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Norman K, Herpich C, Müller-Werdan U. Role of phase angle in older adults with focus on the geriatric syndromes sarcopenia and frailty. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 24:429-437. [PMID: 36456777 PMCID: PMC9715408 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes in body composition reflect an increased risk for disease as well as disability. Bioimpedance analysis is a safe and inexpensive bed side method to measure body composition, but the calculation of body compartments with BIA is hampered in older adults. Phase angle, a raw parameter derived from bioimpedance analysis, is free from calculation-inherent errors. It declines with age and disease and is highly predictive of a variety of clinical outcomes as well as mortality. This review summarizes the current evidence linking the phase angle to geriatric syndromes such as malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty and also investigates whether the phase angle reacts to interventions. Since the majority of studies show an association between the phase angle and these geriatric syndromes, a low phase angle is not suitable to exclusively indicate a specific condition. It does not inform on the underlying cause and as such, a low phase angle mainly indicates increased risk. Phase angle decline over time is reflected by deterioration of e.g. frailty status. It reacts to physical training and detraining, but studies investigating whether these induced changes are also associated with improved outcome are missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Norman
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute for Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Catrin Herpich
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Müller-Werdan
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Evangelisches Geriatriezentrum Berlin gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
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Lahaye C, Derumeaux-Burel H, Guillet C, Pereira B, Boirie Y. Determinants of Resting Energy Expenditure in Very Old Nursing Home Residents. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:872-878. [PMID: 36156679 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to measure resting energy expenditure (REE) in institutionalized old persons and to determine factors possibly related to change in REE as a basis for estimating energy requirements. DESIGN AND SETTINGS A monocentric cross-sectional study was conducted. Statistical approaches were conducted to determine independent factors associated with REE. Various published predictive equations of REE were compared to our population. PARTICIPANTS 72 residents of a nursing home, mostly women (80.5%) aged 87.4±6.6 years were included. MEASUREMENTS REE (indirect calorimetry), body composition (bio-impedance analysis), biological and anthropometric data were collected. RESULTS Mean REE was 1006±181 kcal/d and was higher in men than in (1227±195 vs. 953±131 kcal/d, p<0.05). According to criteria adapted from the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition consensus, 65.3 % of the institutionalized population were malnourished. In multivariate analysis adjusted on gender and age, REE was positively associated with calorie intake, fat-free mass (FFM), functional abilities (French Autonomie Gérontologie Groupe Iso Ressources scale), and elevated CRP level (> 25 mg/l). Significant differences (p<0.05) appeared between measured REE and predicted REE by using various published equations. CONCLUSION REE of very old nursing home residents is influenced by FFM, calorie intake, functional abilities, and CRP levels and is poorly predicted by classical equations based on age, gender, height, and weight. This suggests a metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and inflammation and prompts to consider the level of physical activity and muscle loss when assessing caloric requirements in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lahaye
- Dr. Clément LAHAYE, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, 58 Rue Montalembert, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France, Mail: , Telephone: 04 73 75 45 94, Fax 04 73 75 45 99
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Battaglia Y, Ullo I, Massarenti S, Esposito P, Prencipe M, Ciancio G, Provenzano M, Fiorini F, Andreucci M, Storari A, Sabatino A, Fiaccadori E, Granata A. Ultrasonography of Quadriceps Femoris Muscle and Subcutaneous Fat Tissue and Body Composition by BIVA in Chronic Dialysis Patients. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051388. [PMID: 32408709 PMCID: PMC7285004 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein Energy Wasting (PEW) in hemodialysis (HD) patients is a multifactorial condition due to specific pathology-related pathogenetic mechanisms, leading to loss of skeletal muscle mass in HD patients. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging still represent the gold standard techniques for body composition assessment. However, their widespread application in clinical practice is difficult and body composition evaluation in HD patients is mainly based on conventional anthropometric nutritional indexes and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Little data is currently available on ultrasound (US)-based measurements of muscle mass and fat tissue in this clinical setting. The purpose of our study is to ascertain: (1) if there are differences between quadriceps rectus femoris muscle (QRFM) thickness and abdominal/thigh subcutaneous fat tissue (SFT) measured by US between HD patients and healthy subjects; (2) if there is any correlation between QRFM and abdominal/thigh SFT thickness by US, and BIVA/conventional nutritional indexes in HD patients. We enrolled 65 consecutive HD patients and 33 healthy subjects. Demographic and laboratory were collected. The malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) was calculated. Using B-mode US system, the QRFM and SFT thicknesses were measured at the level of three landmarks in both thighs (superior anterior iliac spine, upper pole of the patella, the midpoint of the tract included between the previous points). SFT was also measured at the level of the periumbilical point. The mono frequency (50 KHz) BIVA was conducted using bioelectrical measurements (Rz, resistance; Xc, reactance; adjusted for height, Rz/H and Xc/H; PA, phase angle). 