1
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Hou S, Wang X, Lian L, Zhu B, Yue B, Lou D. Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Water Samples Using a Needle Trap Device Combined with Gas Chromatography. LCGC NORTH AMERICA 2022. [DOI: 10.56530/lcgc.na.pb8772h2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a fiber-packed needle trap device (NTD) was developed by packing heat-resistant fibers with a polyethylene glycol sol-gel coating into a 21-gauge, stainless steel needle. The polyethylene glycol sol-gel coating has numerous advantages, including uniform roughness and a large specific surface area. The prepared NTD was used for headspace extraction of five polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water samples, determined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The main experimental parameters, including the extraction and desorption conditions, ionic strength, and fiber bundles, were investigated to improve the extraction efficiency. After optimization, satisfactory linearity (r > 0.99) in the concentration range of 0.02–500 μg/L was obtained, and the enrichment factor of NTD for the five PCBs was between 1150 and 9537 times. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) of five PCBs were measured in ranges of 0.0021–0.01 μg/L. Furthermore, the fiber-packed NTD has excellent durability, and can be reused for 60 cycles. After being stored at room temperature for three days, the storage ability of the NTD had a loss of PCBs less than 10%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 10%. When analyzing the PCBs in real water samples, good accuracies (spiked recoveries were in the range of 92.19–98.56%) and precision (the RSD was lower than 12.8%) was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lili Lian
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Bo Zhu
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
| | | | - Dawei Lou
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
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2
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Dziedzic D, Nawała J, Gordon D, Dawidziuk B, Popiel S. Nanostructured polyaniline SPME fiber coating for chemical warfare agents analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:339649. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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3
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Wang W, Gong Z, Yang S, Xiong T, Wang D, Fan M. Fluorescent and visual detection of norfloxacin in aqueous solutions with a molecularly imprinted polymer coated paper sensor. Talanta 2020; 208:120435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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4
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Ma Y, Hao L, Lin X, Liu X, Qiu X, Zhang X, Hu X. An in-tube aptamer/gold nanoparticles coated capillary solid-phase microextraction for separation of adenosine in serum and urine samples. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1611:460617. [PMID: 31668868 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As an endogenous nucleoside, adenosine was significant for the diagnosis and treatment of some diseases, such as schizophrenia. However, due to the complicated matrix interference, it was difficult to monitor trace or ultra-trace adenosine directly in bio-samples. In this contribution, a novel in-tube SPME technique based on aptamer/Au nanoparticles coated open tubular fused-silica capillary was established to separate and enrich adenosine in bio-samples with high affinity. Therefore, a uniform and dense AuNPs layer was coated on the inner surface of the open tubular capillary, and then adenosine aptamer was immobilized on AuNPs with a high capacity of 2.44 μg per 27-cm capillary. As a result, the capillary shown high selectivity to adenosine with a selectivity factor of 14.4 when compared with the scrambled aptamer/AuNPs coated capillary. Also, the extraction amount of adenosine was 2.8-24.8 times higher than those of its structural analogs and contrast, such as guanosine, uridine, cytidine, thymidine, and toluic acid. After the optimization of extraction conditions, the aptamer/AuNPs coated in-tube SPME-HPLC method was developed for the adenosine assay with the linear range of 0.002-0.100 μg mL-1 and the detection limit of 0.45 ng mL-1. Subsequently, the approach was applied for trace adenosine monitoring in human serum and urine samples. It showed a strong performance of reducing matrix interference and improving sensitivity, and the spiking recoveries of 89.9-92.6% and 91.1-94.5% were achieved respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lixian Hao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiangjun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinni Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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5
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Yang J, Dong X, Hu YH, Wang QY, Wang SL, Cao J, Zhang HH. Calixarene and ionic liquid assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction of organic acids from fruit. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1602:150-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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6
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Modification of a steel fiber with a graphene based bucky gel for headspace solid-phase microextraction of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons prior to their quantification by GC. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:509. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Yarazavi M, Noroozian E, Mousavi M. Headspace solid-phase microextraction of menthol using a sol–gel titania-based coating along with multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the surface of stainless steel fiber. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Guo X, Ye T, Liu L, Hu X. Preparation and characterization of an aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction fiber and its application in the selective monitoring of adenosine phosphates with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 39:1533-41. [PMID: 27106768 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An aptamer with adenosine triphosphate as a ligand was immobilized onto the surface of a porous-polymer-coated fiber to obtain an aptamer-functionalized porous-polymer-coated solid-phase microextraction fiber. The fiber was observed with a crosslinked and porous morphological surface structure. It shows specific selectivity to adenosine triphosphate with a selectivity coefficient of 22.1 compared to the scrambled oligonucleotide functionalized fiber, and the selectivity factors over other analogues and reference compounds were from 6.1 to 77.5. When the fiber-based solid-phase microextraction was coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, detection limits of 2.7, 29, and 34 μg/L were achieved for adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate, respectively. The spiking recoveries of 77.6-91.9% were achieved for trace adenosine phosphates in human serum sample. Furthermore, the fibers showed high stability and good reusability and could be used over 50 times for the real serum sample pretreatment without remarkable performance reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Luying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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9
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Pan J, Li S, Dang F, Zhang Z, Zhang J. Fabrication of a porous β-cyclodextrin-polymer-coated solid-phase microextraction fiber for the simultaneous determination of five contaminants in water using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22422-22428. [PMID: 35539744 PMCID: PMC9081428 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel solid-phase microextraction fiber coated with a porous β-cyclodextrin polymer was developed. The porous β-cyclodextrin polymer cross-linked using tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile, possessed well-distributed pores and the largest surface area among current β-cyclodextrin polymers. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the coating had a continuous wrinkled and folded structure, which guarantees a sufficient loading capacity for contaminants. The properties of the developed fiber were evaluated using headspace solid-phase microextraction of five contaminants as model analytes coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Owing to the advantages of a large surface area and three-dimensional cavities, the novel fiber exhibited excellent operational stability and extraction ability. After optimisation of the extraction conditions, including extraction temperature, extraction time, salt effect, and desorption time, validation of the method with water samples achieved good linearity over a wide range (0.01–120 μg L−1) and low detection limits (0.003–1.600 μg L−1). The single-fiber and fiber-to-fiber repeatabilities were 1.7–11.0% and 1.9–11.0%, respectively. The method was applied to the simultaneous analysis of five analytes with satisfactory recoveries (76.6–106.0% for pond water and 89.0–105.9% for rainwater). A novel solid-phase microextraction fiber coated with a porous β-cyclodextrin polymer was developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongxiu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Shuming Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Fuquan Dang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
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10
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Jiang H, Li J, Hu X, Shen J, Sun X, Han W, Wang L. Ordered mesoporous silica film as a novel fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction. Talanta 2017; 174:307-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Silica- and germania-based dual-ligand sol-gel organic-inorganic hybrid sorbents combining superhydrophobicity and π-π interaction. The role of inorganic substrate in sol-gel capillary microextraction. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 964:96-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Chen Y, Yang L, Zhang W, Deng Z, Wang F, Li Y, Meng L, Wu N, Ban F, Zhang S. Simultaneous Analysis of Two Phytohormones in Chili and Wheat Using HPLC Using Novel Calixarene as SPE Sorbent. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:358-365. [PMID: 27789527 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection method, using tetraazacalix[2]arene[2]triazine-modified silica gel (NCS) as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent, was developed for extracting and purifying the two phytohormones (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)) in chili and wheat samples from different organs of chili and wheat. The limits of detection were about 0.02 and 0.04 μg/mL, and the limits of quantification were 0.04 and 0.20 μg/mL for IAA and IBA, respectively. The intraday and interday RSDs (n = 6) of peak areas and retention times were in the range of 0.76-1.20%. In addition, overall recoveries through the extraction and NCS-SPE purification ranged from 78.4% to 86.8% for IAA and IBA were obtained. Compared with the commercial SPE sorbents, NCS featured excellent selectivity to retain IAA and IBA in the sample matrices. In addition, the results more clearly indicated that high IAA and IBA content existed in roots and leaves of wheat and chili; in other organs of the plants, the concentration of the two phytohormones is lower. The results from theoretical computation were consistent with the retention behaviors of IAA and IBA on NCS. The proposed NCS-SPE-HPLC method is highly effective for trace analysis of the two phytohormones in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Zhifen Deng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Lei Meng
- Veterinary Drug Supervision & Animal Husbandry Bureau of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Ningpeng Wu
- Veterinary Drug Supervision & Animal Husbandry Bureau of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Fuguo Ban
- Veterinary Drug Supervision & Animal Husbandry Bureau of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
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13
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Deng Z, Hu K, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Wang F, Guo L, Zhang W, He J, Huang Y, Zhang S. On-cartridge derivatisation using a calixarene solid-phase extraction sorbent for facile, sensitive and fast determination of formaldehyde in beer. Food Chem 2016; 211:314-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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14
