91 Ci/μmol) at the EOS. In vitro cell uptake study indicated all SSI-4 responsive HCC and RCC cell line uptakes demonstrate specific uptake and are blocked by standard compound SSI-4. Preliminary small animal PET/CT imaging study showed high specific uptake and block of [11C]SSI-4 uptake with co-injection of cold SSI-4 in high SCD1-expressing organs including lacrimal gland, brown fat, liver, and tumor. In summary, novel radiotracer [11C]SSI-4 was rapidly and automatedly radiosynthesized by direct [11C]CO2 fixation. Our preliminary biological evaluation results suggest [11C]SSI-4 could be a promising radiotracer for PET imaging of SCD1 overexpressing tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Po Li
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Justyna J Gleba
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Ephraim E Parent
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Joshua A Knight
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - John A Copland
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Hancheng Cai
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
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5
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Musso G, Saba F, Cassader M, Gambino R. Lipidomics in pathogenesis, progression and treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): Recent advances. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101238. [PMID: 37244504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease affecting up to 30% of the general adult population. NAFLD encompasses a histological spectrum ranging from pure steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and is becoming the most common indication for liver transplantation, as a result of increasing disease prevalence and of the absence of approved treatments. Lipidomic readouts of liver blood and urine samples from experimental models and from NASH patients disclosed an abnormal lipid composition and metabolism. Collectively, these changes impair organelle function and promote cell damage, necro-inflammation and fibrosis, a condition termed lipotoxicity. We will discuss the lipid species and metabolic pathways leading to NASH development and progression to cirrhosis, as well as and those species that can contribute to inflammation resolution and fibrosis regression. We will also focus on emerging lipid-based therapeutic opportunities, including specialized proresolving lipid molecules and macrovesicles contributing to cell-to-cell communication and NASH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Musso
- Dept of Emergency Medicine, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesca Saba
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Zhang J, Yu H, Wang Q, Cai H, Shen F, Ruan S, Wu Y, Liu T, Feng F, Zhao M. Dietary additive octyl and decyl glycerate modulates metabolism and inflammation under different dietary patterns with the contribution of the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:525-540. [PMID: 36520115 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03059d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Octyl and decyl glycerate (ODG), a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT), is widely used as a food additive. Medium-chain monoglycerides, such as glycerol monolaurate and glycerol monocaprylate, were found to change the composition of the gut microbiota and influence glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, whether ODG influences the gut microbiota and whether the alteration in the gut microbiota contributes to the metabolic phenotype remain unknown. Under a normal-chow diet, mice were treated with or without different dosages of ODG (150, 800, 1600 mg kg-1) for 22 weeks. All doses of ODG significantly decreased the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol, improved the inflammation and insulin resistance, and increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota and the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter. Under a high-fat diet, mice were treated with or without 1600 mg kg-1 ODG for 16 weeks. The results demonstrated that ODG significantly alleviated the increase in the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol, insulin resistance, and inflammation caused by HFD. The expression of related genes was consistent with the above observations. ODG also altered the composition of the gut microbiota and increased the Bifidobacterium abundance under HFD. Our findings indicated that ODG similarly improved glucose metabolism and inflammation but exhibited differential effects on lipid metabolism under different dietary patterns. Furthermore, changes in the gut microbiota caused by ODG supplementation might contribute to the alteration in glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation, which might be influenced by dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science &Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shengyue Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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7
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Meanwell NA, Loiseleur O. Applications of Isosteres of Piperazine in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds: Part 2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10972-11004. [PMID: 35675052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Applications of piperazine and homopiperazine in drug design are well-established, and these heterocycles have found use as both scaffolding and terminal elements and also as a means of introducing a water-solubilizing element into a molecule. In the accompanying review (10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00726), we summarized applications of piperazine and homopiperazine and their fused ring homologues in bioactive compound design along with illustrations of the use of 4-substituted piperidines and a sulfoximine-based mimetic. In this review, we discuss applications of pyrrolidine- and fused-pyrrolidine-based mimetics of piperazine and homopiperazine and illustrate derivatives of azetidine that include stretched and spirocyclic motifs, along with applications of a series of diaminocycloalkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, Post Office Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Olivier Loiseleur
- Syngenta Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri R, Amézaga J, Burgos MC, Arranz S, Tueros I. Critical Review on Fatty Acid-Based Food and Nutraceuticals as Supporting Therapy in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116030. [PMID: 35682708 PMCID: PMC9181022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have an important place in both biological and nutritional contexts and, from a clinical point of view, they have known consequences for diseases’ onset and development, including cancer. The use of fatty acid-based food and nutraceuticals to support cancer therapy is a multidisciplinary subject, involving molecular and clinical research. Knowledge regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids essentiality/oxidizability and the role of lipogenesis-desaturase pathways for cell growth, as well as oxidative reactivity in cancer cells, are discussed, since they can drive the choice of fatty acids using their multiple roles to support antitumoral drug activity. The central role of membrane fatty acid composition is highlighted for the application of membrane lipid therapy. As fatty acids are also known as biomarkers of cancer onset and progression, the personalization of the fatty acid-based therapy is also possible, taking into account other important factors such as formulation, bioavailability and the distribution of the supplementation. A holistic approach emerges combining nutra- and pharma-strategies in an appropriate manner, to develop further knowledge and applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosaria Ferreri
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Tuscany Reference Centre for Integrated Medicine in the Hospital Pathway, Pitigliano Hospital, ASL Sudest Toscana, 58017 Pitigliano, Italy;
| | - Javier Amézaga
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Mercedes Caro Burgos
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
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9
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Jeyakumar SM, Vajreswari A. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1: A potential target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?-perspective on emerging experimental evidence. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:168-179. [PMID: 35126846 PMCID: PMC8790397 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i1.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive disease and one of the leading causes of death. An unnamed disease has become a global epidemic disease of public health concern. This spectrum of diseases manifests itself with initial accumulation of excessive triglycerides (due to de novo lipogenesis) in the hepatocytes, leading to simple steatosis. Although its aetiology is multi-factorial, lifestyle changes (diet and physical activity) are considered to be the key thriving factors. In this context, high fructose consumption is associated with an increased risk for developing NAFLD in humans, while high-fructose feeding to experimental animals results in hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, by increasing hepatic lipogenesis. Among several lipogenic genes, the endoplasmic reticulum-bound stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the key determinant of triglycerides biosynthesis pathway, by providing monounsaturated fatty acids, through the incorporation of a double bond at the delta-9 position of saturated fatty acids, specifically, palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids, yielding palmitoleic (C16:1) and oleic (C18:1) acids, respectively. Various experimental studies involving SCD1 gene knockout and diet-induced rodent models have demonstrated that SCD1 plays a key role in the development of NAFLD, by modulating hepatic lipogenesis and thus triglyceride accumulation in the liver. Several pharmacological and dietary intervention studies have shown the benefits of inhibiting hepatic SCD1 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In this review, we give an overview of SCD1 in NAFLD, based on the current experimental evidence and the translational applicability of SCD1 inhibition in human NAFLD conditions, besides discussing the limitations and way-forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Murugaiha Jeyakumar
- Division of Lipid Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai 600031, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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PPAR Ligands Induce Antiviral Effects Targeting Perturbed Lipid Metabolism during SARS-CoV-2, HCV, and HCMV Infection. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010114. [PMID: 35053112 PMCID: PMC8772958 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic turned the attention of researchers to developing novel strategies to counteract virus infections. Despite several antiviral drugs being commercially available, there is an urgent need to identify novel molecules efficacious against viral infections that act through different mechanisms of action. In this context, our attention is focused on novel compounds acting on nuclear receptors, whose activity could be beneficial in viral infections, including coronavirus, hepatitis C virus, and cytomegalovirus. Abstract The manipulation of host metabolisms by viral infections has been demonstrated by several studies, with a marked influence on the synthesis and utilization of glucose, nucleotides, fatty acids, and amino acids. The ability of virus to perturb the metabolic status of the infected organism is directly linked to the outcome of the viral infection. A great deal of research in recent years has been focusing on these metabolic aspects, pointing at modifications induced by virus, and suggesting novel strategies to counteract the perturbed host metabolism. In this review, our attention is turned on PPARs, nuclear receptors controlling multiple metabolic actions, and on the effects played by PPAR ligands during viral infections. The role of PPAR agonists and antagonists during SARS-CoV-2, HCV, and HCMV infections will be analyzed.
