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Shetti D, Mallela VR, Ye W, Sharif M, Ambrozkiewicz F, Trailin A, Liška V, Hemminki K. Emerging role of circulating cell-free RNA as a non-invasive biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104391. [PMID: 38795877 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe neoplastic disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. HCC is often detected at advanced stages leading to ineffective curative treatments. Recently, liquid biopsy has emerged as a non-invasive method to identify highly specific HCC biomarkers in bodily fluids such as blood, serum, urine, and saliva. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs), particularly cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cell-free RNA (cfRNA), have become promising candidates for biomarkers in liquid biopsy applications. While cfDNA presented significant challenges, researchers have turned their attention to cfRNA, which can be efficiently identified through various methods and is considered a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. This review primarily focuses on studies related to detecting various cfRNA in body fluids as biomarkers. The aim is to provide a summary of available information to assist researchers in their investigations and the development of new diagnostic and prognostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatrya Shetti
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Venkata Ramana Mallela
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Wenjing Ye
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Mahyar Sharif
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University,Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Trailin
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Liška
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic; Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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Panettieri E, Campisi A, De Rose AM, Mele C, Giuliante F, Vauthey JN, Ardito F. Emerging Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2183. [PMID: 38927889 PMCID: PMC11201456 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver resection is potentially curative. Nevertheless, post-operative recurrence is common, occurring in up to 70% of patients. Factors traditionally recognized to predict recurrence and survival after liver resection for HCC include pathologic factors (i.e., microvascular and capsular invasion) and an increase in alpha-fetoprotein level. During the past decade, many new markers have been reported to correlate with prognosis after resection of HCC: liquid biopsy markers, gene signatures, inflammation markers, and other biomarkers, including PIVKA-II, immune checkpoint molecules, and proteins in urinary exosomes. However, not all of these new markers are readily available in clinical practice, and their reproducibility is unclear. Liquid biopsy is a powerful and established tool for predicting long-term outcomes after resection of HCC; the main limitation of liquid biopsy is represented by the cost related to its technical implementation. Numerous patterns of genetic expression capable of predicting survival after curative-intent hepatectomy for HCC have been identified, but published findings regarding these markers are heterogenous. Inflammation markers in the form of prognostic nutritional index and different blood cell ratios seem more easily reproducible and more affordable on a large scale than other emerging markers. To select the most effective treatment for patients with HCC, it is crucial that the scientific community validate new predictive markers for recurrence and survival after resection that are reliable and widely reproducible. More reports from Western countries are necessary to corroborate the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Panettieri
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Andrea Campisi
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Agostino M. De Rose
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Mele
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
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Haque S, Bhushan Raman R, Salam M. Role of Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Disease Progression. LIVER CANCER - GENESIS, PROGRESSION AND METASTASIS 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.105856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the third leading and common lethal cancers worldwide. Early detection of tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma is through ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans; however, these methods are not up to the mark, so a search for an efficient biomarker for early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocarcinogenesis is important. Proteomic and genomic approaches aid to develop new promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC at the early stages. These biomarkers not only help in prognosis but also provide better therapeutic intervention against HCC. Among the different biomarker candidates, liquid biopsy [including circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)] has recently emerged as a noninvasive detection technique for the characterization of circulating cells, providing a strong basis and early diagnosis for the individualized treatment of patients. This review provides the current understanding of HCC biomarkers that predict the risk of HCC recurrence.
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Bosi C, Rimini M, Casadei-Gardini A. Understanding the causes of recurrent HCC after liver resection and radiofrequency ablation. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:503-515. [PMID: 37060290 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2203387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation are preferred options for early-stage disease, with 5-year recurrence rates as high as 70% when patients are treated according to guidelines. With increasing availability of therapeutic options, including but not limited to, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antiangiogenics, and adoptive cell therapies, understanding the causes of recurrence and identifying its predictors should be priorities in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) research agenda. AREAS COVERED Current knowledge of HCC predictors of recurrence is reviewed, and recent insights about its underlying mechanisms are presented. In addition, results from recent clinical trials investigating treatment combinations are critically appraised. EXPERT OPINION HCC recurrence is either due to progressive growth of microscopic residual disease, or to de novo cancer development in the context of a diseased liver, each occurring in an early (<2years) vs. late (≥2 years) fashion. Collectively, morphological, proteomic, and transcriptomic data suggest vascular invasion and angiogenesis as key drivers of HCC recurrence. Agents aimed at blocking either of these two hallmarks should be prioritized at the moment of early-stage HCC clinical trial design. Emerging results from clinical trials testing ICI in early-stage HCC underscore the importance of defining the best treatment sequence and the most appropriate combination strategies. Lastly, as different responses to systemic therapies are increasingly defined according to the HCC etiology, patient enrolment into clinical trials should take into account the biological characteristics of their inherent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bosi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Margherita Rimini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, 20132, Italy
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Shehab-Eldeen S, Metwaly MF, Saber SM, El-Kousy SM, Badr EAE, Essa A. MicroRNA-29a and MicroRNA-124 as novel biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:283-290. [PMID: 35525722 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been observed to be abnormally expressed in cancer. Therefore, miRNA signatures could be potential noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIMS To correlate miRNA-29a and miRNA-124 expression levels with the clinical features and survival rates of HCC patients. METHODS Serum miRNA expression in 150 samples (50 patients with HCC, 50 patients with liver cirrhosis, and 50 healthy controls) were quantified using real-time qRT-PCR. RESULTS The expression levels of serum miRNA-29a were higher and the levels of miRNA-124 were lower in patients with HCC than in patients with liver cirrhosis and controls. ROC curve analysis showed promising accuracy for both miRNAs in distinguishing patients with HCC from those with liver cirrhosis. Levels of miRNA-29a were related to tumor number, size, stage, and outcome, whereas levels of miRNA-124 were related to vascular invasion. The overall survival rate of patients with low miRNA-29a expression was significantly higher than that of patients with high expression. Additionally, the multivariate analysis identified miRNA-29a as an independent prognostic variable. CONCLUSIONS The investigated miRNAs showed acceptable accuracy in the diagnosis of HCC; therefore, both could be utilized as diagnostic biomarkers. Additionally, miRNA-29a could be used as a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaia Shehab-Eldeen
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt; Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed F Metwaly
- Chemist at Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt
| | - Safa M Saber
- Chemist at Clinical Laboratory Department, Student hospital, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt
| | - Salah M El-Kousy
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt
| | - Eman A E Badr
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Essa
