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Jiang Y, Rex DA, Schuster D, Neely BA, Rosano GL, Volkmar N, Momenzadeh A, Peters-Clarke TM, Egbert SB, Kreimer S, Doud EH, Crook OM, Yadav AK, Vanuopadath M, Hegeman AD, Mayta M, Duboff AG, Riley NM, Moritz RL, Meyer JG. Comprehensive Overview of Bottom-Up Proteomics Using Mass Spectrometry. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:338-417. [PMID: 39193565 PMCID: PMC11348894 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Proteomics is the large scale study of protein structure and function from biological systems through protein identification and quantification. "Shotgun proteomics" or "bottom-up proteomics" is the prevailing strategy, in which proteins are hydrolyzed into peptides that are analyzed by mass spectrometry. Proteomics studies can be applied to diverse studies ranging from simple protein identification to studies of proteoforms, protein-protein interactions, protein structural alterations, absolute and relative protein quantification, post-translational modifications, and protein stability. To enable this range of different experiments, there are diverse strategies for proteome analysis. The nuances of how proteomic workflows differ may be challenging to understand for new practitioners. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of different proteomics methods. We cover from biochemistry basics and protein extraction to biological interpretation and orthogonal validation. We expect this Review will serve as a handbook for researchers who are new to the field of bottom-up proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Jiang
- Department
of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars Sinai
Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart
Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Advanced
Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los
Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Devasahayam Arokia
Balaya Rex
- Center for
Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Dina Schuster
- Department
of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems
Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Department
of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology
and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory
of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin A. Neely
- Chemical
Sciences Division, National Institute of
Standards and Technology, NIST, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
| | - Germán L. Rosano
- Mass
Spectrometry
Unit, Institute of Molecular and Cellular
Biology of Rosario, Rosario, 2000 Argentina
| | - Norbert Volkmar
- Department
of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems
Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Momenzadeh
- Department
of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars Sinai
Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart
Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Advanced
Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los
Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Trenton M. Peters-Clarke
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States
| | - Susan B. Egbert
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Simion Kreimer
- Smidt Heart
Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Advanced
Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los
Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Emma H. Doud
- Center
for Proteome Analysis, Indiana University
School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202-3082, United States
| | - Oliver M. Crook
- Oxford
Protein Informatics Group, Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3LB, United
Kingdom
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Translational
Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon
Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | | | - Adrian D. Hegeman
- Departments
of Horticultural Science and Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Martín
L. Mayta
- School
of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences Research, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Libertador San Martin 3103, Argentina
- Molecular
Biology Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Anna G. Duboff
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Nicholas M. Riley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Robert L. Moritz
- Institute
for Systems biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Jesse G. Meyer
- Department
of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars Sinai
Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Smidt Heart
Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
- Advanced
Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los
Angeles, California 90048, United States
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Robin J, Lefeuvre S, Guihenneuc J, Cambien G, Dupuis A, Venisse N. Analytical methods and biomonitoring results in hair for the assessment of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals: A literature review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141523. [PMID: 38417485 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) are compounds that alter functions of the endocrine system due to their ability to mimic or antagonize endogenous hormones, or that alter their synthesis and metabolism, causing adverse health effects. Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a reliable method to assess human exposure to chemicals through measurement in human body fluids and tissues. It identifies new sources of exposure and determines their distribution, thereby enabling detection of the most exposed populations. Blood and urine are commonly used for HBM of EDC, but their interest is limited for compounds presenting short half-lives. Hair appears as an interesting alternative insofar as it provides a large exposure window. For the present study, we evaluated the relevance of hair in determining EDC exposure. With this in mind, we undertook a literature review focusing on the bioanalytical aspects and performances of methods developed to determine EDC in hair. The literature review was performed through methodical bibliographical research. Relevant articles were identified using two scientific databases: PubMed and Web of Science, with search equations built from a combination of keywords, MeSH terms and Boolean operators. The search strategy identified 2949 articles. After duplicates were removed, and following title, abstract, and full-text screenings, only 31 were included for qualitative synthesis. Hair collection was mainly performed in the back of the head and preparation involved two processes: cutting into small pieces or grounding to powder. The off-line LC-MS/MS method remains the main technique used to assess EDC through hair. Differences regarding the validation of analytical methods and interpretation of HBM results were highlighted, suggesting a need for international harmonisation to obtain reliable and comparable results. External contamination of hair was identified as a main limitation in the interpretation of results, highlighting the need to better understand EDC transfers through hair and to develop relevant hair decontamination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Robin
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Laboratoire EBI, Équipe IHES, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU de Poitiers, CIC-Inserm, Axe EATHER, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Sandrine Lefeuvre
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Laboratoire EBI, Équipe IHES, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU de Poitiers, CIC-Inserm, Axe EATHER, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Jérémy Guihenneuc
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Laboratoire EBI, Équipe IHES, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU de Poitiers, CIC-Inserm, Axe EATHER, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Guillaume Cambien
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Laboratoire EBI, Équipe IHES, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU de Poitiers, CIC-Inserm, Axe EATHER, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Antoine Dupuis
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Laboratoire EBI, Équipe IHES, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU de Poitiers, CIC-Inserm, Axe EATHER, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Nicolas Venisse
- Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Laboratoire EBI, Équipe IHES, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU de Poitiers, CIC-Inserm, Axe EATHER, F-86000 Poitiers, France.
