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Hussain Z, Habib A, Sajjad Z. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with CT-based central adiposity measures: a cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082095. [PMID: 39043597 PMCID: PMC11268048 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and association of central obesity measures such as body mass index (BMI), visceral fat adiposity (VFA) and superficial fat adiposity (SFA) with MS, diabetes (DM) and hypertension (HTN). DESIGN Cross-sectional study design. SETTING Tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. PARTICIPANTS 165 participants. There were 124 male participants and 41 female participants of Pakistani population. All participants above 18 years, who had unenhanced CT abdomen examination and relevant blood workup, were included. Patients with a known clinical history of coronary artery disease, HTN and DM as well as pregnant patients were excluded. INTERVENTIONS VFA and SFA were estimated, at the level of the umbilicus. Data of BMI, MS, DM and HTN were extracted from patient files. Data for MS, DM and HTN were recorded as binary variables. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were the prevalence of MS and the association of MS, DM and HTN with gender, VFA, SFA and BMI. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant with CI of 95%. RESULTS The prevalence of MS was 29.7%. There was a significant association of MS, DM and HTN with VFA, SFA and BMI. In gender-based analysis 48.7% of the female participants had MS. In subset analysis, 47% of male subjects in the third tertile of VFA revealed significant association with MS (p value <0.05) while only 32.7% of subjects in the obesity category of BMI had MS. SFA revealed a significant association with DM only (p value <0.5). CONCLUSION In conclusion, VFA shows a significant association with MS, DM and HTN. Considering these results, further studies with a larger sample size are warranted to generate gender-based cut-offs for VFA for obesity screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Hussain
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Habib
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Sajjad
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Magalhães PM, da Cruz SP, Carneiro OA, Teixeira MT, Ramalho A. Vitamin D Inadequacy and Its Relation to Body Fat and Muscle Mass in Adult Women of Childbearing Age. Nutrients 2024; 16:1267. [PMID: 38732514 PMCID: PMC11085628 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To assess the correlation between vitamin D status and body composition variables in adult women of childbearing age, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving women aged 20-49 years. The participants were categorized based on their vitamin D status and further divided according to body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected to compute body composition indices, specifically body fat and muscle mass. The sample included 124 women, with 63.70% exhibiting vitamin D inadequacy. Women with inadequate vitamin D status demonstrated a higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body adiposity index (BAI), along with a lower BMI-adjusted muscle mass index (SMI BMI), compared to those with adequate levels of vitamin D (p = 0.021; p = 0.019; and p = 0.039, respectively). A positive correlation was observed between circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and SMI BMI, while a negative correlation existed between circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and waist circumference (WC), WHtR, conicity index (CI), fat mass index (FMI), body fat percentage (% BF), and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR). These findings suggest that inadequate vitamin D status may impact muscle tissue and contribute to higher body adiposity, including visceral adiposity. It is recommended that these variables be incorporated into clinical practice, with a particular emphasis on WHtR and SMI BMI, to mitigate potential metabolic consequences associated with vitamin D inadequacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moreira Magalhães
- Postgraduate Program of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, Brazil
- Center for Research on Micronutrients (NPqM), Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (S.P.d.C.); (O.A.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Sabrina Pereira da Cruz
- Center for Research on Micronutrients (NPqM), Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (S.P.d.C.); (O.A.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Orion Araújo Carneiro
- Center for Research on Micronutrients (NPqM), Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (S.P.d.C.); (O.A.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Michelle Teixeira Teixeira
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro 22290-250, Brazil;
| | - Andréa Ramalho
- Center for Research on Micronutrients (NPqM), Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (S.P.d.C.); (O.A.C.); (A.R.)