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt; Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Sarangi R, Mishra S, Das S, Mishra A. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and MicroRNAs: A Weighty Consideration. BIOMEDICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH JOURNAL (BBRJ) 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_319_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Grisetti L, Võ NVT, Nguyễn NNQ, Crocè LS, Visintin A, Tiribelli C, Pascut D. MiR-3201 as a Prognostic Blood Biomarker for Curative Treatments in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221132924. [PMID: 36537076 PMCID: PMC9772976 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221132924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatic resection, radiofrequency ablation (RF), and liver transplantation (LT) represent the only available curative treatments for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Various studies showed that the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate reaches ∼70% after resection and ∼60% after RF. Objective: To improve the success rate of curative therapies and consequently the OS, an improvement in patients' selection and management should be pursued. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) can be helpful prognostic biomarkers. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, a miRNA array profiling was performed on 34 HCC blood samples which is collected before therapy (T0), 1 month (T1), and 6 months (T2) after curative treatments (resection and RF) to identify noninvasive biomarker candidates for therapy response and OS. MiRNAs were validated in 80 blood HCC samples using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Patients were divided into complete responder (CR) and partial responder and progressive disease (PRPD). Results: Among the selected miRNAs, miR-3201 is significantly associated with treatment response in the validation phase, showing a 23% reduction (P = .026) in CR compared to PRPD. MiR-3201 was able to distinguish CR from PRPD (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.69, 71% sensitivity, 70% specificity, P = .0036). Furthermore, lower levels of miR-3201 were associated with longer OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.61, P = .0006). Conclusions: Blood miR-3201 could be used as a prognostic biomarker for curative therapy response and OS in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Grisetti
- Department of Liver Cancer, Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Liver Research Center, Trieste, Basovizza, Italy,Department of life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, TS, Italy
| | - Niệm Văn Thành Võ
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Như Nhật Quỳnh Nguyễn
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lory Saveria Crocè
- Department of Liver Cancer, Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Liver Research Center, Trieste, Basovizza, Italy,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy,Clinica Patologie Fegato, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessia Visintin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy,Clinica Patologie Fegato, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Department of Liver Cancer, Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Liver Research Center, Trieste, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Devis Pascut
- Department of Liver Cancer, Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Liver Research Center, Trieste, Basovizza, Italy,Devis Pascut, Liver Research Center, Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS Trieste, Basovizza, 34149, Italy.
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Schlosser S, Tümen D, Volz B, Neumeyer K, Egler N, Kunst C, Tews HC, Schmid S, Kandulski A, Müller M, Gülow K. HCC biomarkers - state of the old and outlook to future promising biomarkers and their potential in everyday clinical practice. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016952. [PMID: 36518320 PMCID: PMC9742592 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly tumors worldwide. Management of HCC depends on reliable biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of the disease, as well as predicting response towards therapy and safety. To date, imaging has been the established standard technique in the diagnosis and follow-up of HCC. However, imaging techniques have their limitations, especially in the early detection of HCC. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reliable, non/minimal invasive biomarkers. To date, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the only serum biomarker used in clinical practice for the management of HCC. However, AFP is of relatively rather low quality in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Liquid biopsies as a source for biomarkers have become the focus of clinical research. Our review highlights alternative biomarkers derived from liquid biopsies, including circulating tumor cells, proteins, circulating nucleic acids, and exosomes, and their potential for clinical application. Using defined combinations of different biomarkers will open new perspectives for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karsten Gülow
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Choi EJ, Kim YJ. Liquid biopsy for early detection and therapeutic monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF LIVER CANCER 2022; 22:103-114. [PMID: 37383403 PMCID: PMC10035729 DOI: 10.17998/jlc.2022.09.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have enabled significant progress in the detection and therapeutic prediction of HCC. As a non-invasive alternative to tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy examines circulating cellular components such as exosomes, nucleic acids, and cell-free DNA found in body fluids (e.g., urine, saliva, ascites, and pleural effusions) and provides information about tumor characteristics. Technical advances in liquid biopsy have led to the increasing adoption of diagnostic and monitoring applications for HCC. This review summarizes the various analytes, ongoing clinical trials, and case studies of United States Food and Drug Administrationapproved in vitro diagnostic applications for liquid biopsy, and provides insight into its implementation in managing HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Joon Kim
- LepiDyne Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Yu B, Zhou S, Liang H, Ye Q, Wang Y. Development and Validation of a Novel Circulating miRNA-Based Diagnostic Score for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:2283-2292. [PMID: 33982217 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rise of liquid biopsy in oncology, circulating miRNAs have become one of the most promising noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, a reliable HCC-related circulating miRNA panel and corresponding diagnostic model remain to be explored. METHODS Five large public datasets related to intact miRNA profiles in the serum or tumors of HCC patients were included and divided into training cohorts (GSE113740 and TCGA-LIHC) and validation cohorts (GSE112264, GSE113486 and GSE106817). Compared with non-cancer controls and high-risk patients, key miRNAs dysregulated in both the serum and tumors of HCC patients were identified by differential expression analysis and overlapping analysis. The corresponding diagnostic model was constructed by LASSO logistic regression and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves and a nomogram with calibration plot. RESULTS A distinctive panel of HCC-related circulating miRNAs, including three upregulated miRNAs (miR-184, miR-532-5p, miR-221-3p) and three downregulated miRNAs (miR-5589-5p, let-7b-3p, miR-26b-3p), were rigorously screened out, all of which displayed significant discriminability between HCC patients and controls (all P < 0.05). In addition, a reliable six-circulating miRNA-based diagnostic score was constructed and displayed robust diagnostic ability for HCC (particularly for early-stage HCC) (AUC = 0.9535, P < 0.05) compared with that of the serum α-fetoprotein test. Importantly, its efficacy was sufficiently validated in three independent datasets (AUC = 0.9780/0.9961/0.9681, all P < 0.05). Furthermore, a visual nomogram based on the diagnostic score was correspondingly established to strengthen its clinical applicability. CONCLUSION The six-circulating miRNA-based diagnostic score may be a reliable noninvasive biomarker for early-stage HCC screening and dynamic monitoring of postoperative recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Zhou
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China.,The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China.
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Role of circulating microRNAs to predict hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in patients treated with radiofrequency ablation or surgery. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:244-254. [PMID: 34366240 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.06.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loco-regional treatments have improved the survival of patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but tumor relapse is a frequent event and survival rates remain low. Moreover, conflicting evidences address early HCC patients to surgery or radiofrequency ablation (RFA), with the clinical need to find predictive non-invasive biomarkers able to guide treatment choice and define patients survival. METHODS Two independent case series of treatment-naïve HCC patients treated with local RFA, and a cohort of 30 HCC patients treated with liver surgery were enrolled. On the basis of literature evidence, we customized a panel of 21 miRNAs correlated with relapse and prognosis after local curative treatment of HCC. RESULTS Expression levels of let-7c predict tumor relapse after RFA; we also investigated the same panel in a small cohort of HCC patients undergoing surgery, finding no statistically significance in predicting tumor relapse or survival. Moreover, interaction test indicated that let-7c expression levels are predictive for identifying a subset of patients that should be addressed to surgery. CONCLUSION Results from this study could predict prognosis of early HCC patients, helping to address early HCC patients to surgery or RFA treatment.
