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Liang CC, Zhang FQ, Chen J. Screening and characterization of cosmetic efficacy components of Terminalia chebula based on biological activity-guided methodology. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5974. [PMID: 39090681 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Terminalia chebula exhibits a high level of antioxidant capacity and is highly valued in medicine and cosmetics. However, its main efficacy and active ingredients related to antioxidant, whitening, and anti-aging are still unclear. In this study, the active site responsible for its cosmetic efficacy was specified by the biological activity-guided method and further characterized by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). T. chebula was ultrasonically extracted by five solvents, and 30% ethanol extract was screened out for subsequent purification by 1,1-D-iphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS), hydroxyl, and superoxide anion free radical scavenging assays. Five elution fractions were obtained by column chromatography on D101 macroporous adsorbent resin eluted by an increased proportion of ethanol. The 30% ethanol elution fraction was specified as the enrichment site of active ingredients showing good antioxidant capacity and potent inhibitory activity against tyrosinase and elastase. A total of 30 compounds were identified by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS in the 30% ethanol elution fraction, including 11 gallotannins, 14 ellagitannins, and 5 other compounds, and these compounds may be the key ingredients in cosmetics beneficial for the skin. Such a biological activity-guided method has provided a simple and rapid venue for specifying the components of medicinal herbs responsible for cosmetic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Cai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Chen T, He S, Zhang J, Wang H, Jia Y, Liu Y, Xie M, Cheng G. Effects of Ultra-High-Pressure Treatment on Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Free, Esterified and Bound Phenolics from Phyllanthus emblica L. Fruits. Molecules 2024; 29:3181. [PMID: 38999132 PMCID: PMC11243165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Phyllanthus emblica L. fruits (PEFs) were processed by ultra-pressure (UHP) treatment and then extracted by the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. The influence of UHP on the phenolic composition, enzyme inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of the free, esterified, and bound phenolic fractions from PEFs were compared. UHP pretreatment of PEFs significantly increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents (p < 0.05). A total of 24 chemical compositions were characterized in normal and UHP-treated PEFs by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS. Compared with normal PEFs, these three different phenolic fractions had stronger antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects on the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in H2O2-induced HepG2 cells (p < 0.05). The ROS inhibition might be due to an up-regulation of the expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities. In addition, these three different phenolic fractions also significantly inhibited the activities of metabolic enzymes, including α-glucosidase, α-amylase and pancreatic lipase. This work may provide some insights into the potential economics and applications of PEFs in food and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiming Chen
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuyue He
- Linyi Technician Institute, Linyi 276005, China;
| | - Jing Zhang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Huangxin Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yiqing Jia
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Mingjun Xie
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.J.); (Y.L.)
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Gościniak A, Rosiak N, Szymanowska D, Miklaszewski A, Cielecka-Piontek J. Prebiotic Systems Containing Anthocyanin-Rich Pomegranate Flower Extracts with Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effects. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:526. [PMID: 38675187 PMCID: PMC11054034 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate flower extract, rich in anthocyanins, demonstrates beneficial health-promoting properties such as an anti-diabetic and antioxidant effect, among others. However, the potential health-promoting properties may be hindered by the low stability of anthocyanins. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess whether stabilizing carriers, namely HP-γ-cyclodextrin (HP-γ-CD), α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD), Inulin (Inu) and Arabic gum (AGu) affect the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of lyophilized pomegranate flower extract, how they influence stability, release profile, and whether the systems exhibit prebiotic activity. Interactions between pomegranate flower extract and these factors were analyzed using FT-IR. The structures were examined through microscopic imaging while for the prepared prebiotic systems, antidiabetic activity was determined and confirmed by the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase; antioxidant activity was expressed by DPPH and CUPRAC assays. The content of pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside in these systems was assessed using the HPLC method. The release profiles of pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside were examined in a medium at pH = 6.8 and pH = 1.2, and the stability was assessed after subjecting the systems to high temperatures (T = 90 °C). The prebiotic potential was evaluated for 10 prebiotic bacterial strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, Lactobacillus reuteri, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum lf, Streptococcus thermophilus). As a result of the conducted research, better functionalities of the obtained systems containing Pomegranate flower extract were proven in terms of prebiotic and antidiabetic effects. The obtained delivery systems for pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside allow for better use of its health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gościniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (N.R.); (D.S.)
| | - Natalia Rosiak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (N.R.); (D.S.)
| | - Daria Szymanowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (N.R.); (D.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Miklaszewski
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 24, 61-138 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (A.G.); (N.R.); (D.S.)
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Xiang Z, Guan H, Zhao X, Xie Q, Xie Z, Cai F, Dang R, Li M, Wang C. Dietary gallic acid as an antioxidant: A review of its food industry applications, health benefits, bioavailability, nano-delivery systems, and drug interactions. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114068. [PMID: 38395544 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA), a dietary phenolic acid with potent antioxidant activity, is widely distributed in edible plants. GA has been applied in the food industry as an antimicrobial agent, food fresh-keeping agent, oil stabilizer, active food wrap material, and food processing stabilizer. GA is a potential dietary supplement due to its health benefits on various functional disorders associated with oxidative stress, including renal, neurological, hepatic, pulmonary, reproductive, and cardiovascular diseases. GA is rapidly absorbed and metabolized after oral administration, resulting in low bioavailability, which is susceptible to various factors, such as intestinal microbiota, transporters, and metabolism of galloyl derivatives. GA exhibits a tendency to distribute primarily to the kidney, liver, heart, and brain. A total of 37 metabolites of GA has been identified, and decarboxylation and dihydroxylation in phase I metabolism and sulfation, glucuronidation, and methylation in phase Ⅱ metabolism are considered the main in vivo biotransformation pathways of GA. Different types of nanocarriers, such as polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and nanodots, have been successfully developed to enhance the health-promoting function of GA by increasing bioavailability. GA may induce drug interactions with conventional drugs, such as hydroxyurea, linagliptin, and diltiazem, due to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes, including cytochrome P450 3A4 and 2D6, and transporters, including P-glycoprotein, breast cancer resistance protein, and organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B3. In conclusion, in-depth studies of GA on food industry applications, health benefits, bioavailability, nano-delivery systems, and drug interactions have laid the foundation for its comprehensive application as a food additive and dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Huida Guan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Zhejun Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Fujie Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Rui Dang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China
| | - Manlin Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China.
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, 201203, China.
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Raoof GFA, El-Anssary AA, Younis EA, Aly HF. Metabolomic Analysis and in Vitro Investigation of the Biological Properties of a By-Product Derived from Vicia faba. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301095. [PMID: 37878681 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
By-products from plant sources are recently regarded as a valuable source of bioactive compounds. In this regard, the present study aims to assess the bioactivities of the 70 % MeOH extract obtained from Vicia faba peels and analyze its metabolomic profile. Acetylcholinesterase and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes inhibitory activities of the plant extract were assayed using quantitative colorimetric tests. Antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH assay, and cytotoxic activity was evaluated against normal fibroblast skin cells (1-BJ1). Ninety-one metabolites were tentatively identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) hyphenated with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS). Most of these compounds were described for the first time in the plant. In addition, catechin, rutin, quercitrin, and rhamnetin were isolated from the plant extract. The plant extract and the isolated compounds possessed no cytotoxic activity on (1-BJ1), while they exhibited anticholinesterase with the highest activity for 70 % MeOH extract (IC50 =120.11 mg/L), antioxidant potential with the highest activity for rutin (90.54±0.73 %), and carbohydrate metabolizing inhibitory activities with the highest activity for rutin. These discoveries imply that V. faba peels might serve as an efficient antioxidant, exhibit anticholinesterase properties, and have the potential for use in managing diabetes, all while avoiding cytotoxicity in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan F Abdel Raoof
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Research Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Amira A El-Anssary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Research Industries Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman A Younis
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan F Aly
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Abdallah RH, Al-Saleem MSM, Abdel-Mageed WM, Al-Attar ASR, Shehata YM, Abdel-Fattah DM, Atta RM. LCMS/MS Phytochemical Profiling, Molecular, Pathological, and Immune-Histochemical Studies on the Anticancer Properties of Annona muricata. Molecules 2023; 28:5744. [PMID: 37570713 PMCID: PMC10421100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Annona muricate is a tropical plant that is well-known for its edible fruit of therapeutic interest. LCMS/MS analyses were applied to identify phytoconstituents of the ethanolic extract of the whole fruits and the aqueous extract of the edible fruit part, in addition to the investigation of their anticancer properties against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in male albino mice. LCMS/MS analyses resulted in the identification of 388 components, representing a wide array of classes of compounds, including acetogenins as the major constituents, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolics. Among them, four compounds were tentatively characterized as new compounds (1-4), including an acid derivative, protocatechuic-coumaroyl-quinic acid (1), and three flavonoid derivatives, dihydromyricetin galloyl hexoside (2), apigenin gallate (3), and dihydromyricetin hexouronic acid hexoside (4). Induction with EAC cells resulted in abnormalities in the gene expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) in the tumor mass. Moreover, microscopic, histopathological, and immune-histochemical examinations of the tumor mass and liver tissues exhibited extensive growth of malignant Ehrlich carcinoma cells and marked hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes and infiltration by tumor cells to liver tissue with marked inflammatory reaction. These abnormalities were markedly ameliorated aftertreatment of EAC mice with A. muricata extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Muneera S. M. Al-Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael M. Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Al-Sayed R. Al-Attar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.-S.R.A.-A.); (D.M.A.-F.)