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Berger S, Oesterle I, Ayeni KI, Ezekiel CN, Rompel A, Warth B. Polyphenol exposure of mothers and infants assessed by LC-MS/MS based biomonitoring in breast milk. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1759-1774. [PMID: 38363307 PMCID: PMC10899372 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to polyphenols is relevant throughout critical windows of infant development, including the breastfeeding phase. However, the quantitative assessment of polyphenols in human breast milk has received limited attention so far, though polyphenols may positively influence infant health. Therefore, a targeted LC-MS/MS assay was developed to investigate 86 analytes representing different polyphenol classes in human breast milk. The sample preparation consisted of liquid extraction, salting out, freeze-out, and a dilution step. Overall, nearly 70% of the chemically diverse polyphenols fulfilled all strict validation criteria for full quantitative assessment. The remaining analytes did not fulfill all criteria at every concentration level, but can still provide useful semi-quantitative insights into nutritional and biomedical research questions. The limits of detection for all analyzed polyphenols were in the range of 0.0041-87 ng*mL-1, with a median of 0.17 ng*mL-1. Moreover, the mean recovery was determined to be 82% and the mean signal suppression and enhancement effect was 117%. The developed assay was applied in a proof-of-principle study to investigate polyphenols in breast milk samples provided by twelve Nigerian mothers at three distinct time points post-delivery. In total, 50 polyphenol analytes were detected with almost half being phenolic acids. Phase II metabolites, including genistein-7-β-D-glucuronide, genistein-7-sulfate, and daidzein-7-β-D-glucuronide, were also detected in several samples. In conclusion, the developed method was demonstrated to be fit-for-purpose to simultaneously (semi-) quantify a wide variety of polyphenols in breast milk. It also demonstrated that various polyphenols including their biotransformation products were present in breast milk and therefore likely transferred to infants where they might impact microbiome development and infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Berger
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian Oesterle
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, 1090, Wien, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kolawole I Ayeni
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chibundu N Ezekiel
- Institute for Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz Str. 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Annette Rompel
- Universität Wien, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, 1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Benedikt Warth
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Exposome Austria, Research Infrastructure and National EIRENE Node, Vienna, Austria.