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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Elguezabal Rodelo RG, Porchia LM, Torres‐Rasgado E, López-Bayghen E, Gonzalez-Mejia ME. Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while augmenting Metabolic Syndrome's effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017-2018. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298662. [PMID: 38394065 PMCID: PMC10889905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to evaluate the effect different types of abdominal fat have on NAFLD development and the effects of abdominal fat has on the association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and NALFD. METHODS Data was collected from the cross-sectional NHANES dataset (2017-2018 cycle). Using the controlled attenuation parameter (USG CAP, dB/m), which measures the level of steatosis, the cohort was stratified into two groups: NAFLD(+) (≥274 dB/m) and NAFLD(-). Using complex samples analyses, associations between liver steatosis or NAFLD and types of abdominal fat area [Total abdominal (TAFA), subcutaneous (SAT), and visceral (VAT)] were determined. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to evaluate the associations between adipose tissues and NAFLD. Logistic regression was used to determine the risk [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI)]. Participants were also classified by MetS, using the Harmonizing Definition criteria. RESULTS Using 1,980 participants (96,282,896 weighted), there was a significant (p<0.001) correlation between USG CAP and TAFA (r = 0.569), VAT (r = 0.645), and SAT (r = 0.479). Additionally, the risk of developing NAFLD was observed for total abdominal obesity (OR = 19.9, 95%CI: 5.1-77.8, p<0.001), visceral obesity (OR = 9.1, 95%CI: 6.2-13.5, p<0.001) and subcutaneous obesity (OR = 4.8, 95%CI: 3.2-6.9, p<0.001). Using 866 participants (44,399,696 weighted), for visceral obesity, participants with MetS and visceral obesity (OR = 18.1, 95%CI: 8.0-41.3, p<0.001) were shown to have a greater risk than participants with MetS only (OR = 6.3, 95%CI: 2.6-15.2, p<0.001). For subcutaneous obesity, again, participants with MetS and subcutaneous obesity (OR = 18.3, 95%CI: 8.0-41.9, p<0.001) were shown to have a greater risk than the MetS-only group (OR = 10.3, 95%CI: 4.8-22.4, p<0.001). CONCLUSION TAFA, VAT, and SAT were positively associated with USG CAP values and increased the risk of developing NAFLD. Also, the type of abdominal fat depots did affect the association between MetS and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo M. Porchia
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | | | - Esther López-Bayghen
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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Bowo-Ngandji A, Kenmoe S, Ebogo-Belobo JT, Kenfack-Momo R, Takuissu GR, Kengne-Ndé C, Mbaga DS, Tchatchouang S, Kenfack-Zanguim J, Lontuo Fogang R, Zeuko'o Menkem E, Ndzie Ondigui JL, Kame-Ngasse GI, Magoudjou-Pekam JN, Wandji Nguedjo M, Assam Assam JP, Enyegue Mandob D, Ngondi JL. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in African populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289155. [PMID: 37498832 PMCID: PMC10374159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Several studies have found MS to be prevalent in various African regions. However, no specific estimates of MS prevalence in African populations exist. The aim of this study was to estimate the overall prevalence of MS in the African populations. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Africa Index Medicus, and African Journal Online Scopus to find studies published up to the 15th of August 2022. Pooled prevalence was calculated based on six diagnostic methods. The pooled prevalence of MS was estimated using a random-effects model. Our risk of bias analysis was based on the Hoy et al. tool. A Heterogeneity (I2) assessment was performed, as well as an Egger test for publication bias. PROSPERO number CRD42021275176 was assigned to this study. RESULTS In total, 297 studies corresponding to 345 prevalence data from 29 African countries and involving 156 464 participants were included. The overall prevalence of MS in Africa was 32.4% (95% CI: 30.2-34.7) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 98.9%; P<0.001). We obtained prevalence rates of 44.8% (95% CI: 24.8-65.7), 39.7% (95% CI: 31.7-48.1), 33.1% (95% CI: 28.5-37.8), 31.6% (95% CI: 27.8-35.6) and 29.3% (95% CI: 25.7-33) using the WHO, revised NCEP-ATP III, JIS, NCEP/ATP III and IDF definition criteria, respectively. The prevalence of MS was significantly higher in adults >18 years with 33.1% (95%CI: 30.8-35.5) compared to children <18 years with 13.3% (95%CI: 7.3-20.6) (P<0.001). MS prevalence was significantly higher in females with 36.9% (95%CI: 33.2-40.7) compared to males with 26.7% (95%CI: 23.1-30.5) (P<0.001). The prevalence of MS was highest among Type 2 diabetes patients with 66.9% (95%CI: 60.3-73.1), followed by patients with coronary artery disease with 55.2% (95%CI: 50.8-59.6) and cardiovascular diseases with 48.3% (95%CI: 33.5-63.3) (P<0.001). With 33.6% (95% CI: 28.3-39.1), the southern African region was the most affected, followed by upper-middle income economies with 35% (95% CI: 29.5-40.6). CONCLUSION This study, regardless of the definition used, reveals a high prevalence of MS in Africa, confirming the ongoing epidemiological transition in African countries. Early prevention and treatment strategies are urgently needed to reverse this trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnol Bowo-Ngandji
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Sebastien Kenmoe
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Medical Research Centre, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Raoul Kenfack-Momo
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Guy Roussel Takuissu
- Centre for Food, Food Security and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Cyprien Kengne-Ndé
- Epidemiological Surveillance, Evaluation and Research Unit, National AIDS Control Committee, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Medical Research Centre, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo
