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Jedynak P, Siroux V, Broséus L, Tost J, Busato F, Gabet S, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Lyon-Caen S, Bayat S, Slama R, Philippat C, Lepeule J. Epigenetic footprints: Investigating placental DNA methylation in the context of prenatal exposure to phenols and phthalates. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 189:108763. [PMID: 38824843 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as phthalates and phenols can affect placental functioning and fetal health, potentially via epigenetic modifications. We investigated the associations between pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols and phthalates estimated from repeated urine sampling and genome wide placental DNA methylation. METHODS The study is based on 387 women with placental DNA methylation assessed with Infinium MethylationEPIC arrays and with 7 phenols, 13 phthalates, and two non-phthalate plasticizer metabolites measured in pools of urine samples collected twice during pregnancy. We conducted an exploratory analysis on individual CpGs (EWAS) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) as well as a candidate analysis focusing on 20 previously identified CpGs. Sex-stratified analyses were also performed. RESULTS In the exploratory analysis, when both sexes were studied together no association was observed in the EWAS. In the sex-stratified analysis, 114 individual CpGs (68 in males, 46 in females) were differentially methylated, encompassing 74 genes (36 for males and 38 for females). We additionally identified 28 DMRs in the entire cohort, 40 for females and 42 for males. Associations were mostly positive (for DMRs: 93% positive associations in the entire cohort, 60% in the sex-stratified analysis), with the exception of several associations for bisphenols and DINCH metabolites that were negative. Biomarkers associated with most DMRs were parabens, DEHP, and DiNP metabolite concentrations. Some DMRs encompassed imprinted genes including APC (associated with parabens and DiNP metabolites), GNAS (bisphenols), ZIM2;PEG3;MIMT1 (parabens, monoethyl phthalate), and SGCE;PEG10 (parabens, DINCH metabolites). Terms related to adiposity, lipid and glucose metabolism, and cardiovascular function were among the enriched phenotypes associated with differentially methylated CpGs. The candidate analysis identified one CpG mapping to imprinted LGALS8 gene, negatively associated with ethylparaben. CONCLUSIONS By combining improved exposure assessment and extensive placental epigenome coverage, we identified several novel genes associated with the exposure, possibly in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jedynak
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucile Broséus
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Florence Busato
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Stephan Gabet
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France; Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), 59000 Lille, France
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institue of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amrit K Sakhi
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institue of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Tran-Lam TT, Thi Phung AT, Thi Pham P, Quang Bui M, Hai Dao Y, Truong Le G. Occurrence, biomagnification, and risk assessment of parabens and their metabolites in marine fish: The case study of Vietnam. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140221. [PMID: 37741370 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Parabens have emerged as the primary preservative of choice in numerous consumer goods, prompting growing apprehension regarding their potential for human exposure. The study employed the optimized QuEChERs sample extraction method and the UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS system to generate the initial contamination profiles of seven parabens and their four metabolites in a total of 114 fish samples found along the coastline of Vietnam. The findings of the study indicated that methylparaben was the predominant substance detected, exhibiting the highest concentration in the largehead hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus) species at 32.8 ng g-1 dry weight (dw). Additionally, the metabolites with the highest detectable concentrations in the largehead hairtail were found to be 4-HB and 3,4-DHB, with levels of 8822.0 ng g-1 dw and 3490.8 ng g-1 dw, respectively. Besides, the study reveals notable variations in paraben concentrations across three distinct regions in Vietnam, namely the Central, North, and South (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.05). The trophic magnification factors (TMF) for methylparaben, ethylparaben, ethyl protocatechuate, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid exhibited values exceeding 1, indicating substantial biomagnification of these substances within the marine food web of Vietnam. Additionally, noteworthy positive associations have been observed between methylparaben and ethylparaben, as well as their respective metabolites. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that there is no direct impact of seafood consumption on human health in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Thien Tran-Lam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam; Institute of Mechanics and Applied Informatics, VAST, 291 Dien Bien Phu, Ward 7, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh-Tuyet Thi Phung
- Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam; Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong Thi Pham
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Quang Bui
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Yen Hai Dao
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam.
| | - Giang Truong Le
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
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Contini T, Béranger R, Multigner L, Klánová J, Price EJ, David A. A Critical Review on the Opportunity to Use Placenta and Innovative Biomonitoring Methods to Characterize the Prenatal Chemical Exposome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15301-15313. [PMID: 37796725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Adverse effects associated with chemical exposures during pregnancy include several developmental and reproductive disorders. However, considering the tens of thousands of chemicals present on the market, the effects of chemical mixtures on the developing fetus is still likely underestimated. In this critical review, we discuss the potential to apply innovative biomonitoring methods using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) on placenta to improve the monitoring of chemical exposure during pregnancy. The physiology of the placenta and its relevance as a matrix for monitoring chemical exposures and their effects on fetal health is first outlined. We then identify several key parameters that require further investigations before placenta can be used for large-scale monitoring in a robust manner. Most critical is the need for standardization of placental sampling. Placenta is a highly heterogeneous organ, and knowledge of the intraplacenta variability of chemical composition is required to ensure unbiased and robust interindividual comparisons. Other important variables include the time of collection, the sex of the fetus, and mode of delivery. Finally, we discuss the first applications of HRMS methods on the placenta to decipher the chemical exposome and describe how the use of placenta can complement biofluids collected on the mother or the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Contini
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rémi Béranger
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elliott J Price
