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Meng W, Sun H, Su G. Plastic packaging-associated chemicals and their hazards - An overview of reviews. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 331:138795. [PMID: 37116723 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic packaging contains residues from substances used during manufacturing, such as solvents, as well as non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), such as impurities, oligomers, or degradation products. By searching peer-reviewed literature, we found that at least 10,259 chemicals were related to plastic packaging materials, which include chemicals used during manufacturing and/or present in final packaging items. We then summarized and discussed their chemical structures, analytical instruments, migration characteristics, and hazard categories where possible. For plastic packaging chemicals, examination of the literature reveals gas and liquid chromatography hyphenated to a variety of accurate mass analyzers based on the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry is usually used for the identification of unknown migrants coming from plastic packaging. Chemical migration from food packaging is affected by several parameters, including the nature and complexity of the food, contact time, temperature of the system, type of packaging contact layer, and properties of the migrants. A review of the literature reveals that information on adverse effects is only available for approximately 1600 substances. Among them, it appears that additives are more toxic than monomers to wildlife and humans. Neurotoxicity accounted for the highest proportion of toxicity of all types of chemicals, while benzenoids, organic acids, and derivatives were the most toxic types of chemicals. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that hydrocarbon derivatives, organic nitrogen compounds, and organometallic compounds have the highest proportions of dermatotoxicity, and organohalogen compounds have the highest proportions of hepatotoxicity. The main contributors to skin sensitization are organic salts. This study provides a basis for comprehensively publicizing information on chemicals in plastics, and could be helpful to better understand their potential risks to the environment and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Guanyong Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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2
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Zhu W, Jin P, Yang H, Li F, Wang C, Li T, Fan J. A green extraction strategy for the detection of antioxidants in food simulants and beverages migrated from plastic packaging materials. Food Chem 2023; 406:135060. [PMID: 36459798 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants, widely utilized in the food packaging field, have a risk of migrating into foodstuffs and eventually entering the human body. In this work, a novel method was established for green extraction and determination of antioxidants in food simulants migrated from plastic packaging materials. It was found that the antioxidants could be extracted directly from food simulants by in-situ formation of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents with low toxic medium-chain fatty alcohols. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection was 0.15 to 0.25 µg/L, and the limit of quantification was 0.5 to 1.0 µg/L for the antioxidants. The extraction reaches equilibrium in 2 min. Importantly, butylated hydroxytoluene was detected in two types of the surveyed food contact materials. The established method shows high sensitivity, high enrichment factor, and strong anti-interference ability, and can be used for the separation and enrichment of ultra-trace antioxidants in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China; School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Pingning Jin
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Hongrui Yang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Tiemei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Jing Fan
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
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3
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Velickova Nikova E, Temkov M, Rocha JM. Occurrence of meso/micro/nano plastics and plastic additives in food from food packaging. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 103:41-99. [PMID: 36863841 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This chapter focuses on the occurrence of plastic constituents in food due to the contact with different types of plastic packaging, films and coatings. The type of mechanisms occurring during the contamination of food by different packaging materials are described, as well as how the type of food and packaging may influences the extent of contamination. The main types of contaminants phenomena are considered and comprehensively discussed, along with the regulations in force for the use of plastic food packaging. In addition, the types of migration phenomena and factors that may influence such migration are comprehensively highlighted. Moreover, migration components related to the packaging polymers (monomers and oligomers) and the packaging additives are individually discussed in terms of chemical structure, adverse effects on foodstuffs, health, migration factors, as well as regulated residual values of such components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Velickova Nikova
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, RN, Macedonia
| | - Mishela Temkov
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, RN, Macedonia
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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4
