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Ouyang Y, Chen Y, Chen K, Tang Z, Shi G, Qu C, Zhang K, Yang H. Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis reveal novel drug targets for myasthenia gravis. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:43. [PMID: 38659056 PMCID: PMC11040902 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting the neuromuscular junction with limited drug options, but the field of MG treatment recently benefits from novel biological agents. We performed a drug-targeted Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify novel therapeutic targets of MG. METHODS Cis-expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTL), which proxy expression levels for 2176 druggable genes, were used for MR analysis. Causal relationships between genes and disease, identified by eQTL MR analysis, were verified by comprehensive sensitivity, colocalization, and protein quantitative loci (pQTL) MR analyses. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was also performed to extend targets, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to explore the serum level of drug targets in MG patients. A phenome-wide MR analysis was then performed to assess side effects with a clinical trial review assessing druggability. RESULTS The eQTL MR analysis has identified eight potential targets for MG, one for early-onset MG and seven for late-onset MG. Further colocalization analyses indicated that CD226, CDC42BPB, PRSS36, and TNFSF12 possess evidence for colocalization with MG or late-onset MG. pQTL MR analyses identified the causal relations of TNFSF12 and CD226 with MG and late-onset MG. Furthermore, PPI analysis has revealed the protein interaction between TNFSF12-TNFSF13(APRIL) and TNFSF12-TNFSF13B(BLyS). Elevated TNFSF13 serum level of MG patients was also identified by ELISA experiments. This study has ultimately proposed three promising therapeutic targets (TNFSF12, TNFSF13, TNFSF13B) of MG. CONCLUSIONS Three drug targets associated with the BLyS/APRIL pathway have been identified. Multiple biological agents, including telitacicept and belimumab, are promising for MG therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Kangzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenwei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310013, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanzhong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Chunrun Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, China.
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Siegmund D, Zaitseva O, Wajant H. Fn14 and TNFR2 as regulators of cytotoxic TNFR1 signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1267837. [PMID: 38020877 PMCID: PMC10657838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1267837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR1), TNFR2 and fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) belong to the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). From a structural point of view, TNFR1 is a prototypic death domain (DD)-containing receptor. In contrast to other prominent death receptors, such as CD95/Fas and the two TRAIL death receptors DR4 and DR5, however, liganded TNFR1 does not instruct the formation of a plasma membrane-associated death inducing signaling complex converting procaspase-8 into highly active mature heterotetrameric caspase-8 molecules. Instead, liganded TNFR1 recruits the DD-containing cytoplasmic signaling proteins TRADD and RIPK1 and empowers these proteins to trigger cell death signaling by cytosolic complexes after their release from the TNFR1 signaling complex. The activity and quality (apoptosis versus necroptosis) of TNF-induced cell death signaling is controlled by caspase-8, the caspase-8 regulatory FLIP proteins, TRAF2, RIPK1 and the RIPK1-ubiquitinating E3 ligases cIAP1 and cIAP2. TNFR2 and Fn14 efficiently recruit TRAF2 along with the TRAF2 binding partners cIAP1 and cIAP2 and can thereby limit the availability of these molecules for other TRAF2/cIAP1/2-utilizing proteins including TNFR1. Accordingly, at the cellular level engagement of TNFR2 or Fn14 inhibits TNFR1-induced RIPK1-mediated effects reaching from activation of the classical NFκB pathway to induction of apoptosis and necroptosis. In this review, we summarize the effects of TNFR2- and Fn14-mediated depletion of TRAF2 and the cIAP1/2 on TNFR1 signaling at the molecular level and discuss the consequences this has in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Burman P, Jaiswal R, Devi K, Moharana B. Aurintricarboxylic acid protects isoproterenol induced left ventricular hypertrophy by modulating TWEAK signaling. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022; 61:107468. [PMID: 35977688 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is regarded as a compensation mechanism to overcome the increased workload. Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) is a derivative of quinomethanes and a selective inhibitor of TWEAK/Fn14 pathway. In this study, we investigated the effect of ATA on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS Cardiac hypertrophy in H9C2 cells was induced using ISO 20 μM dissolved in PBS. H9C2 cells were treated with ATA (5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM) followed by ISO stimulation for 24 h. Male SD rats were injected ISO (5 mg/kg/day, s.c) for 21 days and followed by treatment with ATA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) for 14 days. Cardiac functions were assessed. After sacrifice, hearts were subjected to histopathological and western blot analysis. RESULTS In in-vitro results, upon ATA treatment, ICC results showed significant decrease in TWEAK and ANP expression. In in-vivo results, echocardiography showed significant restoration of cardiac function in ATA treated rats. Histopathological analysis showed a significant decrease in left ventricular wall thickness, cardiomyocytes width and reduced fibrosis in ATA treated rats. Western blotting showed decreased expression of the cardiac hypertrophy maker ANP, inflammatory markers including TWEAK and apoptotic markers after ATA treatment. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway could be a potential target for therapeutic exploration in ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy. ATA, as an inhibitor of this pathway, exerted significant cardioprotective effect against ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Burman
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rahul Jaiswal
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kusum Devi
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP, 201002, India
| | - Baisakhi Moharana
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP, 201002, India.
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TWEAK and TNFα, Both TNF Ligand Family Members and Multiple Sclerosis-Related Cytokines, Induce Distinct Gene Response in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101714. [PMID: 36292599 PMCID: PMC9601571 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a member of the TNF ligand family involved in various diseases including brain inflammatory pathologies such as multiple sclerosis. It has been demonstrated that TWEAK can induce cerebrovascular permeability in an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. The molecular mechanisms playing a role in TWEAK versus TNFα signaling on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells are not well defined. Therefore, we aimed to identify gene expression changes in cultures of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) to address changes initiated by TWEAK exposure. Taken together, our studies highlighted that gene involved in leukocyte extravasation, notably claudin-5, were differentially modulated by TWEAK and TNFα. We identified differential gene expression of hCMEC/D3 cells at three timepoints following TWEAK versus TNFα stimulation and also found distinct modulations of several canonical pathways including the actin cytoskeleton, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Rho family GTPases, and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first study to interrogate and compare the effects of TWEAK versus TNFα on gene expression in brain microvascular endothelial cells.
