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Patil S, Sastry M, Bharde A. Size and Shape Directed Novel Green Synthesis of Plasmonic Nanoparticles Using Bacterial Metabolites and Their Anticancer Effects. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:866849. [PMID: 35495716 PMCID: PMC9040069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.866849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing need for developing new synthesis methods of plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs) stems from their various applications in nanotechnology. As a result, a variety of protocols have been developed for the synthesis of PNPs of different shapes, sizes, and compositions. Though widely practiced, the chemical synthesis of PNPs demands stringent control over the experimental conditions, often employs environmentally hazardous chemicals for surface stabilization, and is frequently energy-intensive. Additionally, chemically obtained PNPs require subsequent surface engineering steps for various optoelectronic and biomedicine applications to minimize the toxic effects and render them useful for targeted drug delivery, sensing, and imaging. Considering the pressing need to develop environmentally-friendly technology solutions, “greener” methods of nanoparticle synthesis are gaining importance. Here, we report on the biological synthesis of plasmonic nanoparticles using bacterial metabolites. A peptide-based siderophore pyoverdine and a blue-green pigment pyocyanin obtained from a marine strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa rapidly produced plasmonic nanoparticles of gold and silver in an aqueous environment. The morphology of plasmonic nanoparticles could be modulated by tuning the concentration of these metabolites and the reaction time. The exposure of pyoverdine to chloroauric acid resulted in anisotropic gold nanoparticles. On the other hand, pyocyanin produced a highly monodispersed population of gold nanoparticles and anisotropic silver nanoparticles. Biologically obtained gold and silver nanoparticles retained pyoverdine and pyocyanin on the nanoparticle surface and were stable for an extended period of time. The biologically obtained gold and silver plasmonic nanoparticles displayed potent anticancer activities against metastatic lung cancer cells. Biogenic nanoparticles were rapidly internalized by cancer cells in high quantity to affect the cellular organization, and karyoplasmic ratio, indicating the potential of these nanoparticles for cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Patil
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Murali Sastry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Atul Bharde
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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2
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Naughton KL, Boedicker JQ. Simulations to Aid in the Design of Microbes for Synthesis of Metallic Nanomaterials. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:3475-3488. [PMID: 34807578 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbes are champions of nanomaterial synthesis. By virtue of their incredible native range─from thermal vents to radioactive soil─microbes evolved tools to thrive on inorganic material, and, in their normal course of living, forge nanomaterials. In recent decades, synthetic biologists have engineered a vast array of functional nanomaterials using genetic tools that control the natural ability of bacteria to perform complex redox chemistry, maintain steep chemical gradients, and express biomolecular scaffolds. Leveraging microbial biology can lead to intricate nanomaterial architectures whose design and assembly exists beyond the ken of inorganic methods. Theories enumerating microbial nanomaterial synthesis are spare, however, despite the advantage they could offer. Here, we describe a theoretical approach to simulating biogenic nanomaterial synthesis that incorporates key features and parameters of Gram-negative bacteria. By adapting previously verified inorganic theories of nanoparticle synthesis, we recapitulate past biogenic experiments, such as the ability to localize nanoparticle synthesis or regulate nucleation of specific nanomaterials. Moreover, the simulation offers direction in the design of future experiments. Our results demonstrate the promise of marrying experimental and theoretical approaches to microbial nanomaterial synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L. Naughton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0484, United States
| | - James Q. Boedicker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0484, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0371, United States
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3
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Biofabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles@graphene oxide nanocomposite using Annona muricata leaf extract and its antibacterial and photocatalytic activity. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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4
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Smit SM, Buisman CJN, Bitter JH, Strik DPBTB. Cyclic Voltammetry is Invasive on Microbial Electrosynthesis. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M. Smit
- Environmental Technology Wageningen University and Research Axis-Z Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology Wageningen University and Research Axis-Z Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Cees J. N. Buisman
- Environmental Technology Wageningen University and Research Axis-Z Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. Bitter
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology Wageningen University and Research Axis-Z Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - David P. B. T. B. Strik
- Environmental Technology Wageningen University and Research Axis-Z Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands
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5
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Singh KR, Nayak V, Singh J, Singh AK, Singh RP. Potentialities of bioinspired metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in biomedical sciences. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24722-24746. [PMID: 35481029 PMCID: PMC9036962 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, various reports have shown that metallic gold bhasma at the nanoscale form was used as medicine as early as 2500 B.C. in India, China, and Egypt. Owing to their unique physicochemical, biological, and electronic properties, they have broad utilities in energy, environment, agriculture and more recently, the biomedical field. The biomedical domain has been used in drug delivery, imaging, diagnostics, therapeutics, and biosensing applications. In this review, we will discuss and highlight the increasing control over metal and metal oxide nanoparticle structures as smart nanomaterials utilized in the biomedical domain to advance the role of biosynthesized nanoparticles for improving human health through wide applications in the targeted drug delivery, controlled release drug delivery, wound dressing, tissue scaffolding, and medical implants. In addition, we have discussed concerns related to the role of these types of nanoparticles as an anti-viral agent by majorly highlighting the ways to combat the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, along with their prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Rb Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V.Y.T. PG Autonomous College Durg Chhattisgarh (491001) India