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Diera T, Thomsen AH, Tisler S, Karlby LT, Christensen P, Rosshaug PS, Albrechtsen HJ, Christensen JH. A non-target screening study of high-density polyethylene pipes revealed rubber compounds as main contaminant in a drinking water distribution system. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119480. [PMID: 36528929 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) pipes are often the material of choice for water supply systems, thanks to their favorable properties, such as high strength-density ratio and corrosion resistance. However, previous studies have shown that organic compounds can migrate from PE pipes to the water. This study aimed to identify potential organic compounds migrating from high-density PE (HDPE) pipes used to distribute drinking water in Denmark, based on laboratory experiments and sampling in the distribution system using a two-tiered study design. In the first tier, migration of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and semi-VOCs) from HDPE pipes were investigated over one, three, and nine days in laboratory experiments, performed according to modified standards for migration testing (EN 12,873-1). The analytical workflow consisted of solid-phase extraction (SPE) for 10,000 times enrichment and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis from the water phase after migration. A total of 133 compounds originating from the PE pipes were detected. Thirty-one compounds were detected by suspect screening (SS), while the remaining 102 compounds were detected by non-target screening (NTS) analysis. Among the detected compounds were also hindered amine stabilizers (HALS), flame retardant, and plasticizer tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate. In the second tier, drinking water from a water distribution system in Copenhagen, Denmark, with a newly installed HDPE pipe was sampled and analyzed with GC-MS and liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LCHRMS). A total of 51 compounds were detected in the water, 12 of which were assigned to migration from HDPE. Surprisingly, HDPE antioxidants and their degradation products contributed only a relatively small percentage of the total measured compound intensities in the drinking water distribution system. Instead, a larger proportion of the compounds detected were assigned to rubber seals, used upstream in the water system from the abstraction site to delivery at the consumer tap. Seals are considered trifle in the larger picture of materials in contact with drinking water, however these results may cause a reconsideration of this position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Diera
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anne Holm Thomsen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Selina Tisler
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lone Tolstrup Karlby
- HOFOR, Greater Copenhagen Utility, Orestads Boulevard 35, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Peter Christensen
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Per Sand Rosshaug
- HOFOR, Greater Copenhagen Utility, Orestads Boulevard 35, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Hans-Jørgen Albrechtsen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jan H Christensen
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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5
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6
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Mesquita MDS, Abrantes SDMP. Potential antioxidant migration from polyethylene packaging to food: a systematic review. POLIMEROS 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.20220081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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7
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Pack EC, Lee KY, Jung JS, Jang DY, Kim HS, Koo YJ, Lee HG, Kim YS, Lim KM, Lee SH, Choi DW. Determination of the migration of plastic additives and non-intentionally added substances into food simulants and the assessment of health risks from convenience food packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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8
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Dorival-García N, Galbiati F, Kruell R, Kovasy R, Dunne SO, D'Silva K, Bones J. Identification of additives in polymers from single-use bioprocessing bags by accelerated solvent extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Talanta 2020; 219:121198. [PMID: 32887108 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Single-use technologies are increasingly used in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Despite their advantages, these plastic assemblies draw concern because they are a potential source of contamination due to extractable and leachable compounds (E&Ls). Characterising E&Ls from such materials is a necessary step in establishing their suitability for use. Therefore, there is an urgent need for sensitive methods to identify and quantitatively assess compounds in plastic materials. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is a powerful technique that can be reliably used for this purpose. In this study, ASE followed by liquid chromatography and Orbitrap-based High Resolution Accurate Mass (HRAM) mass analysis was found to be an efficient and versatile method for the determination of additives in different multilayer polymer systems from single-use bags. ASE optimisation was performed using a design of experiments approach. The type of solvent, temperature, swelling agent addition, static time and number of cycles were the selected variables. Optimum conditions were dependent on the type of plastic film. Ethyl acetate and cyclohexane were selected individually as optimum solvents. Optimum temperatures were 90-100 °C. Pressure was set at 1500 psi and extraction time was 30 min in 2 cycles. Swelling agent addition was necessary with polar extraction solvents. More than 100 additives and degradation products were confidently identified by HRAM MS. Correlations between the type and levels of identified additives and the type of polymer system were established. In addition, degradation behaviour and pathways for some additives can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Dorival-García