| | - Youssef M. Shehata
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (Y.M.S.); (R.M.A.)
| | - Doaa M. Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.-S.R.A.-A.); (D.M.A.-F.)
| | - Rahnaa M. Atta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (Y.M.S.); (R.M.A.)
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Benedetti G, Zabini F, Tagliavento L, Meneguzzo F, Calderone V, Testai L. An Overview of the Health Benefits, Extraction Methods and Improving the Properties of Pomegranate. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1351. [PMID: 37507891 PMCID: PMC10376364 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a polyphenol-rich edible food and medicinal plant of ancient origin, containing flavonols, anthocyanins, and tannins, with ellagitannins as the most abundant polyphenols. In the last decades, its consumption and scientific interest increased, due to its multiple beneficial effects. Pomegranate is a balausta fruit, a large berry surrounded by a thick colored peel composed of exocarp and mesocarp with edible arils inside, from which the pomegranate juice can be produced by pressing. Seeds are used to obtain the seed oil, rich in fatty acids. The non-edible part of the fruit, the peel, although generally disposed as a waste or transformed into compost or biogas, is also used to extract bioactive products. This review summarizes some recent preclinical and clinical studies on pomegranate, which highlight promising beneficial effects in several fields. Although further insight is needed on key aspects, including the limited oral bioavailability and the role of possible active metabolites, the ongoing development of suitable encapsulation and green extraction techniques enabling the valorization of waste pomegranate products point to the great potential of pomegranate and its bioactive constituents as dietary supplements or adjuvants in therapies of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Benedetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Zabini
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia, CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdeparmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdeparmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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Esposito T, Pisanti S, Martinelli R, Celano R, Mencherini T, Re T, Aquino RP. Couroupita guianensis bark decoction: From Amazonian medicine to the UHPLC-HRMS chemical profile and its role in inflammation processes and re-epithelialization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116579. [PMID: 37142146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In the Amazon rainforest, the shamans of the Mayantuyacu site use the healing virtues of decoctions and teas from different parts of the Couroupita guianensis Aubl. (Lecythidaceae) trees as remedies in Ashaninka medicine. However, composition of the remedy and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to compare the metabolite profile of Couroupita guianensis bark decoction produced by Amazonian shamans with that obtained under standardised laboratory conditions and to investigate biological properties of both decoction and isolated constituents in skin wound healing process and inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical analyses were carried out by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with UV and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry detectors (UHPLC-UV-HRMS). 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments were performed to identify the main decoction constituents. The decoction and pure compound effect on keratinocyte migration was determined by the in vitro wound healing model; the mechanism of action was elucidated by western blot analysis. RESULTS UHPLC-UV-HRMS analysis revealed the occurrence of polyphenolic compounds as catechins, ellagitannins and, notably, of unusual sulphated derivatives of ellagic acid isolated for the first time from Couroupita guianensis bark. A new natural sulphated molecule [4-(2″-O-sulphate- β-D-glucuronopyranosyl) ellagic acid] was identified as the potential active compound responsible for the efficacy of bark decoction stimulating wound healing in human HaCaT keratinocytes. The molecular mechanism involved the induction of pro-migratory pathways mediated by ERK and AKT phosphorylation and the increase of MMP2 expression in HaCaT cells. At the same time, the treatment inhibited inflammation interfering with NFkB activation. CONCLUSION Beyond identifying a new bioactive compound, the overall results scientifically validate the traditional use of Couroupita guianensis bark decoction as an anti-inflammatory remedy. Moreover, the beneficial effects on keratinocytes suggest promising therapeutic applications in skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; UNESCO Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy; UNESCO Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rosanna Martinelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy; UNESCO Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rita Celano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Teresa Mencherini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; UNESCO Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Tania Re
- UNESCO Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy; UNESCO Chair "Health Anthropology, Biosphere and Healing Systems" University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Rita P Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; UNESCO Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
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Abo-Saif MA, Ragab AE, Ibrahim AO, Abdelzaher OF, Mehanyd ABM, Saber-Ayad M, El-Feky OA. Pomegranate peel extract protects against the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by inhibiting pyroptosis and downregulating LncRNA-MALAT1. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1166653. [PMID: 37056985 PMCID: PMC10086142 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1166653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death accompanied by activation of inflammasomes and maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Pyroptosis is closely linked to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Pomegranate peel extract (PPE) exhibits a cardioprotective effect due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the protective effect of PPE on the myocardium in a rat model of DC and determine the underlying molecular mechanism.Methods: Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The rats in the treated groups received (150 mg/kg) PPE orally and daily for 8 weeks. The effects on the survival rate, lipid profile, serum cardiac troponin-1, lipid peroxidation, and tissue fibrosis were assessed. Additionally, the expression of pyroptosis-related genes (NLRP3 and caspase-1) and lncRNA-MALAT1 in the heart tissue was determined. The PPE was analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS and NMR for characterizing the phytochemical content.Results: Prophylactic treatment with PPE significantly ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy in the diabetic rats and increased the survival rate. Moreover, prophylactic treatment with PPE in the diabetic rats significantly improved the lipid profile, decreased serum cardiac troponin-1, and decreased lipid peroxidation in the myocardial tissue. Histopathological examination of the cardiac tissues showed a marked reduction in fibrosis (decrease in collagen volume and number of TGF-β-positive cells) and preservation of normal myocardial structures in the diabetic rats treated with PPE. There was a significant decrease in the expression of pyroptosis-related genes (NLRP3 and caspase-1) and lncRNA-MALAT1 in the heart tissue of the diabetic rats treated with PPE. In addition, the concentration of IL-1β and caspase-1 significantly decreased in the heart tissue of the same group. The protective effect of PPE on diabetic cardiomyopathy could be due to the inhibition of pyroptosis and downregulation of lncRNA-MALAT1. The phytochemical analysis of the PPE indicated that the major compounds were hexahydroxydiphenic acid glucoside, caffeoylquinic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, gallic acid, and punicalagin.Conclusion: PPE exhibited a cardioprotective potential in diabetic rats due to its unique antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties and its ability to improve the lipid profile. The protective effect of PPE on DC could be due to the inhibition of the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway and downregulation of lncRNA-MALAT1. PPE could be a promising therapy to protect against the development of DC, but further clinical studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ali Abo-Saif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amany E. Ragab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Amany E. Ragab, ; Maha Saber-Ayad,
| | - Amera O. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Amany E. Ragab, ; Maha Saber-Ayad,
| | - Ola A. El-Feky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Naznin M, Badrul Alam M, Alam R, Islam S, Rakhmat S, Lee SH, Kim S. Metabolite profiling of Nymphaea rubra (Burm. f.) flower extracts using cyclic ion mobility–mass spectrometry and their associated biological activities. Food Chem 2023; 404:134544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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New Type of Tannins Identified from the Seeds of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052027. [PMID: 36903273 PMCID: PMC10004147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of information on the compound profile of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. seeds. This greatly affects their optimal utilization. In our preliminary study, we found that the extract of the seeds displayed a strong positive reaction to the FeCl3 solution, indicating the presence of polyphenols. However, to date, only nine polyphenols have been isolated. In this study, HPLC-ESI-MS/MS was employed to fully reveal the polyphenol profile of the seed extracts. A total of 90 polyphenols were identified. They were classified into nine brevifolincarboxyl tannins and their derivatives, 34 ellagitannins, 21 gallotannins, and 26 phenolic acids and their derivatives. Most of these were first identified from the seeds of C. officinalis. More importantly, five new types of tannins were reported for the first time: brevifolincarboxyl-trigalloyl-hexoside, digalloyl-dehydrohexahydroxydiphenoyl (DHHDP)-hexdside, galloyl-DHHDP-hexoside, DHHDP-hexahydroxydiphenoyl(HHDP)-galloyl-gluconic acid, and peroxide product of DHHDP-trigalloylhexoside. Moreover, the total phenolic content was as high as 79,157 ± 563 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g in the seeds extract. The results of this study not only enrich the structure database of tannins, but also provide invaluable aid to its further utilization in industries.
