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Couturas J, Jost J, Schadler L, Bodeau N, Moysan V, Lescarret B, Olliac B, Calvet B. Impact of the COVID-19 health crisis on psychotropic drug use in children and adolescents in France. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:119. [PMID: 39285493 PMCID: PMC11406773 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2019, the world faced a pandemic brought about by a severe acute respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The spread of this virus has profoundly affected societies, particularly in terms of their economic, human and social dimensions, as well as their healthcare systems. Several restrictive measures (reduced social interaction, periodic school closures,…) had to be taken to contain the spread of the virus. These measures have had an impact on the psychological well-being of both adults and children. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in psychotropic drugs prescriptions for children and adolescents living in Limousin, a French region, over the period 2018 to 2021. METHODS The consumption of psychotropic drugs was studied using a national database of drug reimbursement. These data were extracted and supplied from the nationwide French reimbursement healthcare system database (SNDS). The following therapeutic classes were studied: N05A (antipsychotics), N05B (anxiolytics), N05C (hypnotics and sedatives), N06A (antidepressants) and N06B (psychostimulants). Data were collected for insured persons under the age of 18 who received at least one reimbursement for a psychotropic drug between 2018 and 2021. RESULTS Over a 4-year period, 7949 patients under the age of 18 were included with an average age of 12.1 years and a sex ratio of 0.97 M/F. The number of patients increased from 2018 to 2021, as did the number of reimbursements. We observed a statistically significant difference of means of patients reimbursed per week for on five therapeutic classes, with the greatest difference in 2021 (p < 0.0001). An increase in the number of patients of between + 20.7% and + 689% was observed, depending on the drug classes studied. Comparisons between the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 periods showed a significantly higher COVID average for psychotropic drugs reimbursements in general and individually for all classes except psychostimulants. CONCLUSION The results show a significant increase in the consumption of psychotropic drugs among youth. The increase in psychotropic drug use was continuous and progressive throughout the pandemic. All five classes were increased, but particularly anxiolytics and antidepressants. The COVID-19 context may have been at the origin of a deterioration in the mental health of children and adolescents, or of a heightened awareness of psychiatric care among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturas
- Pharmacy Departement, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, 87000, Limoges, France.
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMact- Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Research and Innovation unit, 87000, Limoges, France.
| | - Jérémy Jost
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMact- Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Pharmacy Department, University Hospital of Limoges, Avenue Martin Luther King, 87000, Limoges, France
| | - Laurence Schadler
- Pharmacy Departement, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, 87000, Limoges, France
| | - Nicolas Bodeau
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine, 2 rue du docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | | | | | - Bertrand Olliac
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMact- Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Research and Innovation unit, 87000, Limoges, France
- Departement of child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Benjamin Calvet
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMact- Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
- Centre Memoire de Ressources Et de Recherche du Limousin, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, 87000, Limoges, France
- University center for adult and geriatric psychiatry and addictology, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, 87000, Limoges, France
- Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Research and Innovation unit, 87000, Limoges, France
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Cengiz N, Topan A, Akyol Güner T. Evaluation of the relationship between self-care agency and quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus during COVID-19 pandemic. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 78:e236-e243. [PMID: 39013702 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore the relationship between self-care agency and quality of life among adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) during the pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was conducted with 186 adolescents aged 13-16 who have T1DM and attended a pediatric endocrinology clinic at a Training and Research Hospital in the capital city of Turkey between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022. Data from 118 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria and fully completed the survey were used in the analysis. Data were collected using the 'Participant Information Form', 'Self-Care Agency Scale', and 'Kiddo-KINDL Quality of Life Scale'. RESULTS The study found that adolescents with higher self-care agency reported significantly better quality of life. Additionally, significant correlations were observed between self-care agency and adherence to pandemic measures, dietary adjustments, hygiene practices, diabetes management challenges, family communication, sleep duration, dietary patterns, and exercise difficulties (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was evident that the self-care agency and quality of life of adolescents with T1DM were impacted, with those possessing higher self-care agency experiencing better and more meaningful quality of life. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE T1DM affects all aspects of life, and quality of life is considered a critical outcome of diabetes care. It is essential for adolescents to adhere to practices such as regular nutrition, physical activity, blood sugar monitoring, and appropriate insulin intake to achieve optimal glycemic levels and the best possible quality of life. Adolescents should be trained on these issues by pediatric nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursel Cengiz
- Dr Sami Ulus Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Topan
- Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dept. of Nursing, Kozlu-Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Türkan Akyol Güner
- Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kozlu-Zonguldak, Turkey.
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Hilberath J, Mast AS, Scherer S, Fuchs J, Schulte J, Sturm E, Warmann S, Slavetinsky C. Impact of COVID-19 on paediatric chronic intestinal failure: A tertiary care children's hospital experience. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:1171-1179. [PMID: 38477361 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Paediatric patients with intestinal failure (IF) are at risk for both gastrointestinal (GI) and systemic complications, thus depending on a functioning network of multidisciplinary care. Data on the clinical impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or the pandemic-related restrictions are limited. We aimed to analyse the clinical course of COVID-19 in children with IF, and to evaluate the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on IF patients and their caregivers by analysing quality of life (QoL), health-related QoL (HRQoL) and health care. METHODS Children with IF presenting at our intestinal rehabilitation centre were enrolled and interviewed about test-proven COVID-19 infection. A standardised questionnaire was offered to all caregivers of IF patients and to two control groups (children with inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal healthy children). RESULTS Between December 2020 and November 2022, 25 out of 127 patients with IF contracted COVID-19. Forty-eight per cent had GI symptoms, 32% required additional intravenous fluids and 20% were hospitalized. Only 25% of vaccinated children showed signs of GI dysfunction, compared to 52% of unvaccinated children. Analysis of 93 questionnaires showed a negative impact on QoL and HRQoL (>66.7% and >27.8%, respectively). IF patients frequently experienced restrictions in health care, including appointments, services and supply of parenteral nutrition or medications. Caregiver burden increased significantly more often in caregivers of children with IF (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Paediatric patients with IF contracting COVID-19 have an increased risk for GI dysfunction which may be alleviated by vaccination. Children and their caregivers were highly burdened by pandemic-related restrictions and reductions in health care provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hilberath
- Paediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophia Mast
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon Scherer
- Paediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Fuchs
- Paediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schulte
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Sturm
- Paediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steven Warmann
- Paediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Slavetinsky
- Paediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Mocho H, Martins C, dos Santos R, Nunes C. Parental Involvement and Stress in Children's Quality of Life: A Longitudinal Study with Portuguese Parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:440. [PMID: 38671657 PMCID: PMC11049130 DOI: 10.3390/children11040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Parental involvement (PI) has particular relevance on children's academic adjustment and on children's general quality of life (QoL). QoL can be influenced by parental stress, specifically the stress suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the differences during the pandemic period (before, after and with no lockdown), comparing these constructs with parental educational level to provide predictors of their children's quality of life. Data collection was performed with a non-probability convenience sampling procedure. It was composed of 129 parents, mainly women (71.8%), with children aged between 6 and 12 years. The family's sociodemographic characteristics were assessed, as well as the PI, parental stress, and children's QoL. The comparison between the three times revealed an increase in the children's QoL, but no differences were found in PI. Based on the parental educational level, as defined by academic qualifications and split into superior and non-superior levels, it is possible conclude that engagement in school activities and parents' meetings increased in the parents with superior education levels and decreased in the parents with lower education levels. This study concluded that despite this difficult and uncertain pandemic period, these parents were able to maintain important aspects of their children's lives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cristina Nunes
- Psychology Research Centre (CIP), University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (H.M.); (C.M.); (R.d.S.)
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Hilberath J, Mast AS, Holweg M, Kränkel L, Remppis J, Renk H, Lang P, Schulte J, Fuchs J, Slavetinsky C. Quality of life and healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic are more restricted in chronically ill than in healthy children: a tertiary care children's hospital experience. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1801-1810. [PMID: 38253757 PMCID: PMC11001739 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic forced changes in everyday life of children and adolescents due to government containment measures, an altered healthcare accessibility and utilization, and public concern about SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Data on the challenges and impact on children and their families with chronic diseases are limited. The primary objectives of this study were to assess (i) concerns for SARS-CoV-2 infection, (ii) perceived effects on health-related and overall quality of life (HRQoL and QoL), and (iii) accessibility and utilization of healthcare, comparing families with chronically ill children to families with healthy children during the second SARS-CoV-2 infection wave in Germany. A caregiver questionnaire was designed and participation offered in the emergency department and outpatient clinic of a German tertiary care children's hospital. 45.9% of the 205 participants were majorly concerned about their children contracting a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Caregivers of chronically ill children (128/205, 62.4%) stated significantly more often a negative impact on their child's QoL (w = 0.17; p = 0.014), while caregivers of chronically ill adolescents over the age of 13 expressed significantly more frequent a negative impact on their child's HRQoL (w = 0.21; p = 0.016). Outpatient appointments for chronically ill children were significantly more often canceled (w = 0.17; p = 0.025). Caregivers of chronically ill children were significantly more likely to report that they would actively delay hospital visits for emerging health issues due to the pandemic (w = 0.12; p = 0.049). Conclusion: Our findings underscore the importance of identifying families with chronically ill children as a vulnerable patient group with higher burdens during the COVID-19 pandemic and potential future pandemics. Healthcare providers may mitigate such burdens by ensuring reliable appointment allocation, offering contactless healthcare options, and providing tailored advice regarding vulnerabilities and preventive measures specific to their chronically ill children. What is Known: • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to significant restrictions in everyday life and both accessibility and utilization of healthcare for children and adolescents. • Chronically ill children faced exceptional challenges as they depend on regular and functioning medical care, but data comparing the pandemic's impact between chronically ill and healthy children are lacking. What is New: • The perceived impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on quality of life is more negative for chronically ill children and their health-related quality of life is more often affected compared to healthy children. • Caregivers of chronically ill children would more often delay a visit to their child's doctor during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and their medical appointments are more often postponed which both could increase health burdens for such vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hilberath
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophia Mast
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Holweg
- Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lara Kränkel
- Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Remppis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hanna Renk
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Lang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schulte
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Fuchs
- Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Slavetinsky
- Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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de Paiva RERP, de Paula JJ, Costa DDS, da Silva LG, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA, de Miranda DM. Children and adolescents' quality of life in repeated cross-sectional studies during the COVID-19. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241235068. [PMID: 38439508 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241235068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, internalizing and externalizing symptoms have impacted the quality of life of children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study evaluated children's quality of life using parental reports, observing associations with mental health problems and sociodemographic variables. Some behavioral measures were linked to lower quality of life, particularly depression symptoms, relationship problems, and inattention. Multiple regression models indicated that reduced children's quality of life (R2 = 36%) was associated with higher levels of internalizing (r = -0.46) and externalizing (r = -0.23) behavioral problems and younger parents (r = -0.08). Children with previous mental disorder diagnoses had lower quality of life than those without (p < 0.001). In summary, children's quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic was linked to current mental health, parental age, and previous history of mental disorders.
