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Mehdipour P, Fathi N, Nosratabadi M. Personalized clinical managements through exploring circulating neural cells and electroencephalography. World J Exp Med 2023; 13:75-94. [PMID: 37767542 PMCID: PMC10520756 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v13.i4.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since an initial diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) in 1907, early detection, was unavailable through 116 years. Up-regulation of V-Ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (Ets2) is capable to enhance neuronal susceptibility and degeneration. Protein expression (PE) of Ets2 has functional impact on AD and Down's syndrome, with diverse intensity. PE of Ets2 has an influential pathogenic impact on AD. Clinical aspects of neurological disorders directly interact with psychological maladies. However, deterioration requires an early management including programmed based protection. AIM To include cell biology in neuro-genetics; personalized, prognostics, predictive, preventive, predisposing (5xP) platform, accompanied by stratifying brain channels behavior pre- and post-intervention by light music in the AD-patients. METHODS Include exploration of PE assay and electroencephalography of brain channels. The processes are applied according to: (1) Triangle style, by application of cellular network; and (2) PE assay of Ets2 in the peripheral blood of the patients with AD, by Manual single cell based analysis, and Flow-cytometry. (1) Applying the Genetic counselling and pedigree analysis; (2) considering the psychological status of the referral cases; (3) considering the macro-and/or micro-environmental factors; (4) performing the required Genetics' analysis; and (5) applying the required complementary test(s). RESULTS PE of Ets2 has pathogenic role in AD. PE unmasked the nature of heterogeneity/diversity/course of evolution by exploring Ets2, D1853N polymorphism in Ataxia Telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and course of evolution at the single cell level of the brain. Ets2 revealed different cellular behavior in the blood and suggested the strategy as 'Gene Product-Based Therapy' and the personalized managements for the patients. PE reflected weak expression of ATM, mosaic pattern of Ets2; remarkable expression of VEGF and EGF by highlighting an early detective platform, considering circulating neural cells (CNCs) and the required molecular investigation, for the target individual(s) predisposed to AD or other neural disease including brain neoplasia. Brain channels-cooperation with diverse/interactive-ratios lead to strategic balancing for improving the life-quality in AD. CONCLUSION We highlighted application of the single CNCs and correlated Ratio based between Brain channels by providing the 5xP personalized clinical management model for an early detection and therapy of the patients with AD and their targeted/predisposed relatives. Novel-evolutionary/hypothetic/heterogenic-results in brain-channels offer personalizd/constructive markers with unlimited cooperation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mehdipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176-1315, Iran
| | - Nima Fathi
- Neuro-Science, Paarand Specialized Center for Human Enhancement, Tehran 157699304, Iran
| | - Masoud Nosratabadi
- Department of Research, Paarand Specialized Center for Human Enhancement, Tehran 157699304, Iran
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2
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Treatment effects on event-related EEG potentials and oscillations in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 177:179-201. [PMID: 35588964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorder belonging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in old persons. This disease is provoked by an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta and tauopathy proteins in the brain. Very recently, the first disease-modifying drug has been licensed with reserve (i.e., Aducanumab). Therefore, there is a need to identify and use biomarkers probing the neurophysiological underpinnings of human cognitive functions to test the clinical efficacy of that drug. In this regard, event-related electroencephalographic potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) are promising candidates. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association and Global Brain Consortium reviewed the field literature on the effects of the most used symptomatic drug against ADD (i.e., Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) on ERPs and EROs in ADD patients with MCI and dementia at the group level. The most convincing results were found in ADD patients. In those patients, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors partially normalized ERP P300 peak latency and amplitude in oddball paradigms using visual stimuli. In these same paradigms, those drugs partially normalize ERO phase-locking at the theta band (4-7 Hz) and spectral coherence between electrode pairs at the gamma (around 40 Hz) band. These results are of great interest and may motivate multicentric, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials in MCI and ADD patients for final cross-validation.