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Maravelia P, Silva DN, Rovesti G, Chrobok M, Stål P, Lu YC, Pasetto A. Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Opportunities and Challenges for Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4334. [PMID: 34503144 PMCID: PMC8431414 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancer types worldwide. HCC is often diagnosed at a late stage when the therapeutic options are very limited. However, even at the earlier stages, the best treatment is liver transplantation, surgical resection or ablation. Surgical resection and ablation may carry a high risk of tumor recurrence. The recent introduction of immunotherapies resulted in clinical responses for a subgroup of patients, but there were still no effective predictive markers for response to immunotherapy or for recurrence after surgical therapy. The identification of biomarkers that could correlate and predict response or recurrence would require close monitoring of the patients throughout and after the completion of treatment. However, this would not be performed efficiently by repeated and invasive tissue biopsies. A better approach would be to use liquid biopsies including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating RNA (e.g., microRNAs), circulating tumor cells (CTC) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) (e.g., exosomes) for disease monitoring in a non-invasive manner. In this review, we discuss the currently available technology that can enable the use of liquid biopsy as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. Moreover, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of the clinical application of liquid biopsy for immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Maravelia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.N.S.); (G.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Nascimento Silva
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.N.S.); (G.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Giulia Rovesti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.N.S.); (G.R.); (M.C.)
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Michael Chrobok
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.N.S.); (G.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Per Stål
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine/Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Upper GI Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Yong-Chen Lu
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Anna Pasetto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (D.N.S.); (G.R.); (M.C.)
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Ohtsuka M, Iwamoto K, Naito A, Imasato M, Hyuga S, Nakahara Y, Mikamori M, Furukawa K, Moon J, Asaoka T, Kishi K, Shamma A, Akamatsu H, Mizushima T, Yamamoto H. Circulating MicroRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133348. [PMID: 34283058 PMCID: PMC8267753 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The screening methods and therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) have improved, but mortality in GIC patients remains high. Early detection and precise evaluation of GIC are required to further improve treatment outcomes in GIC patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which do not encode proteins, have attracted attention as biomarkers of various diseases. Since the first report revealing the strong correlation between miRNAs and cancer in 2002, numerous studies have illustrated the changes in the expression and the biological and oncological effects of miRNAs in GIC. Furthermore, miRNAs circulating in the blood are reported to be associated with GIC status. These miRNAs are thought to be useful as noninvasive biomarkers because of their stability in blood. Herein, we discuss the potential of miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers for each type of GIC on the basis of previous reports and describe perspectives for their future application. Abstract Gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) is a common disease and is considered to be the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide; thus, new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for GIC are urgently required. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNAs that are transcribed from the genome but do not encode proteins. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ncRNAs that are reported to function as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Moreover, several miRNA-based drugs are currently proceeding to clinical trials for various diseases, including cancer. In recent years, the stability of circulating miRNAs in blood has been demonstrated. This is of interest because these miRNAs could be potential noninvasive biomarkers of cancer. In this review, we focus on circulating miRNAs associated with GIC and discuss their potential as novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahisa Ohtsuka
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 1-7, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (A.S.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6771-6051; Fax: +81-6-6771-2838
| | - Kazuya Iwamoto
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Atsushi Naito
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Mitsunobu Imasato
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Satoshi Hyuga
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Yujiro Nakahara
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Manabu Mikamori
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Kenta Furukawa
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Jeongho Moon
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Tadafumi Asaoka
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Kentaro Kishi
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Awad Shamma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 1-7, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (A.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Akamatsu
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, 10-31 Kitayama-cho, Tennouji-ku, Osaka 543-0035, Japan; (K.I.); (A.N.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.N.); (M.M.); (K.F.); (J.M.); (T.A.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 1-7, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (A.S.); (H.Y.)
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Pelizzaro F, Cardin R, Penzo B, Pinto E, Vitale A, Cillo U, Russo FP, Farinati F. Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Where Are We Now? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2274. [PMID: 34068786 PMCID: PMC8126224 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related death worldwide. Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed in order to improve patient survival. Indeed, the most widely used biomarkers, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), have limited accuracy as both diagnostic and prognostic tests. Liver biopsy provides an insight on the biology of the tumor, but it is an invasive procedure, not routinely used, and not representative of the whole neoplasia due to the demonstrated intra-tumoral heterogeneity. In recent years, liquid biopsy, defined as the molecular analysis of cancer by-products, released by the tumor in the bloodstream, emerged as an appealing source of new biomarkers. Several studies focused on evaluating extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA and non-coding RNA as novel reliable biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview on the most relevant available evidence on novel circulating biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and therapeutic monitoring. Liquid biopsy seems to be a very promising instrument and, in the near future, some of these new non-invasive tools will probably change the clinical management of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Pelizzaro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (F.P.); (R.C.); (B.P.); (E.P.); (F.P.R.)
| | - Romilda Cardin
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (F.P.); (R.C.); (B.P.); (E.P.); (F.P.R.)
| | - Barbara Penzo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (F.P.); (R.C.); (B.P.); (E.P.); (F.P.R.)
| | - Elisa Pinto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (F.P.); (R.C.); (B.P.); (E.P.); (F.P.R.)
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (A.V.); (U.C.)
| | - Umberto Cillo
- Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (A.V.); (U.C.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (F.P.); (R.C.); (B.P.); (E.P.); (F.P.R.)
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (F.P.); (R.C.); (B.P.); (E.P.); (F.P.R.)