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Dong N, Li T, Luo Y, Shao L, Tao Z, Zhu C. A solid-phase microextraction coating of sol–gel-derived perhydroxy cucurbit[6]uril and its application on to the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1470:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Zhao W, Yang L, He L, Zhang S. Simultaneous Enrichment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cu(2+) in Water Using Tetraazacalix[2]arene[2]triazine as a Solid-Phase Extraction Selector. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6233-6239. [PMID: 27434330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the definite retention mechanism proven by the stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography, tetraazacalix[2]arene[2]triazine featuring multiple recognition sites was assessed as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) selector. The applicability of its silica support was used for the extraction of trace amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Cu(2+) in aqueous samples, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography fluorometric and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination. On the basis of the π-π interaction with PAHs and the chelating interaction with Cu(2+), the simultaneous extraction of PAHs and Cu(2+) and stepwise elution through tuning the eluent were successfully achieved, respectively. The SPE conditions affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized, including type and concentration of organic modifier, sample solution pH, flow rate, and volume. As a result of the special adsorption and desorption mechanism, high extraction efficiency was achieved with relative recoveries of 94.3-102.4% and relative standard deviations of less than 10.5%. The limits of detection were obtained with 0.4-3.1 ng L(-1) for PAHs and 15 ng L(-1) for Cu(2+), respectively. The method was applied to the analyses of PAHs and Cu(2+) in Xiliu Lake water samples collected in Zhengzhou, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Henan Institute of Engineering , Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
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16
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Li JW, Wang YL, Yan S, Li XJ, Pan SY. Molecularly imprinted calixarene fiber for solid-phase microextraction of four organophosphorous pesticides in fruits. Food Chem 2016; 192:260-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Riboni N, Trzcinski JW, Bianchi F, Massera C, Pinalli R, Sidisky L, Dalcanale E, Careri M. Conformationally blocked quinoxaline cavitand as solid-phase microextraction coating for the selective detection of BTEX in air. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 905:79-84. [PMID: 26755140 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Riboni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - J W Trzcinski
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - F Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
| | - C Massera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - R Pinalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - L Sidisky
- Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, PA, 16823, USA
| | - E Dalcanale
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
| | - M Careri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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18
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Preparation of an ionic liquid-mediated carbon nanotube-poly(dimethylsiloxane) fiber by sol–gel technique for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine samples using head-space solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-013-0363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Sol–gel molecularly imprinted polymer for selective solid phase microextraction of organophosphorous pesticides. Talanta 2013; 115:920-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Spietelun A, Kloskowski A, Chrzanowski W, Namieśnik J. Understanding solid-phase microextraction: key factors influencing the extraction process and trends in improving the technique. Chem Rev 2012; 113:1667-85. [PMID: 23273266 DOI: 10.1021/cr300148j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Spietelun
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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21
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Determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine by hollow-fiber liquid membrane-protected solid-phase microextraction based on sol–gel fiber coating. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 908:67-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Lei FF, Zhang XN, Gao YL, Han YH, Li XJ, Pan SY. Multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction using a new fiber for avoiding matrix interferences in the quantitative determination of ethyl carbamate in pickles. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1152-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Fen Lei
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Xue-Na Zhang
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Yuan-Li Gao
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Ya-Hong Han
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Xiu-Juan Li
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
| | - Si-Yi Pan
- Department of College of Food Science & Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan; China
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23