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Khan MS, Adnan Q, Akhtar N. Profiling of phytochemicals using LC-ESI-MS 2 , in vitro, in vivo characterization and cosmeceutical effects of Alpinia galanga (wild) extract loaded emulgel. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1628-1641. [PMID: 36718832 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential as a depigmenting agent, sun protection, and healthy benefits is indicated by the sun protection factor, radical scavenging, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Alpinia galanga (wild). AIMS A stable emulgel containing A .galanga (wild) extract is prepared. This emulgel is then characterized by in vitro evaluation and identification of contents by LC-ESI-MS2 . In vivo performance is counted in terms of moisturizing, melanin level, erythema, sebum, skin fine pores and large pores analysis, and other related physiological skin parameters. METHODS DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenolic and flavonoid counts were used to measure the free radical scavenging and tyrosinase inhibitory capability of A .galanga (wild) extract, respectively. LC-ESI-MS2 used for phytochemical analysis. Emulgels synthesize, and their globule size, Ultracentrifugation, pH, and conductivity were all evaluated. Among the developed formulations, the optimal emulgels formulation underwent 90-day stability tests for organoleptic characteristics and rheology at 8°C, 25°C, 40°C, and 40°C + 75% RH (relative humidity). Using sebumeter®, mexameter®, and corneometer®, changes in skin physiological parameters were assessed over the course of 12 weeks in 13 healthy male, Asian volunteers. VisioFace® is used for computational analysis of high-resolution pictures to determine the % area, fine pore counts, and large pore counts of the skin. RESULTS The antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory potential and counts of total phenolic and flavonoids of A .galanga (wild) extract were impressive (85%, 75%, and 48.0 mg GAE/g and 14.37 mg quercetin/g, respectively). In terms of stability evaluation, globule size (0.7528 ± 0.192 μm). Optimized A .galanga (wild) ethanol aqueous (AGEA) extract loaded emulgel was stable in terms of organoleptic and in vitro evaluation. The AGEA formulation significantly reduced the amount of sebum, erythema, fine pore counts, large pore counts, fine pore % area and large pores area percentage while significantly improved the moisture and elasticity of the skin. CONCLUSION A stable A .galanga (wild) extract loaded emulgel was successfully produced that improved the skin physiological parameters in terms of skin's sebum, erythema, moisturizing, melanin, and pores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qazi Adnan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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13
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Aleksandrova S, Alexova R, Dragomanova S, Kalfin R, Nicoletti F, Fagone P, Petralia MC, Mangano K, Tancheva L. Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Punica granatum L. Polyphenols in Neurological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031856. [PMID: 36768185 PMCID: PMC9916020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a polyphenol-rich food and medicinal plant containing flavonols, anthocyanins, and tannins. Ellagitannins (ETs) are the most abundant polyphenols in pomegranate. A growing body of research shows that polyphenol-rich pomegranate extracts and their metabolites target multiple types of brain cell and support their redox balance, proliferation and survival, as well as cell signaling. Independent studies have demonstrated that the significant neuroprotective effects of ETs are mediated by their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, their chelating properties, by their ability to activate various signaling pathways, as well as the ability to influence mitochondrial damage, thus regulating autophagy, apoptosis and neurotransmitter signaling. The multitude of in vitro and in vivo studies summarized in the present review suggest that pomegranate polyphenols act on both neuronal and glial cells directly, and also affect blood-brain barrier function, restoring redox balance in the blood and brain and increasing blood flow to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Aleksandrova
- Department of Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ralitza Alexova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University—Sofia, 2 Zdrave St., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stela Dragomanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Department of Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Health Care, South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Ivan Mihailov St. 66, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Department of Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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Sallam IE, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Schäpe SS, Zaghloul SS, El-Dine RS, Shao P, von Bergen M, Farag MA. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Biotransformation of Opuntia Ficus Fruit: The Effect of In Vitro and Ex Vivo Gut Microbiota Metabolism. Molecules 2022; 27:7568. [PMID: 36364395 PMCID: PMC9653959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica biological effects are attributed to several bioactive metabolites. However, these actions could be altered in vivo by biotransformation reactions mainly via gut microbiota. This study assessed gut microbiota effect on the biotransformation of O. ficus-indica metabolites both in vitro and ex vivo. Two-time aliquots (0.5 and 24 h) from the in vitro assay were harvested post incubation of O. ficus-indica methanol extract with microbial consortium, while untreated and treated samples with fecal bacterial culture from the ex vivo assay were prepared. Metabolites were analyzed using UHPLC-QTOF-MS, with flavonoid glycosides completely hydrolyzed in vitro at 24 h being converted to two major metabolites, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid and phloroglucinol, concurrent with an increase in the gallic acid level. In case of the ex vivo assay, detected flavonoid glycosides in untreated sample were completely absent from treated counterpart with few flavonoid aglycones and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in parallel to an increase in piscidic acid. In both assays, fatty and organic acids were completely hydrolyzed being used as energy units for bacterial growth. Chemometric tools were employed revealing malic and (iso)citric acids as the main discriminating metabolites in vitro showing an increased abundance at 0.5 h, whereas in ex vivo assay, (iso)citric, aconitic and mesaconic acids showed an increase at untreated sample. Piscidic acid was a significant marker for the ex vivo treated sample. DPPH, ORAC and FRAP assays were further employed to determine whether these changes could be associated with changes in antioxidant activity, and all assays showed a decline in antioxidant potential post biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim E. Sallam
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Serena Schäpe
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Soumaya S. Zaghloul
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Riham S. El-Dine
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ping Shao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Mengmeng S, Zhuicheng X, Sixuan H, Xianjie S, Yan C, Xinru L, Yan S, Qin L, Chenxiao S, Tong X, An K. Systematic Identification of the Main Constituents from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. and Their Metabolites in Rats using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1369-1383. [PMID: 35062039 DOI: 10.1055/a-1747-6004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Agrimonia pilosa is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant, commonly known as agrimony or hairy agrimony. The dried aerial parts of this species have been widely used for the treatment of acute diarrhea, hemostasis, and other inflammation-related diseases. However, information on the in vivo metabolism of A. pilosa constituents is limited. In this study, the phytochemical profile of A. pilosa was investigated using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with a nontargeted diagnostic ion network analysis strategy. An information-dependent acquisition method with multiple filters was utilized to screen possible prototypes and metabolites in complex biological matrices. Furthermore, various data-processing techniques were applied to analyze possible prototypes and their metabolites in rat plasma, feces, and urine following oral administration of A. pilosa extract. A total of 62 compounds, which belonged to five main structural classes (21 phenols, 22 flavonoids, 6 coumarins, 3 triterpenes, and 10 organic acids), were tentatively identified in A. pilosa. In addition, using our proposed stepwise method, 32 prototypes and 69 metabolites were detected in rat plasma, feces, and urine. The main metabolic pathways after the oral administration of A. pilosa extract were revealed to include methylation, dihydroxylation, demethylation, hydrolysis, sulfation, and glucuronidation. This comprehensive in vivo and in vitro identification of the possible active components in A. pilosa could provide a basis for understanding its various pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mengmeng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Zhuicheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Sixuan
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Xianjie
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Xinru
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Su Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Chenxiao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xie Tong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang An
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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16
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Yisimayili Z, Chao Z. A review on phytochemicals, metabolic profiles and pharmacokinetics studies of the different parts (juice, seeds, peel, flowers, leaves and bark) of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Food Chem 2022; 395:133600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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17