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3
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Maestú F, Fernández A. Role of Magnetoencephalography in the Early Stages of Alzheimer Disease. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2021; 30:217-227. [PMID: 32336408 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As synaptic dysfunction is an early manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, magnetoencephalography (MEG) is capable of detecting disruptions by assessing the synchronized oscillatory activity of thousands of neurons that rely on the integrity of neural connections. MEG findings include slowness of the oscillatory activity, accompanied by a reduction of the alpha band power, and dysfunction of the functional networks. These findings are associated with the neuropathology of the disease and cognitive impairment. These neurophysiological biomarkers predict which patients with mild cognitive impairment will develop dementia. MEG has demonstrated its utility as a noninvasive biomarker for early detection of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Maestú
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Campus de Montegancedo de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Campus de Montegancedo de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain; Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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4
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What electrophysiology tells us about Alzheimer's disease: a window into the synchronization and connectivity of brain neurons. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 85:58-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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5
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Maestú F, Cuesta P, Hasan O, Fernandéz A, Funke M, Schulz PE. The Importance of the Validation of M/EEG With Current Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:17. [PMID: 30792632 PMCID: PMC6374629 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Current biomarkers used in research and in clinical practice in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are the analysis of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to detect levels of Aβ42 and phosphorylated-tau, amyloid and FDG-PET, and MRI volumetry. Some of these procedures are still invasive for patients or expensive. Electroencephalography (EEG) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) are two non-invasive techniques able to detect the early synaptic dysfunction and track the course of the disease. However, in spite of its added value they are not part of the standard of care in clinical practice in dementia. In this paper we review what these neurophysiological techniques can add to the early diagnosis of AD, whether results in both modalities are related to each other or not, as well as the need of its validation against current biomarkers. We discuss their potential implications for the better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease as well as the need of performing simultaneous M/EEG recordings to better understand discrepancies between these two techniques. Finally, more studies are needed studying M/EEG with amyloid and Tau biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Maestú
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Complutense and Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Magnetic Source Imaging Unit, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pablo Cuesta
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Complutense and Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering Lab, Department of Industrial Engineering & IUNE Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Omar Hasan
- McGovern Medical School University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alberto Fernandéz
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Complutense and Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Funke
- Magnetic Source Imaging Unit, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Paul E Schulz
- Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering Lab, Department of Industrial Engineering & IUNE Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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6
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Mandal PK, Banerjee A, Tripathi M, Sharma A. A Comprehensive Review of Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Studies for Brain Functionality in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Front Comput Neurosci 2018; 12:60. [PMID: 30190674 PMCID: PMC6115612 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2018.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural oscillations were established with their association with neurophysiological activities and the altered rhythmic patterns are believed to be linked directly to the progression of cognitive decline. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive technique to record such neuronal activity due to excellent temporal and fair amount of spatial resolution. Single channel, connectivity as well as brain network analysis using MEG data in resting state and task-based experiments were analyzed from existing literature. Single channel analysis studies reported a less complex, more regular and predictable oscillations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) primarily in the left parietal, temporal and occipital regions. Investigations on both functional connectivity (FC) and effective (EC) connectivity analysis demonstrated a loss of connectivity in AD compared to healthy control (HC) subjects found in higher frequency bands. It has been reported from multiplex network of MEG study in AD in the affected regions of hippocampus, posterior default mode network (DMN) and occipital areas, however, conclusions cannot be drawn due to limited availability of clinical literature. Potential utilization of high spatial resolution in MEG likely to provide information related to in-depth brain functioning and underlying factors responsible for changes in neuronal waves in AD. This review is a comprehensive report to investigate diagnostic biomarkers for AD may be identified by from MEG data. It is also important to note that MEG data can also be utilized for the same pursuit in combination with other imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravat K. Mandal
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Lab, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anwesha Banerjee
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Lab, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Sharma
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Lab, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
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Abstract
Globally populations are ageing. By 2050, it is estimated that there will be two billion people aged 60 years or over, of which 131 million are projected to be affected by dementia, while depression is predicted to be the second leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020. Preventing or delaying the onset of these disorders should therefore be a public health priority. There is some evidence linking certain dietary patterns, particularly the Mediterranean diet, with a reduced risk of dementia and depression. Specific dietary components have also been investigated in relation to brain health, with emerging evidence supporting protective roles forn-3 PUFA, polyphenols, vitamin D and B-vitamins. At this time, the totality of evidence is strongest in support of a role for folate and the metabolically related B-vitamins (vitamin B12, vitamin B6and riboflavin) in slowing the progression of cognitive decline and possibly reducing the risk of depression in ageing. Future studies incorporating new technologies, such as MRI and magnetoencephalography, offer much promise in identifying effective nutrition interventions that could reduce the risk of cognitive and mental disorders. This review will explore the ageing brain and the emerging evidence linking diet and specific nutrients with cognitive function and depression in ageing, with the potential to develop strategies that could improve quality of life in our ageing population.