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Sunyer-Caldú A, Peiró A, Díaz M, Ibáñez L, Gil-Solsona R, Gago-Ferrero P, Silvia Diaz-Cruz M. Target analysis and suspect screening of UV filters, parabens and other chemicals used in personal care products in human cord blood: Prenatal exposure by mother-fetus transfer. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107834. [PMID: 36893631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to certain organic chemicals like pesticides and phenols has been lifelong associated with birth outcomes and health disorders. Many personal care product (PCP) ingredients have similar properties or structures to those chemicals. Previous studies have documented the occurrence of UV filters (UVFs) and paraben preservatives (PBs) in the placenta, but observational studies concerning PCPs chemicals and foetal exposure are particularly scarce. Thus, this work aimed to assess the presence of a wide range of PCPs chemicals using target and suspect screening in the umbilical cord blood of new born babies to evaluate their potential transfer to the fetus. To do so, we analysed 69 umbilical cord blood plasma samples from a mother-child cohort from Barcelona (Spain). We quantified 8 benzophenone-type UVFs and their metabolites, and 4 PBs using validated analytical methodologies based on target screening using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Then, we screened for additional 3246 substances using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and advanced suspect analysis strategies. Six UVFs and three parabens were detected in the plasma with frequencies between 1.4% and 17.4% and concentrations up to 53.3 ng/mL (benzophenone-2). Thirteen additional chemicals were tentatively identified in the suspect screening, and ten were further confirmed with the corresponding standards. Among them, we found the organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, the chelating agent 8-hydroxyquinoline, and the antioxidant 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), which have been demonstrated to display reproductive toxicity. UVFs and PBs presence in the umbilical cord blood demonstrates mother-fetus transfer through the placental barrier and prenatal exposure to these PCPs chemicals, which may lead to adverse effects in the early stages of fetal development. Considering the small cohort used in this study, the reported results should be interpreted as a preliminary reference for the background umbilical cord transfer levels of the target PCPs chemicals. Further research is needed to determine the long-term consequences of prenatal exposure to PCPs chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Sunyer-Caldú
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research - Severo Ochoa Excellence Center (IDAEA), Spanish Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amelia Peiró
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research - Severo Ochoa Excellence Center (IDAEA), Spanish Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Díaz
- Endocrinology, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Pg. Sant Joan de Déu, 2, E-08950 Esplugues (Barcelona), Spain; CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ibáñez
- Endocrinology, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Pg. Sant Joan de Déu, 2, E-08950 Esplugues (Barcelona), Spain; CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Gil-Solsona
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research - Severo Ochoa Excellence Center (IDAEA), Spanish Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Gago-Ferrero
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research - Severo Ochoa Excellence Center (IDAEA), Spanish Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Silvia Diaz-Cruz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research - Severo Ochoa Excellence Center (IDAEA), Spanish Council of Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Yan Y, Guo F, Liu K, Ding R, Wang Y. The effect of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on placental development. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1059854. [PMID: 36896182 PMCID: PMC9989293 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1059854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) or endocrine disruptors are substances that are either naturally occurring or artificial and are released into the natural environment. Humans are exposed to EDCs through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Many everyday household items, such as plastic bottles and containers, the liners of metal food cans, detergents, flame retardants, food, gadgets, cosmetics, and pesticides, contain endocrine disruptors. Each hormone has a unique chemical makeup and structural attributes. The way that endocrine hormones connect to receptors is described as a "lock and key" mechanism, with each hormone serving as the key (lock). This mechanism is enabled by the complementary shape of receptors to their hormone, which allows the hormone to activate the receptors. EDCs are described as exogenous chemicals or compounds that have a negative impact on organisms' health by interacting with the functioning of the endocrine system. EDCs are associated with cancer, cardiovascular risk, behavioural disorders, autoimmune abnormalities, and reproductive disorders. EDCs exposure in humans is highly harmful during critical life stages. Nonetheless, the effect of EDCs on the placenta is often underestimated. The placenta is especially sensitive to EDCs due to its abundance of hormone receptors. In this review, we evaluated the most recent data on the effects of EDCs on placental development and function, including heavy metals, plasticizers, pesticides, flame retardants, UV filters and preservatives. The EDCs under evaluation have evidence from human biomonitoring and are found in nature. Additionally, this study indicates important knowledge gaps that will direct future research on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengjun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rixin Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Changchun Central Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yichao Wang,
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UV-B Filter Octylmethoxycinnamate Is a Modulator of the Serotonin and Histamine Receptors in Human Umbilical Arteries. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051054. [PMID: 35625791 PMCID: PMC9139053 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Every day, people use personal care products containing UV filters. Although their use initially showed a protective role, toxicity is a concern for human health as several UV filters are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Exposure to EDCs may induce cardiovascular diseases and can affect the health of sensitive people, such as pregnant women. Currently, the world’s most widely used UV-B filter is octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC), an EDC. However, the disruptive effects on pregnant women are little known. The present work proposed to understand how long-term exposure to OMC affects vascular homeostasis. Endothelium-denuded human umbilical artery (HUA) rings were incubated in an organ bath system. Long-term effects of exposure to OMC (0.001–50 μmol/L) were evaluated on the contractile responses of HUA to the application of the contractile agents, serotonin (5-HT) and histamine (Hist). To investigate in more detail the vascular mode of action of OMC, through which it impairs the vascular homeostasis of HUA, the activity and expression of different 5-HT and Hist-receptors involved in contractility processes were studied. Our findings pointed out an increase in the reactivity of HUA to 5-HT and Hist due to OMC exposure. These alterations in reactivity may be precursors of preeclampsia development and/or gestational hypertension.
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Analytical strategies to profile the internal chemical exposome and the metabolome of human placenta. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1219:339983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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The Impact of Oxidative Stress of Environmental Origin on the Onset of Placental Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010106. [PMID: 35052610 PMCID: PMC8773163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in placental development; however, abnormal loads in oxidative stress molecules may overwhelm the placental defense mechanisms and cause pathological situations. The environment in which the mother evolves triggers an exposure of the placental tissue to chemical, physical, and biological agents of OS, with potential pathological consequences. Here we shortly review the physiological and developmental functions of OS in the placenta, and present a series of environmental pollutants inducing placental oxidative stress, for which some insights regarding the underlying mechanisms have been proposed, leading to a recapitulation of the noxious effects of OS of environmental origin upon the human placenta.
