1
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Yang L, Zhang Y, Cai W, Tan J, Hansen H, Wang H, Chen Y, Zhu M, Mu J. Electrochemically-driven actuators: from materials to mechanisms and from performance to applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5956-6010. [PMID: 38721851 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Soft actuators, pivotal for converting external energy into mechanical motion, have become increasingly vital in a wide range of applications, from the subtle engineering of soft robotics to the demanding environments of aerospace exploration. Among these, electrochemically-driven actuators (EC actuators), are particularly distinguished by their operation through ion diffusion or intercalation-induced volume changes. These actuators feature notable advantages, including precise deformation control under electrical stimuli, freedom from Carnot efficiency limitations, and the ability to maintain their actuated state with minimal energy use, akin to the latching state in skeletal muscles. This review extensively examines EC actuators, emphasizing their classification based on diverse material types, driving mechanisms, actuator configurations, and potential applications. It aims to illuminate the complicated driving mechanisms of different categories, uncover their underlying connections, and reveal the interdependencies among materials, mechanisms, and performances. We conduct an in-depth analysis of both conventional and emerging EC actuator materials, casting a forward-looking lens on their trajectories and pinpointing areas ready for innovation and performance enhancement strategies. We also navigate through the challenges and opportunities within the field, including optimizing current materials, exploring new materials, and scaling up production processes. Overall, this review aims to provide a scientifically robust narrative that captures the current state of EC actuators and sets a trajectory for future innovation in this rapidly advancing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixue Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Wenting Cai
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Junlong Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Heather Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- Shanghai Dianji University, 201306, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Jiuke Mu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
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2
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Phan H, Herng TS, Xudong H, Nguyen LK, La VT, Huynh CD, Ding J, Wu J. A high-spin s-triazine linked fluorenyl radical polymer. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16945-16950. [PMID: 38799211 PMCID: PMC11123602 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03034f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The syntheses of high-spin organic polymers have been a daunting task due to the highly reactive nature of organic radicals, especially when they are ferromagnetically coupled. In this paper, we report our approach to obtain high-spin organic polymers, in which a reasonably stable fluorenyl radical was employed as the primary radical unit, and s-triazine serves as the connector that facilitates ferromagnetic coupling between them. Initially, the diamagnetic polymer precursor was synthesized by cyclotrimerization of a cyano-monomer. Subsequently, the high-spin polymers were obtained by oxidizing corresponding anionic polymers using O2 (6) or I2 (7). The temperature-dependent magnetic moments, and field-dependent magnetization data obtained from SQUID measurements revealed ferromagnetic couplings between primary radical units, with coupling J = 7.5 cm-1 and 38.6 cm-1. The percentages of primary unit in the radical form are 29%, and 47% for 6 and 7, respectively. Notably, this marks the first reported instance of a high-spin fluorenyl radical polymer exhibiting ferromagnetic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Phan
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Hou Xudong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Linh Khanh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Vinh The La
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Chinh Dang Huynh
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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3
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Franquesa-Viñas P, Ribas-Ariño J, Santiago R, Deumal M. Enhancing Intramolecular Ferromagnetic Coupling in Tetrathiafulvalene-Nitronyl Nitroxide-Based Compounds through Spin Polarization Mechanism. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400166. [PMID: 38530333 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Spin-polarized donor radicals based on tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivatives and nitronyl nitroxide (NN) radicals in which one-electron oxidation involves the HOMO instead of the SOMO are well known for exhibiting magnetoresistance. In particular, BTBN consists of one dibromo-TTF and one NN radical, which are linked by a phenyl coupler group. One of the key factors driving magnetoresistance is the presence of intramolecular ferromagnetic (FM) coupling between the oxidized π-donor (TTF+⋅, D unit) and NN (R unit). Here, a theoretical study is carried out to assess suitable candidates with enhanced FM coupling with respect BTBN, which is thus used as a reference. The study is conducted via in silico chemical modification of the substituents of the BTBN basic functional units (D and R radicals, C coupler) to benefit from the spin polarization mechanism to boost the intramolecular FM coupling, aiming to distort the BTBN radical arrangement within the molecular crystal as little as possible, in the event the material can be synthesized. NICSiso(1) and Wiberg's Bond Order are analyzed to further assist in identifying promising potential candidates, since the decrease in aromaticity is expected to enhance the diradical character and give rise to a larger magnetic coupling value. The most favorable diradical building block to replace the BTBN moiety results from using a hydroxyl-ethylene (-(H)C=C(OH)-) as a coupler preserving BTBN original radicals, namely, NN and TTF+⋅ units. This study aims at illustrating the feasibility of improving the intramolecular FM interaction between radical moieties, which is fully realized, as a first step towards the synthesis of new materials with (possibly) enhanced magnetoresistance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Franquesa-Viñas
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028, Barcelona
| | - Jordi Ribas-Ariño
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028, Barcelona
| | - Raul Santiago
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028, Barcelona
| | - Mercè Deumal
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & IQTCUB, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028, Barcelona
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4
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Gao M, Lu X, Yang Y, Qin W. Photon-Dipole-Spin Interactions in M(TCNE) x/P(VDF-TrFE) Multiferroic Heterostructure Available for Bimodal Control of Multistate Data-Storage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405024. [PMID: 38736201 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Organic multiferroic heterostructure is one of the most promising structures for the future design of high-density flexible energy-efficient data storage. Here, organic ferromagnetic metal(tetracyanoethylene) (M(TCNE))x/ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) multiferroic heterostructures are fabricated, where the excited state in M(TCNE)x interacted with localized dipole in P(VDF-TrFE) provides a key link for the interfacial coupling. Thus, aligned dipoles in P(VDF-TrFE) by external electric field can affect the magnetization of Fe(TCNE)x effectively to result in a pronounced magnetization-voltage (M-V) hysteresis loop. Moreover, light-induced electron-hole pairs in Fe(TCNE)x with long lifetime effectively interact with the dipoles in P(VDF-TrFE) to lead to an effect in external light control of electric polarization of P(VDF-TrFE). Overall, the organic multiferroic heterostructure provides the possibility of realizing two storage modes, light control of dipole as well as electric field control of spin, which can broaden multifunctional applications of organic multiferroic materials in the area of multistate storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Gao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xiangqian Lu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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5