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11
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Lipids in Pathophysiology and Development of the Membrane Lipid Therapy: New Bioactive Lipids. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120919. [PMID: 34940418 PMCID: PMC8708953 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Membranes are mainly composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins, constituting a checkpoint for the entry and passage of signals and other molecules. Their composition can be modulated by diet, pathophysiological processes, and nutritional/pharmaceutical interventions. In addition to their use as an energy source, lipids have important structural and functional roles, e.g., fatty acyl moieties in phospholipids have distinct impacts on human health depending on their saturation, carbon length, and isometry. These and other membrane lipids have quite specific effects on the lipid bilayer structure, which regulates the interaction with signaling proteins. Alterations to lipids have been associated with important diseases, and, consequently, normalization of these alterations or regulatory interventions that control membrane lipid composition have therapeutic potential. This approach, termed membrane lipid therapy or membrane lipid replacement, has emerged as a novel technology platform for nutraceutical interventions and drug discovery. Several clinical trials and therapeutic products have validated this technology based on the understanding of membrane structure and function. The present review analyzes the molecular basis of this innovative approach, describing how membrane lipid composition and structure affects protein-lipid interactions, cell signaling, disease, and therapy (e.g., fatigue and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, tumor, infectious diseases).
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12
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Salamone S, Nieddu M, Khalili A, Sansaro A, Bombardelli E, Rosa A, Pollastro F. Effects of quercetin and artemetin prenylation on bioavailability and bioactivity. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 240:105137. [PMID: 34529978 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a huge class of polyphenolic compounds ubiquitous in higher plants, in most food and beverages of natural origin. They could be considered as dietary phenols, which exert many health-promoting effects on human and animal physiology with a wide range of biomedical and nutritional functions such as activation or inhibition of enzymes like lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase, the detoxification of carcinogens and chemoprevention. From a chemical point of view, these aromatic compounds can be divided in six subgroups depending on the position of aromatic B ring on C ring, the degree of unsaturation and oxidation, the position of hydroxyl groups and their functionalization. Between flavonoids, the prenylated ones represent a unique class occurring in nature where the C-prenylation is the most common, whereas O-prenylation is rarely present. The presence of this lipophilic functional group in different positions on the scaffold of flavonoids can sometimes lead to relevant changes in their biological activity due to an increased bioavailability. Capitalizing on the restricted incidence in nature of prenylated flavonoids, we have assessed the synthesis of C- and O-prenylated derivatives starting from two flavonoids, quercetin and artemetin, aimed at the exploration of structure-activity relationships. Results showed that prenylation significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of flavonoids in cancer HeLa cells, also improving their capacity to affect cell phospholipid and fatty acid composition. A marked cell bioavailability increase was demonstrated for the artemetin C-prenylated derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Salamone
- Dip. Di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, l̥Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mariella Nieddu
- Dip. di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, l̥SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Adil Khalili
- Dip. Di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, l̥Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Sansaro
- Dip. Di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, l̥Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Rosa
- Dip. di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, l̥SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dip. Di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, l̥Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy; PlantaChem S.R.L.S., l̥via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy.
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13
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SCD Inhibition Protects from α-Synuclein-Induced Neurotoxicity But Is Toxic to Early Neuron Cultures. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0166-21.2021. [PMID: 34301719 PMCID: PMC8387157 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0166-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the independent discovery and validation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) as a modulator of α-synuclein (αSyn)-induced pathology and toxicity in cell-based Parkinson’s disease (PD) models. We identified SCD as top altered gene from transcriptional profiling in primary neurons exogenously expressing αSyn with the amplified familial PD mutation 3K. Thus, we sought to further explore SCD as a therapeutic target in neurodegeneration. We report that SCD inhibitors are toxic to early human and rat neuron cultures while displaying minimal toxicity to late cultures. The fatty acid product of SCD, oleic acid (OLA), fully rescues this toxicity in early cultures, suggesting on-target toxicity. Furthermore, SCD inhibition rescues αSyn 3K-induced toxicity in late primary neurons. We also confirm that SCD inhibitors reduce formation of αSyn accumulations, while OLA increases these accumulations in an αSyn 3K neuroblastoma model. However, we identify a caveat with this model where αSyn 3K levels can be suppressed by high SCD inhibitor concentrations, obscuring true effect size. Further, we show that both SCD1 or SCD5 knock-down reduce αSyn 3K accumulations and toxicity, making both a putative drug target. Overall, we confirm key findings of published data on SCD inhibition and its benefits in αSyn accumulation and stress models. The differential neurotoxicity induced by SCD inhibition based on neuron culture age must be accounted for when researching SCD in neuron models and has potential clinical implications. Lastly, our gene profiling studies also revealed novel putative genes connected to αSyn neurotoxicity that are worth further study.