| | - Vanya Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Madhya Pradesh (484886) India +91-91-0934-6565
| | - Jay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi Uttar Pradesh (221005) India
| | - Ajaya Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V.Y.T. PG Autonomous College Durg Chhattisgarh (491001) India
| | - Ravindra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Madhya Pradesh (484886) India +91-91-0934-6565
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6
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Qi S, Miao Y, Chen J, Chu H, Tian B, Wu B, Li Y, Xin B. Controlled Biosynthesis of ZnCdS Quantum Dots with Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1357. [PMID: 34063843 PMCID: PMC8224081 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of visible-light-responsive photocatalysts with high efficiency, stability, and eco-friendly nature is beneficial to the large-scale application of solar hydrogen production. In this work, the production of biosynthetic ternary ZnCdS photocatalysts (Eg = 2.35-2.72 eV) by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) under mild conditions was carried out for the first time. The huge amount of biogenic S2- and inherent extracellular proteins (EPs) secreted by SRB are important components of rapid extracellular biosynthesis. The ternary ZnCdS QDs at different molar ratios of Zn2+and Cd2+ from 15:1 to 1:1 were monodisperse spheres with good crystallinity and average crystallite size of 6.12 nm, independent of the molar ratio of Cd2+ to Zn2+. All the ZnCdS QDs had remarkable photocatalytic activity and stability for hydrogen evolution under visible light, without noble metal cocatalysts. Especially, ZnCdS QDs at Zn/Cd = 3:1 showed the highest H2 production activity of 3.752 mmol·h-1·g-1. This excellent performance was due to the high absorption of visible light, the high specific surface area, and the lower recombination rate between photoexcited electrons and holes. The adhered inherent EPs on the ZnCdS QDs slowed down the photocorrosion and improved the stability in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. This study provides a new direction for solar hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Baoping Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (S.Q.); (Y.M.); (J.C.); (H.C.); (B.T.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
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7
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Nayak V, Singh KRB, Singh AK, Singh RP. Potentialities of selenium nanoparticles in biomedical science. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05884j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have revolutionized biomedical domain and are still developing rapidly. Hence, this perspective elaborates SeNPs properties, synthesis, and biomedical applications, together with their potential for management of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanya Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology
- Faculty of Science
- Indira Gandhi National Tribal University
- Amarkantak
- India
| | - Kshitij RB Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College
- Durg
- India
| | - Ajaya Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College
- Durg
- India
| | - Ravindra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology
- Faculty of Science
- Indira Gandhi National Tribal University
- Amarkantak
- India
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8
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Qi S, Chen J, Bai X, Miao Y, Yang S, Qian C, Wu B, Li Y, Xin B. Quick extracellular biosynthesis of low-cadmium Zn xCd 1−xS quantum dots with full-visible-region tuneable high fluorescence and its application potential assessment in cell imaging. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21813-21823. [PMID: 35478832 PMCID: PMC9034088 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04371d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles/QDs has been universally recognized as environmentally sound and energy-saving, generating less pollution and having good biocompatibility, which is most needed in biological and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Xianwei Bai
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Yahui Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- Everdisplay Optronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd
- Shanghai 201506
- P. R. China
| | - Can Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Borong Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Baoping Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
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9
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Presentato A, Piacenza E, Turner RJ, Zannoni D, Cappelletti M. Processing of Metals and Metalloids by Actinobacteria: Cell Resistance Mechanisms and Synthesis of Metal(loid)-Based Nanostructures. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E2027. [PMID: 33352958 PMCID: PMC7767326 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8122027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal(loid)s have a dual biological role as micronutrients and stress agents. A few geochemical and natural processes can cause their release in the environment, although most metal-contaminated sites derive from anthropogenic activities. Actinobacteria include high GC bacteria that inhabit a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic ecological niches, where they play essential roles in recycling or transforming organic and inorganic substances. The metal(loid) tolerance and/or resistance of several members of this phylum rely on mechanisms such as biosorption and extracellular sequestration by siderophores and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and metal efflux processes, which overall contribute to maintaining metal homeostasis. Considering the bioprocessing potential of metal(loid)s by Actinobacteria, the development of bioremediation strategies to reclaim metal-contaminated environments has gained scientific and economic interests. Moreover, the ability of Actinobacteria to produce nanoscale materials with intriguing physical-chemical and biological properties emphasizes the technological value of these biotic approaches. Given these premises, this review summarizes the strategies used by Actinobacteria to cope with metal(loid) toxicity and their undoubted role in bioremediation and bionanotechnology fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Presentato
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Elena Piacenza
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Raymond J. Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Calgary University, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Davide Zannoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.Z.); (M.C.)
