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Migeot J, Panesso C, Duran-Aniotz C, Ávila-Rincón C, Ochoa C, Huepe D, Santamaría-García H, Miranda JJ, Escobar MJ, Pina-Escudero S, Romero-Ortuno R, Lawlor B, Ibáñez A, Lipina S. Allostasis, health, and development in Latin America. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105697. [PMID: 38710422 PMCID: PMC11162912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The lifespan is influenced by adverse childhood experiences that create predispositions to poor health outcomes. Here we propose an allostatic framework of childhood experiences and their impact on health across the lifespan, focusing on Latin American and Caribbean countries. This region is marked by significant social and health inequalities nested in environmental and social stressors, such as exposure to pollution, violence, and nutritional deficiencies, which critically influence current and later-life health outcomes. We review several manifestations across cognition, behavior, and the body, observed at the psychological (e.g., cognitive, socioemotional, and behavioral dysfunctions), brain (e.g., alteration of the development, structure, and function of the brain), and physiological levels (e.g., dysregulation of the body systems and damage to organs). To address the complexity of the interactions between environmental and health-related factors, we present an allostatic framework regarding the cumulative burden of environmental stressors on physiological systems (e.g., cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine) related to health across the life course. Lastly, we explore the relevance of this allostatic integrative approach in informing regional interventions and public policy recommendations. We also propose a research agenda, potentially providing detailed profiling and personalized care by assessing the social and environmental conditions. This framework could facilitate the delivery of evidence-based interventions and informed childhood-centered policy-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Migeot
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Panesso
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Duran-Aniotz
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Ávila-Rincón
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PhD Program in Neuroscience) Bogotá, San Ignacio, Colombia
| | - Carolina Ochoa
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Huepe
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hernando Santamaría-García
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PhD Program in Neuroscience) Bogotá, San Ignacio, Colombia; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center of Memory and Cognition Intellectus, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio Bogotá, San Ignacio, Colombia
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - María Josefina Escobar
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stefanie Pina-Escudero
- Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián Lipina
- Unidad de Neurobiología Aplicada (UNA, CEMIC-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Rodriguez VJ, Basurto KS, Finley JCA, Liu Q, Khalid E, Halliburton AM, Tse PKY, Resch ZJ, Soble JR, Ulrich DM. Multidimensional ADHD Symptom Profiles: Associations with Adverse Childhood Experiences. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024:acae050. [PMID: 38916192 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with a range of negative health outcomes, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and neurocognitive deficits. This study identified symptom profiles in adult patients undergoing neuropsychological evaluations for ADHD and examined the association between these profiles and ACEs. METHODS Utilizing unsupervised machine learning models, the study analyzed data from 208 adult patients. RESULTS The Gaussian Mixture Model revealed two distinct symptom profiles: "Severely Impaired" and "Moderately Impaired". The "Severely Impaired" profile, 23.6% of the sample, was characterized by more severe ADHD symptomatology in childhood and worse neurocognitive performance. The "Moderately Impaired" profile, 76.4% of the sample, had scores in the average range for self-reported internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and better neurocognitive performance. There was a greater number of ACEs reported by patients in the Severely Impaired profile than the Moderately Impaired profile (p = .022). Specifically, using an ACEs cutoff of ≥4, 53.1% of patients in the Severely Impaired profile reported four or more ACEs, compared with 34.6% in the Moderately Impaired profile (p = .020). Profiles were not related to clinician-ascribed diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the association between ACEs and worse symptom profiles marked by impaired neurocognitive function, increased internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and heightened perceived stress in adults with ADHD. Future research may explore the effect of ACEs on symptom profiles in diverse populations and potential moderators or mediators of these associations. Findings offers valuable insights for clinicians in their assessment and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen S Basurto
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John-Christopher A Finley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elmma Khalid
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Zachary J Resch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason R Soble