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Mikacic M, Kumric M, Baricevic M, Tokic D, Stojanovic Stipic S, Cvitkovic I, Supe Domic D, Ticinovic Kurir T, Bozic J. Dynamic of Serum TWEAK Levels in Critically Ill COVID-19 Male Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133699. [PMID: 35806986 PMCID: PMC9267298 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the number of cases and mortality of COVID-19 are seemingly declining, clinicians endeavor to establish indicators and predictors of such responses in order to optimize treatment regimens for future outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 or similar viruses. Considering the importance of aberrant immune response in severe COVID-19, in the present study, we aimed to explore the dynamic of serum TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) levels in critically-ill COVID-19 patients and establish whether these levels may predict in-hospital mortality and if TWEAK is associated with impairment of testosterone levels observed in this population. The present single-center cohort study involved 66 men between the ages of 18 and 65 who were suffering from a severe type of COVID-19. Serum TWEAK was rising during the first week after admission to intensive care unit (ICU), whereas decline to baseline values was observed in the second week post-ICU admission (p = 0.032) but not in patients who died in hospital. Receiver-operator characteristics analysis demonstrated that serum TWEAK at admission to ICU is a significant predictor of in-hospital mortality (AUC = 0.689, p = 0.019). Finally, a negative correlation was found between serum TWEAK at admission and testosterone levels (r = −0.310, p = 0.036). In summary, serum TWEAK predicts in-hospital mortality in severe COVID-19. In addition, inflammatory pathways including TWEAK seem to be implicated in pathophysiology of reproductive hormone axis disturbance in severe form of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Mikacic
- Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Marko Kumric
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (I.C.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Martina Baricevic
- Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Daria Tokic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.T.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sanda Stojanovic Stipic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (D.T.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Ivan Cvitkovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (I.C.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Daniela Supe Domic
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tina Ticinovic Kurir
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (I.C.); (T.T.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (I.C.); (T.T.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Dai JX, Cai JY, Sun J, Lin Q, Yu ZQ. Serum soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis is a potential biomarker for outcome prediction of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:354-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Song Z, Khaw YM, Pacheco LA, Tseng KY, Tan Z, Cai K, Ponnusamy E, Cheng J, Inoue M. Induction of a higher-ordered architecture in glatiramer acetate improves its biological efficiency in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5271-5281. [PMID: 32744547 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glatiramer acetate (GA), a linear random copolypeptide, is a first-line treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). A major concern, however, is that GA treatment is associated with adverse effects and poor patient adherence due to the need for frequent injections. Here we describe improved performance of the polymeric drug, even at low doses with less-frequent injections, through the modification of its architecture into a star-shaped GA (sGA). In a sGA, multiple GAs are covalently linked onto a core, which greatly changes their properties such as molecular weight, size, and shape. The spherical sGA is retained longer in the body after intraperitoneal injection, and is more readily internalized by RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells than GA. In C57BL/6 mice induced with experimental autoimmune encephalitis, a mouse model for MS, sGA treatment exerts disease amelioration effect that is significantly better than that of GA despite a lower dose and less frequent injection. Moreover, spinal cord pathologies of demyelination and leukocyte infiltration are dramatically less pronounced in the sGA treatment condition compared to the GA treatment condition. Thus, we propose that sGA with a higher-ordered architecture offers an attractive and potentially viable treatment option for MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Yee Ming Khaw
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Neuroscience Program, 405 North Matthews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Lazaro A Pacheco
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Kuan-Ying Tseng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Zhengzhong Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Kaimin Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | | | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Makoto Inoue
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Neuroscience Program, 405 North Matthews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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El-Taweel AEAI, Abdelrahman AMN, Sabry S, Salem RM. Serum TWEAK: A cutoff between segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1017-1021. [PMID: 32808442 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TWEAK/Fn14 is expressed in many tissues including the skin, playing an important role in many inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic cutaneous disorders. AIMS To assess the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in vitiligo patients. METHODS This case-control study included 100 subjects (50 vitiligo patients and 50 control subjects) recruited from Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Benha University. All patients were subjected to complete cutaneous examination, to evaluate the clinical type, distribution and severity of vitiligo using the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI). RESULTS TWEAK serum levels were significantly higher in patients than in the control subjects (644.76 ± 688.93 vs 282.75 ± 125.67, respectively). Serum levels were significantly elevated in segmental versus nonsegmental vitiligo. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that TWEAK shows 80% sensitivity and 56.67% specificity in diagnosing vitiligo and 100% sensitivity and 80.09% specificity in differentiating segmental from nonsegmental vitiligo. CONCLUSION TWEAK may play a role in vitiligo pathogenesis. It may be used in the differentiation between segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo and represent a promising therapeutic target in vitiligo.
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Fn14 Participates in Neuropathic Pain Through NF-κB Pathway in Primary Sensory Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7085-7096. [PMID: 30976982 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1545-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-inducible-14 (Fn14), a receptor for tumor necrosis-like weak inducer of apoptosis, is expressed in the neurons of dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Its mRNA is increased in the injured DRG following peripheral nerve injury. Whether this increase contributes to neuropathic pain is unknown. We reported here that peripheral nerve injury caused by spinal nerve ligation (SNL) increased the expression of Fn14 at both protein and mRNA levels in the injured DRG. Blocking this increase attenuated the development of SNL-induced mechanical, thermal, and cold pain hypersensitivities. Conversely, mimicking this increase produced the increases in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½ and glial fibrillary acidic protein in ipsilateral dorsal horn and the enhanced responses to mechanical, thermal, and cold stimuli in the absence of SNL. Mechanistically, the increased Fn14 activated the NF-κB pathway through promoting the translocation of p65 into the nucleus of the injured DRG neurons. Our findings suggest that Fn14 may be a potential target for the therapeutic treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain.
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Maarouf A, Stephan D, Ranjeva MP, Ranjeva JP, Pelletier J, Audoin B, Khrestchatisky M, Desplat-Jégo S. High levels of serum soluble TWEAK are associated with neuroinflammation during multiple sclerosis. J Transl Med 2019; 17:51. [PMID: 30786899 PMCID: PMC6381647 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation and demyelination are the main processes in multiple sclerosis. Nevertheless, to date, blood biomarkers of inflammation are lacking. TWEAK, a transmembrane protein that belongs to the TNF ligand family, has been previously identified as a potential candidate. Methods Twenty-eight patients (9 males, 19 females) were prospectively included after a first clinical episode suggestive of multiple sclerosis and clinically followed during 3 years. Fifty-seven healthy controls were also included. TWEAK serum levels and MRI exams including magnetization transfer imaging were performed at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Results TWEAK serum levels were significantly increased in the patient group (mean baseline = 1086 ± 493 pg/mL, mean M6 = 624 ± 302 pg/mL and mean M12 = 578 ± 245 pg/mL) compared to healthy controls (mean = 467 ± 177 pg/mL; respectively p < 0.0001, 0.01 and 0.06). Serum levels of soluble TWEAK were significantly increased during relapses, compared to time periods without any relapse (respectively 935 ± 489 pg/mL and 611 ± 292 pg/mL, p = 0.0005). Moreover, patients presenting at least one gadolinium-enhanced CNS lesion at baseline (n = 7) displayed significantly increased serum TWEAK levels in comparison with patients without any gadolinium-enhanced lesion at baseline (n = 21) (respectively 1421 ± 657 pg/mL vs 975 ± 382 pg/mL; p = 0.02). Finally, no correlation was evidenced between TWEAK serum levels and the extent of brain tissue damage assessed by magnetization transfer ratio. Conclusions The present study showed that TWEAK serum levels are increased in MS patients, in relation to the disease activity. This simple and reproducible serum test could be used as a marker of ongoing inflammation, contributing in the follow-up and the care of MS patients. Thus, TWEAK is a promising serum marker of the best window to perform brain MRI, optimizing the disease control in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Maarouf
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Stephan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de NeuroPhysiopathologie (INP), Inst Neurophysiopathol, 51 Bd P. Drammard, 13015, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Ranjeva
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean Pelletier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, Marseille, France
| | - Bertrand Audoin
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Khrestchatisky
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de NeuroPhysiopathologie (INP), Inst Neurophysiopathol, 51 Bd P. Drammard, 13015, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Desplat-Jégo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Faculté de Médecine, Institut de NeuroPhysiopathologie (INP), Inst Neurophysiopathol, 51 Bd P. Drammard, 13015, Marseille, France. .,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Conception, Pôle de Biologie, Service d'Immunologie, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Lee WH, Seo D, Lim SG, Suk K. Reverse Signaling of Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Proteins in Macrophages and Microglia: Superfamily Portrait in the Neuroimmune Interface. Front Immunol 2019; 10:262. [PMID: 30838001 PMCID: PMC6389649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily (TNFSF) is a protein superfamily of type II transmembrane proteins commonly containing the TNF homology domain. The superfamily contains more than 20 protein members, which can be released from the cell membrane by proteolytic cleavage. Members of the TNFSF function as cytokines and regulate diverse biological processes, including immune responses, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and embryogenesis, by binding to TNFSF receptors. Many TNFSF proteins are also known to be responsible for the regulation of innate immunity and inflammation. Both receptor-mediated forward signaling and ligand-mediated reverse signaling play important roles in these processes. In this review, we discuss the functional expression and roles of various reverse signaling molecules and pathways of TNFSF members in macrophages and microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). A thorough understanding of the roles of TNFSF ligands and receptors in the activation of macrophages and microglia may improve the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the brain and periphery. In particular, TNFSF reverse signaling in microglia can be exploited to gain further insights into the functions of the neuroimmune interface in physiological and pathological processes in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ha Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Donggun Seo