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10
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Ganesan K, Jothi VK, Natarajan A, Rajaram A, Ravichandran S, Ramalingam S. Green synthesis of Copper oxide nanoparticles decorated with graphene oxide for anticancer activity and catalytic applications. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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11
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TiO2 Nanoparticles and Epoxy-TiO2 Nanocomposites: A Review of Synthesis, Modification Strategies, and Photocatalytic Potentialities. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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Titanium dioxide nanotubes incorporated gellan gum bio-nanocomposite film for wound healing: Effect of TiO2 nanotubes concentration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:1117-1135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Garcés V, González A, Sabio L, Sánchez-Arévalo CM, Gálvez N, Dominguez-Vera JM. Magnetic and Golden Yogurts. Food as a Potential Nanomedicine Carrier. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13020481. [PMID: 31963902 PMCID: PMC7014100 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Yogurt is one of the most emblematic and popular fermented foods. It is produced by the fermentation of milk lactose by bacteria such as Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Magnetic (MNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were incorporated into the exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of these bacteria. The functionalized bacteria were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. A large number of MNPs and AuNPs were bound to the bacterial EPS. Interestingly, the nanoparticles' (NPs) presence did not affect the bacteria's capacity to ferment milk and to produce magnetic and golden yogurts. Magnetic and golden yogurts represent the perfect combination of emblematic food and nanoparticles and have a range of potential biomedical applications: use in iron-deficiency anemia, diagnosis and hyperthermia treatment of appropriate digestive diseases, and interest in glamour cuisine.
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14
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Bhuyar P, Rahim MHA, Sundararaju S, Ramaraj R, Maniam GP, Govindan N. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using marine macroalgae Padina sp. and its antibacterial activity towards pathogenic bacteria. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-019-0031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Marine algae used as a food source for ocean life and range in color from red to green to brown grow along rocky shorelines around the world. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles by marine alga Padina sp. and its characterization were fulfilled by using UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
Results
UV-visible absorption spectrum revealed that the formation of Ag nanoparticles was increased by the addition of marine algae and the spectral peak observed between a wavelength of ~ 420 nm and 445 nm. In addition, SEM and FESEM images examined the surface morphology and the size of the synthesized NPs was relatively uniform in size ~ 25–60 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the purity of Ag NPs with atomic percentage of 48.34% Ag. The synthesized Ag NPs showed highly potent antibacterial activity. The Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to be more susceptible to silver nanoparticles by forming 15.17 ± 0.58 mm and 13.33 ± 0.76 mm of diameter of the inhibition zone, respectively.
Conclusions
The study suggested that marine alga Padina sp. could be an alternative source for the production of Ag nanoparticles and are efficient antimicrobial compounds against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria which can be a promising material against infectious bacteria.
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15
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Park YS, Kim G, Lee JS. Anisotropic Silicification of Nanostructured Surfaces by Local Liquid-Phase Deposition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:12656-12664. [PMID: 31490695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of the bioinspired silicification of artificial scaffolds is crucial to understanding and engineering the hierarchically complex and elaborate three-dimensional (3D) frustules of diatoms, which have high porosity and mechanical stability with related gas diffusion and storage properties. Herein, we report on the bioinspired silicification of the nanostructured surfaces of hexagonally close-packed silica bead (hc-SB) arrays using a liquid-phase deposition (LPD) method. This process, governed by the kinetics of silicification, was controlled using the concentration of the reactants and the reaction temperature and monitored in real time using a quartz-crystal microbalance, which allowed the investigation of the silicification on the surface during the LPD reaction. These heterogeneous LPD reactions on hc-SB arrays were optimized to mimic natural 3D hierarchical structures. Anisotropic silicification of the nanostructures occurred owing to differences in the energy and local concentration of silicic acid on the nanostructured surface. A 3D hierarchical pore network was realized via a heterogeneous LPD reaction by controlling the size, location, and arrangement of the SBs. We believe that our silicification process on nanostructured surfaces can lead to great improvements in the bioinspired morphogenesis-based engineering of 3D hierarchical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Seul Park
- Materials and Life Science Research Division , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310 , Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310 , Republic of Korea
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16
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Controllable synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Neem leaves and their antimicrobial activity. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves mediated biosynthesis of catalytically active and recyclable silver nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Blueprints for the Next Generation of Bioinspired and Biomimetic Mineralised Composites for Bone Regeneration. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16080288. [PMID: 30127281 PMCID: PMC6117730 DOI: 10.3390/md16080288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccolithophores are unicellular marine phytoplankton, which produce intricate, tightly regulated, exoskeleton calcite structures. The formation of biogenic calcite occurs either intracellularly, forming ‘wheel-like’ calcite plates, or extracellularly, forming ‘tiled-like’ plates known as coccoliths. Secreted coccoliths then self-assemble into multiple layers to form the coccosphere, creating a protective wall around the organism. The cell wall hosts a variety of unique species-specific inorganic morphologies that cannot be replicated synthetically. Although biomineralisation has been extensively studied, it is still not fully understood. It is becoming more apparent that biologically controlled mineralisation is still an elusive goal. A key question to address is how nature goes from basic building blocks to the ultrafine, highly organised structures found in coccolithophores. A better understanding of coccolithophore biomineralisation will offer new insight into biomimetic and bioinspired synthesis of advanced, functionalised materials for bone tissue regeneration. The purpose of this review is to spark new interest in biomineralisation and gain new insight into coccolithophores from a material science perspective, drawing on existing knowledge from taxonomists, geologists, palaeontologists and phycologists.