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Xiang Q, Ye L, Ma L, Sun Z. The Olympicenyl Radical and Its Derivatives. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300571. [PMID: 37916655 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The olympicenyl radical (OR) has long been a fascinating spin doublet hydrocarbon radical that evoked theoretical and experimental research interests, but the chemistry of olympicenyl was limited by its inherent instability. Recently, this field was revived by the advent of stable, multi-substituted ORs and the isolation of them in the crystalline phase. In this minireview, we summarize the early studies on the pristine OR, as well as the recent advances on the substituted OR derivatives, heteroatom-containing OR derivatives, and OR-based diradicals and polyradicals. The synthetic chemistry, stabilization strategies, self-association behaviors, reactivities, and applications in the biological field of the abovementioned compounds were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin university, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin university, Tianjin, 300072, China
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6
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Li F, Mi Y, Chen RZN, Liu W, Wu J, Hou D, Yang M, Zhang S. A radical polymer membrane for simultaneous degradation of organic pollutants and water filtration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315688121. [PMID: 38315857 PMCID: PMC10873639 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315688121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrating reactive radicals into membranes that resemble biological membranes has always been a pursuit for simultaneous organics degradation and water filtration. In this research, we discovered that a radical polymer (RP) that can directly trigger the oxidative degradation of sulfamethozaxole (SMX). Mechanistic studies by experiment and density functional theory simulations revealed that peroxyl radicals are the reactive species, and the radicals could be regenerated in the presence of O2. Furthermore, an interpenetrating RP network membrane consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and the RP was fabricated to demonstrate the simultaneous filtration of large molecules in the model wastewater stream and the degradation of ~ 85% of SMX with a steady permeation flux. This study offers valuable insights into the mechanism of RP-triggered advanced oxidation processes and provides an energy-efficient solution for the degradation of organic compounds and water filtration in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117585, Singapore
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
| | - Yixin Mi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117585, Singapore
| | - Ronn Zhi Ning Chen
- National University of Singapore High School of Mathematics and Sciences, Singapore129957, Singapore
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Quantum Information Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, China
- Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing211111, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117585, Singapore
| | - Deyin Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
| | - Min Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
| | - Sui Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117585, Singapore
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7
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Zhu Z, Zhang D, Xiao T, Fang YH, Xiao X, Wang XG, Jiang SD, Zhao D. Rational Design of an Air-Stable, High-Spin Diradical with Diazapyrene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314900. [PMID: 37851470 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Stable carbon-based polyradicals exhibiting strong spin-spin coupling and slow depolarization processes are particularly attractive functional materials. A new molecular motif synthesized by a convenient method that allows the integration of stable, high-spin radicals to (hetero)aromatic polycycles has been developed, as illustrated by a non-Kekulé diradical showing a triplet ground state with long persistency (τ1/2 ≈31 h) in air. Compared to the widely used 1,3-phenylene, the newly designed (diaza)pyrene-4,10-diyl moiety is for the first time demonstrated to confer ferromagnetic (FM) spin coupling, allowing delocalized non-disjoint SOMOs. With the X-ray crystallography unambiguously proving the diradical structure, the triplet ground state was thoroughly characterized. A large ΔES-T of 1.1 kcal/mol, proving the strong FM coupling effect, was revealed consistently by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements and variable-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, while the zero-field splitting and triplet nutation characters were examined by continuous-wave and pulsed EPR spectroscopy. A millisecond spin-lattice relaxation time was also detected. The current study not only offers a new molecular motif enabling FM coupling between carbon-based spins, but more importantly presents a general method for installing stable polyradicals into functional π-systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hui Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ge Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shang-Da Jiang
- Spin-X Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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8
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Gu Q, Lu X, Chen C, Hu R, Wang X, Sun G, Kang F, Yang J, Wang X, Wu J, Li YY, Peng YK, Qin W, Han Y, Liu X, Zhang Q. Thermally Induced Persistent Covalent-Organic Frameworks Radicals. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 38014811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Persistent covalent-organic framework (COF) radicals hold important applications in magnetics and spintronics; however, their facile synthesis remains a daunting challenge. Here, three p-phenylenediacetonitrile-based COFs (named CityU-4, CityU-5, and CityU-6) were synthesized. Upon heat treatment (250 °C for CityU-4 and CityU-5 or 220 °C for CityU-6), these frameworks were brought into their persistent radical forms (no obvious changes after at least one year), together with several observable factors, including color changes, red-shifted absorption, the appearance of electron spin resonance (ESR) signals, and detectable magnetic susceptibility. The theoretical simulation suggests that after heat treatment, lower total energy and nonzero spin density are two main factors to guarantee persistent COFs radicals and polarized spin distributions. This work provides an efficient method for the preparation of persistent COF radicals with promising potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Lu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Cailing Chen
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Ab-dullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renjie Hu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Guohan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jinglun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jinghang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Ab-dullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and the N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue 83, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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9