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Orlova A, Kysil E, Tsvetkova E, Meshalkina D, Whaley A, Whaley AO, Laub A, Francioso A, Babich O, Wessjohann LA, Mosca L, Frolov A, Povydysh M. Phytochemical Characterization of Water Avens ( Geum rivale L.) Extracts: Structure Assignment and Biological Activity of the Major Phenolic Constituents. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2859. [PMID: 36365312 PMCID: PMC9658556 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water avens (Geum rivale L.) is a common Rosaceae plant widely spread in Europe and North America. It is rich in biologically active natural products, some of which are promising as prospective pharmaceuticals. The extracts of water avens are well known for their triterpenoid metabolites and associated anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. However, the polyphenolic profiles of G. rivale L. are still awaiting complete characterization. Accordingly, the contribution of its individual components to the antioxidant, antibacterial and neuroprotective activity of the extracts is still unknown. As this plant can be available on an industrial scale, a better knowledge of its properly-relevant constituents might give access to new highly-efficient pharmaceutical substances and functional products. Therefore, herein we comprehensively characterize the secondary metabolome of G. rivale by ESI-HR-MS, ESI-HR-MSn and NMR spectroscopy with a special emphasis on the polyphenolic composition of its aerial parts. Furthermore, a multilateral evaluation of the antioxidant, neuroprotective and antibacterial properties of the aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of the total aqueous alcoholic extract as well as individual isolated polyphenols was accomplished. Altogether four phenolic acid derivatives (trigalloyl hexose, caffeoyl-hexoside malate, ellagic acid and ellagic acid pentoside), six flavonoids (three quercetin derivatives, kaempferol and three its derivatives and two isorhamnetin derivatives) and four tannins (HHDP-hexoside, proantocyanidin dimer, pedunculagin I and galloyl-bis-HHDP-hexose) were identified in this plant for the first time. The obtained aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of the total extract as well as the isolated individual compounds showed pronounced antioxidant activity. In addition, a pronounced antibacterial activity against several strains was proved for the studied fractions (for ethyl acetate fraction the highest activity against E. coli АТСС 25922 and S. aureus strains ATCC 27853 and SG-511 (MIC 15.6 μg/mL) was observed; for aqueous fraction-against Staphylococcus aureus SG-511 (MIC 31.2 μg/mL)). However, the anti-neurodegenerative (neuroprotective) properties could not be found with the employed methods. However, the antibacterial activity of the fractions could not be associated with any of the isolated individual major phenolics (excepting 3-O-methylellagic acid). Thus, the aerial parts of water avens represent a promising source of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity and therefrom derived human health benefits, although the single constituents isolated so far lack a dominant selectively bioactive constituent in the bioassays performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Orlova
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elana Kysil
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elena Tsvetkova
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Darya Meshalkina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrei Whaley
- Department of Pharmacognosy, St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiia O. Whaley
- Department of Pharmacognosy, St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Annegret Laub
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Antonio Francioso
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Olga Babich
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Ludger A. Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria Povydysh
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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18
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Unravelling the In Vitro and In Vivo Anti- Helicobacter pylori Effect of Delphinidin-3- O-Glucoside Rich Extract from Pomegranate Exocarp: Enhancing Autophagy and Downregulating TNF-α and COX2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091752. [PMID: 36139826 PMCID: PMC9495706 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits containing antioxidants, e.g., anthocyanins, exhibit antimicrobial activities. The emergence of drug resistance represents a major challenge in eradicating H. pylori. The current study aims to explore the effect of pomegranate exocarp anthocyanin methanol extract (PEAME) against H. pylori isolates recovered from antral gastric biopsies. The UPLC-PDA-MS/MS and 1H NMR analyses indicated delphinidin-3-O-glucoside as the major anthocyanin in the extract. The PEAME showed activity against all tested resistant isolates in vitro recording minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 128 and 256 µg/mL, respectively. In vivo investigation included evaluation of the rat gastric mucosa for malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase activity, COX2, TNF-α, and key autophagy gene expression. The combination of pomegranate with metronidazole markedly reduced the viable count of H. pylori and the level of COX2, with alleviation of H. pylori-induced inflammation and oxidative stress (reduction of MDA, p-value < 0.001; and increase in catalase activity, p-value < 0.001). Autophagy gene expression was significantly upregulated upon treatment, whereas TNF-α was downregulated. In conclusion, we comprehensively assessed the effect of PEAME against H. pylori isolates, suggesting its potential in combination with metronidazole for eradication of this pathogen. The beneficial effect of PEAME may be attributed to its ability to enhance autophagy.
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Yang X, Niu Z, Wang X, Lu X, Sun J, Carpena M, Prieto M, Simal-Gandara J, Xiao J, Liu C, Li N. The Nutritional and Bioactive Components, Potential Health Function and Comprehensive Utilization of Pomegranate: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2110260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zhonglu Niu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Jinyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - M. Carpena
- Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - M.A. Prieto
- Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ningyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
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20
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Chang Y, Shi X, He F, Wu T, Jiang L, Normakhamatov N, Sharipov A, Wang T, Wen M, Aisa HA. Valorization of Food Processing Waste to Produce Valuable Polyphenolics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8855-8870. [PMID: 35833703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional incineration and landfill of food processing waste (FPW) have polluted the environment and underutilized valuable bioactive compounds, including polyphenols in food waste. As one of the most widely occurring compounds in the FPW, polyphenols possess high utilization value in many fields such as human health, energy, and environmental protection. Extracting polyphenols directly from FPW can maximize the value of polyphenols and avoid waste of resources. However, traditional polyphenol extraction methods mostly use the Soxhlet extraction, infiltration, and impregnation method, consuming a large amount of organic solvent and suffering from long extraction time and low extraction efficiency. Emerging green extraction methods such as supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and other methods can shorten the extraction time and improve the solvent extraction efficacy, resulting in the green and safe recovery of polyphenols from FPW. In this paper, the traditional treatment methods of FPW waste and the application of polyphenols in FPW are briefly reviewed, and the traditional extraction methods and emerging green extraction methods of polyphenols in FPW are compared to obtain insight into the start-of-the-art extraction approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Chang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China
| | - Fei He
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Nodirali Normakhamatov
- Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Ministry of the Health of Uzbekistan, Aybek Strasse 45, Tashkent 100015, Uzbekistan
| | - Avez Sharipov
- Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Ministry of the Health of Uzbekistan, Aybek Strasse 45, Tashkent 100015, Uzbekistan
| | - Tianfu Wang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhang Wen
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
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An online stepwise background subtraction-based ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry dynamic detection integrated with metabolic molecular network strategy for intelligent characterization of the absorbed chemical-fingerprint of QiangHuoShengShi decoction in vivo. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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22
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Zhang Y, Zheng P, Yan G, Zhuo Y, Wu JL, Sun B. Chemical profiling and antioxidants screening from natural products: using CiNingJi as an example. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:407-421. [PMID: 35464243 PMCID: PMC8994799 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products with good antioxidative properties have been paid increased attention globally. However, due to its chemical complexity, it is difficult to find out its antioxidative compounds. Herein, the chemical profiling and antioxidant capacity of CiNingJi (CNJ) were analyzed, as an example. By using UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, a total of 82 compounds were tentatively deduced. Furthermore, its free radical scavenging capacity was assessed by different in vitro spectrophotometric-based assays. The result showed that one ingredient, Rosa roxburghii, plays a critical role in its antioxidant activity. In addition, 18 potential antioxidants were screened out in CNJ by comparing the difference of it with and without DPPH reaction. They were identified mainly as catechin, ellagic acid, kajiichigoside F1, and their derivatives or isomers. With the further quantification of major found antioxidants, our results may provide some knowledge on predicting the antioxidative compounds of natural products. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01049-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Zhang