58.5% were men and the mean age was 69 (SD 13.7) years. QRFM and thigh SFT thicknesses were reduced in HD patients as compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.01). Similarly, also BIVA parameters, expression of lean body mass, were lower (p < 0.001), except for Rz and Rz/H in HD patients. The average QRFM thickness of both thighs at top, mid, lower landmarks were positively correlated with PA and body cell mass (BCM) by BIVA, while negatively correlated with Rz/H (p < 0.05). Abdominal SFT was positively correlated with PA, BCM and basal metabolic rate (BMR) (p < 0.05). Our study shows that ultrasound QRFM and thigh SFT thicknesses were reduced in HD patients and that muscle ultrasound measurements were significantly correlated with BIVA parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Battaglia
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, St. Anna University Hospital, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-393-432-0061
| | - Ines Ullo
- Division of Nephrology, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Sara Massarenti
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Esposito
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Michele Prencipe
- Division of Nephrology, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Ciancio
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Michele Provenzano
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Fulvio Fiorini
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, 45100 Rovigo, Italy;
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Alda Storari
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, St. Anna University Hospital, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Alice Sabatino
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma University Hospital, 43121 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Enrico Fiaccadori
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma University Hospital, 43121 Parma, Italy; (A.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Antonio Granata
- Division of Nephrology, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 92100 Agrigento, Italy;
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Equation models developed with bioelectric impedance analysis tools to assess muscle mass: A systematic review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 35:47-62. [PMID: 31987121 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS This systematic review aims to systematically assess and summarize the equation models developed to estimate muscle mass with bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) instruments against a reference instrument (DXA, MRI, CT-scan, Ultrasonography), in order to help researchers and clinicians choose the most adapted equation, depending on the device and the population in question. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement was followed. Medline (via Ovid) and Scopus were searched in January 2019 for observational (transversal, longitudinal, retrospective) studies developing an equation prediction model to validate BIA against another reference method for the assessment of muscle mass. Study selection and data extraction was performed independently by two researchers. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. RESULTS 25 studies matched the inclusion criteria and were included in the present systematic review. Among them, 10 studies proposed an equation for subjects aged 65 years and older, 9 for adults, 4 for infants and 2 did not report the age of the population. A large heterogeneity was observed regarding the brand and type of BIA as well as the administration protocol (mode, frequency, number of electrodes, administration position and empty bladder/stomach or not). Most of the studies used DXA as the reference instrument, except 4 that used MRI. In each of the included papers authors provided, through simple or multiple regression, a predictive equation for muscle mass. BIA resistance index, sex, weight, age, BIA reactance and height were most frequently included as predictive variables. The majority of the equations developed explained more than 80% of the variance between both instruments. Out of the 25 equations available, only 9 were also validated in another population within the same paper. CONCLUSION This systematic review of the literature offers clinicians and researchers the opportunity to verify the existence of a prediction equation when using a BIA device for estimating muscle mass. This will help them to obtain a valid estimation of muscle mass in a specific population and with a specific instrument. If the equation exists and has been validated by a study free of high risk of bias, it's use is recommended because the development of a new equation in the same context seems redundant and undesirable. If a validation has not been carried out for a specific brand of BIA, reference method or population, we recommend the development and cross-validation of a new equation.