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Cafaro A, Barco S, Pigliasco F, Russo C, Mariani M, Mesini A, Saffioti C, Castagnola E, Cangemi G. Therapeutic drug monitoring of glycopeptide antimicrobials: An overview of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2024; 31:33-39. [PMID: 38304144 PMCID: PMC10831154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a critical clinical tool used to optimize the safety and effectiveness of drugs by measuring their concentration in biological fluids. These fluids are primarily plasma or blood. TDM, together with real-time dosage adjustment, contributes highly to the successful management of glycopeptide antimicrobial therapies. Understanding pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties is vital for optimizing antimicrobial therapies, as the efficacy of these therapies depends on both the exposure of the patient to the drug (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters such as the in vitro estimated minimum drug concentration that inhibits bacterial growth (MIC). Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is widely recognized as the gold standard for measuring small molecules, such as antibiotics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of LC-MS/MS methods available for TDM of glycopeptide antibiotics, including vancomycin, teicoplanin, dalbavancin, oritavancin, and telavancin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cafaro
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Barco
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Pigliasco
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Russo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Mariani
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Mesini
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Carolina Saffioti
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elio Castagnola
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cangemi
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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Tsikas D. GC-MS and GC-MS/MS measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) in clinical studies: Pre-analytical and clinical considerations. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2023; 30:10-24. [PMID: 37637438 PMCID: PMC10458701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA; 1,3-propanedial, OHC-CH2-CHO) is one of the most frequently measured biomarkers of oxidative stress in plasma and serum. L-Arginine (Arg) is the substrate of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which convert L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline. The Arg/NO pathway comprises several members, including the endogenous NOS-activity inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its major metabolite dimethyl amine (DMA), and nitrite and nitrate, the major NO metabolites. Reliable measurement of MDA and members of the Arg/NO pathway in plasma, serum, urine and in other biological samples, such as saliva and cerebrospinal fluid, is highly challenging both for analytical and pre-analytical reasons. In our group, we use validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) methods for the quantitative determination in clinical studies of MDA as a biomarker of oxidative stress, and various Arg/NO metabolites that describe the status of this pathway. Here, the importance of pre-analytical issues, which has emerged from the use of GC-MS and GC-MS/MS in clinico-pharmacological studies, is discussed. Paradigmatically, two studies on the long-term oral administration of L-arginine dihydrochloride to patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) or coronary artery disease (CAD) were considered. Pre-analytical issues that were addressed include blood sampling, plasma or serum storage, study design (notably in long-term studies), and the alternative of measuring MDA in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikas
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Toxicology, Core Unit Proteomics, 30623 Hannover, Germany
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Junger S, Hoene M, Shipkova M, Danzl G, Schöberl C, Peter A, Lehmann R, Wieland E, Braitmaier H. Automated LC-MS/MS: Ready for the clinical routine Laboratory? J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2023; 30:1-9. [PMID: 37583571 PMCID: PMC10423925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a sensitive method with high specificity. However, its routine use in the clinical laboratory is hampered by its high complexity and lack of automation. Studies demonstrate excellent analytical performance using the first fully automated LC-MS/MS for 25-hydroxy vitamin D and immunosuppressant drugs (ISD) in hospital routine laboratories. Objectives Our objectives were (1) to verify the suitability of an automated LC-MS/MS in a commercial laboratory, which differs from the needs of hospital laboratories, and (2) examine its usability among operators with various professional backgrounds. Methods We assessed the analytical assay performance for vitamin D and the ISDs cyclosporine A and tacrolimus over five months. The assays were compared to an identical analyzer in a hospital laboratory, to in-house LC-MS/MS methods, and to chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA). Nine operators evaluated the usability of the fully automated LC-MS/MS system by means of a structured questionnaire. Results The automated system exhibited a high precision (CV < 8%), accuracy (bias < 7%) and good agreement with concentrations of external quality assessment (EQA) samples. Comparable results were obtained with an identical analyzer in a hospital routine laboratory. Acceptable median deviations of results versus an in-house LC-MS/MS were observed for 25-OH vitamin D3 (-10.6%), cyclosporine A (-4.3%) and tacrolimus (-6.6%). The median bias between the automated system and immunoassays was only acceptable for 25-OH vitamin D3 (6.6%). All users stated that they had had a good experience with the fully automated LC-MS/MS system. Conclusions A fully automated LC-MS/MS can be easily integrated for routine diagnostics in a commercial laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Junger
- SYNLAB MVZ Leinfelden-Echterdingen GmbH, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany
| | - Miriam Hoene
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Shipkova
- SYNLAB MVZ Leinfelden-Echterdingen GmbH, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany
| | | | - Christof Schöberl
- SYNLAB MVZ Leinfelden-Echterdingen GmbH, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lehmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eberhard Wieland
- SYNLAB MVZ Leinfelden-Echterdingen GmbH, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany
| | - Helmine Braitmaier
- SYNLAB MVZ Leinfelden-Echterdingen GmbH, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany
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Birhanu AG. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics as an emerging tool in clinical laboratories. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:32. [PMID: 37633929 PMCID: PMC10464495 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics have been increasingly implemented in various disciplines of laboratory medicine to identify and quantify biomolecules in a variety of biological specimens. MS-based proteomics is continuously expanding and widely applied in biomarker discovery for early detection, prognosis and markers for treatment response prediction and monitoring. Furthermore, making these advanced tests more accessible and affordable will have the greatest healthcare benefit.This review article highlights the new paradigms MS-based clinical proteomics has created in microbiology laboratories, cancer research and diagnosis of metabolic disorders. The technique is preferred over conventional methods in disease detection and therapy monitoring for its combined advantages in multiplexing capacity, remarkable analytical specificity and sensitivity and low turnaround time.Despite the achievements in the development and adoption of a number of MS-based clinical proteomics practices, more are expected to undergo transition from bench to bedside in the near future. The review provides insights from early trials and recent progresses (mainly covering literature from the NCBI database) in the application of proteomics in clinical laboratories.
