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Ahmad R, Alam MB, Cho E, Park CB, Shafique I, Lee SH, Sunghwan K. Development of a rapid screening method utilizing 2D LC for effect-directed analysis in the identification of environmental toxicants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172199. [PMID: 38580108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Effect-directed analysis (EDA) is a crucial tool in environmental toxicology, effectively integrating toxicity testing with chemical analysis. The conventional EDA approach, however, presents challenges such as significant solvent consumption, extended analysis time, labor intensity, and potential contamination risks. In response, we introduce an innovative alternative to the conventional EDA. This method utilizes the MTT bioassay and online two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D LC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), significantly reducing the fractionation steps and leveraging the enhanced sensitivity of the bioassay and automated chemical analysis. In the chemical analysis phase, a switching valve interface is employed for comprehensive analysis. We tested the performance of both the conventional and our online 2D LC-based methods using a household product. Both methods identified the same number of toxicants in the sample. Our alternative EDA is 22.5 times faster than the conventional method, fully automated, and substantially reduces solvent consumption. This novel approach offers ease, cost-effectiveness, and represents a paradigm shift in EDA methodologies. By integrating a sensitive bioassay with online 2D LC, it not only enhances efficiency but also addresses the challenges associated with traditional methods, marking a significant advancement in environmental toxicology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raees Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Badrul Alam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Cho
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Beom Park
- Gyeongnam Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Shafique
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Han Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kim Sunghwan
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry based Convergence Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Foster SW, Parker D, Kurre S, Boughton J, Stoll DR, Grinias JP. A review of two-dimensional liquid chromatography approaches using parallel column arrays in the second dimension. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1228:340300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Liang L, Duan W, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Sun B. Recent Development of Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography in Food Analysis. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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4
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Feng K, Wang S, Han L, Qian Y, Li H, Li X, Jia L, Hu Y, Wang H, Liu M, Hu W, Guo D, Yang W. Configuration of the ion exchange chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, and reversed-phase chromatography as off-line three-dimensional chromatography coupled with high-resolution quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry for the multicomponent characterization of Uncaria sessilifructus. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462237. [PMID: 34034106 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herbs represent complex chemical systems involving various primary and secondary metabolites that are featured by large spans of acid-base property, polarity, molecular mass, and content, etc., which thus poses great challenges to characterize the metabolites contained. Here, the combination of multiple-mechanism chromatography coupled with improved data-dependent-MS2 acquisition (DDA-MS2) is presented as a strategy to support the deep metabolites characterization. Targeting Uncaria sessilifructus, a reputable medicinal herb containing alkaloids and triterpenic acids (TAs) as the main pharmacologically bioactive ingredients, a three-dimensional liquid chromatography (3D-LC) system was established by integrating ion exchange chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, and reversed-phase chromatography (IEC-HILIC-RPC). The first-dimensional chromatography, configuring a PhenoSphere SCX column eluted by methanol/20 mM ammonium acetate-0.05% formic acid in water, could well fractionate the total extract into two fractions (unretained ingredients and alkaloids). The subsequent HILIC using an XAmide column and RPC by a CSH Phenyl-Hexyl column achieved the sufficient resolution of the total TAs and total alkaloids, respectively. A polarity-switching precursor ions list-including DDA approach by Q-Orbitrap-MS enabled the high-efficiency, coverage-enhanced identification of alkaloids and TAs. This 3D-LC/Q-Orbitrap-MS system was validated as precise (RSD < 5% for intra-day/inter-day precision), Up to 308 components were separated from U. sessilifructus, and 128 thereof (including 85 alkaloids, 29 TAs, and 14 others) were identified or tentatively characterized, exhibiting superiority over the conventional one-dimensional LC/MS. Conclusively, 3D-LC/MS in an off-line mode can facilitate the flexible configuration of multiple chromatography to accomplish the fit-for-purpose characterization of the metabolites from an herbal extract or a biosample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Simiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuexin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Building #6, No.27, Xinjinqiao Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Li Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Meiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wandi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dean Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
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5
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A Critical Review of Bottom-Up Proteomics: The Good, the Bad, and the Future of this Field. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030014. [PMID: 32640657 PMCID: PMC7564415 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomics is the field of study that includes the analysis of proteins, from either a basic science prospective or a clinical one. Proteins can be investigated for their abundance, variety of proteoforms due to post-translational modifications (PTMs), and their stable or transient protein–protein interactions. This can be especially beneficial in the clinical setting when studying proteins involved in different diseases and conditions. Here, we aim to describe a bottom-up proteomics workflow from sample preparation to data analysis, including all of its benefits and pitfalls. We also describe potential improvements in this type of proteomics workflow for the future.