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Geun Lim
- BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Icli A, Cure MC, Cure E, Arslan S, Unal M, Sakiz D, Ozucan M, Toker A, Turkmen K, Kucuk A. Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (Tweak) Independently Predicts Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Behcet's Disease. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2018; 61:86-92. [PMID: 30543512 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2018.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculopathy is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Behcet's Disease (BD). Subclinical atherosclerosis can even be detected in the early stage of BD. Soluble tumor necrosis factor-like (TNF) weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is known as a good marker of the inflammation in vascular tree. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and serum TWEAK levels in patients with BD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In line with International BD Study Group criteria, 48 BD, and 30 controls were included in our study. Disease activity was evaluated according to BD current activity form (BDCAF). C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lipid parameters, serum TWEAK levels, and cIMT were measured. RESULTS Disease activity score of BD patients was found as 2 (range 0-7). cIMT, serum TWEAK, CRP and ESR levels of BD patients were significantly higher comparing to cIMT (0.62 ± 0.13 mm vs. 0.43 ± 0.09 mm, p < 0.001), serum TWEAK (667.5 ± 130.6 vs. 603.4 ± 89.6 pg/ml, p = 0.015), CRP (3.9 ± 4.3 vs. 1.4 ± 1.0 mg/dl, p < 0.001) and ESR (10.2 ± 10.0 vs. 5.6 ± 3.7 mm/h, p = 0.005) levels of the control group. There was a positive correlation between serum TWEAK level and disease activity (r = 0.251, p = 0.030) and cIMT (r = 0.463, p < 0.001). Our study also revealed an independent correlation between cIMT and serum TWEAK levels (beta = 0.354, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Increased serum TWEAK levels can play a part in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease in BD. Due to their liability to atherosclerosis, patients with BD must followed closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Icli
- Department of Cardiology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Camlica Erdem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sevket Arslan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Unal
- Department of Dermatology, Konya Numune Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Davut Sakiz
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Miyase Ozucan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Aysun Toker
- Department of Biochemistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Kultigin Turkmen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Adem Kucuk
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Malatya State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
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13
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Boulamery A, Desplat-Jégo S. Regulation of Neuroinflammation: What Role for the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis/Fn14 Pathway? Front Immunol 2017; 8:1534. [PMID: 29201025 PMCID: PMC5696327 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Observed in many central nervous system diseases, neuroinflammation (NI) proceeds from peripheral immune cell infiltration into the parenchyma, from cytokine secretion and from oxidative stress. Astrocytes and microglia also get activated and proliferate. NI manifestations and consequences depend on its context and on the acute or chronic aspect of the disease. The tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/Fn14 pathway has been involved in chronic human inflammatory pathologies such as neurodegenerative, autoimmune, or malignant diseases. New data now describe its regulatory effects in tissues or fluids from patients with neurological diseases. In this mini-review, we aim to highlight the role of TWEAK/Fn14 in modulating NI in multiple sclerosis, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, stroke, or glioma. TWEAK/Fn14 can modulate NI by activating canonical and non-canonical nuclear factor-κB pathways but also by stimulating mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. These downstream activations are associated with (i) inflammatory cytokine, chemokine and adhesion molecule expression or release, involved in NI propagation, (ii) matrix-metalloproteinase 9 secretion, implicated in blood–brain barrier disruption and tissue remodeling, (iii) astrogliosis and microgliosis, and (iv) migration of tumor cells in glioma. In addition, we report several animal and human studies pointing to TWEAK as an attractive therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Boulamery
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.,AP-HM, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Centre Antipoison et de Toxicovigilance, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Desplat-Jégo
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.,Service d'Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
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14
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Liu Q, Xiao S, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Activation Participates in Skin Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6746870. [PMID: 29038621 PMCID: PMC5606047 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6746870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) participates in multiple biological activities via binding to its sole receptor-fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). The TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway is activated in skin inflammation and modulates the inflammatory responses of keratinocytes by activating nuclear factor-κB signals and enhancing the production of several cytokines, including interleukins, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. Mild or transient TWEAK/Fn14 activation contributes to tissular repair and regeneration while excessive or persistent TWEAK/Fn14 signals may lead to severe inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage. TWEAK also regulates cell fate of keratinocytes, involving the function of Fn14-TNF receptor-associated factor-TNF receptor axis. By recruiting inflammatory cells, promoting cytokine production, and regulating cell fate, TWEAK/Fn14 activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various skin disorders, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous vasculitis, human papillomavirus infection and related skin tumors, and cutaneous autoimmune diseases. Therefore, the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway may be a potential target for the development of novel therapeutics for skin inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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15
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The blood brain barrier and neuropsychiatric lupus: new perspectives in light of advances in understanding the neuroimmune interface. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:612-619. [PMID: 28428121 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Experts have previously postulated a linkage between lupus associated vascular pathology and abnormal brain barriers in the immunopathogenesis of neuropsychiatric lupus. Nevertheless, there are some discrepancies between the experimental evidence, or its interpretation, and the working hypotheses prevalent in this field; specifically, that a primary contributor to neuropsychiatric disease in lupus is permeabilization of the blood brain barrier. In this commonly held view, any contribution of the other known brain barriers, including the blood-cerebrospinal fluid and meningeal barriers, is mostly excluded from the discussion. In this review we will shed light on some of the blood brain barrier hypotheses and try to trace their roots. In addition, we will suggest new research directions to allow for confirmation of alternative interpretations of the experimental evidence linking the pathology of intra-cerebral vasculature to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric lupus.
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16
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González-Sánchez DA, Álvarez CM, Vásquez G, Gómez-Puerta JA. Papel de la vía de señalización del TWEAK/Fn14 en la nefritis lúpica y otros escenarios clínicos. Nefrologia 2017; 37:118-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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17
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Armstrong CL, Galisteo R, Brown SA, Winkles JA. TWEAK activation of the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway differentially regulates melanoma and prostate cancer cell invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 7:81474-81492. [PMID: 27821799 PMCID: PMC5348407 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a multifunctional cytokine that binds with high affinity to a plasma membrane-anchored receptor named Fn14. Both TWEAK and Fn14 expression has been detected in human cancer tissue, and studies have shown that TWEAK/Fn14 signaling can promote either "pro-cancer" or "anti-cancer" cellular effects in vitro, depending on the cancer cell line under investigation. In this study, we engineered murine B16 melanoma cells to secrete high levels of soluble TWEAK and examined their properties. TWEAK production by B16 cells preferentially activated the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway and increased the expression of several previously described TWEAK-inducible genes, including Fn14. TWEAK overexpression in B16 cells inhibited both cell growth and invasion in vitro. The TWEAK-mediated reduction in B16 cell invasive capacity was dependent on activation of the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, we found that this same signaling pathway was also important for TWEAK-stimulated human DU145 prostate cancer cell invasion. Therefore, even though TWEAK:Fn14 binding activates non-canonical NF-κB signaling in both melanoma and prostate cancer cells, this shared cellular response can trigger a very different downstream outcome (inhibition or stimulation of cell invasiveness, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L. Armstrong
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebeca Galisteo
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sharron A.N. Brown
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Winkles
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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18
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Chen T, Guo ZP, Fu LX, Cao N, Qin S. Anti-TWEAK monoclonal antibodies reduce vascular damage and leucocyte infiltration in a mouse model of cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction. Clin Exp Dermatol 2016; 41:871-877. [PMID: 27753135 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Chen
- Department of Dermatovenereology; Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital of Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
- Department of Dermatovenereology; Chengdu Qingbaijiang Distinct People's Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
| | - Z.-P. Guo
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital of Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
| | - L.-X. Fu
- Department of Dermatovenereology; Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
| | - N. Cao
- Department of Dermatovenereology; Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital of Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
| | - S. Qin
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital of Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan PR China
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19
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Abstract
Death ligands induce apoptosis, which is a cell suicide program leading mainly to selective elimination of an organism's useless cells. Importantly, the dying cell is an active participant in its own demise (“cellular suicide”). Under physiological conditions, apoptosis is most often found during normal cell turnover and tissue homeostasis, embryogenesis, induction and maintenance of immune tolerance, development of the nervous system, and endocrine-dependent tissue atrophy. However, apoptotic processes have also been suggested to contribute to the pathology of the autoimmune demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Here, apoptosis plays a double role. On one hand, impaired apoptosis may result in increased numbers or persistence of activated myelinspecific T cells. On the other hand, local tissue damage involves apoptosis of oligodendrocytes and neurons, leading to the clinical symptoms. In this article, an overview is given of the current knowledge of the roles of apoptosis-mediating and immune regulatory death ligands of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family (TNF, lymphotoxin-beta, OX40L [CD134L], CD154 [CD40L], CD95L, CD70 [CD27L], CD153 [CD30L], 4-1BBL [CD137L], TRAIL, TWEAK, BAFF, GITRL) in the pathogenesis of MS and of their implications for related therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Aktas