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Concincion S, van Houtum L, van de Vorst B, Verhoeff A, Dedding C. Obesity care for youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges youth healthcare nurses experienced in providing obesity care in the Netherlands. Nurs Health Sci 2024; 26:e13084. [PMID: 38356109 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic deeply affected the lives of children and young people; studies report adverse effects on mental, physical, and social well-being. However, the impact of the pandemic on obesity care for children received little attention. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the challenges youth healthcare nurses experienced and to describe implications for future obesity care and policy. We conducted interviews, participant observations, and a group session with youth healthcare nurses during the pandemic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Youth healthcare nurses reported a deterioration in the problems of children and young people who were already in the highest classification for pediatric obesity, such as increased weight gain, mental health problems, and socio-economic problems. The nurses experienced immense challenges while trying to provide obesity care, such as a decrease in face-to-face contact with youth and their families, as well as loss of continuity of care. It is important to reconnect with these families, invest in a trusted relationship with youth receiving obesity care, and prioritize available and accessible obesity care for those who need it the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegnella Concincion
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Youth healthcare Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Houtum
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arnoud Verhoeff
- Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Dedding
- Department Ethics, Law & Humaniora (ERH), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Namayandeh SM, Basti M, Jambarsang S, Ardekani SMY. The impact of long COVID on health-related quality of life in patients 6 months after discharge with severe COVID-19. Immunogenetics 2024; 76:27-35. [PMID: 38151544 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-023-01329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between long COVID and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients discharged for 6 months. It included 192 patients with a history of severe COVID-19 and 192 patients with a history of non-severe COVID-19 patients that were selected through quota sampling methods from the Medical Care Monitoring Center (MCMC) of hospitals in Shiraz, Iran, in 2020. Phone-based interviews were conducted to collect data using the short form of the 12-item health-related quality of life (SF-12) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, including mean (standard deviation) and frequency (percentage), were utilized. Statistical tests, such as the chi-squared test, independent samples t-test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple linear regression models were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24, with a significance level of 0.05. Among 384 patients, 79.95% were married, with a mean age of 53.95 years. The majority of patients in both groups were male (57.81% in the severe group and 51.04% in the non-severe group). Patients with severe COVID-19 had significantly lower quality of life scores compared to those with non-severe COVID-19 (p < 0.001, 34.45 [SD = 6.59] versus 39.64 [SD = 5.07]). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis indicated that severe COVID-19 inducts a significant negative effect on HRQOL in patients after adjustment of confounders (p < 0.001, B = - 4.84). Patients with severe COVID-19 had lower HRQOL compared to those with a non-severe level. It is necessary to consider implementing policies aimed at providing social, psychological, or medical support to improve the HRQOL of patients with a history of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Moslem Basti
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Sara Jambarsang
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Vincent J, Santhakumari RM, Nalinakumari Kesavan Nair A, Sharahudeen A, K P A, Suresh MM, Valamparampil MJ, A V G, Sujatha C, Thekkumkara Surendran A. What our children lost and gained at the time of school closure during the Covid-19 pandemic: a study on psychological distress, behavioural concerns and protective factors of resilience among preschool children in Kerala, India. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:14. [PMID: 38263155 PMCID: PMC10807164 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic has put at risk the social and emotional development of children on account of the paucity of arenas for social interaction. This study from Kerala, India was conducted to assess the resilience factors, behavioural concerns, psychological distress symptoms among the children aged 3 to 5 years. We also tried to look into the lost opportunities that could have aided the social and emotional development of children like peer interaction, child care hours. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted among the children aged 3 to 5 years. A total of 535 children attending the immunisation clinics were enrolled by consecutive sampling. Devereux Early Childhood Assessment P2 (DECA P2) questionnaire was used to assess the levels of resilient factors and behavioural concerns in the study population. RESULTS We observed a high proportion of children in the area of need category of protective factors under DECA P2. The proportion of children falling under area of concern was 64.5%, 49%, 68.4% for attachment/relationship, self-regulation, and initiative respectively. 24.9% study subjects have a behavioural concern score that puts them in the area of need category. The logistic regression model we created identified 'Male Gender,' 'Mothers could spend only less time for child care' and 'electronic devices used as pacifier' as significant predictors for belonging to Area of need Behavioural Concerns T score category. CONCLUSION A large proportion of children aged between 3 to 5 years with reported behavioural concerns and lack of protective factors for socioemotional development. This can be attributed partly to the ongoing pandemic and its associated restrictions. The increased child care hours invested by parents or grandparents could have sized down the full impact that the pandemic would have had on the socio emotional development of the child. Increased time spent using electronic devices coupled with dwindled opportunities for interaction with peers have been notable challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Vincent
- Department of Community Medicine, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
| | | | | | - Anisha Sharahudeen
- Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Asvini K P
- Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | | | - Mathew J Valamparampil
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, 695011, India
| | - Gayathri A V
- WHO medical consultant, NTEP, Kerala, Ernakulam, India
| | - Chintha Sujatha
- Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
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Lammers J, Smith B. Therapeutic Play Gym: Feasibility of a Caregiver-Mediated Exercise System for NICU Graduates with Neuromuscular Weakness-A Case Series. Pediatr Phys Ther 2024; 36:105-112. [PMID: 38227756 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the feasibility and effect of caregiver-mediated exercise training using a novel Therapeutic Play Gym in 3 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates with rare neuromuscular diseases. SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS Caregivers of 3 medically complex, technology-dependent NICU graduates could not access community-based rehabilitation services after discharging from lengthy initial hospitalizations. These children, diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy type 0, untreated X-linked myotubular myopathy, and untreated nemaline myopathy 3 (NEM3), completed monthly consultations with a pediatric clinical specialist and 3 assessment appointments. The caregivers agreed to administer a progressive Therapeutic Play Gym home exercise program at a minimum frequency of 3×/wk for 6 months. CONCLUSION A monthly consultative approach was both feasible and effective to safely progress caregiver-mediated home exercise training using a novel Therapeutic Play Gym. Positive training effects emerged in fitness, function, and caregiver-reported quality of life domains. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE A strong therapist-caregiver alliance can empower families to perform guided training when community resources are limited. More research is needed to see whether this training model is feasible for children with other conditions; for use in hospital, outpatient, or educational settings; and as an adjuvant exercise treatment for children receiving disease-modifying interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Lammers
- Department of Pediatrics (Ms Lammers), Powell Center for Rare Disease Research and Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Physical Therapy (Dr Smith), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Brusco NK, Danchin M, Watts JJ, Jos C, Loughnan M, Williams T, Ratcliffe J, Hoq M, Tosif S, Kaufman J. Parent-Reported Child and Parent Quality of Life during COVID-19 Testing at an Australian Paediatric Hospital Outpatient Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2555. [PMID: 37761750 PMCID: PMC10530877 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, we have seen a drop in adult and child quality of life (QOL) during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about adult or child QOL during the height of the pandemic in Australia and the impact of government-imposed restrictions, specifically attending school on-site versus home schooling. Our study aimed to establish if QOL in children and parents presenting to a Respiratory Infection Clinic in Victoria, Australia, for COVID-19 PCR testing differed from pre-pandemic population norms. We also explored whether on-site versus home schooling further impacted QOL. Following the child's test and prior to receiving results, consenting parents of children aged 6 to 17 years old completed the Child Health Utility 9 Dimension (CHU9D) instrument on their child's behalf. Parents of children aged birth to five years completed the EuroQOL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) instrument on their own behalf (cross-sectional study). Data analyses utilised quantile regression, adjusting for the child's age, COVID-19 symptoms, gender and chronic health conditions. From July 2020 to November 2021, 2025 parents completed the CHU9D; the mean age for children was 8.41 years (±3.63 SD), and 48.4 per cent were female (n = 980/2025). In the same time period, 5751 parents completed the EQ-5D-5L; the mean age for children was 2.78 years (±1.74 SD), and 52.2 per cent were female (n = 3002/5751). Results showed that QOL scores were lower than pre-pandemic norms for 68 per cent of the CHU9D group and 60 per cent of the EQ-5D-5L group. Comparing periods of on-site to home schooling, there was no difference between the median QOL scores for both CHU9D (0.017, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.01) and EQ-5D-5L (0.000, 95% CI -0.002 to 0.002). Our large-scale study found that while QOL was reduced for children and parents at the point of COVID-19 testing during the pandemic, differing levels of government-imposed restrictions did not further impact QOL. These unique insights will inform decision-making in relation to COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K. Brusco
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston 3199, Australia
| | - Margie Danchin
- Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia; (M.D.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (J.K.)
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia;
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer J. Watts
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia;
| | - Carol Jos
- Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia; (M.D.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (J.K.)
| | - Myles Loughnan
- Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia; (M.D.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (J.K.)
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia;
| | - Tria Williams
- Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia; (M.D.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (J.K.)
