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Fan X, Zhou L, Xing Y, Wang L, Choi SS, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Liu C, Zhu Y, Fu Z, Han L. A comprehensive investigation on the chemical changes of traditional Chinese medicine with classic processing technology: Polygonum multiflorum under nine cycles of steaming and sunning as a case study. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1733-1744. [PMID: 38347251 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in the clinical application, which usually has the function of "increasing efficiency and reducing toxicity". Polygonum multiflorum (PM) has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity, while it is believed that the toxicity is reduced after processing. Studies have shown that the hepatotoxicity of PM is closely related to the changes in chemical components before and after processing. However, there is no comprehensive investigation on the chemical changes of PM during the processing progress. In this research, we established a comprehensive method to profile both small molecule compounds and polysaccharides from raw and different processed PM samples. In detail, an online two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (2D-LC/Q-Orbitrap MS) was utilized to investigate the small molecules, and a total of 150 compounds were characterized successfully. After multivariate statistical analysis, 49 differential compounds between raw and processed products were screened out. Furthermore, an accurate and comprehensive method for quantification of differential compounds in PM samples was established based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/Q-Orbitrap-MS (UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS) within 16 min. In addition, the changes of polysaccharides in different PM samples were analyzed, and it was found that the addition of black beans and steaming times would affect the content and composition of polysaccharides in PM significantly. Our work provided a reference basis for revealing the scientific connotation of the processing technology and increasing the quality control and safety of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shin Sik Choi
- The Natural Science Research Institute, Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, 17058, Korea
| | - Zixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nankai University Affiliated Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Zhifei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Yang X, Zeng P, Wen J, Wang C, Yao L, He M. Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography combined with chemometric approaches. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:27-41. [PMID: 38375051 PMCID: PMC10874776 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possess a rich historical background, unique theoretical framework, remarkable therapeutic efficacy, and abundant resources. However, the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown mechanisms. To gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality control of TCMs, there is an urgent need to enhance analytical techniques. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) chromatography, which incorporates two independent separation mechanisms, demonstrates superior separation capabilities compared to the traditional one-dimensional (1D) separation system when analyzing TCMs samples. Over the past decade, new techniques have been continuously developed to gain actionable insights from complex samples. This review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs, encompassing 2D-gas chromatography (GC), 2D-liquid chromatography (LC), as well as emerging three-dimensional (3D)-GC, 3D-LC, and their associated data-processing approaches. These studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical analysis. Nevertheless, the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing tools. Considering that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field, further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Pingping Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Chuanlin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Liangyuan Yao
- Hunan Qianjin Xiangjiang Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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Du K, Liu T, Ma W, Guo J, Chen S, Wen J, Zhou R, Cui Y, Wang S, Li L, Li J, Chang Y. A global profiling strategy for identification of the total constituents in Chinese herbal medicine based on online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with intelligentized chemical classification guidance. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1710:464387. [PMID: 37757527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive strategy for effective identification of total constituents in Chinese patent medicine has been advanced applying full scan-preferred parent ions capture-static and active exclusion (FS-PIC-SAE) acquisition coupled with intelligent deep-learning supported mass defect filter (MDF) process, with Naoxintong capsule (NXT) as a case. Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2DLC) coupled with Q-TOF-MS/MS system was established for obtaining the excellent separation and detection performance of total components, which could exhibit excellent peak capacity with 1052 and orthogonality with 0.69. In addition, a total of 901 unknown compounds could be classified into nine chemical classes rapidly and effectively, based on the intelligent deep-learning algorithm supported MDF model with 96.4% accuracy. Consequently, 276 compounds were successfully identified from NXT, especially including 44 flavonoids, 27 phenolic acids, 25 fatty acids, 17 saponins, 21 phthalocyanines, 20 triterpenes, 10 monoterpenes, 13 diterpenoid ketones, 14 amino acids, and others. It is concluded that the proposed program is an effective and practical strategy enabling the in-depth chemical profiling of complex herbal and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wentao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiading Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiake Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shuangqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Wu S, Huang Q, Sheng F, Zhang L, Zou L, Yang L, Cao J, Pang X, Ning N, Li P. Identification of potential quality markers of Zishen Yutai pill based