- Centre for Food, Food Security and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Lempesis IG, Hoebers N, Essers Y, Jocken JWE, Dineen R, Blaak EE, Manolopoulos KN, Goossens GH. Distinct inflammatory signatures of upper and lower body adipose tissue and adipocytes in women with normal weight or obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205799. [PMID: 37455922 PMCID: PMC10338223 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Upper and lower body fat accumulation poses an opposing obesity-related cardiometabolic disease risk. Depot-differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) function may underlie these associations. We aimed to investigate the inflammatory signatures of abdominal (ABD) and femoral (FEM) SAT in postmenopausal women with normal weight or obesity. Methods We included 23 postmenopausal women with normal weight (n = 13) or obesity (n = 10). In vivo secretion of adipokines from ABD and FEM SAT was measured using the arterio-venous balance technique. Adipokine gene expression and adipocyte morphology were examined in ABD and FEM SAT. Furthermore, adipokine expression and secretion were investigated in vitro using differentiated human primary ABD and FEM subcutaneous adipocytes derived from the study participants. Results Plasma leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 concentrations were higher, and ABD and FEM adipocytes were larger in women with obesity than normal weight. No differences in adipocyte size and blood flow were apparent between ABD and FEM SAT. We found significant release of leptin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 from ABD and FEM SAT, with higher fractional release of MCP-1 from ABD than FEM SAT. Gene expression of leptin, PAI-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α was lower in ABD than FEM SAT and higher in women with obesity than normal weight. In ABD adipocytes, interleukin-6, PAI-1, and leptin gene expression were higher, while adiponectin and dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 gene expression were lower than in FEM adipocytes. Finally, ABD adipocytes secreted less MCP-1 compared to FEM adipocytes. Discussion These findings demonstrate that upper and lower body SAT and adipocytes are characterized by distinct inflammatory signatures in postmenopausal women, which seem independent of adipocyte size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G. Lempesis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Hoebers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Essers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johan W. E. Jocken
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rosemary Dineen
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen E. Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos N. Manolopoulos
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gijs H. Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Zhao H, Wu M, Tang X, Li Q, Yi X, Zhao W, Sun X. RNA-seq Based Transcriptome Analysis Reveals The Cross-Talk of Macrophage and Adipocyte of Chicken Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue during The Embryonic and Post-Hatch Period. Front Immunol 2022; 13:889439. [PMID: 35911745 PMCID: PMC9334849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With high fecundity and short production cycle, poultry is one of the important sources of meat. During the embryonic and post-hatch period, the higher death rate caused huge economic losses in poultry production. Our previous study showed that chick subcutaneous adipose tissue is an important energy supply tissue besides yolk. Therefore, the metabolic mechanism of subcutaneous adipose tissue in chicks could provide a new perspective of brooding. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the differences between chick subcutaneous adipose tissue and abdominal adipose tissue before and after hatching and reveal the cross-talk of different cells within the chick subcutaneous adipose tissue. The results of RNA-seq and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of chick subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissues showed that the function of chick subcutaneous tissue was related to immunoreaction, and macrophage could be the major immune infiltration cell type in chicken subcutaneous adipose tissue, which were also verified by qPCR, HE stain, and IHC. The results of free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced the cross-talk between macrophages and adipocytes showed that FFAs-Ccl2 (chicken CCL26) axis could have an important role in lipid transportation in adipose tissue. The results of Oil Red O and Nile red stain demonstrated that macrophages have the ability to absorb FFAs quickly. Interestingly, according to the genomic organization of CCL family with representative vertebrate species, we found that chicken CCL26 could be the major chemokine in chicken adipocyte as the status of CCL2 in mammal adipocyte. In conclusion, we demonstrate that FFA-induced Ccl2 (chicken CCL26) secretion is crucial in determining fat depot-selective adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) infiltration, which could be an important medium of lipid transportation in chicken subcutaneous adipose tissue. These findings may have multiple important implications for understanding macrophage biology with chick subcutaneous adipose tissue and provide theoretical basis for lipid metabolism in poultry brooding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingli Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaohua Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wanxia Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiuzhu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuzhu Sun,
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Kong M, Xu M, Zhou Y, Geng N, Lin N, Song W, Li S, Piao Y, Han Z, Guo R, Yang C, Luo N, Wang Z, Ma L, Xu Q, Wang L, Qiu W, Li J, Shi D, Cheung EC, Li R, Chen Y, Duan Z. Assessing Visceral Obesity and Abdominal Adipose Tissue Distribution in Healthy Populations Based on Computed Tomography: A Large Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871697. [PMID: 35548570 PMCID: PMC9082940 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Abdominal adipose is closely related to many endocrine and metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue in a healthy population in northern China determined by abdominal computed tomography (CT). Methods Data for this study were obtained from a multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study that collected abdominal CT scans of 1787 healthy individuals from 4 representative cities in northern China. Areas of visceral adipose tissue (VATA) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SATA) were obtained by measuring CT images at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra. Visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) and subcutaneous adipose index (SATI) were obtained by normalizing the square of height to analyze the distribution of the above indexes and visceral obesity among different body mass index (BMI), gender and age. Results The mean age of this healthy population was 45.3 ± 15.2 years and the mean BMI was 23.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2, with 902 men and 885 women. Compared with women, men had a significantly higher median VATA (120.9 vs. 67.2 cm2), VATI (39.1 vs. 25.6 cm2/m2) and a significantly higher percentage of visceral adiposity (VATA ≥ 100 cm2) (60.8 vs. 30.4%), while women had significantly higher SATA (116.9 vs. 146.7 cm2) and SATI (38.8 vs. 55.8 cm2/m2) than men. Whether men or women, VATI was positively correlated with age. Interestingly, SATI was weakly positively correlated with age in women, while SATI was weakly negatively correlated with age in men. In persons with a normal BMI, the proportion of visceral adiposity increases with age, whereas in men with a normal BMI, the proportion of visceral adiposity decreases after the age of 60 years but remains >50%. Conclusions The distribution of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue parameters measured by CT differed among gender, age, and BMI. Even men and women with normal BMI have a high proportion of visceral obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Geng
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Song