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology, Charité--Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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20
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Guis S, Berbis P, Stephan D, Bertin D, Amatore F, Balandraud N, Lesavre N, Desplat-Jégo S. TWEAK-binding autoantibodies are generated during psoriatic arthritis and are not influenced by anti-TNF therapy. J Transl Med 2016; 14:185. [PMID: 27338143 PMCID: PMC4917994 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNF weakly inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is member of the TNF ligand superfamily. Various data support that TWEAK produced by synovial macrophages may contribute to synovitis observed in psoriatic arthritis (PsoA). In PsoA, anti-TNF therapy has been successful in agreement with the key role of TNF in the pathogenesis and the generation by PsoA patients of anti-TNF autoantibodies referred as "beneficial autoimmunity to pro-inflammatory mediators". However, the role of TNF-alpha in the regulation of TWEAK modulation of inflammation during PsoA remains unknown. METHODS We have studied level course during anti-TNF therapy of serum soluble TWEAK. In the same cohort, we have investigated the generation of TWEAK-binding autoantibodies by PsoA patients before and after anti-TNF therapy. RESULTS Patients with PsoA had significantly higher serum levels of TWEAK compared with controls [respective means (±SEM) were 645 pg/ml (64) and 467 pg/ml (23); (p = 0.006)] but serum soluble TWEAK levels were not correlated with BASDAI (Spearman's coefficients <0.003, p > 0.05). Our study showed that soluble TWEAK levels were not modulated by etanercept therapy [respective Means (±SEM) were 605 (95) (week 12) and 744 (97) (week 24) pg/ml; (p > 0.23)]. Anti-TWEAK autoantibodies were detected in 9/13 (69.2 %) PsoA patients at inclusion and only in 3/57 (5.3 %) healthy blood donors (p < 0.0001). These circulating antibodies were persistent in PsoA patients and detected at similar levels during etanercept therapy. Moreover we showed that they had a down regulating effect on CCL-2 secretion by endothelial cells stimulated by rh TWEAK in vitro. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that during psoriatic arthritis (1) serum TWEAK was up regulated and (2) TWEAK-binding autoantibodies are generated. Both parameters were not influenced by anti-TNF therapy and persisted at high levels during anti-TNF therapy. For the first time we described here TWEAK-binding IgG autoantibodies with a down regulating effect on CCL-2 secretion by endothelial cells stimulated by rh TWEAK in vitro. Finally, our results suggest that TWEAK may be involved in PsoA pathogeny. Trial registration This clinical trial was approved by the local Ethics Committee "Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud-Méditerranée V" with the registration number: 2011-002954-29, and French health minister registration number AFSSAPS A110784-42 obtained the 08/22/2011. This clinical trial is registered in Clinical trial.gov under the number: NCT02164214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Guis
- Department of Rheumatology 1, CHU Sainte Marguerite, 270, Bld de Sainte Marguerite, 13009, Marseille, France.,CRMBM-CEMEREM UMR 7339, MSK Group, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Bld Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Berbis
- Department of Dermatology, Hopital Nord, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Stephan
- NICN, CNRS, UMR7259, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Bertin
- NICN, CNRS, UMR7259, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Service d'Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Florent Amatore
- Department of Dermatology, Hopital Nord, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Balandraud
- Department of Rheumatology 1, CHU Sainte Marguerite, 270, Bld de Sainte Marguerite, 13009, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Lesavre
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1409, AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Desplat-Jégo
- NICN, CNRS, UMR7259, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France. .,Service d'Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.
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21
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis Accelerates the Progression of Renal Fibrosis in Lupus Nephritis by Activating SMAD and p38 MAPK in TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8986451. [PMID: 27365897 PMCID: PMC4913011 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8986451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aim was to explore the effects of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in lupus nephritis and its potential underlying mechanisms. MRL/lpr mice were used for in vivo experiments and human proximal tubular cells (HK2 cells) were used for in vitro experiments. Results showed that MRL/lpr mice treated with vehicle solution or LV-Control shRNA displayed significant proteinuria and severe renal histopathological changes. LV-TWEAK-shRNA treatment reversed these changes and decreased renal expressions of TWEAK, TGF-β1, p-p38 MAPK, p-Smad2, COL-1, and α-SMA proteins. In vitro, hTWEAK treatment upregulated the expressions of TGF-β1, p-p38 MAPK, p-SMAD2, α-SMA, and COL-1 proteins in HK2 cells and downregulated the expressions of E-cadherin protein, which were reversed by cotreatment with anti-TWEAK mAb or SB431542 treatment. These findings suggest that TWEAK may contribute to chronic renal changes and renal fibrosis by activating TGF-β1 signaling pathway, and phosphorylation of Smad2 and p38 MAPK proteins was also involved in this signaling pathway.
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Wen J, Chen CH, Stock A, Doerner J, Gulinello M, Putterman C. Intracerebroventricular administration of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis induces depression-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction in non-autoimmune mice. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 54:27-37. [PMID: 26721417 PMCID: PMC4828298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fn14, the sole known signaling receptor for the TNF family member TWEAK, is inducibly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) in endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons. There is increasing recognition of the importance of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in autoimmune neurologic conditions, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and neuropsychiatric lupus. Previously, we had found that Fn14 knockout lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice display significantly attenuated neuropsychiatric manifestations. To investigate whether this improvement in disease is secondary to inhibition of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling within the CNS or the periphery, and determine whether TWEAK-mediated neuropsychiatric effects are strain dependent, we performed intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Fc-TWEAK or an isotype matched control protein to C57Bl6/J non-autoimmune mice. We found that Fc-TWEAK injected C57Bl6/J mice developed significant depression-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction. Inflammatory mediators associated with lupus brain disease, including CCL2, C3, and iNOS, were significantly elevated in the brains of Fc-TWEAK treated mice. Furthermore, Fc-TWEAK directly increased blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, as demonstrated by increased IgG deposition in the brain and reduced aquaporin-4 expression. Finally, Fc-TWEAK increased apoptotic cell death in the cortex and hippocampus. In conclusion, TWEAK can contribute to lupus-associated neurobehavioral deficits including depression and cognitive dysfunction by acting within the CNS to enhance production of inflammatory mediators, promote disruption of the BBB, and induce apoptosis in resident brain cells. Our study provides further support that the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases involving the CNS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Brain/metabolism
- Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced
- Cytokine TWEAK
- Depression/chemically induced
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Female
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/etiology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neurons/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/physiology
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/administration & dosage
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Ariel Stock
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Doerner
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria Gulinello
- Behavioral Core Facility, Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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23
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Mustafa S, Martin HL, Burkly L, Costa A, Martins ML, Schwaninger M, Teismann P. The role of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in the MPTP-model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2016; 319:116-22. [PMID: 26808775 PMCID: PMC4771015 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), mediate inflammation and neuronal apoptosis in cerebral edema, ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis. The downstream effectors and pathways linked to TWEAK-Fn14 signaling are strongly implicated in the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD), thus indicating a putative role for TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in PD neurodegeneration. Using the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model, we aimed to determine whether genetic ablation or pharmacologic mitigation of the TWEAK protein and its Fn14 receptor affected substantia nigra and striatum Parkinsonian pathology. Changes in endogenous TWEAK protein expression were also quantified in tissue from both MPTP-treated mice and PD human samples. TWEAK protein expression was transiently increased in the striatal tissue but remained unaltered in substantia nigra tissue of MPTP-treated mice. There was also no change of TWEAK protein levels in the substantia nigra or the striatum of human PD patients as compared to matched control subjects. Mitigating the effects of endogenous TWEAK protein using neutralizing antibody did affect MPTP-mediated neurotoxicity in the substantia nigra using the sub-acute model of MPTP (30mg/kg i.p. over five consecutive days). Neither TWEAK nor Fn14 genetic ablation led to attenuation of MPTP-toxicity in the acute model. These findings suggest that TWEAK signaling might be an aspect of MPTP-mediated neuropathology and be involved in the overall neurodegenerative pathology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mustafa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - H L Martin
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - L Burkly
- Department of Immunology, Biogen Idec, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - A Costa
- Cell Death Regulation Laboratory, MRC Toxicology Unit, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M L Martins
- Cell Death Regulation Laboratory, MRC Toxicology Unit, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M Schwaninger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Teismann
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
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24
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The TWEAK receptor Fn14 is a potential cell surface portal for targeted delivery of glioblastoma therapeutics. Oncogene 2015; 35:2145-55. [PMID: 26300004 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14; TNFRSF12A) is the cell surface receptor for the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). The Fn14 gene is normally expressed at low levels in healthy tissues but expression is significantly increased after tissue injury and in many solid tumor types, including glioblastoma (GB; formerly referred to as 'GB multiforme'). GB is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor and the current standard-of-care therapeutic regimen has a relatively small impact on patient survival, primarily because glioma cells have an inherent propensity to invade into normal brain parenchyma, which invariably leads to tumor recurrence and patient death. Despite major, concerted efforts to find new treatments, a new GB therapeutic that improves survival has not been introduced since 2005. In this review article, we summarize studies indicating that (i) Fn14 gene expression is low in normal brain tissue but is upregulated in advanced brain cancers and, in particular, in GB tumors exhibiting the mesenchymal molecular subtype; (ii) Fn14 expression can be detected in glioma cells residing in both the tumor core and invasive rim regions, with the maximal levels found in the invading glioma cells located within normal brain tissue; and (iii) TWEAK Fn14 engagement as well as Fn14 overexpression can stimulate glioma cell migration, invasion and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. We also discuss two new therapeutic platforms that are currently in development that leverage Fn14 overexpression in GB tumors as a way to deliver cytotoxic agents to the glioma cells remaining after surgical resection while sparing normal healthy brain cells.
