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Redjimi N, Duperrier-Amouriaux K, Raimbaud I, Luescher I, Dojcinovic D, Classe JM, Berton-Rigaud D, Frenel JS, Bourbouloux E, Valmori D, Ayyoub M. NY-ESO-1-specific circulating CD4+ T cells in ovarian cancer patients are prevalently T(H)1 type cells undetectable in the CD25+ FOXP3+ Treg compartment. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22845. [PMID: 21829534 PMCID: PMC3146491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous CD4(+) T-cell responses to the tumor-specific antigen NY-ESO-1 (ESO) are frequently found in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). If these responses are of effector or/and Treg type, however, has remained unclear. Here, we have used functional approaches together with recently developed MHC class II/ESO tetramers to assess the frequency, phenotype and function of ESO-specific cells in circulating lymphocytes from EOC patients. We found that circulating ESO-specific CD4(+) T cells in EOC patients with spontaneous immune responses to the antigen are prevalently T(H)1 type cells secreting IFN-γ but no IL-17 or IL-10 and are not suppressive. We detected tetramer(+) cells ex vivo, at an average frequency of 1:25,000 memory cells, that is, significantly lower than in patients immunized with an ESO vaccine. ESO tetramer(+) cells were mostly effector memory cells at advanced stages of differentiation and were not detected in circulating CD25(+)FOXP3(+)Treg. Thus, spontaneous CD4(+) T-cell responses to ESO in cancer patients are prevalently of T(H)1 type and not Treg. Their relatively low frequency and advanced differentiation stage, however, may limit their efficacy, that may be boosted by immunogenic ESO vaccines.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/immunology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Interleukin-17/metabolism
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Count
- Major Histocompatibility Complex
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Redjimi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 892, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Karine Duperrier-Amouriaux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 892, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Isabelle Raimbaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 892, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Immanuel Luescher
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Danijel Dojcinovic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Classe
- Department of Surgery, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | | | | | | | - Danila Valmori
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 892, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- * E-mail: (MA); (DV)
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 892, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
- * E-mail: (MA); (DV)
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Ayyoub M, Pignon P, Dojcinovic D, Raimbaud I, Old LJ, Luescher I, Valmori D. Assessment of vaccine-induced CD4 T cell responses to the 119-143 immunodominant region of the tumor-specific antigen NY-ESO-1 using DRB1*0101 tetramers. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:4607-15. [PMID: 20670945 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE NY-ESO-1 (ESO), a tumor-specific antigen of the cancer/testis group, is presently viewed as an important model antigen for the development of generic anticancer vaccines. The ESO(119-143) region is immunodominant following immunization with a recombinant ESO vaccine. In this study, we generated DRB1*0101/ESO(119-143) tetramers and used them to assess CD4 T-cell responses in vaccinated patients expressing DRB1*0101 (DR1). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We generated tetramers of DRB1*0101 incorporating peptide ESO(119-143) using a previously described strategy. We assessed ESO(119-143)-specific CD4 T cells in peptide-stimulated postvaccine cultures using the tetramers. We isolated DR1/ESO(119-143) tetramer(+) cells by cell sorting and characterized them functionally. We assessed vaccine-induced CD4(+) DR1/ESO(119-143) tetramer(+) T cells ex vivo and characterized them phenotypically. RESULTS Staining of cultures from vaccinated patients with DR1/ESO(119-143) tetramers identified vaccine-induced CD4 T cells. Tetramer(+) cells isolated by cell sorting were of T(H)1 type and efficiently recognized full-length ESO. We identified ESO(123-137) as the minimal optimal epitope recognized by DR1-restricted ESO-specific CD4 T cells. By assessing DR1/ESO(119-143) tetramer(+) cells using T cell receptor (TCR) β chain variable region (Vβ)-specific antibodies, we identified several frequently used Vβ. Finally, direct ex vivo staining of patients' CD4 T cells with tetramers allowed the direct quantification and phenotyping of vaccine-induced ESO-specific CD4 T cells. CONCLUSIONS The development of DR1/ESO(119-143) tetramers, allowing the direct visualization, isolation, and characterization of ESO-specific CD4 T cells, will be instrumental for the evaluation of spontaneous and vaccine-induced immune responses to this important tumor antigen in DR1-expressing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Ayyoub
- Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale, Unité 892, CLCC René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France.