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Voeikova TA, Zhuravliova OA, Bulushova NV, Veiko VP, Ismagulova TT, Lupanova TN, Shaitan KV, Debabov VG. The “Protein Corona” of Silver-Sulfide Nanoparticles Obtained Using Gram-Negative and -Positive Bacteria. MOLECULAR GENETICS, MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416817040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Sakimoto KK, Kornienko N, Cestellos-Blanco S, Lim J, Liu C, Yang P. Physical Biology of the Materials–Microorganism Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1978-1985. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey K. Sakimoto
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department
of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nikolay Kornienko
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Cestellos-Blanco
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jongwoo Lim
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Chong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoSciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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21
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Shoeibi S, Mozdziak P, Golkar-Narenji A. Biogenesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Green Chemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:88. [PMID: 29124492 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Selenium binds some enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, which may be activated in biological infections and oxidative stress. Chemical and physical methods for synthesizing nanoparticles, apart from being expensive, have their own particular risks. However, nanoparticle synthesis through green chemistry is a safe procedure that different biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and plants can be the catalyst bed for processing. Synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by macro/microorganisms causes variation in morphology and shape of the particles is due to diversity of reduction enzymes in organisms. Reducing enzymes of microorganisms by changing the status of redox convert metal ions (Se2-) to SeNPs without charge (Se0). Biological activity of SeNPs includes their protective role against DNA oxidation. Because of the biological and industrial properties, SeNPs have wide applications in the fields of medicine, microelectronic, agriculture and animal husbandry. SeNPs can show strong antimicrobial effects on the growth and proliferation of microorganisms in a dose-dependent manner. The objective of this review is to consider SeNPs applications to various organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shoeibi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Graduate Physiology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Afsaneh Golkar-Narenji
- Department of Genetic, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Cissus quadrangularis mediated ecofriendly synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and its antifungal studies against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 80:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Rapid colorimetric detection of mercury using biosynthesized gold nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Pantidos N, Edmundson MC, Horsfall L. Room temperature bioproduction, isolation and anti-microbial properties of stable elemental copper nanoparticles. N Biotechnol 2017; 40:275-281. [PMID: 29017818 PMCID: PMC5734607 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of elemental, zero-valent copper nanoparticles. Copper nanoparticles synthesised by M. psychrotolerans are stable for up to 3 months. Growth inhibiting properties of copper nanoparticles.
In nanoparticle production there are a number of important considerations that must be made. Producing nanoparticles of uniform size and shape is vital, but no less important is ensuring the production process is as efficient as possible in time, cost and energy. Traditional chemical and physical methods of nanoparticle production often involve high temperatures and pressures, as well as the use of toxic substrates; in contrast the bioproduction of nanoparticles is greener and requires a smaller input of energy resources. Here we outline a method for the straightforward bioproduction of stable, uniform elemental (zero-valent) copper nanoparticles at room temperature, and demonstrate how their size and shape can be modified by subsequent pH manipulation. We also highlight a potential application for these biogenic copper nanoparticles by demonstrating their potential to inhibit bacterial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Pantidos
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Roger Land Building, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C Edmundson
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Roger Land Building, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Horsfall
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Roger Land Building, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, United Kingdom.
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25
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Rostami H, Khosravi F, Mohseni M, Rostami AA. Biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles using isolated bacteria from contaminated sites and its application as an efficient catalyst for hydrazine electrooxidation. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:343-348. [PMID: 28870750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a bacterium resistance to heavy metals was isolated from contaminated areas. An eco-friendly and simple method was found to biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by reducing of aqueous Ag+ using the heavy metals resistance MKH1 bacterium. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. A peak at about 420nm is related to absorption band of AgNPs which confirms by UV-vis spectroscopy. The SEM images showed that the biosynthesized AgNPs have mainly spherical shape with average diameters of 30-60nm. The electro-catalytic properties of AgNPs with different Ag content were investigated by different electrochemical tests. Biosynthesized AgNPs using isolated MKH1 show high catalytic activity and stability towards the oxidation reaction of hydrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Rostami
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Khosravi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mohseni
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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26
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Voeikova TA, Shebanova AS, Ivanov YD, Kaysheva AL, Novikova LM, Zhuravliova OA, Shumyantseva VV, Shaitan KV, Kirpichnikov MP, Debabov VG. The role of proteins of the outer membrane of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in the formation and stabilization of silver sulfide nanoparticles. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683816080081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Verma ML. Fungus-Mediated Bioleaching of Metallic Nanoparticles from Agro-industrial By-Products. Fungal Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68424-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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28
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Kumar B, Smita K, Cumbal L, Debut A, Angulo Y. Biofabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles using Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) fruit and leaf. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Extremophiles as sources of inorganic bio-nanoparticles. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:156. [PMID: 27465856 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Industrial use of nanotechnology in daily life has produced an emphasis on the safe and efficient production of nanoparticles (NPs). Traditional chemical oxidation and reduction methods are seen as inefficient, environmentally unsound, and often dangerous to those exposed and involved in NP manufacturing. However, utilizing microorganisms for biosynthesis of NPs allows efficient green production of a range of inorganic NPs, while maintaining specific size, shape, stability, and dispersity. Microorganisms living under harsh environmental conditions, called "Extremophiles," are one group of microorganisms being utilized for this biosynthesis. Extremophiles' unique living conditions have endowed them with various processes that enable NP biosynthesis. This includes a range of extremophiles: thermophiles, acidophilus, halophiles, psychrophiles, anaerobes, and some others. Fungi, bacteria, yeasts, and archaea, i.e. Ureibacillus thermosphaericus, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus, among others, have been established for NP biosynthesis. This article highlights the extremophiles and methods found to be viable candidates for the production of varying types of NPs, as well as interpreting selective methods used by the organisms to synthesize NPs.