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15
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Lin YM, Taiji R, Calandri M, Odisio BC. Tumor Biomarkers and Interventional Oncology: Impact on Local Outcomes for Liver and Lung Malignancy. Curr Oncol Rep 2021; 23:67. [PMID: 33855606 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-021-01056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Interventional oncology (IO) loco-regional treatments are widely utilized in clinical practice. However, local tumor control rates are still widely variable. There is a need to identify and develop novel biomarkers prognosticators following IO therapies. Here, we review the current literature on molecular tumor biomarkers in IO, mainly focusing on patients with liver and lung cancers. RECENT FINDINGS RAS mutation is a prognosticator for patients with colorectal liver metastases. Several promising serum metabolites, gene signatures, circulating tumor nucleotides, and peptides are being evaluated for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Ki-67 and RAS mutation are independent risk factors for local tumor progression in the ablation of lung cancer. The relevant interplay between specific tumor biomarkers and IO loco-regional therapies outcomes has brought a new vision in the management of cancer. Further evolution of personalized interventional oncology accordingly to tumor biomarkers should improve oncologic outcomes for patients receiving IO therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Mao Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St. FCT 14.5084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ryosuke Taiji
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St. FCT 14.5084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Marco Calandri
- Radiology Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital - Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Bruno C Odisio
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St. FCT 14.5084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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16
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New Insights into the Role of miR-29a in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications in Mechanisms and Theragnostics. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030219. [PMID: 33803804 PMCID: PMC8003318 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most lethal human cancer globally. For advanced HCC, curable plan for advanced HCC is yet to be established, and the prognosis remains poor. The detail mechanisms underlying the progression of HCC tumorigenicity and the corruption of tumor microenvironment (TME) is complex and inconclusive. A growing body of studies demonstrate microRNAs (miRs) are important regulators in the tumorigenicity and TME development. Notably, mounting evidences indicate miR-29a play a crucial role in exerting hepatoprotective effect on various types of stress and involved in the progression of HCC, which elucidates their potential theragnostic implications. In this review, we reviewed the advanced insights into the detail mechanisms by which miR-29a dictates carcinogenesis, epigenetic program, and metabolic adaptation, and implicated in the sponging activity of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) and the TME components in the scenario of HCC. Furthermore, we highlighted its clinical significance in diagnosis and prognosis, as well as the emerging therapeutics centered on the activation of miR-29a.
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17
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Song T, Li L, Wu S, Liu Y, Guo C, Wang W, Dai L, Zhang T, Wu H, Su B. Peripheral Blood Genetic Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:583714. [PMID: 33777736 PMCID: PMC7991745 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.583714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and has high mortality. Biomarkers related to HCC, such as alpha-fetoprotein, and imaging technology, such as ultrasound and computed tomography, have been used to screen and monitor HCC, but HCC is still difficult to diagnose effectively in the early stage due to the low sensitivity of the above mentioned traditional methods. There is an urgent need for noninvasive biomarkers to facilitate the screening and early diagnosis of HCC. With the advancement of next-generation sequencing, genetic biomarkers are becoming the core of cancer diagnosis. Genetic biomarkers such as peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and exosomes have become the focus of early HCC diagnostics. HCC genetic biomarkers have been implemented in clinical practice. In this review, we describe the available literature on peripheral blood genetic biomarkers in the diagnosis of early HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Center of Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Caiping Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing, China
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18
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Circulating miR-21, miR-29a, and miR-126 are associated with premature death risk due to cancer and cardiovascular disease: the JACC Study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5298. [PMID: 33674633 PMCID: PMC7935984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary prevention of premature death is a public health concern worldwide. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as potential diagnostic biomarkers for diseases as cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This case-cohort study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between circulating miRNAs and the risk of premature death. A total of 39,242 subjects provided baseline serum samples in 1988–1990. Of these, 345 subjects who died of intrinsic disease (< 65 years old) and for which measurable samples were available were included in this study. We randomly selected a sub-cohort of 879 subjects. Circulatring miR-21, miR-29a, and miR-126 were determined using qRT-PCR. Conditional logistic regression models were used to analyse the data with respect to stratified miRNA levels. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that subjects with high circulating miR-21 and miR-29a individual levels had a significantly higher risk of total death, cancer death, and CVD death than those with medium miR-21 and miR-29a individual levels. Conversely, subjects with low circulating miR-126 levels had a significantly higher risk of total death than those with medium levels. This suggests that circulating miRNAs are associated with the risk of premature death from cancer and CVD, identifying them as potential biomarkers for early detection of high-risk individuals.
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Labgaa I, Villanueva A, Dormond O, Demartines N, Melloul E. The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognostication. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040659. [PMID: 33562173 PMCID: PMC7914891 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancer. Clinical guidelines for the management of HCC endorse algorithms deriving from clinical variables whose performances to prognosticate HCC is limited. Liquid biopsy is the molecular analysis of tumor by-products released into the bloodstream. It offers minimally-invasive access to circulating analytes like DNA, RNA, exosomes and cells. This technology demonstrated promising results for various applications in cancers, including prognostication. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the contribution of liquid biopsy in HCC prognostication. The results suggested that liquid biopsy may be a polyvalent and valuable tool to prognosticate HCC. Abstract Showing a steadily increasing cancer-related mortality, the epidemiological evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is concerning. Numerous strategies have attempted to prognosticate HCC but their performance is modest; this is partially due to the heterogeneous biology of this cancer. Current clinical guidelines endorse classifications and scores that use clinical variables, such as the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification. These algorithms are unlikely to fully recapitulate the genomic complexity of HCC. Integrating molecular readouts on a patient-basis, following a precision-medicine perspective, might be an option to refine prognostic systems. The limited access to HCC tissue samples is an important limitation to these approaches but it could be partially circumvented by using liquid biopsy. This concept consists of the molecular analysis of products derived from a solid tumor and released into biological fluids, mostly into the bloodstream. It offers an easy and minimally-invasive access to DNA, RNA, extracellular vesicles and cells that can be analyzed with next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. This review aims to investigate the potential contributions of liquid biopsy in HCC prognostication. The results identified prognostic values for each of the components of liquid biopsy, suggesting that this technology may help refine HCC prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Labgaa
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (I.L.); (O.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Division of Liver Diseases, Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Olivier Dormond
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (I.L.); (O.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Nicolas Demartines
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (I.L.); (O.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emmanuel Melloul
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (I.L.); (O.D.); (E.M.)
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Franck M, Thon C, Schütte K, Malfertheiner P, Link A. Circulating miR-21-5p level has limited prognostic value in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and is influenced by renal function. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:1031-1045. [PMID: 33312427 PMCID: PMC7701966 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested as biomarkers for malignant diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Specifically, hsa-miR-21-5p (miR-21) is among the most frequently deregulated miRNA in cancer. The diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-21 has been demonstrated in HCC tissue, mostly in the Asian population. Although the impact of various factors has been recently reported for circulating hsa-miR-122-5p (miR-122), at present only limited knowledge is available for miR-21.
AIM To evaluate the value of miR-21 for the assessment of prognosis in HCC patients and to delineate the influence of clinical and preanalytical factors on miR-21 level in sera.
METHODS Patients with confirmed HCC from our European cohort with predominantly alcohol-associated liver damage were included in the study. All subjects were characterized according to their clinical and laboratory work-up and overall survival data were obtained. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for miR-21 and spiked-in cel-miR-39-3p. The results were compared to previously reported miR-122 data.