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8
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Ranchet M, Morgan JC, Akinwuntan AE, Devos H. Cognitive workload across the spectrum of cognitive impairments: A systematic review of physiological measures. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:516-537. [PMID: 28711663 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to identify the physiological measures that are sensitive to assessing cognitive workload across the spectrum of cognitive impairments. Three database searches were conducted: PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. Studies from the last decade that used physiological measures of cognitive workload in older adults (mean age >65 years-old) were reviewed. The cognitive workload of healthy older individuals was compared with the cognitive workload of younger adults, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with Alzheimer's diseases (AD). The most common measures of cognitive workload included: electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, pupillometry, and heart rate variability. These physiological measures consistently showed greater cognitive workload in healthy older adults compared to younger adults when performing the same task. The same was observed in patients with MCI compared to healthy older adults. Behavioral performance declined when the available cognitive resources became insufficient to cope with the cognitive demands of a task, such as in AD. These findings may have implications for clinical practice and future cognitive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Ranchet
- Univ. Lyon, IFSTTAR, TS2, LESCOT, F-69675 Lyon, France.
| | - John C Morgan
- Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence, Movement and Memory Disorder Programs, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Abiodun E Akinwuntan
- Dean's office, School of Health Professions, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Hannes Devos
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Health Professions, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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9
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Moore K, O'Shea M, Hughes CF, Hoey L, Ward M, McNulty H. Current evidence linking nutrition with brain health in ageing. NUTR BULL 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Moore
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; Ulster University Coleraine; Coleraine UK
| | - M. O'Shea
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; Ulster University Coleraine; Coleraine UK
| | - C. F. Hughes
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; Ulster University Coleraine; Coleraine UK
| | - L. Hoey
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; Ulster University Coleraine; Coleraine UK
| | - M. Ward
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; Ulster University Coleraine; Coleraine UK
| | - H. McNulty
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health; Ulster University Coleraine; Coleraine UK
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10
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Porter K, Hoey L, Hughes CF, Ward M, McNulty H. Causes, Consequences and Public Health Implications of Low B-Vitamin Status in Ageing. Nutrients 2016; 8:E725. [PMID: 27854316 PMCID: PMC5133110 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential protective roles of folate and the metabolically related B-vitamins (vitamins B12, B6 and riboflavin) in diseases of ageing are of increasing research interest. The most common cause of folate and riboflavin deficiencies in older people is low dietary intake, whereas low B12 status is primarily associated with food-bound malabsorption, while sub-optimal vitamin B6 status is attributed to increased requirements in ageing. Observational evidence links low status of folate and the related B-vitamins (and/or elevated concentrations of homocysteine) with a higher risk of degenerative diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cognitive dysfunction and osteoporosis. Deficient or low status of these B-vitamins alone or in combination with genetic polymorphisms, including the common MTHFR 677 C → T polymorphism, could contribute to greater disease risk in ageing by causing perturbations in one carbon metabolism. Moreover, interventions with the relevant B-vitamins to optimise status may have beneficial effects in preventing degenerative diseases. The precise mechanisms are unknown but many have been proposed involving the role of folate and the related B-vitamins as co-factors for one-carbon transfer reactions, which are fundamental for DNA and RNA biosynthesis and the maintenance of methylation reactions. This review will examine the evidence linking folate and related B-vitamins with health and disease in ageing, associated mechanisms and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Porter
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Leane Hoey
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Mary Ward
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Helene McNulty
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
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11