- Present Address: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Xi Lu, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyan Zheng
- Present Address: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Xi Lu, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanyu Yan
- Present Address: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Xi Lu, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510405 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Present Address: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.151 Yanjiang Xi Lu, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
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Shahzad MN, Ahmad S, Tousif MI, Ahmad I, Rao H, Ahmad B, Basit A. Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266094. [PMID: 35358239 PMCID: PMC8970405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Owing to extraordinary healing power, Terminalia species have been used in traditional medicine systems to treat various diseases. Many folklore uses of Terminalia neotaliala (Madagascar's almond) included treating arterial hypertension, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, colic, oral and digestive candidiasis, intestinal parasitic infections, inflammatory skin conditions, postpartum care, and mycotic infections but nevertheless scientifically explored for its medicinal and pharmacological importance. Therefore, the current study intended to prepare methanolic extract and its fractionation with hexane, chloroform, and butanol followed by evaluation of their polyphenolic content, biological activities, and LCMS analysis. The biological study included antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition assay i.e., α-glucosidase and urease. The insight study of biologically active secondary metabolites of butanol fraction (BUAE) was performed through LCMS. METHODS The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of hydroalcoholic and its fractions were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride method. The total tannin content (TTC) was determined using the Folin-Denis spectrophotometric method. Similarly, the antioxidant potential of HAAE, HEAE, CFAE, and BUAE was determined using four methods as DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The sample extracts were also evaluated against two clinically important enzymes i.e., α-glucosidase and urease. RESULTS The BUAE (butanol aerial fraction) showed the highest TPC (234.79 ± 0.12 mg.GAE.g-1 DE), TFC (320.75 ± 12.50 mg.QE.g-1 DE), and TTC (143.36 ± 4.32 mg.TA.Eq.g-1 DE). The BUAE also showed the highest scavenging potential determined by DPPH (642.65 ± 1.11 mg.TEq.g-1 DE) and ABTS (543.17 ± 1.11 mg.TEq.g-1 DE), and the metal-reducing capacity determined by CUPRAC (1510.41 ± 4.45 mg.TEq.g-1 DE) and FRAP (739.81 ± 19.32 mg.TEq.g-1 DE). The LCMS of BUAE identified 18 different biologically active phytoconstituents validating a rich source of hydrolyzable tannins including ellagitannins and gallitannins. CONCLUSION The present study concluded that T. neotaliala is a rich source of polyphenols capable of neutralizing the damage caused by free radical accumulation in the cells and tissues. The significant antioxidant results and identification of high molecular weight hydrolyzable tannins enlightened the medicinal importance of T. neotaliala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Imtiaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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LC–DAD–MS Phenolic Characterisation of Six Invasive Plant Species in Croatia and Determination of Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050596. [PMID: 35270066 PMCID: PMC8912889 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Invasive plants’ phytochemicals are important for their invasiveness, enabling them to spread in new environments. However, these chemicals could offer many pharmaceutical compounds or active ingredients for herbal preparations. This study provides the first LC–MS phytochemical screening of six invasive alien plant species (IAPS) in the Istria region (Croatia): Ailanthus altissima, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Conyza canadensis, Dittrichia viscosa, Erigeron annuus, and Xanthium strumarium. The study aims to identify and quantify the phenolic content of their leaf extracts and assess their antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. A total of 32 species-specific compounds were recorded. Neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, and 5-p-coumaroylquinic acids, quercetin-3-glucoside, and kaempferol hexoside were detected in all the tested IAPS. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were the main components in all the tested IAPS, except in E. annuus, where flavanones dominated with a share of 70%. X. strumarium extract had the best activity against the tested bacteria, with an average MIC value of 0.11 mg/mL, while A. altissima and X. strumarium extracts had the best activity against the tested fungi, with an average MIC value of 0.21 mg/mL in both cases. All the plant extracts studied, except X. strumarium, were less cytotoxic than the positive control. The results provided additional information on the phytochemical properties of IAPS and their potential for use as antimicrobial agents.
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Isolation, characterization, bio-accessibility and cytotoxic effect of ellagitannins purified from peels of Punica granatum Indian var. Bhagwa. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Li YJ, He FQ, Zhao HH, Li Y, Chen J. Screening and identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Terminalia chebula fruits by immobilized enzyme on cellulose filter paper coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and molecular docking. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1663:462784. [PMID: 34974370 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand of new drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), screening acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has been proved to be an effective strategy for drug discovery. In present study, a novel strategy was developed to fish out AChE inhibitors from Terminalia chebula fruits based on immobilized AChE coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) and molecular docking. For AChE immobilization, cellulose filter paper (CFP) as the carrier was modified with chitosan to be introduced to amino groups, and then AChE was modified on the amino-modified CFP through a Schiff base reaction with glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. The CPF-immobilized AChE possessed advantages of a wider range for pH and temperature endurance, better storage stability, excellent reproducibility and reusability. The CPF-immobilized AChE was incubated with the extract of T. chebula fruits, and then the active components would form complexes with immobilized AChE. The complexes were further conveniently separated with inactive components by virtue of the instantaneous separation characteristic of CFP. Eventually, 25 (1-11, 13-26) potential AChE inhibitors were fished out and their structures were further identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Moreover, molecular docking was performed to discriminate non-specific compounds to AChE and explore binding mechanisms between potential inhibitors and AChE, and 25 compounds could be well embedded into active sites of AChE with affinities ranging from -9.9 to -6.4 kcal/mol. Inhibitory activities of screened active components on AChE were evaluated in vitro, and punicalagin, 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (1,3,6-TGG), chebulinic acid and geraniin exhibited excellent AChE-inhibitory properties with IC50 values of 0.43 ± 0.03, 0.46 ± 0.02, 0.50 ± 0.03 and 0.51 ± 0.03 mM, respectively. The results indicated that the developed method was simple and efficient, and could be utilized to screen and identify potential AChE inhibitors from TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fu-Qin He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Wu W, Jiang S, Liu M, Tian S. Simultaneous process optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols and ellagic acid from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) flowers and its biological activities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 80:105833. [PMID: 34798525 PMCID: PMC8605316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to optimize the extraction rate of total polyphenols and ellagic acid from pomegranate flowers. Single factors were investigated for liquid-to-material ratio (5-25), ethanol concentration (20%-60%), sonication time (5-60 min), and sonication power (150-500 W). The level range of the Box-Bokhen design was determined with respect to the single-factor results. The components of each index were normalized using the entropy weighting method for obtaining the comprehensive evaluation value. Under the actual conditions, the final optimization results were 17 for liquid-to-material ratio, 43% for ethanol concentration, 10 min for ultrasonic time, and 300 W for ultrasonic power. The extracts obtained under optimal conditions were tested for the inhibition of Streptococcus mutans and its biofilm, and results showed that pomegranate flowers exerted some inhibitory effects on the bacterium. Phosphomolybdenum and FRAP assays were used, and DPPH, ABTS, and O2- radical scavenging tests were conducted, indicating that pomegranate flower extracts have good antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuge Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China.