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Reimann B, Vrijens K, Roels HA, Wang C, Cosemans C, Van Overmeire I, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. In utero exposure to parabens and early childhood BMI z-scores - Associations between placental ethyl paraben, longitudinal BMI trajectories and cord blood metabolic biomarkers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106845. [PMID: 34474324 PMCID: PMC8484768 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parabens are used as antimicrobial preservatives in personal care products. Few studies have dealt with adverse health outcomes, transplacental transfer, and obesogenic effects of prenatal exposure to parabens. We examined the association between placental paraben levels and cord blood metabolic biomarkers, considering modulating effects of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and underlying epigenetic mechanisms, and investigated longitudinal effects of in utero paraben exposure on early childhood trajectories of BMI z-scores. METHODS Placental concentrations of four parabens [methyl (MeP), ethyl (EtP), propyl (PrP), and butyl (BuP)] were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in 229 placentas of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort. The association with cord blood metabolic biomarkers [glucose, insulin, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), high-density and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL)] was analyzed in multiple regression models with two different sets of, a priori selected potential confounders, additionally stratified for different maternal BMI groups and assessed by causal mediation analysis. The association between placental paraben concentration and differential DNA methylation of CpGs annotated to GGT and longitudinal measurements of BMI z-scores were investigated with adjusted linear mixed models. RESULTS The geometric means of placental MeP, EtP, PrP, and BuP levels above the limit of detection (LOD) were 4.42, 1.32, 1.51, and 0.35 ng/g respectively, with only EtP showing sufficient (88%) measurements above LOD for further analyses. An interquartile ratio (IQR) increase in placental EtP was associated with an increase of 12.61 % (95% CI: 1.80 24.57) in the geometric mean of cord GGT activity, and with a decrease of -3.64 % (95% CI: -6.80 to -0.39) in the geometric mean of cord glucose. Placental EtP levels were significantly associated with hypermethylation of cg08612779 annotated to GGT7 after correcting for multiple testing (ß = 0.0017, p = 0.049). An interquartile ratio (IQR) increment in placental EtP was associated with a decrease in longitudinal BMI z-score of 0.27 points (95% CI: -0.46 to -0.088). CONCLUSION Prenatal EtP exposure may affect early childhood BMI. The association of placental EtP with cord blood GGT and glucose levels provides a starting point for further research on mechanisms of paraben-related metabolic processes in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Reimann
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Karen Vrijens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Harry A Roels
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van Overmeire
- Sciensano, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health, Environment & Health Unit, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Jedynak P, Tost J, Calafat AM, Bourova-Flin E, Busato F, Forhan A, Heude B, Jakobi M, Rousseaux S, Schwartz J, Slama R, Vaiman D, Philippat C, Lepeule J. Pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols and placental DNA methylation - An epigenome-wide association study in male infants from the EDEN cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118024. [PMID: 34523531 PMCID: PMC8590835 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In utero exposure to environmental chemicals, such as synthetic phenols, may alter DNA methylation in different tissues, including placenta - a critical organ for fetal development. We studied associations between prenatal urinary biomarker concentrations of synthetic phenols and placental DNA methylation. Our study involved 202 mother-son pairs from the French EDEN cohort. Nine phenols were measured in spot urine samples collected between 22 and 29 gestational weeks. We performed DNA methylation analysis of the fetal side of placental tissues using the IlluminaHM450 BeadChips. We evaluated methylation changes of individual CpGs in an adjusted epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) and identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We performed mediation analysis to test whether placental tissue heterogeneity mediated the association between urinary phenol concentrations and DNA methylation. We identified 46 significant DMRs (≥5 CpGs) associated with triclosan (37 DMRs), 2,4-dichlorophenol (3), benzophenone-3 (3), methyl- (2) and propylparaben (1). All but 2 DMRs were positively associated with phenol concentrations. Out of the 46 identified DMRs, 7 (6 for triclosan) encompassed imprinted genes (APC, FOXG1, GNAS, GNASAS, MIR886, PEG10, SGCE), which represented a significant enrichment. Other identified DMRs encompassed genes encoding proteins responsible for cell signaling, transmembrane transport, cell adhesion, inflammatory, apoptotic and immunological response, genes encoding transcription factors, histones, tumor suppressors, genes involved in tumorigenesis and several cancer risk biomarkers. Mediation analysis suggested that placental cell heterogeneity may partly explain these associations. This is the first study describing the genome-wide modifications of placental DNA methylation associated with pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols or their precursors. Our results suggest that cell heterogeneity might mediate the effects of triclosan exposure on placental DNA methylation. Additionally, the enrichment of imprinted genes within the DMRs suggests mechanisms by which certain exposures, mainly to triclosan, could affect fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jedynak
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ekaterina Bourova-Flin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, EpiMed Group, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Florence Busato
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Anne Forhan
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Milan Jakobi
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Rousseaux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, EpiMed Group, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- Genomics, Epigenetics and Physiopathology of Reproduction, Institut Cochin, U1016 Inserm - UMR 8104 CNRS - Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Fetoplacental vasculature as a model to study human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:101054. [PMID: 34839931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has associated the exposure of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the cardiovascular (CV) system. This exposure is particularly problematic in a sensitive window of development, pregnancy. Pregnancy exposome can affect the overall health of the pregnancy by dramatic changes in vascular physiology and endocrine activity, increasing maternal susceptibility. Moreover, fetoplacental vascular function is generally altered, increasing the risk of developing pregnancy complications (including cardiovascular diseases, CVD) and predisposing the foetus to adverse health risks later in life. Thus, our review summarizes the existing literature on exposures to EDCs during pregnancy and adverse maternal health outcomes, focusing on the human placenta, vein, and umbilical artery associated with pregnancy complications. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of fetoplacental vasculature as a model for the study of human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Therefore, we emphasize that the placenta, together with the umbilical arteries and veins, allows a better characterization of the pregnant woman's exposome. Consequently, it contributes to the protection of the mother and foetus against CV disorders in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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12