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fabrizio Galbiati
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Schweiz) AG, Neuhofstrasse 11, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Kruell
- Thermo Fisher Scientific GmbH, Im Steingrund 4 - 6, 63303, Dreieich, Germany
| | - Roman Kovasy
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Schweiz) AG, Neuhofstrasse 11, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
| | - Simon O Dunne
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Stafford House, 1 Boundary Park, Hemel Hempstead, HP2 7GE, UK
| | - Kyle D'Silva
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Stafford House, 1 Boundary Park, Hemel Hempstead, HP2 7GE, UK
| | - Jonathan Bones
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland; School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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9
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Liu JM, Li CY, Zhao N, Wang ZH, Lv SW, Liu JC, Chen LJ, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang S. Migration regularity of phthalates in polyethylene wrap film of food packaging. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2105-2113. [PMID: 32506566 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As a kind of polymer material additive, phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are widely used in food industry. However, PAEs are environmental endocrine disruptors with reproductive toxicity and teratogenic carcinogenicity, which are difficult to be degraded in the natural environment. In this paper, gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) methods for PAEs in polyethylene wrap film were optimized. For diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) that were mainly detected, the method had a good linearity in 1 to 500 ng/g. Then, we confirmed that the migration of DIBP and DBP from polyethylene wrap film increased with time and temperature. It is found that the migration law in different food simulations well followed the migration dynamics first-level model. The rate constant K1 and initial release rate V0 are inversely proportional to the polarity of the simulated liquid. We hope that this study can serve as a valuable reference for further research on the migration of food packing materials. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this paper, we present a simple example of applying migration model to evaluate the migration behaviors of PAEs in food packaging materials along with their hazardous properties. It can serve as a valuable reference for further research on the migration of food packing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Min Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chun-Yang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shi-Wen Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ji-Chao Liu
- Beijing San Yuan Foods Co., Ltd., No. 8, Yingchang Road, Yinghai, Daxing District, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- Beijing San Yuan Foods Co., Ltd., No. 8, Yingchang Road, Yinghai, Daxing District, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Watanabe R, Sugahara A, Hagihara H, Sakamoto K, Nakajima Y, Naganawa Y. Polypropylene-Based Nanocomposite with Enhanced Aging Stability by Surface Grafting of Silica Nanofillers with a Silane Coupling Agent Containing an Antioxidant. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12431-12439. [PMID: 32548428 PMCID: PMC7271349 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous improvement in the mechanical properties and lifetime of polymer nanocomposites is crucially significant to further extend the versatility of polymer materials and reduce environmental impact. In this study, we fabricated reinforced polypropylene (PP)-based nanocomposites with improved aging stability by the addition of surface-modified well-ordered silica nanospheres with a silane coupling agent (SCA) containing hindered phenol antioxidant as a filler. Uniform grafting of the SCA on the filler surface contributed to homogeneous dispersion of the filler into the matrix, leading to improved properties (e.g., stiffness and ductility) and uniform distribution of the antioxidant component into the entire nanocomposite by filler dispersion. The grafting of SCA also likely provides an inhibitory effect on antioxidant migration, which leads to loss of polymer stability during the aging process. This novel idea for the material design of PP-based nanocomposites, which simultaneously enhances their mechanical properties and lifetime, is promising for application in the fabrication of various types of polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Watanabe
- Research
Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Aki Sugahara
- Research
Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hagihara
- Research
Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuki Naganawa
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
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11