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30
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Transition metal oxide nanoparticles are effective in inhibiting lung cancer cell survival in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 254:221-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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31
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Rösken LM, Cappel F, Körsten S, Fischer CB, Schönleber A, van Smaalen S, Geimer S, Beresko C, Ankerhold G, Wehner S. Time-dependent growth of crystalline Au(0)-nanoparticles in cyanobacteria as self-reproducing bioreactors: 2. Anabaena cylindrica. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:312-27. [PMID: 27335727 PMCID: PMC4901539 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles as needed in catalysis has shown its theoretical ability as an extremely environmentally friendly production method in the last few years, even though the separation of the nanoparticles is challenging. Biosynthesis, summing up biosorption and bioreduction of diluted metal ions to zero valent metals, is especially ecofriendly, when the bioreactor itself is harmless and needs no further harmful reagents. The cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica (SAG 1403.2) is able to form crystalline Au(0)-nanoparticles from Au(3+) ions and does not release toxic anatoxin-a. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) are applied to monitor the time-dependent development of gold nanoparticles for up to 40 hours. Some vegetative cells (VC) are filled with nanoparticles within minutes, while the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of vegetative cells and the heterocyst polysaccharide layer (HEP) are the regions, where the first nanoparticles are detected on most other cells. The uptake of gold starts immediately after incubation and within four hours the average size remains constant around 10 nm. Analyzing the TEM images with an image processing program reveals a wide distribution for the diameter of the nanoparticles at all times and in all regions of the cyanobacteria. Finally, the nanoparticle concentration in vegetative cells of Anabaena cylindrica is about 50% higher than in heterocysts (HC). These nanoparticles are found to be located along the thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz M Rösken
- Universität Koblenz-Landau, Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Physik, 56070 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Felix Cappel
- Universität Koblenz-Landau, Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Physik, 56070 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Susanne Körsten
- Universität Koblenz-Landau, Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Physik, 56070 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Christian B Fischer
- Universität Koblenz-Landau, Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Physik, 56070 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schönleber
- Universität Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl für Kristallographie, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sander van Smaalen
- Universität Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl für Kristallographie, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stefan Geimer
- Universität Bayreuth, Zellbiologie / Elektronenmikroskopie, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Beresko
- Hochschule Koblenz, RheinAhrCampus Remagen, Optics and Laser Engineering, 53424 Remagen, Germany
| | - Georg Ankerhold
- Hochschule Koblenz, RheinAhrCampus Remagen, Optics and Laser Engineering, 53424 Remagen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wehner
- Universität Koblenz-Landau, Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Physik, 56070 Koblenz, Germany
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32
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Martín M, Garcés V, Domínguez-Vera JM, Gálvez N. Magnetism in living magnetically-induced bacteria. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20295k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial magnetically-induced bacteria (AMB) exhibited a magnetic dilution during proliferation. The anisotropic magnetic properties of the 1D AMB nanostructure are enhanced similarly to magnetosomes inside the magnetotactic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martín
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada
- Spain
| | - Victor Garcés
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada
- Spain
| | | | - Natividad Gálvez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada
- Spain
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33
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Madden O, Naughton MD, Moane S, Murray PG. Mycofabrication of common plasmonic colloids, theoretical considerations, mechanism and potential applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 225:37-52. [PMID: 26320607 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A coupling of the plasmon on the surface of metal nanoparticles with an incident photon enhances a broad range of useful optical phenomena, such as resonant light scattering (RLS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) or Raman scattering. Due to these unique optical properties plasmonic nanostructures of different sizes and shapes have gained increasing popularity in areas such as cancer diagnosis, photothermal therapy as well as the imaging of living cells, detection of pathogens, biomolecules, metal ions, and the catalysis of various reactions in wet chemistry. This article reviews the current trends in the synthesis of plasmonic nanoparticles, particularly gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs), using fungi as well as the proposed mechanisms for their mycofabrication. We provide an overview of the theoretical concepts of plasmonic nanoparticles which are sensitive electromagnetic responses that determine these nanoparticles applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Madden
- CHIMERA Research Group, Shannon ABC, Department of Applied Science, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Michael Daragh Naughton
- Bio-inspired Materials and TEMPO Research Groups, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Moane
- CHIMERA Research Group, Shannon ABC, Department of Applied Science, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Patrick G Murray
- CHIMERA Research Group, Shannon ABC, Department of Applied Science, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick, Ireland
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34
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Khan MN, Khan TA, Khan Z, Al-Thabaiti SA. Green synthesis of biogenic silver nanomaterials using Raphanus sativus extract, effects of stabilizers on the morphology, and their antimicrobial activities. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:2397-416. [PMID: 26458821 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores the reducing and capping potentials of aqueous Raphanus sativus root extract for the synthesis of silver nanomaterials for the first time in the absence and presence of two stabilizers, namely, water-soluble starch and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The surface properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) techniques. The mean size of AgNPs, ranging from 3.2 to 6.0 nm, could be facilely controlled by merely varying the initial [extract], [CTAB], [starch], and [Ag(+)] ions. The agglomeration number, average number of silver atoms per nanoparticle, and changes in the fermi potentials were calculated and discussed. The AgNPs were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against different pathogenic organisms. The inhibition action was due to the structural changes in the protein cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naved Khan