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14
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Garcia Corrales AV, Haidar M, Bogie JFJ, Hendriks JJA. Fatty Acid Synthesis in Glial Cells of the CNS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158159. [PMID: 34360931 PMCID: PMC8348209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are of crucial importance for brain homeostasis and neural function. Glia cells support the high demand of FAs that the central nervous system (CNS) needs for its proper functioning. Additionally, FAs can modulate inflammation and direct CNS repair, thereby contributing to brain pathologies such Alzheimer’s disease or multiple sclerosis. Intervention strategies targeting FA synthesis in glia represents a potential therapeutic opportunity for several CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida V Garcia Corrales
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Mansour Haidar
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jeroen F J Bogie
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jerome J A Hendriks
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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15
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Contreras-López EF, Cruz-Hernández CD, Cortés-Ramírez SA, Ramírez-Higuera A, Peña-Montes C, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Oliart-Ros RM. Inhibition of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase by Sterculic Oil Reduces Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1308-1321. [PMID: 34282662 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1952442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common type of cancer affecting male population. PCa treatments have side effects and are temporarily effective, so new therapeutic options are being investigated. Due to the high demand of energy for cell proliferation, an increase in the expression and activity of lipogenic enzymes such as the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) have been observed in PCa. Sterculic acid, contained in the seed's oil of Malvales, is a natural inhibitor of SCD. The objective of our investigation was to evaluate the effects of sterculic oil (SO) from Sterculia apetala seeds on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. SO was administered to PC3 and LNCaP cells, and to prostate normal cells; cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, SCD gene and protein expression and enzymatic activity were analyzed. SO administration (4 mM sterculic acid) diminished cell viability in LNCaP and PC3 cells, arrested cell cycle in G2 and promoted apoptosis. SO diminished SCD enzymatic activity with no effects on gene nor protein expression. Our results suggest that SO might offer benefits as an adjuvant in hormonal and chemotherapy prostate cancer treatments. This is the first study to analyze the effect of SO on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Peña-Montes
- Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Rosa María Oliart-Ros
- Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
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16
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Broadfield LA, Pane AA, Talebi A, Swinnen JV, Fendt SM. Lipid metabolism in cancer: New perspectives and emerging mechanisms. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1363-1393. [PMID: 33945792 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumors undergo metabolic transformations to sustain uncontrolled proliferation, avoid cell death, and seed in secondary organs. An increased focus on cancer lipid metabolism has unveiled a number of mechanisms that promote tumor growth and survival, many of which are independent of classical cellular bioenergetics. These mechanisms include modulation of ferroptotic-mediated cell death, support during tumor metastasis, and interactions with the cells of the tumor microenvironment. As such, targeting lipid metabolism for anti-cancer therapies is attractive, with recent work on small-molecule inhibitors identifying compounds to target lipid metabolism. Here, we discuss these topics and identify open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Broadfield
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonino Alejandro Pane
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali Talebi
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
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17
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Oatman N, Dasgupta N, Arora P, Choi K, Gawali MV, Gupta N, Parameswaran S, Salomone J, Reisz JA, Lawler S, Furnari F, Brennan C, Wu J, Sallans L, Gudelsky G, Desai P, Gebelein B, Weirauch MT, D'Alessandro A, Komurov K, Dasgupta B. Mechanisms of stearoyl CoA desaturase inhibitor sensitivity and acquired resistance in cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabd7459. [PMID: 33568479 PMCID: PMC7875532 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The lipogenic enzyme stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) plays a key role in tumor lipid metabolism and membrane architecture. SCD is often up-regulated and a therapeutic target in cancer. Here, we report the unexpected finding that median expression of SCD is low in glioblastoma relative to normal brain due to hypermethylation and unintentional monoallelic co-deletion with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in a subset of patients. Cell lines from this subset expressed undetectable SCD, yet retained residual SCD enzymatic activity. Unexpectedly, these lines evolved to survive independent of SCD through unknown mechanisms. Cell lines that escaped such genetic and epigenetic alterations expressed higher levels of SCD and were highly dependent on SCD for survival. Last, we identify that SCD-dependent lines acquire resistance through a previously unknown FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FOSB)-mediated mechanism. Accordingly, FOSB inhibition blunted acquired resistance and extended survival of tumor-bearing mice treated with SCD inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Oatman
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nupur Dasgupta
- Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Priyanka Arora
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mruniya V Gawali
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nishtha Gupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sreeja Parameswaran
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph Salomone
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean Lawler
- Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Furnari
- Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Jianqiang Wu
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Larry Sallans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gary Gudelsky
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Pankaj Desai
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brian Gebelein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kakajan Komurov
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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18
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Bogie JFJ, Grajchen E, Wouters E, Corrales AG, Dierckx T, Vanherle S, Mailleux J, Gervois P, Wolfs E, Dehairs J, Van Broeckhoven J, Bowman AP, Lambrichts I, Gustafsson JÅ, Remaley AT, Mulder M, Swinnen JV, Haidar M, Ellis SR, Ntambi JM, Zelcer N, Hendriks JJA. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 impairs the reparative properties of macrophages and microglia in the brain. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133840. [PMID: 32097464 PMCID: PMC7201924 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure of remyelination underlies the progressive nature of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Macrophages and microglia are crucially involved in the formation and repair of demyelinated lesions. Here we show that myelin uptake temporarily skewed these phagocytes toward a disease-resolving phenotype, while sustained intracellular accumulation of myelin induced a lesion-promoting phenotype. This phenotypic shift was controlled by stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), an enzyme responsible for the desaturation of saturated fatty acids. Monounsaturated fatty acids generated by SCD1 reduced the surface abundance of the cholesterol efflux transporter ABCA1, which in turn promoted lipid accumulation and induced an inflammatory phagocyte phenotype. Pharmacological inhibition or phagocyte-specific deficiency of Scd1 accelerated remyelination ex vivo and in vivo. These findings identify SCD1 as a novel therapeutic target to promote remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen F J Bogie
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Elien Grajchen
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Elien Wouters
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Aida Garcia Corrales
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tess Dierckx
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sam Vanherle
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jo Mailleux
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Pascal Gervois
- Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Esther Wolfs
- Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jana Van Broeckhoven
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Andrew P Bowman
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Monique Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mansour Haidar
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Shane R Ellis
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - James M Ntambi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jerome J A Hendriks
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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19