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Aurtenetxe S, García-Pacios J, del Río D, López ME, Pineda-Pardo JA, Marcos A, Delgado Losada ML, López-Frutos JM, Maestú F. Interference Impacts Working Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:443. [PMID: 27790082 PMCID: PMC5061755 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a transitional stage between healthy aging and dementia, specifically Alzheimer's disease (AD). The most common cognitive impairment of MCI includes episodic memory loss and difficulties in working memory (WM). Interference can deplete WM, and an optimal WM performance requires an effective control of attentional resources between the memoranda and the incoming stimuli. Difficulties in handling interference lead to forgetting. However, the interplay between interference and WM in MCI is not well-understood and needs further investigation. The current study investigated the effect of interference during a WM task in 20 MCIs and 20 healthy elder volunteers. Participants performed a delayed match-to-sample paradigm which consisted in two interference conditions, distraction and interruption, and one control condition without any interference. Results evidenced a disproportionate impact of interference on the WM performance of MCIs, mainly in the presence of interruption. These findings demonstrate that interference, and more precisely interruption, is an important proxy for memory-related deficits in MCI. Thus, the current findings reveal novel evidence regarding the causes of WM forgetting in MCI patients, associated with difficulties in the mechanisms of attentional control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Aurtenetxe
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology of Madrid (CBT), Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Pacios
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology of Madrid (CBT), Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Camilo Jose Cela UniversityMadrid, Spain
| | - David del Río
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology of Madrid (CBT), Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, Spain
- Department of Basic Psychology II (Cognitive Processes), Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - María E. López
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology of Madrid (CBT), Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Universitat de les Illes BalearsPalma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José A. Pineda-Pardo
- Centro Integral de Neurociencias AC, HM Puerta del Sur, Hospitales de Madrid MostolesMadrid, Spain
- CEU San Pablo UniversityMadrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Marcos
- Department of Neurology, San Carlos University HospitalMadrid, Spain
| | - Maria L. Delgado Losada
- Department of Basic Psychology II (Cognitive Processes), Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain
- Seniors Centre of the District of ChamartínMadrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Maestú
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology of Madrid (CBT), Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid, Spain
- Department of Basic Psychology II (Cognitive Processes), Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain
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12
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Deiber MP, Meziane HB, Hasler R, Rodriguez C, Toma S, Ackermann M, Herrmann F, Giannakopoulos P. Attention and Working Memory-Related EEG Markers of Subtle Cognitive Deterioration in Healthy Elderly Individuals. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 47:335-49. [PMID: 26401557 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Future treatments of Alzheimer's disease need the identification of cases at high risk at the preclinical stage of the disease before the development of irreversible structural damage. We investigated here whether subtle cognitive deterioration in a population of healthy elderly individuals could be predicted by EEG signals at baseline under cognitive activation. Continuous EEG was recorded in 97 elderly control subjects and 45 age-matched mild cognitive impairment (MCI) cases during a simple attentional and a 2-back working memory task. Upon 18-month neuropsychological follow-up, the final sample included 55 stable (sCON) and 42 deteriorated (dCON) controls. We examined the P1, N1, P3, and PNwm event-related components as well as the oscillatory activities in the theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), and beta (14-25 Hz) frequency ranges (ERD/ERS: event-related desynchronization/synchronization, and ITC: inter-trial coherence). Behavioral performance, P1, and N1 components were comparable in all groups. The P3, PNwm, and all oscillatory activity indices were altered in MCI cases compared to controls. Only three EEG indices distinguished the two control groups: alpha and beta ERD (dCON > sCON) and beta ITC (dCON < sCON). These findings show that subtle cognitive deterioration has no impact on EEG indices associated with perception, discrimination, and working memory processes but mostly affects attention, resulting in an enhanced recruitment of attentional resources. In addition, cognitive decline alters neural firing synchronization at high frequencies (14-25 Hz) at early stages, and possibly affects lower frequencies (4-13 Hz) only at more severe stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Deiber
- INSERM U1039, Faculty of Medicine, La Tronche, France.,Biomarkers of Vulnerability Unit, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hadj Boumediene Meziane
- Biomarkers of Vulnerability Unit, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hasler
- Biomarkers of Vulnerability Unit, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristelle Rodriguez
- Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Toma
- Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marine Ackermann
- Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Herrmann
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Panteleimon Giannakopoulos
- Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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13