- Nano-Science Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Tabrez Alam Khan
- Nano-Science Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zaheer Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Exploring the Possibilities of Biological Fabrication of Gold Nanostructures Using Orange Peel Extract. METALS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/met5031609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Advances in microbial biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:521-34. [PMID: 26300292 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are garnering considerable attention owing to their high potential for use in various applications in the material, electronics, and energy industries. Recent research efforts have focused on the biosynthesis of metal nanomaterials using microorganisms rather than traditional chemical synthesis methods. Microorganisms have evolved to possess molecular machineries for detoxifying heavy metals, mainly by employing metal-binding proteins and peptides. Biosynthesis of diverse metal nanoparticles has recently been demonstrated using such heavy metal detoxification systems in microorganisms, which provides several advantages over the traditional chemical synthesis methods. First, metal nanoparticles can be synthesized at mild temperatures, such as at room temperature, with less energy input. Second, no toxic chemicals or reagents are needed, and thus the process is environmentally friendly. Third, diverse metal nanoparticles, including those that have never been chemically synthesized, can be biosynthesized. Here, we review the strategies for the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles using microorganisms, and provide future prospects.
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37
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Chung IM, Rahuman AA, Marimuthu S, Kirthi AV, Anbarasan K, Rajakumar G. An Investigation of the Cytotoxicity and Caspase-Mediated Apoptotic Effect of Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Eclipta prostrata on Human Liver Carcinoma Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 5:1317-1330. [PMID: 28347066 PMCID: PMC5304643 DOI: 10.3390/nano5031317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and sustained focus is on the discovery and development of newer and better tolerated anticancer drugs, especially from plants. In the present study, a simple, eco-friendly, and inexpensive approach was followed for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Eclipta prostrata. The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and Selected area (electron) diffraction (SAED). The HRTEM images confirmed the presence of triangle, radial, hexagonal, rod, and rectangle, shaped with an average size of 29 ± 1.3 nm. The functional groups for synthesized ZnO NPs were 3852 cm-1 for H-H weak peak, 3138 cm-1 for aromatic C-H extend, and 1648 cm-1 for Aromatic ring stretch. The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT), caspase and DNA fragmentation assays were carried out using various concentrations of ZnO NPs ranging from 1 to 100 mg/mL. The synthesized ZnO NPs showed dose dependent cytopathic effects in the Hep-G2 cell line. At 100 mg/mL concentration, the synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited significant cytotoxic effects and the apoptotic features were confirmed through caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ill-Min Chung
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Abdul Abdul Rahuman
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sampath Marimuthu
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arivarasan Vishnu Kirthi
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Karunanithi Anbarasan
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Govindasamy Rajakumar
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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38
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Valero E, Martín M, Gálvez N, Sánchez P, Raff J, Merroun ML, Dominguez-Vera JM. Nanopatterning of Magnetic CrNi Prussian Blue Nanoparticles Using a Bacterial S-Layer as a Biotemplate. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:6758-62. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Valero
- School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
and Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Natividad Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
and Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Purificación Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
and Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Johannes Raff
- Institute of Resource
Ecology and Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendor, Bautzner Landstrasse 400-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohamed L. Merroun
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendor, Bautzner
Landstrasse 400-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jose M. Dominguez-Vera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
and Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Determination of zinc, cadmium and lead bioavailability in contaminated soils at the single-cell level by a combination of whole-cell biosensors and flow cytometry. SENSORS 2015; 15:8981-99. [PMID: 25894939 PMCID: PMC4431249 DOI: 10.3390/s150408981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zinc, lead and cadmium are metallic trace elements (MTEs) that are widespread in the environment and tend to accumulate in soils because of their low mobility and non-degradability. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the applicability of biosensors as tools able to provide data about the bioavailability of such MTEs in contaminated soils. Here, we tested the genetically-engineered strain Escherichia coli pP(ZntA)gfp as a biosensor applicable to the detection of zinc, lead and cadmium by the biosynthesis of green fluorescent protein (GFP) accumulating inside the cells. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the fluorescence induced by the MTEs. A curvilinear response to zinc between 0 and 25 mg/L and another curvilinear response to cadmium between 0 and 1.5 mg/L were highlighted in liquid media, while lead did not produce exploitable results. The response relating to a Zn2+/Cd2+ ratio of 10 was further investigated. In these conditions, E. coli pP(ZntA)gfp responded to cadmium only. Several contaminated soils with a Zn2+/Cd2+ ratio of 10 were analyzed with the biosensor, and the metallic concentrations were also measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Our results showed that E. coli pP(ZntA)gfp could be used as a monitoring tool for contaminated soils being processed.