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Nardiello D, Melfi MT, Pignatelli C, Centonze D. Enhancing online protein isolation as intact species from soy flour samples by actively modulated two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 179:112976. [PMID: 31757574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an enhanced fully automated approach is described for the protein isolation from soy flour samples by two-dimensional liquid chromatography with active modulation interface. The use of two multi-port switching valves is proposed to on-line connect the first to the second dimension column, thus overcoming the problems associated with the re-mixing effects and incompatibility of eluent composition and pH. A 5-cm long C4 analytical column installed in the interface device allows to focus the proteins coming from the first column (size exclusion chromatography), before their selective elution in the second column (reversed-phase). A trap washing step was included in the total workflow, as a desalting step to remove buffer residues from the eluent of the first column and to enhance the chromatographic performances of the second column. The experimental conditions were optimized by analyses of mixed standard solutions of bovine serum albumin, glucose oxidase, immunoglobulin A, thyroglobulin and myoglobin. Then, the optimized 2D-LC method was applied to the protein analysis in extracts of soy flour, known worldwide as one of the major food allergen sources, with the final aim to recovery sufficient protein amounts for the molecular characterization and the assessment of the pattern of allergenic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Nardiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Foggia, Via Napoli, 25 - 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Melfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Foggia, Via Napoli, 25 - 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Carla Pignatelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Foggia, Via Napoli, 25 - 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Foggia, Via Napoli, 25 - 71122 Foggia, Italy
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7
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Eckberg MN, Arroyo-Mora LE, Stoll DR, DeCaprio AP. Separation and Identification of Isomeric and Structurally Related Synthetic Cannabinoids Using 2D Liquid Chromatography and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 2018; 43:170-178. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bky081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are emerging drugs of abuse that are variations of existing compounds intended to cause a CNS psychotropic effect. Some NPS are so comparable in structure and physicochemical properties that they co-elute using traditional single column chromatographic techniques and therefore will not be detected as individual compounds. 2D liquid chromatography (2D-LC) has demonstrated applicability in difficult separations of small molecules and compounds in complex mixtures. It was hypothesized that this technique could also be used to separate co-eluting isomeric and structurally related, non-isomeric NPS, including synthetic cannabinoids (SC). Initial studies assessed several parameters, including column type, mobile phase, analysis time, gradient and flow rate, to optimize a 2D-LC method for separation and analysis of SC. The final comprehensive on-line 2D-LC method employed a Bonus-RP column in the first dimension (1D) coupled with UV detection and a biphenyl column in the second dimension (2D) coupled with QTOF-MS detection in full scan positive mode. To test the utility of the method, three SC mixes were created, each containing five compounds that were unresolvable in a traditional, 1D-LC separation; one mix with isomeric compounds and two with structurally related but non-isomeric compounds. Contour plots of UV absorbance in 1D and MS ion intensity in 2D demonstrated that all components in each mixture were successfully resolved using the 2D-LC separation method. This research serves as proof-of-concept for the application of 2D-LC to the separation of isomeric and structurally related SC. With further optimization and validation, 2D-LC may be a generally useful tool for separation of complex mixtures of NPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie N Eckberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, USA
| | - Luis E Arroyo-Mora
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dwight R Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Gustavus Adolphus College, 800 West College Ave., Saint Peter, MN, USA
| | - Anthony P DeCaprio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, USA
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8
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V. Soares Maciel E, de Toffoli AL, Lanças FM. Recent trends in sorption-based sample preparation and liquid chromatography techniques for food analysis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1582-1596. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Lúcia de Toffoli
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos; University of São Paulo; São Carlos SP Brazil
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9
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Zhu Z, Chen H, Ren J, Lu JJ, Gu C, Lynch KB, Wu S, Wang Z, Cao C, Liu S. Two-dimensional chromatographic analysis using three second-dimension columns for continuous comprehensive analysis of intact proteins. Talanta 2018; 179:588-593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Nagy G, Peng T, Kabotso DEK, Novotny MV, Pohl NLB. Protocol for the purification of protected carbohydrates: toward coupling automated synthesis to alternate-pump recycling high-performance liquid chromatography. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13253-13256. [PMID: 27775116 PMCID: PMC5123635 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07584c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Given recent advances in automated oligosaccharide synthesis, analytical techniques that can be coupled to a synthetic framework are needed to not just identify but also purify to homogeneity protected carbohydrate compounds at levels of ≥99.5% purity. Herein, an alternate-pump recycling high-performance liquid chromatography (R-HPLC) method has been developed to allow purification of protected carbohydrates at levels of ≥99.5% purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabe Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Tianyuan Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Daniel E K Kabotso
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Milos V Novotny
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Nicola L B Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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11