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Han H, Huang Y, Tang C, Liu Y, Krzyaniak MD, Song B, Li X, Wu G, Wu Y, Zhang R, Jiao Y, Zhao X, Chen XY, Wu H, Stern CL, Ma Y, Qiu Y, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Spin-Frustrated Trisradical Trication of PrismCage. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18402-18413. [PMID: 37578165 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic trisradicals featuring threefold symmetry have attracted significant interest because of their unique magnetic properties associated with spin frustration. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a triangular prism-shaped organic cage for which we have coined the name PrismCage6+ and its trisradical trication─TR3(•+). PrismCage6+ is composed of three 4,4'-bipyridinium dications and two 1,3,5-phenylene units bridged by six methylene groups. In the solid state, PrismCage6+ adopts a highly twisted conformation with close to C3 symmetry as a result of encapsulating one PF6- anion as a guest. PrismCage6+ undergoes stepwise reduction to its mono-, di-, and trisradical cations in MeCN on account of strong electronic communication between its 4,4'-bipyridinium units. TR3(•+), which is obtained by the reduction of PrismCage6+ employing CoCp2, adopts a triangular prism-shaped conformation with close to C2v symmetry in the solid state. Temperature-dependent continuous-wave and nutation-frequency-selective electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of TR3(•+) in frozen N,N-dimethylformamide indicate its doublet ground state. The doublet-quartet energy gap of TR3(•+) is estimated to be -0.08 kcal mol-1, and the critical temperature of spin-state conversion is found to be ca. 50 K, suggesting that it displays pronounced spin frustration at the molecular level. To the best of our knowledge, this example is the first organic radical cage to exhibit spin frustration. The trisradical trication of PrismCage6+ opens up new possibilities for fundamental investigations and potential applications in the fields of both organic cages and spin chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yiming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Centre for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, The Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Matthew D Krzyaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Centre for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering, The Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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10
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Dai JW, Li YQ, Li ZY, Zhang HT, Herrmann C, Kumagai S, Damjanović M, Enders M, Nojiri H, Morimoto M, Hoshino N, Akutagawa T, Yamashita M. Dual-radical-based molecular anisotropy and synergy effect of semi-conductivity and valence tautomerization in a photoswitchable coordination polymer. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad047. [PMID: 37476568 PMCID: PMC10354699 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic radicals are widely used as linkers or ligands to synthesize molecular magnetic materials. However, studies regarding the molecular anisotropies of radical-based magnetic materials and their multifunctionalities are rare. Herein, a photoisomerizable diarylethene ligand was used to form {[CoIII(3,5-DTSQ·-)(3,5-DTCat2-)]2(6F-DAE-py2)}·3CH3CN·H2O (o-1·3CH3CN·H2O, 6F-DAE-py2 = 1,2-bis(2-methyl-5-(4-pyridyl)-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene), a valence-tautomeric (VT) coordination polymer. We directly observed dual radicals for a single crystal using high-field/-frequency (∼13.3 T and ∼360 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy along the c-axis, which was further confirmed by angle-dependent Q-band EPR spectroscopy. Moreover, a conductive anomaly close to the VT transition temperature was observed only when probes were attached at the ab plane of the single crystal, indicative of synergy between valence tautomerism and conductivity. Structural anisotropy studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that this synergy is due to electron transfer associated with valence tautomerism. This study presents the first example of dual-radical-based molecular anisotropy and charge-transfer-induced conductive anisotropy in a photoswitchable coordination polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg22761, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg22761, Germany
| | - Shohei Kumagai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai980-8578, Japan
| | - Marko Damjanović
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, HeidelbergD-69120, Germany
| | - Markus Enders
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, HeidelbergD-69120, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai980-8577, Japan
| | | | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai980-8577, Japan
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11
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Xia W, Li C, Zhang S, Wang X, Wang S, Yang Q, Li W, Xiong C, Huang J, Wang Q. Ho-Ion-Polymer/Graphene Heterojunctions Toward Room-Temperature Ferromagnets. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300385. [PMID: 36929570 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic ferromagnetic materials offer great promise for spintronic devices, carbon-based chips, and quantum communications, but remain as a challenging issue due to their low saturation magnetization and/or unsustainable ferromagnetic properties. To date, magnetic ion polymers have displayed paramagnetism without exception at room-temperature. In this study, it is reported for the first time that, owing to the structural restriction and charge exchange of Ho ion by polymer/graphene π-π stacking heterojunctions, holmium ion polymer composites exhibited typical hysteresis lines of ferromagnetic materials at room temperature. The room-temperature ferromagnetic ion polymer composite presented the highest saturation magnetization value of 3.36 emu g-1 and unprecedented sustainable ferromagnetism, compared to reported room-temperature organic ferromagnetic materials. Accordingly, prepared ferromagnetic composites also achieved impressive wave absorption properties, with a maximum reflection loss of as much as -57.32 dB and a broad absorption bandwidth of 5.05 GHz. These findings may promote the development of room-temperature organic ferromagnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chenjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shixian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xuelin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Quanling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chuanxi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory for New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Sunshine Avenue 1, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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12
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Steelman ME, Adams DJ, Mayer KS, Mahalingavelar P, Liu CT, Eedugurala N, Lockart M, Wang Y, Gu X, Bowman MK, Azoulay JD. Magnetic Ordering in a High-Spin Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2206161. [PMID: 36114614 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of open-shell organic molecules that magnetically order at room temperature,which can be practically applied, remains a grand challenge in chemistry, physics, and materials science. Despite the exploration of vast chemical space, design paradigms for organic paramagnetic centers generally result in unpaired electron spins that are unstable or isotropic. Here, a high-spin conjugated polymer is demonstrated, which is composed of alternating cyclopentadithiophene and benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole heterocycles, in which macromolecular structure and topology coalesce to promote the spin center generation and intermolecular exchange coupling. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is consistent with spatially localized spins, while magnetic susceptibility measurements show clear anisotropic spin ordering and exchange interactions that persist at room temperature. The application of long-range π-correlations for spin center generation promotes remarkable stability. This work offers a fundamentally new approach to the implementation of this long-sought-after physical phenomenon within organic materials and the integration of manifold properties within emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Steelman