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Cao B, Liu C, Zhang Q, Dong Y. Maternal High-Fat Diet Leads to Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Upregulating Hepatic SCD1 Expression in Neonate Rats. Front Nutr 2020; 7:581723. [PMID: 33282902 PMCID: PMC7705221 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.581723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of liver disease in children, with evidence that the maternal diet and the early life nutritional environment are potential risk for such disease. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on the occurrence of NAFLD in offspring rats and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, the incidence of NAFLD was compared in F1 offspring rats between the maternal HFD group and standard chow (SC) group. In addition, the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the placenta, in the umbilical cord blood, and in the livers of neonate offsprings were compared between two groups. HepG2 cells were treated with recombinant IL6 (rIL6) to assess stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression and lipid synthesis in an inflammatory condition. Lipid accumulation was assayed in both SCD1 overexpression and interference HepG2 cells as well as in neonatal rats. Our results showed that HFD exposure before and throughout the pregnancy induced the elevated hepatic TG content of F1 neonates. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in the placenta, umbilical cord blood, and the livers of HFD F1 neonates were significantly higher than those of the SC group. In addition, rIL6 treatment led to TG accumulation accompanied by the upregulation of SCD1 in HepG2 cell lines. Overexpression of SCD1 led to the accumulation of TG contents in HepG2 cells, whereas Scd1 knockdown attenuated the effects of rIL6 treatment. Overexpression of SCD1 in F1 neonatal rats led to hepatic lipid accumulation. Our study indicated that maternal HFD led to intrauterine inflammation, which subsequently caused transgenerationally abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism of F1 neonates. This modulation might be mediated by upregulating SCD1 expression in hepatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baige Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongxiao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianren Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-2 in Murine Development, Metabolism, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228619. [PMID: 33207603 PMCID: PMC7697999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-2 (SCD2) is a member of the Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) family of enzymes that catalyze the rate-limiting step in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) synthesis. The MUFAs palmitoleoyl-CoA (16:1n7) and oleoyl-CoA (18:1n9) are the major products of SCD2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA and oleoyl-CoA have various roles, from being a source of energy to signaling molecules. Under normal feeding conditions, SCD2 is ubiquitously expressed and is the predominant SCD isoform in the brain. However, obesogenic diets highly induce SCD2 in adipose tissue, lung, and kidney. Here we provide a comprehensive review of SCD2 in mouse development, metabolism, and various diseases, such as obesity, chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer′s disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson′s disease. In addition, we show that bone mineral density is decreased in SCD2KO mice under high-fat feeding conditions and that SCD2 is not required for preadipocyte differentiation or the expression of PPARγ in vivo despite being required in vitro.
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21
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O'Neill LM, Phang YX, Matango M, Shamsuzzaman S, Guo CA, Nelson DW, Yen CLE, Ntambi JM. Global deficiency of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-2 protects against diet-induced adiposity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:589-595. [PMID: 32423819 PMCID: PMC7310674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In mouse, there are four stearoyl-CoA desaturase isoforms (SCD1-4) that catalyze the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Previously, we have shown that mice harboring a whole body deletion of the SCD1 isoform (SCD1KO) are protected from diet and genetically induced adiposity. Here, we report that global deletion of the SCD2 isoform (SCD2KO) provides a similar protective effect against the onset of both high-fat diet (HFD) and high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) induced adiposity. After 10 weeks of HFD feeding or 6 weeks of HCD feeding, SCD2KO mice failed to gain weight and had decreased fat mass. On HFD, SCD2KO mice remained glucose and insulin tolerant. Lastly, the markers for energy expenditure, UCP1 and PGC-1α, were increased in the brown adipose tissue of HFD fed SCD2KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M O'Neill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Yar Xin Phang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Majaliwa Matango
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Sohel Shamsuzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Chang-An Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - David W Nelson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Chi-Liang E Yen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - James M Ntambi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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22
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Pariente A, Pérez-Sala Á, Ochoa R, Peláez R, Larráyoz IM. Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Pathways Regulated by Sterculic Acid in Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051187. [PMID: 32403229 PMCID: PMC7290791 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its predominant role in lipid metabolism and body weight control, SCD1 has emerged recently as a potential new target for the treatment of various diseases. Sterculic acid (SA) is a cyclopropene fatty acid with numerous biological activities, generally attributed to its Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitory properties. Additional effects exerted by SA, independently of SCD inhibition, may be mediating anti-inflammatory and protective roles in retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In order to provide insights into those mechanisms, genome-wide transcriptomic analyses were carried out in mRPE cells exposed to SA for 24 h. Integrative functional enrichment analysis of genome-wide expression data provided biological insight about the protective mechanisms induced by SA. On the one hand, pivotal genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis, cell death, actin-cytoskeleton reorganization and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction were significantly downregulated by exposition to SA. On the other hand, genes related to fatty acid degradation and beta-oxidation were significantly upregulated. In conclusion, SA administration to RPE cells regulates crucial pathways related to cell proliferation, inflammation and cell death that may be of interest for the treatment of ocular diseases.
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Korbecki J, Kojder K, Jeżewski D, Simińska D, Tarnowski M, Kopytko P, Safranow K, Gutowska I, Goschorska M, Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Wiszniewska B, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Expression of SCD and FADS2 Is Lower in the Necrotic Core and Growing Tumor Area than in the Peritumoral Area of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050727. [PMID: 32392704 PMCID: PMC7277411 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of desaturases is higher in many types of cancer, and despite their recognized role in oncogenesis, there has been no research on the expression of desaturases in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Tumor tissue samples were collected during surgery from 28 patients (16 men and 12 women) diagnosed with GBM. The effect of necrotic conditions and nutritional deficiency (mimicking conditions in the studied tumor zones) was studied in an in vitro culture of human brain (glioblastoma astrocytoma) U-87 MG cells. Analysis of desaturase expression was made by qRT-PCR and the immunohistochemistry method. In the tumor, the expression of stearoyl–coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid desaturases 2 (FADS2) was lower than in the peritumoral area. The expression of other desaturases did not differ in between the distinguished zones. We found no differences in the expression of SCD, fatty acid desaturases 1 (FADS1), or FADS2 between the sexes. Necrotic conditions and nutritional deficiency increased the expression of the studied desaturase in human brain (glioblastoma astrocytoma) U-87 MG cells. The obtained results suggest that (i) biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in a GBM tumor is less intense than in the peritumoral area; (ii) expressions of SCD, SCD5, FADS1, and FADS2 correlate with each other in the necrotic core, growing tumor area, and peritumoral area; (iii) expressions of desaturases in a GBM tumor do not differ between the sexes; and (iv) nutritional deficiency increases the biosynthesis of MUFA and PUFA in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Jeżewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
- Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Donata Simińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.T.); (P.K.)
| | - Patrycja Kopytko
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.T.); (P.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marta Goschorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.-W.); (B.W.)
| | - Barbara Wiszniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.-W.); (B.W.)