on spectrum-effect relationship analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1211304. [PMID: 37397490 PMCID: PMC10311498 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1211304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The current quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is difficult to attribute to clinical efficacy due to the complexity of TCM. Zishen Yutai pill (ZYP), a well-known traditional Chinese patent medicine, has been widely used to prevent recurrent miscarriage and treat threatened abortion. However, the chemical components of ZYP are unknown, and there is no convincing quality control method applied on ZYP. Although ZYP has been found to promote endometrial receptivity and treat impending abortion, the substantial basis of the therapeutic effects is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the quality markers correlated with the potential medicinal activities and provide a theoretical foundation for scientific quality control and product quality improvement of ZYP. Methods: The chemical constituents of ZYP were comprehensively analyzed by offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (2DLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS). The efficacy of the 27 ZYP orthogonal groups was investigated using the HTR-8/SVneo oxidative damage model and migration model in vitro, as well as the endometrial receptivity disorder mouse model and premature ovarian failure mouse model in vivo. Based on the efficacy and mass spectral results, spectrum-effect relationship analysis was used to identify the chemical components with corresponding pharmacological activities. Results: A total of 589 chemical components were found in ZYP, of which 139 were not identified in the literature. The potential quality markers for ZYP were successfully identified through orthogonal design and spectrum-effect relationship analysis. By combining mass spectrum data and pharmacological results of 27 orthogonal groups, 39 substances were identified as potential quality markers. Conclusion: The approaches used in this study will provide a feasible strategy for the discovery of quality markers with bioactivity and further investigation into the quality evaluation of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Qiuling Huang
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiya Sheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lele Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jiliang Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiufei Pang
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Ning
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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Chemical Profiling and Quantification of Potential Bioactive Components in Gandouling Pill by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Diode Array Detector/Quadruple-Qrbitrap Mass Spectrometry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238247. [PMID: 36500340 PMCID: PMC9740684 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gandouling (GDL) Pill is a novel Traditional Chinese medicinal drug to treat Wilson's disease in clinics. It is composed of six separate herbal medicines, including Rhei Radix ET Rhizoma, Coptidis Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix ET Rhizoma, Spatholobi Caulis, Curcumae Rhizoma, and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma. In this study, a strategy was proposed to investigate the chemical constituents and to quantify the potential bioactive components in GDL Pill. Firstly, the mass fragmentation behaviors of representative compounds were investigated, and, in total, 69 compounds were characterized in GDL Pill using full scan/dd-MS2 scan mode by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS). These compounds included 18 alkaloids, 18 ketones, 16 phenolic compounds, 11 organic acids, and 6 tanshinones. Seventeen of the compounds were unambiguously identified by comparison with reference standards. Secondly, the absorption components of GDL Pill in rat plasma were investigated by using target-Selected Ion Monitoring (t-SIM) scan mode built in Q-Orbitrap MS. A total of 18 components were detected, which were considered as potential bioactive components of GDL Pill. Thirdly, 10 major absorption components were simultaneously determined in six batches of samples by UPLC/diode array detector (DAD). The method was fully validated with respect to linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery. Alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma, such as coptisine (8), berberine (18), palmatine (19), were the most abundant bioactive compounds for GDL Pill that possess the potential be used as quality markers. The proposed strategy is practical and efficient for revealing the material basis of GDL Pill, and also provides a simple and accurate method for quality control.
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Unraveling the mystery of efficacy in Chinese medicine formula: New approaches and technologies for research on pharmacodynamic substances. ARAB J CHEM 2022; 15:104302. [PMID: 36189434 PMCID: PMC9514000 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the key to unlock treasures of Chinese civilization. TCM and its compound play a beneficial role in medical activities to cure diseases, especially in major public health events such as novel coronavirus epidemics across the globe. The chemical composition in Chinese medicine formula is complex and diverse, but their effective substances resemble "mystery boxes". Revealing their active ingredients and their mechanisms of action has become focal point and difficulty of research for herbalists. Although the existing research methods are numerous and constantly updated iteratively, there is remain a lack of prospective reviews. Hence, this paper provides a comprehensive account of existing new approaches and technologies based on previous studies with an in vitro to in vivo perspective. In addition, the bottlenecks of studies on Chinese medicine formula effective substances are also revealed. Especially, we look ahead to new perspectives, technologies and applications for its future development. This work reviews based on new perspectives to open horizons for the future research. Consequently, herbal compounding pharmaceutical substances study should carry on the essence of TCM while pursuing innovations in the field.