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Renai L, Marzullo L, Bonaccorso G, Orlandini S, Mattivi F, Bruzzoniti MC, Del Bubba M. Innovative thermally assisted on-line solid phase extraction-reversed phase liquid chromatography applied to targeted nutrimetabolomics in human biofluids. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1269:341429. [PMID: 37290855 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the use of thermal desorption in on-line solid phase extraction coupled with reversed phase liquid chromatography (on-line SPE-LC) was for the first time proposed and demonstrated for the desorption of analytes strongly retained by multiple interaction polymeric sorbents. In detail, this analytical strategy was applied to the on-line SPE-LC targeted analysis of a model set of 34 human gut metabolites characterized by heterogeneous physicochemical properties (i.e., octanol-water partition coefficient in the range -0.3 - 3.4). The novel thermally assisted on-line SPE approach was investigated in comparison to conventional room temperature desorption strategies based on the use of (i) an optimized elution gradient or (ii) organic desorption followed by post-cartridge dilution. The thermally assisted desorption strategy has been shown to be better performing and suitable for the development of a reliable and sensitive method for the analysis of the model group of analytes in urine and serum. In more detail, under the optimized experimental conditions, the proposed method provided negligible matrix effects in both biofluids for almost all target analytes. Moreover, method quantification limits were in the ranges 0.026-7.2 μg L-1 and 0.033-23 μg L-1 for urine and serum, respectively, i.e., comparable to or lower than those reported in methods previously published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lapo Renai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Marzullo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonaccorso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Orlandini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Metabolomics Unit, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via Mach 1, 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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9
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Bader JM, Albrecht V, Mann M. MS-based proteomics of body fluids: The end of the beginning. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023:100577. [PMID: 37209816 PMCID: PMC10388585 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate biomarkers are a crucial and necessary precondition for precision medicine, yet existing ones are often unspecific and new ones have been very slow to enter the clinic. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics excels by its untargeted nature, specificity of identification and quantification making it an ideal technology for biomarker discovery and routine measurement. It has unique attributes compared to affinity binder technologies, such as OLINK Proximity Extension Assay and SOMAscan. In a previous review we described technological and conceptual limitations that had held back success (Geyer et al., 2017). We proposed a 'rectangular strategy' to better separate true biomarkers by minimizing cohort-specific effects. Today, this has converged with advances in MS-based proteomics technology, such as increased sample throughput, depth of identification and quantification. As a result, biomarker discovery studies have become more successful, producing biomarker candidates that withstand independent verification and, in some cases, already outperform state-of-the-art clinical assays. We summarize developments over the last years, including the benefits of large and independent cohorts, which are necessary for clinical acceptance. They are also required for machine learning or deep learning. Shorter gradients, new scan modes and multiplexing are about to drastically increase throughput, cross-study integration, and quantification, including proxies for absolute levels. We have found that multi-protein panels are inherently more robust than current single analyte tests and better capture the complexity of human phenotypes. Routine MS measurement in the clinic is fast becoming a viable option. The full set of proteins in a body fluid (global proteome) is the most important reference and the best process control. Additionally, it increasingly has all the information that could be obtained from targeted analysis although the latter may be the most straightforward way to enter into regular use. Many challenges remain, not least of a regulatory and ethical nature, but the outlook for MS-based clinical applications has never been brighter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob M Bader
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Vincent Albrecht
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Feng D, Wang Z, Li H, Shi X, Zou L, Kong H, Xu Z, Yu C, Hu C, Xu G. Steroid Profiling for the Diagnosis of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia by Microbore Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 543:117304. [PMID: 36958425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rapid and accurate measurement approach for 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and related steroids in amount/volume-limited clinic samples is of importance for precise newborn diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and its subtypes in clinic. METHODS Sixteen steroids (17-OHP, androstenedione, cortisol, tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol, pregnenolone, progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, 21-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, aldosterone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, dihydrotestosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone) were included in the panel of high-throughput microbore ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were collected from 126 normal subjects and 65 patients including different subtypes of CAH. RESULTS The method was validated with satisfactory analytical performance in linearity, repeatability, recovery and limit of detection. Reference