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Andersen MHG, Zuri G, Knudsen LE, Mathiesen L. Placental transport of parabens studied using an ex-vivo human perfusion model. Placenta 2021; 115:121-128. [PMID: 34601208 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parabens are a group of chemicals widely used as preservatives in daily consumer products such as cosmetics, food items, pharmaceuticals and household commodities. They have been broadly detected in human samples indicating a general human exposure, and concerns arose from their potential endocrine disrupting effect. Especially the exposure to parabens during pregnancy is concerning, as the time of fetal development is a particularly vulnerable period. The aim of this study was to investigate the transport and metabolism of four commonly used parabens: methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butylparaben (MeP, EtP, PrP and BuP) and the metabolite para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) across the human placenta. METHODS An ex-vivo human placental perfusion model was used. The test compounds were added in the maternal compartment (with initial concentrations of 1 mM or 0.1 mM). Placental transport was evaluated by fetal-maternal concentration ratios (FM-ratio), transport index (TI) and indicative permeability (IP). RESULTS Information about parabens kinetics was taken from 10 perfusions and PHBA from 7 perfusions. Paraben metabolism was not detected. The placental transport of MeP, EtP, PrP, BuP and PHBA revealed a transfer from maternal to fetal circulations with FM120 of 0.86 ± 0.27 (MeP), 0.98 ± 0.28 (EtP), 1.00 ± 0.28 (PrP), 1.12 ± 0.59 (BuP) and 0.82 ± 0.37 (PHBA). The test substances accumulated in the perfused tissue in some degree. The average kinetic parameters FM-ratio, TI and IP were not different between chemicals. DISCUSSION The present study shows that the placenta barrier is permeable to all four parabens and the metabolite, which implies potential fetal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helena Guerra Andersen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-1014, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Giuseppina Zuri
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth E Knudsen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Line Mathiesen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Narloch I, Wejnerowska G. An Overview of the Analytical Methods for the Determination of Organic Ultraviolet Filters in Cosmetic Products and Human Samples. Molecules 2021; 26:4780. [PMID: 34443367 PMCID: PMC8400378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
UV filters are a group of compounds commonly used in different cosmetic products to absorb UV radiation. They are classified into a variety of chemical groups, such as benzophenones, salicylates, benzotriazoles, cinnamates, p-aminobenzoates, triazines, camphor derivatives, etc. Different tests have shown that some of these chemicals are absorbed through the skin and metabolised or bioaccumulated. These processes can cause negative health effects, including mutagenic and cancerogenic ones. Due to the absence of official monitoring protocols, there is an increased number of analytical methods that enable the determination of those compounds in cosmetic samples to ensure user safety, as well as in biological fluids and tissues samples, to obtain more information regarding their behaviour in the human body. This review aimed to show and discuss the published studies concerning analytical methods for the determination of organic UV filters in cosmetic and biological samples. It focused on sample preparation, analytical techniques, and analytical performance (limit of detection, accuracy, and repeatability).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grażyna Wejnerowska
- Department of Food Analysis and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Lorigo M, Quintaneiro C, Maia CJ, Breitenfeld L, Cairrao E. UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate impaired the main vasorelaxant mechanism of human umbilical artery. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130302. [PMID: 33789217 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Personal care products (PCPs) are a group of diverse substances widely used daily for health, beauty, and cleanliness. More than 90% of all PCPs contain the UV-B filter octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC) as a protective function, however, their safety has recently been questioned. The purpose of the present work was to understand how the long-term exposure of UV-filter OMC, used daily by pregnant women, disrupts their vascular homeostasis, altering vascular responses of proteins and channels involved in contractile processes. The long-term effects of 24 h of exposure to OMC (1, 10, and 50 μmol/L) were evaluated on contractile responses of human umbilical arteries (HUA) to serotonin and potassium chloride. Since OMC altered vascular homeostasis of arteries, its vascular mode of action was explored in more detail through the analysis of the activity of cGMP and Ca2+-channels, two pathways involved in their relaxation and contraction, respectively. Our findings showed that long-term exposure of UV-filter OMC impaired the main vasorelaxant mechanism of HUA, once OMC altered the vasorelaxant response pattern of sodium nitroprusside and nifedipine. Results also showed that long-term exposure to OMC induced a decreased vasorelaxation response on HUA due to an interference with the NO/sGC/cGMP/PKG pathway. Moreover, OMC seems to modulate the L-type Ca2+ channels, the BKCa 1.1 α-subunit channels, and the PKG. Overall, since OMC compromises the vascular homeostasis of pregnant women it can be an inductor of pregnancy hypertensive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Carla Quintaneiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cláudio J Maia
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Luiza Breitenfeld
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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15
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Matwiejczuk N, Galicka A, Brzóska MM. Review of the safety of application of cosmetic products containing parabens. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 40:176-210. [PMID: 31903662 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetics are a source of lifetime exposure to various substances including parabens, being the most popular synthetic preservatives. Because the use of cosmetics shows an increasing trend and some adverse health outcomes of parabens present in these products have been reported, the present review focused on the safety of dermal application of these compounds. Special attention has been paid to the absorption of parabens and their retention in the human body in the intact form, as well as to their toxicological characteristics. Particular emphasis has been placed on the estrogenic potential of parabens. Based on the available published data of the concentrations of parabens in various kinds of cosmetics, the average ranges of systemic exposure dose (SED) for methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben have been calculated. Safety evaluations [margin of safety (MoS)] for these compounds, based on their aggregate exposure, have also been performed. Moreover, evidence for the negative impact of methylparaben on skin cells has been provided, and the main factors that may intensify dermal absorption of parabens and their impact on the skin have been described. Summarizing, the use of single cosmetics containing parabens should not pose a hazard for human health; however, using excessive quantities of cosmetic preparations containing these compounds may lead to the development of unfavorable health outcomes. Due to the real risk of estrogenic effects, as a result of exposure to parabens in cosmetics, simultaneous use of many cosmetic products containing these preservatives should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Matwiejczuk