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Towards greater mechanical, thermal and chemical stability in solid-phase microextraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Griffete N, Frederich H, Maître A, Ravaine S, Chehimi MM, Mangeney C. Inverse opals of molecularly imprinted hydrogels for the detection of bisphenol A and pH sensing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1005-12. [PMID: 22088132 DOI: 10.1021/la202840y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Inverse opal films of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) were elaborated using the colloidal crystal template method. The colloidal crystals of silica particles were built by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, allowing a perfect control of the film thickness. Polymerization in the interspaces of the colloidal crystal in the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) and removal of the used template provides 3D-ordered macroporous methacrylic acid-based hydrogel films in which nanocavities derived from bisphenol A are distributed within the thin walls of the inverse opal hydrogel. The equilibrium swelling properties of the nonimprinted (NIPs) and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were studied as a function of pH and bisphenol A concentration, while the molecular structures of the bulk hydrogels were analyzed using a cross-linked network structure theory. This study showed an increase in nanopore (mesh) size in the MIPs after BPA extraction as compared to NIPs, in agreement with the presence of nanocavities left by the molecular imprints of the template molecule. The resulting inverse opals were found to display large responses to external stimuli (pH or BPA) with Bragg diffraction peak shifts depending upon the hydrogel film thickness. The film thickness was therefore shown to be a critical parameter for improving the sensing capacities of inverse opal hydrogel films deposited on a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nébéwia Griffete
- ITODYS, Université Paris Diderot (UMR 7086), 15 rue Jean de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
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Hu X, Cai Q, Fan Y, Ye T, Cao Y, Guo C. Molecularly imprinted polymer coated solid-phase microextraction fibers for determination of Sudan I–IV dyes in hot chili powder and poultry feed samples. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1219:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Ye CW, Zhang XN, Gao YL, Wang YL, Pan SY, Li XJ. Multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction after matrix modification for avoiding matrix effect in the determination of ethyl carbamate in bread. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 710:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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27
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Polyethylene glycol-coated solid-phase microextraction fibres for the extraction of polar analytes—A review. Talanta 2011; 87:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Ye CW, Zhang XN, Huang JY, Li SS, Pan SY, Wang YL, Li XJ. Multiple headspace solid-phase microextraction of ethyl carbamate from different alcoholic beverages employing drying agent based matrix modification. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:5063-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 05/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Bagheri H, Ayazi Z, Sistani H. Chemically bonded carbon nanotubes on modified gold substrate as novel unbreakable solid phase microextraction fiber. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Es’haghi Z, Ebrahimi M, Hosseini MS. Optimization of a novel method for determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in hair and waste water samples by carbon nanotubes reinforced sol–gel based hollow fiber solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography using factorial experimental design. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3400-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Hu X, Dai G, Huang J, Jin H, Yu Y, Liang Y. Preparation and Characterization of Metolachlor Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Coating on Stainless Steel Fibers for Solid-Phase Microextraction. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.511743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Lei FF, Huang JY, Zhang XN, Liu XJ, Li XJ. Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetables by Headspace SPME-GC. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Amini R, Rouhollahi A, Adibi M, Mehdinia A. A novel reusable ionic liquid chemically bonded fused-silica fiber for headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-flame ionization detection of methyl tert-butyl ether in a gasoline sample. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:130-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Granata G, Consoli GM, Sciuto S, Geraci C. Polymer supported calixarene derivative useful for solid-phase synthesis application. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Segro SS, Tran M, Kesani S, Alhendal A, Turner EB, Abdul Malik. Sol-gel microextraction phases for sample preconcentration in chromatographic analysis. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3075-96. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Hu X, Dai G, Huang J, Ye T, Fan H, Youwen T, Yu Y, Liang Y. Molecularly imprinted polymer coated on stainless steel fiber for solid-phase microextraction of chloroacetanilide herbicides in soybean and corn. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5875-82. [PMID: 20708736 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with metolachlor as template was firstly coated on stainless steel fiber through chemical bonding strategy to solve the fragility problem of silica fiber substrate for solid-phase microextraction. The surface pretreatment of stainless steel fiber and the polymerization conditions were investigated systematically to enhance the preparation feasibility and MIP coating performance, and then a porous and highly cross-linked MIP coating with 14.8-microm thickness was obtained with over 200 times re-usability which was supported by non-fragile stainless steel fiber adoption. The MIP coating possessed specific selectivities to metolachlor, its metabolites and other chloroacetanilide herbicides with the factors of 1.1-4.6. Good extraction capacities of metolachlor, propisochlor and butachlor were found with MIP coating under quick adsorption and desorption kinetics, and the detection limits of 3.0, 9.6 and 38 microg L(-1) were achieved, respectively. Moreover, the MIP-coated stainless steel fiber was evaluated for trace metolachlor, propisochlor and butachlor extraction in the spiked soybean and corn samples, and the enrichment factors of 54-60, 27-31 and 15-20 were obtained, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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37
