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Ning J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu C, Cheng Y, Zhu M, Dong M, Yang X, Lv Y. Exploring the cortical habituation in migraine patients based on contingent negative variation. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1226554. [PMID: 37719755 PMCID: PMC10502328 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1226554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive dysfunction has frequently been found in patients with migraine. The so-called contingent negative variation (CNV) and EEG power spectral densities may be the best choices to explore the underlining pathophysiology, such as cortical inhibition and habituation. Methods Thirty migraine patients without aura and healthy controls matched for sex, age, and education were recruited separately for CNV recording. The amplitudes, latencies, and squares of different CNV components, such as oCNV, iCNV, tCNV, and PINV, were selected and analyzed. Behavioral data, such as manual reaction time (RT), were analyzed. We used the Person correlation coefficient R to analyze different ERP components in relation to clinical characteristics. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for the migraine group. Spectral analysis of EEG data from all channels using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Results The migraine group had longer A-latency, C-latency, and iCNV-latency than the control group. The migraine group had higher iCNV-amplitude, oCNV-amplitude, and tCNV-amplitude than the control group, especially those located in the occipital area. The iCNV-square, oCNV-square, tCNV-square, or PINV-square in the migraine group was significantly larger than the control group. Different correlations were found between clinical characteristics and ERP components. The delta or theta activity in the migraine group was statistically lower than in the control group. Discussion Our study has revealed that migraine attacks may influence responsivity, pre-activation, habituation, and cortical inhibition not only on the behavioral level but also on the electrophysiological level. Abnormal changes in cortical habituation and inhibition can be interpreted as CNV components. Additionally, analyses have revealed correlations between CNV components and various factors, including age, the clinical course of the condition, attack frequency, pain intensity, and duration. Thus, repetitive migraine attacks can lead to a reduction in cortical inhibition and subsequent impairment in executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Ning
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center on Aging Psychology, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Computer Science College, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yudan Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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2
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Breitinger E, Dundon NM, Pokorny L, Wunram HL, Roessner V, Bender S. Contingent negative variation to tactile stimuli - differences in anticipatory and preparatory processes between participants with and without blindness. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:7582-7594. [PMID: 36977633 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
People who are blind demonstrate remarkable abilities within the spared senses and compensatory enhancement of cognitive skills, underscored by substantial plastic reorganization in relevant neural areas. However, little is known about whether people with blindness form top-down models of the world on short timescales more efficiently to guide goal-oriented behavior. This electroencephalography study investigates this hypothesis at the neurophysiological level, focusing on contingent negative variation (CNV) as a marker of anticipatory and preparatory processes prior to expected events. In sum, 20 participants with blindness and 27 sighted participants completed a classic CNV task and a memory CNV task, both containing tactile stimuli to exploit the expertise of the former group. Although the reaction times in the classic CNV task did not differ between groups, participants who are blind reached higher performance rates in the memory task. This superior performance co-occurred with a distinct neurophysiological profile, relative to controls: greater late CNV amplitudes over central areas, suggesting enhanced stimulus expectancy and motor preparation prior to key events. Controls, in contrast, recruited more frontal sites, consistent with inefficient sensory-aligned control. We conclude that in more demanding cognitive contexts exploiting the spared senses, people with blindness efficiently generate task-relevant internal models to facilitate behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Breitinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Neil M Dundon
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Lena Pokorny
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Heidrun L Wunram
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Germany
| | - Stephan Bender
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
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3
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Syrov N, Yakovlev L, Miroshnikov A, Kaplan A. Beyond passive observation: feedback anticipation and observation activate the mirror system in virtual finger movement control via P300-BCI. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1180056. [PMID: 37213933 PMCID: PMC10192585 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1180056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Action observation (AO) is widely used as a post-stroke therapy to activate sensorimotor circuits through the mirror neuron system. However, passive observation is often considered to be less effective and less interactive than goal-directed movement observation, leading to the suggestion that observation of goal-directed actions may have stronger therapeutic potential, as goal-directed AO has been shown to activate mechanisms for monitoring action errors. Some studies have also suggested the use of AO as a form of Brain-computer interface (BCI) feedback. In this study, we investigated the potential for observation of virtual hand movements within a P300-based BCI as a feedback system to activate the mirror neuron system. We also explored the role of feedback anticipation and estimation mechanisms during movement observation. Twenty healthy subjects participated in the study. We analyzed event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/S) of sensorimotor EEG rhythms and Error-related potentials (ErrPs) during observation of virtual hand finger flexion presented as feedback in the P300-BCI loop and compared the dynamics of ERD/S and ErrPs during observation of correct feedback and errors. We also analyzed these EEG markers during passive AO under two conditions: when subjects anticipated the action demonstration and when the action was unexpected. A pre-action mu-ERD was found both before passive AO and during action anticipation within the BCI loop. Furthermore, a significant increase in beta-ERS was found during AO within incorrect BCI feedback trials. We suggest that the BCI feedback may exaggerate the passive-AO effect, as it engages feedback anticipation and estimation mechanisms as well as movement error monitoring simultaneously. The results of this study provide insights into the potential of P300-BCI with AO-feedback as a tool for neurorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Syrov
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Baltic Center for Neurotechnology and Artificial Intelligence, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
- *Correspondence: Nikolay Syrov,
| | - Lev Yakovlev
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Baltic Center for Neurotechnology and Artificial Intelligence, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Andrei Miroshnikov
- Baltic Center for Neurotechnology and Artificial Intelligence, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Alexander Kaplan
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Baltic Center for Neurotechnology and Artificial Intelligence, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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4
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Studenova AA, Villringer A, Nikulin VV. Non-zero mean alpha oscillations revealed with computational model and empirical data. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010272. [PMID: 35802619 PMCID: PMC9269450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing oscillations and evoked responses are two main types of neuronal activity obtained with diverse electrophysiological recordings (EEG/MEG/iEEG/LFP). Although typically studied separately, they might in fact be closely related. One possibility to unite them is to demonstrate that neuronal oscillations have non-zero mean which predicts that stimulus- or task-triggered amplitude modulation of oscillations can contribute to the generation of evoked responses. We validated this mechanism using computational modelling and analysis of a large EEG data set. With a biophysical model, we indeed demonstrated that intracellular currents in the neuron are asymmetric and, consequently, the mean of alpha oscillations is non-zero. To understand the effect that neuronal currents exert on oscillatory mean, we varied several biophysical and morphological properties of neurons in the network, such as voltage-gated channel densities, length of dendrites, and intensity of incoming stimuli. For a very large range of model parameters, we observed evidence for non-zero mean of oscillations. Complimentary, we analysed empirical rest EEG recordings of 90 participants (50 young, 40 elderly) and, with spatio-spectral decomposition, detected at least one spatially-filtred oscillatory component of non-zero mean alpha oscillations in 93% of participants. In order to explain a complex relationship between the dynamics of amplitude-envelope and corresponding baseline shifts, we performed additional simulations with simple oscillators coupled with different time delays. We demonstrated that the extent of spatial synchronisation may obscure macroscopic estimation of alpha rhythm modulation while leaving baseline shifts unchanged. Overall, our results predict that amplitude modulation of neural oscillations should at least partially explain the generation of evoked responses. Therefore, inference about changes in evoked responses with respect to cognitive conditions, age or neuropathologies should be constructed while taking into account oscillatory neuronal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina A. Studenova
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vadim V. Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Neurophysics Group, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Breitinger E, Pokorny L, Biermann L, Jarczok TA, Dundon NM, Roessner V, Bender S. What makes somatosensory short-term memory maintenance effective? An EEG study comparing contralateral delay activity between sighted participants and participants who are blind. Neuroimage 2022; 259:119407. [PMID: 35752414 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory short-term memory is essential for object recognition, sensorimotor learning, and, especially, Braille reading for people who are blind. This study examined how visual sensory deprivation and a compensatory focus on somatosensory information influences memory processes in this domain. We measured slow cortical negativity developing during short-term tactile memory maintenance (tactile contralateral delay activity, tCDA) in frontal and somatosensory areas while a sample of 24 sighted participants and 22 participants who are blind completed a tactile change-detection task where varying loads of Braille pin patterns served as stimuli. Auditory cues, appearing at varying latencies between sample arrays, could be used to reduce memory demands during maintenance. Participants who are blind (trained Braille readers) outperformed sighted participants behaviorally. In addition, while task-related frontal activation featured in both groups, participants who are blind uniquely showed higher tCDA amplitudes specifically over somatosensory areas. The site specificity of this component's functional relevance in short-term memory maintenance was further supported by somatosensory tCDA amplitudes first correlating across the whole sample with behavioral performance, and secondly showing sensitivity to varying memory load. The results substantiate sensory recruitment models and provide new insights into the effects of visual sensory deprivation on tactile processing. Between-group differences in the interplay between frontal and somatosensory areas during somatosensory maintenance also suggest that efficient maintenance of complex tactile stimuli in short-term memory is primarily facilitated by lateralized activity in somatosensory cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Breitinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany.