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Amezquita-Sanchez JP, Adeli A, Adeli H. A new methodology for automated diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Behav Brain Res 2016; 305:174-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Klados MA, Styliadis C, Frantzidis CA, Paraskevopoulos E, Bamidis PD. Beta-Band Functional Connectivity is Reorganized in Mild Cognitive Impairment after Combined Computerized Physical and Cognitive Training. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:55. [PMID: 26973445 PMCID: PMC4770438 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical and cognitive idleness constitute significant risk factors for the clinical manifestation of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, a physically and cognitively active lifestyle may restructure age-declined neuronal networks enhancing neuroplasticity. The present study, investigated the changes of brain's functional network in a group of elderly individuals at risk for dementia that were induced by a combined cognitive and physical intervention scheme. Fifty seniors meeting Petersen's criteria of Mild Cognitive Impairment were equally divided into an experimental (LLM), and an active control (AC) group. Resting state electroencephalogram (EEG) was measured before and after the intervention. Functional networks were estimated by computing the magnitude square coherence between the time series of all available cortical sources as computed by standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA). A statistical model was used to form groups' characteristic weighted graphs. The introduced modulation was assessed by networks' density and nodes' strength. Results focused on the beta band (12-30 Hz) in which the difference of the two networks' density is maximum, indicating that the structure of the LLM cortical network changes significantly due to the intervention, in contrast to the network of AC. The node strength of LLM participants in the beta band presents a higher number of bilateral connections in the occipital, parietal, temporal and prefrontal regions after the intervention. Our results show that the combined training scheme reorganizes the beta-band functional connectivity of MCI patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02313935 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02313935.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manousos A Klados
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical School, Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki, Greece; Research Group for Neuroanatomy and Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany
| | - Charis Styliadis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos A Frantzidis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelos Paraskevopoulos
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
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López ME, Cuesta P, Garcés P, Castellanos PN, Aurtenetxe S, Bajo R, Marcos A, Delgado ML, Montejo P, López-Pantoja JL, Maestú F, Fernandez A. MEG spectral analysis in subtypes of mild cognitive impairment. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9624. [PMID: 24532390 PMCID: PMC4082569 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been described as an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. Previous studies characterized the alterations of brain oscillatory activity at this stage, but little is known about the differences between single and multidomain amnestic MCI patients. In order to study the patterns of oscillatory magnetic activity in amnestic MCI subtypes, a total of 105 subjects underwent an eyes-closed resting-state magnetoencephalographic recording: 36 healthy controls, 33 amnestic single domain MCIs (a-sd-MCI), and 36 amnestic multidomain MCIs (a-md-MCI). Relative power values were calculated and compared among groups. Subsequently, relative power values were correlated with neuropsychological tests scores and hippocampal volumes. Both MCI groups showed an increase in relative power in lower frequency bands (delta and theta frequency ranges) and a decrease in power values in higher frequency bands (alpha and beta frequency ranges), as compared with the control group. More importantly, clear differences emerged from the comparison between the two amnestic MCI subtypes. The a-md-MCI group showed a significant power increase within delta and theta ranges and reduced relative power within alpha and beta ranges. Such pattern correlated with the neuropsychological performance, indicating that the a-md-MCI subtype is associated not only with a "slowing" of the spectrum but also with a poorer cognitive status. These results suggest that a-md-MCI patients are characterized by a brain activity profile that is closer to that observed in Alzheimer disease. Therefore, it might be hypothesized that the likelihood of conversion to dementia would be higher within this subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. López
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Cuesta
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Garcés
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. N. Castellanos
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Aurtenetxe
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Bajo
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Mathematics, UNIR Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja Spain
| | - A. Marcos
- />Neurology Department, San Carlos University Hospital, c/Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. L. Delgado
- />Seniors Center of the District of Chamartin, Chamartin S/N, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Montejo
- />Memory Decline Prevention Center Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, c/ Montesa, 22, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. L. López-Pantoja
- />Department of Psychiatry and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, San Carlos University Hospital, c/Martín Lagos s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Maestú