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Julie Ratcliffe
- Health and Social Care Economics Group, Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia;
| | - Monsurul Hoq
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia;
- RCH National Child Health Poll, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Shidan Tosif
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia;
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Jessica Kaufman
- Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia; (M.D.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (J.K.)
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
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12
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Riccardi JS. Exploring the Caregiver-Reported Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children with Traumatic Brain Injury. Semin Speech Lang 2023; 44:205-216. [PMID: 37327911 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have a persistent, negative, and disproportionate impact on children with disabilities. Children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be expected to experience a disproportionate impact given the deficits often associated with childhood TBI (e.g., family functioning, fatigue, executive functioning, quality of life). This study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with TBI and their families, compared to typically developing (TD) children and their families. Thirty caregivers (TBI = 15; TD = 15) completed a series of electronic survey measures. Overall, caregivers reported no negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their family's or child's functioning and association with demographic factors and domains of functioning showed no clear patterns. The findings of this exploratory study support continued longitudinal investigation with larger sample sizes of the provision of supports for all families and children in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional research is needed to understand the effectiveness of targeted services for students with TBI in domains of functioning that are significantly poorer than TD children (e.g., quality of life, executive functioning, fatigue).
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Panchal U, Salazar de Pablo G, Franco M, Moreno C, Parellada M, Arango C, Fusar-Poli P. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on child and adolescent mental health: systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:1151-1177. [PMID: 34406494 PMCID: PMC8371430 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 294.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020, resulting in many countries worldwide calling for lockdowns. This study aimed to review the existing literature on the effects of the lockdown measures established as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents. Embase, Ovid, Global Health, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and pre-print databases were searched in this PRISMA-compliant systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42021225604). We included individual studies reporting on a wide range of mental health outcomes, including risk and protective factors, conducted in children and adolescents (aged ≤ 19 years), exposed to COVID-19 lockdown. Data extraction and quality appraisal were conducted by independent researchers, and results were synthesised by core themes. 61 articles with 54,999 children and adolescents were included (mean age = 11.3 years, 49.7% female). Anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were common in the included studies and ranged 1.8-49.5% and 2.2-63.8%, respectively. Irritability (range = 16.7-73.2%) and anger (range = 30.0-51.3%), were also frequently reported by children and adolescents. Special needs and the presence of mental disorders before the lockdown, alongside excessive media exposure, were significant risk factors for anxiety. Parent-child communication was protective for anxiety and depression. The COVID-19 lockdown has resulted in psychological distress and highlighted vulnerable groups such as those with previous or current mental health difficulties. Supporting the mental health needs of children and adolescents at risk is key. Clinical guidelines to alleviate the negative effects of COVID-19 lockdown and public health strategies to support this population need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi Panchal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, PO63, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, PO63, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Macarena Franco
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Dr Rodríguez Lafora, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Moreno
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Struckmeyer N, Biester T, Kordonouri O, Weiner C, Sadeghian E, Guntermann C, Kapitzke K, Weiskorn J, Galuschka L, von Stuelpnagel K, Meister D, Lange K, Danne T, Reschke F. Alterations in Dietary Behavior, Appetite Regulation, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth with Obesity in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2023; 15:2936. [PMID: 37447261 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the nutritional patterns, eating behavior, dietary content, and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of adolescents with preexisting obesity. METHODS Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured, and validated questionnaires on eating habits, nutritional content, and HrQoL were administered to 264 adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020-June 2022) and 265 adolescents with obesity before the pandemic (from June 2017 to June 2019). RESULTS Both study cohorts were comparable in age and sex distribution. Significant differences were found between the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 cohorts in HOMA-index (3.8 (interquartile range [IQR])): 3.3; 4.1) vs. 3.2 (IQR: 2.8; 3.5, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (208.8 mg/dL (IQR: 189.9; 214.5) vs. 198.5 mg/dL (IQR: 189.5; 207.4), p < 0.001), and GPT (93.4 (IQR 88.7; 96.5) vs. 72.8 U/L (IQR 68.9; 75.7), p < 0.001). The COVID-19 cohort reported significantly higher consumption of obesity-promoting food components, such as soft drinks, meat, sausages, fast food and delivery food, chocolate, and sweets. There was also a significant decrease in cognitive hunger control (p = 0.002) and an increase in distractibility potential (p = 0.001) while eating. HrQoL was significantly lower in the COVID-19 cohort (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the adverse associations of exposure to the public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic with nutrition, dietary content, and HrQoL in adolescents with preexisting obesity. These findings underscore the importance of tailored preventive and treatment strategies for addressing the specific challenges of disruptive events such as pandemics, especially in population-based context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Struckmeyer
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Torben Biester
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Kordonouri
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Chantal Weiner
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Evelin Sadeghian
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Cathrin Guntermann
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kapitzke
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jantje Weiskorn
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Galuschka
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kisa von Stuelpnagel
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
- Department for Sports Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Meister
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karin Lange
- Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Danne
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Reschke
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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15
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Murça A, Cunha O, Almeida TC. Prevalence and Impact of Revenge Pornography on a Sample of Portuguese Women. SEXUALITY & CULTURE 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37360017 PMCID: PMC10239214 DOI: 10.1007/s12119-023-10100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Victims of revenge pornography (RP) suffer long-term psychological, personal, and social consequences, given that the spread of explicit content may continue to disturb them throughout their lives. However, there is a scarcity of studies on this phenomenon in Portugal. The present study aims to identify the prevalence of RP and analyze its impact on self-esteem, humiliation, depression, and anxiety, and compare victims and non-victims of RP on these same variables. The sample comprises 274 Portuguese women aged between 18 and 82. The data was collected through an online protocol consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Humiliation Inventory, and the Brief Symptoms Inventory. From the total sample, 45 (16.4%) participants reported at least one experience of RP. RP victims reported higher levels of humiliation, anxiety, and depression and lower levels of self-esteem than non-victims. However, only humiliation distinguished RP victims and non-victims. RP is a growing phenomenon enhanced by the intensified use of technology. Along with this phenomenon comes the impact on victims, which has long-term consequences. This study contributes to the scientific community since the scientific study of RP and its impact on victims is still incipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Murça
- Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada Portugal
| | - Olga Cunha
- Universidade Lusófona - Centro Universitário do Porto, Hei-Lab: Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal
| | - Telma Catarina Almeida
- Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada Portugal
- LabPSI – Laboratório de Psicologia Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Caparica, Almada Portugal
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16
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Tayal D, Mehta AK. The Struggle to Balance Work and Family Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights Based on the Situations of Working Women in Delhi. JOURNAL OF FAMILY ISSUES 2023; 44:1423-1465. [PMID: 37252378 PMCID: PMC10214028 DOI: 10.1177/0192513x211058817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic generated economic contraction across the world. In India, the stringent lockdown led to extreme distress. The unprecedented situation adversely affected the women's efforts to balance professional life with family life because of a disproportionate increase in their domestic work burden and a shift in their workstation to home. Since every job cannot be performed remotely, women employed in healthcare services, banks and media witnessed additional risks of commuting and physical interaction at the workplace. Based on personal interviews of women in the Delhi-NCR region, the study aims to explore the commonalities and variances in the challenges experienced by the women engaged in diverse occupations. Using the qualitative methodology of flexible coding, the study finds that a relatively larger section of women travelling to their office during the pandemic, rather than those working from home, had an effective familial support system that helped them navigate this tough time.