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Daniel J Adams
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Kevin S Mayer
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Paramasivam Mahalingavelar
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Chih-Ting Liu
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Naresh Eedugurala
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Molly Lockart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Michael K Bowman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Jason D Azoulay
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
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13
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Wang Z, Gou X, Wang G, Chang X, Liu K, Liu T, He G, Fang Y. A persistent radical anion derived from a propeller-shaped perylene bisimide-carbazole pentad. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7082-7085. [PMID: 35665788 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02042d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stabilizing reactive radical ions promises outstanding performances in photocatalysis, organic optoelectronics and photothermal therapies, but it remains a challenge. In this contribution, we firstly report a persistent radical anion (PBI˙--4Cz) derived from a propeller-shaped electron-deficient perylene bisimide-based pentad (PBI-4Cz). Detailed investigations confirm that PBI˙--4Cz could intactly exist under inert conditions, and its lifetime is sufficiently prolonged up to more than one week under ambient atmosphere. Such exceptional stability is ascribed to the synergistic effect of the high electron-affinity and structural shielding originating from the compact spatial arrangement of PBI-4Cz. This work contributes to rational design and appropriate chemical construction of stable open-shell species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyu Gou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Xingmao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Taihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.
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14
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Xue C, Peng M, Zhang Z, Han X, Wang Q, Li C, Liu H, Li T, Yu N, Ren Y. Conjugated Boron Porous Polymers Having Strong p−π* Conjugation for Amine Sensing and Absorption. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cece Xue
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhikai Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Conger Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiming Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Xiang Q, Sun Z. Doublet Open-Shell Graphene Fragments. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200251. [PMID: 35438845 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances on neutral delocalized radical species based on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with fused hexagonal rings, herein defined as doublet open-shell graphene fragments, are summarized in this review. A few simple yet useful theoretical approaches for structural analysis and molecular design were introduced at first. Then, based on the number of fused hexagonal rings, molecular systems with different size, symmetry and edge structure were discussed with emphasis on those isolated in the crystalline form. Their unique self-association behavior, chemical reactivity and physical properties were summarized and discussed, and insights on their functions and potential applications were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang
- Tianjin University, Institute of Molecular Plus, CHINA
| | - Zhe Sun
- Tianjin University, Institute of molecular plus, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072, Tianjin, CHINA
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16
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Jiang Q, Zhang J, Mao Z, Yao Y, Zhao D, Jia Y, Hu D, Ma Y. Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in Perylene Diimide Organic Semiconductor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108103. [PMID: 34997648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of pure organic magnets with high Curie temperatures remains a challenging task in material science. Introducing high-density free radicals to strongly interacting organic molecules may be an effective method to this end. In this study, a solvothermal approach with excess hydrazine hydrate is used to concurrently reduce and dissolve rigid-backbone perylene diimide (PDI) crystallites into the soluble dianion species with a remarkably high reduction potential. The as-prepared PDI powders comprising radical anion aggregates are fabricated by a subsequent self-assembly and spontaneous oxidation process. The results of magnetic measurements show that the PDI powders exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism and a Curie temperature higher than 400 K, with a vast saturation magnetization that reaches ≈1.2 emu g-1 . Elemental analysis along with the diamagnetic signal of the ablated residue are used to rule out the possibility that the magnetism is due to metal contamination. The findings suggest that the long-range ferromagnetic ordering can survive at room-temperature in organic semiconductors, and offers a new optional way to create room-temperature magnetic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhongquan Mao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Duokai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yanhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dehua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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17
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Park S, Lee J, Jeong H, Bae S, Kang J, Moon D, Park J. Multi-stimuli-engendered radical-anionic MOFs: Visualization of structural transformation upon radical formation. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Gao M, Zhang K, Hao XT, Qin W. Synergistic Effect of Chiral Nanofibers Amplifying the Orbit Angular Momentum To Enhance Optomagnetic Coupling. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4843-4850. [PMID: 35171574 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating magnetic bits by photon in spintronics, opto-magnetic coupling, is lagging far behind what we could expect. To investigate the issue, one should face the problem to find photon dependence of spin dynamics and spin manipulation. In this work, through introducing chiral orbit in organic crystals, circularly polarized photon can manipulate spin via the channel of photon-orbit-spin interactions. Under the stimulus of the magnetic field, strong spin polarization will feed back to the change in polarized state of light. Moreover, twisting several chiral nanofibers into a thick one, a more pronounced opto-magnetic coupling is clearly observed due to the chirality generated larger chiral orbit. Meanwhile, spin dynamics (or spin response times) inside the aggregated thick chiral fiber can be further tuned by circularly polarized light. Hopefully, this study can deepen the understanding of organic chiral spin-photonics and enhance the application of organic functional crystals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Gao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Kangning Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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19