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Pires EDO, Di Gioia F, Rouphael Y, Ferreira ICFR, Caleja C, Barros L, Petropoulos SA. The Compositional Aspects of Edible Flowers as an Emerging Horticultural Product. Molecules 2021; 26:6940. [PMID: 34834031 PMCID: PMC8619536 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible flowers are becoming very popular, as consumers are seeking healthier and more attractive food products that can improve their diet aesthetics and diversify their dietary sources of micronutrients. The great variety of flowers that can be eaten is also associated with high variability in chemical composition, especially in bioactive compounds content that may significantly contribute to human health. The advanced analytical techniques allowed us to reveal the chemical composition of edible flowers and identify new compounds and effects that were not known until recently. Considering the numerous species of edible flowers, the present review aims to categorize the various species depending on their chemical composition and also to present the main groups of compounds that are usually present in the species that are most commonly used for culinary purposes. Moreover, special attention is given to those species that contain potentially toxic or poisonous compounds as their integration in human diets should be carefully considered. In conclusion, the present review provides useful information regarding the chemical composition and the main groups of chemical compounds that are present in the flowers of the most common species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleomar de O. Pires
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.d.O.P.J.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.d.O.P.J.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina Caleja
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.d.O.P.J.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (E.d.O.P.J.); (I.C.F.R.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece
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Ali A, Bashmil YM, Cottrell JJ, Suleria HAR, Dunshea FR. LC-MS/MS-QTOF Screening and Identification of Phenolic Compounds from Australian Grown Herbs and Their Antioxidant Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111770. [PMID: 34829641 PMCID: PMC8615083 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Culinary spices and herbs have been used to impart a characteristic flavour and aroma in food due to their appealing fragrance. Recently, bioactive compounds from herbs, especially phenolics, have gained much attention due to their potential health outcomes. The aim of this study was to characterize and quantify the phenolic compounds from 10 widely used Australian-grown herbs (oregano, rosemary, bay, basil, sage, fenugreek, dill, parsley, mint and thyme). For this purpose, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used for the complete profiling of polyphenolic compounds and quantification of abundant phenolic compounds was completed with high-performance liquid chromatography—photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA). Polyphenols from Australian-grown herbs were estimated through total phenolic content (TP), total flavonoids (TF) and total tannins (TT) along with their in-vitro antioxidant activities. Oregano and mint were estimated with the highest value of TP (140.59 ± 9.52 and 103.28 ± 8.08 mg GAE/g, milligram gallic acid equivalent/gram) while rosemary and mint had the highest TF (8.19 ± 0.74 and 7.05 ± 0.43 mg QE (quercetin equivalent)/g). In this study, eighty-four (84) phenolic compounds were screened and confirmed through LC-MS/MS by comparing their masses and fragmentation pattern with published libraries. The results of this study validate the use of these herbs as bioactives and their positive impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (Y.M.B.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Yasmeen M. Bashmil
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (Y.M.B.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (Y.M.B.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (Y.M.B.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (Y.M.B.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Correspondence:
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Sinan KI, Zengin G, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Gevrenova R, Picot-Allain MCN, Dall’Acqua S, Behl T, Goh BH, Ying PTS, Mahomoodally MF. Exploring the Chemical Profiles and Biological Values of Two Spondias Species ( S. dulcis and S. mombin): Valuable Sources of Bioactive Natural Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1771. [PMID: 34829642 PMCID: PMC8614698 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondias species have been used in traditional medicine for different human ailments. In this study, the effect of different solvents (ethyl acetate, methanol, and water) and extraction methods (infusion, maceration, and Soxhlet extraction) on the enzyme inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and antioxidant properties of S. mombin and S. dulcis leaves and stem bark were evaluated. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) yield in the identification and/or annotation of 98 compounds showing that the main secondary metabolites of the plant are gallic and ellagic acids and their derivatives, ellagitannins, hydroxybenzoic, hydroxycinnamic, acylquinic acids and flavonols, flavanones, and flavanonols. The leaves infusion of both Spondias species showed highest inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (10.10 and 10.45 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g, for S. dulcis and S. mombin, respectively). The ethyl acetate extracts of the stem bark of S. mombin and S. dulcis actively inhibited α-glucosidase. Methanolic extracts of the leaves and stem bark exhibited highest tyrosinase inhibitory action. Antioxidant activity and higher levels of phenolics were observed for the methanolic extracts of Spondias. The results suggested that the Spondias species could be considered as natural phyto-therapeutic agents in medicinal and cosmeceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Biochemistry and Physiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Biochemistry and Physiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
| | - Reneta Gevrenova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University—Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
| | | | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India;
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Patrick Tang Siah Ying
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius;
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Barbeya oleoides Leaves Extracts: In Vitro Carbohydrate Digestive Enzymes Inhibition and Phytochemical Characterization. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206229. [PMID: 34684810 PMCID: PMC8540058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the in vitro inhibitory potential of different solvent extracts of leaves of Barbeya oleoides on key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) in combination with an aggregation assay (using 0.01% Triton X-100 detergent) to assess the specificity of action. The methanol extract was the most active in inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with IC50 values of 6.67 ± 0.30 and 25.62 ± 4.12 µg/mL, respectively. However, these activities were significantly attenuated in the presence of 0.01% Triton X-100. The chemical analysis of the methanol extract was conducted utilizing a dereplication approach combing LC-ESI-MS/MS and database searching. The chemical analysis detected 27 major peaks in the negative ion mode, and 24 phenolic compounds, predominantly tannins and flavonol glycosides derivatives, were tentatively identified. Our data indicate that the enzyme inhibitory activity was probably due to aggregation-based inhibition, perhaps linked to polyphenols.
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Piwowarczyk R, Ochmian I, Lachowicz S, Kapusta I, Malinowska K, Ruraż K. Correlational nutritional relationships and interactions between expansive holoparasite Orobanche laxissima and woody hosts on metal-rich soils. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112844. [PMID: 34311276 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant parasitism by other plants, combined with abiotic environmental stress, offers a unique opportunity to study correlational nutritional relationships in terms of parasite-host interactions and their functional roles in nutrient cycling in ecosystems. Our study analysed the transfer of selected mineral elements, including heavy metals, from soil to different organs in hosts (Punica granatum and Fraxinus angustifolia) and from hosts to the expansive holoparasite (Orobanche laxissima) in cinnamonic soil habitats in Georgia (Caucasus). We also identified other correlated trophic and bioactive effects in the parasite-host relationship. O. laxissima was characterized by a high accumulation tendency for micro- and macroelements, such as K and Ca, and heavy metals, such as Zn, Ni, and Cd. Parasites can reduce the concentration of heavy metals in host tissues owing to this high accumulation tendency. In total, 85 compounds were identified in the examined parasite and its hosts. Despite the distinct phytochemical content of species of the infected host, the parasite produced specific metabolites with dominant phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), with acteoside and crenatoside being the primary dominant compounds - ca. 98% of all polyphenols. Polyphenols in parasite specimens that are correlated with Cu and Zn are antagonistic to polyphenols correlated with Fe, Pb, Cr, and Ni. The profile of polyphenols in the host species was both qualitatively and quantitatively distinct from the profile of the compounds in the parasite and between hosts (only acteoside in group PhGs was common between the parasite and Fraxinus host), which indicates the existence of a unique compound biosynthesis pathway in the parasite. Our results demonstrated that the parasite, particularly in its flowers, exhibited higher polyphenol content, antioxidative effects (ABTS-+, DPPH, and FRAP), and inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Enviromental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7 Street, PL-25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Ochmian
- Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Sabina Lachowicz
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37 Street, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Kapusta
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4 Street, 35-601, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Malinowska
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Enviromental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7 Street, PL-25-406, Kielce, Poland.