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A model study on the migration of Irganox 1010 from low density polyethylene into a fatty food simulant as a function of incorporated spherical and plate-like nanoparticles. Food Packag Shelf Life 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Žnideršič L, Mlakar A, Prosen H. Development of a SPME-GC-MS/MS method for the determination of some contaminants from food contact material in beverages. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110829. [PMID: 31542431 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development and validation of a simple, low-cost, and sensitive method for the determination of nine compounds expected in beverages and vinegar as a result of migration from food contact material (parabens, phenolic antioxidants, sulfonamide plasticizer, and flame retardant) is presented. The analytes were preconcentrated using solid-phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. The method required no derivatization procedure and an affordable chemical was used as internal standard. The LODs were in the range of 0.005-0.2 μg/L, the relative standard deviations 0.8-5.4%, and the mean recoveries 98-109%. Different alcoholic beverages and vinegars were analyzed. A crown cap migration study using several food simulants was conducted for 6 months. Moreover, migration from a home brewing plastic fermenter in a time span of 4 weeks was studied. Analyte concentrations up to 2220.99 μg/L were detected in real samples and up to 4.75 μg/L in migration experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Žnideršič
- Krka, d.d., Novo Mesto, Šmarješka Cesta 6, 8501, Novo Mesto, Slovenia; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anita Mlakar
- Krka, d.d., Novo Mesto, Šmarješka Cesta 6, 8501, Novo Mesto, Slovenia
| | - Helena Prosen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Chang Y, Kang K, Park SJ, Choi JC, Kim M, Han J. Experimental and theoretical study of polypropylene: Antioxidant migration with different food simulants and temperatures. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Huang C, Dang X, Bei R, Zhao Y, Li C, Chen Q, Wang S. Effect of SiOx layer on preventing the migration of plasticizer and antioxidant from polyethylene terephthalate films. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-019-00688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Lu M, Liu P, Zhang S, Yuan W, Ding S, Wang F, Ding Y, Yang M. Anti-aging behavior of amino-containing co-condensed nanosilica in polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Charron C, De Vaugelade S, Richard F, Largitte A, Pirnay S. Optimization of the method of the content-containing interaction evaluation for cosmetic products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:269-275. [PMID: 29693714 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In July 2013, the European Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 came into effect in order to secure cosmetic products. The content-containing interaction between the packaging and the product must be considered for the safety assessment. Indeed, some compounds are able to migrate from the packaging to the product and may be harmful to the consumer health. This is why a first test was established by EXPERTOX laboratory in 2012 to deal with this new regulation. A new analytical method was developed and validated for the quantification of 23 substances able to migrate from the packaging to the product. It was applied on a plastic packaging with the five simulants of migration. To evaluate the content-containing interaction, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed and validated. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to extract contaminants (thirteen phthalates and ten substances of very high concern) from migration simulants. Calibration curves showed good linearity regression from 2 to 50 μg mL-1 for nineteen molecules and from 5 to 45 μg mL-1 for the others. The limits of quantification were respectively 2 and 5 μg mL-1 . The accuracy, precision, repeatability of the analytical method and extraction yields were acceptable. No molecule was found in simulants of migration, so the potential contaminants present in the packaging did not migrate. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method and liquid-liquid extraction were validated for 23 molecules and can be used for the evaluation of the content-containing interaction of cosmetic products. Both quantification and extraction procedures are more robust and faster than previous method.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Charron
- EXPERTOX Agency and Laboratory, 14 rue Godefroy Cavaignac, Paris, 75011, France
| | - S De Vaugelade
- EXPERTOX Agency and Laboratory, 14 rue Godefroy Cavaignac, Paris, 75011, France
| | - F Richard
- EXPERTOX Agency and Laboratory, 14 rue Godefroy Cavaignac, Paris, 75011, France
| | - A Largitte
- EXPERTOX Agency and Laboratory, 14 rue Godefroy Cavaignac, Paris, 75011, France
| | - S Pirnay
- EXPERTOX Agency and Laboratory, 14 rue Godefroy Cavaignac, Paris, 75011, France
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17