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-466-1515; Fax: +48-91-466-1516
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Ramírez-Higuera A, Peña-Montes C, Herrera-Meza S, Mendoza-López R, Valerio-Alfaro G, Oliart-Ros RM. Preventive Action of Sterculic Oil on Metabolic Syndrome Development on a Fructose-Induced Rat Model. J Med Food 2020; 23:305-311. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abril Ramírez-Higuera
- National Tech of México (Tecnológico Nacional de México)/I.T. Veracruz, Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Veracruz, México
| | - Carolina Peña-Montes
- National Tech of México (Tecnológico Nacional de México)/I.T. Veracruz, Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Veracruz, México
| | - Socorro Herrera-Meza
- Institute of Psychological Research, University of Veracruz, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Gerardo Valerio-Alfaro
- National Tech of México (Tecnológico Nacional de México)/I.T. Veracruz, Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Veracruz, México
| | - Rosa María Oliart-Ros
- National Tech of México (Tecnológico Nacional de México)/I.T. Veracruz, Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Veracruz, México
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25
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Sterculic Acid: The Mechanisms of Action beyond Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Inhibition and Therapeutic Opportunities in Human Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010140. [PMID: 31936134 PMCID: PMC7016617 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In many tissues, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) catalyzes the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAS), (i.e., palmitoleate and oleate) from their saturated fatty acid (SFA) precursors (i.e., palmitate and stearate), influencing cellular membrane physiology and signaling, leading to broad effects on human physiology. In addition to its predominant role in lipid metabolism and body weight control, SCD1 has emerged recently as a potential new target for the treatment for various diseases, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, and skin disorders. Sterculic acid (SA) is a cyclopropene fatty acid originally found in the seeds of the plant Sterculia foetida with numerous biological activities. On the one hand, its ability to inhibit stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) allows its use as a coadjuvant of several pathologies where this enzyme has been associated. On the other hand, additional effects independently of its SCD inhibitory properties, involve anti-inflammatory and protective roles in retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This review aims to summarize the mechanisms by which SA exerts its actions and to highlight the emerging areas where this natural compound may be of help for the development of new therapies for human diseases.
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Korbecki J, Gutowska I, Wiercioch M, Łukomska A, Tarnowski M, Drozd A, Barczak K, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Sodium Orthovanadate Changes Fatty Acid Composition and Increased Expression of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase in THP-1 Macrophages. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 193:152-161. [PMID: 30927246 PMCID: PMC6914714 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vanadium compounds are promising antidiabetic agents. In addition to regulating glucose metabolism, they also alter lipid metabolism. Due to the clear association between diabetes and atherosclerosis, the purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of sodium orthovanadate on the amount of individual fatty acids and the expression of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD or Δ9-desaturase), Δ5-desaturase, and Δ6-desaturase in macrophages. THP-1 macrophages differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were incubated in vitro for 48 h with 1 μM or 10 μM sodium orthovanadate (Na3VO4). The estimation of fatty acid composition was performed by gas chromatography. Expressions of the genes SCD, fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) were tested by qRT-PCR. Sodium orthovanadate in THP-1 macrophages increased the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) such as palmitic acid and stearic acid, as well as monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)-oleic acid and palmitoleic acid. Sodium orthovanadate caused an upregulation of SCD expression. Sodium orthovanadate at the given concentrations did not affect the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In conclusion, sodium orthovanadate changed SFA and MUFA composition in THP-1 macrophages and increased expression of SCD. Sodium orthovanadate did not affect the amount of any PUFA. This was associated with a lack of influence on the expression of FADS1 and FADS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str., 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Wiercioch
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str., 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łukomska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str., 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arleta Drozd
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str., 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
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Abstract
NAFLD is a spectrum of liver disease starting with fatty liver at one end of the spectrum and cirrhosis or liver cancer at the other end. Worldwide, NAFLD has become one of the most common liver diseases and it has also become one of the leading indications for liver transplantation. Our understanding of the NAFLD epidemiology, pathogenesis and its progression to cirrhosis has improved over the last 2 decades. Currently, however, there are no FDA-approved treatment options for fibrosis resulting from NAFLD. A number of compounds targeting multiple pathways involved in the progression of NAFLD are currently in phase 2-3 trials. In this review, we will briefly discuss the epidemiology, the pathogenesis and the current status of treatment of NAFLD.
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28
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Mayer KA, Stöckl J, Zlabinger GJ, Gualdoni GA. Hijacking the Supplies: Metabolism as a Novel Facet of Virus-Host Interaction. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1533. [PMID: 31333664 PMCID: PMC6617997 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral replication is a process that involves an extremely high turnover of cellular molecules. Since viruses depend on the host cell to obtain the macromolecules needed for their proper replication, they have evolved numerous strategies to shape cellular metabolism and the biosynthesis machinery of the host according to their specific needs. Technologies for the rigorous analysis of metabolic alterations in cells have recently become widely available and have greatly expanded our knowledge of these crucial host–pathogen interactions. We have learned that most viruses enhance specific anabolic pathways and are highly dependent on these alterations. Since uninfected cells are far more plastic in their metabolism, targeting of the virus-induced metabolic alterations is a promising strategy for specific antiviral therapy and has gained great interest recently. In this review, we summarize the current advances in our understanding of metabolic adaptations during viral infections, with a particular focus on the utilization of this information for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina A Mayer
- Institute of Immunology, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Institute of Immunology, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard J Zlabinger
- Institute of Immunology, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido A Gualdoni
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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29
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Wang G, Wang JJ, Yin PH, Xu K, Wang YZ, Shi F, Gao J, Fu XL. Strategies for targeting energy metabolism in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog -mutant colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1106-1121. [PMID: 30362665 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in cellular energy metabolism play critical roles in colorectal cancer (CRC). These alterations, which correlate to KRAS mutations, have been identified as energy metabolism signatures. This review summarizes the relationship between colorectal tumors associated with mutated KRAS and energy metabolism, especially for the deregulated energy metabolism that affects tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, this review will concentrate on the role of metabolic genes, factors and signaling pathways, which are coupled with the primary energy source connected with the KRAS mutation that induces metabolic alterations. Strategies for targeting energy metabolism in mutated KRAS CRC are also introduced. In conclusion, deregulated energy metabolism has a close relationship with KRAS mutations in colorectal tumors. Therefore, selective inhibitors, agents against metabolic targets or KRAS signaling, may be clinically useful for colorectal tumor treatment through a patient-personalized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Hao Yin
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Li Fu
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Fernández-Oliva A, Ortega-González P, Risco C. Targeting host lipid flows: Exploring new antiviral and antibiotic strategies. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e12996. [PMID: 30585688 PMCID: PMC7162424 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria and viruses pose serious challenges for humans because they evolve continuously. Despite ongoing efforts, antiviral drugs to treat many of the most troubling viruses have not been approved yet. The recent launch of new antimicrobials is generating hope as more and more pathogens around the world become resistant to available drugs. But extra effort is still needed. One of the current strategies for antiviral and antibiotic drug development is the search for host cellular pathways used by many different pathogens. For example, many viruses and bacteria alter lipid synthesis and transport to build their own organelles inside infected cells. The characterization of these interactions will be fundamental to identify new targets for antiviral and antibiotic drug development. This review discusses how viruses and bacteria subvert cell machineries for lipid synthesis and transport and summarises the most promising compounds that interfere with these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristina Risco