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33
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Li Y, Li Y, Chen J. Screening and identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Terminalia chebula fruits based on ultrafiltration and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zhao X, Yuan Z. Anthocyanins from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) and Their Role in Antioxidant Capacities in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100399. [PMID: 34388293 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
As phytochemicals, anthocyanins are not only responsible for the diverse colors in nature, but are associated with broad-spectrum health-promoting effects for human beings. Pomegranate is abundant in anthocyanins which possess high antioxidant capacities. However, the pomegranate anthocyanins profile and their contributions to antioxidant capacities are not fully depicted. The purpose of this paper is to review anthocyanins from pomegranate as important antioxidants. Total anthocyanin content (TAC) and six major components vary greatly with intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In pomegranate, anthocyanins mainly acted as primary antioxidants, while their action as secondary antioxidants were not conclusive. The antioxidant potentials of anthocyanins were significantly affected by factors especially chemical structure and detection assays in vitro. The current knowledge may provide insights into potential applications for pomegranate anthocyanins based on their antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zhao
- Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, 159 Longpan Rd., 210037, Nanjing, CHINA
| | - Zhaohe Yuan
- Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, 159 Longpan Rd., 210037, Nanjing, CHINA
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35
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Janarny G, Ranaweera K, Gunathilake K. Antioxidant activities of hydro-methanolic extracts of Sri Lankan edible flowers. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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36
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Świątek Ł, Sieniawska E, Sinan KI, Maciejewska-Turska M, Boguszewska A, Polz-Dacewicz M, Senkardes I, Guler GO, Bibi Sadeer N, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis, Cytotoxic, Antiviral, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Four Extracts of Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f.: A Good Gift from the Natural Treasure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7621. [PMID: 34299238 PMCID: PMC8307321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the biological evaluation and chemical characterization of Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f. Different solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts) were prepared. The phytochemical profile, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activity were investigated. Cytotoxicity was assessed using VERO, FaDu, HeLa and RKO cells. The antiviral activity was carried out against HSV-1 (Herpes simplex virus 1) propagated in VERO cell line. The aqueous extract, possessing high phenolic content (170.50 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract), showed the highest reducing capacity (613.27 and 364.10 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power, respectively), radical scavenging potential (469.82 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, against 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), metal chelating ability (52.39 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalent/g extract) and total antioxidant capacity (3.15 mmol Trolox equivalent/g extract). Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) alloved to tentatively identify a total of 56 compounds in the extracts, including ellagitannins, gallic acid and galloyl derivatives amongst others. The ethyl acetate extracts substantially depressed cholinesterase enzymes (4.49 and 12.26 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract against AChE and BChE, respectively) and α-amylase enzyme (1.04 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract). On the other hand, the methanolic extract inhibited tyrosinase (121.42 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract) and α-glucosidase (2.39 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) activities. The highest selectivity towards all cancer cell lines (SI 4.5-10.8) was observed with aqueous extract with the FaDu cells being the most sensitive (CC50 40.22 µg/mL). It can be concluded that the presence of certain bioactive antiviral molecules may be related to the high anti HSV-1 activity of the methanolic extract. This work has generated vital scientific data on this medicinal plant, which is a prospective candidate for the creation of innovative phyto-pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Świątek
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (M.M.-T.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | | | - Anastazja Boguszewska
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Ismail Senkardes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey;
| | - Gokalp Ozmen Guler
- Department of Biological Education, Ahmet Kelesoglu Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey;
| | - Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (N.B.S.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (N.B.S.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
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37
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Yisimayili Z, Tian Q, Xie Y, Hu P, Abdulla R, Wu T, Sun Z, Chen M, Aisa HA, Huang C. Simultaneous Quantification of Four Compounds in Rat Plasma by HPLC-MS/MS and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study after Oral Administration of Pomegranate Flowers. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:348-356. [PMID: 34160023 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pomegranate flowers (PFs) were reported to possess various biological activities such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities, and using to treat diabetes. Although chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of PFs have been studied, unfortunately, there was no report on the pharmacokinetic profile of PFs in vivo. In this study, a selective high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of four compounds (corilagin, ellagic acid, gallic acid and brevifolincarboxylic acid) in rat plasma after oral administration of PFs. The good linearity concentration ranges for the four analytes were from 2.5 to 3000 ng/mL with coefficient value R2 > 0.99 in calibration curves. The intra- and inter-day accuracy of the four analytes was in the range of 85.33-102.50%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) of <14.81%. The stability results showed that accuracy of the four analytes was in the range of 81.88-104.74%, with RSD of <14.86%. The validation method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic profiles of the four analytes in rats after oral administration of PFs extract. This pharmacokinetic study can provide better understanding to clarify in vivo mechanisms of PFs and may facilitate its further development as therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainaipuguli Yisimayili
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rahima Abdulla
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingcang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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38
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Comment on "Phenolic profiling and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of Lepisanthes fruticosa (Roxb) Leenh fruit extracts". Food Chem 2021; 361:130107. [PMID: 34087569 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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39
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Ali A, Wu H, Ponnampalam EN, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR, Suleria HAR. Comprehensive Profiling of Most Widely Used Spices for Their Phenolic Compounds through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS 2 and Their Antioxidant Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:721. [PMID: 34064351 PMCID: PMC8147794 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spices have long been used to improve food flavor, due to their appealing fragrance and sensory attributes. Nowadays, spices-based bioactives, particularly phenolic compounds, have gained attention due to their wide range of significant effects in biological systems. The present study was conducted to characterize the 12 widely used spices (allspice, black cardamom, black cumin, black pepper, cardamom, cinnamon, clove, cumin, fennel, nutmeg, star-anise, and turmeric) for their phenolics with the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS2), polyphenols estimation, and their antioxidant potential. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total tannin content and their antioxidant activities were estimated in all spices. Clove and allspice had the highest value of total polyphenol content (215.14 and 40.49 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g of sample), while clove and turmeric had the highest total flavonoids (5.59 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) per g of sample) and total tannin contents (23.58 mg catechin equivalent (CE) per g of sample), respectively. On the other hand, black cumin and black pepper had the highest phosphomolybdate activity (15.61 and 15.43 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) per g of sample), while clove was almost identified with highest free radical scavenging capacity. A positive correlation was observed among phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. In this quest, a total of 79 phenolic compounds were tentatively characterized by using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS2 including 26 phenolic acids, 33 flavonoids, 16 other polyphenols, and 4 lignans. The high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) quantification of phenolic compounds exhibited higher phenolic acids. These results provided us some valuable information that spices have powerful antioxidant potential that can be further used in human food and animal feed as a supplement for different health promoting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (H.W.); (J.J.C.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Hanjing Wu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (H.W.); (J.J.C.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (H.W.); (J.J.C.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (H.W.); (J.J.C.); (F.R.D.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leads, Leads LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (H.W.); (J.J.C.); (F.R.D.)