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Galicka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Fernández MF, Mustieles V, Suárez B, Reina-Pérez I, Olivas-Martinez A, Vela-Soria F. Determination of bisphenols, parabens, and benzophenones in placenta by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129707. [PMID: 33545592 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is of particular concern during development. Bisphenols, parabens, and benzophenones are EDCs widely used in the manufacture of numerous goods, personal care products, and cosmetics. The aim of this study was to develop a new and practical method for determining three bisphenols, four parabens, and five benzophenones in placenta samples. It uses dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) in combination with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Several chemometric approaches were employed to optimize the experimental parameters. Limits of detection ranged from 0.04 to 0.08 ng g-1 and inter-day variabilities (evaluated as relative standard deviation) from 4.2% to 13.4%. The method was validated using matrix-matched standard calibration followed by a recovery assay with spiked samples. Recovery percentages ranged from 87.1% to 113.2%. Finally, the method was used to measure target compounds in 20 placental tissue samples from voluntary donors. This analytical procedure can provide information on the exposure of the fetus to non-persistent EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - V Mustieles
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - B Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - I Reina-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - A Olivas-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - F Vela-Soria
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Determination of Intact Parabens in the Human Plasma of Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients Using a Validated Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Method with UV Detection. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061526. [PMID: 33799523 PMCID: PMC8002076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parabens have been widely employed as preservatives since the 1920s for extending the shelf life of foodstuffs, medicines, and daily care products. Given the fact that there are some legitimate concerns related to their potential multiple endocrine-disrupting properties, the development of novel bioanalytical methods for their biomonitoring is crucial. In this study, a fabric phase sorptive extraction reversed-phase liquid chromatography method coupled with UV detection (FPSE-HPLC-UV) was developed and validated for the quantitation of seven parabens in human plasma samples. Chromatographic separation of the seven parabens and p-hydroxybenzoic acid was achieved on a semi-micro Spherisorb ODS1 analytical column under isocratic elution using a mobile phase containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid and 66% 49 mM ammonium formate aqueous solution in acetonitrile at flow rate 0.25 mL min−1 with a 24-min run time for each sample. The method was linear at a concentration range of 20 to 500 ng mL−1 for the seven parabens under study in human plasma samples. The efficiency of the method was proven with the analysis of 20 human plasma samples collected from women subjected to breast cancer surgery and to reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery. The highest quantitation rates in human plasma samples from cancerous cases were found for methylparaben and isobutylparaben with average plasma concentrations at 77 and 112.5 ng mL−1. The high concentration levels detected agree with previous findings for some of the parabens and emphasize the need for further epidemiological research on the possible health effects of the use of these compounds.
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UV-B Filter Octylmethoxycinnamate Alters the Vascular Contractility Patterns in Pregnant Women with Hypothyroidism. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020115. [PMID: 33530401 PMCID: PMC7912698 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence relating the exposure and/or bioaccumulation of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) with cardiovascular system are arising. Octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC) is the most widely used UV-B filter and as EDC interacts with TH receptors. However, their effects on thyroid diseases during pregnancy remain unknown. The purpose of this work was to assess the short- and long-term effects of OMC on arterial tonus of pregnant women with hypothyroidism. To elucidate this, human umbilical artery (HUA) rings without endothelium were used to explore the vascular effects of OMC by arterial and cellular experiments. The binding energy and the modes of interaction of the OMC into the active center of the TSHR and THRα were analyzed by molecular docking studies. Our results indicated that OMC altered the contractility patterns of HUA contracted with serotonin, histamine and KCl, possibly due to an interference with serotonin and histamine receptors or an involvement of the Ca2+ channels. The molecular docking analysis show that OMC compete with T3 for the binding center of THRα. Taken together, these findings pointed out to alterations in HUA reactivity as result of OMC-exposure, which may be involved in the development and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Ultrasound-Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection for Determining UV Filters in Cosmetics and the Human Stratum Corneum. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204642. [PMID: 33053784 PMCID: PMC7587185 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the amounts of common chemical ultraviolet (UV) filters (i.e., avobenzone, bemotrizinol, ethylhexyl triazone, octocrylene, and octyl methoxycinnamate) in cosmetics and the human stratum corneum. An ultrasound–vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (US–VA–DLLME) method with a high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector was used to analyze UV filters. A bio-derived solvent (i.e., anisole) was used as the extractant in the US–VA–DLLME procedure, along with methanol as the dispersant, a vortexing time of 4 min, and ultrasonication for 3 min. The mass-transfer rate of the extraction process was enhanced due to vortex-ultrasound combination. Various C18 end-capped columns were used to investigate the separation characteristics of the UV filters, with XBridge BEH or CORTECS selected as the separation column. Calibration curves were constructed in the 0.05–5 μg/mL (all filters except octocrylene) and 0.1–10 μg/mL (octocrylene) ranges, and excellent analytical linearities with coefficients of determination (r2) above 0.998. The developed method was successfully used to analyze sunscreen. Moreover, experiments were designed to simulate the sunscreen-usage habits of consumers, and the cup method was used to extract UV filters from the human stratum corneum. The results suggest that a makeup remover should be employed to remove water-in-oil sunscreens from skin.