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Devin M Ulrich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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Bahri MRZ, Tayim N, Fakhrou A, Davoudi M. Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Gambling Severity in Youth Online Gamblers: The Mediating Roles of Internalizing, Attention and Externalizing Problems. J Gambl Stud 2024:10.1007/s10899-024-10320-8. [PMID: 38802628 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Gambling Severity (gambling severity), considering the mediating roles of internalizing, externalizing, and attention among youth online gamblers. METHODS 762 youth (agemean±SD= 15.03 ± 2.40; agerange = 10-18 years; 75.3% boys) completed the Persian Gambling Disorder Screening Questionnaire (GDSQ-P), Pediatric Symptom Checklist - Youth Report (Y-PSC), and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Questionnaire (ACE's section, modified by authors). The analysis was done using the SMART PLS software. RESULTS The reliability and discriminant validity of the provided model were assessed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). According to the results of the PLS-SEM analysis, the present model demonstrated suitable levels of reliability and validity. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) significantly affected attention, internalizing, externalizing problems, and gambling severity. Additionally, the level of gambling was directly correlated with ACEs. Moreover, the indirect influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable via the mediators was found to be statistically significant (P < .001).These findings suggest that externalizing behaviors, attention problems, and internalizing symptoms mediate the effect of ACEs on gambling severity. Lastly, fitness indices indicated that our proposed model fit the data well (SRMR = 0.06, d_ULS = 1.15, Chi-square = 1291.461, and NFI = 0.71). CONCLUSION Our study found that ACEs significantly influence gambling severity among youth online gamblers, with internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems mediating this relationship. Practical implications include integrating ACE screening and targeted interventions for associated mental health issues into youth gambling prevention programs to mitigate the risk of problematic gambling behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Tayim
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulnaser Fakhrou
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammadreza Davoudi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Van Laer S, Fiľakovská Bobáková D, Kolarcik P, Engel O, Madarasová Gecková A, Reijneveld SA, de Kroon MLA. Parenting by mothers from marginalized communities and the role of socioeconomic disadvantage: insights from marginalized Roma communities in Slovakia. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1362179. [PMID: 38646114 PMCID: PMC11026858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1362179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Roma living in marginalized communities often face poor living conditions and material deprivation, which may negatively impact parenting. Our aim is to compare the parenting behavior (support, harsh discipline, and stimulation) of mothers from marginalized Roma communities and the majority population in Slovakia. We also examine the role of socioeconomic disadvantage and related worries in the differences in parenting behavior between these groups. Methods We obtained cross-sectional data from mothers of children aged 14-18 months using the first wave of the longitudinal RomaREACH study dataset. Two groups were included in the sample: 93 mothers from MRCs and 102 mothers from the majority. We performed multiple regression and mediation analyses to assess whether the educational level of mothers, the degree of poverty, and poverty-related feelings of stress and worries explain parenting behavior differences between the groups of mothers. Results We found significant differences in parenting, especially in harsh disciplining and stimulation. These two domains were significantly associated with maternal education, degree of poverty, and poverty-related stress and worries. The degree of poverty partially mediated stimulation differences between the two groups of mothers. Conclusion Parenting in MRCs seems harsher and less stimulative than parenting in the Slovak majority. These differences are associated with the socioeconomic disadvantage of mothers. The degree of poverty partially explains why parenting in MRCs is less stimulative. These results may inform intervention efforts aimed at disadvantaged families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Van Laer
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Fiľakovská Bobáková
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Peter Kolarcik
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ofer Engel
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Madarasová Gecková
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marlou L. A. de Kroon
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Environment and Health, Youth Health Care, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Hamel C, Rodrigue C, Clermont C, Hébert M, Paquette L, Dion J. Alexithymia as a mediator of the associations between child maltreatment and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in adolescence. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6359. [PMID: 38493260 PMCID: PMC10944459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Child maltreatment is a global concern that profoundly affects individuals throughout their lives. This study investigated the relationships between various forms of child maltreatment and behavior problems involving internalization and externalization during adolescence. Data obtained from a diverse sample of 1802 Canadians aged 14-18 years was used to examine the mediating role of alexithymia-a difficulty in recognizing and expressing emotions-in these associations. Results indicated that adolescents who experienced sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) in their childhood exhibited higher levels of alexithymia, which was correlated with elevated levels of both internalizing and externalizing problems. Physical abuse and parental neglect were only associated with externalizing problems. Gender differences also emerged, with gender-diverse adolescents reporting a higher prevalence of maltreatment, alexithymia, and behavior problems compared with their peers. However, alexithymia's mediating role was consistent across genders. Overall, this study highlights the intricate relationships between child maltreatment, alexithymia, and adolescent behavior problems. The findings of this study how different forms of child maltreatment significantly shape behavioral outcomes and indicate the importance of interventions in enhancing emotional awareness and expression in adolescents with a childhood history of maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hamel
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2V 2S9, Canada.