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuetong Piao
- Department of Infection, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zuoqing Han
- Department of Infection, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Infection, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Luo
- Department of Infection, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Quanxiao Xu
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanchun Qiu
- Department of Infection, The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Daimeng Shi
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Eddie C Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongkuan Li
- Department of Infection, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Fourth Department of Liver Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Chen Q, Sun X, Wu Q, Cheng Z, Lv Q, Zhou J, Zhu Y. Association between MRI-based visceral adipose tissues and metabolic abnormality in a Chinese population: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:16. [PMID: 35248099 PMCID: PMC8898486 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have indicated that the deposition of abdominal adipose tissue was associated with the abnormalities of cardiometabolic components. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and metabolic status and the different effects between males and females. Methods The 1388 eligible subjects were recruited in a baseline survey of metabolic syndrome in China, from two communities in Hangzhou and Chengdu. Areas of abdominal VAT and SAT were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Serum total triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by an automated biochemical analyzer. Metabolic abnormality (MA) was defined more than one abnormal metabolic components, which was based on the definition of metabolic syndrome (IDF 2005). Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Predictive value was assessed by area under the curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), respectively. Results Their mean age was 53.8 years (SD: 7.1 years), the mean body mass index (BMI) was 23.7 kg/m2, and 44.8% of the subjects were male. Both male and female with MA had higher VAT levels compared to subjects with normal metabolism (MN), and male had higher SAT levels than female (P < 0.05). Higher VAT was significantly associated with MA with ORs in the fourth quartile (Q4) of 6.537 (95% CI = 3.394–12.591) for male and 3.364 (95% CI = 1.898–5.962) for female (P for trend < 0.05). In female, VAT could increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities, but SAT could increase the risk of MA in the second and fourth quartiles (Q2 and Q4) only at BMI > 24 kg/m2. In male, VAT improved the predictive value of MA compared to BMI and waist circumference (WC), the AUC was 0.727 (95% CI = 0.687–0.767), the NRI was 0.139 (95% CI = 0.070–0.208) and 0.106 (95% CI = 0.038–0.173), and the IDI was 0.074 (95% CI = 0.053–0.095) and 0.046 (95% CI = 0.026–0.066). Similar results were found in female. Conclusions In male, VAT and SAT could increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities both at BMI < 24 kg/m2 and at BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2. In female, VAT could increase the risk of metabolic abnormalities but SAT could increase the risk of MA in the second and fourth quartiles (Q2 and Q4) only at BMI > 24 kg/m2. Deposition of abdominal adipose tissue was associated with metabolic abnormalities. VAT improved the predictive power of MA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-022-00651-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Zhang
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China.,Affiliated Hangzhou Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiannan Chen
- Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongxue Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingguo Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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9
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Ye Z, Xiao H, Liu G, Qiao Y, Zhao Y, Ji Z, Fan X, Li R, Wang O. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Accumulation Is an Independent Risk Factor of Urinary Stone in Young People. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:865930. [PMID: 35846300 PMCID: PMC9280630 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.865930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary stones usually start at a young age and tend to recur. Therefore, preventing stone occurrence and recurrence in young people is crucial. We aimed to investigate the association between subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, and stone episodes in young people. METHODS We retrospectively studied patients aged below 40 years with kidney or ureteral stones. Data on demographic and metabolic characteristics, urolithiasis history, subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and visceral fat area (VFA) were collected. We evaluated the association between SFA or VFA and the occurrence or recurrence of stone episodes using binary logistic regression and Poisson regression analyses. RESULTS In total, 120 patients were included. Abdominal obesity, overweight or obesity, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, SFA, and VFA increased with the number of stone episodes (all p < 0.05). The increase in SFA was independently associated with episode occurrence (p = 0.015). Patients with an SFA > 97 cm2 had a higher risk of episode occurrence. SFA and VFA accumulation were independently associated with episode recurrence (all p < 0.05), and SFA had a stronger association than VFA did. CONCLUSIONS In young people, SFA accumulation is an independent and early risk factor for the occurrence and recurrence of stone episodes. Subcutaneous fat could be a convenient and effective indicator to assess the risk of stone episodes before the development of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixing Ye
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - He Xiao
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: He Xiao,
| | - Guanghua Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Qiao
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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10
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Torres Irizarry VC, Jiang Y, He Y, Xu P. Hypothalamic Estrogen Signaling and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Energy Homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:898139. [PMID: 35757435 PMCID: PMC9218066 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.898139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global epidemic, and it is a major risk factor for other metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic disease. Accumulating evidence indicates that there is sex-specific metabolic protection and disease susceptibility. For instance, in both clinical and experimental studies, males are more likely to develop obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. In line with this, males tend to have more visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) and less brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity, both leading to an increased incidence of metabolic disorders. This female-specific fat distribution is partially mediated by sex hormone estrogens. Specifically, hypothalamic estrogen signaling plays a vital role in regulating WAT distribution, WAT beiging, and BAT thermogenesis. These regulatory effects on adipose tissue metabolism are primarily mediated by the activation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in neurons, which interacts with hormones and adipokines such as leptin, ghrelin, and insulin. This review discusses the contribution of adipose tissue dysfunction to obesity and the role of hypothalamic estrogen signaling in preventing metabolic diseases with a particular focus on the VMH, the central regulator of energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria C. Torres Irizarry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Jiang, ; Yanlin He, ; Pingwen Xu,