| | - Lena Pokorny
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Lea Biermann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Tomasz Antoni Jarczok
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, KJF Klinik Josefinum, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Neil M Dundon
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Germany
| | - Stephan Bender
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
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6
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Goudman L, Daenen L, Mouraux A, Nijs J, Cras P, Roussel N, Moens M, Coppieters I, Huysmans E, De Kooning M. Processing of Laser-Evoked Potentials in Patients with Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Healthy Controls: A Case-Control Study. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 21:2553-2563. [PMID: 32289826 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) are among the reliable neurophysiological tools to investigate patients with neuropathic pain, as they can provide an objective account of the functional status of thermo-nociceptive pathways. The goal of this study was to explore the functioning of the nociceptive afferent pathways by examining LEPs in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (cWAD), patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and healthy controls (HCs). DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING A single medical center in Belgium. SUBJECTS The LEPs of 21 patients with cWAD, 19 patients with CFS, and 18 HCs were analyzed in this study. METHODS All participants received brief nociceptive CO2 laser stimuli applied to the dorsum of the left hand and left foot while brain activity was recorded with a 32-channel electroencephalogram (EEG). LEP signals and transient power modulations were compared between patient groups and HCs. RESULTS No between-group differences were found for stimulus intensity, which was supraliminal for Aδ fibers. The amplitudes and latencies of LEP wave components N1, N2, and P2 in patients with cWAD and CFS were statistically similar to those of HCs. There were no significant differences between the time-frequency maps of EEG oscillation amplitude between HCs and both patient populations. CONCLUSIONS EEG responses of heat-sensitive Aδ fibers in patients with cWAD and CFS revealed no significant differences from the responses of HCs. These findings thus do not support a state of generalized central nervous system hyperexcitability in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Goudman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Pain in Motion International Research Group.,Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Daenen
- Pain in Motion International Research Group.,Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Knowledge, Information and Research Center (KIR), Group Idewe, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Andre Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion International Research Group.,Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Cras
- Laboratory of Neurology, Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Roussel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus, Drie Eiken, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Maarten Moens
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Coppieters
- Pain in Motion International Research Group.,Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eva Huysmans
- Pain in Motion International Research Group.,Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Public Health (GEWE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot De Kooning
- Pain in Motion International Research Group.,Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Lee WT, Kang MS. Electrophysiological Evidence for Distinct Proactive Control Mechanisms in a Stop-Signal Task: An Individual Differences Approach. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1105. [PMID: 32536895 PMCID: PMC7267675 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proactive control reflects a sustained, top-down maintenance of a goal representation prior to task-related events, whereas reactive control reflects a transient, bottom-up goal reactivation in response to them. We designed a manual stop-signal task to isolate electrophysiological signals specifically involved in proactive control. Participants performed a simple choice reaction time task but had to withhold their response to an infrequent stop signal, resulting in go- and stop-signal trials. We manipulated the stop-signal probability (30% vs. 10%) over different blocks of trials so that different proactive control levels were sustained within each block. The behavioral results indicated that most participants proactively changed their behaviors. The reaction times in the go trials increased and the number of response errors in the stop-signal trials decreased. However, those two behavioral measures did not correlate: individuals with an increased delayed reaction did not necessarily manifest a higher decrease in response errors in the stop-signal trials. To isolate the proactive control signal, we obtained event-related potentials (ERPs) locked to an uninformative fixation onset and compared the signals between the two stop-signal probability conditions. We found that the ERPs at the left hemisphere were more negatively shifted with the increasing stop-signal probability. Moreover, ERP differences obtained from a set of electrodes in the left hemisphere accounted for the changes in response errors in the stop-signal trials but did not explain the changes in reaction times of the go trials. Together, the behavioral and electrophysiological results suggest that proactive control mechanisms reducing erroneous responses of the stop-signal trials are different from mechanisms slowing reaction times of the go trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Tek Lee
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Suk Kang
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Neuroscience and Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
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Does Motor Cortex Engagement During Movement Preparation Differentially Inhibit Nociceptive Processing in Patients with Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Healthy Controls? An Experimental Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051520. [PMID: 32443565 PMCID: PMC7290436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and chronic whiplash associated disorders (cWAD) present a reduced ability to activate central descending nociceptive inhibition after exercise, compared to measurements before exercise. It was hypothesised that a dysfunctional motor-induced inhibition of nociception partly explains this dysfunctional exercise-induced hypoalgesia. This study investigates if engagement of the motor system during movement preparation inhibits nociception-evoked brain responses in these patients as compared to healthy controls (HC). METHODS The experiment used laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) during three conditions (no task, mental task, movement preparation) while recording brain activity with a 32-channel electroencephalogram in 21 patients with cWAD, 20 patients with CFS and 18 HC. Two-factor mixed design Analysis of variance were used to evaluate differences in LEP amplitudes and latencies. RESULTS No differences in N1, N2, N2P2, and P2 LEP amplitudes were found between the HC, CFS, and cWAD groups. After nociceptive stimulation, N1, N2 (only at hand location), N2P2, and P2 LEP amplitudes significantly decreased during movement preparation compared to no task (within group differences). CONCLUSION Movement preparation induces a similar attenuation of LEPs in patients with CFS, patients with cWAD and HC. These findings do not support reduced motor-induced nociceptive inhibition in these patients.