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Wang H, Shi HY, Yuan XJ, Zhao JF, Bu HX, Hu GC. Spin-Dependent Polaron Dynamics in Organic Ferromagnets. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:614-621. [PMID: 35019650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The spin-dependent polaron dynamics in organic ferromagnets under driven electric fields are investigated by using the extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model coupled with a nonadiabatic dynamics method. It is found that the spin-down polaron with the same spin orientation as the radicals drifts faster than the spin-up one under the same driven electric field. In an applicable range of driven electric fields, the velocity of the spin-down polaron is about 3.4 times that of the spin-up one. The dynamical property of the polaron with each spin (up or down) is asymmetric upon the reversal of the driven electric fields. The diverse dynamical properties of polarons with specific spins can be attributed to the spin nondegenerate polaron energy levels, the dipole moment generated by the asymmetrical polaron charge distributions and the strong electron-lattice coupling in organic ferromagnets. Our findings are expected to be useful for improving organic ferromagnet based spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Shi
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yuan
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Fen Zhao
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xia Bu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Zhangqiu 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Chao Hu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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20
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Su J, Cai P, Yan T, Yang ZM, Yuan S, Zuo JL, Zhou HC. Enhancing the photothermal conversion of tetrathiafulvalene-based MOFs by redox doping and plasmon resonance. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1657-1664. [PMID: 35282630 PMCID: PMC8826858 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc07001k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) photothermal materials hold great promise for use in several applications, particularly in photothermal therapy, diagnosis, and imaging. However, current NIR responsive materials often show narrow absorption bands and low absorption efficiency, and have long response times. Herein, we demonstrate that the NIR absorption of tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be tuned by redox doping and using plasmonic nanoparticles. In this work, a MOF containing redox-active tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units and Dy-carboxylate chains was constructed, Dy-m-TTFTB. The NIR absorption of the as-synthesized Dy-m-TTFTB was further enhanced by Ag+ or I2 oxidation, transforming the neutral TTF into a TTF˙+ radical state. Interestingly, treatment with Ag+ not only generated TTF˙+ radicals, but it also formed Ag nanoparticles (NPs) in situ within the MOF pores. With both TTF˙+ radicals and Ag NPs, Ag NPs@Dy-m-TTFTB was shown to exhibit a wide range of absorption wavelengths (200–1000 nm) and also a high NIR photothermal conversion. When the system was irradiated with an 808 nm laser (energy power of 0.7 W cm−2), Ag NPs@Dy-m-TTFTB showed a sharp temperature increase of 239.8 °C. This increase was higher than that of pristine Dy-m-TTFTB (90.1 °C) or I2 treated I3−@Dy-m-TTFTB (213.0 °C). The photo-response of the redox-active metal–organic framework has been systematically tuned by incorporating plasmonic Ag nanoparticles and tetrathiafulvalene radicals, resulting in efficient near-infrared photothermal conversion materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Peiyu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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21
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Su Y, Chen Z, Tang X, Xu H, Zhang Y, Gu C. Design of Persistent and Stable Porous Radical Polymers by Electronic Isolation Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry Huzhou University Huzhou 313000 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
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22
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Su Y, Chen Z, Tang X, Xu H, Zhang Y, Gu C. Design of Persistent and Stable Porous Radical Polymers by Electronic Isolation Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24424-24429. [PMID: 34523773 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated organic radical polymers with stable radical features are difficult to design because the π conjugation in the polymer backbones makes the radicals readily delocalize and tend to undergo covalent bonding processes. In this work, we report an electronic isolation strategy to design stable porous radical polymers by homocoupling reaction from a meta-position active monomer. The meta linkage ensures less conjugation in the polymer skeletons, localizes the resonant radicals, and prevents them from recombination. The resulting porous radical polymer exhibits exceptional radical characters with ultralow band gap of 0.68 eV, strong yet extended UV/Vis-NIR absorption up to 1800 nm, and high spin density. The above features make the polymer very promising in the photothermal conversion with record-high photothermal temperature increment of ≈∼240 °C and striking solar-driven water evaporation efficiency of 96.8 %. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of electronic isolation of radicals for producing outstanding photothermal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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23
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Freund R, Zaremba O, Arnauts G, Ameloot R, Skorupskii G, Dincă M, Bavykina A, Gascon J, Ejsmont A, Goscianska J, Kalmutzki M, Lächelt U, Ploetz E, Diercks CS, Wuttke S. Der derzeitige Stand von MOF‐ und COF‐Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Freund
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Deutschland
| | - Orysia Zaremba
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, UPV/EHU Science Park Leioa 48940 Spanien
- Department of Chemistry University of California-Berkeley USA
| | - Giel Arnauts
- Center for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy (cMACS) KU Leuven Belgien
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Center for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy (cMACS) KU Leuven Belgien
| | | | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA
| | - Anastasiya Bavykina
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Advanced Catalytic Materials Saudi Arabien
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Advanced Catalytic Materials Saudi Arabien
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Department für Pharmazie und Center for NanoScience (CeNS) LMU München Deutschland
| | - Evelyn Ploetz
- Department Chemie und Center for NanoScience (CeNS) LMU München Deutschland
| | - Christian S. Diercks
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, UPV/EHU Science Park Leioa 48940 Spanien
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spanien
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24