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Kang K, Chang Y, Choi JC, Park SJ, Han J. Migration Study of Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Irganox 1010 from Polypropylene Treated with Severe Processing Conditions. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1005-1010. [PMID: 29574970 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Safety concerns have emerged over the increased use of polypropylene (PP) in food-packaging markets. Some antioxidants in PP can migrate to foods and cause undesirable effects in humans. In this study, migration behaviors of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Irganox 1010 (I-1010) in PP sheets were determined according to the US FDA migration test conditions. In particular, we tested the effects of severe conditions of food processing and storage, such as autoclave heating (sterilization at about 121 °C), microwave radiation (700 W), and deep freezing (-30 °C) on migration of antioxidants. Migrant concentrations were higher in 95% ethanol as lipid food simulant, because of the hydrophobic nature of both PP and antioxidants. Autoclave heating treatment increased migrant concentrations compared with other processing conditions. Moreover, increased migrant concentrations by deep freezing condition were attributed to the brittleness of PP at freezing temperature. Regardless of processing conditions, BHT which has a lower molecular weight, migrated faster than I-1010. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The antioxidants with hydrophobic nature such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Irganox 1010 (I-1010) in polypropylene sheets would be migrated to foods, which is an important issue for industrial production food packaging materials. Migration behavior was promoted by severe processing conditions such as autoclave heating, microwave radiation, freezing, and especially autoclave heating treatment led the highest migration among them. Therefore, control of chemical additive migration from polypropylene food packaging is needed for safe food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungmo Kang
- Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjee Chang
- Dept. of Food Biosciences and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Chun Choi
- Food Additives and Packaging Div., Natl. Inst. of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Jong Park
- Food Additives and Packaging Div., Natl. Inst. of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejoon Han
- Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Dept. of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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18
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Hahladakis JN, Velis CA, Weber R, Iacovidou E, Purnell P. An overview of chemical additives present in plastics: Migration, release, fate and environmental impact during their use, disposal and recycling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:179-199. [PMID: 29035713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1366] [Impact Index Per Article: 227.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 60 years plastics production has increased manifold, owing to their inexpensive, multipurpose, durable and lightweight nature. These characteristics have raised the demand for plastic materials that will continue to grow over the coming years. However, with increased plastic materials production, comes increased plastic material wastage creating a number of challenges, as well as opportunities to the waste management industry. The present overview highlights the waste management and pollution challenges, emphasising on the various chemical substances (known as "additives") contained in all plastic products for enhancing polymer properties and prolonging their life. Despite how useful these additives are in the functionality of polymer products, their potential to contaminate soil, air, water and food is widely documented in literature and described herein. These additives can potentially migrate and undesirably lead to human exposure via e.g. food contact materials, such as packaging. They can, also, be released from plastics during the various recycling and recovery processes and from the products produced from recyclates. Thus, sound recycling has to be performed in such a way as to ensure that emission of substances of high concern and contamination of recycled products is avoided, ensuring environmental and human health protection, at all times.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Hahladakis
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom.
| | - Costas A Velis
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom.
| | - Roland Weber
- POPs Environmental Consulting, Lindenfirststr. 23, D.73527, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Eleni Iacovidou
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Purnell
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom
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19
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Beigmohammadi F, Peighambardoust SH, Hesari J, Peighambardoust SJ. Inhibition of Coliform Bacteria in Ultra-Filtrated Cheese Packed in Nanocomposite Films Containing Cloisite30B- Metal Nanoparticles. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/nfsr.5.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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20
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Mathematical modeling of gallic acid release from chitosan films with grape seed extract and carvacrol. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Dorival-García N, Bones J. Evaluation of solvent systems for optimized extractables studies of single use bioprocessing solutions. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1513:69-77. [PMID: 28739275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite their advantages, there is concern that single-use systems used in biopharmaceutical manufacture might release potentially toxic substances during standard unit operations that negatively impact cell growth. Characterization of the extractables profile for single-use systems is necessary to know which compounds potentially become leachables under operational cell culture conditions. A key issue in the design of extractables studies is the composition of the model solvent, in particular its pH and polarity. In this study, a new approach, based on design of experiments (DoE), has been applied to determine the composition of the model solvent for extractable profiling of single-use bags (SUBs). Particular focus was placed on the determination of the degradation products of the antioxidant Irgafos 168®, due to evidence that some of these degradation products have cytotoxic effects on CHO cells. Results indicated that 2-propanol:water is the most appropriate solvent for the extraction of highly hydrophobic compounds with polar groups and/or acid-base properties from SUBs. The described DoE approach simplifies the number of experiments, evaluates all possible solvent water mixtures to select the best extraction solvent based on polarity, establishes the influence of each variable and provides information about variable interaction, which represents an important improvement over current best practice. The developed approach was applied to seven SUBs from different vendors and production dates facilitating the identification of potentially non-satisfactory films for cultivation of CHO cell lines under process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Dorival-García
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Bones
- Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT-The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Co., Dublin, Ireland; School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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22
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Lagacé L, Charron C, Sadiki M. Analysis of plastic residues in maple sap and syrup collected from tubing systems sanitized with isopropyl alcohol. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00306. [PMID: 28560359 PMCID: PMC5443961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A plastic tubing system operated under vacuum is usually used to collect sap from maple trees during spring time to produce maple syrup. This system is commonly sanitized with isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to remove microbial contamination colonizing the system during the sugar season. Questions have been raised whether IPA would contribute to the leaching of plastic residues in maple sap and syrup coming from sanitized systems. First, an extraction experiment was performed in the lab on commercial plastic tubing materials that were submitted to IPA under harsh conditions. The results of the GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of many compounds that served has target for further tests. Secondly, tests were done on early and mid-season maple sap and syrup coming from many sugarbushes using IPA or not to determine potential concentrations of plastic residues. Results obtained from sap and syrup samples showed that no quantifiable (< 1–75 μg/L) concentration of any plastic molecules tested was determined in all samples coming from IPA treated or not treated systems. However, some samples of first sap run used as a rinse solution to be discarded before the season start and that were coming from non sanitized or IPA sanitized systems, showed quantifiable concentrations of chemical residue such as ultraviolet protector (octabenzone). These results show that IPA can be safely used to sanitize maple sap collection system in regards to the leaching of plastic residues in maple sap and syrup and reinforced the need to thoroughly rinse the tubing system at the beginning of the season for both sanitized and non sanitized systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Lagacé
- Centre de recherche, de développement et de transfert technologique acéricole inc. 142 rang Lainesse, St-Norbert d'Arthabaska, Québec, Canada. G0P 1B0
| | - Carmen Charron
- Centre de recherche, de développement et de transfert technologique acéricole inc. 142 rang Lainesse, St-Norbert d'Arthabaska, Québec, Canada. G0P 1B0
| | - Mustapha Sadiki
- Centre de recherche, de développement et de transfert technologique acéricole inc. 142 rang Lainesse, St-Norbert d'Arthabaska, Québec, Canada. G0P 1B0
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23
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Fang X, Vitrac O. Predicting diffusion coefficients of chemicals in and through packaging materials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:275-312. [PMID: 25831407 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.849654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Most of the physicochemical properties in polymers such as activity and partition coefficients, diffusion coefficients, and their activation with temperature are accessible to direct calculations from first principles. Such predictions are particularly relevant for food packaging as they can be used (1) to demonstrate the compliance or safety of numerous polymer materials and of their constitutive substances (e.g. additives, residues…), when they are used: as containers, coatings, sealants, gaskets, printing inks, etc. (2) or to predict the indirect contamination of food by pollutants (e.g. from recycled polymers, storage ambiance…) (3) or to assess the plasticization of materials in contact by food constituents (e.g. fat matter, aroma…). This review article summarizes the classical and last mechanistic descriptions of diffusion in polymers and discusses the reliability of semi-empirical approaches used for compliance testing both in EU and US. It is concluded that simulation of diffusion in or through polymers is not limited to worst-case assumptions but could also be applied to real cases for risk assessment, designing packaging with low leaching risk or to synthesize plastic additives with low diffusion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Fang