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9
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de Tommaso M, Betti V, Bocci T, Bolognini N, Di Russo F, Fattapposta F, Ferri R, Invitto S, Koch G, Miniussi C, Piccione F, Ragazzoni A, Sartucci F, Rossi S, Arcara G, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Delussi M, Gentile E, Giovannelli F, Mannarelli D, Marino M, Mussini E, Pauletti C, Pellicciari MC, Pisoni A, Raggi A, Valeriani M. Pearls and pitfalls in brain functional analysis by event-related potentials: a narrative review by the Italian Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience Society on methodological limits and clinical reliability-part I. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2711-2735. [PMID: 32388645 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) are obtained from the electroencephalogram (EEG) or the magnetoencephalogram (MEG, event-related fields (ERF)), extracting the activity that is time-locked to an event. Despite the potential utility of ERP/ERF in cognitive domain, the clinical standardization of their use is presently undefined for most of procedures. The aim of the present review is to establish limits and reliability of ERP medical application, summarize main methodological issues, and present evidence of clinical application and future improvement. The present section of the review focuses on well-standardized ERP methods, including P300, Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), Mismatch Negativity (MMN), and N400, with a chapter dedicated to laser-evoked potentials (LEPs). One section is dedicated to proactive preparatory brain activity as the Bereitschaftspotential and the prefrontal negativity (BP and pN). The P300 and the MMN potentials have a limited but recognized role in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment and consciousness disorders. LEPs have a well-documented usefulness in the diagnosis of neuropathic pain, with low application in clinical assessment of psychophysiological basis of pain. The other ERP components mentioned here, though largely applied in normal and pathological cases and well standardized, are still confined to the research field. CNV, BP, and pN deserve to be largely tested in movement disorders, just to explain possible functional changes in motor preparation circuits subtending different clinical pictures and responses to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Tommaso
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Viviana Betti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bocci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Bolognini
- Department of Psychology & NeuroMi, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Invitto
- INSPIRE - Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Piccione
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Aldo Ragazzoni
- Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Fondazione PAS, Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Sartucci
- Section of Neurophysiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (SI-BIN Lab), University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Delussi
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gentile
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Giovannelli
- Section of Psychology - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Mannarelli
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Marino
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Elena Mussini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Pauletti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Pisoni
- Department of Psychology & NeuroMi, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Raggi
- Unit of Neurology, G.B. Morgagni - L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Neurology Ward Unit, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy. .,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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10
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Özkan DG, Pezzetta R, Moreau Q, Abreu AM, Aglioti SM. Predicting the fate of basketball throws: an EEG study on expert action prediction in wheelchair basketball players. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:3363-3373. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Jarczok TA, Haase R, Bluschke A, Thiemann U, Bender S. Bereitschaftspotential and lateralized readiness potential in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: altered motor system activation and effects of methylphenidate. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:960-970. [PMID: 31280897 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to abnormal functioning of cortical motor areas such as the supplementary motor area, the premotor cortex and primary motor cortex (MI). The Bereitschaftspotential (BP) and lateralized readiness potential (LRP) are movement-related potentials generated by cortical motor areas. We hypothesized that the BP and LRP would be altered in children with ADHD. A group of 17 children with ADHD (mean age: 11.5 ± 1.9 years) and a control group of 16 typically developing children (mean age: 12.2 ± 2.0 years) performed movements at self-chosen irregular intervals while a 64-channel DC-EEG was registered. BP and LRP were calculated from the EEG. The ADHD group had significantly lower and on average positive BP amplitudes at Cz. In agreement with age-dependent maturation effects the LRP had a positive polarity in both groups, but lower amplitudes were found in the ADHD group without medication. The control group showed a mid-central negativity and a positivity over motor areas contra-lateral to the side of movement, whereas no negativity over Cz and a more diffuse positivity was found in the ADHD group. LRP group differences diminished after MPH administration as indicated by an interaction between group and time of measurement/medication. The cortical motor system shows altered functioning during movement preparation and initiation in children affected by ADHD. Positive Bereitschaftspotential polarities may represent delayed cortical maturation. Group differences of LRP were pharmacologically modulated by the catecholaminergic agent MPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz A Jarczok
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Robert Haase
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Bluschke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulf Thiemann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Bender
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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12
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Taylor BK, Gavin WJ, Grimm KJ, Prince MA, Lin MH, Davies PL. Towards a unified model of event-related potentials as phases of stimulus-to-response processing. Neuropsychologia 2019; 132:107128. [PMID: 31229538 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the utility of combining principles of connectionist theory with a sophisticated statistical approach, structural equation modeling (SEM), to better understand brain-behavior relationships in studies using event-related potentials (ERPs). The models show how sequential phases of neural processing measured by averaged ERP waveform components can successfully predict task behavior (response time; RT) while accounting for individual differences in maturation and sex. The models assume that all ERP measures are affected by individual differences in physical and mental state that inflate measurement error. ERP data were collected from 154 neurotypical children (7-13 years, M = 10.22, SD = 1.48; 74 males) performing a cued Go/No-Go task during two separate sessions. Using SEM, we show a latent variable path model with good fit (e.g., χ2(51) = 56.20, p = .25; RMSEA = .03; CFI = .99; SRMR = .06) yielding moderate-to-large predictive coefficients from N1 through the E-wave latent variables (N1 β = -.29 → P2 β = -.44 → N2 β = .28 → P3 β =.64→ E-wave), which in turn significantly predicted RT (β =.34, p = .02). Age significantly related to N1 and P3 latent variables as well as RT (β =.31, -.58, & -.40 respectively), and Sex significantly related to the E-wave latent variable and RT (β =.36 & 0.21 respectively). Additionally, the final model suggested that individual differences in emotional and physical state accounted for a significant proportion of variance in ERP measurements, and that individual states systematically varied across sessions (i.e., the variance was not just random noise). These findings suggest that modeling ERPs as a system of inter-related processes may be a more informative approach to examining brain-behavior relationships in neurotypical and clinical groups than traditional analysis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany K Taylor
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
| | - William J Gavin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Neurosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
| | - Kevin J Grimm
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.
| | - Mark A Prince
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
| | - Mei-Heng Lin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
| | - Patricia L Davies
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Neurosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
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13
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Ludyga S, Mücke M, Kamijo K, Andrä C, Pühse U, Gerber M, Herrmann C. The Role of Motor Competences in Predicting Working Memory Maintenance and Preparatory Processing. Child Dev 2019; 91:799-813. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Lasaponara S, Glicksohn J, Mauro F, Ben-Soussan TD. Contingent negative variation and P3 modulations following mindful movement training. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 244:101-114. [PMID: 30732833 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the study of the electrophysiological correlates of attention, a phasic change in alertness has been classically related to a negative frontal-central shift called Contingent Negative Variation (CNV). Studies investigating the effects of meditation on the CNV in participants reporting frequent transcendental experiences (TE) reported reduced CNV in choice reaction time task (CRT), and increased CNV in simple reaction time task (SRT), suggesting that meditation can induce a more balanced attentional state. In the current study, we tested whether a similar effect could be obtained in healthy non-meditators using a single session of a specifically structured sensorimotor training (Quadrato Motor Training-QMT). In addition, in contrast to previous studies, we further examined the P3 component, reflecting cognitive load and novelty detection. We found that similar to previous studies, following a QMT session, CNV amplitude reduced in CRT and increased in SRT. Conversely, the P3 amplitude increased in CRT and decreased in SRT. Taken together, these results support the idea that QMT has attentional benefits in normal healthy participants, similar to those observed in experienced meditators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lasaponara
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy; Department of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università LUMSA, Roma, Italy
| | - Joseph Glicksohn
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Federica Mauro
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy; Department of Psychology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy.