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Schillok H, Coenen M, Rehfuess EA, Kuhlmann PH, Matl S, Kindermann H, Maison N, Eckert J, von Both U, Behrends U, Frühwald MC, Neubert A, Woelfle J, Melter M, Liese J, Hübner J, Klein C, Kern A, Jung-Sievers C. Changes in behavior and quality of life in German young children during the COVID-19 pandemic-results from the COVID kids bavaria study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1135415. [PMID: 37228432 PMCID: PMC10204608 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1135415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic with its containment measures such as closures of schools and daycare facilities led to numerous restrictions in daily life, putting developmental opportunities and health-related quality of life in children at risk. However, studies show that not every family was impacted equally by the pandemic and that this exceptional health and societal situation reinforced pre-existing health inequalities among the vulnerable. Our study aimed at analyzing changes in behavior and health-related quality of life of children attending elementary schools and daycare facilities in Bavaria, Germany in spring 2021. We also sought to identify associated factors contributing to inequalities in quality of life. Methods Data from a multi-center, open cohort study ("COVID Kids Bavaria") conducted in 101 childcare facilities and 69 elementary schools across all electoral districts of Bavaria were analyzed. Children attending these educational settings (aged 3-10 years) were eligible for participation in a survey on changes in behavior and health-related quality of life. The KINDLR questionnaire (based on children's self-report and parental report) was administered about one year after the onset of the pandemic (spring 2021). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses and comparisons to pre-pandemic KiGGS (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents) data were undertaken. Results Among respondents, a high percentage of parents reported changes in their children's eating and sleeping behavior, sports and outdoor activities as well as altered screen time. Health-related quality of life in KINDLR analyses compared to pre-pandemic population averages were lower in all age groups (for 3-6-year-old KINDLR-total score: COVID Kids Bavaria MD 74.78 ± 10.57 vs KiGGS data 80.0 ± 8.1; 7-10 years-old KINDLR-total score: COVID Kids Bavaria MD 73.88 ± 12.03 vs KiGGS data 79.30 ± 9.0). No significant differences were detected with regard to associated factors, namely type of institution, sex of the child, migration background, household size and parental education. Conclusion These findings suggest a relevant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's behavior and health-related quality of life one year after the onset of the pandemic. Further analyses in large-scale longitudinal studies are needed to determine the effects of specific pandemic or crisis associated factors contributing to health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schillok
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Coenen
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva A. Rehfuess
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Pia H. Kuhlmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Matl
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Kindermann
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Maison
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Asthma- and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Eckert
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich von Both
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uta Behrends
- Department of Pediatrics, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, StKM GmbH und Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael C. Frühwald
- Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Antje Neubert
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joachim Woelfle
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Melter
- University Children’s Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Liese
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hübner
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Kern
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline Jung-Sievers
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
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Araújo SB, Rosário R, Silva A, Barros S. Reopening ECEC Services for Children Under Three Amidst the Pandemic: Investigating the Association of Health Measures with Pedagogical Practices and Children's Well-being. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION JOURNAL 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37360601 PMCID: PMC10074345 DOI: 10.1007/s10643-023-01465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In Portugal, early childhood education and care services for children under-three were the first educational services to reopen after periods of lockdown. COVID-19 prevention and control measures had to be implemented nationwide, but no knowledge was yet produced on their impact in educational settings. This study aimed to map the implementation of COVID-19 prevention and control measures and examine associations among prevention and control measures, perceived changes to pedagogical practices and children's well-being in early childhood education and care services for children under three. In this study, 1098 early childhood education and care professionals from all districts completed an online survey during January and February 2021. Results indicated that prevention and control measures were widely implemented. Furthermore, early childhood education and care professionals who started to implement prevention and control measures more frequently were more likely to perceive a reinforcement of their pedagogical practices at the level of adult-child interaction, emotional climate, and interaction with families, and reported higher levels of children's well-being. Findings highlighted the potential role of pedagogical practices in mitigating the effects of COVID-19 in early childhood education and care services for children under-three.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barros Araújo
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Education - inED, ESE, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 602, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rafaela Rosário
- School of Nursing, University of Minho, UICISA:E Nursing School of Coimbra, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Silva
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Education - inED, ESE, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Barros
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Education - inED, ESE, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Baker AJL, Konigsberg M, Brown E, Adkins KL. Successes, challenges, and opportunities in providing evidence-based teletherapy to children who have experienced trauma as a response to Covid-19: A national survey of clinicians. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2023; 146:106819. [PMID: 36714194 PMCID: PMC9872563 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
While teletherapy is not a new phenomenon, most clinicians have not been trained and do not routinely practice it. The current study was designed to ascertain challenges and opportunities presented by the widescale usage of teletherapy especially for traumatized children, which was necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred and fifty clinicians across the United States providing teletherapy to traumatized children completed an online survey. Results revealed that many logistical aspects of treatment were perceived to be easier when implemented remotely. Some clinical aspects of care were also perceived to be easier, notably engagement with caregivers. Developing rapport, assessing emotions, and keeping children's attention, however, were perceived as more challenging. Child characteristics such as age, attention span, and screen fatigue were viewed as creating challenges. Most clinicians had not received training in relevant topics for teletherapy and were eager to receive such training. These results suggest many avenues for refining and fine-tuning remote mental health services especially for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J L Baker
- Vincent J. Fontana Center for Child Protection of the New York Foundling, 590 Avenue of the Americas, NY, NY 10011, United States
| | - Melinda Konigsberg
- Little Flower Children and Families Services of New York, 630 Flushing Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Elissa Brown
- St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Jamaica, NY 11349, United States
| | - Kevin Lee Adkins
- Vincent J. Fontana Center for Child Protection of the New York Foundling, 590 Avenue of the Americas, NY, NY 10011, United States
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Morgül E. Caregiver Worry of Infection and Family Co-existence Difficulty and Association With Change in Children's Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms During the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown in the UK and Turkey. Psychol Rep 2023:332941221149183. [PMID: 36705275 PMCID: PMC9895281 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221149183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The study examined whether caregiver worry of COVID-19 infection and co-existence difficulty differentially predicted child mental health and wellbeing during the lockdown in two culturally different countries that were severely affected by the pandemic: the UK and Turkey. Co-existence difficulty is the hardship experienced by family members living all together in the same house at the same time during the lockdown period. Participants were 1849 caregivers of children between 5- and 12-years old living in the UK (n = 995) and Turkey (n = 854), who completed an electronic survey distributed via social networks during the initial phase of the COVID-19 lockdown (July and August 2020). Caregivers completed a set of questionnaires on child and family wellbeing and on whether the child's internalizing and externalizing symptoms changed during the lockdown as compared to before. Worry of COVID-19 infection was higher amongst caregivers in the Turkish sample and was associated with higher levels of child internalizing symptoms during the lockdown in the Turkish sample, however there were no statistically significant differences in the size of the impact of worry of infection on the children's internalizing symptoms between the two countries. Co-existence difficulty independently predicted increase in children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms during the lockdown in both samples. Families in the UK experienced a higher level of difficulty with co-existence compared to the families living in Turkey but the magnitude of the impact of co-existence difficulty on children's outcomes between the two samples was not significantly different.The findings suggest that public health strategies should aim to reduce social anxiety and invest in the development of programs aimed at supporting families to overcome the challenges of co-existence during times of public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Morgül
- Department of Psychology, University of
Roehampton, London, UK
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21
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Maleki A, Faghihzadeh E, Youseflu S, barjasteh SZ. Socio-economic inequalities in health-related quality of life among Iranian young people in the middle stage of adolescence: application of Health Equity Assessment Toolkit. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:16. [PMID: 36627600 PMCID: PMC9831881 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main concerns of public health is the increasing inequality of health status, which has an adverse effect on people's life. PURPOSE The current study aims to analyze the role of socioeconomic inequalities in health-related quality of life (QoL) among Iranian young people in the middle stage of adolescence. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 576 young people in the middle stage of adolescence. The samples were selected using the Multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected by a demographic checklist, and KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS ver.16. The Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) Version 4.0 (beta) was used to assess adolescents' QoL inequalities in terms of socio-economic subgroups. RESULTS The results show that 27.2 adolescents had low quality of life. The score of physical and autonomy components of QoL was significantly more in male versus school environment in female adolescents. Also, the asset index, father's, and mother's education, and family income in female adolescents, and the assets and family income in male adolescents were significantly related to the quality of life (p < 0.05). The risk of lower QOL in the poorest quintile was 1.12 times more than in the richest quintile. The consideration index of Asset in terms of sex was 4.5 and the modified Gini index was more than 0.5 in females and males. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the significant effects of socioeconomic inequality on the HRQL of Iranian adolescents. Requires a targeted policy approach to reach the poorest quintile for improving the quality of life of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Maleki
- grid.469309.10000 0004 0612 8427Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Elham Faghihzadeh
- grid.469309.10000 0004 0612 8427Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Youseflu
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of midwifery and reproductive health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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22
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Altın B, Erden G. A Review of Studies on the Covid-19 Pandemic and the Psychological Effects of Related Measures on Children, Youth and Parents. TURK PSIKIYATRI DERGISI = TURKISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023; 34:202-214. [PMID: 37724646 PMCID: PMC10645015 DOI: 10.5080/u25936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Pandemics are social events that affect individuals' lives in many ways and have a significant impact on the mental health of masses. Pandemics and measures taken to combat these epidemics affect children and young people as well as adults. The purpose of the current review is to compile studies that have been conducted on the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related measures on children, youth, and parents, and use the findings to shed light on future studies. In this review, 35 studies that were determined as a result of a comprehensive search in relevant literature were examined. It was observed that the aforementioned studies noted that the COVID-19 global pandemic and the measures taken to combat the epidemic (e.g., quarantine, lockdown, and school closures) had negative psychological effects on children, young people, and parents. Problems observed in children and young people, such as the fear of catching or transmitting the virus, getting bored, not being able to communicate enough with friends and teachers, and problems observed in parents, such as the troubles of negative repercussions of working at home or unemployment and difficulties in communicating with children with the closure of schools, are only a few to name these negative effects. The reviewed studies were discussed taking their limitations into account. Recommendations were made for future studies and intervention programs to be planned for community mental health. Keywords: COVID-19, children and youth, parents, pandemic, quarantine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gülsen Erden
- Prof., Ankara University, Clinical Psychology, Ankara, Turkey
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23
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Lifestyle and Wellbeing of Children, Adolescents and Their Parents: A Qualitative Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121929. [PMID: 36553372 PMCID: PMC9776844 DOI: 10.3390/children9121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have shown that changes in daily structure and habits due to the COVID-19 pandemic affected the lifestyle and wellbeing of families. This study aimed to obtain in-depth information on children's and adolescents' experiences regarding their lifestyle and wellbeing during the pandemic. Semi-structured interviews with fifteen families were carried out between May and November 2021. Directed content analysis was used to analyze the transcripts and fundamental qualitative description to describe the results. Children and adolescents revealed an overall unhealthier lifestyle and decreased wellbeing. These negative effects were even larger in adolescents and children with overweight or psychosocial complaints. Our results revealed that parents were actively involved in maintaining a normal daily structure. Furthermore, diet changes were inconsistent and dependent on food availability. An increase in screen time was experienced as inevitable, and external influences were necessary to keep children and adolescents active. Almost no effects were reported on physical health, whereas negative emotions were experienced in varying degrees. Moreover, the decrease in social interactions was reported as the most negative effect of the pandemic. The above-mentioned insights may contribute to the development of preventive measures to promote a healthy lifestyle and wellbeing of children and adolescents during future pandemics.
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24
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Malik S, Mihm B, von Suchodoletz A. COVID-19 lockdowns and children's health and well-being. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 93:102549. [PMID: 36093121 PMCID: PMC9448635 DOI: 10.1016/j.joep.2022.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies the health and well-being of children during the COVID-19 lockdowns in a developing country context. Using surveys for low-income households in rural areas of Pakistan, we find that lockdowns are associated with worsened health and well-being of children. Exploring potential economic and noneconomic mechanisms behind this negative association, we find that children participating in the labor market due to extreme poverty suffer the worst impact from lockdowns. These results call for policies that target resources towards households where children's participation in the labor market is more likely since leaving vulnerable children behind will have a lasting economic impact for developing economies.