RESULTS Survival of HCC patients was comparable between patients with low and high serum miR-21 concentration. No association was observed between miR-21 level in sera and Child-Pugh score, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system, or etiology of HCC/liver disease. Age, gender, or pretreatment had no association with miR-21 level. A positive correlation was observed between miR-21 and aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.2854, P = 0.0061), serum miR-122 (r = 0.2624, P = 0.0120), and the International Normalized Ratio (r = 0.2065, P = 0.0496). Negative correlation of miR-21 with serum creatinine (r = -0.2215, P = 0.0348) suggests renal function as a potential influencing factor in miR-21 biogenesis in blood.
CONCLUSION The results from this work do not support clinically relevant prognostic value of circulating miR-21 in HCC patients in real-life settings. Following systematic evaluation, we identified renal function and aspartate aminotransferase as potential factors that may affect miR-21 concentration in blood. This knowledge should be considered in future miRNA-based biomarker studies not only for HCC but also for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Franck
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Cosima Thon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schütte
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Niels-Stensen-Kliniken Marienhospital, Osnabrück 49074, Germany
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
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21
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Hu YY, Jiang GB, Song YF, Zhan AL, Deng C, Niu YM, Zhou L, Duan QW. Association between the pri-miR-26a-1 rs7372209 C>T polymorphism and cancer susceptibility: multivariate analysis and trial sequential analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19060-19072. [PMID: 33052138 PMCID: PMC7732283 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
MiR-26 has been suggested to play a tumor-suppressive role in cancer development, which could be influenced by the mutate pri-miR-26ª-1. Molecular epidemiological studies have demonstrated some inconsistent associations between pri-miR-26ª-1 rs7372209 C>T polymorphism and cancer risk. We therefore performed this meta-analysis with multivariate statistic method to comprehensively evaluate the associations between rs7372209 C>T polymorphism and cancer risk. Eleven publications involving 6,709 patients and 6,514 controls were identified. Multivariate analysis indicated that the over-dominant genetic model was most likely. Pooled results indicated no significant association in the overall population (CC+TT vs. CT: OR=1.08, 95%CI=0.96-1.22, P=0.20, I2=54.4%), as well as the subgroup analysis according to ethnicity, control source, tumor locations, and HWE status of controls. In addition, heterogeneity, accumulative, sensitivity analysis, publication bias and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were conducted to test the statistical power. Overall, our results indicated that the pri-miR-26a-1 rs7372209 C>T polymorphism may not be a potential risk for cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Guang-Bin Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou Central Hospital, Suizhou 441300, China
| | - Ya-Feng Song
- The Personnel Section, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China,Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ai-Ling Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shanghai Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Cai Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yu-Ming Niu
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China,Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Qi-Wen Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
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22
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Cho HJ, Baek GO, Seo CW, Ahn HR, Sung S, Son JA, Kim SS, Cho SW, Jang JW, Nam SW, Cheong JY, Eun JW. Exosomal microRNA-4661-5p-based serum panel as a potential diagnostic biomarker for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:5459-5472. [PMID: 32537885 PMCID: PMC7402848 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, a reliable serum biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been established, particularly for early-stage HCC (single tumor < 2 cm). We aimed to investigate diagnostic serum exosomal microRNA (exo-miR) panel for early-stage HCC. Driver oncogenic miR (onco-miR) candidates were selected by integrative analysis of miR expression profiles from three different RNA sequencing datasets of human HCC. Expressions of selected onco-miRs in serum exosome were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Diagnostic performances of serum exo-miRs for HCC were evaluated in the test cohort (N = 24) and validation cohort (N = 144). Serum exo-miR panels were developed using a logistic regression model, and their diagnostic performance was evaluated. Six promising driver onco-miRs, including miR-25-3p, miR-140-3p, miR-423-3p, miR-1269a, miR-4661-5p, and miR-4746-5p, were identified by integrative analysis of three different RNA sequencing datasets. Among the six candidates, four serum exo-miRs (miR-25-3p, miR-1269a, miR-4661-5p, and miR-4746-5p) showed promising performance in the test cohort with area under the receiving operator curve (AUROC) >0.8. In our validation study, serum exo-miR-4661-5p could diagnose HCC in all stages (AUROC = 0.917), even in early stage (AUROC = 0.923), with a greater accuracy than other candidate serum exo-miRs and serum AFP. The panel composed of exo-miR-4661-5p and exo-miR-4746-5p was identified as the most accurate biomarker for early-stage HCC (AUROC = 0.947, 95% confidence interval = 0.889-0.980, sensitivity = 81.8%, and specificity = 91.7%). In conclusion, exo-miR-4661-5p-based serum panel is a promising diagnostic marker for early-stage HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Cho
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Geum Ok Baek
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Chul Won Seo
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAjou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Hye Ri Ahn
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAjou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Suna Sung
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAjou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Ju A Son
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Soon Sun Kim
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Sung Won Cho
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Jeong Won Jang
- Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
- Liver Cirrhosis Clinical Research CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Suk Woo Nam
- Department of PathologyCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research CenterThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health SciencesGraduate School of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
| | - Jung Woo Eun
- Department of GastroenterologyAjou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea
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23
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Xu J, An P, Winkler CA, Yu Y. Dysregulated microRNAs in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1271. [PMID: 32850386 PMCID: PMC7399632 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that can function as gene regulators and are involved in tumorigenesis. We review the commonly dysregulated miRNAs in liver tumor tissues and plasma/serum of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The frequently reported up-regulated miRNAs in liver tumor tissues include miR-18a, miR-21, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-224, whereas down-regulated miRNAs include miR-26a, miR-101, miR-122, miR-125b, miR-145, miR-199a, miR-199b, miR-200a, and miR-223. For a subset of these miRNAs (up-regulated miR-222 and miR-224, down-regulated miR-26a and miR-125b), the pattern of dysregulated circulating miRNAs in plasma/serum is mirrored in tumor tissue based on multiple independent studies. Dysregulated miRNAs target oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. Normalization of dysregulated miRNAs by up- or down-regulation has been shown to inhibit HCC cell proliferation or sensitize liver cancer cells to chemotherapeutic treatment. miRNAs hold as yet unrealized potential as biomarkers for early detection of HCC and as precision therapeutic targets, but further studies in diverse populations and across all stages of HCC are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghang Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Ping An
- Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Cheryl A. Winkler
- Basic Research Laboratory, Molecular Genetic Epidemiology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Liver Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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24
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Mocan T, Simão AL, Castro RE, Rodrigues CMP, Słomka A, Wang B, Strassburg C, Wöhler A, Willms AG, Kornek M. Liquid Biopsies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Are We Winning? J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051541. [PMID: 32443747 PMCID: PMC7291267 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. One of the major problems faced by researchers and clinicians in this area is the lack of reliable disease biomarkers, which would allow for an earlier diagnosis, follow-up or prediction of treatment response, among others. In this regard, the “HCC circulome”, defined as the pool of circulating molecules in the bloodstream derived from the primary tumor, represents an appealing target, the so called liquid biopsy. Such molecules encompass circulating tumor proteins, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), and circulating tumor nucleic acids, namely circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA). In this article, we summarize recent findings highlighting the promising role of liquid biopsies as novel potential biomarkers in HCC, emphasizing on its clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Mocan
- Octavian Fodor Institute for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Iuliu Haţieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - André L. Simão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.S.); (R.E.C.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Rui E. Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.S.); (R.E.C.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.S.); (R.E.C.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Bingduo Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (B.W.); (C.S.)