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40
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Vaez M, Javad Davarpanah S. New Insights into the Biological Activity of Lichens: Bioavailable Secondary Metabolites of Umbilicaria decussata as Potential Anticoagulants. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100080. [PMID: 33773025 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the in vitro anticoagulation activity of acetonic extract (AE) of 42 lichen species and the identification of potential bioavailable anticoagulant compounds from Umbilicaria decussata as a competent anticoagulant lichen species. Lichens' AEs were evaluated for their anticoagulant activity by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays. A strong, positive correlation was observed between total phenolics concentration (TPC) of species and blood coagulation parameters. U. decussata was the only species with the longest clotting time in both APTT and PT assays. The research was moved forward by performing in vivo assays using rats. The results corroborated the dose-dependent impact of U. decussata's AE on rats' clotting time. Major secondary metabolites of U. decussata and their plasma-related bioavailability were also investigated using LC-ESI-MS/MS. Atranol, orsellinic acid, D-mannitol, lecanoric acid, and evernic acid were detected as possible bioavailable anticoagulants of U. decussata. Our findings suggest that U. decussata might be a potential anticoagulant lichen species that can be used for the prevention or treatment of coagulation-related issues such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Vaez
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, 3313193685
| | - Seyed Javad Davarpanah
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 1435917341
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41
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Janarny G, Gunathilake KDPP, Ranaweera KKDS. Nutraceutical potential of dietary phytochemicals in edible flowers-A review. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13642. [PMID: 33533514 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Edible flowers have been in traditional cuisine and phytotherapy for centuries. Recently, the consumption of edible flowers has increased significantly as the phytochemicals in them are known to have numerous health benefits. Information on nutraceutical potentials and health benefits of the phytochemicals available in different varieties of edible flowers and their uses are discussed. It is found that the major groups of dietary phytochemicals in edible flowers include flavonoids, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins and they are capable of exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective gastroprotective, and genoprotective effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Edible flowers are good sources of phytochemicals and possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and cardio-protective properties. However, many edible flowers remain unexplored and underutilized. This review gives eye openings that more in-depth investigations need to be conducted on different edible flowers and they need to be incorporated into commercialized foods and drugs or need to be used for novel nutraceutical development to deliver the potential health benefits to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesamoorthy Janarny
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
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42
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Gallic acid: Pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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43
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Shojaeifard Z, Hemmateenejad B, Jassbi AR. Chemometrics-based LC-UV-ESIMS analyses of 50 Salvia species for detecting their antioxidant constituents. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113745. [PMID: 33190082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Iran is one of the main hubs for sage's diversity in Asia. Generally, prediction and characterization of the chemical structures of the specialized metabolites that have significant role in the bioactivity of a plant remains a significant challenge. In this study, 50 different accessions of 32 Salvia species in 2015 and 2017 were collected and extracted for their phenolics, using 80 % methanol. LC-PDA-ESIMS analyses was coupled with multivariate analysis to identify the specific metabolites in the plant extracts, responsible for the antioxidant activity. Based on the variable importance in projection (VIP) method on the Genetic algorithm combined with PLS (GA-PLS) models, eighteen peaks were detected as multifunctional compounds. The putative phenolic compounds were attributed to apigenin-O-diglucoside, rutin, cynaroside, luteolin-7-O-glucoronide, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, hispidulin-7-O-glucuronide, hispidulin-7-O-glucoside, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B derivative, cirsimaritin, eupatorin, and carnosol. This investigation showed that the Salvia's extract can facilitate an opportunity for rapid detection, isolation and development of antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shojaeifard
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Hemmateenejad
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Jassbi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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44
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Przybylska D, Kucharska AZ, Cybulska I, Sozański T, Piórecki N, Fecka I. Cornus mas L. Stones: A Valuable By-Product as an Ellagitannin Source with High Antioxidant Potential. Molecules 2020; 25:E4646. [PMID: 33053845 PMCID: PMC7587210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The stone of Cornus mas L. remains the least known morphological part of this plant, whereas the fruit is appreciated for both consumption purposes and biological activity. The stone is considered to be a byproduct of fruit processing and very little is known about its phytochemical composition and biological properties. In this study, the complete qualitative determination of hydrolyzable tannins, their quantitative analysis, total polyphenolic content, and antioxidant properties of the stone of C. mas are presented for the first time. The 37 identified compounds included the following: various gallotannins (11), monomeric ellagitannins (7), dimeric ellagitannins (10), and trimeric ellagitannins (7). The presence of free gallic acid and ellagic acid was also reported. Our results demonstrate that C. mas stone is a source of various bioactive hydrolyzable tannins and shows high antioxidant activity which could allow potential utilization of this raw material for recovery of valuable pharmaceutical or nutraceutical substances. The principal novelty of our findings is that hydrolyzable tannins, unlike other polyphenols, have been earlier omitted in the evaluation of the biological activities of C. mas. Additionally, the potential recovery of these bioactive chemicals from the byproduct is in line with the ideas of green chemistry and sustainable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Iwona Cybulska
- Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
| | - Tomasz Sozański
- Department of Pharmacology, Wrocław Medical University, Jana Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Narcyz Piórecki
- Arboretum and Institute of Physiography in Bolestraszyce, 37-700 Przemyśl, Poland;
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Towarnickiego 3, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Izabela Fecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
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45
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Polyphenols profile of pomegranate leaves and their role in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14851. [PMID: 32908245 PMCID: PMC7481211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study reports on polyphenols profile of pomegranate leaves (PL) Punica granatum grown in Egypt and exhibiting their role in development of an eco-friendly method of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). PL aqueous alcohol extract was fractionated, the major phenolic compound was isolated from the polyphenols rich fraction (ethyl acetate fraction) and identified by conventional and spectroscopic methods of analysis as ellagic acid. Furthermore, the fraction was standardized and analysed using UPLC-PDA-UV and LC–MS-MS techniques revealing tentative identification of 23 polyphenolic compounds, quantifying ellagic acid as 43.14 ± 0.57 μg/mg of the fraction. AgNPs were successfully synthesized with the aid of polyphenols rich fraction. This is the first report revealing the systematic optimization of the green synthesis process using various independent variables. AgNPs were characterized by adopting UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and SEM, which revealed strong SPR band within average of λ max 425 nm and polygonal shaped nanoparticles of 26.22 nm size, respectively. The antimicrobial efficacies of AgNPs and polyphenols rich fraction were tested against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Sarcina lutea), Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (Candida albicans). AgNPs showed a concentration-dependent activity against all the tested microorganisms.
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46
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Roxo M, Peixoto H, Wetterauer P, Lima E, Wink M. Piquiá Shells ( Caryocar villosum): A Fruit by-Product with Antioxidant and Antiaging Properties in Caenorhabditis elegans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7590707. [PMID: 32908638 PMCID: PMC7468659 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7590707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In a context of rising demand for sustainable antiaging interventions, fruit processing by-products are a promising source of bioactive compounds for the production of antiaging dietary supplements. Piquiá (Caryocar villosum) is a native Amazonian fruit consisting of 65% nonedible shells. In the present study, the phytochemical profile of a hydroalcoholic extract of piquiá shells (CV) was characterized by LC-MS/MS analysis. Its antioxidant and antiaging activities were investigated using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model. CV is mainly composed by hydrolysable tannins and triterpenoid saponins. The extract enhanced stress resistance of wild-type and mutant worms by reducing the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by increasing their survival against a lethal dose of the prooxidant juglone. These effects involved the upregulation of sod-3 and downregulation of gst-4 and hsp-16.2, studied through the GFP fluorescent reporter intensity and at the transcriptional level by qRT-PCR analysis. CV extended the lifespan of wild-type worms in a DAF-16/FoxO- and SKN-1/Nrf-dependent manner. Taken together, our findings indicate piquiá shells as potential candidates for nutraceutical applications. Further studies are needed to validate the relevance of our findings to antiaging interventions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Roxo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Herbenya Peixoto
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pille Wetterauer
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emerson Lima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), General Rodrigo 6200, 69077-000 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Lachowicz S, Oszmiański J, Rapak A, Ochmian I. Profile and Content of Phenolic Compounds in Leaves, Flowers, Roots, and Stalks of Sanguisorba officinalis L. Determined with the LC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis and Their In Vitro Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Antiproliferative Potency. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E191. [PMID: 32806688 PMCID: PMC7464974 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to accurately determine the profile of polyphenols using the highly sensitive LC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS technique and to determine in vitro antioxidant activity, the ability of inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucoamylase, and pancreatic lipase activity, and antiproliferative activity in leaves, flowers, roots, and stalks of medical plant Sanguisorba officinalis L. The results of the analysis of the morphological parts indicated the presence of 130 polyphenols, including 62 that were detected in S. officinalis L. for the first time. The prevailing group was tannins, with contents ranging from 66.4% of total polyphenols in the flowers to 43.3% in the stalks. The highest content of polyphenols was identified in the flowers and reached 14,444.97 mg/100 g d.b., while the lowest was noted in the stalks and reached 4606.33 mg/100 g d.b. In turn, the highest values of the antiradical and reducing capacities were determined in the leaves and reached 6.63 and 0.30 mmol TE/g d.b, respectively. In turn, a high ability to inhibit activities of α-amylase and α-glucoamylase was noted in the flowers, while a high ability to inhibit the activity of pancreatic lipase was demonstrated in the leaves of S. officinalis L. In addition, the leaves and the flowers showed the most effective antiproliferative properties in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer, and T-cell leukemia cells, whereas the weakest activity was noted in the stalks. Thus, the best dietetic material to be used when composing functional foods were the leaves and the flowers of S. officinalis L., while the roots and the stalks were equally valuable plant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Lachowicz
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan Oszmiański
- Department of Fruit, Vegetables and Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Rapak
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Ochmian
- Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
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