- />Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Campus de Montegancedo s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Basic Psychology II, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Fernandez
- />Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Ahmadlou M, Adeli A, Bajo R, Adeli H. Complexity of functional connectivity networks in mild cognitive impairment subjects during a working memory task. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:694-702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Aurtenetxe S, Castellanos NP, Moratti S, Bajo R, Gil P, Beitia G, del-Pozo F, Maestú F. Dysfunctional and compensatory duality in mild cognitive impairment during a continuous recognition memory task. Int J Psychophysiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Becker JT, Fabrizio M, Sudre G, Haridis A, Ambrose T, Aizenstein HJ, Eddy W, Lopez OL, Wolk DA, Parkkonen L, Bagic A. Potential utility of resting-state magnetoencephalography as a biomarker of CNS abnormality in HIV disease. J Neurosci Methods 2012; 206:176-82. [PMID: 22414786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of a neuroimaging biomarker for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. We report magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from patients with HIV disease and risk-group appropriate controls that were collected to determine the MEG frequency profile during the resting state, and the stability of the profile over 24 weeks. 17 individuals (10 HIV+, 7 HIV-) completed detailed neurobehavioral evaluations and 10min of resting-state MEG acquisition with a 306-channel whole-head system. The entire evaluation and MEG measurement were repeated 24 weeks later. Relative MEG power in the delta (0-4Hz), theta (4-7Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), beta (12-30Hz) and low gamma (30-50Hz) bands was computed for 8 predefined sensor groups. The median stability of resting-state relative power over 24 weeks of follow-up was .80 with eyes closed, and .72 with eyes open. The relative gamma power in the right occipital (t(15)=1.99, p<.06, r=-.46) and right frontal (t(15)=2.15, p<.05, r=-.48) regions was associated with serostatus. The effect of age on delta power was greater in the seropositive subjects (r(2)=.51) than in the seronegative subjects (r(2)=.11). Individuals with high theta-to-gamma ratios tended to have lower cognitive test performance, regardless of serostatus. The stability of the wide-band MEG frequency profiles over 24 weeks supports the utility of MEG as a biomarker. The links between the MEG profile, serostatus, and cognition suggest further research on its potential in HAND is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Becker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, United States
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Bajo R, Castellanos NP, Cuesta P, Aurtenetxe S, Garcia-Prieto J, Gil-Gregorio P, del-Pozo F, Maestu F. Differential Patterns of Connectivity in Progressive Mild Cognitive Impairment. Brain Connect 2012; 2:21-4. [DOI: 10.1089/brain.2011.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bajo
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Nazareth P. Castellanos
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cuesta
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Aurtenetxe
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Garcia-Prieto
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil-Gregorio
- Department of Geriatrics (Memory Unit), San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco del-Pozo
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestu
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Technological University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
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Kurimoto R, Ishii R, Canuet L, Ikezawa K, Iwase M, Azechi M, Aoki Y, Ikeda S, Yoshida T, Takahashi H, Nakahachi T, Kazui H, Takeda M. Induced oscillatory responses during the Sternberg's visual memory task in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Neuroimage 2012; 59:4132-40. [PMID: 22047628 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Maestú F, Yubero R, Moratti S, Campo P, Gil-Gregorio P, Paul N, Solesio E, del Pozo F, Nevado A. Brain activity patterns in stable and progressive mild cognitive impairment during working memory as evidenced by magnetoencephalography. J Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 28:202-9. [PMID: 21399524 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0b013e3182121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, when compared with controls, show increased activity in different brain regions within the ventral pathway during memory tasks. A key question is whether this profile of increased activity could be useful to predict which patients will develop dementia. Herein, we present profiles of brain magnetic activity during a memory task recorded with magnetoencephalography from MCI patients (N = 10), Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (N = 10), and healthy volunteers (N = 17). After 2½ years of follow-up, five of the MCI patients developed AD. Patients who progressed to AD (PMCI) showed higher activity than those who remained stable (SMCI), AD patients and controls. This increased activity in PMCI patients involves regions within the ventral and dorsal pathways. In contrast, SMCI patients showed higher activation than controls only along the ventral pathway. This increase in both the ventral and dorsal pathways in PMCI patients may reflect a compensatory mechanism for the loss in efficiency in memory networks, which would be absent in AD patients as they showed lower activity levels than the rest of the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Maestú