- Cell Structure Lab, National Centre for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Brigandi RA, Zhu J, Murnane AA, Reedy BA, Shakib S. A Phase 1 Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial With a Topical Inhibitor of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase 1 Under Occluded and Nonoccluded Conditions. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2019; 8:270-280. [PMID: 30650256 PMCID: PMC6590436 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl‐coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD‐1) in sebaceous glands is a key enzyme in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids essential for acne development. GSK1940029 gel, a novel SCD‐1 inhibitor, is being developed as a potential treatment for acne. To assess the irritation potential, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of topical GSK1940029 to the skin of healthy adults, two interdependent studies were conducted in parallel. Study 1 (n = 54) investigated the irritation potential of GSK1940029 (0.3% and 1%, occluded application) to allow for its application to larger surface areas in study 2 (n = 39), which investigated the safety, tolerability, and PK of GSK1940029 after single and repeat doses as occluded and nonoccluded applications. GSK1940029 was not a primary or cumulative irritant after 2 and 21 days of dosing in study 1. In study 2, single and repeat applications of GSK1940029 (0.1% to 1%) doses were well tolerated with little or no influence on AUC and Cmax under occluded or unoccluded conditions. Systemic exposure increased proportionally with surface area and was higher in occluded conditions. Design of these interdependent studies allowed for the assessment of the irritation potential for topical GSK1940029 in parallel with the investigation of PK and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Brigandi
- Virtual Proof of Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - John Zhu
- Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Amy A Murnane
- Virtual Proof of Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Beth Ann Reedy
- Virtual Proof of Concept Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Sepehr Shakib
- CMAX, a division of IDT Australia Limited, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Iida T, Ubukata M, Mitani I, Nakagawa Y, Maeda K, Imai H, Ogoshi Y, Hotta T, Sakata S, Sano R, Morinaga H, Negoro T, Oshida S, Tanaka M, Inaba T. Discovery of potent liver-selective stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) inhibitors, thiazole-4-acetic acid derivatives, for the treatment of diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and obesity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:832-852. [PMID: 30248655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
SCD1 is a rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids. SCD1 inhibitors have potential effects on obesity, diabetes, acne, and cancer, but the adverse effects associated with SCD1 inhibition in the skin and eyelids are impediments to clinical development. To avoid mechanism-based adverse effects, we explored the compounds that selectively inhibit SCD1 in the liver in an ex vivo assay. Starting from a systemically active lead compound, we focused on the physicochemical properties tPSA and cLogP to minimize exposure in the off-target tissues. This effort led to the discovery of thiazole-4-acetic acid analog 48 as a potent and liver-selective SCD1 inhibitor. Compound 48 exhibited significant effects in rodent models of diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and obesity, with sufficient safety margins in a rat toxicology study with repeated dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Iida
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan.
| | - Minoru Ubukata
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Ikuo Mitani
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nakagawa
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Katsuya Maeda
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Hiroto Imai
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ogoshi
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hotta
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Shohei Sakata
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Sano
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Hisayo Morinaga
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Negoro
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oshida
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanaka
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
| | - Takashi Inaba
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
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Abstract
As we gain a greater understanding of acne pathogenesis, both new agents as well as new uses for established drugs are being considered for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Multiple clinical trials assessing new formulations or combinations of established acne treatments have been conducted, and novel uses of antimicrobials such as modified diallyl disulfide oxide and nitric oxide are being assessed in clinical trials. There are also a multitude of new therapies currently being studied that target the inflammatory cascade of acne pathogenesis, including sebosuppressive and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals, and small molecule inhibitors targeting sebaceous glands and enzymes, among others. Laser and light therapy is also being modified for the treatment of acne through combination methods with metal nanoshells and vacuum assistance. Probiotics have gained popularity in medicine as greater knowledge of the microbiome and its effects on multiple organ systems is being elucidated. Studies describing the positive effects of certain ammonia-oxidizing bacterial strains in the regulation of the skin's inflammatory response are ongoing. Therapies for acne are constantly evolving and current gold-standard acne therapy may be supplemented with novel treatment modalities in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha K Trivedi
- School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Suzana S Bosanac
- School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Raja K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA, 95816, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Larissa N Larsen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA, 95816, USA.
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34
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Musso G, Cassader M, Paschetta E, Gambino R. Bioactive Lipid Species and Metabolic Pathways in Progression and Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:282-302.e8. [PMID: 29906416 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing worldwide, yet there are no effective treatments. A decade has passed since the initial lipidomics analyses of liver tissues from patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We have learned that liver cells from patients with NASH have an abnormal lipid composition and that the accumulation of lipids leads to organelle dysfunction, cell injury and death, and chronic inflammation, called lipotoxicity. We review the lipid species and metabolic pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of NASH and potential therapeutic targets, including enzymes involved in fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, bioactive sphingolipids and polyunsaturated-derived eicosanoids, and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. We discuss the concept that NASH is a disease that can resolve and the roles of lipid molecules in the resolution of inflammation and regression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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35
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Jamieson LE, Wetherill C, Faulds K, Graham D. Ratiometric Raman imaging reveals the new anti-cancer potential of lipid targeting drugs. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6935-6943. [PMID: 30258563 PMCID: PMC6128370 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02312c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo lipid synthesis is upregulated in cancer cells and inhibiting these pathways has displayed anti-tumour activity. Here we use Raman spectroscopy, focusing solely on high wavenumber spectra, to detect changes in lipid composition in single cells in response to drugs targeting de novo lipid synthesis. Unexpectedly, the beta-blocker propranolol showed selectively towards cancerous PC3 compared to non-cancerous PNT2 prostate cells, demonstrating the potential of this approach to identify new anti-cancer drug leads. A unique and simple ratiometric approach for intracellular lipid investigation is reported using statistical analysis to create phenotypic 'barcodes', a globally applicable strategy for Raman drug-cell studies. High wavenumber spectral analysis is compatible with low cost glass substrates, easily translatable into the cytological work stream. The analytical strength of this technique could have a significant impact on cancer treatment through vastly improved understanding of cancer cell metabolism, and thus guide drug design and enhance personalised medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Jamieson
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology , WestCHEM , Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre , University of Strathclyde , 99 George Street , Glasgow , G1 1RD , UK .
| | - Corinna Wetherill
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology , WestCHEM , Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre , University of Strathclyde , 99 George Street , Glasgow , G1 1RD , UK .
| | - Karen Faulds
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology , WestCHEM , Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre , University of Strathclyde , 99 George Street , Glasgow , G1 1RD , UK .
| | - Duncan Graham
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology , WestCHEM , Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre , University of Strathclyde , 99 George Street , Glasgow , G1 1RD , UK .