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Bioley G, Dousset C, Yeh A, Dupont B, Bhardwaj N, Mears G, Old LJ, Ayyoub M, Valmori D. Vaccination with recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein elicits immunodominant HLA-DR52b-restricted CD4+ T cell responses with a conserved T cell receptor repertoire. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:4467-74. [PMID: 19531622 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ESO is a tumor-specific antigen with wide expression in human tumors of different histologic types and remarkable spontaneous immunogenicity. We have previously shown that specific T(H)1 and antibody responses can be elicited in patients with no detectable preexisting immune responses by vaccination with rESO administered with Montanide ISA-51 and CpG ODN 7909. The purpose of the present study was to characterize vaccine-induced ESO-specific CD4(+) T cell responses. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We generated CD4(+) T cell clones from patient C2, who had the highest CD4(+) T cell response to the vaccine, and analyzed their fine specificity and HLA class II restriction to determine the recognized epitope. We then assessed the response to the identified epitope in all vaccinated patients expressing the corresponding HLA class II allele. RESULTS We found that ESO-specific CD4(+) T cell clones from patient C2 recognize peptide ESO(119-143) (core region 123-137) presented by HLA-DR52b (HLA-DRB3*0202), a MHC class II allele expressed by about half of Caucasians. Importantly, following vaccination, all patients expressing DR52b developed significant responses to the identified epitope, accounting for, on average, half of the total CD4(+) T cell responses to the 119-143 immunodominant region. In addition, analysis of ESO-specific DR52b-restricted CD4(+) T cells at the clonal level revealed significant conservation of T cell receptor usage among different individuals. CONCLUSIONS The identification of a DR52b-restricted epitope from ESO that is immunodominant in the context of vaccine-elicited immune responses is instrumental for the immunologic monitoring of vaccination trials targeting this important tumor antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Bioley
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CLCC René Gauducheau, Boulevard Jacques Monod, Saint Herblain, France
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Vaccination With a Recombinant Protein Encoding the Tumor-specific Antigen NY-ESO-1 Elicits an A2/157-165-specific CTL Repertoire Structurally Distinct and of Reduced Tumor Reactivity Than That Elicited by Spontaneous Immune Responses to NY-ESO-1-expressing Tumors. J Immunother 2009; 32:161-8. [DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e31819302f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Skoberne M, Yewdall A, Bahjat KS, Godefroy E, Lauer P, Lemmens E, Liu W, Luckett W, Leong M, Dubensky TW, Brockstedt DG, Bhardwaj N. KBMA Listeria monocytogenes is an effective vector for DC-mediated induction of antitumor immunity. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:3990-4001. [PMID: 19033668 PMCID: PMC2579623 DOI: 10.1172/jci31350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine strategies that utilize human DCs to enhance antitumor immunity have yet to realize their full potential. Approaches that optimally target a spectrum of antigens to DCs are urgently needed. Here we report the development of a platform for loading DCs with antigen. It is based on killed but metabolically active (KBMA) recombinant Listeria monocytogenes and facilitates both antigen delivery and maturation of human DCs. Highly attenuated KBMA L. monocytogenes were engineered to express an epitope of the melanoma-associated antigen MelanA/Mart-1 that is recognized by human CD8+ T cells when presented by the MHC class I molecule HLA-A*0201. The engineered KBMA L. monocytogenes induced human DC upregulation of costimulatory molecules and secretion of pro-Th1 cytokines and type I interferons, leading to effective priming of Mart-1-specific human CD8+ T cells and lysis of patient-derived melanoma cells. KBMA L. monocytogenes expressing full-length NY-ESO-1 protein, another melanoma-associated antigen, delivered the antigen for presentation by MHC class I and class II molecules independent of the MHC haplotype of the DC donor. A mouse therapeutic tumor model was used to show that KBMA L. monocytogenes efficiently targeted APCs in vivo to induce protective antitumor responses. Together, our data demonstrate that KBMA L. monocytogenes may be a powerful platform that can both deliver recombinant antigen to DCs for presentation and provide a potent DC-maturation stimulus, making it a potential cancer vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Skoberne
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Alice Yewdall