- a AgroParisTech, UMR 1145 Ingénierie Procédés Aliments , Massy , France.,b INRA, UMR 1145 Ingénierie Procédés Aliments , Massy , France
| | - Olivier Vitrac
- a AgroParisTech, UMR 1145 Ingénierie Procédés Aliments , Massy , France.,b INRA, UMR 1145 Ingénierie Procédés Aliments , Massy , France
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24
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Liu P, Tang H, Lu M, Gao C, Wang F, Ding Y, Zhang S, Yang M. Preparation of nanosilica-immobilized antioxidant and the antioxidative behavior in low density polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Bodai Z, Jakab PP, Novák M, Nyiri Z, Szabó BS, Rikker T, Eke Z. Solubility determination as an alternative to migration measurements. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:574-81. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1142676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Beigmohammadi F, Peighambardoust SH, Hesari J, Azadmard-Damirchi S, Peighambardoust SJ, Khosrowshahi NK. Antibacterial properties of LDPE nanocomposite films in packaging of UF cheese. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Moreta C, Tena MT. Determination of plastic additives in packaging by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1414:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Gholami A, Hajian M, Rafiemanzelat F, Zanjanijam AR. Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) composites: Influence of different nanofillers as antimigration agents. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abed Gholami
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Isfahan; Isfahan 81746-73441 Iran
| | - Morteza Hajian
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Isfahan; Isfahan 81746-73441 Iran
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29
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Kuorwel KK, Cran MJ, Orbell JD, Buddhadasa S, Bigger SW. Review of Mechanical Properties, Migration, and Potential Applications in Active Food Packaging Systems Containing Nanoclays and Nanosilver. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuorwel K. Kuorwel
- National Measurement Institute; Dept. of Industry, Australia Government; Port Melbourne Victoria 3207 Australia
| | - Marlene J. Cran
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science; Victoria Univ; PO Box 14428 Melbourne Victoria 8001 Australia
| | - John D. Orbell
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science; Victoria Univ; PO Box 14428 Melbourne Victoria 8001 Australia
| | - Saman Buddhadasa
- National Measurement Institute; Dept. of Industry, Australia Government; Port Melbourne Victoria 3207 Australia
| | - Stephen W. Bigger
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science; Victoria Univ; PO Box 14428 Melbourne Victoria 8001 Australia
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30
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Anouar BS, Guinot C, Ruiz JC, Charton F, Dole P, Joly C, Yvan C. Purification of post-consumer polyolefins via supercritical CO2 extraction for the recycling in food contact applications. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Li B, Wang ZW, Lin QB, Hu CY, Su QZ, Wu YM. Determination of Polymer Additives-Antioxidants, Ultraviolet Stabilizers, Plasticizers and Photoinitiators in Plastic Food Package by Accelerated Solvent Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:1026-35. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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32
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Bodai Z, Szabó BS, Novák M, Hámori S, Nyiri Z, Rikker T, Eke Z. Analysis of potential migrants from plastic materials in milk by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with liquid-liquid extraction and low-temperature purification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:10028-37. [PMID: 25251884 DOI: 10.1021/jf503110v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple and fast analytical method was developed for the determination of six UV stabilizers (Cyasorb UV-1164, Tinuvin P, Tinuvin 234, Tinuvin 326, Tinuvin 327, and Tinuvin 1577) and five antioxidants (Irgafos 168, Irganox 1010, Irganox 3114, Irganox 3790, and Irganox 565) in milk. For sample preparation liquid-liquid extraction with low-temperature purification combined with centrifugation was used to remove fats, proteins, and sugars. After the cleanup step, the sample was analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). External standard and matrix calibrations were tested. External calibration proved to be acceptable for Tinuvin P, Tinuvin 234, Tinuvin 326, Tinuvin 327, Irganox 3114, and Irganox 3790. The method was successfully validated with matrix calibration for all compounds. Method detection limits were between 0.25 and 10 μg/kg. Accuracies ranged from 93 to 109%, and intraday precisions were <13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Bodai
- Joint Research and Training Laboratory on Separation Techniques (EKOL), Eötvös Loránd University , 1/A Pázmány Péter sétány, Budapest 1117, Hungary
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33
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Oliveira ÉC, Echegoyen Y, Cruz SA, Nerin C. Comparison between solid phase microextraction (SPME) and hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HFLPME) for determination of extractables from post-consumer recycled PET into food simulants. Talanta 2014; 127:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Thomas C, Siong D, Pirnay S. Evaluation of the content--containing interaction in cosmetic products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 36:327-35. [PMID: 24749946 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Thomas