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Key Words
- 2D, Two Dimensional
- 3D, Three Dimensional
- ADME, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion
- AFA DESI-MSI, Air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging
- AI, Artificial Intelligence
- Active ingredient
- CDE, Center for Drug Evaluation
- COX-2, Cyclooxygenase 2
- Chemical components
- Chinese medicine formula
- Compound
- Disease Targets
- GC-MS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- HPLC, High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- HR-MS, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
- HTS, High Throughput Screening
- HUA, hyperuricemia
- ICPMS, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
- MALDI MS, Matrix for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
- MD, Microdialysis
- MI, Molecular imprinting
- MSI, Mass spectrometry imaging
- Mass Spectrometry
- NL/PR, Neutral loss/precursor ion
- NMPA, National Medical Products Administration
- OPLS-DA, Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis
- PD, Pharmacodynamic
- PK, Pharmacokinetic
- Q-TOF/MS, Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- QSAR, Quantitative structure-activity relationship
- QqQ-MS, Triple quadruple mass spectrometry
- R-strategy, Reduce strategy
- TCM, Traditional Chinese medicine
- UF, Affinity ultrafiltration
- UPLC, Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
- XO, Xanthine oxidase
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尚 展, 易 阳, 余 蓉, 范 婧, 黄 昱, 乔 雪, 叶 敏. [Bioactive compounds of Jingfang Granules against SARS-CoV-2 virus proteases 3CL pro and PL pro]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2022; 54:907-919. [PMID: 36241233 PMCID: PMC9568378 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Jingfang Granules have been recommended for the prevention and treatment of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Through chemical analysis and bioactivity evaluation, this study aims to elucidate the potential effective components of Jingfang Granules. METHODS The inhibitory acti-vities of Jingfang Granules extract against 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), papain like protease (PLpro), spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) and human cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were evaluated using enzyme assay. The antitussive effects were evaluated using the classical ammonia-induced cough model. The chemical constituents of Jingfang Granules were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The 3CLpro and PLpro inhibitory activities of the major compounds were determined by enzyme assay, molecular docking, and site-directed mutagenesis. RESULTS Jingfang Granules exhibited 3CLpro and PLpro inhibitory activities, as well as COX-2 inhibitory and antitussive activities. By investigating the MS/MS behaviors of reference standards, a total of fifty-six compounds were characterized in Jingfang Granules. Sixteen of them were unambiguously identified by comparing with reference standards. The contents of the 16 major compounds were also determined, and their total contents were 2 498.8 μg/g. Naringin, nodakenin and neohesperidin were three dominating compounds in Jingfang Granules, and their contents were 688.8, 596.4 and 578.7 μg/g, respectively. In addition, neohesperidin and naringin exhibited PLpro inhibitory activities, and the inhibition rates at 8 μmol/L were 53.5% and 46.1%, respectively. Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin showed significant inhibitory activities against 3CLpro and PLpro, and the inhibitory rates at 8 μmol/L were 76.8% and 78.2%, respectively. Molecular docking indicated that hydrogen bonds could be formed between prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and amino acid residues H163, E166, Q192, T190 of 3CLpro (binding energy, -7.7 kcal/mol) and K157, D164, R166, E167, T301 of PLpro(-7.3 kcal/mol), respectively. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated amino acid residue K157 was a key active site for the interaction between prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and PLpro. CONCLUSION Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, neohesperidin, and naringin as the major compounds from Jingfang Granules could inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus proteases 3CLpro and PLpro. The results are valuable for rational clinical use of Jingfang Granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- 展鹏 尚
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 阳 易
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 蓉 余
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 婧婧 范
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 昱曦 黄
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 雪 乔
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 敏 叶
- />北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京大学云南白药国际医学研究中心,北京 100191State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Wang M, Xu XY, Wang HD, Wang HM, Liu MY, Hu WD, Chen BX, Jiang MT, Qi J, Li XH, Yang WZ, Gao XM. A multi-dimensional liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry approach combined with computational data processing for the comprehensive characterization of the multicomponents from Cuscuta chinensis. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ye X, Xiong L, Fu Q, Wang B, Wang Y, Zhang K, Yang J, Kantawong F, Kumsaiyai W, Zhou J, Lan C, Wu J, Zeng J. Chemical characterization and DPP-IV inhibitory activity evaluation of tripeptides from Gynura divaricata (L.) DC. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115203. [PMID: 35304277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gynura divaricata (L.) DC. (GD), a herbal medicine, has been used for the prevention and treatment of hyperglycemia in China. However, hypoglycemic ingredients within GD have not yet been well studied. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to explore undiscovered compounds with dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activity within GD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A four-step strategy was developed to explore undiscovered DPP-IV inhibitors within GD. First, the components were preliminarily characterized using UHPLC-HRMS combined with a library search. Second, preliminarily characterized compounds were searched for potential bioactivity. Third, a mixture of these preliminarily characterized compounds was isolated and thoroughly characterized based on fragmentation patterns associated with molecular networking. Fourth, the activities of these compounds were verified using DPP-IV inhibitory assay and molecular docking. RESULTS Diprotin A, a tripeptide inhibitor against DPP-IV, was identified. Thereafter, a mixture of twenty-five diprotin A analogs was isolated and characterized, which exhibited IC50 of 0.40 mg/mL for DPP-IV. Molecular docking results also confirmed the interactions between the tripeptide analogs and DPP-IV mainly via H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of DPP-IV inhibitors within GD. These findings demonstrate that the extract of GD might be beneficial for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is expected to promote further development and utilization of GD in herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Ling Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Binyou Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Yiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Kailian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Faculty Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Fahsai Kantawong
- Faculty Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Warunee Kumsaiyai
- Faculty Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Luzhou, China; Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Cai Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Luzhou, China; Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Luzhou, China; Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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10
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Peng Y, Chen Z, Li Y, Lu Q, Li H, Han Y, Sun D, Li X. Combined therapy of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral liquid and azithromycin for mycoplasma Pneumoniae pneumonia in children: A systematic review & meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153899. [PMID: 35026500 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) has high morbidity with an increased global burden. Xiaoer Feire Kechuan (XEFRKC) oral liquid comprises multiple herbal medicines and possesses numerous broad-spectrum antibacterial activities for MPP. Therefore, treatment options with XEFRKC to provide new clinical evidence for children with MPP needs to be explored. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined treatment of XEFRKC with azithromycin (XEFRKC + azithromycin) for treating the MPP in children. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search in 7 databases to find the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of XEFRKC + azithromycin treatment. Two researchers independently review the retrieval, extraction, and quality assessment of the dataset. In addition, we conducted the effect model to analyze the data and performed the meta-regression with sensitivity analysis to assess the heterogeneity and stability. RESULTS A total of 30 RCTs with 2997 participants were included in this review. The results of primary outcomes showed that the XEFRKC + azithromycin therapy was significantly different with the azithromycin in response rate (RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.22), fever disappearance time (MD = -1.01, 95% CI: -1.18 to -0.84), cough disappearance time (MD = -2.18, 95% CI: -2.69 to -1.67), and pulmonary rales disappearance time (MD = -1.3, 95% CI: -1.71 to -0.88). For secondary outcomes and safety as well, XEFRKC + azithromycin had a significant difference compared with azithromycin. Meta-regression results showed that multiple covariables were not the source of heterogeneity. Moreover, sensitivity analysis showed that the stability of the meta-analysis results remained robust. CONCLUSIONS For MPP in children, the XEFRKC + azithromycin therapy may be the better option compared with azithromycin alone. However, the accuracy of safety needs to be confirmed and verified with more high-quality RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Qiu Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Huanmin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yaowei Han
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Xinmin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China.
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11
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Shen A, Zhou W, Xiong L, Jin H, Yu L, Wu H, Yu W, Yu D, Guo Z, Liu Y, Liang X. Chemical profiling of Qingfei Paidu Decoction by triplex off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1162-1169. [PMID: 35000274 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Qingfei Paidu Decoction is a Chinese medicine formula which has been proved effective in the treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019. However, the comprehensive separation and characterization of Qingfei Paidu Decoction is of great challenge due to the diversity of chemical components in a wide range of polarity. In this study, a triplex off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) is developed for the analysis of Qingfei Paidu Decoction. One reversed phase LC×hydrophilic interaction LC system and two reversed phase LC×reversed phase LC systems were constructed to separate polar components and weak-polar components in Qingfei Paidu Decoction, respectively. Benefiting from the good orthogonality of two-dimensional LC and high sensitivity of quadrupole time-of-flight MS, chemical components with different polarities and content were discovered. A total of 749 peaks were detected in positive and negative ionization mode, and presented as a four-dimensional data plot. Meanwhile, 498 compounds belonging to 14 categories were tentatively identified. These results provide good supplementary to elucidate the material basis of Qingfei Paidu Decoction. The triplex off-line two-dimensional LC-quadrupole time-of-flight MS strategy can be a powerful and efficient tool for the separation and characterization of chemical substances in traditional Chinese medicine formulas. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijin Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Lele Xiong
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Long Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Dongping Yu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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