intervals for 16 steroids were established by quantifying the level of steroids detected in normal infants. The applicability of the method was tested by differentiating steroid metabolic characteristics between normal infants and infants with CAH, as well as between infants with different CAH subtypes. The relevance of 17-OHP, 21-deoxycortisol, and 17-OHP/11-deoxycortisol for 21-hydroxylase deficiency screening was demonstrated. The level of 11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, progesterone and androstenedione can be used for the diagnosis of different rare subtypes of CAH. CONCLUSION This study provides a strategy for highly efficient steroid analysis of amount/volume-limited clinic samples and holds great potential for clinical diagnosis of CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disheng Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xianzhe Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Clinical Research Unit, Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Kong
- Hangzhou Hanku Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zhiliang Xu
- Hangzhou Hanku Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chaowen Yu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian 116023, China
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11
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Methods and Advances in the Design, Testing and Development of In Vitro Diagnostic Instruments. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of medical testing and instrumentation engineering technologies, the design, testing and development methods of in vitro diagnostic instruments are developing rapidly. In vitro diagnostic instruments are also gradually developing into a class of typical high-end medical equipment. The design of in vitro diagnostic instruments involves a variety of medical diagnostic methods and biochemical, physical and other related technologies, and its development process involves complex system engineering. This paper systematically organizes and summarizes the design, testing and development methods of in vitro diagnostic instruments and their development in recent years, focusing on summarizing the related technologies and core aspects of the R&D process, and analyzes the development trend of the in vitro diagnostic instrument market.
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12
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Gu H, Dai G, Liu S, Zhai Y, Xu Q, Wu H, Xu W. A compact liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument for the quantitation of immunosuppressants. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Wang Z, Cryar A, Lemke O, Tober-Lau P, Ludwig D, Helbig ET, Hippenstiel S, Sander LE, Blake D, Lane CS, Sayers RL, Mueller C, Zeiser J, Townsend S, Demichev V, Mülleder M, Kurth F, Sirka E, Hartl J, Ralser M. A multiplex protein panel assay for severity prediction and outcome prognosis in patients with COVID-19: An observational multi-cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 49:101495. [PMID: 35702332 PMCID: PMC9181834 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global healthcare systems continue to be challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, and there is a need for clinical assays that can help optimise resource allocation, support treatment decisions, and accelerate the development and evaluation of new therapies. Methods We developed a multiplexed proteomics assay for determining disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19. The assay quantifies up to 50 peptides, derived from 30 known and newly introduced COVID-19-related protein markers, in a single measurement using routine-lab compatible analytical flow rate liquid chromatography and multiple reaction monitoring (LC-MRM). We conducted two observational studies in patients with COVID-19 hospitalised at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany before (from March 1 to 26, 2020, n=30) and after (from April 4 to November 19, 2020, n=164) dexamethasone became standard of care. The study is registered in the German and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00021688). Findings The assay produces reproducible (median inter-batch CV of 10.9%) absolute quantification of 47 peptides with high sensitivity (median LLOQ of 143 ng/ml) and accuracy (median 96.8%). In both studies, the assay reproducibly captured hallmarks of COVID-19 infection and severity, as it distinguished healthy individuals, mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19. In the post-dexamethasone cohort, the assay predicted survival with an accuracy of 0.83 (108/130), and death with an accuracy of 0.76 (26/34) in the median 2.5 weeks before the outcome, thereby outperforming compound clinical risk assessments such as SOFA, APACHE II, and ABCS scores. Interpretation Disease severity and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 can be stratified and predicted by the routine-applicable panel assay that combines known and novel COVID-19 biomarkers. The prognostic value of this assay should be prospectively assessed in larger patient cohorts for future support of clinical decisions, including evaluation of sample flow in routine setting. The possibility to objectively classify COVID-19 severity can be helpful for monitoring of novel therapies, especially in early clinical trials. Funding This research was funded in part by the European Research Council (ERC) under grant agreement ERC-SyG-2020 951475 (to M.R) and by the Wellcome Trust (IA 200829/Z/16/Z to M.R.). The work was further supported by the Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the National Research Node 'Mass Spectrometry in Systems Medicine (MSCoresys)', under grant agreements 031L0220 and 161L0221. J.H. was supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) Postdoc Mobility fellowship (project number 191052). This study was further supported by the BMBF grant NaFoUniMedCOVID-19 - NUM-NAPKON, FKZ: 01KX2021. The study was co-funded by the UK's innovation agency, Innovate UK, under project numbers 75594 and 56328.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adam Cryar
- Inoviv, Mappin House, 4 Winsley St, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Lemke