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25
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Cyrenne-Dussault M, Sirois M, St-Pierre J, Drouin-Chartier JP. Food insecurity in households of children receiving care at a paediatric obesity management clinic in Montreal: Overall prevalence and changes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Paediatr Child Health 2022; 27:396-402. [PMID: 36518818 PMCID: PMC9384639 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Food insecurity and paediatric obesity are two major public health issues in Canada that may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed food insecurity and its correlates among households of children receiving care at a paediatric obesity management clinic in Montreal. We also assessed whether the prevalence of food insecurity among households of children who received care during the COVID-19 pandemic differed from those who received care before it. Methods This is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of medical records of children (2 to 17 years) who received care at a paediatric obesity management clinic in Montreal (Maison de santé prévention - Approche 180 [MSP-180]). Children's household food security status was assessed using Health Canada's Household Food Security Survey Module. Results Among the 253 children included in the study, 102 (40.3%) lived in households with moderate (n=89; 35.2%) or severe food insecurity (n=13; 5.1%). Food insecurity was more prevalent in households of children who were first- or second-generation immigrants compared with those who were third generation or more (48.3% versus 30.1%; P=0.03). Prevalence of food insecurity among households of children who received care during the COVID-19 pandemic was 5.5% higher than among those who received care before the pandemic, but the difference was not statistically significant (39.6% versus 45.1%; P=0.65). Conclusions Forty per cent of children treated at this paediatric obesity clinic lived in a food insecure household. This prevalence may have increased during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, but statistical power was insufficient to confirm it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cyrenne-Dussault
- NUTRISS (Nutrition, Health and Society) Research Center, Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maude Sirois
- Maison de Santé Prévention - Approche 180 de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie St-Pierre
- Maison de Santé Prévention - Approche 180 de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier
- NUTRISS (Nutrition, Health and Society) Research Center, Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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26
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Verheyden C, Van Dooren E, Van Holen F, Stroobants T, Vanderfaeillie J. Child abuse and neglect in Brussels during the COVID-19-lockdown. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 134:105903. [PMID: 36179383 PMCID: PMC9492504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is likely that the circumstances during the COVID-19-lockdown in Belgium increased the incidence and prevalence of child abuse and neglect (CAN) due to exacerbated risk factors and new COVID-19-related stressors. However, traditional reporters had less contact with children which could lead to undetected cases of CAN. OBJECTIVE Gain insight into the number and profile of CAN reports filed to the Brussels Confidential Center of Child Abuse and Neglect (CCCAN) during the COVID-19-lockdown. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A dataset comprising 536 CAN reports from periods before (N = 442) and during the lockdown (N = 94). METHODS Characteristics about the report, reporter, victim and his/her family, perpetrator(s) and the trajectory with the CCCAN were registered. The number and characteristics of reports during the lockdown were compared to those of reports before the lockdown. RESULTS The number of advisory questions (p = .506, d = .377) and allegations (p = .095, d = 1.206) remained unchanged. During the lockdown, the risk assessment of advisory questions was higher (p = .011, d = .280), they evolved more into social exigency investigations (p < .001, φ = .246) and were referred more often to judicial authorities (p = .010, φ = .163). Allegations were filed more often by the helpline, police and judicial authorities (p < .001, φ = .590) during the lockdown and involved more Dutch-speaking (p = .016, φ = .166) victims. CONCLUSIONS The number of CAN reports remained the same during the lockdown but their profile changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Verheyden
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Psychology, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Erik Van Dooren
- Vertrouwenscentrum Kindermishandeling Brussel, Sainctelettesquare 17, 1000 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Holen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Psychology, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Pleegzorg Vlaams-Brabant en Brussel, Sainctelettesquare 17, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim Stroobants
- Vlaams Expertisecentrum Kindermishandeling, Sainctelettesquare 17, 1000 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Johan Vanderfaeillie
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Psychology, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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27
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Chen M, Chua T, Shen Z, Tay LY, Wang X, Chia M. The Associations between 24-Hour Movement Behaviours and Quality of Life in Preschoolers: A Compositional Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from 2018-2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14969. [PMID: 36429687 PMCID: PMC9690870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Studies show that the quality of life (QoL) of preschoolers is closely related to physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep (SL). Yet many researchers looked at these 24-h movement behaviours as behaviours that are independent of one another when examining the association of QoL with these behaviours. The main purpose of the present study was to describe the temporal trends in PA, SB, and SL in preschoolers and the concomitant association with QoL of children. Annual cross-sectional data on QoL and 24-h movement behaviours of 8045 Singaporean preschoolers were collected from 2018 to 2021. Compositional analysis, linear regression, and isotemporal replacement approaches were used to examine changes in PA, SB, and SL from 2018-2021 and how these changes were associated with QoL. Temporal trends in movement behaviours showed that PA and SL decreased after 2020. During 2018-2021, the association of PA and QoL in preschoolers was characterised by a 'U' curve (βPA-2018 = 3.06, p < 0.001; βPA-2019 = 1.43, p < 0.05; βPA-2020 = -0.43, p > 0.05; βPA-2021 = 2.82, p < 0.001), while SL and QoL were characterised by an inverted 'U' curve (βSL-2018 = -2.39, p < 0.001; βSL-2019 = -0.27, p > 0.05; βSL-2020 = 2.00, p < 0.01; βSL-2021 = -0.21, p > 0.05). SB was significantly and negatively associated with QoL after 2020, with 2020 identified as the inflection point for the change in SB (βSB-2018 = 0.67, p > 0.05; βSB-2019 = -1.16, p > 0.05; βSB-2020 = -1.56, p < 0.01; βSB-2021 = -2.61, p < 0.01). Using a time re-allocation technique to treat the 2021 data, reallocating time from SB to PA or to SL predicted improvements in QoL of preschoolers (Pall < 0.05). The study provided useful information on the temporal trends in PA, SB, SL, and QoL of preschoolers over four years. Additionally, these data provided insights into how changes in QoL are predicted by changes in duration in the 24-h movement behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Chen
- Physical Education & Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Terence Chua
- Physical Education & Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Zhi Shen
- Department of Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lee Yong Tay
- Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Xiaozan Wang
- College of Physical Education & Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Michael Chia
- Physical Education & Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
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28
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Chen B, Zhao C, Li X, Liu J. COVID-19 pandemic and adolescent mental health in China: Micro evidence and socioeconomic mechanisms. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1041376. [PMID: 36452374 PMCID: PMC9703070 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1041376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health has received sufficient attention in the medical and public health fields, analysis from the social science perspective is still lacking. By regarding the shock of COVID-19 pandemic as a quasi-natural experiment, this study adopts the Difference-in-Differences (DID) model and large microdata from Shandong Province, China, to identify the causal effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of senior high school students. We find that the COVID-19 pandemic results in an increase of 2.5677 points in adolescent psychological problem scores, equivalent to an average decrease of 29.93% in mental health. Furthermore, results of mechanism tests show that this negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health can be explained by a reduction in social trust, as well as widening inequalities caused by the digital divide and family income gap. Moreover, the estimates suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has a greater negative influence on the mental health of boys and urban adolescents. Our study complements the research field on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health and the potential socioeconomic mechanisms from a new perspective. These findings provide insights into how to safeguard adolescent mental health in China and other countries in the pandemic prevention and post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boou Chen
- School of Economics, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunkai Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- College of Economics and Management, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Institute of Finance and Economics Research, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Urban-Rural Development, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
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29
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Ahn SN. The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14740. [PMID: 36429459 PMCID: PMC9690294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This was a systematic review of studies examining the effect of COVID-19 on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents. The review was conducted by examining the current literature and analyzing up-to-date evidence. The studies were extracted from three major databases (CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) and analyzed. Studies on children and adolescents whose HRQoL has been affected by COVID-19 were included based on the eligibility criteria. Ultimately, eight studies met these criteria. The evidence of the selected studies was analyzed; the research design, age categories, respondents, evaluation tools, gender differences, and variability before and during COVID-19 were systematically reviewed. This review found differences in these groups regarding oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being, and social well-being. Furthermore, this review highlighted the relative paucity of studies that comprehensively investigate the latest evidence of changes in the HRQoL of children and adolescents due to COVID-19 in preparation for the post-COVID era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Nae Ahn
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
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30
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Knapp EA, Dong Y, Dunlop AL, Aschner JL, Stanford JB, Hartert T, Teitelbaum SL, Hudak ML, Carroll K, O’Connor TG, McEvoy CT, O’Shea TM, Carnell S, Karagas MR, Herbstman JB, Dabelea D, Ganiban JM, Ferrara A, Hedderson M, Bekelman TA, Rundle AG, Alshawabkeh A, Gilbert-Diamond D, Fry RC, Chen Z, Gilliland FD, Wright RJ, Camargo CA, Jacobson L, Lester BM, Hockett CW, Hodges ML, Chandran A. Changes in BMI During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pediatrics 2022; 150:e2022056552. [PMID: 35768891 PMCID: PMC9444980 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-056552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Experts hypothesized increased weight gain in children associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our objective was to evaluate whether the rate of change of child body mass index (BMI) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with prepandemic years. METHODS The study population of 1996 children ages 2 to 19 years with at least 1 BMI measure before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was drawn from 38 pediatric cohorts across the United States participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes-wide cohort study. We modeled change in BMI using linear mixed models, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, maternal education, income, baseline BMI category, and type of BMI measure. Data collection and analysis were approved by the local institutional review board of each institution or by the central Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes institutional review board. RESULTS BMI increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous years (0.24 higher annual gain in BMI during the pandemic compared with previous years, 95% confidence interval 0.02 to 0.45). Children with BMI in the obese range compared with the healthy weight range were at higher risk for excess BMI gain during the pandemic, whereas children in higher-income households were at decreased risk of BMI gain. CONCLUSIONS One effect of the COVID-19 pandemic is an increase in annual BMI gain during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the 3 previous years among children in our national cohort. This increased risk among US children may worsen a critical threat to public health and health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanan Dong
- Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Judy L. Aschner
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine and Albert Einstein
College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Tina Hartert
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville,
TN
| | | | - Mark L. Hudak
- University of Florida College of Medicine –
Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Kecia Carroll
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Susan Carnell
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore,
MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew G. Rundle
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New
York, New York
| | - Akram Alshawabkeh
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern
University, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Zhanghua Chen
- University of Southern California, Keck School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Frank D. Gilliland
- University of Southern California, Keck School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Lisa Jacobson
- Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Christine W. Hockett
- Avera Research Institute; University of South Dakota
School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD
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31
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Richter SA, Ferraz‐Rodrigues C, Schilling LB, Camargo NF, Nunes ML. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 2022; 32:e13720. [PMID: 36000251 PMCID: PMC9539085 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We synthesise the literature on the potential influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in children and adolescents. The search identified studies that examined the relationship between sleep quality and disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. It began in May 2021 and has had two updates with the last in January 2022. The databases used were LILACS, PubMed, and EMBASE. Random effects models were performed to explore heterogeneity between studies. Data were presented as continuous variables (mean value and standard deviation) to perform a meta-analysis. Twenty-nine studies from 16 countries were identified: Nine had children and eight had adolescents. The overall quality of the studies ranged from high (27.6%) to medium (65.5%) and low (6.9%). Eight studies were eligible for meta-analysis. There was an increase in sleep duration during the pandemic when compared with the previous period 0.33 (95%CI -0.07; 0.60) (p < 0.001) and late bedtime 0.78 (95%CI -0.33; 1.22) (p < 0.001). A trend toward reduced sleep efficiency was also detected 0.54 (95%CI -0.75; -0.33) p = 0.20. Parents' reports of increased use of screen media/electronic devices were associated with worse sleep quality. The results suggest an influence of the pandemic on sleep characteristics such as increased sleep duration, late bedtimes, and poor sleep quality. These alterations were related to changes in family routines during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nathália Fritsch Camargo
- School of Medicine–Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) and Brain Institute–Task Force COVID‐19Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Magda Lahorgue Nunes
- School of Medicine–Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) and Brain Institute–Task Force COVID‐19Porto AlegreBrazil
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32
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Muralitharan N, Peralta GP, Haile SR, Radtke T, Ulyte A, Puhan MA, Kriemler S. Parents' Working Conditions in the Early COVID-19 Pandemic and Children's Health-Related Quality of Life: The Ciao Corona Study. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1605036. [PMID: 36090838 PMCID: PMC9448850 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1605036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the associations between parents' working conditions during the lockdown period (March-May 2020) and children's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Zurich, Switzerland. Methods: We included 2211 children (6-16 years) and their parents from the prospective study Ciao Corona. Parents reported their employment status and working conditions during the lockdown. Children's HRQOL was assessed in June-July 2020, January and March 2021 using the parents-report of the KINDL®. We used mixed models to assess the associations between parents' working conditions and children's HRQOL at the three time points. Results: Children from families in which at least one parent changed their working conditions during the lockdown showed lower HRQOL in June-July 2020, than children from families in which neither parent experienced changes. Children from families in which at least one parent had to work remotely continued to show lower HRQOL in January and March 2021. Conclusion: Changes in parents' working conditions during lockdown were negatively associated with children's HRQOL. Public health policies aiming to support families susceptible to adverse changes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevesthika Muralitharan
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Health Ethics and Policy Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela P. Peralta
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah R. Haile
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Agne Ulyte
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Milo A. Puhan
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Cornaggia A, Bianco F, Gilli G, Marchetti A, Massaro D, Castelli I. Children's representations of the COVID-19 lockdown and pandemic through drawings. Front Psychol 2022; 13:960893. [PMID: 36092051 PMCID: PMC9449491 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.960893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures to face it have placed children and their caregivers in front of many challenges that could represent sources of stress. This work aims to explore the point of view of children through drawing, as a spontaneous means of expression, relating it to parents' perceptions of children's difficulties, strengths, and mentalization skills. The sample consists of 18 children (mean age = 8.22, SD = 1.79). Parents were asked to complete: a socio-demographic questionnaire with information on the impact of COVID-19 on the family, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Everyday Mindreading Scale. Children were asked to draw three moments: "Before" the pandemic, "During" the lockdown, and "After," when the COVID-19 will be passed. The drawings were coded by constructing a content and expressive analysis grid, adapting coding systems found in the literature. Data were collected at the beginning of the summer of 2020, just after the first lockdown period (from March to May 2020 in Italy). The results of the present work are in line with previous studies that reported experiences of wellbeing and tranquility of children in time spent at home with family during the pandemic. From the drawings emerges that children feel sufficiently able to master the situation, as reflected by including themselves in drawings and providing many details of the house in "During" drawings. The literature also reports a feeling of sadness/loneliness caused by the lack of friends, an element that we also find in the tendency to represent friends significantly more in the drawings concerning the future. Some contents of drawings (inclusion of friends, relatives, and parents) appeared associated with emotional, interpersonal, and mentalizing abilities of children, as perceived by parents. Exploring children's representations of a stressful event like the pandemic through drawings allows to focus both on their difficulties and on their resources, with useful implications for the educational support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cornaggia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bianco
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gilli
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Davide Massaro
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Castelli
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
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De Fazio R, Mattei V, Al-Naami B, De Vittorio M, Visconti P. Methodologies and Wearable Devices to Monitor Biophysical Parameters Related to Sleep Dysfunctions: An Overview. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1335. [PMID: 36014257 PMCID: PMC9412310 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is crucial for human health from metabolic, mental, emotional, and social points of view; obtaining good sleep in terms of quality and duration is fundamental for maintaining a good life quality. Over the years, several systems have been proposed in the scientific literature and on the market to derive metrics used to quantify sleep quality as well as detect sleep disturbances and disorders. In this field, wearable systems have an important role in the discreet, accurate, and long-term detection of biophysical markers useful to determine sleep quality. This paper presents the current state-of-the-art wearable systems and software tools for sleep staging and detecting sleep disorders and dysfunctions. At first, the paper discusses sleep's functions and the importance of monitoring sleep to detect eventual sleep disturbance and disorders. Afterward, an overview of prototype and commercial headband-like wearable devices to monitor sleep is presented, both reported in the scientific literature and on the market, allowing unobtrusive and accurate detection of sleep quality markers. Furthermore, a survey of scientific works related the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep functions, attributable to both infection and lifestyle changes. In addition, a survey of algorithms for sleep staging and detecting sleep disorders is introduced based on an analysis of single or multiple biosignals (EEG-electroencephalography, ECG-electrocardiography, EMG-electromyography, EOG-electrooculography, etc.). Lastly, comparative analyses and insights are provided to determine the future trends related to sleep monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Fazio
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Veronica Mattei
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Bassam Al-Naami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Massimo De Vittorio
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Italian Technology Institute IIT, 73010 Arnesano, Italy
| | - Paolo Visconti
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Bilar JA, Bulhões CDSG, Sette GCS, Perrelli JGA, Soares AKF, Lima APE. Saúde mental de crianças na pandemia da COVID-19. REME: REVISTA MINEIRA DE ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.35699/2316-9389.2022.37693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas sobre as repercussões da pandemia da COVID-19 para a saúde mental de crianças e suas estratégias de enfrentamento. Método: estudo do tipo revisão integrativa de literatura nas bases de dados SciELO, Lilacs, Scopus e Medline. A busca resultou em um total de 6.094 artigos; após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 12 artigos compuseram a revisão. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que as principais repercussões para a saúde mental foram: ansiedade, estresse, sintomas depressivos, hiperatividade, irritabilidade, alterações no padrão do sono, estados de humor, distanciamento social, alterações de comportamento, diminuição ou ausência de conexão com os pares e aumento do tempo em tela. Foram apontadas como estratégias de enfrentamento: diálogos abertos e explicativos entre pais e filhos acerca da pandemia e do coronavírus, regulação do padrão de sono e do tempo em tela, prática de atividade física regular, melhora da qualidade do ensino remoto e universalidade do acesso às aulas e implementação de políticas públicas e ações em saúde. Conclusão: concluiu-se que as crianças já estão sofrendo com essas repercussões, as quais poderão afetar sua saúde mental e física, surgindo a necessidade de organizar estratégias de enfrentamento a nível populacional que minimizem os danos no período pós-pandemia.