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15
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Chen L, Mao Y, Ding M, Li L, Leng Y, Zhao J, Xu Z, Huang DF, Lo WLA. Assessing the Relationship Between Motor Anticipation and Cortical Excitability in Subacute Stroke Patients With Movement-Related Potentials. Front Neurol 2018; 9:881. [PMID: 30386292 PMCID: PMC6199379 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke survivors may lack the cognitive ability to anticipate the required control for palmar grasp execution. The cortical mechanisms involved in motor anticipation of palmar grasp movement and its association with post-stroke hand function remains unknown. Aims: To investigate the cognitive anticipation process during a palmar grasp task in subacute stroke survivors and to compare with healthy individuals. The association between cortical excitability and hand function was also explored. Methods: Twenty-five participants with hemiparesis within 1-6 months after first unilateral stroke were recruited. Twenty-five matched healthy individuals were recruited as control. Contingent negative variation (CNV) was measured using electroencephalography recordings (EEG). Event related potentials were elicited by cue triggered hand movement paradigm. CNV onset time and amplitude between pre-cue and before movement execution were recorded. Results: The differences in CNV onset time and peak amplitude were statistically significant between the subacute stroke and control groups, with patients showing earlier onset time with increased amplitudes. However, there was no statistically significant difference in CNV onset time and peak amplitude between lesioned and non-lesioned hemisphere in the subacute stroke group. Low to moderate linear associations were observed between cortical excitability and hand function. Conclusions: The earlier CNV onset time and higher peak amplitude observed in the subacute stroke group suggest increased brain computational demand during palmar grasp task. The lack of difference in CNV amplitude between the lesioned and non-lesioned hemisphere within the subacute stroke group may suggest that the non-lesioned hemisphere plays a role in the motor anticipatory process. The moderate correlations suggested that hand function may be associated with cortical processing of motor anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Secondary Medical College, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Mao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Leng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangli Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqin Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Feng Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Leung Ambrose Lo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Taylor BK, Gavin WJ, Grimm KJ, Passantino DE, Davies PL. Modeling the interrelationships between brain activity and trait attention measures to predict individual differences in reaction times in children during a Go/No-Go task. Neuropsychologia 2017; 109:222-231. [PMID: 29253492 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Many researchers are utilizing event-related potentials (ERPs) to better understand brain-behavior relationships across development. The present study demonstrates how structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques can be used to refine descriptions of brain-behavior relationships in a sample of neurotypical children. We developed an exploratory latent variable model in which trait measures of maturation and attention are related to neural processing and task behaviors obtained during a cued Go/No-Go task. Model findings are compared to results of traditional analysis techniques such as bivariate correlations. The data suggest that more sophisticated statistical approaches are beneficial to accurately interpreting the nature of brain-behavior relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany K Taylor
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - William J Gavin
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America.
| | - Kevin J Grimm
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America
| | | | - Patricia L Davies
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
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17
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Frömer R, Stürmer B, Sommer W. (Don't) Mind the effort: Effects of contextual interference on ERP indicators of motor preparation. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:1577-86. [PMID: 27383866 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Motor learning is associated with a decrease in frontal control-related brain activity and increase of central and parietal motor-related activity. Contextual interference (CI), manipulated typically by blocked versus randomized training schedules, affects motor learning, resulting in inferior performance during training but in superior performance during retention and transfer. The CI effect is often explained by increased processing demands under high CI training. Consistently, in the motor preparation phase, the activity of control- and attention-related brain areas is increased under high CI. Here, we investigated the effect of CI on learning-related changes in ERPs during motor preparation. Participants learned throwing at virtual targets and were tested for retention in the target condition 1 week later. The frontal P3 component decreased with learning during the first session and across sessions. In addition, there was a trend for a stronger reduction of P3 during retention after high CI training. Both initial and late contingent negative variation (iCNV and lCNV) amplitudes decreased with learning and showed a significantly stronger reduction under high CI. We conclude that CI modulates the interplay of cognitive and motor processes in the preparatory phase of motor learning and that a stronger involvement of cognitive processes during high CI training accounts for differential effects of CI on ERP indicators of motor preparation during retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Frömer
- Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Birgit Stürmer
- Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Sommer
- Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Taylor BK, Gavin WJ, Davies PL. The Test-Retest Reliability of the Visually Evoked Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) in Children and Adults. Dev Neuropsychol 2016; 41:162-75. [PMID: 27145115 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2016.1170835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Establishing the reliability of event-related potentials is critical for future applications to biomarker development and clinical research. Few studies have examined the reliability of the contingent negative variation (CNV), and only in adults. The current study explored test-retest reliability of the visually evoked CNV and its embedded components, the O-wave and the E-wave, in children (7-13 years) and young adults (19-28 years) during a visual Go/No-Go task over 1-2 weeks. Test-retest reliability of the components was moderate for children, and low-to-moderate for adults. These findings were in contrast to previous work with adults showing moderate-to-high reliability of the auditory-evoked CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany K Taylor
- a Department of Human Development and Family Studies , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado
| | - William J Gavin
- a Department of Human Development and Family Studies , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado
| | - Patricia L Davies
- b Department of Occupational Therapy , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado
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19
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Hecht M, Thiemann U, Freitag CM, Bender S. Time-resolved neuroimaging of visual short term memory consolidation by post-perceptual attention shifts. Neuroimage 2016; 125:964-977. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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20
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Kononowicz TW, Sander T, van Rijn H. Neuroelectromagnetic signatures of the reproduction of supra-second durations. Neuropsychologia 2015; 75:201-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Vanhoutte S, Santens P, Cosyns M, van Mierlo P, Batens K, Corthals P, De Letter M, Van Borsel J. Increased motor preparation activity during fluent single word production in DS: A correlate for stuttering frequency and severity. Neuropsychologia 2015; 75:1-10. [PMID: 26004061 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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No deficit in neurocortical information processing in patients with cleft lip and palate. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:23-30. [PMID: 25832360 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleft lip and palate (CLP) represents the most common malformation of the midfacial region worldwide. It can be suggested that the facial stigmatization, the speech impediment, and the long-standing pressure of treatment cause a range of life stressors. Neurocortical information is influenced by physiological and psychological factors and varies significantly in patients suffering from chronic stress, anxiety, depression, or other psychopathological conditions following maladaptation. The aims of the present study were to investigate the neurocortical information processing of patients with CLP using the contingent negative variation (CNV) paradigm and to evaluate secondary psychopathology, anxiety, and depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five adults with CLP and 25 healthy volunteers, matched in age and gender, were investigated using recordings of the CNV. Initial CNV (iCNV), late CNV (lCNV), and total CNV (tCNV) as well as habituation slope of the iCNV were determined in each subject. Additionally, each participant had to complete the hospital anxiety and depression questionnaire (HADS) and the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R). RESULTS Individuals with CLP did not differ significantly from healthy subjects according to any of the CNV parameters investigated. No correlations could be revealed between the measured items and the confounding factors age and gender. Additionally, there were no differences between the groups regarding depression and SCL-90-R; however, anxiety showed significant group differences on a subclinical level. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that subjects with CLP show normal neurocortical information processing. It seems likely that CLP and its treatment have no impact on psychosocial functioning and neurophysiological mechanisms of attention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The specific living conditions of patients with CLP do not result in disease-specific neurophysiological changes.