| | - Yanlin He
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Jiang, ; Yanlin He, ; Pingwen Xu,
| | - Pingwen Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Jiang, ; Yanlin He, ; Pingwen Xu,
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11
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Sun J, Lv H, Li M, Zhao L, Liu Y, Zeng N, Wei X, Chen Q, Ren P, Liu Y, Zhang P, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Wang Z. How much abdominal fat do obese patients lose short term after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy? A quantitative study evaluated with MRI. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:4569-4582. [PMID: 34737924 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to elucidate the changes in the amount of abdominal adipose tissue after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in obese Chinese patients over a relatively short follow-up period and to analyze the differences in the effects of surgery between genders. Methods Ninety-one patients were enrolled in the study, including 18 males and 73 females. These patients underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between November 2017 and November 2019. Before and short term after surgery, the areas of subcutaneous/visceral adipose tissue and the liver proton density fat fraction were calculated with upper abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) examinations. Results Approximately 100 days after surgery, the median values of weight loss and body mass index reduction were 23.1 kg and 8.1 kg/m2, respectively. The patients achieved a greater absolute loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue index than of visceral adipose tissue index (3.2×10-3 vs. 1.6×10-3, P<0.001). The amount of weight loss, body mass index loss and absolute/relative reduction in visceral adipose tissue index were much greater in males than in females (31.7 vs. 21.7 kg, P<0.001; 9.8 vs. 7.9 kg/m2, P=0.016; 2.5×10-3 vs. 1.3×10-3, P=0.007; 28.2% vs. 20.9%, P=0.029). There was a correlation between decreased amounts in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in sum and weight loss (r=0.282, P=0.032). The absolute/relative reduction in visceral adipose tissue index was also correlated with absolute/relative reduction in liver proton density fat fraction (r=0.283, P=0.013; r=0.372, P=0.001). Conclusions The reductions in body weight and visceral fat were more significant in male patients. The sum of absolute reduction in subcutaneous and visceral fat deposits was correlated with weight loss, in all patients enrolled. For severely obese patients, an upper abdominal MR examination could assess the body tissue composition and how it changes after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Lv
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wei
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengling Ren
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zyśk B, Ostrowska L, Smarkusz-Zarzecka J. Salivary Adipokine and Cytokine Levels as Potential Markers for the Development of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111703. [PMID: 34769133 PMCID: PMC8584047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the number of people suffering from obesity is increasing worldwide. In addition, the disease is affecting younger individuals. Therefore, it is essential to search for new diagnostic methods and markers for early assessment of the risk of obesity, metabolic disorders, and other comorbidities. The discovery of the secretory function of adipose tissue and coexistence of low-grade chronic inflammation with obesity set a new direction in this disease diagnosis using the assessment of the concentration of inflammatory markers secreted by adipose tissue. The aim of this review was to determine, based on previous findings, whether saliva can be useful in the diagnosis of obesity and its early metabolic complications and whether it can be an alternative diagnostic material to serum.
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13
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Lee TY, Jeon YJ, Kim CR, Kang BJ, Park GM. Abdominal Muscles and Metabolic Syndrome According to Patient Sex: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9091197. [PMID: 34574971 PMCID: PMC8470680 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9091197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is a reference method for measuring skeletal muscle mass, and the amount of fat in the skeletal muscle can be calculated based on CT attenuation. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effect of muscle quality and quantity on metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to sex. This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 8081 individuals aged ≥20 years who underwent self-referral abdominopelvic CT at our hospital. The total abdominal muscle area (TAMA), low-attenuation abdominal muscle area (LAMA), normal-attenuation abdominal muscle area (NAMA), and extramyocellular lipid area (EMCLA) were measured using cross-sectional CT data of the L3 lumbar vertebrae. The TAMA and NAMA showed negative correlations with risk factors for MetS and a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas the LAMA and EMCLA showed an inverse trend in both the sexes (p < 0.001). After adjusting for various factors, a higher LAMA index and the ratio of LAMA to TAMA were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS. High TAMA indices were associated with a lower prevalence of MetS. Furthermore, muscle quality and quantity were associated with the prevalence of MetS in both males and females. However, the LAMA showed a stronger association with MetS in males than in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Young Lee
- Department of Radiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea;
| | - Young-Jee Jeon
- Department of Family Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.J.); (C.R.K.); Tel.: +82-52-250-8847 (Y.-J.J.); +82-52-250-8730 (C.R.K.)
| | - Chung Reen Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.J.); (C.R.K.); Tel.: +82-52-250-8847 (Y.-J.J.); +82-52-250-8730 (C.R.K.)
| | - Byung Ju Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea; (B.J.K.); (G.-M.P.)
| | - Gyung-Min Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea; (B.J.K.); (G.-M.P.)