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Keith S. Bahjat
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Godefroy
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Peter Lauer
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Edward Lemmens
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Weiqun Liu
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Will Luckett
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Meredith Leong
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Thomas W. Dubensky
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Dirk G. Brockstedt
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anza Therapeutics, Concord, California, USA
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Adams S, O'Neill DW, Nonaka D, Hardin E, Chiriboga L, Siu K, Cruz CM, Angiulli A, Angiulli F, Ritter E, Holman RM, Shapiro RL, Berman RS, Berner N, Shao Y, Manches O, Pan L, Venhaus RR, Hoffman EW, Jungbluth A, Gnjatic S, Old L, Pavlick AC, Bhardwaj N. Immunization of malignant melanoma patients with full-length NY-ESO-1 protein using TLR7 agonist imiquimod as vaccine adjuvant. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 181:776-84. [PMID: 18566444 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell-mediated immunity to microbes and to cancer can be enhanced by the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) via TLRs. In this study, we evaluated the safety and feasibility of topical imiquimod, a TLR7 agonist, in a series of vaccinations against the cancer/testis Ag NY-ESO-1 in patients with malignant melanoma. Recombinant, full-length NY-ESO-1 protein was administered intradermally into imiquimod preconditioned sites followed by additional topical applications of imiquimod. The regimen was very well tolerated with only mild and transient local reactions and constitutional symptoms. Secondarily, we examined the systemic immune response induced by the imiquimod/NY-ESO-1 combination, and show that it elicited both humoral and cellular responses in a significant fraction of patients. Skin biopsies were assessed for imiquimod's in situ immunomodulatory effects. Compared with untreated skin, topical imiquimod induced dermal mononuclear cell infiltrates in all patients composed primarily of T cells, monocytes, macrophages, myeloid DCs, NK cells, and, to a lesser extent, plasmacytoid DCs. DC activation was evident. This study demonstrates the feasibility and excellent safety profile of a topically applied TLR7 agonist used as a vaccine adjuvant in cancer patients. Imiquimod's adjuvant effects require further evaluation and likely need optimization of parameters such as formulation, dose, and timing relative to Ag exposure for maximal immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Adams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, New York University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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7
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Valmori D, Souleimanian NE, Tosello V, Bhardwaj N, Adams S, O'Neill D, Pavlick A, Escalon JB, Cruz CM, Angiulli A, Angiulli F, Mears G, Vogel SM, Pan L, Jungbluth AA, Hoffmann EW, Venhaus R, Ritter G, Old LJ, Ayyoub M. Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 protein and CpG in Montanide induces integrated antibody/Th1 responses and CD8 T cells through cross-priming. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:8947-52. [PMID: 17517626 PMCID: PMC1885608 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0703395104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of recombinant tumor antigen proteins is a realistic approach for the development of generic cancer vaccines, but the potential of this type of vaccines to induce specific CD8(+) T cell responses, through in vivo cross-priming, has remained unclear. In this article, we report that repeated vaccination of cancer patients with recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein, Montanide ISA-51, and CpG ODN 7909, a potent stimulator of B cells and T helper type 1 (Th1)-type immunity, resulted in the early induction of specific integrated CD4(+) Th cells and antibody responses in most vaccinated patients, followed by the development of later CD8(+) T cell responses in a fraction of them. The correlation between antibody and T cell responses, together with the ability of vaccine-induced antibodies to promote in vitro cross-presentation of NY-ESO-1 by dendritic cells to vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells, indicated that elicitation of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses by cross-priming in vivo was associated with the induction of adequate levels of specific antibodies. Together, our data provide clear evidence of in vivo cross-priming of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by a recombinant tumor antigen vaccine, underline the importance of specific antibody induction for the cross-priming to occur, and support the use of this type of formulation for the further development of efficient cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Valmori