| | - Christian Strassburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (B.W.); (C.S.)
| | - Aliona Wöhler
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital Koblenz, 56072 Koblenz, Germany; (A.W.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Arnulf G. Willms
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital Koblenz, 56072 Koblenz, Germany; (A.W.); (A.G.W.)
| | - Miroslaw Kornek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (B.W.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in NAFLD: Highlight of MicroRNA-29a in Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Beyond. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041041. [PMID: 32331364 PMCID: PMC7226429 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of chronic liver disease and ranges from steatosis to steatohepatitis and to liver fibrosis. Lipotoxicity in hepatocytes, elevated oxidative stress and the activation of proinflammatory mediators of Kupffer cells, and fibrogenic pathways of activated hepatic stellate cells can contribute to the development of NAFLD. MicroRNAs (miRs) play a crucial role in the dysregulated metabolism and inflammatory signaling connected with NAFLD and its progression towards more severe stages. Of note, the protective effect of non-coding miR-29a on liver damage and its versatile action on epigenetic activity, mitochondrial homeostasis and immunomodulation may improve our perception of the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Herein, we review the biological functions of critical miRs in NAFLD, as well as highlight the emerging role of miR-29a in therapeutic application and the recent advances in molecular mechanisms underlying its liver protective effect.
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26
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Sohel MMH. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Life Sci 2020; 248:117473. [PMID: 32114007 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of tiny molecules of 18-22 nucleotide long noncoding RNA that regulate the post-transcriptional gene expression through translational inhibition and/or mRNA destabilization. Because of their involvement in important developmental processes, it is highly likely that the altered expression of miRNAs could be associated with abnormal conditions like suboptimal growth or diseases. Thus, the expression of miRNAs can be used as biomarkers in pathophysiological conditions. Recently, a handful of miRNAs are detected in cell-free conditions including biofluids and cell culture media and they exhibit specific expression patterns that are associated with altered physiological conditions. Extracellular miRNAs are not only extremely stable outside cells in a variety of biofluids but also they are easy to acquire. These characteristics led to the idea of using extracellular miRNAs as a potential biomarker for the onset and prognosis of cancer. Although miRNAs have been proposed as a potential diagnostic tool for cancer detection, their application in the routine clinical investigation is yet to come. First, this review will provide an insight into the extracellular miRNAs, particularly, their release mechanisms and characteristics, and the potential of extracellular miRNAs as a biomarker in cancer detection. Finally, it will discuss the potential of using extracellular miRNAs in different cancer diagnoses and challenges associated with the clinical application of extracellular miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmodul Hasan Sohel
- Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey.
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27
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Casadei-Gardini A, Orsi G, Caputo F, Ercolani G. Developments in predictive biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:63-74. [PMID: 31910040 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1712198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumor of the liver and the third largest cause of cancer-relateddeaths worldwide. Potentially curative treatments (surgical resection, radiofrequency or liver transplantation) are only available for few patients, while transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or systemic agents are the best treatments for intermediate and advanced stage disease. The identification of markers that allow us to choose the best treatment for the patient is urgent.Areas covered: In this review we summarize the potential biological markers to predict the efficacy of all treatment available in patients with HCC and discuss anew biomarker with ahigher potential of success in the next future.Expert opinion: HCC is aheterogeneous disease. Tumors are heterogeneous in terms of genetic alteration,with spatial heterogeneity in cellular density, necrosis and angiogenesis.This heterogeneity may affect prognosis and treatment. Tumor heterogeneity can be difficult to quantify with traditional imaging due to subjective assessment of images; the same for sampling biopsy, which evaluates only asmall part of the tumor. We think that combining multi-OMICSwith radiomics represents apromising strategy for evaluating tumor heterogenicity and for identifying biomarkers of response and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Orsi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Caputo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncology Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forli, Italy.,Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences-DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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28
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Linck-Paulus L, Hellerbrand C, Bosserhoff AK, Dietrich P. Dissimilar Appearances Are Deceptive-Common microRNAs and Therapeutic Strategies in Liver Cancer and Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:E114. [PMID: 31906510 PMCID: PMC7017070 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs as therapeutic targets in two cancer types that were frequently described to be driven by miRNAs-melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By focusing on common microRNAs and associated pathways in these-at first sight-dissimilar cancer types, we aim at revealing similar molecular mechanisms that are evolved in microRNA-biology to drive cancer progression. Thereby, we also want to outlay potential novel therapeutic strategies. After providing a brief introduction to general miRNA biology and basic information about HCC and melanoma, this review depicts prominent examples of potent oncomiRs and tumor-suppressor miRNAs, which have been proven to drive diverse cancer types including melanoma and HCC. To develop and apply miRNA-based therapeutics for cancer treatment in the future, it is essential to understand how miRNA dysregulation evolves during malignant transformation. Therefore, we highlight important aspects such as genetic alterations, miRNA editing and transcriptional regulation based on concrete examples. Furthermore, we expand our illustration by focusing on miRNA-associated proteins as well as other regulators of miRNAs which could also provide therapeutic targets. Finally, design and delivery strategies of miRNA-associated therapeutic agents as well as potential drawbacks are discussed to address the question of how miRNAs might contribute to cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Linck-Paulus
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja K. Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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29
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Xu Y, Wang H, Gao W. MiRNA-610 acts as a tumour suppressor to depress the cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through targeted silencing of hepatoma-derived growth factor. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1394-1401. [PMID: 33224339 PMCID: PMC7667417 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.87938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic malignancy is one of the most common malignant neoplasms around the globe, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type. In this study, the roles and mechanisms of MiRNA-610 in the chemo resistance of HCC will be discussed. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of MiRNA-610 and hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) in HCC tissues and cell line was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The proliferation and chemo resistance were analysed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis rate. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the correlation between MiRNA-610 and HDGF. HDGF protein expression was detected by Western blot. RESULTS Our study confirmed the low-expression of MiRNA-610 in HCC tissues and cell line. Its low expression was related to high T stages and poor differentiation of HCC, and was a prognostic factor for HCC. MiRNA-610 upregulation inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. MiRNA-610 enhancement decreased the half maximal inhibitory concentration for cisplatin (DDP) and depressed the DDP resistance in HepG2 cells. The specific correlation between MiRNA-610 and HDGF was tested by luciferase reporter assay and western blot. The transfection with HDGF expression vector up-regulated the expression of HDGF protein silenced by MiRNA-610 enhancement. HDGF overexpression was found to reverse partly the regulatory roles of MiRNA-610 on malignancy and DDP resistance. CONCLUSIONS MiRNA-610 not only played a tumour suppressor role in HCC but also affected chemo resistance to DDP. This role is mainly mediated through targeted silencing of the HDGF gene, which may offer a new potential therapeutic target and improve the clinical therapeutic effect for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Xu
- Department of The Twelfth General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Helin Wang
- Department of The Twelfth General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weike Gao
- Department of The Twelfth General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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30
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miR-26a prevents neural stem cells from apoptosis via β-catenin signaling pathway in cardiac arrest-induced brain damage. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181635. [PMID: 30992390 PMCID: PMC6522814 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation is one of the most promising strategies for the treatment of CA-induced brain damage. The transplanted NSCs could differentiate into new neuron and replace the damaged one. However, the poor survival of NSCs in severe hypoxic condition is the limiting step to make the best use of this kind of therapy. In the present study, we investigated whether the overexpression of miR-26a improves the survival of NSCs in hypoxic environment in vitro and in vivo. In vitro hypoxia injury model is established in NSCs by CoCl2 treatment, and in vivo cardiac arrest (CA) model is established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction is used to detect the mRNA level and Western blot is used to examine the protein level of indicated genes. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry are applied to evaluate apoptosis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay is utilized to analyze the target gene of miR-26a. The expression of miR-26a is reduced in both in vitro and in vivo hypoxic model. MiR-26a directly targets 3′-UTR of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), resulting in increased β-catenin expression and decreased apoptosis of NSCs. Overexpression of miR-26a in transplanted NSCs improves the survival of NSCs and neurological function in CA rats. MiR-26a prevents NSCs from apoptosis by activating β-catenin signaling pathway in CA-induced brain damage model. Modulating miR-26a expression could be a potential strategy to attenuate brain damage induced by CA.