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20
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Song S, He Y, Huang Y, Huang X, Guo Y, Zhu H, Kannan K, Zhang T. Occurrence and transfer of benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters from the pregnant women to fetuses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138503. [PMID: 32320878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone (BP)-type ultraviolet (UV) filters are widely used in personal care products. Some of them have been identified as endocrine disrupting chemicals. However, little is known about the occurrence of BP-type UV filters in paired maternal-fetal samples. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of eight BP-type UV filters in paired maternal-fetal samples collected from Southern China. Among target analytes, only benzophenone-3 (BP-3) was frequently (detection rate > 80%) detected in maternal-fetal samples, i.e., maternal serum (MS), cord serum (CS), maternal urine (MU) and amniotic fluid (AF). BP-3 was the dominant compound in MS (median: 0.14 ng/mL), CS (0.16) and AF (0.12); whereas MU was dominated by benzophenone-1 (BP-1, 2.85). The median CS/MS ratios (i.e., placental transfer rates) of 4-hydroxy benzophenone (4-OH-BP, 2.35), BP-1 (1.52), benzophenone-4 (BP-4, 1.06), and BP-3 (1.03) were higher than 1.0, suggesting that exposure levels of these chemicals in fetuses were greater than those in mothers. Significant positive correlations (r = 0.667, p < 0.001) of BP-3 concentrations were found between MS and CS, which suggested that MS could be an indicator of fetal exposure to BP-3. Furthermore, the CS/MS ratios of 4-OH-BP, BP-1, BP-3, and benzophenone-8 (BP-8) increased with decreasing molecular weight or log Kow. Passive diffusion may play an important role in placental transfer of these BP type UV filters. The MU/MSBP-3 ratio (5.86) was relatively higher than that of MU/MSBP-1 (0.89), which indicated that BP-3 excretes rapidly in urine. The present study documents the occurrence of eight BP-type UV filters in matched MS, CS, MU and AF samples for the first time in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuan He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yingyan Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiongfei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuankai Guo
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY10016, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY10016, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China.
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Zhang YF, Wang Y, Zhang KR, Lei HM, Tang YB, Zhu L. Development and validation of a rapid, robust and sensitive UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of GSH metabolism in lung cancer cells. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1148:122145. [PMID: 32434102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cellular metabolism accompany tumor therapeutic resistance. Metabolite concentrations specifically reflect the cellular state. Glutathione (GSH) metabolism maintains the redox homeostasis while also confers therapeutic resistance to cancer cells. However, analytical methods for studying GSH metabolism rely on high-resolution-based untargeted metabolomics. Since the aim of untargeted metabolomics studies is covering as much metabolites as possible, these methods lack sensitivity for simultaneous analysis of intracellular GSH-related metabolites with different polarities and structures. In this study, based on cultured lung cancer cells, we described a rapid, robust and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrographic method (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) to simultaneously quantify a repertoire of GSH-related metabolites, including GSH, GSSG, glycine, cysteine, glutamine, glutamate, cystine, γ-glutamyl-cysteine and cysteinyl-glycine. This method avoided the use of derivatization and/or ion-pairing reagents and was validated according to United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) criteria. The lower limit of quantification was determined to be 0.5-100 ng/mL with lower limits of detection at 0.14-10.07 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision values for all the analytes were <15% CV, and the accuracy ranged from 85.4% to 114% at three levels of quality control. This method combined simple preparation with rapid analytical procedure (8 min), allowed for high-throughput analysis of GSH metabolism in basic and therapeutic treatment conditions within cultured cells. Our data showed a significant alteration of GSH metabolism in two independent resistant cells compared to sensitive cells. This method monitored the impact of molecularly targeted drugs on GSH metabolism within lung cancer cells and therefore helped identifying potential metabolic vulnerability for the therapeutic resistance in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ke-Ren Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hui-Min Lei
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ya-Bin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Mokhtari M, Hamaizi H, Gil García M, Martínez Galera M. Synthesis and characterization of a sulfonic species-based mesoporous sorbent for the pre-concentration of nine personal care products in wastewater and swimming pool water. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dairkee SH, Luciani-Torres G, Moore DH, Jaffee IM, Goodson WH. A Ternary Mixture of Common Chemicals Perturbs Benign Human Breast Epithelial Cells More Than the Same Chemicals Do Individually. Toxicol Sci 2019; 165:131-144. [PMID: 29846718 PMCID: PMC6135635 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a continuous source of hormonal stimulation, environmentally ubiquitous estrogenic chemicals, ie, xenoestrogens (XEs), are a potential risk factor for breast carcinogenesis. Given their wide distribution in the environment and the fact that bisphenol-A (BPA), methylparaben (MP), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are uniformly detected in unselected body fluid samples, it must be assumed that humans are simultaneously exposed to these chemicals almost daily. We studied the effects of a ternary mixture of BPA, MP, and PFOA on benign breast epithelial cells at the range of concentrations observed for single chemicals in human samples. Measurements of exposure impact relevant to the breast were based on endpoints associated with “hallmarks” of cancer and “key characteristics” of carcinogens. These included modulation of total estrogen receptor (ER)α, phosphorylated ERα (pERα), total ERβ, S-phase induction, and apoptotic evasion. Data from live cell measurements were fit to a log-linear dose-response model. Concentration-dependent reduction of ERβ and apoptosis evasion was observed concurrently with the induction of ERα, pERα, and S-phase fraction, and an increased rate of cell proliferation. Beyond additive effects predicted by the sum of individual test XEs, mixture treatment demonstrated synergism for the ERβ and apoptosis suppression phenotypes (p > .001). Nonmalignant breast cells were more sensitive than commonly used breast cancer lines to XE treatment in 3 of 5 endpoints. All observations were validated with cells isolated from the normal breast tissue of 14 individuals. At relatively low concentrations, a chemical mixture has striking effects on normal cell function that are missed by evaluation of single components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dan H Moore
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute
| | - Ian M Jaffee
- Department of Pathology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94107