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Tang X, Ma N, Xu H, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Cai L, Otake KI, Yin P, Kitagawa S, Horike S, Gu C. Construction of unimpeded proton-conducting pathways in solution-processed nanoporous polymer membranes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:3088-3095. [PMID: 34505856 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01147b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing proton-conducting membranes with three-dimensional conductivity and expedited interfacial contact is requested in the field of fuel cells. Here, we present a design strategy by combining solution processing and material flexibility into amorphous and porous polymers. We design a nanoporous polymer whose skeleton contains dihydrophenazine as a proton-accepting site, and subsequently protonate these sites to produce abundant charges on the polymer skeletons, which enables ionic polymers to be well dispersed in organic solvents and guarantees that they can be fabricated into uniform and amorphous membranes in a solution-processed manner. Importantly, after protonation, the dihydrophenazines change to proton-donating sites, which exhibit dynamic local motions that assist proton exchange on the polymer skeletons and thus construct three-dimensional and unimpeded proton-conduction pathways, with a striking proton conductivity of 0.30 S cm-1 (298 K and 90% relative humidity), a low resistance of 3.02 Ω, and a H+ transport number of 0.98 that was very close to the upper limitation of 1.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Nattapol Ma
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Qinglei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Linkun Cai
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ken-Ichi Otake
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Panchao Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Susumu Kitagawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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25
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Blahut J, Lejeune AL, Ehrling S, Senkovska I, Kaskel S, Wisser FM, Pintacuda G. Untersuchung von Dynamik, Struktur und Magnetismus von schaltbaren Metall‐organischen Gerüstverbindungen mittels
1
H‐detektierter MAS‐NMR‐Spektroskopie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
- NMR Laboratory Faculty of Science Charles University Hlavova 8 12842 Prag Czech Republic
| | - Arthur L. Lejeune
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
- IFP Energies Nouvelles 69360 Solaize Frankreich
| | - Sebastian Ehrling
- Professur für Anorganische Chemie I Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Derzeitige Adresse: 3P Instruments GmbH & Co. KG Rudolf-Diesel-Straße 12 85235 Odelzhausen Deutschland
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Professur für Anorganische Chemie I Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Professur für Anorganische Chemie I Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Florian M. Wisser
- IRCELYON (UMR 5256 CNRS, UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
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26
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Blahut J, Lejeune AL, Ehrling S, Senkovska I, Kaskel S, Wisser FM, Pintacuda G. Monitoring Dynamics, Structure, and Magnetism of Switchable Metal-Organic Frameworks via 1 H-Detected MAS NMR. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21778-21783. [PMID: 34273230 PMCID: PMC8519119 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a toolbox for the rapid characterisation of powdered samples of paramagnetic metal-organic frameworks at natural abundance by 1 H-detected solid-state NMR. Very fast MAS rates at room and cryogenic temperatures and a set of tailored radiofrequency irradiation schemes help overcome the sensitivity and resolution limits often associated with the characterisation of MOF materials. We demonstrate the approach on DUT-8(Ni), a framework containing Ni2+ paddle-wheel units which can exist in two markedly different architectures. Resolved 1 H and 13 C resonances of organic linkers are detected and assigned in few hours with only 1-2 mg of sample at natural isotopic abundance, and used to rapidly extract information on structure and local internal dynamics of the assemblies, as well as to elucidate the metal electronic properties over an extended temperature range. The experiments disclose new possibilities for describing local and global structural changes and correlating them to electronic and magnetic properties of the assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts ChampsUMR 5082 CNRSENS LyonUCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
- NMR LaboratoryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityHlavova 812842PragueCzech Republic
| | - Arthur L. Lejeune
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts ChampsUMR 5082 CNRSENS LyonUCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
- IFP Energies Nouvelles69360SolaizeFrance
| | - Sebastian Ehrling
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry ITechnische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
- Present address: 3P Instruments GmbH & Co. KGRudolf-Diesel-Strasse 1285235OdelzhausenGermany
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry ITechnische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry ITechnische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
| | - Florian M. Wisser
- IRCELYON (UMR 5256 CNRS, UCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts ChampsUMR 5082 CNRSENS LyonUCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
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27
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Pakulski P, Pinkowicz D. 1,2,5-Thiadiazole 1,1-dioxides and Their Radical Anions: Structure, Properties, Reactivity, and Potential Use in the Construction of Functional Molecular Materials. Molecules 2021; 26:4873. [PMID: 34443461 PMCID: PMC8400987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides a summary of the preparation, structure, reactivity, physicochemical properties, and main uses of 1,2,5-thiadiazole 1,1-dioxides in chemistry and material sciences. An overview of all currently known structures containing the 1,2,5-thiadiazole 1,1-dioxide motif (including the anions radical species) is provided according to the Cambridge Structural Database search. The analysis of the bond lengths typical for neutral and anion radical species is performed, providing a useful tool for unambiguous assessment of the valence state of the dioxothiadiazole-based compounds based solely on the structural data. Theoretical methodologies used in the literature to describe the dioxothiadiazoles are also shortly discussed, together with the typical 'fingerprint' of the dioxothiadiazole ring reported by means of various spectroscopic techniques (NMR, IR, UV-Vis). The second part describes the synthetic strategies leading to 1,2,5-thiadiazole 1,1-dioxides followed by the discussion of their electrochemistry and reactivity including mainly the chemical methods for the successful reduction of dioxothiadiazoles to their anion radical forms and the ability to form coordination compounds. Finally, the magnetic properties of dioxothiadiazole radical anions and the metal complexes involving dioxothiadiazoles as ligands are discussed, including simple alkali metal salts and d-block coordination compounds. The last section is a prospect of other uses of dioxothiadiazole-containing molecules reported in the literature followed by the perspectives and possible future research directions involving these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Pakulski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Pinkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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28
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Freund R, Zaremba O, Arnauts G, Ameloot R, Skorupskii G, Dincă M, Bavykina A, Gascon J, Ejsmont A, Goscianska J, Kalmutzki M, Lächelt U, Ploetz E, Diercks CS, Wuttke S. The Current Status of MOF and COF Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23975-24001. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Freund
- Solid State Chemistry University of Augsburg Germany
| | - Orysia Zaremba
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials UPV/EHU Science Park Leioa 48940 Spain
- Department of Chemistry University of California-Berkeley USA
| | - Giel Arnauts
- Center for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS) KU Leuven Belgium
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Center for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS) KU Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA
| | - Anastasiya Bavykina