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31
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Citores MJ, Lucena JL, de la Fuente S, Cuervas-Mons V. Serum biomarkers and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation. World J Hepatol 2019; 11:50-64. [PMID: 30705718 PMCID: PMC6354126 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) is the only potentially curative treatment for selected patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not candidates for resection. When the Milan criteria are strictly applied, 75% to 85%of 3- to 4-year actuarial survival rates are achieved, but up to 20% of the patients experience HCC recurrence after transplantation. The Milan criteria are based on the preoperative tumor macromorphology, tumor size and number on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging that neither correlate well with posttransplant histological study of the liver explant nor accurately predict HCC recurrence after LT, since they do not include objective measures of tumor biology. Preoperative biological markers, including alpha-fetoprotein, des-gamma-carboxiprothrombin or neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, can predict the risk for HCC recurrence after transplantation. These biomarkers have been proposed as surrogate markers of tumor differentiation and vascular invasion, with varied risk magnitudes depending on the defined cutoffs. Different studies have shown that the combination of one or several biomarkers integrated into prognostic models predict the risk of HCC recurrence after LT more accurately than Milan criteria alone. In this review, we focus on the potential utility of these serum biological markers to improve the performance of Milan criteria to identify patients at high risk of tumoral recurrence after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Citores
- Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda 28222, Spain
| | - Jose L Lucena
- Liver Transplantation Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Majadahonda 28222, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Majadahonda 28222, Spain
| | - Sara de la Fuente
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Majadahonda 28222, Spain
| | - Valentin Cuervas-Mons
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Majadahonda 28222, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28029, Spain
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32
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Sadri Nahand J, Bokharaei-Salim F, Salmaninejad A, Nesaei A, Mohajeri F, Moshtzan A, Tabibzadeh A, Karimzadeh M, Moghoofei M, Marjani A, Yaghoubi S, Keyvani H. microRNAs: Key players in virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12188-12225. [PMID: 30536673 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known as one of the major health problems worldwide. Pathological analysis indicated that a variety of risk factors including genetical (i.e., alteration of tumor suppressors and oncogenes) and environmental factors (i.e., viruses) are involved in beginning and development of HCC. The understanding of these risk factors could guide scientists and clinicians to design effective therapeutic options in HCC treatment. Various viruses such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) via targeting several cellular and molecular pathways involved in HCC pathogenesis. Among various cellular and molecular targets, microRNAs (miRNAs) have appeared as key players in HCC progression. miRNAs are short noncoding RNAs which could play important roles as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in several malignancies such as HCC. Deregulation of many miRNAs (i.e., miR-222, miR-25, miR-92a, miR-1, let-7f, and miR-21) could be associated with different stages of HCC. Besides miRNAs, exosomes are other particles which are involved in HCC pathogenesis via targeting different cargos, such as DNAs, RNAs, miRNAs, and proteins. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of miRNAs and exosomes as important players in HCC pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlighted HCV- and HBV-related miRNAs which led to HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nesaei
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohajeri
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Moshtzan
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Tabibzadeh
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arezo Marjani
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shoeleh Yaghoubi
- Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liang Y, Li E, Min J, Gong C, Gao J, Ai J, Liao W, Wu L. miR‑29a suppresses the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through IFITM3. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:3261-3272. [PMID: 30272306 PMCID: PMC6196607 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3, also called 1-8U) gene represents dysregulated expression in various tumors and is involved in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role of IFITM3 and its underlying mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still far from elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous (approximately 22 nucleotides) small noncoding RNAs, can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by repressing protein translation or silencing the expression of target genes that play critical roles in various cancers. miR-29a was identified as being aberrantly expressed in a significant proportion of HCC. However, the correlation between IFITM3 and miR-29a has not been reported to date. In this study, we investigated the expression of IFITM3 in HCC and its effect on the biological behavior of HCC cells as well as the association between IFITM3 and miR-29a. We determined that IFITM3 was upregulated and miR-29a downregulated in HCC tissues and that they were associated with HCC tumor size, tumor multifocal, and venous invasion. The expression of IFITM3 in HCC tissues was negatively correlated with miR-29a expression. Additionally, IFITM3 overexpression and miR-29a nonoverexpression were related to poor prognosis of HCC patients. Knockdown of IFITM3 inhibited migration, invasion, proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells, which are consistent with the effects of upregulated miR-29a. Additionally, after upregulation of IFITM3, the invasion, migration and proliferation abilities of HL-7702 cells were increased, but the apoptosis rate was decreased. Furthermore, using a Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay, we identified IFITM3 as a new functional target gene of miR-29a. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis features of HCC cells could be regulated by miR-29a via IFITM3. Thus, the present study indicated that miR-29a and IFITM3 play critical roles in the development and progression of HCC, revealing that miR-29a and IFITM3 may be novel potential therapeutic targets for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Enliang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Min
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chengwu Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiyuan Ai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Linquan Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Canale M, Ulivi P, Foschi FG, Scarpi E, De Matteis S, Donati G, Ercolani G, Scartozzi M, Faloppi L, Passardi A, Tamburini E, Valgiusti M, Marisi G, Frassineti GL, Casadei Gardini A. Clinical and circulating biomarkers of survival and recurrence after radiofrequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 129:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Jones KR, Nabinger SC, Lee S, Sahu SS, Althouse S, Saxena R, Johnson MS, Chalasani N, Gawrieh S, Kota J. Lower expression of tumor microRNA-26a is associated with higher recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing surgical treatment. J Surg Oncol 2018; 118:431-439. [PMID: 30076741 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) exhibit lower tumor microRNA-26a (miR-26a) expression which is associated with worse outcomes. It is unknown if similar miR-26a loss occurs in HCC developed in other liver diseases. We examined tumor miR-26a expression and its impact on recurrence and mortality in a North American HCC cohort. METHODS MiR-26a levels from tumor and surrounding nontumor liver tissue in 186 subjects were collected. We defined lower tumor expression of miR-26a as <1-fold that of the adjacent nontumor liver tissue. RESULTS Viral hepatitis (42%; 40% hepatitis C and 2% HBV), alcohol (19%), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (18%) were the most common causes of liver disease. The prevalence of lower tumor miR-26a expression was 68%, and it was evident in HCCs arising in all etiologies (viral hepatitis 60%, alcohol 61%, and NAFLD 76%). Subjects with lower tumor miR-26a expression had significantly higher tumor recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 5.1; P = 0.016) and higher mortality of borderline significance (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 2.41; P = 0.086). CONCLUSION Reduced miR-26a expression is a common phenomenon in HCC arising in North American patients with different underlying liver diseases and may increase recurrence and mortality after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keaton R Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sarah C Nabinger