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36
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Fiorucci S, Biagioli M, Distrutti E. Future trends in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:289-298. [PMID: 30021122 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With an estimated prevalence of ≈25% in Western and Asian countries, non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), caused by chronic excessive caloric intake, is the emerging as the most prevalent liver disorder worldwide. NAFLD exists in two clinical entities, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL), a relative benign disease that carry on minimal risk of liver-related morbidity but significant risk of cardiovascular complications, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a progressive liver disorder with a significant risk for development of liver-related morbidities and mortality. While, liver injury in NASH is contributed by lipid overload in hepatocytes, lipotoxicity, the main determinant of disease progression is an inflammation-driven fibrotic response. Here, we review the landscape of emerging pharmacological interventions in the treatment of NAFL and NASH. A consensus exists that, while treating the liver component of NASH requires development of novel pharmacological approaches, the future therapy of NASH needs to be tailored to the single patient and most likely will be a combination of agents acting on specific pathogenic mechanisms at different disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fiorucci
- University of Perugia, Department Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michele Biagioli
- University of Perugia, Department Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Perugia, Italy
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37
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Aardema H, van Tol HTA, Wubbolts RW, Brouwers JFHM, Gadella BM, Roelen BAJ. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity in bovine cumulus cells protects the oocyte against saturated fatty acid stress. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:982-992. [PMID: 28486699 PMCID: PMC5803780 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.146159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rich and poor conditions are both characterized by elevated free fatty acid levels and have been associated with impaired female fertility. In particular, saturated free fatty acids have a dose-dependent negative impact on oocyte developmental competence, while monounsaturated free fatty acids appear less harmful. Cumulus cells seem to protect the oocyte against free fatty acids, and the aim of this study was to determine the mechanism behind this protection In particular, the role of the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) that converts saturated into monounsaturated fatty acids was investigated. SCD gene and protein were abundantly expressed in cumulus cells, but expression was low in oocytes. The level of SCD protein expression in cumulus cells did not change when COCs were exposed to saturated stearic acid during maturation. SCD inhibition in the presence of stearic acid significantly reduced the developmental competence of oocytes and increased the incidence of apoptosis in cumulus cells. The esterified oleic/stearic acid ratio of the neutral lipid fraction in cumulus cells decreased in the presence of SCD inhibitors when COCs were exposed to saturated free fatty acids during maturation, indicating the SCD-specific conversion of saturated fatty acids under noninhibiting conditions. The observation that cumulus cells can desaturate the potentially toxic stearic acid into oleic acid via SCD activity provides a mechanistic insight into how the cumulus cells protect the oocyte against toxicity by saturated fatty acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Aardema
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helena T A van Tol
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard W Wubbolts
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos F H M Brouwers
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart M Gadella
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard A J Roelen
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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38
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Yang RX, Hu CX, Sun WL, Pan Q, Shen F, Yang Z, Su Q, Xu GW, Fan JG. Serum Monounsaturated Triacylglycerol Predicts Steatohepatitis in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Chronic Hepatitis B. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10517. [PMID: 28874844 PMCID: PMC5585331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is associated with lipid metabolic disruption. We carried out a study to determine serum lipidomic features of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and active chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and explored the biomarkers for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Serum lipidomic profiles of healthy controls (n = 23) and of biopsy–proven NAFLD (n = 42), CHB with NAFLD (n = 22) and without NAFLD (n = 17) were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. There were distinct serum lipidome between groups of NAFLD and CHB without NAFLD. Most of the neutral lipids and ceramide were elevated in the NAFLD group but were decreased in the CHB without NAFLD group. Plasmalogens were decreased in both groups. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) with lower carbon numbers and double bonds were increased in subjects with NASH. Serum monounsaturated TAG was a significant predictor of NASH (OR = 3.215; 95%CI 1.663–6.331) and positively correlated with histological activity (r = 0.501; P < 0.001). It showed good predictability for NASH in the NAFLD group [area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) = 0.831] and was validated in the CHB group (AUROC = 0.833); this characteristic was superior to that of cytokeratin-18 and alanine transaminase. The increase in monounsaturated TAG might be a specific marker for NASH in both NAFLD and CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xu Yang
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Wan-Lu Sun
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guo-Wang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
| | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Cano A, Mariño Z, Millet O, Martínez-Arranz I, Navasa M, Falcón-Pérez JM, Pérez-Cormenzana M, Caballería J, Embade N, Forns X, Bosch J, Castro A, Mato JM. A Metabolomics Signature Linked To Liver Fibrosis In The Serum Of Transplanted Hepatitis C Patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10497. [PMID: 28874799 PMCID: PMC5585246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis must be evaluated in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) after liver transplantation because its severity affects their prognosis and the recurrence of HCV. Since invasive biopsy is still the gold standard to identify patients at risk of graft loss from rapid fibrosis progression, it becomes crucial the development of new accurate, non-invasive methods that allow repetitive examination of the patients. Therefore, we have developed a non-invasive, accurate model to distinguish those patients with different liver fibrosis stages. Two hundred and three patients with HCV were histologically classified (METAVIR) into five categories of fibrosis one year after liver transplantation. In this cross-sectional study, patients at fibrosis stages F0-F1 (n = 134) were categorised as “slow fibrosers” and F2-F4 (n = 69) as “rapid fibrosers”. Chloroform/methanol serum extracts were analysed by reverse ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. A diagnostic model was built through linear discriminant analyses. An algorithm consisting of two sphingomyelins and two phosphatidylcholines accurately classifies rapid and slow fibrosers after transplantation. The proposed model yielded an AUROC of 0.92, 71% sensitivity, 85% specificity, and 84% accuracy. Moreover, specific bile acids and sphingomyelins increased notably along with liver fibrosis severity, differentiating between rapid and slow fibrosers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Cano
- OWL, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Zoe Mariño
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Navasa
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Falcón-Pérez
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Joan Caballería
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nieves Embade
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Xavier Forns
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bosch
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd); Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena Castro
- OWL, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José María Mato
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, 48160, Spain
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40