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Güzelsoy N, Ravens-Sieberer U, Westenhöfer J, Devine J, Erhart M, Hölling H, Kaman A. Risks and Resources for Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Results of the Longitudinal COPSY Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:901783. [PMID: 35873222 PMCID: PMC9301280 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.901783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic is of particularly high relevance. Especially for children and adolescents, the pandemic and its restrictions represent a significant burden. The present study aims to identify risks and resources for depressive symptoms and anxiety in children and adolescents during the pandemic in Germany. Materials and Methods Self-reported data from the first wave of the longitudinal COVID-19 and Psychological Health (COPSY) study were used to investigate risks and resources among n = 811 children and adolescents aged 11-17 years. Depressive symptoms and anxiety were measured at the first follow-up 6 months later. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the effects of risks and resources on depressive symptoms and anxiety. Results Parental depressive symptoms predicted depressive symptoms and anxiety in children and adolescents 6 months later. Female gender was identified as a risk factor for anxiety during the pandemic. None of the potential resources were associated with depressive symptoms or anxiety at the follow-up. Conclusion The findings provide evidence of risk factors for depressive symptoms and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children and adolescents who face risk factors need to be identified early and monitored during the pandemic. Family-based intervention programs are needed to help vulnerable children and adolescents cope with the challenges of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Güzelsoy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Competence Center Health, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Westenhöfer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Competence Center Health, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janine Devine
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Erhart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Public Health, Alice Salomon University of Applied Science, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Apollon University of Applied Science, Bremen, Germany
| | - Heike Hölling
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Kaman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Li H, Cheong JPG. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Physical Fitness of Primary School Students in China Based on the Bronfenbrenner Ecological Theory. Front Psychol 2022; 13:896046. [PMID: 35846611 PMCID: PMC9278268 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.896046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, nation lockdown became an effective way to isolate the spread of the virus. Schools were postponed, students had to stay at home and opportunities for physical activity amongst school children were severely affected. This research sought to determine the impact of the pandemic on the physical fitness of primary school students. In total, 1,235 students from grades one to five in a primary school in Beijing took part in this research. Using the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standard as a guide, the students were subjected to BMI, vital capacity, 50 m sprint, sit and reach, timed rope-skipping, timed sit-ups, and 50m × 8 shuttle run measurements. These tests were administered once before and once after the lockdown period. The results showed that the overall physical fitness of the participants was better after the lockdown [p = 0.000, r = -0.14, 95% CI (-0.219, -0.061)]. Specifically, vital capacity, sit and reach, timed rope-skipping and timed sit-ups had improved after the lockdown. Meanwhile, 50m × 8 shuttle run dropped slightly but not significantly whereas 50 m sprint dropped sharply after the lockdown. The proportion of overweight and obese students increased, but the difference before and after the lockdown was small. It appeared that during the pandemic, through the intervention of many comprehensive factors, home-based fitness was normalized and promoted the healthy development of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Li
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jadeera Phaik Geok Cheong
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- UM STEM Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Pusat Kajian Kecemerlangan Melayu, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Proulx K, Lenzi-Weisbecker R, Hatch R, Hackett K, Omoeva C, Cavallera V, Daelmans B, Dua T. Nurturing care during COVID-19: a rapid review of early evidence. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e050417. [PMID: 35680273 PMCID: PMC9184993 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to family life, society and essential health and other services. A rapid review of evidence was conducted to examine emerging evidence on the effects of the pandemic on three components of nurturing care, including responsive caregiving, early learning, and safety and security. DESIGN Two academic databases, organisational websites and reference lists were searched for original studies published between 1 January and 25 October 2020. A single reviewer completed the study selection and data extraction with verification by a second reviewer. INTERVENTIONS We included studies with a complete methodology and reporting on quantitative or qualitative evidence related to nurturing care during the pandemic. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Studies reporting on outcomes related to responsive caregiving, early learning, and safety and security were included. RESULTS The search yielded 4410 citations in total, and 112 studies from over 30 countries met our eligibility criteria. The early evidence base is weighted towards studies in high-income countries, studies related to caregiver mental health and those using quantitative survey designs. Studies reveal issues of concern related to increases in parent and caregiver stress and mental health difficulties during the pandemic, which was linked to harsher and less warm or responsive parenting in some studies. A relatively large number of studies examined child safety and security and indicate a reduction in maltreatment referrals. Lastly, studies suggest that fathers' engagement in caregiving increased during the early phase of the pandemic, children's outdoor play and physical activity decreased (while screen time increased), and emergency room visits for child injuries decreased. CONCLUSION The results highlight key evidence gaps (ie, breastfeeding support and opportunities for early learning) and suggest the need for increased support and evidence-based interventions to ensure young children and other caregivers are supported and protected during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerrie Proulx
- Research and Evaluation, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Alliance for Human Development, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Rachel Hatch
- Research and Evaluation, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristy Hackett
- Research and Evaluation, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Epidemiology Division, University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carina Omoeva
- Research and Evaluation, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vanessa Cavallera
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Use, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bernadette Daelmans
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tarun Dua
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Use, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
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Seivwright AN, Callis Z, Flatau PR. Perspectives of socioeconomically disadvantaged parents on their children's coping during COVID-19: Implications for practice. CHILDREN & SOCIETY 2022; 37:CHSO12597. [PMID: 35942027 PMCID: PMC9347906 DOI: 10.1111/chso.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disruptions caused by COVID-19 have the potential to create long-term negative impacts on children's well-being and development, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged children. However, we know little about how socioeconomically disadvantaged families are coping with the pandemic, nor the types of support needed. This study presents qualitative analysis of responses to an open-ended question asking parents how children are coping with the restrictions associated with COVID-19, to identify areas in which these cohorts can be supported. Four main themes were identified: health concerns, schooling difficulties, social isolation and adjustment to restrictions. Health concerns included exacerbation of pre-existing health conditions, fear about the virus, difficulty getting children to understand the pandemic and increased sedentary behaviour. Schooling difficulties referred to the challenges of home schooling, which were behavioural (e.g. difficulty concentrating) and logistical (e.g. technology). Social isolation, expressed as missing friends, family and/or institutions was common. Finally, parents expressed that children experienced both positive adjustments to restrictions, such as spending more time with family, and negative adjustments such as increased screen time. Many responses from parents touched on topics across multiple themes, indicating a need for comprehensive, holistic assessment of children's and families' needs in the provision of support services. The content of the themes supports calls for resources to support children and families including increased financial and practical accessibility of social services, physical health and exercise support, mental health support and COVID-19 communication guides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami N. Seivwright
- Institute for Social ChangeUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Zoe Callis
- Centre for Social Impact, UWA Business SchoolThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Paul R. Flatau
- Centre for Social Impact, UWA Business SchoolThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Bayrak M, Çadirci K. The associations of life quality, depression, and cognitive impairment with mortality in older adults with COVID-19: a prospective, observational study. Acta Clin Belg 2022; 77:588-595. [PMID: 33870876 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2021.1916687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Associations of depression, dementia, and poor life quality with mortality of COVID-19have not been studied yet. We aimed to identify the risk factors for mortality and analyze the associations with patients' physiological and mental well-being, as reflected by comorbidities, life quality, depression, and cognitive impairment. METHODS : Older patients receiving inpatient hospital care for COVID-19 were included.Demographic data, medical history, symptoms at admission, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes were recorded. RESULTS : There were 122 patients with a median age of 73.0 years. The mortality rate was 9.0% (n = 11 patients). Patients with mortality were significantly active smokers, obese, and having comorbidities using polypharmacy. Weight loss ≥of 10% during hospitalization was significantly associated with mortality.Poor life quality and a higher risk of depression, cognitive impairment, and falling were more frequently seen in non-survived patients. (p < 0.05). High ferritin was the only independent risk factor for mortality (OR = 15.61, 95% CI:1.08-226.09, p = 0.044). CONCLUSION : The presence of comorbidities, depression, cognitive impairment, higher falling risk, and poor life quality were significantly associated with higher mortality rates in older adults with COVID-19. High ferritin level was an independent risk factor for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muharrem Bayrak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kenan Çadirci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Samji H, Wu J, Ladak A, Vossen C, Stewart E, Dove N, Long D, Snell G. Review: Mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and youth - a systematic review. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2022; 27:173-189. [PMID: 34455683 PMCID: PMC8653204 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 188.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented threat to global mental health. Children and adolescents may be more susceptible to mental health impacts related to their vulnerable developmental stage, fear of infection, home confinement, suspension of regular school and extracurricular activities, physical distancing mandates, and larger scale threats such as global financial recessions and associated impacts. Our objective was to review existing evidence of the COVID-19 pandemic's global impact on the mental health of children and adolescents <19 years of age and to identify personal and contextual factors that may enhance risk or confer protection in relation to mental health outcomes. METHODS We conducted a search of peer-reviewed and preprint research published in English from January 1, 2020, to February 22, 2021. We included studies collecting primary data on COVID-19-related mental health impacts on children and adolescents. We graded the strength of included articles using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine rating scheme. RESULTS Our search and review yielded 116 articles presenting data on a total of 127,923 children and adolescents; 50,984 child and adolescent proxy reports (e.g., parents, healthcare practitioners); and >3,000 chart reviews. A high prevalence of COVID-19-related fear was noted among children and adolescents, as well as more depressive and anxious symptoms compared with prepandemic estimates. Older adolescents, girls, and children and adolescents living with neurodiversities and/or chronic physical conditions were more likely to experience negative mental health outcomes. Many studies reported mental health deterioration among children and adolescents due to COVID-19 pandemic control measures. Physical exercise, access to entertainment, positive familial relationships, and social support were associated with better mental health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the urgent need for practitioners and policymakers to attend to and collaborate with children and adolescents, especially those in higher risk subgroups, to mitigate short- and long-term pandemic-associated mental health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasina Samji
- Faculty of Health SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
- British Columbia Centre for Disease ControlVancouverBCCanada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
| | - Judy Wu
- School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Amilya Ladak
- Faculty of Health SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
| | - Caralyn Vossen
- School of Population and Global HealthMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Evelyn Stewart
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
- Division of Clinical and Behavioural NeurosciencesDepartment of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- British Columbia Mental Health and Substance Use Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
| | - Naomi Dove
- School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - David Long
- Division of Clinical and Behavioural NeurosciencesDepartment of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Gaelen Snell
- Faculty of Health SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
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Rochmah N, Mustikasari RI, Faizi M, Irwanto I. Determinant Factors of the Quality of Life in Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a common chronic illness with increasing prevalence. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and large society restriction policies in Indonesia cause problems and might affect the quality of life (QoL) of children with OI.
Objective: To evaluate determinant factors that affect OI children's QoL pre and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted in the Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 to assess the patient’s QoL. This study used a diagnostic group with questionnaires. The instrument included the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Score, a standardized interview questionnaire comprising questions on the participant characteristics and determinant factors pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of determinant factors pre and during the pandemic used McNemar. Correlation between determinant factors and QoL used linear regression for physical and emotional dimensions and logistic regression for social, school, and total score.
Result: Of the 22 children with OI, 19 had fear of visiting the hospital (p < 0.001), and 16 had obstacles to visiting the hospital (p < 0.01). The determinant factors for taking calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic affected school functioning (p = 0.015) and the total score (p = 0.027).
Conclusion: The significant risk factors pre and during COVID-19 were fear of and obstacles to visiting the hospital. Supplementation of calcium and/or vitamin D pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted school functioning and the total score.