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Sonar S, Lal G. Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily in Neuroinflammation and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2015; 6:364. [PMID: 26257732 PMCID: PMC4507150 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) molecules play an important role in the activation, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS). Several TNF superfamily molecules are known to control alloimmunity, autoimmunity, and immunity. Development of transgenic and gene knockout animals, and monoclonal antibodies against TNFSF molecules have increased our understanding of individual receptor-ligand interactions, and their intracellular signaling during homeostasis and neuroinflammation. A strong clinical association has been observed between TNFSF members and CNS autoimmunity such as multiple sclerosis and also in its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Therefore, they are promising targets for alternative therapeutic options to control autoimmunity. Although, TNFSF ligands are widely distributed and have diverse functions, we have restricted the discussions in this review to TNFSF receptor-ligand interactions and their role in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and CNS autoimmunity.
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Doerner JL, Wen J, Xia Y, Paz KB, Schairer D, Wu L, Chalmers SA, Izmirly P, Michaelson JS, Burkly LC, Friedman AJ, Putterman C. TWEAK/Fn14 Signaling Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Disease in the MRL/lpr Model of Spontaneous Lupus. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1986-1995. [PMID: 25826425 PMCID: PMC4504782 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK, TNFSF12) and its sole receptor Fn14, belonging to the TNF ligand and receptor superfamilies respectively, are involved in cell survival and cytokine production. The role of TWEAK/Fn14 interactions in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lupus has not been explored. TWEAK treatment of murine PAM212 keratinocytes stimulated the secretion of RANTES via Fn14 and promoted apoptosis. Parthenolide, but not wortmanin or the MAPK inhibitor PD98059, significantly decreased production of RANTES, indicating that this effect of TWEAK is mediated via NF-κB signaling. UVB irradiation significantly upregulated the expression of Fn14 on keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo and increased RANTES production. MRL/lpr Fn14 knockout (KO) lupus mice were compared with MRL/lpr Fn14 wild-type (WT) mice to evaluate for any possible differences in the severity of cutaneous lesions and the presence of infiltrating immune cells. MRL/lpr Fn14 KO mice had markedly attenuated cutaneous disease as compared with their Fn14 WT littermates, as evidenced by the well-maintained architecture of the skin and significantly decreased skin infiltration of T cells and macrophages. Our data strongly implicate TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in the pathogenesis of the cutaneous manifestations in the MRL/lpr model of spontaneous lupus and suggest a possible target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Doerner
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jing Wen
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yumin Xia
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Karin Blecher Paz
- The Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - David Schairer
- The Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Lan Wu
- Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samantha A Chalmers
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Peter Izmirly
- Division of Rheumatology, NYU-Langone Medical Center, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Adam J Friedman
- The Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; The Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Bowerman M, Salsac C, Coque E, Eiselt E, Deschaumes RG, Brodovitch A, Burkly LC, Scamps F, Raoul C. Tweak regulates astrogliosis, microgliosis and skeletal muscle atrophy in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3440-56. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Wajant H. The TWEAK-Fn14 system as a potential drug target. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:748-64. [PMID: 23957828 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family that is induced in a variety of cell types in situations of tissue injury. Fn14 becomes activated by TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), a typical member of the TNF ligand family. TWEAK is constitutively expressed by monocytes and some tumour cell lines and also shows cytokine inducible expression in various other cell types. Fn14 activation results in stimulation of signalling pathways culminating in the activation of NFκB transcription factors and various MAPKs but might also trigger the PI3K/Akt pathway and GTPases of the Rho family. In accordance with its tissue damage-associated expression pattern and its pleiotropic proinflammatory signalling capabilities, the TWEAK-Fn14 system has been implicated in a huge number of pathologies. The use of TWEAK- and Fn14-knockout mice identified the TWEAK-Fn14 system as a crucial player in muscle atrophy, cerebral ischaemia, kidney injury, atherosclerosis and infarction as well as in various autoimmune scenarios including experimental autoimmune encephalitis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Moreover, there is increasing preclinical evidence that Fn14 targeting is a useful option in tumour therapy. Based on a discussion of the signalling capabilities of TWEAK and Fn14, this review is focused on two major issues. On the one hand, on the molecular and cellular basis of the TWEAK/Fn14-related pathological outcomes in the aforementioned diseases and on the other hand, on the preclinical experience that have been made so far with TWEAK and Fn14 targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Gurunathan S, Winkles JA, Ghosh S, Hayden MS. Regulation of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) expression levels via ligand-independent lysosomal degradation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12976-88. [PMID: 24652288 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.563478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is a highly inducible cytokine receptor that engages multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Fn14 expression is regulated by several cytokines and growth factors, and Fn14 is transiently up-regulated after injury. In contrast, in states of chronic inflammatory disease and in some solid tumors, Fn14 is persistently up-regulated. However, the post-translational regulation of Fn14 expression has not been directly investigated. Thus, we examined Fn14 proteostasis in the presence and absence of the Fn14 ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). Similar to other TNF receptor superfamily members, we found that TWEAK induces Fn14 internalization and degradation. Surprisingly, we also observed rapid, TWEAK-independent, constitutive Fn14 internalization and turnover. Fn14 levels are maintained in cell culture by ongoing synthesis and trafficking of the receptor, leading to subsequent down-regulation by lysosomal degradation. Unexpectedly, the extracellular domain of Fn14 is necessary and sufficient for constitutive turnover. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which constitutive down-regulation of Fn14 facilitates dynamic regulation of Fn14 protein levels and prevents spontaneous or inappropriate receptor signaling.
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Novoyatleva T, Sajjad A, Engel FB. TWEAK-Fn14 Cytokine-Receptor Axis: A New Player of Myocardial Remodeling and Cardiac Failure. Front Immunol 2014; 5:50. [PMID: 24611063 PMCID: PMC3920183 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been firmly established as a pathogenic factor in heart failure, a significant socio-economic burden. In this review, we will explore the role of other members of the TNF/TNF receptor superfamily (TNFSF/TNFRSF) in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) focusing on TWEAK and its receptor Fn14, new players in myocardial remodeling and heart failure. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway controls a variety of cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and has diverse biological functions in pathological mechanisms like inflammation and fibrosis that are associated with CVDs. Furthermore, it has recently been shown that the TWEAK/Fn14 axis is a positive regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and that deletion of Fn14 receptor protects from right heart fibrosis and dysfunction. We discuss the potential use of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis as biomarker for CVDs as well as therapeutic target for future treatment of human heart failure based on supporting data from animal models and in vitro studies. Collectively, existing data strongly suggest the TWEAK/Fn14 axis as a potential new therapeutic target for achieving cardiac protection in patients with CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany
| | - Amna Sajjad
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany ; Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Felix B Engel
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Blanco-Colio LM. TWEAK/Fn14 Axis: A Promising Target for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:3. [PMID: 24478772 PMCID: PMC3895871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the first cause of mortality in Western countries. CVD include several pathologies such as coronary heart disease, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, congestive heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and aortic aneurysm, among others. Interaction between members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and their receptors elicits several biological actions that could participate in CVD. TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its functional receptor and fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) are two proteins belonging to the TNF superfamily that activate NF-κB by both canonical and non-canonical pathways and regulate several cell functions such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, cell death, inflammation, and angiogenesis. TWEAK/Fn14 axis plays a beneficial role in tissue repair after acute injury. However, persistent TWEAK/Fn14 activation mediated by blocking experiments or overexpression experiments in animal models has shown an important role of this axis in the pathological remodeling underlying CVD. In this review, we summarize the role of TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in the development of CVD, focusing on atherosclerosis and stroke and the molecular mechanisms by which TWEAK/Fn14 interaction participates in these pathologies. We also review the role of the soluble form of TWEAK as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD. Finally, we highlight the results obtained with other members of the TNF superfamily that also activate canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathway.