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Vanhoutte S, Van Borsel J, Cosyns M, Batens K, van Mierlo P, Hemelsoet D, Van Roost D, Corthals P, De Letter M, Santens P. CNV amplitude as a neural correlate for stuttering frequency: A case report of acquired stuttering. Neuropsychologia 2014; 64:349-59. [PMID: 25281310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A neural hallmark of developmental stuttering is abnormal articulatory programming. One of the neurophysiological substrates of articulatory preparation is the contingent negative variation (CNV). Unfortunately, CNV tasks are rarely performed in persons who stutter and mainly focus on the effect of task variation rather than on interindividual variation in stutter related variables. However, variations in motor programming seem to be related to variation in stuttering frequency. The current study presents a case report of acquired stuttering following stroke and stroke related surgery in the left superior temporal gyrus. A speech related CNV task was administered at four points in time with differences in stuttering severity and frequency. Unexpectedly, CNV amplitudes at electrode sites approximating bilateral motor and left inferior frontal gyrus appeared to be inversely proportional to stuttering frequency. The higher the stuttering frequency, the lower the activity for articulatory preparation. Thus, the amount of disturbance in motor programming seems to determine stuttering frequency. At right frontal electrodes, a relative increase in CNV amplitude was seen at the test session with most severe stuttering. Right frontal overactivation is cautiously suggested to be a compensation strategy. In conclusion, late CNV amplitude elicited by a relatively simple speech task seems to be able to provide an objective, neural correlate of stuttering frequency. The present case report supports the hypothesis that motor preparation has an important role in stuttering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Vanhoutte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 1K12A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - John Van Borsel
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 2P1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Veiga de Almeida University, Rua Ibituruna, 108, Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marjan Cosyns
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 2P1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Katja Batens
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185,1K12A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of physical therapy and motor rehabilitation, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Pieter van Mierlo
- MEDISIP, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University - iMINDS Medical IT Department, Ghent University Hospital De Pintelaan 185, 5-Blok B, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dimitri Hemelsoet
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185,1K12A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dirk Van Roost
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 4K12E, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Surgery, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 4K12E, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Paul Corthals
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 2P1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Education, Health and Social Work, University College Ghent, Keramiekstraat 80, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 2P1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185,1K12A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 1K12A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185,1K12A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Boehm U, van Maanen L, Forstmann B, van Rijn H. Trial-by-trial fluctuations in CNV amplitude reflect anticipatory adjustment of response caution. Neuroimage 2014; 96:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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25
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Probing interval timing with scalp-recorded electroencephalography (EEG). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 829:187-207. [PMID: 25358712 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1782-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Humans, and other animals, are able to easily learn the durations of events and the temporal relationships among them in spite of the absence of a dedicated sensory organ for time. This chapter summarizes the investigation of timing and time perception using scalp-recorded electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive technique that measures brain electrical potentials on a millisecond time scale. Over the past several decades, much has been learned about interval timing through the examination of the characteristic features of averaged EEG signals (i.e., event-related potentials, ERPs) elicited in timing paradigms. For example, the mismatch negativity (MMN) and omission potential (OP) have been used to study implicit and explicit timing, respectively, the P300 has been used to investigate temporal memory updating, and the contingent negative variation (CNV) has been used as an index of temporal decision making. In sum, EEG measures provide biomarkers of temporal processing that allow researchers to probe the cognitive and neural substrates underlying time perception.
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26
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Pro S, Tarantino S, Capuano A, Vigevano F, Valeriani M. Primary headache pathophysiology in children: The contribution of clinical neurophysiology. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.04.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cohen Y, Daikhin L, Ahissar M. Perceptual learning is specific to the trained structure of information. J Cogn Neurosci 2013; 25:2047-60. [PMID: 23915051 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
What do we learn when we practice a simple perceptual task? Many studies have suggested that we learn to refine or better select the sensory representations of the task-relevant dimension. Here we show that learning is specific to the trained structural regularities. Specifically, when this structure is modified after training with a fixed temporal structure, performance regresses to pretraining levels, even when the trained stimuli and task are retained. This specificity raises key questions as to the importance of low-level sensory modifications in the learning process. We trained two groups of participants on a two-tone frequency discrimination task for several days. In one group, a fixed reference tone was consistently presented in the first interval (the second tone was higher or lower), and in the other group the same reference tone was consistently presented in the second interval. When following training, these temporal protocols were switched between groups, performance of both groups regressed to pretraining levels, and further training was needed to attain postlearning performance. ERP measures, taken before and after training, indicated that participants implicitly learned the temporal regularity of the protocol and formed an attentional template that matched the trained structure of information. These results are consistent with Reverse Hierarchy Theory, which posits that even the learning of simple perceptual tasks progresses in a top-down manner, hence can benefit from temporal regularities at the trial level, albeit at the potential cost that learning may be specific to these regularities.
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Funderud I, Lindgren M, Løvstad M, Endestad T, Voytek B, Knight RT, Solbakk AK. Differential Go/NoGo activity in both contingent negative variation and spectral power. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48504. [PMID: 23119040 PMCID: PMC3485369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether both the contingent negative variation (CNV), an event-related potential index of preparatory brain activity, and event-related oscillatory EEG activity differentiated Go and NoGo trials in a delayed response task. CNV and spectral power (4-100 Hz) were calculated from EEG activity in the preparatory interval in 16 healthy adult participants. As previously reported, CNV amplitudes were higher in Go compared to NoGo trials. In addition, event-related spectral power of the Go condition was reduced in the theta to low gamma range compared to the NoGo condition, confirming that preparing to respond is associated with modulation of event-related spectral activity as well as the CNV. Altogether, the impact of the experimental manipulation on both slow event-related potentials and oscillatory EEG activity may reflect coordinated dynamic changes in the excitability of distributed neural networks involved in preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Funderud
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Norway.
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Smith BA, Jacobs JV, Horak FB. Effects of magnitude and magnitude predictability of postural perturbations on preparatory cortical activity in older adults with and without Parkinson's disease. Exp Brain Res 2012; 222:455-70. [PMID: 22936099 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-012-3232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify whether impaired cortical preparation may relate to impaired scaling of postural responses of people with Parkinson's disease (PD). We hypothesized that impaired scaling of postural responses in participants with PD would be associated with impaired set-dependent cortical activity in preparation for perturbations of predictable magnitudes. Participants performed postural responses to backward surface translations. We examined the effects of perturbation magnitude (predictable small vs. predictable large) and predictability of magnitude (predictable vs. unpredictable-in-magnitude) on postural responses (center-of-pressure (CoP) displacements) and on preparatory electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of contingent negative variation (CNV) and alpha and beta event-related desynchronization (ERD). Our results showed that unpredictability of perturbation magnitude, but not the magnitude of the perturbation itself, was associated with increased CNV amplitude at the CZ electrode in both groups. While control participants scaled their postural responses to the predicted magnitude of the perturbation, their condition-related changes in CoP displacements were not correlated with condition-related changes in EEG preparatory activity (CNV or ERD). In contrast, participants with PD did not scale their postural responses to the predicted magnitude of the perturbation, but they did demonstrate greater beta ERD in the condition of predictably small-magnitude perturbations and greater beta ERD than the control participants at the CZ electrode. In addition, increased beta ERD in PD was associated with decreased adaptability of postural responses, suggesting that preparatory cortical activity may have a more direct influence on postural response scaling for people with PD than for control participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Smith
- Balance Disorders Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave., Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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Bueno M, Fabrigoule C, Deleurence P, Ndiaye D, Fort A. An electrophysiological study of the impact of a Forward Collision Warning System in a simulator driving task. Brain Res 2012; 1470:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Time-resolved influences of functional DAT1 and COMT variants on visual perception and post-processing. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41552. [PMID: 22844499 PMCID: PMC3402385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dopamine plays an important role in orienting and the regulation of selective attention to relevant stimulus characteristics. Thus, we examined the influences of functional variants related to dopamine inactivation in the dopamine transporter (DAT1) and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes (COMT) on the time-course of visual processing in a contingent negative variation (CNV) task. Methods 64-channel EEG recordings were obtained from 195 healthy adolescents of a community-based sample during a continuous performance task (A-X version). Early and late CNV as well as preceding visual evoked potential components were assessed. Results Significant additive main effects of DAT1 and COMT on the occipito-temporal early CNV were observed. In addition, there was a trend towards an interaction between the two polymorphisms. Source analysis showed early CNV generators in the ventral visual stream and in frontal regions. There was a strong negative correlation between occipito-temporal visual post-processing and the frontal early CNV component. The early CNV time interval 500–1000 ms after the visual cue was specifically affected while the preceding visual perception stages were not influenced. Conclusions Late visual potentials allow the genomic imaging of dopamine inactivation effects on visual post-processing. The same specific time-interval has been found to be affected by DAT1 and COMT during motor post-processing but not motor preparation. We propose the hypothesis that similar dopaminergic mechanisms modulate working memory encoding in both the visual and motor and perhaps other systems.