- Research Centre On Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse (CRIPCAS), Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2V 2S9, Canada.
| | - Christopher Rodrigue
- Research Centre On Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse (CRIPCAS), Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2V 2S9, Canada
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Camille Clermont
- Research Centre On Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse (CRIPCAS), Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2V 2S9, Canada
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Martine Hébert
- Research Centre On Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse (CRIPCAS), Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2V 2S9, Canada
- Département de Sexologie, Université du Québec À Montréal, Montréal, H2L 4Y2, Canada
| | - Linda Paquette
- Département Des Sciences de La Santé, Université du Québec À Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Jacinthe Dion
- Research Centre On Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse (CRIPCAS), Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2V 2S9, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, G9A 5H7, Canada
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Zhang W, Wang Z. The longitudinal relationship between childhood trauma and adolescents' externalizing problems: A moderated mediation model. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 149:106646. [PMID: 38266582 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Externalizing problems among adolescents are prevalent, which are associated with a range of maladaptive developmental outcomes. Existing studies investigated the influence of childhood trauma, and attentional control on and how sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is related to adolescents' externalizing problems. However, it is unknown whether attentional control plays a mediating role in the relationships between childhood trauma and adolescents' externalizing problems, and whether SPS plays a moderating role in these relationships. The present study examined these issues with a six-month-interval longitudinal study design. METHODS A total of 1933 junior school students (Grade 7, Mage = 12.82, 47.7 % girls) from a large follow-up project in a city of eastern China participated in the study. After half a year (wave 2), the data of 1890 participants (Grade 8) were collected. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Attentional Control Scale (ACS-C), Highly Sensitive Child Scale (HSCS), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL-YSR) were administered to the participants to assess their childhood trauma, attentional control, SPS, and externalizing problems in two waves. The immediate and longitudinal moderated mediation models were utilized to investigate the relationships among these factors. RESULTS Childhood trauma significantly and positively predicted adolescents' externalizing problems. Attentional control played an immediate and longitudinal mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and externalizing problems. SPS moderated the relationship between childhood trauma and adolescents' attentional control. Childhood trauma had a greater effect on the attentional control of adolescents with SPS levels. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that childhood trauma might impair adolescents' attentional control and then increase their externalizing problems. The influence of childhood trauma on attentional control is more serious among adolescents with lower SPS levels. Therefore, decreasing and preventing childhood trauma and building a warm nurturing environment might be beneficial to improving adolescents' attentional control ability and then reduce their externalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenhong Wang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang J, Cooke E, Wei X, Liu Y, Zheng Y. Intergenerational cascade processes from parental childhood adversity to child emotional and behavioral problems. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 149:106695. [PMID: 38395021 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may transmit to the next generation and influence children's emotional and behavioral problems. Relatively little evidence exists on the underlying pathways of this intergenerational transmission at the family- and individual-level. OBJECTIVE This study examined the intergenerational cascade processes of parental ACEs on children's emotional and behavioral problems via family cohesion, children's ACEs, and children's self-control. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING 283 children (52 % male, Mage = 10.47 years) and their parents (61.1 % mothers, Mage = 38.62 years) were recruited for a 2-month longitudinal study with surveys administered at three time points. METHOD Mediation models examined the intergenerational effects of parental ACEs (T1/T3) and family cohesion (T1) as reported by parents, and children's ACEs (T1) and children's self-control (T2) as reported by children, on children's internalizing and externalizing problems (T3) as reported by parents. RESULTS Family cohesion, children's ACEs, and children's self-control sequentially mediated the link between parental ACEs and children's externalizing problems (indirect effect = 0.004, 95 % CI [0.001, 0.014]). Parental ACEs were directly linked with children's internalizing problems (β = 0.191, SE = 0.075, p = .011). CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrated intergenerational cascades of distal and proximal risk processes from parental ACEs to children's behavioral problems. These findings have implications for future interventions on children's externalizing problems that aim at improving family cohesion and children's self-control for families exposed to childhood adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Eric Cooke