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Brack W, Ait-Aissa S, Burgess RM, Busch W, Creusot N, Di Paolo C, Escher BI, Mark Hewitt L, Hilscherova K, Hollender J, Hollert H, Jonker W, Kool J, Lamoree M, Muschket M, Neumann S, Rostkowski P, Ruttkies C, Schollee J, Schymanski EL, Schulze T, Seiler TB, Tindall AJ, De Aragão Umbuzeiro G, Vrana B, Krauss M. Effect-directed analysis supporting monitoring of aquatic environments--An in-depth overview. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:1073-118. [PMID: 26779957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic environments are often contaminated with complex mixtures of chemicals that may pose a risk to ecosystems and human health. This contamination cannot be addressed with target analysis alone but tools are required to reduce this complexity and identify those chemicals that might cause adverse effects. Effect-directed analysis (EDA) is designed to meet this challenge and faces increasing interest in water and sediment quality monitoring. Thus, the present paper summarizes current experience with the EDA approach and the tools required, and provides practical advice on their application. The paper highlights the need for proper problem formulation and gives general advice for study design. As the EDA approach is directed by toxicity, basic principles for the selection of bioassays are given as well as a comprehensive compilation of appropriate assays, including their strengths and weaknesses. A specific focus is given to strategies for sampling, extraction and bioassay dosing since they strongly impact prioritization of toxicants in EDA. Reduction of sample complexity mainly relies on fractionation procedures, which are discussed in this paper, including quality assurance and quality control. Automated combinations of fractionation, biotesting and chemical analysis using so-called hyphenated tools can enhance the throughput and might reduce the risk of artifacts in laboratory work. The key to determining the chemical structures causing effects is analytical toxicant identification. The latest approaches, tools, software and databases for target-, suspect and non-target screening as well as unknown identification are discussed together with analytical and toxicological confirmation approaches. A better understanding of optimal use and combination of EDA tools will help to design efficient and successful toxicant identification studies in the context of quality monitoring in multiply stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Brack
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Selim Ait-Aissa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Robert M Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Wibke Busch
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicolas Creusot
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | - Beate I Escher
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Mark Hewitt
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Klara Hilscherova
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Willem Jonker
- VU University, BioMolecular Analysis Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- VU University, BioMolecular Analysis Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marja Lamoree
- VU Amsterdam, Institute for Environmental Studies, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Muschket
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Pawel Rostkowski
- NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Jennifer Schollee
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Emma L Schymanski
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schulze
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Andrew J Tindall
- WatchFrag, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 Rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry, France
| | | | - Branislav Vrana
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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de Villiers A, Venter P, Pasch H. Recent advances and trends in the liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1430:16-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Fourier transform assisted deconvolution of skewed peaks in complex multi-dimensional chromatograms. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1394:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Haun J, Leonhardt J, Portner C, Hetzel T, Tuerk J, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. Online and Splitless NanoLC × CapillaryLC with Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Detection for Comprehensive Screening Analysis of Complex Samples. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10083-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402002m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Haun
- Institut
für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Juri Leonhardt
- Institut
für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Portner
- Institut
für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Terence Hetzel
- Institut
für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Tuerk
- Institut
für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut
für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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15
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Uliyanchenko E, Cools PJCH, van der Wal S, Schoenmakers PJ. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Ultrahigh-Pressure Liquid Chromatography for Separations of Polymers. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7802-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3011582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Uliyanchenko
- Analytical-Chemistry Group,
Faculty of Science, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Polymer Institute, P.O. Box 902,
5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sjoerdj van der Wal
- Analytical-Chemistry Group,
Faculty of Science, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- DSM Resolve, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen,
The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Schoenmakers
- Analytical-Chemistry Group,
Faculty of Science, van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Bedani F, Schoenmakers PJ, Janssen HG. Theories to support method development in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography - A review. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1697-711. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Bedani
- Analytical-Chemistry Group,; Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry,; National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center,; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Peter J. Schoenmakers
- Analytical-Chemistry Group,; Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Gerd Janssen
- Analytical-Chemistry Group,; Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Unilever Research and Development; Advanced Measurement and Data Modelling; Vlaardingen The Netherlands
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17
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Liu J, Khaing Oo MK, Reddy K, Gianchandani YB, Schultz JC, Appel HM, Fan X. Adaptive Two-Dimensional Microgas Chromatography. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4214-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300588z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, University of Michigan, 1101
Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
- Center for Wireless Integrated
Microsensing and Systems, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Maung Kyaw Khaing Oo
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, University of Michigan, 1101
Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
- Center for Wireless Integrated
Microsensing and Systems, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Karthik Reddy