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40
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Field effect transistors based on semiconductive microbially synthesized chalcogenide nanofibers. Acta Biomater 2015; 13:364-73. [PMID: 25462841 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial redox activity offers a potentially transformative approach to the low-temperature synthesis of nanostructured inorganic materials. Diverse strains of the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria Shewanella are known to produce photoactive filamentous arsenic sulfide nanomaterials by reducing arsenate and thiosulfate in anaerobic culture conditions. Here we report in situ microscopic observations and measure the thermally activated (79 kJ mol(-1)) precipitation kinetics of high yield (504 mg per liter of culture, 82% of theoretical maximum) extracellular As2S3 nanofibers produced by Shewanella sp. strain ANA-3, and demonstrate their potential in functional devices by constructing field effect transistors (FETs) based on individual nanofibers. The use of strain ANA-3, which possesses both respiratory and detoxification arsenic reductases, resulted in significantly faster nanofiber synthesis than other strains previously tested, mutants of ANA-3 deficient in arsenic reduction, and when compared to abiotic arsenic sulfide precipitation from As(III) and S(2-). Detailed characterization by electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis and Tauc analysis of UV-vis spectrophotometry showed the biogenic precipitate to consist primarily of amorphous As2S3 nanofibers with an indirect optical band gap of 2.37 eV. X-ray diffraction also revealed the presence of crystalline As8S(9-x) minerals that, until recently, were thought to form only at higher temperatures and under hydrothermal conditions. The nanoscale FETs enabled a detailed characterization of the charge mobility (∼10(-5) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)) and gating behavior of the heterogeneously doped nanofibers. These studies indicate that the biotransformation of metalloids and chalcogens by bacteria enables fast, efficient, sustainable synthesis of technologically relevant chalcogenides for potential electronic and optoelectronic applications.
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41
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Ramanathan R, Bansal V. Ionic liquid mediated synthesis of nitrogen, carbon and fluorine-codoped rutile TiO2 nanorods for improved UV and visible light photocatalysis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14510k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of [BMIM][BF4] ionic liquid as a designer solvent for the synthesis of multiple nonmetals-codoped rutile titania nanorods is presented. These nanorods show remarkable photoactivity under UV and visble light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ramanathan
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility
- NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
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González A, Gálvez N, Clemente-León M, Dominguez-Vera JM. Electrochromic polyoxometalate material as a sensor of bacterial activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:10119-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03301b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum, a healthy bacterium of human microbiota, acts as an electron donor for the electrochromic polyoxometalate [P2MoVI18O62]6−. This reaction affords a means of evaluating the activity of the bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana González
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias and Instituto de Biotecnología
- Universidad de Granada
- Spain
| | - Natividad Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias and Instituto de Biotecnología
- Universidad de Granada
- Spain
| | | | - Jose M. Dominguez-Vera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias and Instituto de Biotecnología
- Universidad de Granada
- Spain
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43
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Vellaichamy B, Periakaruppan P. Silver-nanospheres as a green catalyst for the decontamination of hazardous pollutants. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21599d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the facile, green and one-pot synthesis of silver-nanospheres (Ag-NSs) and their use as an excellent green catalyst for the decontamination of hazardous pollutants.