- Criminal Justice Program, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoqi Wei
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Wang D, Zhou M, Hu Y. The Relationship Between Harsh Parenting and Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents: Serial Mediating Role of Depression and Social Pain. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:735-752. [PMID: 38410380 PMCID: PMC10896639 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s438014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the increasing prevalence of smart phones, adolescent smartphone addiction has garnered significant attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that smartphone addiction is associated with various internalization and externalization problems. Therefore, this present study aims to investigate the risk factors contributing to adolescent smartphone addiction. Methods Study 1 recruited a sample of 540, 690, and 470 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years for exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity analysis of the social pain scale. Study 2 utilized data from a sample of 718 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years to examine the measurement model used revised social pain scale, smartphone addiction scale, harsh parenting scale, and depression sub-scale. Results The present study revealed that (1)The Social Pain Scale had good applicability in Chinese adolescents; (2) There were significant, positive correlations among harsh parenting, smartphone addiction, depression and social pain; (3) Social pain and depression played a partially serial mediating role in the relationship between harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, and similarly the relationship between paternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, while a completely serial mediating role in the relationship between maternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction. Conclusion This study provides a direct path (improving parenting style) and an indirect path (reducing social pain to reduce depression) regarding interventions for adolescents with smartphone addiction, and establishes a basis for improving the situation of adolescent smartphone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixin Hu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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Tolliver DG, Hawks LC, Holaday LW, Wang EA. Exploring Parental Incarceration, US Government Support Programs, and Child Health and Well-Being: A National Cross-Sectional Study. J Pediatr 2024; 264:113764. [PMID: 37777171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe relationships between parental incarceration and child health and flourishing-a measure of curiosity, resilience, and self-regulation-and to identify government programs that moderate this relationship. METHODS Using the National Survey of Children's Health data from 2016 through 2019 for children 6-17 years old, we estimated associations with logistic regression between parental incarceration and overall health and flourishing, adjusting for child, caregiver, and household factors. We secondarily examined physical health (asthma, headaches), mental health (attention deficit disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression), developmental needs (learning disability, special educational plan use), and educational (missing ≥11 school days, repeated grade) outcomes. We performed interaction analyses to determine whether government program participation (eg, free/reduced lunch, cash assistance) moderated relationships between parental incarceration and child outcomes. RESULTS Children with parental incarceration accounted for 9.3% of the sample (weighted n = 4 400 000). Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and multiracial children disproportionately experienced parental incarceration. Parental incarceration was associated with worse health (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.11-1.55) and higher odds of not flourishing (aOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.46-1.89). Physical health, mental health, developmental issues, and educational needs were also associated with parental incarceration. Participation in free and reduced lunch moderated the relationships between parental incarceration and general health and flourishing, and cash assistance moderated the association between parental incarceration and flourishing. For each, parental incarceration had an attenuated association with health among people who participated in government programs. CONCLUSIONS Parental incarceration is disproportionately experienced by Black and Indigenous children and associated with worse child health and well-being. Government support program participation may mitigate negative associations between parental incarceration and child outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destiny G Tolliver
- Yale National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
| | - Laura C Hawks
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Louisa W Holaday
- Yale National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Emily A Wang