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | | | - Valeria Tosello
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Sylvia Adams
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - David O'Neill
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Anna Pavlick
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | | | | | | | | | - Gregory Mears
- Division of Medical Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Susan M. Vogel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Linda Pan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10158
| | | | | | - Ralph Venhaus
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10158
| | - Gerd Ritter
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10158
| | - Lloyd J. Old
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10158
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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Epitope clustering in regions undergoing efficient proteasomal processing defines immunodominant CTL regions of a tumor antigen. Clin Immunol 2006; 122:163-72. [PMID: 17064965 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2006.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2006] [Revised: 09/10/2006] [Accepted: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Identification of immunodominant CD8(+) T cell responses to frequently expressed tumor antigens across MHC class I polymorphism is essential for the implementation of cancer immunotherapy. However, the key factors that determine immunodominance are not fully understood. Because of its frequent expression in tumors and its spontaneous immunogenicity, NY-ESO-1 is a prime target of cancer vaccines and an ideal model antigen for elucidating the molecular basis of immunodominant tumor-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. Here, we have assessed CD8(+)T cell responses to full-length NY-ESO-1 in cancer patients. We identified 3 immunodominant regions of the protein located within 3 distinct clusters of MHC class I binding sequences that co-localize with previously defined clusters of MHC class II binding sequences, are predicted to be hydrophobic and undergo efficient proteasomal processing. Our results support the concept that epitope clustering within defined protein regions identifies tumor antigen immunodominant regions and suggest a general strategy for their identification.
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Janjic B, Andrade P, Wang XF, Fourcade J, Almunia C, Kudela P, Brufsky A, Jacobs S, Friedland D, Stoller R, Gillet D, Herberman RB, Kirkwood JM, Maillere B, Zarour HM. Spontaneous CD4+ T cell responses against TRAG-3 in patients with melanoma and breast cancers. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:2717-27. [PMID: 16888034 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.4.2717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The taxol resistance gene TRAG-3 was initially isolated from cancer cell lines that became resistant to taxol in vitro. TRAG-3 is a cancer germline Ag expressed by tumors of different histological types including the majority of melanoma, breast, and lung cancers. In the present study, we report that patients with stage IV melanoma and breast cancers developed spontaneous IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ T cell responses against a single immunodominant and promiscuous peptide epitope from TRAG-3 presented in the context of multiple HLA-DR molecules. The TRAG-3-specific CD4+ T cells and clones were expanded in vitro and recognized not only peptide pulsed APCs but also autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the TRAG-3 protein. All stage IV melanoma patients with TRAG-3-expressing tumors developed spontaneous CD4+ T cell responses against TRAG-3, demonstrating its strong immunogenicity. None of these patients had detectable IgG Ab responses against TRAG-3. TCRbeta gene usage studies of TRAG-3-specific CD4+ T cell clones from a melanoma patient and a normal donor suggested a restricted TCR repertoire in patients with TRAG-3-expressing tumors. Altogether, our data define a novel profile of spontaneous immune responses to cancer germline Ag-expressing tumors, showing that spontaneous TRAG-3-specific CD4+ T cells are directed against a single immunodominant epitope and exist independently of Ab responses. Because of its immunodominance, peptide TRAG-3(34-48) is of particular interest for the monitoring of spontaneous immune responses in patients with TRAG-3-expressing tumors and for the development of cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bratislav Janjic
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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