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Siva Kumar K, Kumar G, Prokhorov E, Luna-Bárcenas G, Buitron G, Khanna V, Sanchez I. Exploitation of anaerobic enriched mixed bacteria (AEMB) for the silver and gold nanoparticles synthesis. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Sankar R, Maheswari R, Karthik S, Shivashangari KS, Ravikumar V. Anticancer activity of Ficus religiosa engineered copper oxide nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 44:234-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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46
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Lee SY, Jung KH, Lee JE, Lee KA, Lee SH, Lee JY, Lee JK, Jeong JT, Lee SY. Photosynthetic biomineralization of radioactive Sr via microalgal CO2 absorption. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 172:449-452. [PMID: 25262456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble radiostrontium ((90)Sr) was efficiently removed as a carbonate form through microalgal photosynthetic process. The immobilization of soluble (90)Sr radionuclide and production of highly-precipitable radio-strontianite ((90)SrCO3) biomineral are achieved by using Chlorella vulgaris, and the biologically induced mineralization drastically decreased the (90)Sr radioactivity in water to make the highest (90)Sr removal ever reported. The high-resolution microscopy revealed that the short-term removal of soluble (90)Sr by C. vulgaris was attributable to the rapid and selective carbonation of (90)Sr together with the consumption of dissolved CO2 during photosynthesis. A small amount of carbonate in water could act as Sr(2+) sinks through the particular ability of the microalga to make the carbonate mineral of Sr stabilized firmly at the surface site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeop Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hwan Jung
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Eun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Ah Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyo Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Tae Jeong
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-353, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yop Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Singh AV, Batuwangala M, Mundra R, Mehta K, Patke S, Falletta E, Patil R, Gade WN. Biomineralized anisotropic gold microplate-macrophage interactions reveal frustrated phagocytosis-like phenomenon: a novel paclitaxel drug delivery vehicle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14679-14689. [PMID: 25046687 DOI: 10.1021/am504051b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a facile biomineralization route for gold microplates (GMPs) synthesis using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a reductant and stabilizing agent. Adding BSA to HAuCl4 solution yields spontaneous versatile anisotropic and partially hollow GMPs upon aging. We hypothesize that the instantaneous protein denaturation at low pH enabled access to serine and threonine hydroxyl, and sulfhydryl groups of BSA, which act as a reductant and stabilizer, respectively. This reaction could be hastened by increasing the temperature well beyond 65 °C. Transmission electron microscopy/X-ray diffraction studies revealed highly crystalline and anisotropic structures (triangle, pentagon, and rectangle). Atomic force microscopy/scanning electron microscopy analyses demonstrated unique morphology of microplates with a partially void core and BSA mineralized edge structure. RAW 264.7 mice peritoneal macrophage-microplate interaction studies using live cell confocal imaging reveal that cells are capable of selectively internalizing smaller GMPs. Large GMPs are preferentially picked with sharp vertices but cannot be internalized and exhibit frustrated phagocytosis-like phenomenon. We explored particle phagocytosis as an actin mediated process that recruits phagosome-like acidic organelles, shown by a lysosensor probe technique. The biocompatible GMPs exhibited ∼70% paclitaxel (PCL) loading and sustained release of PCL, showing antitumor activity with the MCF-7 cell line, and could be a novel drug carrier for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
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48
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Carmona F, Martín M, Gálvez N, Dominguez-Vera JM. Bioinspired Magneto-optical Bacteria. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8565-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501146r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biotecnología,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biotecnología,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Natividad Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biotecnología,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose M. Dominguez-Vera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Biotecnología,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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49
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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) leaf extracts. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:605-9. [PMID: 25473370 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are fabricated using Sacha inchi (SI) or (Plukenetia volubilis L.) leaf extract as non-toxic reducing agent with particle size ranging from 4 to 25 nm. Optical, structural and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by using Visual, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) confirmed the formation of metallic Ag. Infrared spectrum measurement was carried out to hypothesize the possible phytochemicals responsible for stabilization and capping of the AgNPs. It shows the significant antioxidant efficacy in comparison with SI leaf extracts against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. From the results obtained it is suggested that green AgNPs could be used effectively in future engineering and medical concerns.
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50
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Li B, Liu N, Li Y, Jing W, Fan J, Li D, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang L. Reduction of selenite to red elemental selenium by Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain N. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95955. [PMID: 24759917 PMCID: PMC3997485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The trace metal selenium is in demand for health supplements to human and animal nutrition. We studied the reduction of selenite (SeO₃⁻²) to red elemental selenium by Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain N. This strain was cultured in a medium containing SeO₃⁻² and the particles obtained from cultures were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive microanalysis (EDX) and X ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Our results showed the strain N could reduce SeO₃⁻² to red elemental selenium. The diameters of particles were 80-200 nm. The bacteria exhibited significant tolerance to SeO₃⁻² up to 8.0 m mol/L concentration with an EC₅₀ value of 2.4 m mol/L. After 9 d of cultivation, the presence of SeO₃²⁻ up to 1.0 m mol/L resulted in 99.9% reduction of selenite, whereas 82.0% (p<0.05), 31.7% (p<0.05) and 2.4% (p<0.05) reduction of SeO₃⁻² was observed at 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 m mol/L SeO₃²⁻ concentrations, respectively. This study indicated that red elemental selenium was synthesized by green technology using Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain N. This strain also indicated a high tolerance to SeO₃⁻². The finding of this work will contribute to the application of selenium to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongquan Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weixin Jing
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinhua Fan
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Longyan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | | | - Zhaoming Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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