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Tetrahydrobenzothiophene carboxamides: Beyond the kinase domain and into the fatty acid realm. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4462-4466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Zhu M, Hao S, Liu T, Yang L, Zheng P, Zhang L, Ji G. Lingguizhugan decoction improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by altering insulin resistance and lipid metabolism related genes: a whole trancriptome study by RNA-Seq. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82621-82631. [PMID: 29137289 PMCID: PMC5669915 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lingguizhugan decoction, a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In the present study, we compared the phenotype of the normal rats (fed with chow diet), high-fat-diet (HFD) induced NAFLD rats and Lingguizhugan decoction (LGZG, comprises four Chinese herbs: Poria, Ramulus Cinnamomi, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, and Radix Glycyrrhizae.) intervened rats, and detected whole genome gene expression by RNA-Seq. Our results demonstrated that LGZG decoction attenuated phenotypic characteristics of NAFLD rats. RNA-Seq data analysis revealed that gene expression profiles exerted differential patterns between different groups. 2690 (1445 up-regulated, 1245 down-regulated) genes in NAFLD versus (vs) normal group, 69 (16 up-regulated, 53 down-regulated) genes in LGZG vs NAFLD group, and 42 overlapped (12 up- regulated, 30 down-regulated) genes between NAFLDvs normal group and LGZG vs NAFLD group were identified as differentially expressed. GO, pathway enrichment and PPI networks analysis of the overlapped genes revealed that LGZG decoction might attenuate NAFLD possibly by affecting insulin resistance and lipid metabolism related pathways (e.g., PI3K-Akt, AMPK). Differentially expressed genes involved in these pathways such as Pik3r1, Foxo1, Foxo3, Scd1, Col3a1 and Fn1 might be candidate targets for treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Zhu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Public Health College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijun Hao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiyong Zheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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42
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Imamura K, Tomita N, Kawakita Y, Ito Y, Ono K, Nii N, Miyazaki T, Yonemori K, Tawada M, Sumi H, Satoh Y, Yamamoto Y, Miyahisa I, Sasaki M, Satomi Y, Hirayama M, Nishigaki R, Maezaki H. Discovery of Novel and Potent Stearoyl Coenzyme A Desaturase 1 (SCD1) Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3768-3779. [PMID: 28571972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A lead compound A was identified previously as an stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) inhibitor during research on potential treatments for obesity. This compound showed high SCD1 binding affinity, but a poor pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and limited chemical accessibility, making it suboptimal for use in anticancer research. To identify potent SCD1 inhibitors with more promising PK profiles, we newly designed a series of 'non-spiro' 4, 4-disubstituted piperidine derivatives based on molecular modeling studies. As a result, we discovered compound 1a, which retained moderate SCD1 binding affinity. Optimization around 1a was accelerated by analyzing Hansch-Fujita and Hammett constants to obtain 4-phenyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine derivative 1n. Fine-tuning of the azole moiety of 1n led to compound 1o (T-3764518), which retained nanomolar affinity and exhibited an excellent PK profile. Reflecting the good potency and PK profile, orally administrated compound 1o showed significant pharmacodynamic (PD) marker reduction (at 0.3mg/kg, bid) in HCT116 mouse xenograft model and tumor growth suppression (at 1mg/kg, bid) in 786-O mouse xenograft model. In conclusion, we identified a new series of SCD1 inhibitors, represented by compound 1o, which represents a promising new chemical tool suitable for the study of SCD1 biology as well as the potential development of novel anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Imamura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Naoki Tomita
- Corporate Finance Department, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 12-10, Nihonbashi 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8668, Japan
| | - Youichi Kawakita
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Ito
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kouji Ono
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nii
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tohru Miyazaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yonemori
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Michiko Tawada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sumi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Satoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yamamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ikuo Miyahisa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masako Sasaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Satomi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Megumi Hirayama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishigaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hironobu Maezaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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43
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Proschak E, Heitel P, Kalinowsky L, Merk D. Opportunities and Challenges for Fatty Acid Mimetics in Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2017; 60:5235-5266. [PMID: 28252961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids beyond their role as an endogenous energy source and storage are increasingly considered as signaling molecules regulating various physiological effects in metabolism and inflammation. Accordingly, the molecular targets involved in formation and physiological activities of fatty acids hold significant therapeutic potential. A number of these fatty acid targets are addressed by some of the oldest and most widely used drugs such as cyclooxygenase inhibiting NSAIDs, whereas others remain unexploited. Compounds orthosterically binding to proteins that endogenously bind fatty acids are considered as fatty acid mimetics. On the basis of their structural resemblance, fatty acid mimetics constitute a family of bioactive compounds showing specific binding thermodynamics and following similar pharmacokinetic mechanisms. This perspective systematically evaluates targets for fatty acid mimetics, investigates their common structural characteristics, and highlights demands in their discovery and design. In summary, fatty acid mimetics share particularly favorable characteristics justifying the conclusion that their therapeutic potential vastly outweighs the challenges in their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Pascal Heitel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lena Kalinowsky
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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44
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Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and adaptive stress signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1719-1726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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45
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Ghorab MM, Ragab FA, Heiba HI, Soliman AM. Design and synthesis of some novel 4-Chloro-N-(4-(1-(2-(2-cyanoacetyl)hydrazono)ethyl)phenyl) benzenesulfonamide derivatives as anticancer and radiosensitizing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 117:8-18. [PMID: 27085944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of sulfonamide derivatives 4-21 have been synthesized starting from the strategic starting material (E)-4-Chloro-N-(4-(1-(2-(2-cyanoacetyl)hydrazono)ethyl)phenyl) benzenesulfonamide 4. Two series of hydrazone 5-9, and pyridone 10-21 derivatives bearing a sulfonamide moiety were obtained. All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against human liver cancer cell line (HepG2). Compounds 4-6, 8, 9, 10-14 and 16-18 showed higher activity compared to doxorubicin as a positive control. The radiosensitizing ability of the most promising compounds 4, 10 and 12 was studied which showed an increase in the cell killing effect of γ-radiation after combination with these derivatives. The molecular design was performed to predict the binding mode of the most promising compounds 4, 10 and 12 with the active site of hCA IX, that showed appropriate fitting with the relevant amino acids in the binding pocket on the basis of standard bond lengths, angles, S score and E conformation data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M Ghorab
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fatma A Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Helmy I Heiba
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aiten M Soliman
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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46
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Lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e189. [PMID: 26807644 PMCID: PMC4728678 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2015.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 899] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many human diseases, including metabolic, immune and central nervous system disorders, as well as cancer, are the consequence of an alteration in lipid metabolic enzymes and their pathways. This illustrates the fundamental role played by lipids in maintaining membrane homeostasis and normal function in healthy cells. We reviewed the major lipid dysfunctions occurring during tumor development, as determined using systems biology approaches. In it, we provide detailed insight into the essential roles exerted by specific lipids in mediating intracellular oncogenic signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress and bidirectional crosstalk between cells of the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells. Finally, we summarize the advances in ongoing research aimed at exploiting the dependency of cancer cells on lipids to abolish tumor progression.
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