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Advanced Catalytic Materials Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Advanced Catalytic Materials Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) LMU Munich Germany
| | - Evelyn Ploetz
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS) LMU Munich Germany
| | - Christian S. Diercks
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials UPV/EHU Science Park Leioa 48940 Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
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29
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Billa BR, Lin CH. Tuning the LUMO Levels of Z-Shaped Perylene Diimide via Stepwise Cyanation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9820-9827. [PMID: 34210139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The central dogma in constructing organic electron acceptors is to attach electron-withdrawing groups to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Yet, the full potentials of many organic acceptors were never realized due to synthetic obstacles. By combining the Wittig-Knoevenagel benzannulation, the Pd(0)-catalyzed cyanation, and nucleophilic addition/oxidation cyanation, six polynitrile Z-shaped perylene diimide were synthesized. These stable and soluble electron acceptors possess LUMO energy levels comparable with those of benchmark compounds. Electrochemical investigation reveals that each additional nitrile group reduces the LUMO energy by 0.2 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargava Rao Billa
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No 127, Second Sec, Academia Road, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiu Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No 127, Second Sec, Academia Road, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China
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30
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Cai K, Zhang L, Astumian RD, Stoddart JF. Radical-pairing-induced molecular assembly and motion. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:447-465. [PMID: 37118435 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Radical-pairing interactions between conjugated organic π-radicals are relative newcomers to the inventory of molecular recognition motifs explored in supramolecular chemistry. The unique electronic, magnetic, optical and redox-responsive properties of the conjugated π-radicals render molecules designed with radical-pairing interactions useful for applications in various areas of chemistry and materials science. In particular, the ability to control formation of radical cationic or anionic species, by redox stimulation, provides a flexible trigger for directed assembly and controlled molecular motions, as well as a convenient means of inputting energy to fuel non-equilibrium processes. In this Review, we provide an overview of different examples of radical-pairing-based recognition processes and of their emerging use in (1) supramolecular assembly, (2) templation of mechanically interlocked molecules, (3) stimuli-controlled molecular switches and, by incorporation of kinetic asymmetry in the design, (4) the creation of unidirectional molecular transporters based on pumping cassettes powered by fuelled switching of radical-pairing interactions. We conclude the discussion with an outlook on future directions for the field.
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31
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Qin L, Zhang HL, Zhai YQ, Nojiri H, Schröder C, Zheng YZ. A giant spin molecule with ninety-six parallel unpaired electrons. iScience 2021; 24:102350. [PMID: 33898945 PMCID: PMC8054144 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Unpaired electrons which are essential for organic radicals and magnetic materials are hardly to align parallel, especially upon the increasing of spin numbers. Here, we show that the antiferromagnetic interaction in the largest Cr(III)-RE (rare earth) cluster {Cr10RE18} leads to 96 parallel electrons, forming a ground spin state ST of 48 for RE = Gd. This is so far the third largest ground spin state achieved in one molecule. Moreover, by using the classical Monte Carlo simulation, the exchange coupling constants Jij can be determined. Spin dynamics simulation reveals that the strong Zeeman effects of 18 Gd(III) ions stabilize the ground ferrimagnetic state and hinder the magnetization reversals of these spins. In addition, the dysprosium(III) analog is an exchange-biasing single-molecule magnet. We believe that the ferrimagnetic approach and analytical protocol established in this work can be applied generally in constructing and analyzing giant spin molecules. The largest {Cr10RE18} molecular clusters were assembled for RE = Gd, Dy, and Y The {Cr10Gd18} cluster shows a large ground spin state of ST = 48 The exchange coupling constants were determined by Classical Monte Carlo simulation Spin dynamics simulation reveals a ferrimagnetic ground state of {Cr10Gd18}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University Shenzhen Research Academy, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hao-Lan Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University Shenzhen Research Academy, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yuan-Qi Zhai
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University Shenzhen Research Academy, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute of Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Christian Schröder
- Bielefeld Institute for Applied Materials Research, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, D-33619 Bielefeld, Germany.,Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yan-Zhen Zheng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University Shenzhen Research Academy, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy and Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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32
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Wang ZY, Dai YZ, Ding L, Dong BW, Jiang SD, Wang JY, Pei J. A Stable Triplet-Ground-State Conjugated Diradical Based on a Diindenopyrazine Skeleton. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4594-4598. [PMID: 33241615 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
High-spin conjugated radicals have great potential in magnetic materials and organic spintronics. However, to obtain high-spin conjugated radicals is still quite challenging due to their poor stability. We report the successful synthesis and isolation of a stable triplet conjugated diradical, 10,12-diaryldiindeno[1,2-b:2',1'-e]pyrazine (m-DIP). With the m-xylylene analogue skeleton containing electron-deficient sp2 -nitrogen atoms, m-DIP displays significant aromatic character within its pyrazine ring and its spin density mainly delocalizes on the meta-pyrazine unit, making it a triplet ground state conjugated diradical. Our work provides an effective "spin density tuning" strategy for stable high-spin conjugated radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ya-Zhong Dai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bo-Wei Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shang-Da Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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33
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34
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Wang Z, Dai Y, Ding L, Dong B, Jiang S, Wang J, Pei J. A Stable Triplet‐Ground‐State Conjugated Diradical Based on a Diindenopyrazine Skeleton. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Ya‐Zhong Dai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Li Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Bo‐Wei Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Shang‐Da Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jie‐Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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35