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sangbin Lee
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Smiti Snigdha Sahu
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sandra Althouse
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Romil Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mathew S Johnson
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Samer Gawrieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Janaiah Kota
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Liang L, Zeng JH, Wang JY, He RQ, Ma J, Chen G, Cai XY, Hu XH. Down-regulation of miR-26a-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma: A qRT-PCR and bioinformatics study. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:1494-1509. [PMID: 29113686 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To practically verify the clinical value of miR-26a-5p and thoroughly explore its target genes as well as its potential functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS HCC and adjacent non-cancerous hepatic tissues of 95 HCC patients were collected for analysis using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). For the bioinformatics analysis, we identified potential target genes for miR-26a-5p from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets and miRWalk predicted database. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses were applied to analyze the prospective mechanisms of the predicted target genes. RESULTS MiR-26a-5p showed a significantly lower expression level in HCC tissues (1.56±1.07) than adjacent benign liver tissues (2.28±1.06, P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.665 (95% CI: 0.588-0.743, P<0.001). Significant correlations between miR-26a-5p expression and clinicopathological features such as gender (r=0.275, P<0.01), clinical TNM stage (r=-0.306, P<0.01), and metastasis (r=-0.321, P<0.01) were observed. To examine potential target genes, we obtained 175 genes for further function analysis, by attaining the intersection of 2062 up-regulated DEGs and 1390 online-predicted target genes. The GO and KEGG pathway annotation indicated focal adhesion, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as significant prospective mechanisms. The PPI network indicated that NRAS was the most essential hub gene in the whole network. CONCLUSION Down-regulated miR-26a-5p was closely correlated with the status of metastasis and the progression of HCC. MiR-26a-5p might play protective roles by targeting diverse genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jiang-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yong Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Hua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
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Prognostic value of microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107237-107257. [PMID: 29291025 PMCID: PMC5739810 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous articles reported that dysregulated expression levels of miRNAs correlated with survival time of HCC patients. However, there has not been a comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the accurate prognostic value of miRNAs in HCC. Design Meta-analysis. Materials and Methods Studies, published in English, estimating expression levels of miRNAs with any survival curves in HCC were identified up until 15 April, 2017 by performing online searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews by two independent authors. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the correlation between miRNA expression and overall survival (OS). Results 54 relevant articles about 16 miRNAs, with 6464 patients, were ultimately included. HCC patients with high expression of tissue miR-9 (HR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.46–3.76), miR-21 (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.29–2.41), miR-34c (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.05–2.57), miR-155 (HR = 2.84, 95% CI = 1.46–5.51), miR-221 (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.02–3.04) or low expression of tissue miR-22 (HR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.63–3.21), miR-29c (HR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.10–1.65), miR-34a (HR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.30–2.59), miR-199a (HR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.89–4.08), miR-200a (HR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.86–3.77), miR-203 (HR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.61–3.00) have significantly poor OS (P < 0.05). Likewise, HCC patients with high expression of blood miR-21 (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.07–2.80), miR-192 (HR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.15–5.10), miR-224 (HR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.14–2.12) or low expression of blood miR-148a (HR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.11–4.59) have significantly short OS (P < 0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, tissue miR-9, miR-21, miR-22, miR-29c, miR-34a, miR-34c, miR-155, miR-199a, miR-200a, miR-203, miR-221 and blood miR-21, miR-148a, miR-192, miR-224 demonstrate significantly prognostic value. Among them, tissue miR-9, miR-22, miR-155, miR-199a, miR-200a, miR-203 and blood miR-148a, miR-192 are potential prognostic candidates for predicting OS in HCC.
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Mahati S, Xiao L, Yang Y, Mao R, Bao Y. miR-29a suppresses growth and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating CLDN1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:732-737. [PMID: 28342862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
CLDN1 (claudin1) is essential for intercellular junctions and has been reported to be involving in cell migration and metastasis, making it as an oncogene in various cancer types. However, the biological function roles and regulatory mechanisms of CLDN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still not clarified. In this study, we found down-regulation of miR-29a and up-regulation of CLDN1 in HCC tissues and cell lines. Further found an inverse relation between the expressions of miR-29a and CLDN1 in HCC. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-29a regulated the expression of CLDN1 by binding to its 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). Knockdown of CLDN1 led to decrease in tumor cell growth and migration capacities in vitro and in vivo. While overexpression of miR-29a suppressed tumor growth and migration, these effects could be reversed by re-expressing CLDN1. Taken together, out data suggested that miR-29a may regulate tumor growth and migration by targeting CLDN1, providing promising therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaya Mahati
- Department of Tumor Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (XJMU), Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Department of Tumor Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (XJMU), Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Tumor Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (XJMU), Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Rui Mao
- Department of Tumor Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (XJMU), Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yongxing Bao
- Department of Tumor Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (XJMU), Urumqi, 830011, China.
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