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Bertin D, Stephan D, Khrestchatisky M, Desplat-Jégo S. Is TWEAK a Biomarker for Autoimmune/Chronic Inflammatory Diseases? Front Immunol 2013; 4:489. [PMID: 24409182 PMCID: PMC3873518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway is now well-known for its involvement in the modulation of inflammation in various human autoimmune/chronic inflammatory diseases (AICID) including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. A panel of data is now available concerning TWEAK expression in tissues or biological fluids of patients suffering from AICID, suggesting that it could be a promising biological marker in these diseases. Evidences from several teams support the hypothesis that blocking TWEAK/Fn14 pathway is an attractive new therapeutic lead in such diseases and clinical trials with anti-TWEAK-blocking antibodies are in progress. In this mini-review we discuss the potential use of TWEAK quantification in AICD management in routine practice and highlight the challenge of standardizing data collection to better estimate the clinical utility of such a biological parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bertin
- Aix-Marseille Université, NICN, CNRS, UMR7259 , Marseille , France ; Service d'Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille , France
| | - Delphine Stephan
- Aix-Marseille Université, NICN, CNRS, UMR7259 , Marseille , France
| | | | - Sophie Desplat-Jégo
- Aix-Marseille Université, NICN, CNRS, UMR7259 , Marseille , France ; Service d'Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille , Marseille , France
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Cheng E, Armstrong CL, Galisteo R, Winkles JA. TWEAK/Fn14 Axis-Targeted Therapeutics: Moving Basic Science Discoveries to the Clinic. Front Immunol 2013; 4:473. [PMID: 24391646 PMCID: PMC3870272 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The TNF superfamily member TWEAK (TNFSF12) is a multifunctional cytokine implicated in physiological tissue regeneration and wound repair. TWEAK is initially synthesized as a membrane-anchored protein, but furin cleavage within the stalk region can generate a secreted TWEAK isoform. Both TWEAK isoforms bind to a small cell surface receptor named Fn14 (TNFRSF12A) and this interaction stimulates various cellular responses, including proliferation and migration. Fn14, like other members of the TNF receptor superfamily, is not a ligand-activated protein kinase. Instead, TWEAK:Fn14 engagement promotes Fn14 association with members of the TNFR associated factor family of adapter proteins, which triggers activation of various signaling pathways, including the classical and alternative NF-κB pathways. Numerous studies have revealed that Fn14 gene expression is significantly elevated in injured tissues and in most solid tumor types. Also, sustained Fn14 signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia, chronic inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Accordingly, several groups are developing TWEAK- or Fn14-targeted agents for possible therapeutic use in patients. These agents include monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, and immunotoxins. In this article, we provide an overview of some of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis-targeted agents currently in pre-clinical animal studies or in human clinical trials and discuss two other potential approaches to target this intriguing signaling node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Armstrong
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebeca Galisteo
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Winkles
- Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Pelekanou V, Notas G, Kampa M, Tsentelierou E, Stathopoulos EN, Tsapis A, Castanas E. BAFF, APRIL, TWEAK, BCMA, TACI and Fn14 proteins are related to human glioma tumor grade: immunohistochemistry and public microarray data meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83250. [PMID: 24376672 PMCID: PMC3869762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are common and lethal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Genetic alterations, inflammatory and angiogenic processes have been identified throughout tumor progression; however, treatment still remains palliative for most cases. Biological research on parameters influencing cell survival, invasion and tumor heterogeneity identified several cytokines interfering in CNS inflammation, oxidative stress and malignant transformation, including TNF-superfamily (TNFSF) members. In this report we performed a meta-analysis of public gene-array data on the expression of a group of TNFSF ligands (BAFF, APRIL, TWEAK) and their receptors (BAFF-R, TACI, BCMA, Fn14) in gliomas. In addition, we investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the tumor cells' expression of these ligands and receptors in a series of 56 gliomas of different grade. We show that in IHC, BAFF and APRIL as well as their cognate receptors (BCMA, TACI) and Fn14 expression correlate with tumor grade. This result was not evidenced in micro-arrays meta-analysis. Finally, we detected for the first time Fn14, BAFF, BCMA and TACI in glioma-related vascular endothelium. Our data, combined with our previous report in glioma cell lines, suggest a role for these receptors and ligands in glioma biology and advance these molecules as potential markers for the classification of these tumors to the proliferative, angiogenic or stem-like molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Pelekanou
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratories of Pathology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Notas
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Andreas Tsapis
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
- INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; (4) Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
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Differences in gene expression and cytokine levels between newly diagnosed and chronic pediatric ITP. Blood 2013; 122:1789-92. [PMID: 23869085 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-05-502807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Newly diagnosed and chronic ITP are most likely separate disease entities.
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Nazeri A, Heydarpour P, Sadaghiani S, Sahraian MA, Burkly LC, Bar-Or A. A further TWEAK to multiple sclerosis pathophysiology. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 49:78-87. [PMID: 23873135 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a member of the TNF super family that controls many cellular activities including proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammation by binding to fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), a highly inducible cell surface receptor. Recent studies have indicated that TWEAK-Fn14 axis signaling may contribute to chronic autoimmune diseases. TWEAK expression via microglia in cortical lesions, presence of TWEAK(+) macrophages in inflamed leptomeninges, and absence of TWEAK/Fn14 expression in healthy brain implicates importance of this pathway in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis lesions. TWEAK-Fn14 axis blockade has also shown promise in various multiple sclerosis animal models. Stimulation of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway can result in activation of both canonical and noncanonical NF-κB signaling and could also stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Here, we have reviewed evidence of the possible role of TWEAK-Fn14 axis in pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) via neuroinflammation, tissue remodeling, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neurodegeneration, and astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Nazeri