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, University of Michigan, 1101
Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
- Center for Wireless Integrated
Microsensing and Systems, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Science, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
| | - Yogesh B. Gianchandani
- Center for Wireless Integrated
Microsensing and Systems, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Science, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
| | - Jack C. Schultz
- College of Agriculture, Food,
and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 E. Rollins Road, Columbia, Missouri,
65211, United States
| | - Heidi M. Appel
- College of Agriculture, Food,
and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 E. Rollins Road, Columbia, Missouri,
65211, United States
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, University of Michigan, 1101
Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
- Center for Wireless Integrated
Microsensing and Systems, University of Michigan, 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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18
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Groskreutz SR, Swenson MM, Secor LB, Stoll DR. Selective comprehensive multi-dimensional separation for resolution enhancement in high performance liquid chromatography. Part I: Principles and instrumentation. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1228:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Selective comprehensive multidimensional separation for resolution enhancement in high performance liquid chromatography. Part II: Applications. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1228:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Carr P, Davis J, Rutan S, Stoll D. Principles of Online Comprehensive Multidimensional Liquid Chromatography. ADVANCES IN CHROMATOGRAPHY 2012; 50:139-235. [DOI: 10.1201/b11636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Trudgett MJ, Guiochon G, Shalliker RA. Theoretical description of a new analytical technique: Comprehensive online multidimensional fast Fourier transform separations. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3545-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Huang Y, Gu H, Filgueira M, Carr PW. An experimental study of sampling time effects on the resolving power of on-line two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2984-94. [PMID: 21489543 PMCID: PMC3132878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The experimental effects of sampling time on the resolving power of on-line LC×LC were investigated. The first dimension gradient time ((1)t(g)) and sampling time (t(s)) were systematically varied ((1)t(g)=5, 12, 24 and 49 min; t(s)=6, 12, 21 and 40s). The resolving power of on-line LC×LC was evaluated in terms of two metrics namely the numbers of observed peaks and the effective 2D peak capacities obtained in separations of extracts of maize seeds. The maximum effective peak capacity and number of observed peaks of LC×LC were achieved at sampling times between 12 and 21s, at all first dimension gradient times. In addition, both metrics showed that the "crossover" time at which fully optimized 1DLC and LC×LC have equal resolving power varied somewhat with sampling time but is only about 5 min for sampling times of 12 and 21s. The longest crossover time was obtained when the sampling time was 6s. Furthermore, increasing the first dimension gradient time gave large improvements in the resolving power of LC×LC relative to 1DLC. Finally, comparisons of the corrected and effective 2D peak capacities as well as the number of peaks observed showed that the impact of the coverage factor is quite significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Marcelo Filgueira
- Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Univ Nacl La Plata, Div Quim Analit, Fac Ciencias Exactas, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Peter W. Carr
- Department of Chemistry, Smith and Kolthoff Halls, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455
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23
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Tyihák E, Mincsovics E. Forced-flow planar liquid chromatographic techniques (after twenty-two years). JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.23.2010.6.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Potts LW, Stoll DR, Li X, Carr PW. The impact of sampling time on peak capacity and analysis speed in on-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5700-9. [PMID: 20673902 PMCID: PMC2933795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2DLC) offers a number of practical advantages over optimized one-dimensional LC in peak capacity and thus in resolving power. The traditional "product rule" for overall peak capacity for a 2DLC system significantly overestimates peak capacity because it neglects under-sampling of the first dimension separation. Here we expand on previous work by more closely examining the effects of the first dimension peak capacity and gradient time, and the second dimension cycle times on the overall peak capacity of the 2DLC system. We also examine the effects of re-equilibration time on under-sampling as measured by the under-sampling factor and the influence of molecular type (peptide vs. small molecule) on peak capacity. We show that in fast 2D separations (less than 1h), the second dimension is more important than the first dimension in determining overall peak capacity and conclude that extreme measures to enhance the first dimension peak capacity are usually unwarranted. We also examine the influence of sample types (small molecules vs. peptides) on second dimension peak capacity and peak capacity production rates, and how the sample type influences optimum second dimension gradient and re-equilibration times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence W Potts
- Department of Chemistry, Gustavus Adolphus College, Saint Peter, MN 56082, USA.
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25
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Fairchild JN, Walworth MJ, Horváth K, Guiochon G. Correlation between peak capacity and protein sequence coverage in proteomics analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:4779-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2009] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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26
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Horvatovich P, Hoekman B, Govorukhina N, Bischoff R. Multidimensional chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in analysing complex proteomics samples. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:1421-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Horvatovich
- Analytical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Berend Hoekman
- Analytical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Govorukhina
- Analytical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Analytical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Recent progress in online, comprehensive two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography for non-proteomic applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:979-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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