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Bender S, Rellum T, Freitag C, Resch F, Rietschel M, Treutlein J, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Brandeis D, Banaschewski T, Laucht M. Dopamine inactivation efficacy related to functional DAT1 and COMT variants influences motor response evaluation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37814. [PMID: 22649558 PMCID: PMC3359334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine plays an important role in orienting, response anticipation and movement evaluation. Thus, we examined the influence of functional variants related to dopamine inactivation in the dopamine transporter (DAT1) and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes (COMT) on the time-course of motor processing in a contingent negative variation (CNV) task. METHODS 64-channel EEG recordings were obtained from 195 healthy adolescents of a community-based sample during a continuous performance task (A-X version). Early and late CNV as well as motor postimperative negative variation were assessed. Adolescents were genotyped for the COMT Val(158)Met and two DAT1 polymorphisms (variable number tandem repeats in the 3'-untranslated region and in intron 8). RESULTS The results revealed a significant interaction between COMT and DAT1, indicating that COMT exerted stronger effects on lateralized motor post-processing (centro-parietal motor postimperative negative variation) in homozygous carriers of a DAT1 haplotype increasing DAT1 expression. Source analysis showed that the time interval 500-1000 ms after the motor response was specifically affected in contrast to preceding movement anticipation and programming stages, which were not altered. CONCLUSIONS Motor slow negative waves allow the genomic imaging of dopamine inactivation effects on cortical motor post-processing during response evaluation. This is the first report to point towards epistatic effects in the motor system during response evaluation, i.e. during the post-processing of an already executed movement rather than during movement programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Bender
- Section for Clinical Neurophysiology and Multimodal Neuroimaging, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Thiemann U, Bluschke A, Resch F, Teufert B, Klein C, Weisbrod M, Bender S. Cortical post-movement and sensory processing disentangled by temporary deafferentation. Neuroimage 2011; 59:1582-93. [PMID: 21907294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor system calibration depends crucially on the adjustment to the consequences of a movement, which often occur when the movement itself is already completed. The mechanisms by which reafferent feedback information is compared to the programmed movement remain unclear. In the current study, the hypothesis of a short term memory trace in the motor cortex which outlasts quick movements and is generated independently from reafferent feedback was challenged by temporal deafferentation. Post-movement cortical potentials were recorded by high-resolution EEG during a reaction time task which required speeded unilateral right-hand or left-hand button presses. We analysed lateralized motor N700 (motor post-imperative negative variation), a post-movement component, under temporary deafferentation achieved through application of a blood pressure tourniquet in ten healthy adult subjects. Motor N700 persisted under deafferentation in the absence of reafferent tactile and proprioceptive feedback input into the sensorimotor cortex, which was abolished under deafferentation. Source analysis pointed towards continuing activation in the pre-/primary motor cortex. Thus, motor post-processing can be dissociated from reafferent sensory feedback. Motor cortex activation outlasts quick movements for about a second also in the absence of a reafferent signal. Continuing motor cortex activation could act as an internal motor model in motor learning and allow better adjustment of movements according to the evaluation of their consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Thiemann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Blumenstr. 8, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Giuliano RJ, Pfordresher PQ, Stanley EM, Narayana S, Wicha NYY. Native experience with a tone language enhances pitch discrimination and the timing of neural responses to pitch change. Front Psychol 2011; 2:146. [PMID: 21886629 PMCID: PMC3155092 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Native tone language experience has been linked with alterations in the production and perception of pitch in language, as well as with the brain response to linguistic and non-linguistic tones. Here we use two experiments to address whether these changes apply to the discrimination of simple pitch changes and pitch intervals. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from native Mandarin speakers and a control group during a same/different task with pairs of pure tones differing only in pitch height, and with pure tone pairs differing only in interval distance. Behaviorally, Mandarin speakers were more accurate than controls at detecting both pitch and interval changes, showing a sensitivity to small pitch changes and interval distances that was absent in the control group. Converging evidence from ERPs obtained during the same tasks revealed an earlier response to change relative to no-change trials in Mandarin speakers, as well as earlier differentiation of trials by change direction relative to controls. These findings illustrate the cross-domain influence of language experience on the perception of pitch, suggesting that the native use of tonal pitch contours in language leads to a general enhancement in the acuity of pitch representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Giuliano
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon Eugene, OR, USA
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Siniatchkin M, Kuppe A. Neurophysiological Determinants of Tic Severity in Children with Chronic Motor Tic Disorder. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2011; 36:121-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10484-011-9155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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36
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The neural correlates of cognitive effort in anxiety: Effects on processing efficiency. Biol Psychol 2011; 86:337-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pangelinan MM, Kagerer FA, Momen B, Hatfield BD, Clark JE. Electrocortical dynamics reflect age-related differences in movement kinematics among children and adults. Cereb Cortex 2010; 21:737-47. [PMID: 20805237 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhq162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous neuroimaging and behavioral studies demonstrated structural and functional changes in the motor system across childhood. However, it is unclear what functionally relevant electrocortical processes underlie developmental differences in motor planning and control during multijoint, goal-directed movements. The current study characterized age-related differences in electrocortical processes during the performance of discrete aiming movements in children and adults. Electroencephalography and movement kinematics were recorded from 3 groups of participants (n = 15 each): young children (mean 6.7 years), older children (mean 10.2 years), and adults (mean 22.1 years). Age-related differences were evident in the electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. First, young children exhibited less movement-related activity in task-relevant motor areas compared with adults (movement-related cortical potentials). Second, young children exhibited greater activation (less alpha power) of the frontal areas and less activation of the parietal areas as compared with the other groups. At the behavioral level, young children made slower and jerkier movements, with less consistent directional planning compared with older children and adults. Significant correlations were also found between EEG and movement kinematic measures. Taken together, the results of this study provide evidence that age-related differences in the quality of motor planning and performance are reflected in the differences in electrocortical dynamics among children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Pangelinan
- Cognitive Motor Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
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Electrophysiological changes during adolescence: A review. Brain Cogn 2010; 72:86-100. [PMID: 19914761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2009.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Siniatchkin M, Jonas A, Baki H, van Baalen A, Gerber WD, Stephani U. Developmental changes of the contingent negative variation in migraine and healthy children. J Headache Pain 2009; 11:105-13. [PMID: 20013021 PMCID: PMC3452294 DOI: 10.1007/s10194-009-0180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that abnormalities of information processing in migraine may be attributed to impairment of cerebral maturation. However, the most evidences for this hypothesis have come from cross-sectional studies during childhood. We performed a longitudinal study and recorded contingent negative variation (CNV), an event-related slow cortical potential, in migraine children (n = 27) and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 23) in 1998 and 8 years later (2006). Amplitudes of all CNV components were reduced and habituation of the initial CNV (iCNV) increased in the observed time. However, the reduction of the iCNV amplitude was more pronounced in migraine patients who were in remission in 2006 and in healthy subjects and less pronounced in migraineurs with persisting headaches. Patients with the worsened migraine demonstrated the most pronounced loss of iCNV habituation in 1998 and significantly increased iCNV amplitudes in 2006. This longitudinal study supports the hypothesis of impaired cerebral maturation in migraine and shows that migraine manifestation is a key factor interfering with the natural maturation process of central information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Siniatchkin
- Department of Child Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Schwanenweg 20, Kiel, Germany.