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Schmid-Zalaudek K, Brix B, Sengeis M, Jantscher A, Fürhapter-Rieger A, Müller W, Matjuda EN, Mungamba MM, Nkeh-Chungag B, Fredriksen PM, Goswami N. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Measured by B-Mode Ultrasound to Assess and Monitor Obesity and Cardio-Metabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050449. [PMID: 34065304 PMCID: PMC8161059 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity raises the need for accurate body fat assessment. Precise methods are at high technical expense, require exposure to ionizing radiation and are limited to institutional investigations, while common body indicators fail to identify excess body fat. Subcutaneous adipose tissue measured by ultrasound is an alternative approach, which was evaluated in relation to commonly applied body indicators to assess cardio–metabolic risk and its applicability in the field. Subcutaneous adipose tissue measured by ultrasound indicated a clear advantage over commonly applied body indicators and implies that severe body fat assessment errors are to be expected when BMI is used as a measure for body fatness in children. Children or adolescents with identical BMIs may have large differences (>200%) in their amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Ultrasound provides an easily applicable, reliable and safe method for accurate assessment of obesity and monitoring treatment responses in children and adolescents at cardio–metabolic risk. Abstract Monitoring of children at heightened risk of cardio–metabolic diseases raises the need for accurate assessment of obesity. A standardized approach for measuring subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) by bright-mode ultrasound was evaluated in relation to body indices and anthropometry in a cross-sectional sample of 76 South African children (7–10 years) and 86 adolescents (13–17 years) to assess cardio–metabolic risk. SAT was higher in girls as compared to boys (children: 50.0 ± 21.7 mm > 34.42 ± 15.8 mm, adolescents: 140.9 ± 59.4 mm > 79.5 ± 75.6 mm, p < 0.001) and up to four times higher in adolescents than in children. In children, measures of relative body weight showed only a poor correlation to SAT (BMI: r = 0.607, p < 0.001), while in adolescents, BMI correlated high with SAT (r = 0.906, p < 0.001) based on high rates of overweight and obesity (41.8%). Children with identical BMIs may have large differences (>2–3-fold) in their amount of SAT. The moderate association to systolic (r = 0.534, r = 0.550, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.402, r = 0.262, p < 0.001) further substantiates that SAT measured by ultrasound provides an accurate, safe and easy applicable approach for monitoring in children and adolescents at cardio–metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schmid-Zalaudek
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Physiology Division, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.B.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.-Z.); (N.G.); Tel.: +43-316-3857-3852 (N.G.)
| | - Bianca Brix
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Physiology Division, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Marietta Sengeis
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Biophysics Division, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.S.); (A.F.-R.); (W.M.)
| | - Andreas Jantscher
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Physiology Division, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Alfred Fürhapter-Rieger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Biophysics Division, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.S.); (A.F.-R.); (W.M.)
| | - Wolfram Müller
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Biophysics Division, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.S.); (A.F.-R.); (W.M.)
| | - Edna N. Matjuda
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; (E.N.M.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Muhau M. Mungamba
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; (E.N.M.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Benedicta Nkeh-Chungag
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa;
| | - Per Morten Fredriksen
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Kristiania University, 0107 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Nandu Goswami
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Physiology Division, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.B.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.-Z.); (N.G.); Tel.: +43-316-3857-3852 (N.G.)
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15
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Peng S, Xie Z, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Liang X, Wang H, Xie C. Tuina for diabetes with obesity: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23918. [PMID: 33545962 PMCID: PMC7837875 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an independent risk factor for the occurrence and development of diabetes. Patients with diabetes combined with obesity will face serious burdens such as increase in insulin resistance and difficulty in blood glucose control. As a safe, effective, economical, and simple intervention, Tuina is more acceptable to the public than drugs. The objective of this systematic evaluation and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tuina for diabetes with obesity. METHODS We will search the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Sino Med, Wanfang, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry System, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The time limit for retrieving studies is from establishment to November 2020 for each database. Randomized controlled clinical trials related to Tuina intervention on diabetes with obesity will be included. Data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis as well as the assessment of bias risk will be conducted by using Stata V.13.0 and Review manager 5.3 software. RESULTS This study will provide a quantitative and standardized evaluation for the efficacy of Tuina therapy on diabetes with obesity. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide the high-quality evidence of whether Tuina is an effective intervention for diabetes with obesity. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020110106.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Ziyan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Ya Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiangeng Zhang
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College
- Sichuan Collaborative Innovation Center for Old-age Care and Elderly Health, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | | | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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16
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Tanaka M, Okada H, Hashimoto Y, Kumagai M, Nishimura H, Fukui M. Distinct associations of intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal visceral adipose tissues with metabolic syndrome and its components. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:3479-3484. [PMID: 33298333 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with adverse outcomes, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with MS. Recently, VAT has been classified into intraperitoneal VAT (IVAT) and retroperitoneal VAT (RVAT). This study aimed to evaluate the association of IVAT and RVAT with the prevalence of MS or its components. METHODS In our cross-sectional study, the prevalence of MS or its components was analyzed in 803 middle-aged Japanese participants. The cross-sectional area of the abdominal adipose tissue was evaluated from an unenhanced computed tomography scan at the third lumbar vertebra, and IVAT or RVAT was analyzed using a specialized software. The areas were normalized for the square of the participants' height in meters and described as the IVAT or RVAT area index. RESULTS In age, sex, and BMI adjusted model, the IVAT, or RVAT area index was independently associated with the prevalence of MS. After simultaneous inclusion of IVAT, RVAT, and deep and superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue area indices for multivariate logistic regression analysis, the IVAT area index was found to be independently associated with the prevalence of MS (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.02-1.08) and its components, including waist circumference (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.10), glucose (1.03; 1.01-1.05), triglycerides (1.03; 1.00-1.05), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.03; 1.00-1.05), whereas the RVAT area index was not. The RVAT area index was independently associated with the prevalence of component-blood pressure (1.06; 1.02-1.11), whereas the IVAT area index was not. CONCLUSIONS IVAT and RVAT are associated differently with the prevalence of MS and its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhei Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Hashimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Muneaki Kumagai
- Medical Corporation Soukenkai, Nishimura Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.
| | | | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
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Tanaka M, Okada H, Hashimoto Y, Kumagai M, Nishimura H, Fukui M. Intraperitoneal, but not retroperitoneal, visceral adipose tissue is associated with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional, retrospective pilot analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:103. [PMID: 33292449 PMCID: PMC7691054 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with adverse outcomes, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), classified into intraperitoneal VAT (IVAT) and retroperitoneal VAT (RVAT), is associated with insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the association of IVAT and RVAT with the prevalence or incidence of DM. METHODS In this cross-sectional, retrospective, cohort study, the prevalence and incidence of DM was analyzed in 803 and 624 middle-aged Japanese participants, respectively. The cross-sectional area of the abdominal adipose tissue was evaluated from an unenhanced computed tomography scan at the third lumbar vertebrae, and the IVAT or RVAT was analyzed using specialized software. The areas were normalized for the square value of the participants' height in meters and described as the IVAT or RVAT area index. RESULTS The IVAT area index (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.02-1.07, per 1.0 cm2/m2) or IVAT/RVAT area ratio (1.89; 1.23-2.85, per 1.0) was independently associated with the prevalence of DM, whereas the RVAT area index was not. During a follow-up (mean) of 3.7 years, 30 participants were diagnosed with DM. The IVAT area index (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 1.02; 95% CI 1.003-1.04, per 1.0 cm2/m2) or IVAT/RVAT area ratio (2.25; 1.40-3.43, per 1.0) was independently associated with the incidence of DM, whereas the RVAT area index was not. CONCLUSIONS IVAT, but not RVAT, is associated with the prevalence or incidence of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhei Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hashimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Muneaki Kumagai
- Medical Corporation Soukenkai, Nishimura Clinic, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
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18
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Lee YC, Lee YH, Chuang PN, Kuo CS, Lu CW, Yang KC. The utility of visceral fat level measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in predicting metabolic syndrome. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:519-523. [PMID: 33071188 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue dysfunction contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the association between visceral fat level measured by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) and MetS. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited Taiwanese volunteers aged ≥20 years between 2012 and 2014. Anthropometric measurements and plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles were collected after at least 8 h of fasting. Insulin resistance was calculated by the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Visceral fat level (VFL, ranges: 1-59) and trunk fat percentage were measured through by the Body Composition Analyzer TANITA AB 140 Viscan. RESULTS A total of 1086 volunteers (mean age = 44.2 ± 13.2 years) were enrolled. Multiple regression analyses showed that triglycerides levels and blood pressure increased while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased with VFL in both genders (p < 0.05). Increased HOMA-IR and VFL had a synergistic effect on MetS. Higher VFL was independently associated with MetS in both men (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.19-1.48) and women (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.17-1.39). CONCLUSIONS Higher VFL is associated with MetS and its components. The portable BIA machine is easily applicable and useful tool to measure visceral fat in the community setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Biomedical Park Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Sheng Kuo
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Lu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Cheh Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
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19
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Asgharnezhad M, Joukar F, Naghipour M, Nikbakht HA, Hassanipour S, Arab-Zozani M, Mansour-Ghanaei F. Exploratory factor analysis of gender-based metabolic syndrome components: Results from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study (PGCS). Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 40:252-256. [PMID: 33183545 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the important issues related to metabolic syndrome is the underlying factor that remains controversial. The purpose of this study was estimating exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to reveal underlying factors that may explain the observed variants of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in a population-based study. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the target population consisted of 10,520 individuals aged 35-70 years from Phase 1 of the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study conducted between 2014 and 2017. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of components of the metabolic syndrome, including waist circumference (WC), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and fasting blood glucose (f-Glc) was performed across the population as well as by gender. RESULTS EFA results in the whole population based on eigen values > 1 showed two factors that explain 55.46% of the total variance. Taking factor loadings above 0.3, the first factor included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference - called the blood pressure factor. Also, the second factor included triglycerides, negative-loaded HDL, and fasting blood glucose, which was named as lipid factor. In terms of gender, the first factor was similar to the whole population pattern, but in the second factor, in addition to the two components of blood lipids, waist size for men and in fasting blood glucose for women was launched. CONCLUSION Hypertension and lipids were substantial factors, and obesity is an important factor in this study. Hypertension, having the highest factor load, can generally be a valuable screening parameter for cardiovascular and metabolic risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Asgharnezhad
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Naghipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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20
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Nono Nankam PA, Mendham AE, van Jaarsveld PJ, Adams K, Fortuin-de Smidt MC, Clamp L, Blüher M, Goedecke JH. Exercise Training Alters Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Desaturase Indices and Adipose Tissue Fatty Acid Profile in African Women with Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1456-1466. [PMID: 32627952 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the changes in red blood cell total phospholipid (RBC-TPL) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fatty acid (FA) composition in response to 12 weeks of exercise training in South African women with obesity and the associations with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS Previously sedentary women were randomized into control (n = 15) or exercise (n = 20) groups. RBC-TPL and SAT FA profiles, SAT gene expression, systemic inflammatory markers, liver fat, and insulin sensitivity (SI ) were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS Compared with control, exercise training induced decreases in RBC-TPL dihomo-γ-linolenic acid content and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and increased delta-5 desaturase-estimated activity (P < 0.05). In the combined group, these changes correlated with changes in circulating leptin and TNFα (P < 0.05), as well as lower liver fat (P < 0.01). Exercise training decreased saturated FA (lauric and myristic acids) and increased polyunsaturated FA (eicosadienoic and adrenic acids) (P < 0.05) in abdominal SAT, whereas γ-linolenic acid decreased (P < 0.01) in gluteal SAT. These changes in RBC-TPL and SAT FA compositions were not associated with changes in SAT gene expression and SI . CONCLUSIONS Exercise training alters RBC-TPL desaturase activities, which correlate with lower liver fat and systemic inflammation but not with the improvement of SI .