- Laboratory for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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del Río D, Maestú F, López-Higes R, Moratti S, Gutiérrez R, Maestú C, del-Pozo F. Conflict and cognitive control during sentence comprehension: Recruitment of a frontal network during the processing of Spanish object-first sentences. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:382-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Increased biomagnetic activity in healthy elderly with subjective memory complaints. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 122:499-505. [PMID: 20826109 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are frequently reported by elderly people with or without objective cognitive impairment (OMI) as assessed by neuropsychological tests. We investigate whether SMCs are associated with altered brain biomagnetic patterns even in the absence of OMI. METHODS We report spatio-temporal patterns of brain magnetic activity recorded with magnetoencephalography during a memory task in 51 elderly participants divided into the following groups: patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with SMC and OMI, individuals with SMC but not OMI, and healthy controls without neither SMC nor OMI. Exclusion criteria for all three groups included a diagnosis of depression or any other psychiatric condition. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between MCI patients and participants with SMC. However, the SMC showed higher activation, between 200 and 900 ms after stimulus onset, than the control group in posterior ventral regions and in the dorsal pathway. MCI patients showed higher activation than the control group in the posterior part of the ventral pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that similar physiological mechanisms may underlie SMC and MCI, which could be two stages in a cognitive continuum. SIGNIFICANCE MEG provide different neurophysiological profiles between SMC and control subjects.
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Complexity analysis of spontaneous brain activity in Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment: an MEG study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2010; 24:182-9. [PMID: 20505435 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0b013e3181c727f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear analyses have shown that Alzheimer disease (AD) patients' brain activity is characterized by a reduced complexity and connectivity. The aim of this study is to define complexity patterns of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. Whole-head magnetoencephalography recordings were obtained from 18 diagnosed AD patients, 18 MCI patients, and 18 healthy controls during resting conditions. Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) values were calculated. MCI patients exhibited intermediary LZC scores between AD patients and controls. A combination of age and posterior LZC scores allowed ADs-MCIs discrimination with 94.4% sensitivity and specificity, whereas no LZC score allowed MCIs---controls discrimination. AD patients and controls showed a parallel tendency to diminished LZC scores as a function of age, but MCI patients did not exhibit such "normal" tendency. Accordingly, anterior LZC scores allowed MCIs-controls discrimination for subjects below 75 years. MCIs exhibited a qualitatively distinct relationship between aging and complexity reduction, with scores higher than controls in older individuals. This fact might be considered a new example of compensatory mechanism in MCI before fully established dementia.
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Maestú F, Campo P, García-Morales I, del Barrio A, Paul N, del Pozo F, Ortiz T, Gil-Nagel A. Biomagnetic profiles of verbal memory success in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2009; 16:527-33. [PMID: 19818693 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 09/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The risk of cognitive decline after mesial temporal lobe (MTL) resection in the dominant hemisphere for treatment of epilepsy has been assessed with the intracarotid amytal procedure and functional neuroimaging. In this study we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to analyze memory profiles in patients with left hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Biomagnetic brain activity related to successful memory was compared in nine patients with left HS and nine age-matched controls. Patients manifested a higher number of activity sources over the right inferior parietal lobe in the late portion of the time window, and higher activity in the right than in the left MTL between 400 and 800 ms. This was reinforced by a -0.46 MTL laterality index, which indicates right MTL dominance. Controls showed a higher number of dipoles in the left anterior ventral prefrontal region, between 400 and 600 ms, and in the left MTL across the whole time window. Three patients who underwent a left temporal lobectomy, were seizure free, and who did not exhibit memory impairment after left temporal lobectomy, showed no activity in the left MTL presurgically. These results could support the ability of MEG to describe the time-modulated brain activity related to memory success in patients with epilepsy with left HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Maestú
- MEG Center Dr. Pérez Modrego, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Solesio E, Lorenzo-López L, Campo P, López-Frutos JM, Ruiz-Vargas JM, Maestú F. Retroactive interference in normal aging: A magnetoencephalography study. Neurosci Lett 2009; 456:85-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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