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Segro SS, Malik A. High-temperature solvent stability of sol–gel germania triblock polymer coatings in capillary microextraction on-line coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5746-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Kloskowski A, Pilarczyk M, Chrzanowski W, Namieśnik J. Sol-Gel Technique—A Versatile Tool for Adsorbent Preparation. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2010.490486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Segro SS, Triplett J, Malik A. Sol−Gel Germania Triblock Polymer Coatings of Exceptional pH Stability in Capillary Microextraction Online-Coupled to High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2010; 82:4107-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100209p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott S. Segro
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE 205, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250
| | - Judy Triplett
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE 205, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE 205, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250
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40
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Solid-phase microextraction using a diglycidyloxycalix[4]arene coated fiber combined with gas chromatography: very simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of chlorobenzenes in water. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-009-0276-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Spietelun A, Pilarczyk M, Kloskowski A, Namieśnik J. Current trends in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibre coatings. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:4524-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c003335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Velamakanni A, Blackwell DL, Yang D, Sonawane S, Addagulla S, Major JS. Synthesis and characterization of functionalized silane-based copolymers for thermally robust polymer–silica hybrids. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00042f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Farhadi K, Maleki R, Tahmasebi R. A sol-gel based solid phase microextraction fiber for the analysis of aliphatic alcohols in apple juices. J Sep Sci 2009; 33:88-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Segro SS, Malik A. Sol–gel coatings with covalently attached methyl, octyl, and octadecyl ligands for capillary microextraction. Effects of alkyl chain length and sol–gel precursor concentration on extraction behavior. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:7677-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Chen H, Liu XJ, Yang C, Gao J, Ye CW, Li XJ. Determination of Phthalates in Beverages by Headspace SPME-GC Using Calix[6]arene Fiber. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Development and application of an SPME/GC method for the determination of trace phthalates in beer using a calix[6]arene fiber. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 641:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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47
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Biajoli AFP, Augusto F. Solid phase microextraction fibers coated with sol-gel aminopropylsilica/polydimethylsiloxane: development and its application to screening of beer headspace. ANAL SCI 2009; 24:1141-6. [PMID: 18781026 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and applicability of solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers coated with a sol-gel organically modified silica based on 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane (APTMS/PDMS) are described here. Micrographs of the coated fibers revealed a rugous surface; the thickness of the coating was estimated to be less than 30 microm. The APTMS/PDMS fibers were tested with synthetic samples and compared to commercial fibers for headspace SPME analysis of beer. Extraction and desorption using the APTMS/PDMS fibers were faster, which is typical for sol-gel SPME fibers. For polar and semi-polar compounds on beer headspace, the extraction efficiencies of the APTMS/PDMS fiber were superior to those of conventional fibers. The APTMS/PDMS fiber was found to be capable of extracting a broad range of analytes, including highly polar acidic species such as organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F P Biajoli
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas-SP 13084-971, Brazil
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48
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Hu X, Pan J, Hu Y, Li G. Preparation and evaluation of propranolol molecularly imprinted solid-phase microextraction fiber for trace analysis of β-blockers in urine and plasma samples. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:190-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Revised: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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49
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Solvent-resistant sol–gel polydimethyldiphenylsiloxane coating for on-line hyphenation of capillary microextraction with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1205:26-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Bianchi F, Mattarozzi M, Betti P, Bisceglie F, Careri M, Mangia A, Sidisky L, Ongarato S, Dalcanale E. Innovative Cavitand-Based Sol−Gel Coatings for the Environmental Monitoring of Benzene and Chlorobenzenes via Solid-Phase Microextraction. Anal Chem 2008; 80:6423-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800881g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Betti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mangia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Leonard Sidisky
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Ongarato
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Chimica Industriale and INSTM, Udr Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Supelco, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, and Sigma Aldrich Italia S.R.L, via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan, Italy
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