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Yang C, Song G, Lim W. A mechanism for the effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals on placentation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:326-336. [PMID: 31132539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have shown that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the body of pregnant women can pass through the placenta and be exposed to the fetus, leading to fetal development and cognitive impairment. Placentation through invasion of trophoblast cells and vascular remodeling is essential to maintaining maternal and fetal health throughout the pregnancy. Abnormal placentation can lead to pregnancy disorders such as preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). However, many studies have not been conducted on whether EDCs can inhibit the development and function of the placenta. Isolating placental tissues to analyze the effect of EDCs on placentation has several limitations. In this review, we discussed the types of EDCs that can pass through the placental barrier and accumulate in the placenta with relative outcome. EDCs can be released from a variety of products including plasticizers, pesticides, and retardant. We also discussed the development and dysfunction of the placenta when EDCs were treated on trophoblast cells or pregnant rodent models. The effects of EDCs on the placenta of livestock are also discussed, together with the molecular mechanism of EDCs acting in trophoblast cells. We describe how EDCs cross the membrane of trophoblasts to regulate signaling pathways, causing genetic and epigenetic changes that lead to changes in cell viability and invasiveness. Further studies on the effects of EDCs on placenta may draw attention to the correct use of products containing EDCs during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Wang N, Hu X, Lu S, Ma S, Kang L, Liao S, Yu Y. Interrelationship of anthropogenic activity and parabens in fish from Taihu Lake during 2009-2017. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1002-1009. [PMID: 31252096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are alkyl esters widely used as preservatives in foodstuffs, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China. However, there is no information available on the occurrence of parabens in Taihu Lake. To investigate contamination of parabens in Taihu Lake and the influence of human activities on contamination levels, 199 fish samples, comprising five species, were collected from Taihu Lake from 2009 to 2017. Five parabens, including methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben (BuP), and benzylparaben (BeP), were quantitated using an isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method. The total concentrations of the five parabens ranged from 261 to 1710 pg/g wet weight (ww) with an average of 642 pg/g ww. The predominant compounds were MeP, EtP, and PrP, whose amounts accounted for more than 95% of the total amounts. No significant differences in the concentrations of parabens among the five fish species were observed, suggesting no interspecies differences in bioaccumulation of these compounds. Σ5parabens in fish showed temporal variations with the means ranging between 532 and 772 pg/g ww during years. The levels of parabens were generally consistent with the economic development and urbanization rates of the regions surrounding Taihu Lake. The "typical" and "high" estimated daily intake (EDI) of parabens were 0.53 and 0.91 ng/kg-bw/day for children, and 0.46 and 0.79 ng/kg-bw/day for adults based on calculations using the means and the 95th concentrations, respectively. The EDIs were much lower than the reference dose values, suggesting that there are no obvious health risks posed by fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xing Hu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li Kang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shicheng Liao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Klotz K, Hof K, Hiller J, Göen T, Drexler H. Quantification of prominent organic UV filters and their metabolites in human urine and plasma samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1125:121706. [PMID: 31302475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring human exposure to chemical UV filters is essential for an accurate assessment of the health risk caused by the resorbed compounds. We developed different procedures for the determination of the prominent UV filters octocrylene (OC), avobenzone (AVO) and 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS) as well as for two OC and EHS metabolites in human urine and OC, AVO and 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylic acid (CDAA) in plasma samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Since the development of a multi-method for all analytes proved to be difficult, three different procedures were established for the determination of AVO, OC and its metabolite CDAA in urine and plasma as well as for EHS and its metabolite 5-hydroxy-EHS in urine. The methods have been validated with good sensitivity, precision and accuracy. The procedures were satisfactorily applied to the determination of the target compounds in human samples collected from volunteers after sunscreen application. These new analytical procedures can provide information on the internal exposure to the UV filters OC, AVO and EHS, which has been little studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Klotz
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hof
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Hiller
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Göen
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Hans Drexler
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Van Overmeire I, Vrijens K, Nawrot T, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Van Loco J, Reyns T. Simultaneous determination of parabens, bisphenols and alkylphenols in human placenta by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1121:96-102. [PMID: 31136871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study presents de development and validation of an ultra- high performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of four parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butyl-paraben (MeP, EtP, PrP, BuP), four bisphenols (BP) (BPA, BPB, BPF, and BPS) and two alkylphenols (nonyl phenol (NP) and tert-octylphenol (OP) in human placenta samples. After a short sample preparation time the extracts are analysed by UHPLC-MS/MS using negative electrospray ionization. Labeled internal standards and matrix-matched calibration are used for quantification of the compounds. The method was validated according FDA guideline for bio analytical methods using spiked samples at three concentration levels (0.5-5 and 25 ng g-1). The parameters accuracy and precision fulfill the criteria. Calibration curves are linear between 0.5 and 50 ng -1. The limits of detection and quantification are in the range of 0.1-0.3 ng g-1 and 0.2-0.7 ng g-1, respectively. The applicability of the method was demonstrated on 71 human placenta samples from a Belgian cohort. The detection frequency was highest for OP (95%), EtP (86%), BPA (49%) and BPS (44%). Among the quantified compounds the highest quantification frequency was observed for OP (85%), EtP (65%) and BPA (25%). The concentrations of parabens ranged from 0.5 to 7.1 ng g-1 for MeP, from 0.5 to 4.5 ng g-1 for EtP and from 0.5 to 9.1 ng g-1 for PrP. The levels of bisphenols ranged from 0.5 to 3.9 ng g-1 for BPA, from 0.6 to 2.1 ng g-1 for BPF and from 0.8 to 1.3 ng g-1 for BPS. BPB and NP were not detected and OP levels ranged from 0.5 to 3.7 ng g g-1. The results demonstrate that the developed analytical method is very sensitive and that levels of several compounds with known /suspected endocrine disrupting properties could be detected or quantified in human placenta samples. The results therefore suggest that fetal exposure to these compounds occurs. The method will be useful for studies to evaluate the health effects associated with this prenatal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Vrijens
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health, Environment & Health Unit, Leuven University (KU Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Joris Van Loco
- Sciensano, Chemical and physical health risks, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim Reyns
- Sciensano, Chemical and physical health risks, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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UV-B Filter Octylmethoxycinnamate Induces Vasorelaxation by Ca 2+ Channel Inhibition and Guanylyl Cyclase Activation in Human Umbilical Arteries. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061376. [PMID: 30893788 PMCID: PMC6471535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) filters are chemicals widely used in personal care products (PCPs). Due to their effect as endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs), the toxicity of UV filters is a current concern for human health. EDC exposure may be correlated to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but to our knowledge, no studies assessed the UV filters effects as human EDCs at the vascular level. Octylmethoxycinnamate (OMC) is the world's most widely used UV-B filter, present in more than 90% of PCPs. Due to its demonstrated multiple hormonal activities in animal models, this substance is also suspected to be a human EDC. The purpose of this study was to assess the rapid/short-term effects of OMC on arterial tonus and analyse its mode of action (MOA). Using human umbilical arteries, the endocrine effects of OMC were evaluated in in vitro (cellular and organ) experiments by planar cell surface area (PCSA) and organ bath, respectively. Our data show that OMC induces a rapid/short-term smooth muscle relaxation acting through an endothelium-independent MOA, which seems to be shared with oestrogens, involving an activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) that increases the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) intracellular levels and an inhibition of L-type voltage-operated Ca2+ channels (L-Type VOCC).