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; SEICHE Center for Health and Justice, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Lin W, Liang H, Jiang H, Mohd Nasir MA, Zhou H. Why is Smartphone Addiction More Common in Adolescents with Harsh Parenting? Depression and Experiential Avoidance's Multiple Mediating Roles. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4817-4828. [PMID: 38047152 PMCID: PMC10693199 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s428167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Harsh parenting is positively correlated with adolescents' smartphone addiction, according to a growing corpus of studies. The various mediating processes that could underlie this link, however, are not well understood. Based upon the experiential avoidance model, the current research aimed to identify the relation between harsh parenting and adolescents' smartphone addiction and the mediating roles of adolescents' depression and experiential avoidance. Methods We recruited 456 adolescents (female = 52.6%; Mage = 13.19 years, SD = 0.85) at a public junior high school in China to complete the harsh discipline scale, 90-item Hopkins symptom checklist, acceptance and action questionnaire version II, and smartphone addiction scale short version. SPSS24.0 was used to conduct independent samples t-test, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and common method bias test, PROCESS were used to conduct a significance test of the chain mediation effect on the data. Age, gender, and grade were used as con-founders that were controlled in order to make cautious predictions. Results The results showed that (1) harsh parenting was positively correlated with adolescents' depression, experiential avoidance, and smartphone addiction; (2) both depression and experiential avoidance fully mediated the link between harsh parenting and smartphone addiction; and (3) depression and experiential avoidance also sequentially mediated the link between harsh parenting and smartphone addiction. These findings have significant implications for the prevention and intervention of adolescents' smartphone addiction. Conclusion These findings suggested that harsh parenting may have an indirect impact on smartphone addiction in both a simple way (parallel mediation) and a complicated way (serial mediation). In addition, these studies shed light on smartphone addiction prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Lin
- School of Applied Psychology, Social Work & Policy, UUM College of Arts & Sciences, University Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Hanyu Liang
- School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaibin Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mohd Azrin Mohd Nasir
- School of Applied Psychology, Social Work & Policy, UUM College of Arts & Sciences, University Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Huiling Zhou
- School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Pinto-Cortez C, Peñaloza-Díaz G, Martínez N, Díaz S, Valdovino N, Zavala M, Muzatto-Negrón P, Zapata-Sepúlveda P. Adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in adolescents from northern Chile: the moderating role of the attachment style. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2023; 36:37. [PMID: 38015372 PMCID: PMC10684444 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-023-00273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the underlying mechanisms through which adverse childhood experiences affect (ACEs) the mental health of adolescents is of paramount importance for disease prevention in later stages of life. OBJECTIVE The present study examines the relationship between ACEs and psychopathology in adolescents from northern Chile and how attachment style (abandonment anxiety and intimacy avoidance) may moderate this relationship. A total of 154 schooled adolescents aged 12 to 17 (M = 15.08, SD = 1.64) completed a series of self-report questionnaires including the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACEs), Experiences in Close Relationships- Relationship Structures (ECR-RS), and Youth Self Report (YSR-18). RESULTS The data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25, which included descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA, and Spearman correlation analysis. To address moderation analysis, the PROCESS macro extension version 4.1 was employed. In this process, the bootstrap method was applied to construct confidence intervals, and the pick-a-point approach was used to define the levels of the moderating variable. According to the results, 80.3% of the sample experienced one or more ACEs, and 16.4% reported experiencing at least three. Furthermore, the variables under study exhibited significant correlations with each other, except for intimacy avoidance, which showed no correlation with ACEs (rho = -0.10; p = 0.273). When considering abandonment anxiety as a moderating variable, the direct effect of ACEs on externalizing symptoms showed statistically significant changes (β = 0.60, p = 0.03). No other moderating effects were found according to the proposed models. CONCLUSION In childhood, the accumulation of ACEs is associated with the development of psychopathology in adolescents from northern Chile, specifically with the presence of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. These findings suggest that lower levels of abandonment anxiety could mitigate the effects of ACEs on adolescent psychopathology, while higher levels of abandonment anxiety could exacerbate these effects on psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Peñaloza-Díaz
- Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
- Programa de Doctorado en Psicología, Universidad de Tarapacá, Universidad Católica del Norte, Arica, Chile.