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Salzmann S, Seher A, Trebing J, Weisenberger D, Rosenthal A, Siegmund D, Wajant H. Fibroblast growth factor inducible (Fn14)-specific antibodies concomitantly display signaling pathway-specific agonistic and antagonistic activity. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:13455-66. [PMID: 23532848 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.435917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fn14 is a therapeutic target in various diseases. RESULTS Anti-Fn14 antibodies activate the alternative NFκB pathway but not other Fn14-related activities induced by soluble or membrane-bound TWEAK. FcγR-bound anti-Fn14 antibodies, however, activate the full spectrum of Fn14-associated activities. CONCLUSION Anti-Fn14 antibodies elicit agonistic activities differing from those of the natural Fn14 ligand TWEAK. SIGNIFICANCE These findings influence the rationale of designing Fn14-targeted therapies. The Fn14-specific monoclonal antibodies PDL192 and P4A8, which are under consideration in clinical trials, showed no agonistic activity with respect to IL8 production and cell death induction. However, oligomerization with protein G or binding to Fcγ receptors converted both anti-Fn14 antibodies into potent agonists. TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), the ligand of Fn14, occurs naturally in two forms with partly different signaling capabilities, as a membrane-bound ligand and as a soluble trimeric molecule. Although membrane TWEAK strongly triggers all Fn14-associated pathways, soluble TWEAK predominately triggers the alternative nuclear factor κB (NFκB) pathway and enhances TNF-induced cell death but has only a poor effect on the classical NFκB pathway and chemokine production. Thus, the oligomerized and FcγR-bound anti-Fn14 mAbs mimicked the activity of membrane TWEAK. Notably, both anti-Fn14 antibodies significantly triggered p100 processing, the hallmark of the alternative NFκB pathway, and therefore resembled soluble TWEAK. In contrast to the latter, however, the anti-Fn14s showed no effect on TNF receptor 1-induced cell death and P4A8 even blocked the corresponding TWEAK response. Thus, we showed that Fn14 antibodies display an alternative NFκB pathway-specific agonistic activity but fail to phenocopy other activities of soluble TWEAK, whereas oligomerized or FcγR-bound Fn14 antibodies fully mimic the activity of membrane TWEAK. In view of the trivalent nature of the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction, this suggests that the alternative NFκB pathway is uniquely responsive already to Fn14 dimerization enabling antibodies to elicit an unnatural response pattern distinct from that of the naturally occurring Fn14 ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Salzmann
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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Amelioration of autoimmune neuroinflammation by the fusion molecule Fn14·TRAIL. J Neuroinflammation 2013; 10:36. [PMID: 23497038 PMCID: PMC3599748 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-10-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a, T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, the management of which remains challenging. The recently described fusion protein, Fn14·TRAIL, combining the extracellular domain of Fn14 (capable of blocking the pro-inflammatory TWEAK ligand) fused to the extracellular domain of the TRAIL ligand (capable of sending apoptotic signals through its receptors on activated inflammatory cells) was designed to modulate the immune system as an anti-inflammatory agent. The present study explores the efficacy of this purified protein as an anti-inflammatory agent, using the animal model of MS - experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods EAE was induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Fn14·TRAIL or vehicle were injected daily for 4 to 16 days, at different time points after disease induction. Animals were examined daily and evaluated for EAE clinical signs. Lymphocytes were analyzed for ex vivo re-stimulation, cytokine secretion, transcription factor expression and subtype cell analysis. Spinal cords were checked for inflammatory foci. The Mann- Whitney rank sum test, Student’s t-test or ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results Significant improvement of EAE in the group treated with Fn14·TRAIL was noted from day 6 of disease onset and lasted until the end of follow-up (day 40 from disease induction), even in animals treated for 4 days only. Clinical improvement was linked to decreased lymphocyte infiltrates in the central nervous system (CNS) and to decreased Th1 and Th17 responses and to increased number of T- regulatory in the treated mice. No liver or kidney toxicity was evident. In vitro assays established the ability of Fn14·TRAIL to induce apoptosis of T cell lines expressing TRAIL receptors and TWEAK. Conclusions In this study we established the potency of Fn14·TRAIL, a unique fusion protein combining two potentially functional domains, in inhibiting the clinical course of EAE, even when given for a short time, without apparent toxicity. These findings make Fn14·TRAIL a highly promising agent to be used for targeted amelioration of neuro-inflammatory processes, as well as other autoimmune pathologies.
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Chen T, Guo ZP, Li L, Li MM, Wang TT, Jia RZ, Cao N, Li JY. TWEAK enhances E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression, and may contribute to the development of cutaneous vasculitis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56830. [PMID: 23457623 PMCID: PMC3574067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work indicated that TWEAK is associated with various types of cutaneous vasculitis (CV). Herein, we investigate the effects of TWEAK on vascular injury and adhesion molecule expression in CV mice. We showed that TWEAK priming in mice induced a local CV. Furthermore, TWEAK priming also increased the extravasation of FITC-BSA, myeloperoxidase activity and the expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1. Conversely, TWEAK blockade ameliorated the LPS-induced vascular damage, leukocyte infiltrates and adhesion molecules expression in LPS-induced CV. In addition, TWEAK treatment of HDMECs up-regulated E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. TWEAK also enhanced the adhesion of PMNs to HDMECs. Finally, western blot data revealed that TWEAK can induce phosphorylation of p38, JNK and ERK in HDMECs. These data suggest that TWEAK acted as an inducer of E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression in CV mice and HDMECs, may contribute to the development of CV.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cytokine TWEAK
- E-Selectin/genetics
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Intracellular Space/drug effects
- Intracellular Space/metabolism
- Leukocytes/cytology
- Leukocytes/drug effects
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Peroxidase/metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/blood
- TWEAK Receptor
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/blood
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/pharmacology
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/chemically induced
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/genetics
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/metabolism
- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zai-pei Guo
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: .
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng-meng Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting-ting Wang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-zhen Jia
- Open Laboratory, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Cao
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-yi Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Stephan D, Sbai O, Wen J, Couraud PO, Putterman C, Khrestchatisky M, Desplat-Jégo S. TWEAK/Fn14 pathway modulates properties of a human microvascular endothelial cell model of blood brain barrier. J Neuroinflammation 2013; 10:9. [PMID: 23320797 PMCID: PMC3570290 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-10-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TNF ligand family member TWEAK exists as membrane and soluble forms and is involved in the regulation of various human inflammatory pathologies, through binding to its main receptor, Fn14. We have shown that the soluble form of TWEAK has a pro-neuroinflammatory effect in an animal model of multiple sclerosis and we further demonstrated that blocking TWEAK activity during the recruitment phase of immune cells across the blood brain barrier (BBB) was protective in this model. It is now well established that endothelial cells in the periphery and astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are targets of TWEAK. Moreover, it has been shown by others that, when injected into mice brains, TWEAK disrupts the architecture of the BBB and induces expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the brain. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in such conditions are complex and remain to be explored, especially because there is a lack of data concerning the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in microvascular cerebral endothelial cells. METHODS In this study, we used human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell (HCMEC) cultures as an in vitro model of the BBB to study the effects of soluble TWEAK on the properties and the integrity of the BBB model. RESULTS We showed that soluble TWEAK induces an inflammatory profile on HCMECs, especially by promoting secretion of cytokines, by modulating production and activation of MMP-9, and by expression of cell adhesion molecules. We also demonstrated that these effects of TWEAK are associated with increased permeability of the HCMEC monolayer in the in vitro BBB model. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the data suggest a role for soluble TWEAK in BBB inflammation and in the promotion of BBB interactions with immune cells. These results support the contention that the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway could contribute at least to the endothelial steps of neuroinflammation.