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29
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Current direction and advances in analytical sample extraction techniques for drugs with special emphasis on bioanalysis. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:313-332. [PMID: 30663327 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Analytical techniques may not be compatible or sufficiently sensitive to the analytes, unless it undergoes a specific sample extraction procedure. Sample extraction can be considered as one of the key steps in analysis. Analysis of a poorly treated sample may produce inferior quality of analytical data. Continuous advancement and development of newer sample extraction techniques such as solid phase microextraction, ultrasound, magnetically and microwave assisted magnetic extraction; electro-membrane extraction and dried blood spotting are to address the shortcomings of the existing techniques and to provide more automation, minimizing preparation time and make them high throughput. This review summarizes the suitability of application of the advanced sample preparation techniques available for chemical and bioanalysis in a comprehensive manner. This review also provides a scientific guidance for selecting the appropriate sample extraction technique based on sample type.
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Zhong F, Zhang X, Li G, Tang Z, Han X, Cheng J. A new multistep purification method for simultaneously determining organic ultraviolet absorbents in fish tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 191:16. [PMID: 30539331 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
More information is required to improve our understanding of the presence of organic ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) in organisms and the risks posed to biota. Effective removal of lipids in the determination of UVAs in biological samples is a sample-processing bottleneck. In this study, we optimized a multistep purification method for fish tissue samples extracted using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. The purification method involved performing Florisil column chromatography, redissolving the extract in ethanol, and then performing dispersive solid-phase extraction using primary and secondary amine, Florisil, and C18 silica sorbents. The purified samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method was effective and reliable, and was used to detect trace concentrations (ng/g) of 12 UVAs in fish tissue samples. The mean recovery range of the UVAs in fish tissue extracts was 65.4-118%, and the method detection limit range was 0.20-2.50 ng/g dw. The validated method was used to analyze 12 UVAs in fish samples from a local supermarket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyong Zhong
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Agricultural Product Quality Safety Inspection and Testing Center of Huainan, Huainan, 232007, Anhui, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- China Merchants Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Zhenwu Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Xue Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jiali Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Pierson SA, Trujillo‐Rodríguez MJ, Anderson JL. Rapid analysis of ultraviolet filters using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to headspace gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3081-3088. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Kolatorova L, Vitku J, Hampl R, Adamcova K, Skodova T, Simkova M, Parizek A, Starka L, Duskova M. Exposure to bisphenols and parabens during pregnancy and relations to steroid changes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 163:115-122. [PMID: 29433019 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The harmful effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) on human health are generally well-known, and exposure during fetal development may have lasting effects. Fetal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been recently relatively well-studied; however, less is known about alternatives such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), which have started to appear in consumer products. Parabens are another widespread group of EDCs, with confirmed transplacental passage. The usage of many cosmetic, pharmaceutical and consumer products during the pregnancy that may contain parabens and bisphenols has led to the need for investigation. OBJECTIVES To shed more light into the transplacental transport of BPA, its alternatives, and parabens, and to study their relation to fetal steroidogenesis. METHODS BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben and 15 steroids including estrogens, corticoids, androgens and immunomodulatory ones were determined in 27 maternal (37th week of pregnancy) and cord plasma samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry methods. RESULTS In cord blood, significantly higher BPA levels (p=0.0455) were observed compared to maternal plasma. The results from multiple regression models showed that in cord blood, methylparaben (β=-0.027, p=0.027), propylparaben (β=-0.025, p=0.03) and the sum of all measured parabens (β=-0.037, p=0.015) were inversely associated with testosterone levels. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the simultaneous detection of BPA, alternative bisphenols, parabens and steroids in maternal and cord plasma. Our study confirmed the transplacental transport of BPA, with likely accumulation in the fetal compartment. The negative association of cord blood parabens and testosterone levels points to possible risks with respect to importance of testosterone for prenatal male development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Kolatorova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Vitku
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Richard Hampl
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Karolina Adamcova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Apolinarska 18, 128 51 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Skodova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Marketa Simkova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Antonin Parizek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Apolinarska 18, 128 51 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Luboslav Starka
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Duskova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
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An J, Anderson JL. Determination of UV filters in high ionic strength sample solutions using matrix-compatible coatings for solid-phase microextraction. Talanta 2018; 182:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Vela-Soria F, Iribarne-Durán L, Mustieles V, Jiménez-Díaz I, Fernández M, Olea N. QuEChERS and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of parabens and ultraviolet filters in human milk samples. J Chromatogr A 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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