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Nono Nankam
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amy E Mendham
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Paul J van Jaarsveld
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Kevin Adams
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melony C Fortuin-de Smidt
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Louise Clamp
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig-University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia H Goedecke
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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Uzdil Z, Kaya S, Sökülmez Kaya P, Terzi M, Dünder E. The Effectiveness of New Adiposity Indices on Plasma Lipid Profile in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study with A Body Shape Index, Body Roundness Index, and Visceral Adiposity Index. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 43:102214. [PMID: 32470861 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of three different indices used to identify the effect of visceral adiposity on lipid profile markers in patients with multiple sclerosis. METHODS The study consisted of a total of 152 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who were aged 18 years and older. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were accessed from the patient system. Patients' height, body weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference measurements were also obtained. The effects of three different adiposity indices, including A Body Shape Index (ABSI), the Body Roundness Index (BRI), and the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), on plasma lipid profile in multiple sclerosis patients were evaluated. The data were analyzed using the R software and SPSS 21 statistical software package. RESULTS HDL-c was impacted by ABSI and VAI in males and only VAI in females (p < 0.05). An increase of 0.01 units of ABSI in males led to an increase of 5.88 mg/dL in plasma HDL-c level. In male patients with multiple sclerosis, LDL-c was positively affected by BRI and VAI changes (p < 0.05). One unit increase in BRI in males increased LDL-c level by 5.56 mg/dL, whereas 1 unit increase in VAI increased LDL-c level by 3.52 mg/dL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study indicated that these three different indices employed to evaluate adiposity were associated with plasma lipid profile. The effect of VAI on plasma lipids is higher than that of the other indices. In patients with multiple sclerosis, the use of these practical and non-invasive indices will be useful in assessing plasma lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Uzdil
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics.
| | - Seda Kaya
- Ankara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
| | - Pınar Sökülmez Kaya
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
| | - Murat Terzi
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology
| | - Emre Dünder
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Science, Department of Statistics
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22
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Davidson FE, Matsha TE, Erasmus RT, Ismail S, Kengne AP, Goedecke JH. Comparison of single-slice CT and DXA-derived measures of central adiposity in South African women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 74:1282-1289. [PMID: 32322047 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation is a known risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Efficient imaging modalities are necessary to quantify VAT. The study assessed the agreement between dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and single-slice computed tomography (CT) for abdominal fat quantification in mixed-ancestry South African women, and determined if this differed by body mass index (BMI) categories. METHODS VAT and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured using single-slice CT and DXA in 132 women aged 55 (45-64) years. Participants were categorised as normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Pearson correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis were used to determine agreement between the two measurements. RESULTS Two thirds of the participants were obese. DXA and CT-derived measurements of abdominal VAT and SAT were significantly correlated in the overall sample (r = 0.872 and r = 0.966, both p < 0.001, respectively) and within BMI categories. DXA overestimated VAT and SAT in the overall sample and across BMI categories. In the overall sample, the mean difference (DXA-CT estimates) was 75.3 cm2 (95% CI: 68.8-81.8 cm2, p ≤ 0.0001) for VAT and 54.7 cm2 (47.1-62.3 cm2, p ≤ 0.0001) for SAT. Within increasing BMI categories, the variance between the two modalities was fixed for VAT (p = 0.359 for obese), whereas the variance for SAT was heteroscedastic (p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS DXA overestimated VAT and abdominal SAT in a sample of middle-aged mixed-ancestry South African women. VAT variance was fixed in the obesity category, an indication that DXA may be valid in measuring VAT in obese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence E Davidson
- Department of Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville, Cape Town, 7530, South Africa.
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville, Cape Town, 7530, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saaiga Ismail
- Department of Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Way, Bellville, Cape Town, 7530, South Africa
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Julia H Goedecke
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
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