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Zhi-Chun L, Qiao-Ling Z, Zhi-Qin L, Xiao-Zhao L, Xiao-xia Z, Rong T. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) mediates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and signal transduction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with lupus nephritis. Inflammation 2012; 35:935-43. [PMID: 22009442 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-011-9396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Forty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including 26 patients with renal damage and 16 without, and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. The isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) or anti-tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) mAb, with or without phytohemagglutinin/phorbol myristate acetate (PHA/PMA) stimulation. Western blot experiments were used to evaluate the protein expression of TWEAK and p38 MAPK in PBMCs .Next, the contents of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the supernatant were measured by ELISA. The results showed that expression of TWEAK protein in PBMCs from lupus nephritis patients was significantly higher than that from SLE patients without renal damage and healthy controls. PHA/PMA simulation could upregulate the productions of TWEAK and p-p38MAPK in PBMCs from patients with SLE. Anti-TWEAK mAb treatment downregulated both TWEAK and p-p38 MAPK expression in PBMCs, as well as IL-10 and MCP-1 in the supernatant; SB203580 had the same effect on cytokine production in PBMC, but had no effect on the expression of TWEAK. Our results suggested that TWEAK-p38 MAPK-IL-10, MCP-1 signaling pathway in PBMC played an important pathogenic role in lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zhi-Chun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
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Rousselet E, Traver S, Monnet Y, Perrin A, Mandjee N, Hild A, Hirsch EC, Zheng TS, Hunot S. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis Induces Astrocyte Proliferation through the Activation of Transforming-Growth Factor-α/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:948-57. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.079608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Xia Y, Campbell SR, Broder A, Herlitz L, Abadi M, Wu P, Michaelson JS, Burkly LC, Putterman C. Inhibition of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway attenuates renal disease in nephrotoxic serum nephritis. Clin Immunol 2012; 145:108-21. [PMID: 22982296 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previously it was shown that the TNF superfamily member TWEAK (TNFSF12) acts through its receptor, Fn14, to promote proinflammatory responses in kidney cells, including the production of MCP-1, RANTES, IP-10 and KC. In addition, the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway promotes mesangial cell proliferation, vascular cell activation, and renal cell death. To study the relevance of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in the pathogenesis of antibody-induced nephritis using the mouse model of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN), we induced NTN by passive transfer of rabbit anti-glomerular antibodies into Fn14 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice. Severe proteinuria as well as renal histopathology were induced in WT but not in Fn14 KO mice. Similarly, a pharmacologic approach of anti-TWEAK mAb administration into WT mice in the NTN model significantly ameliorated proteinuria and improved kidney histology. Anti-TWEAK treatment did not affect the generation of mouse anti-rabbit antibodies; however, within the kidney there was a significant decrease in glomerular immunoglobulin deposition, as well as macrophage infiltrates and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The mechanism of action is most likely due to reductions in downstream targets of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling, including reduced renal expression of MCP-1, VCAM-1, IP-10, RANTES as well as Fn14 itself, and other molecular pathways associated with fibrosis in anti-TWEAK treated mice. Thus, TWEAK/Fn14 interactions are instrumental in the pathogenesis of nephritis in the NTN model, apparently mediating a cascade of pathologic events locally in the kidney rather than by impacting the systemic immune response. Disrupting TWEAK/Fn14 interactions may be an innovative kidney-protective approach for the treatment of lupus nephritis and other antibody-induced renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Xia
- Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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44
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Dohi T, Burkly LC. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway as an aggravating and perpetuating factor in inflammatory diseases; focus on inflammatory bowel diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:265-79. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Dohi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Linda C. Burkly
- Department of Immunology, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Liu ZC, Zhou QL. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis and its potential roles in lupus nephritis. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:277-84. [PMID: 22297307 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a recently identified proinflammatory cytokine of the TNF superfamily that functions through binding to Fn14 receptor in target cells. TWEAK has multiple biological activities. Studies show that TWEAK plays an important role in immune inflammatory diseases. Recent work has revealed that TWEAK may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney damage, including in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where its concentration in urine was correlated with the level of activity of lupus nephritis (LN). OBJECTIVE The major focus of this review is to discuss the recent studies on TWEAK and its possible role in the pathogenesis of LN, and the therapeutic potential of modulating this pathway in LN. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION TWEAK plays a key role in the pathogenesis of LN through activation of multiple down-signaling pathway, inducing proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, affecting cell proliferation/apoptosis and inducing renal IgG deposition. TWEAK blockade may be a novel therapeutic approach to reducing renal damage in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chun Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Michaelson JS, Wisniacki N, Burkly LC, Putterman C. Role of TWEAK in lupus nephritis: a bench-to-bedside review. J Autoimmun 2012; 39:130-42. [PMID: 22727560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is significant unmet need in the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN) patients. In this review, we highlight the role of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in mediating key pathologic processes underlying LN involving both glomerular and tubular injury, and thus the potential for renal protection via blockade of this pathway. The specific pathological mechanisms of TWEAK - namely promoting inflammation, renal cell proliferation and apoptosis, vascular activation and fibrosis - are described, with supporting data from animal models and in vitro systems. Furthermore, we detail the translational relevance of these mechanisms to clinical readouts in human LN. We present the opportunity for an anti-TWEAK therapeutic as a renal protective agent to improve efficacy relative to current standard of care treatments hopefully without increased safety risk, and highlight a phase II trial with BIIB023, an anti-TWEAK neutralizing antibody, designed to assess efficacy in LN patients. Taken together, targeting the TWEAK/Fn14 axis represents a potential new therapeutic paradigm for achieving renal protection in LN patients.
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Fick A, Lang I, Schäfer V, Seher A, Trebing J, Weisenberger D, Wajant H. Studies of binding of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) to fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 (Fn14). J Biol Chem 2011; 287:484-495. [PMID: 22081603 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.287656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To perform highly sensitive cellular binding studies with TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), we developed a bioluminescent variant of soluble TWEAK (GpL-FLAG-TNC-TWEAK) by fusing it genetically to the C terminus of the luciferase of Gaussia princeps (GpL). Equilibrium binding studies on human (HT1080 and HT29) and murine (Renca and B16) cell lines at 37 °C revealed high affinities of human TWEAK from 53 to 112 pm. The dissociation rate constant of the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction was between 0.48×10(-3) s(-1) (HT29) and 0.58×10(-3) s(-1) (HT1080) for the human molecules, and the association rate constant obtained was 3.3×10(6) m(-1) s(-1) for both cell lines. It has been shown previously that oligomerization of soluble TWEAK trimers results in enhanced Fn14-mediated activation of the classical NFκB pathway. Binding studies with GpL-FLAG-TNC-TWEAK trimers oligomerized by help of a FLAG tag-specific antibody gave no evidence for a major increase in Fn14 occupancy by oligomerized ligand despite strongly enhanced induction of the NFκB target IL8. Thus, aggregated complexes of soluble TWEAK and Fn14 have a higher intrinsic activity to stimulate the classical NFκB pathway and qualitatively differ from isolated trimeric TWEAK-Fn14 complexes. Furthermore, determination of IL8 induction as a function of occupied activated receptors revealed that the intrinsic capability of TNFR1 to stimulate the classical NFκB pathway and IL8 production was ∼100-fold higher than Fn14. Thus, although ∼25 activated TNFR1 trimers were sufficient to trigger half-maximal IL8 production, more than 2500 cell-bound oligomerized TWEAK trimers were required to elicit a similar response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fick
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabell Lang
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria Schäfer
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Seher
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Trebing
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weisenberger
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
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Chen T, Guo ZP, Li MM, Li JY, Jiao XY, Zhang YH, Liu HJ. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), an important mediator of endothelial inflammation, is associated with the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Clin Exp Immunol 2011; 166:64-71. [PMID: 21762126 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family, has been implicated as a proinflammatory cytokine in many types of autoimmune and infectious diseases. However, information about TWEAK in dermatological diseases is limited. Herein, we investigated the role of TWEAK in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) and the ability of TWEAK on chemokine production in the human dermal microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1). Serum TWEAK levels in patients with HSP, together with patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV) and atopic dermatitis (AD), were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HMEC-1 cells were treated with TWEAK at concentrations ranging from 1 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml. Serum levels of TWEAK were elevated in patients with HSP in the acute stage but not in patients with PV or AD. Moreover, TWEAK levels were correlated with the severity of HSP. TWEAK markedly induced CCL5 and CXCL8 production at both mRNA and protein levels in HMEC-1 cells. In addition, TWEAK-stimulated HMEC-1 supernatant enhanced HL-60 or human acute monocytic leukaemia cell line (THP-1) cell migration. Finally, Western blot data revealed that TWEAK can induce rapid phosphorylation of inhibitor of κB-α (IκBα) in HMEC-1 cells. In conclusion, we show that serum levels of TWEAK were elevated in patients with acute stage HSP. TWEAK may act as a regulator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and chemokine production in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, thus promoting leucocyte migration in cutaneous vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chen
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a cytokine of the TNF superfamily that activates the Fn14 receptor. TWEAK may regulate cell proliferation, cell death, cell differentiation, and inflammation. TWEAK and Fn14 are constitutively present in the kidney. Sources of TWEAK and Fn14 include intrinsic renal cells and infiltrating leukocytes. Basal Fn14 expression is low, but Fn14 is greatly upregulated during kidney injury. TWEAK contributes to kidney inflammation promoting chemokine secretion by renal cells through canonical and non-canonical NFκB activation. TWEAK also promotes tubular cell proliferation. However, TWEAK induces mesangial and tubular cell apoptosis under proinflammatory conditions. These data indicate that TWEAK is a multifunctional cytokine in the kidney, the actions of which are modulated by the cell microenvironment. Confirmation of the role of TWEAK in kidney injury came from functional studies in experimental animal models. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway contributed to cell death and interstitial inflammation during acute kidney injury, to glomerular injury in lupus nephritis, to hyperlipidemia-associated kidney injury, and to tubular cell hyperplasia following unilateral nephrectomy. Circulating soluble TWEAK (sTWEAK) levels are a potential biomarker of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease and urinary sTWEAK is a potential biomarker of lupus nephritis activity. The available evidence suggests that TWEAK may provide diagnostic information and be a therapeutic target in renal injury. Its role in human kidney disease should be further explored.
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Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD, Izquierdo MC, Blanco-Colio LM, Selgas R, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Sanz AB. TWEAK and the kidney: the dual role of a multifunctional cytokine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 691:323-35. [PMID: 21153336 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6612-4_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ortiz
- Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo, Madrid, Spain
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