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12
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Somefun O, Theron L, Ungar M. The association between family adversity and youth mental health outcomes. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1333-1347. [PMID: 37335052 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between family adversity and young people's mental health outcomes in communities that experience economic instability has not been well explored in the South African context. Furthermore, the overtime interaction between resilience factors, family adversity, and young people's psychological functioning in African settings, like South Africa, is under-investigated. PURPOSE This study investigates the relationship between family adversity and conduct problems and depression at two-time points in a sample of youths in two South African communities stressed by their dependency on economically volatile oil and gas industries. METHOD This article draws on longitudinal data generated by the Resilient Youth in Stressed Environments (RYSE) study in South Africa, which included 914 and 528 (wave 1 and 3) adolescents and emerging adults (14-27-year-olds; M age = 18.36 years) living in Secunda/eMbalenhle and Sasolburg/Zamdela. Participants were sampled at baseline (wave 1) and 18-24 months later (wave 3). They self-reported experience of community violence, family adversity, resilience-enabling resources, conduct difficulties, and depression symptoms. Regression analyses were used to examine the unadjusted and adjusted association of family adversity on conduct problem and depression. RESULTS About 60% of participants reported high family adversity. Regressions, however, revealed no association between family adversity and conduct problems and depression cross-sectionally and over time. Individual resilience, biological sex, and experience of victimization in the community, however, were associated with conduct difficulty while all three resilience factors were associated with decreased depression among participants. CONCLUSION Our study sheds light on the risk and protective factors for mental health outcomes of adolescents and youths who reside in volatile, turbulent communities and experience ongoing familial challenges. To effectively support the mental well-being of young individuals in such contexts, interventions must consider the potential ambivalence of the resilience factors they aim to strengthen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi Somefun
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Linda Theron
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael Ungar
- Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Liu X, Cao G, Zhang L, Chen Y, Liu S, Shi Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Yin H. Early Emotional Experiences and Prosocial Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: The Roles of Psychological Suzhi and Subjective Socioeconomic Status. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13040283. [PMID: 37102797 PMCID: PMC10136347 DOI: 10.3390/bs13040283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prosocial behavior plays a vital role in adolescents’ well-being and social functioning, with the recall of early emotional experiences being a major influence. Positive experiences such as early memories of warmth and safeness (EMWS) contribute to prosocial interpersonal characteristics, whereas adverse experiences such as child psychological abuse and neglect (CPAN) lead to social withdrawal or behavioral problems. The direct effects of EMWS and CPAN on prosocial behavior were investigated in this study, along with the mediation effect of psychological suzhi and the moderation effect of subjective socioeconomic status (SSS). A sample of 948 adolescents (Mage = 14.05 years, SD = 1.68 years; 43.6% females) was randomly recruited to complete self-report questionnaires. Correlation results indicated that EMWS promoted prosocial behavior, whereas CPAN was negatively associated with prosocial behavior. Path analyses confirmed the mediating role of psychological suzhi on the effects of EMWS and CPAN on prosocial behavior. SSS was shown to moderate the effects of EMWS on prosocial behavior and CPAN on psychological suzhi. Compared to lower SSS, higher SSS would reinforce the positive impact of EMWS on prosocial behavior and exacerbate the negative impact of CPAN on psychological suzhi. The current study provided new insight into understanding the underlying mechanisms of prosocial behavior from the perspective of early emotional experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Gege Cao
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Sige Liu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yulin Li
- School of Business Administration, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Huazhan Yin
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Correspondence:
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Anderson AS, Siciliano RE, Pillai A, Jiang W, Compas BE. Parental drug use disorders and youth psychopathology: Meta-analytic review. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 244:109793. [PMID: 36758372 PMCID: PMC10015502 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parental drug use disorders (PDUDs) represent a highly prevalent risk factor for youth's development of psychological and substance misuse. However, most research on associations between parental substance use and child mental health focuses on composites of parental drug, alcohol, and tobacco use. PDUDs are associated with a range of legal, health, and environmental risks that make them substantially distinct from tobacco and alcohol misuse, yet associations between PDUDs and youth psychopathology symptoms have yet to be assessed quantitatively using meta-analytic techniques. Accordingly, the present meta-analysis assessed the association between PDUDs and youth's internalizing, externalizing, substance use, and total psychological problems across 30 studies (N = 8433). Meta-analytic findings showed that PDUDs were associated with greater substance use and total psychological problems in youth. Across studies, PDUDs were not associated with broad dimensions of youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms but demonstrated a positive relation with youth ADHD and conduct disorder symptoms. There were significant moderation effects for study quality, symptom informant, and child age, where the association between PDUDs and child symptoms of psychopathology was stronger for older youth, in higher quality studies, and studies using joint parent-child symptom informants. Taken together, the meta-analytic findings suggest that PDUDs present a significant risk factor for youth. Future research targeting the relation between parental drug use and youth psychopathology is warranted for prevention and intervention efforts. Implication of findings, mechanisms of interest, and an agenda for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allegra S Anderson
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Rachel E Siciliano
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Arnav Pillai
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wenyi Jiang
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bruce E Compas
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Sharma E, Golhar T. Lest We Forget the Parent in the Parent-Adolescent Dance! JOURNAL OF INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09731342221135815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental stage with rapid, and dynamic, biological and social changes in an individual. These changes add to the vulnerabilities for mental health morbidity. Adolescents today live and grow at the center of a layered, globalized, hyper-connected world where proximate and distal environments constantly influence each other. Parenting is part of the most proximate of the environmental layers, and is purported to have a protective and supportive role for adolescents. This editorial reflects upon challenges in parenting adolescents, and the need for nuanced re-examinations of the role of parenting in today’s globalized, hyper-connected, yet isolating, constantly changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eesha Sharma
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejas Golhar
- Child & Adolescent Mental Health Services, Goulburn Valley Health, Shepparton, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Adolescent Mental Health and Family Economic Hardships: The Roles of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Family Conflict. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:2294-2311. [PMID: 35997913 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Rising and economically disproportionate rates of adverse mental health outcomes among children and youth warrant research investigating the complex pathways stemming from socioeconomic status. While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been considered a possible mechanism linking socioeconomic status (SES) and child and youth psychopathology in previous studies, less is understood about how family environments might condition these pathways. Using data from a longitudinal, multiple-wave study, the present study addresses this gap by examining the direct relationships between family economic status and youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms, if ACEs mediate these relationships, and if conflictual family environments moderate these direct and indirect relationships. The data were obtained from 5510 youth participants [mean age at baseline = 9.52 (SD = 0.50), 47.7% female, 2.1% Asian, 10.3% Black, 17.6% Hispanic, 9.8% Multiracial/Multiethnic, 60.2% White] and their caretakers from the baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow up waves. Conditional process analysis assessed the direct, indirect, and moderated relationships in separate, equivalent models based on youth- versus caregiver-raters of ACEs and youth psychopathology to capture potential differences based on the rater. The results of both the youth- and caregiver-rated models indicated that lower family economic status directly predicted higher levels of externalizing symptoms, and ACEs indirectly accounted for higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Additionally, family conflict moderated some, but not all, of these relationships. The study's findings highlight that lower family economic status and ACEs, directly and indirectly, contribute to early adolescent psychopathology, and conflictual family environments can further intensify these relationships. Implementing empirically supported policies and interventions that target ACEs and family environments may disrupt deleterious pathways between SES and youth psychopathology.
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