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Lütcke H, Gevensleben H, Albrecht B, Frahm J. Brain Networks Involved in Early versus Late Response Anticipation and Their Relation to Conflict Processing. J Cogn Neurosci 2009; 21:2172-84. [PMID: 19016602 DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2008.21165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Previous electrophysiological studies have clearly identified separable neural events underlying early and late components of response anticipation. Functional neuroimaging studies, however, have so far failed to account for this separation. Here, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of an anticipation paradigm in 12 healthy adult subjects that reliably produced early and late expectancy waves in the electroencephalogram. We furthermore compared fMRI activations elicited during early and late anticipation to those associated with response conflict. Our results demonstrate the existence of distinct cortical and subcortical brain regions underlying early and late anticipation. Although late anticipatory behavior was associated with activations in dorsal ACC, frontal cortex, and thalamus, brain responses linked to the early expectancy wave were localized mainly in motor and premotor cortical areas as well as the caudate nucleus. Additionally, late anticipation was associated with increased activity in midbrain dopaminergic nuclei, very likely corresponding to the substantia nigra. Furthermore, whereas regions involved in late anticipation proved to be very similar to activations elicited by response conflict, this was not the case for early anticipation. The current study supports a distinction between early and late anticipatory processes, in line with a plethora of neurophysiological work, and for the first time describes the brain structures differentially involved in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lütcke
- 1Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Jens Frahm
- 1Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
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Leuthold H, Jentzsch I. Planning of rapid aiming movements and the contingent negative variation: Are movement duration and extent specified independently? Psychophysiology 2009; 46:539-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oelkers-Ax R, Schmidt K, Bender S, Reimer I, Möhler E, Knauss E, Resch F, Weisbrod M. Longitudinal assessment of response preparation and evaluation in migraine gives evidence for deviant maturation. Cephalalgia 2008; 28:237-49. [PMID: 18254894 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for deviant maturation of sensory processing in migraine has come recently from cross-sectional studies during childhood. Age-dependent development of response preparation and evaluation is characterized using a longitudinal design in school-aged migraine patients and controls in order to challenge the hypothesis of migraine as a maturation disorder. Forty-six children with migraine and 57 healthy controls aged 6-18 years were investigated and followed up 4 years later using a simple acoustic contingent negative variation (CNV) paradigm. Maturation in controls was characterized by increasing negativity of late and total CNV and stability of initial CNV (iCNV) and the motor postimperative negative variation (mPINV). Migraine patients showed a lack of development for late and total CNV and decreasing iCNV and mPINV negativity. This first longitudinal study confirms cross-sectional results of deviant CNV maturation in migraine. Altered maturation was not correlated with clinical improvement and may represent a vulnerability marker for migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Oelkers-Ax
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatriy, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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Hellwig S, Weisbrod M, Jochum V, Rentrop M, Unger J, Walther S, Haefner K, Roth A, Fiedler P, Bender S. Slow cortical potentials in human aversive trace conditioning. Int J Psychophysiol 2008; 69:41-51. [PMID: 18485506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Revised: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to better understand the cortical structures and neuronal processes involved in aversive differential trace conditioning in healthy subjects. According to previous findings in literature, we tested whether the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN) in an emotional trace-conditioning paradigm shows a frontocentral maximum reflecting affective anticipation, e.g. in the anterior cingulate, or a centroparietal maximum reflecting time estimation and sensory anticipation. Two distinct SPN intervals were analyzed, one during the presentation of the CS (comparable to delay conditioning) and another one after CS offset (trace conditioning). In the CS+ condition, where subjects anticipated the onset of an aversive electrical stimulus after CS+ offset, a significantly larger negativity than in the unpaired (CS-) condition was present. SPN revealed a sustained midcentral and posterior parietal negativity during both SPN intervals. Differences between the two analyzed SPN intervals pointed towards occipital activity being found in the first interval (delay), but not in the second (trace). Aversive conditioning paradigms with longer trace intervals seem to rely upon a similar activation pattern as cognitive stimulus anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hellwig
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 2, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Bender S, Oelkers-Ax R, Hellwig S, Resch F, Weisbrod M. The topography of the scalp-recorded visual N700. Clin Neurophysiol 2007; 119:587-604. [PMID: 18164238 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Revised: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the topography of the N700 component of the scalp-recorded visual event-related potential (ERP) and to provide fundamental knowledge of the conditions under which it occurs. METHODS We examined the time-course of visual ERP in response to the short (100ms) and prolonged (7s) presentation of simple salient visual stimuli separated by long interstimulus intervals employing high-resolution 64-channel DC-EEG. Current source density (CSD) mapping and spatio-temporal dipole source analysis were performed. RESULTS CSD analysis revealed highly significant bilateral current sinks over occipito-temporal areas from about 450ms up to 1s after stimulus offset (visual N700). CSD topography and dipole source analysis suggested late prolonged activation of extrastriate visual areas which did not depend merely upon a stimulus offset response, afterimages or blinking, as confirmed by control conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide basic knowledge about the time-course of sensory activation. We found that passive watching of rare salient short stimuli automatically evoked sustained activity in the extrastriate visual cortex up to 1s after stimulus offset. SIGNIFICANCE Visual N700 provides a promising tool for important insights into the cortical mechanisms of stimulus post-processing. Its role in associative learning of temporally non-overlapping stimuli (automatic ultra-short-term sensory memory) should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bender
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Blumenstraße 8, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany; Section for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychiatric Hospital, Voßstraße 4, University of Heidelberg, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany; Psychosomatic Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - R Oelkers-Ax
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Blumenstraße 8, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Hellwig
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychiatric Hospital, Voßstraße 4, University of Heidelberg, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Resch
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Blumenstraße 8, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Weisbrod
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Blumenstraße 8, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany; SRH-Klinikum Karlsbad-Langensteinbach, Psychiatric Hospital, Guttmannstraße 1, 76307 Karlsbad, Germany
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Rektor I, Brázdil M, Nestrasil I, Bares M, Daniel P. Modifications of cognitive and motor tasks affect the occurrence of event-related potentials in the human cortex. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 26:1371-80. [PMID: 17767513 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study concerns the question of how task modification affects the frequency occurrence of event-related potentials (ERP) inside the active cortical areas. In 13 candidates for epilepsy surgery, 156 sites in the temporal (74), frontal (73), and parietal (9) cortices were recorded by means of depth and subdural electrodes. Four modifications of the somatosensory evoked P3-like potentials were performed; (i) an oddball paradigm with silent counting of target stimuli (P3c); (ii) an oddball paradigm with a hand movement in response to target stimuli (P3m); (iii) an S1-S2 paradigm, ERP in the P300 time window after the S2 stimulus, with silent counting of target stimuli (S2c), and (iv) an S1-S2 paradigm with a hand movement in response to target stimuli (S2m). In comparing the oddball paradigms with the S1-S2 (contingent negative variation, CNV) paradigms, four regions emerge that are significantly linked with the oddball P3; the prefrontal cortex, the cingulate, the amygdalo-hippocampal complex, and the lateral temporal cortex. A prominent role of the cingulate and the fronto-orbital cortex in the cognitive processing of movement was supported when tasks with identical cognitive loads but different required responses were compared. Even relatively simple cognitive tasks activate many cortical regions. The investigated areas were activated in all tests; however, small regions in each field were active or inactive in relation to the nature of the task. The study indicates a variable and task-dependent internal organization of a highly complex and widely distributed system of active cortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rektor