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pinkus Tober-Lau
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Ludwig
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Theresa Helbig
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif-Erik Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christoph Mueller
- Agilent Technologies Sales & Services GmbH & Co. KG, Waldbronn, Germany
| | - Johannes Zeiser
- Agilent Technologies Sales & Services GmbH & Co. KG, Waldbronn, Germany
| | - StJohn Townsend
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vadim Demichev
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Core Facility – High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, and Department of Medicine I, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ernestas Sirka
- Inoviv, Mappin House, 4 Winsley St, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Hartl
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Am Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- The Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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14
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Wu J, Huang S, Tan L, Li Y, Wu X, Liang Y. Detection of Dengue Fever Nonstructural Protein 1 Antigen by Proteolytic Peptide Imprinting Technology and UHPLC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14106-14112. [PMID: 34657416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever is caused by mosquito-transmitted dengue virus infection and continues to increase worldwide, threatening public health in tropical and subtropical regions. The primary difficulties in preventing a reduction of the medical burden of dengue fever lies in the lack of effective mosquito control, preventive dengue vaccines, and clinically effective antiviral drugs to treat dengue infections. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial for proper patient care and effective control of epidemics. The present work proposes an alternative strategy for detecting the dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen in clinical serum samples by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in combination with the molecularly imprinted polymers. Rather than the whole protein, the NS1 signature peptide is selected as a template for molecular imprinting and quantified as a stoichiometric readout of NS1. Three functional monomers with hydrophobic, positively charged, and negatively charged groups were synthesized by click reactions in terms of the signature peptide. These three functional monomers provide abundant recognition sites for the peptide, allowing the peptide template to be effectively imprinted during polymerization. The imprinting conditions were optimized, and the molecularly imprinted polymers were characterized and used for enriching the signature peptide from digested serum samples by solid-phase extraction and then detected by UHPLC-MS/MS. The proposed method is used to detect the dengue virus NS1 in clinical samples and holds significant promise for early confirmation of dengue virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Wu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, China.,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Shuyi Huang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Yuling Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Xiaotong Wu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Yong Liang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, China
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15
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Comparison of analyte identification criteria and other aspects in triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry: Case study using UHPLC-MS/MS for regulatory analysis of veterinary drug residues in liquid and powdered eggs. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:287-302. [PMID: 33963436 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is one of the most powerful tools for the multiclass, multiresidue analysis of veterinary drugs, pesticides, mycotoxins, and other chemical contaminants in foods and other sample types. Until approximately 2010, commercial MS/MS instruments using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were generally limited to minimum dwell (and inter-dwell) times of 10 ms per ion transition. To achieve the needed accuracy and detection limits for hundreds of targeted analytes, older UHPLC-MS/MS methods typically acquired only two ion transitions per analyte (yielding only one ion ratio for qualitative identification purposes), which is still the norm despite technological advancements. Newer instruments permit as little as 1 ms (inter-)dwell times to afford monitoring of more MRMs/analyte with minimal sacrifices in accuracy and sensitivity. In this study, quantification and identification were assessed in the validation of 169 veterinary drugs in liquid and powdered eggs. Quantitatively, an "extract-and-inject" sample preparation method yielded acceptable 70-120% recoveries and < 25% RSD for 139-141 (82-83%) of the 169 diverse drug analytes spiked into powdered and liquid eggs, respectively, at three levels of regulatory interest. Qualitatively, rates of false positives and negatives were compared when applying three different regulatory identification criteria in which two or three MRMs/drug were used in each case. Independent of the identification criteria, rates of false positives remained <10% for 95-99% of the drugs whether 2 or 3 ions were monitored, but the percent of drugs with >10% false negatives decreased from 25-45 to 10-12% when using 2 vs. 3 MRMs/analyte, respectively. Use of a concentration threshold at 10% of the regulatory level as an identification criterion was also very useful to reduce rates of false positives independent of ion ratios. Based on these results, monitoring >2 ion transitions per analyte is advised when using MS/MS for analysis, independent of SANTE/12682/2019, FDA/USDA, or 2002/657/EC identification criteria. (Quant)identification results using all three criteria were similar, but the SANTE criteria were advantageous in their greater simplicity and practical ease of use.