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Bourion-Bédès S, Rousseau H, Batt M, Tarquinio P, Lebreuilly R, Sorsana C, Legrand K, Tarquinio C, Baumann C. The effects of living and learning conditions on the health-related quality of life of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown in the French Grand Est region. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:517. [PMID: 35296280 PMCID: PMC8926099 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 lockdown measures resulted in children and adolescents staying and learning at home. This study investigated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its associated factors among youth during the first lockdown. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 8- to 18-year-olds from the French Grand Est region. Sociodemographic data and information on living and learning conditions were collected using an online survey. HRQoL was assessed using the KIDSCREEN-27. Multiple regression analysis was performed to explore factors related to low HRQoL in each dimension. RESULTS In total, 471 children from 341 households were included. Difficulties isolating at home were associated with low HRQoL in the psychological well-being (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.0) and parent relations and autonomy (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2-3.8) dimensions. Conflicts with dwelling occupants were related to increased ORs in the psychological well-being (OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.9-4.6), parent relations and autonomy (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.4-3.4) and school environment (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5-3.7) dimensions. Living in an apartment (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-3.1), never leaving home (OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2-5.9), having indoor noise at home (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2-4.6), and having a parent with high anxiety (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-3.1) were associated with low HRQoL in the social support and peers dimension. Children working less than 1 h/day on schoolwork had an increased OR of 3.5 (95% CI: 1.4-9.0) in the school environment dimension. CONCLUSION Living and learning conditions were associated with low HRQoL among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown. Prevention and intervention programs are needed to support youth by facilitating their interactions and improving their coping and to prepare for future waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Bourion-Bédès
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, 78157, Versailles-Le Chesnay, France. .,UR 4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.
| | - Hélène Rousseau
- Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Martine Batt
- InterPsy, GRC Team, University of Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | - Karine Legrand
- UR 4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Clinical Investigation Center, INSERM, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Tarquinio
- UR 4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Baumann
- UR 4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
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Sciacca B, Laffan DA, O'Higgins Norman J, Milosevic T. Parental mediation in pandemic: Predictors and relationship with children's digital skills and time spent online in Ireland. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022; 127:107081. [PMID: 34720386 PMCID: PMC8536835 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing reliance on digital technology to carry out social, entertainment, work and school activities increased, which may have affected the ways in which parents mediated their children's digital technology use. Given the prominent role that digital technology will have in the future, it is important to investigate parent and child characteristics which impacted parental mediation of children's digital technology use. Therefore, the present study aimed at analysing the frequency of parental mediation strategies (i.e. active and restrictive) during lockdown, their determinants, and how the two strategies affected children's digital skills and time spent online. Data were collected from 461 parent and 461 child participants. Results showed that almost half of parents (46%) practiced parental mediation with the same frequency, while the 42.6% applied it more often. Active mediation was predicted by parental worries about online risks, while restrictive mediation was predicted by time spent online by children, parental worries about online risks, parental negative attitudes towards digital technology and parents' digital skills. Children developed more digital skills when their parents applied higher levels of both active and restrictive mediation, and they spent the lowest amount of time online when their parents employed higher levels of restrictive and lower levels of active mediation. Practical implications for families and children's wellbeing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Sciacca
- Corresponding author. DCU National Anti-Bullying Centre, Room C109/C112, DCU Institute of Education, St. Patrick's Campus, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Camacho-Montaño LR, Iranzo A, Martínez-Piédrola RM, Camacho-Montaño LM, Huertas-Hoyas E, Serrada-Tejeda S, García-Bravo C, de Heredia-Torres MP. Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on sleep in children: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101596. [PMID: 35183816 PMCID: PMC8810276 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Our main aim was to examine the evidence of the effects of coronavirus disease confinement on the sleep of children aged 12 years and younger. A systematic review was conducted following the recommendations for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. MEDLINE, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica Database, Psychological Information Database, and Web Of Science were systematically searched between the period of January 2020 and March 2021. The quality assessment was analysed with the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale and the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. The appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies was applied to cross-sectional studies and each longitudinal study was assessed with the critical appraisal skills programme. Data analysis was carried out through a narrative review. Eight studies were included in the review. Seven studies reported changes in sleep routines and five studies focused on sleep disturbances during confinement. The most important findings were a longer duration of sleep time, an increase in sleep latency, and daytime sleepiness. Whether or not the adverse changes to sleep patterns and bedtime routines seen during the home confinement period have any long-term consequences for children's sleep and daytime functioning remains unknown.
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Khan MA, Menon P, Govender R, Abu Samra AM, Allaham KK, Nauman J, Östlundh L, Mustafa H, Smith JEM, AlKaabi JM. Systematic review of the effects of pandemic confinements on body weight and their determinants. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:298-317. [PMID: 33706844 PMCID: PMC8376925 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pandemics and subsequent lifestyle restrictions such as ‘lockdowns’ may have unintended consequences, including alterations in body weight. This systematic review assesses the impact of pandemic confinement on body weight and identifies contributory factors. A comprehensive literature search was performed in seven electronic databases and in grey sources from their inception until 1 July 2020 with an update in PubMed and Scopus on 1 February 2021. In total, 2361 unique records were retrieved, of which forty-one studies were identified eligible: one case–control study, fourteen cohort and twenty-six cross-sectional studies (469, 362 total participants). The participants ranged in age from 6 to 86 years. The proportion of female participants ranged from 37 % to 100 %. Pandemic confinements were associated with weight gain in 7·2–72·4 % of participants and weight loss in 11·1–32·0 % of participants. Weight gain ranged from 0·6 (sd 1·3) to 3·0 (sd 2·4) kg, and weight loss ranged from 2·0 (sd 1·4) to 2·9 (sd 1·5) kg. Weight gain occurred predominantly in participants who were already overweight or obese. Associated factors included increased consumption of unhealthy food with changes in physical activity and altered sleep patterns. Weight loss during the pandemic was observed in individuals with previous low weight, and those who ate less and were more physically active before lockdown. Maintaining a stable weight was more difficult in populations with reduced income, particularly in individuals with lower educational attainment. The findings of this systematic review highlight the short-term effects of pandemic confinements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moien Ab Khan
- Nutrition Studies Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Primary Care, NHS North West London, LondonTW3 3EB, UK
| | - Preetha Menon
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Romona Govender
- Nutrition Studies Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Mb Abu Samra
- Nutrition Studies Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kholoud K Allaham
- Nutrition Studies Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javaid Nauman
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda Östlundh
- National Medical Library, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Halla Mustafa
- Nutrition Studies Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Juma M AlKaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
In addition to concern about physical health consequences of COVID-19, many researchers also note the concerning impact on behavioral health and quality of life due to disruption. The purpose of this paper is to explore pathways of COVID-19 behavioral health and quality of life. We found increased anxiety, depression, and alcohol misuse and that the pandemic exacerbated prior problems. Further community indicators also lead to poorer behavioral health and overall decreased quality of life. The nature of COVID-19 and vast reach of the virus suggests that behavioral health concerns should take a primary role in pandemic recovery.
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Anxiety and depressive symptomatology among children and adolescents exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. VOJNOSANIT PREGL 2022. [DOI: 10.2298/vsp210521092d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim. Children and adolescents are sensitive groups for the development of mental disorders during the crisis. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptomatology in the population of children and adolescents. Methods. The investigation was based on a systematic review followed by PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol, including Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, and APA Psyc Info databases, to identify relevant studies reporting anxiety and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 27 articles were included. Results. Anxiety symptoms increased from 28.3% before the pandemic to 49.5% during confinement [General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 ? 11)] (McNemar test, p < 0.0001). More depressive symptomatology was found, as well as weight and sleep disturbances which are the characteristics of children and adolescents? mental health. Additionally, female teenagers were experiencing grater declines in mood disorders than male teenagers during the COVID-19 crisis. On the one hand, different positive correlations between anxiety and other variables, were found, such as clinical depressive symptoms and anxiety (3/14), smartphone and internet addiction (2/14), lower levels of family income (2/14), perceived threats (2/14), higher grades at school (2/14), and loneliness (1/14). On the other hand, positive correlations were reported between depression and children and adolescents that were socially disconnected (3/17). Finally, mothers with higher level of education and income were associated with higher level of happiness (2/17). Conclusion. COVID-19 has a strong impact on the mental health of children and adolescents regarding depression and anxiety symptoms. Prevention programs focused on coping strategies should be conducted in elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools. Mental health should become a priority matter for governments, and the current pandemic could be an opportunity to highlight the importance of mental well-being and to invest in the betterment of clinical trainings, treatments and mental health research.
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Abstract
This article discusses child onset anxiety disorders in conjunction with the risks and benefits of the rapidly changing digital world including screen time, social media, and potential treatment platforms. A section includes the impact of pandemic stressors including social distancing, quarantining, the association of the pandemic and youth mental health, and prolonged screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Glover
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, B130, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 East 17th Place, F546, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Merlin Ariefdjohan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 East 17th Place, F546, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sandra L Fritsch
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, B130, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 East 17th Place, F546, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Factors affecting parent health-promotion behavior in early childhood according to family cohesion: Focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 62:121-128. [PMID: 34507852 PMCID: PMC8423845 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated and compared the factors influencing parents' promotion of healthy behavior in young children according to their family cohesion level during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving 432 parents of young children (ages 1-6) in six South Korean cities (320 and 112 from the high and low family cohesion groups, respectively). We collected data using self-report questionnaires on parents' health promotion behavior, stress, risk perception due to COVID-19, positive psychological capital, and family cohesion, and analyzed it using stepwise multiple regressions with the SPSS program. RESULTS The factors influencing parents' health promotion behavior differed across the family cohesion groups. For the high group, family cohesion, positive psychological capital, gender, and stress significantly affected parents' health promotion behavior (adjusted R2 = 0.22, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, for the low group, positive psychological capital, gender, stress and parents' health status significantly affected parents' health promotion behavior (adjusted R2 = 0.19, p < 0.001). Thus, stress, positive psychological capital, and gender were common factors of parents' health promotion behavior overall, regardless of family cohesion. CONCLUSION Our results are meaningful in finding that parents' health-related behaviors are not only affected by their individual factors, but also by family-related factors in the COVID-19 pandemic. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The study results may act as a base for improving family-centered intervention programs to promote healthy behaviors in both parents and young children based on personal and family cohesion factors.
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