- First Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, St. Anne's Teaching Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Nikulin VV, Linkenkaer-Hansen K, Nolte G, Lemm S, Müller KR, Ilmoniemi RJ, Curio G. A novel mechanism for evoked responses in the human brain. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 25:3146-54. [PMID: 17561828 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnetoencephalographic and electroencephalographic evoked responses are primary real-time objective measures of cognitive and perceptual processes in the human brain. Two mechanisms (additive activity and phase reset) have been debated and considered as the only possible explanations for evoked responses. Here we present theoretical and empirical evidence of a third mechanism contributing to the generation of evoked responses. Interestingly, this mechanism can be deduced entirely from the characteristics of spontaneous oscillations in the absence of stimuli. We show that the amplitude fluctuations of neuronal alpha oscillations at rest are associated with changes in the mean value of ongoing activity in magnetoencephalography, a phenomenon that we term baseline shifts associated with alpha oscillations. When stimuli modulate the amplitude of alpha oscillations, baseline shifts become the basis of a novel mechanism for the generation of evoked responses; the averaging of several trials leads to a cancellation of the oscillatory component but the baseline shift remains, which gives rise to an evoked response. We propose that the presence of baseline shifts associated with alpha oscillations can be explained by the asymmetric flow of inward and outward neuronal currents related to the generation of alpha oscillations. Our findings are relevant to the vast majority of electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic studies involving perceptual, cognitive and motor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Rushby JA, Barry RJ. Event-related potential correlates of phasic and tonic measures of the orienting reflex. Biol Psychol 2007; 75:248-59. [PMID: 17462811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined putative central nervous system (CNS) indices of tonic and phasic aspects of the orienting reflex (OR) in a passive event-related potential (ERP) dishabituation paradigm. Pre-stimulus skin conductance level (SCL) and the subsequent skin conductance response (SCR) were used as tonic and phasic OR "yard-sticks", respectively. Their stimulus-response patterns were used to assess two ERP components: the tonic pre-stimulus contingent negative variation (CNV) and the subsequent phasic late positive complex (LPC). SCLs and SCRs derived from each trial of the first train presented were compatible with traditional OR studies. Across-train means were also derived for each of the four measures examined. Arousal changes, as indexed by the SCL, were weak in the CNV which showed an additional expectancy effect. The LPC showed a stimulus-response pattern across trials identical to that of the SCR. This study clarifies links between the traditional autonomic measures of the indifferent OR and its CNS correlates, and encourages an OR perspective and/or interpretation of ERP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A Rushby
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia.
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Le Pera D, Brancucci A, De Armas L, Del Percio C, Miliucci R, Babiloni C, Restuccia D, Rossini PM, Valeriani M. Inhibitory effect of voluntary movement preparation on cutaneous heat pain and laser-evoked potentials. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 25:1900-7. [PMID: 17432974 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In our study, preparation of voluntary movement was used to physiologically activate the motor cortex areas and the effect of this activation on CO(2) laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) was explored. LEPs were recorded from 31 scalp electrodes in 10 healthy subjects after painful stimulation of the right C6-C7 skin dermatomes. LEP stimuli were delivered in the time interval between a visual warning stimulus followed after 1 s. by an imperative stimulus. The imperative stimulus triggered: (i) no task in the baseline condition (Pain); (ii) flexion-extension movements of the second finger of the right hand in the movement condition (Pain + Movement); (iii) cognitive task (mathematic computation) in the distraction condition (Pain + Cognition). The experimental conditions were also repeated during application of laser stimuli on the left C6-C7 skin dermatomes. Compared with the baseline condition (no task required), during preparation of right-hand voluntary movement there was a significant reduction in LEP amplitude and subjective pain rating after right- but not after left-hand stimulation, which suggests that the observed effect cannot be attributed to a nonspecific reduction in attention toward painful stimulus. During preparation of a cognitive task, LEP amplitude was reduced compared to baseline. Our results represent the first neurophysiological suggestion that physiological activation of the motor cortex, occurring during movement preparation, inhibits cortical pain processing by a centrifugal mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Le Pera
- Department of Motor Rehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, via della Pisana 235, Rome, Italy.
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Pivik RT, Dykman RA. Event-related variations in alpha band activity during an attentional task in preadolescents: Effects of morning nutrition. Clin Neurophysiol 2007; 118:615-32. [PMID: 17188567 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/ERS) methodology was used to study interactions between nutrition, brain function, cognition and behavior in children who ate or skipped breakfast after overnight fasting. METHODS Healthy preadolescents performed a cued visual Go/No-Go RT task after overnight fasting (Phase 1) and again (Phase 2) after eating breakfast (n=30) or continuing to fast (n=30). ERS and ERD determinations (8-10, 10-12Hz; frontal, central, parietal, occipital sites) and measures of sleep (overnight actigraphy) and blood glucose (finger sticks) were obtained. RESULTS Feeding increased blood glucose, but the groups were similar in sleep amount and response accuracy. Between-phase comparisons showed slower RT and increased alpha synchronization in fasting subjects, but little change in those who ate breakfast. Phase 2 group differences emphasized greater frontal early ERS and late frontal-central ERD in Fed subjects. CONCLUSIONS In preadolescents a brief extension of overnight fasting resulted in significant changes in brain activity and behavior that were effectively countered by eating breakfast. Delaying breakfast until mid-morning appeared to have introduced fasting effects that attenuated responses in Fed subjects. SIGNIFICANCE These findings show the sensitivity of brain function and behavior to subtle variations in nutritional status and argue for greater consideration of nutritional variables in neurobehavioral studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Pivik
- Brain Function Laboratory, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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Wild-Wall N, Hohnsbein J, Falkenstein M. Effects of ageing on cognitive task preparation as reflected by event-related potentials. Clin Neurophysiol 2007; 118:558-69. [PMID: 17208044 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Revised: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The anticipation of complex cognitive tasks involves effortful preparation being reflected in the contingent negative variation (CNV) of the event-related potential. In the literature there are contradictory results concerning the effect of age on this potential. We wanted to investigate effects of age, time-on-task, and task difficulty on the CNV. METHOD Young and middle-aged participants performed a visual search and a non-search task during an early and a late phase of a 6-h session. RESULTS Performance data revealed increased response times and error rates for middle-aged vs. young participants. Most importantly, an increased frontal CNV amplitude was found for the older participants, especially pronounced in the search task. A late positivity which was elicited to the offset of the preceding stimulus was increased for the middle-aged vs. young group in the visual search task only. There was no effect of time-on-task on performance, but the CNV became larger with time-on-task in the search task while it became smaller in the non-search task. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest an enhancement of effortful task preparation for middle-aged participants especially when the task is difficult. SIGNIFICANCE This underlines the role of the CNV as a neurophysiological indicator for effortful cognitive preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Wild-Wall
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Institute of Occupational Physiology, University of Dortmund, Germany.
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