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16
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Shrestha R, Chen Z, Gao Z, Chen Y, Okada E, Ukawa S, Nakagawa T, Nakamura K, Tamakoshi A, Chiba H, Hui SP. HPLC with spectrophotometric or mass spectrometric detection for quantifying very-long chain fatty acids in human plasma and its association with cardiac risk factors. Ann Clin Biochem 2021; 58:400-410. [PMID: 33730871 DOI: 10.1177/00045632211007157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We developed and compared two liquid chromatography methods, one with UV/Visible spectrophotometric detection (HPLC) and the other with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS), for quantifying very-long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in human plasma. Association of VLCFA with various cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated. METHOD Fasting blood samples were collected from 541 human volunteers (242 men and 299 women; mean age ±SD, 58.9 ± 12.4 years), including 429 and 112 individuals with and without hypertriglyceridemia, respectively. Esterified VLCFA were saponified and derivatized with 2-nitrophenylhydrazine. Separation of VLCFA species was achieved with C4 Mightysil column (HPLC) and Ascentis Express Phenyl-Hexyl column (LC-MS) followed by spectrophotometric and selected-reaction monitoring mode of mass spectrometric detection, respectively. RESULTS The HPLC assay of VLCFA was precise with intra-assay imprecision of 2.5% to 6.9% and inter-assay imprecision of 3.2% to 9.5%. Moreover, there was an excellent correlation (r > 0.96) between HPLC and LC-MS methods. The 95 percentile reference intervals (RI; upper limit) of VLCFA were determined to be 41.3 µmol/L in healthy volunteers. Plasma VLCFA were significantly correlated with triglycerides (Spearman's ρ = 0.306, P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (Spearman's ρ = 0.251, P < 0.001). All species of VLCFA were significantly elevated in hypertriglyceridaemic individuals compared with control. CONCLUSION We established LC-based assays of VLCFA with either spectrophotometry or mass spectrometry as a detection system. Hypertriglyceridaemia is significantly associated with elevated concentration of each species of VLCFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojeet Shrestha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Zhen Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Zijun Gao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yifan Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Emiko Okada
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ukawa
- Research Unit of Advanced Interdisciplinary Care Science, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Koshi Nakamura
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Thorsteinsdóttir UA, Thorsteinsdóttir M. Design of experiments for development and optimization of a liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4727. [PMID: 33860573 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Design of experiments (DoE) is a valuable tool for the optimization of quantitative bioanalytical methods utilizing liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is composed of several processes, including, liquid introduction and analyte ionization. The goal is to transfer analytes from atmospheric pressure to vacuum and maintain conditions that are compatible for both LC and MS. These processes involve many experimental factors which need to be simultaneously optimized to obtain maximum sensitivity and resolution at minimum retention time. In this tutorial, the basic concepts of DoE will be explained with focus on practical use of DoE. Three case studies optimized with DoE for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) quantitative assays will then be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unnur Arna Thorsteinsdóttir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- ArcticMass ehf., Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Margrét Thorsteinsdóttir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- ArcticMass ehf., Reykjavík, Iceland
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18
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After another decade: LC-MS/MS became routine in clinical diagnostics. Clin Biochem 2020; 82:2-11. [PMID: 32188572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry - especially in combination with liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS) - is applied in a multitude of important diagnostic niches of laboratory medicine. It is unquestioned in its routine use and is often unreplaceable by alternative technologies. This overview illustrates the development in the past decade (2009-2019) and intends to provide insight into the current standing and future directions of the field. The instrumentation matured significantly, the applications are well understood, and the in vitro diagnostics (IVD) industry is shaping the market by providing assay kits, certified instruments, and the first laboratory automated LC-MS/MS instruments as an analytical core. In many settings the application of LC-MS/MS is still burdensome with locally lab developed test (LDT) designs relying on highly specialized staff. The current routine applications cover a wide range of analytes in therapeutic drug monitoring, endocrinology including newborn screening, and toxicology. The tasks that remain to be mastered are, for example, the quantification of proteins by means of LC-MS/MS and the transition from targeted to untargeted omics approaches relying on pattern recognition/pattern discrimination as a key technology for the establishment of diagnostic decisions.
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