- EXPERTOX Agency and Laboratory, 14 rue Godefroy Cavaignac, 75011, Paris, France
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35
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Sadaka F, Nguimjeu C, Brachais CH, Vroman I, Tighzert L, Couvercelle JP. WITHDRAWN: Review on antimicrobial packaging containing essential oils and their active biomolecules. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Li C, Li Y, Chen Z, Liang F, Chen X, Wu S, Li Y, Sun X. Simultaneous Determination of Antioxidants and Ultraviolet Absorbers by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography in Food Simulants. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-9811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Torres A, Romero J, Macan A, Guarda A, Galotto MJ. Near critical and supercritical impregnation and kinetic release of thymol in LLDPE films used for food packaging. J Supercrit Fluids 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Monitoring the extraction of additives and additive degradation products from polymer packaging into solutions by multi-residue method including solid phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1493-507. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Bhunia K, Sablani SS, Tang J, Rasco B. Migration of Chemical Compounds from Packaging Polymers during Microwave, Conventional Heat Treatment, and Storage. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2013; 12:523-545. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka Bhunia
- Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State Univ.; Pullman; WA 99164-6120; U.S.A
| | - Shyam S. Sablani
- Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State Univ.; Pullman; WA 99164-6120; U.S.A
| | - Juming Tang
- Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State Univ.; Pullman; WA 99164-6120; U.S.A
| | - Barbara Rasco
- School of Food Science; Washington State Univ.; Pullman; WA 99164-6376; U.S.A
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40
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López de Dicastillo C, Castro-López MDM, López-Vilariño JM, González-Rodríguez MV. Immobilization of green tea extract on polypropylene films to control the antioxidant activity in food packaging. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Chang L, Bi P, Liu Y, Mu Y, Nie F, Luo S, Wei Y. Simultaneous analysis of trace polymer additives in plastic beverage packaging by solvent sublation followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:7165-71. [PMID: 23841672 DOI: 10.1021/jf401748a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Using solvent sublation (SS), a novel pretreatment method for separating and concentrating antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers from plastic beverage packaging was developed, and these target compounds were quantitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the pretreatment section, the effects of the sublation solvent, solution pH, NaCl concentration, nitrogen flow rate, sublation time, and light condition on the sublation efficiency were investigated in detail and the optimal conditions of the solvent sublation process were selected. The analytical method of SS-HPLC showed good linearity in the range from 0.33 to 667 ng/mL with good presenting regression coefficients (0.9995 ≥ R(2) ≥ 0.9972). Low limits of detection (LODs) of 0.34-1.25 ng/mL and limits of quantification (LOQs) of 1.13-4.15 ng/mL were achieved. The mean recoveries were in the range from 88.73 to 107.65% at 20, 30, and 40 ng/mL spiked levels, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the range from 2.16 to 10.55%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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42
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Perspectives on alternatives to phthalate plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) in medical devices applications. Prog Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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43
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44
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Biparva P, Ehsani M, Hadjmohammadi MR. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using extraction solvents lighter than water combined with high performance liquid chromatography for determination of synthetic antioxidants in fruit juice samples. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Antioxidants Release from Solvent-Cast PLA Film: Investigation of PLA Antioxidant-Active Packaging. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-012-0830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Wang Y, Zeng X, Li H, Guo J. Structural Characterization of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene-Bound 2, 2-Thiobis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and Its Thermo-Oxidative Aging Resistance for Natural Rubber Vulcanizates. J MACROMOL SCI B 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2012.664452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Wang
- a College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Zeng
- a College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Li
- a College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- a College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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47
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Determination of antioxidant residues in polymer food package using gas chromatography. Se Pu 2011; 29:273-6. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2011.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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