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Su J, Xu N, Murase R, Yang Z, D'Alessandro DM, Zuo J, Zhu J. Persistent Radical Tetrathiafulvalene‐Based 2D Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Their Application in Efficient Photothermal Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4789-4795. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ning Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ryuichi Murase
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Zhi‐Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | | | - Jing‐Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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Persistent Radical Tetrathiafulvalene‐Based 2D Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Their Application in Efficient Photothermal Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Mondal AK, Brown N, Mishra S, Makam P, Wing D, Gilead S, Wiesenfeld Y, Leitus G, Shimon LJW, Carmieli R, Ehre D, Kamieniarz G, Fransson J, Hod O, Kronik L, Gazit E, Naaman R. Long-Range Spin-Selective Transport in Chiral Metal-Organic Crystals with Temperature-Activated Magnetization. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16624-16633. [PMID: 33095016 PMCID: PMC7760088 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature, long-range (300 nm), chirality-induced spin-selective electron conduction is found in chiral metal-organic Cu(II) phenylalanine crystals, using magnetic conductive-probe atomic force microscopy. These crystals are found to be also weakly ferromagnetic and ferroelectric. Notably, the observed ferromagnetism is thermally activated, so that the crystals are antiferromagnetic at low temperatures and become ferromagnetic above ∼50 K. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements and density functional theory calculations suggest that these unusual magnetic properties result from indirect exchange interaction of the Cu(II) ions through the chiral lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Mondal
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Noam Brown
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler
Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Pandeeswar Makam
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dahvyd Wing
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sharon Gilead
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yarden Wiesenfeld
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Linda J. W. Shimon
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Ehre
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Grzegorz Kamieniarz
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Faculty
of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-75237 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oded Hod
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler
Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The
Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Perlepe P, Oyarzabal I, Mailman A, Yquel M, Platunov M, Dovgaliuk I, Rouzières M, Négrier P, Mondieig D, Suturina EA, Dourges MA, Bonhommeau S, Musgrave RA, Pedersen KS, Chernyshov D, Wilhelm F, Rogalev A, Mathonière C, Clérac R. Metal-organic magnets with large coercivity and ordering temperatures up to 242°C. Science 2020; 370:587-592. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Perlepe
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Itziar Oyarzabal
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Chemistry Faculty, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aaron Mailman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Morgane Yquel
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mikhail Platunov
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Iurii Dovgaliuk
- Swiss-Norwegian Beamlines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mathieu Rouzières
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Philippe Négrier
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d’Aquitaine, UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Denise Mondieig
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d’Aquitaine, UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France
| | | | - Marie-Anne Dourges
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Sébastien Bonhommeau
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Rebecca A. Musgrave
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Kasper S. Pedersen
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Dmitry Chernyshov
- Swiss-Norwegian Beamlines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Wilhelm
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrei Rogalev
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Corine Mathonière
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France
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Allendorf MD, Dong R, Feng X, Kaskel S, Matoga D, Stavila V. Electronic Devices Using Open Framework Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:8581-8640. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Allendorf
- Chemistry, Combustion, and Materials Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dariusz Matoga
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Vitalie Stavila
- Chemistry, Combustion, and Materials Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
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Ma X, Suturina EA, Rouzières M, Wilhelm F, Rogalev A, Clérac R, Dechambenoit P. A heteroleptic diradical Cr(iii) complex with extended spin delocalization and large intramolecular magnetic exchange. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4906-4909. [PMID: 32239004 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Successive chemical reductions of the heteroleptic complex [(tpy)CrIII(tphz)]3+ (tpy = terpyridine; tphz = tetrapyridophenazine) give rise to the mono- and di-radical redox isomers, [(tpy)CrIII(tphz˙-)]2+ and [(tpy˙-)CrIII(tphz˙-)]+, respectively. As designed, the optimized overlap of the involved magnetic orbitals leads to extremely strong magnetic interactions between the S = 3/2 metal ion and S = 1/2 radical spins, affording well isolated ST = 1 and ST = 1/2 ground states at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Ma
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France.
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Cai K, Mao H, Liu WG, Qiu Y, Shi Y, Zhang L, Shen D, Chen H, Jiao Y, Wu H, Liu Z, Feng Y, Stern CL, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Highly Stable Organic Bisradicals Protected by Mechanical Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7190-7197. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haochuan Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dengke Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Huang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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42
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Tang S, Ruan H, Feng R, Zhao Y, Tan G, Zhang L, Wang X. Tunable Reduction of 2,4,6‐Tri(4‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐Triazine: From Radical Anion to Diradical Dianion to Radical Metal–Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18224-18229. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Huapeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and EngineeringGuangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545006 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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43
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Tang S, Ruan H, Feng R, Zhao Y, Tan G, Zhang L, Wang X. Tunable Reduction of 2,4,6‐Tri(4‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐Triazine: From Radical Anion to Diradical Dianion to Radical Metal–Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Huapeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and EngineeringGuangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou 545006 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistryJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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