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Jacques MF, Onambele‐Pearson GL, Reeves ND, Stebbings GK, Smith J, Morse CI. Relationships between muscle size, strength, and physical activity in adults with muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:1042-1052. [PMID: 30338901 PMCID: PMC6240748 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular dystrophy (MD) is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness, yet few comparisons to non-MD controls (CTRL) of muscle strength and size in this adult population exist. Physical activity (PA) is promoted to maintain health and muscle strength within MD; however, PA reporting in adults with MD is limited to recall data, and its impact on muscle strength is seldom explored. METHODS This study included 76 participants: 16 non-MD (CTRL, mean age 35.4), 15 Duchenne MD (DMD, mean age 24.2), 18 Becker's MD (BMD, mean age 42.4), 13 limb-girdle MD (LGMD, mean age 43.1), and 14 facioscapulohumeral MD (mean age 47.7). Body fat (%) and lean body mass (LBM) were measured using bioelectrical-impedance. Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) was determined using B-mode ultrasound. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was assessed during plantar flexion (PFMVC) and knee extension (KEMVC). PA was measured for seven continuous days using triaxial accelerometry and was expressed as daily average minutes being physically active (TPAmins ) or average daily percentage of waking hours being sedentary (sedentary behaviour). Additionally, 10 m walk time was assessed. RESULTS Muscular dystrophy groups had 34-46% higher body fat (%) than CTRL. DMD showed differences in LBM with 21-28% less LBM than all other groups. PFMVC and KEMVC were 36-75% and 24-92% lower, respectively, in MD groups than CTRL. GM ACSA was 47% and 39% larger in BMD and LGMD, respectively, compared with CTRL. PFMVC was associated with GM ACSA in DMD (P = 0.026, R = 0.429) and CTRL (P = 0.015, R = 0.553). MD groups were 14-38% more sedentary than CTRL groups, while DMD were more sedentary than BMD (14%), LGMD (8%), and facioscapulohumeral MD (14%). Sedentary behaviour was associated with LBM in DMD participants (P = 0.021, R = -0.446). TPAmins was associated with KEMVC (P = 0.020, R = 0.540) in BMD participants, while TPAmins was also the best predictor of 10 m walk time (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.540) in ambulant MD, revealed by multiple linear regression. CONCLUSIONS Quantified muscle weakness and impaired 10 m walking time is reported in adults with MD. Muscle weakness and 10 m walk time were associated with lower levels of TPA in adults with MD. Higher levels of sedentary behaviour were associated with reduced LBM in DMD. These findings suggest a need for investigations into patterns of PA behaviour, and relevant interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour and encourage PA in adults with MD regardless of impairment severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F. Jacques
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Gladys L. Onambele‐Pearson
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Neil D. Reeves
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Georgina K. Stebbings
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | | | - Christopher I. Morse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, School of Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
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Improving nutritional status assessment in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2018; 18:785-791. [PMID: 30064905 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disorder causing irreversible destruction of pancreatic tissue, leading to malnutrition. A previous study has found that currently used screening methods (periodic recording of body weight and faecal and serological markers) fall short in identifying and curbing malnutrition. Moreover, data is lacking regarding change in nutritional status over time. The aim of our study is to investigate changes in nutritional status in CP patients over time and to determine whether a more extensive set of measurements would be beneficial for nutritional screening of these patients. METHODS CP patients who had undergone a nutritional assessment in 2012 were recruited to undergo a second assessment. The assessment consisted of anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), handgrip strength (HGS), the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), determination of faecal and serological markers and the Short Form Health (SF-36) questionnaire. These two assessments were compared and correlations between the various measures were calculated. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients underwent a second assessment. An increase in fat mass and a decrease in both fat free mass (FFM) and HGS were observed. The number of patients scoring under the 10th percentile for FFM (43%-54%) and HGS in their dominant side (38%-46%) increased. FFM and HGS were positively correlated (R = 0.57). CONCLUSION Even though current guidelines for CP follow-up were adhered to, there was a general deterioration in nutritional status. HGS correlated with FFM. HGS might be useful as a screening instrument for malnutrition in CP patients.
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Schultz TJ, Roupas P, Wiechula R, Krause D, Gravier S, Tuckett A, Hines S, Kitson A. Nutritional interventions for optimizing healthy body composition in older adults in the community: an umbrella review of systematic reviews. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 14:257-308. [PMID: 27635754 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-003063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimizing body composition for healthy aging in the community is a significant challenge. There are a number of potential interventions available for older people to support both weight gain (for those who are underweight) and weight loss (for overweight or obese people). While the benefits of weight gain for underweight people are generally clearly defined, the value of weight loss in overweight or obese people is less clear, particularly for older people. OBJECTIVES This umbrella review aimed to measure the effectiveness of nutritional interventions for optimizing healthy body composition in older adults living in the community and to explore theirqualitative perceptions. INCLUSION CRITERIA TYPES OF PARTICIPANTS The participants were older adults, 60 years of age or older, living in the community. TYPES OF INTERVENTIONS The review examinedsix types of nutritional interventions: (i) dietary programs, (ii) nutritional supplements, (iii) meal replacements, (iv) food groups, (v) food delivery support and eating behavior, and (vi) nutritional counselling or education. TYPES OF STUDIES This umbrella review considered any quantitative systematic reviews and meta-analyses of effectiveness, or qualitative systematic reviews, or a combination (i.e. comprehensive reviews). TYPES OF OUTCOMES The quantitative outcome measures of body composition were: (i) nutritional status (e.g. proportion of overweight or underweight patients); (ii) fat mass (kg), (iii) lean mass or muscle mass (kg), (iv) weight (kg) or BMI (kg/m), (v) bone mass (kg) or bone measures such as bone mineral density, and (vi) hydration status. PHENOMENA OF INTEREST The phenomena of interestwere the qualitative perceptions and experiences of participants. SEARCH STRATEGY We developed an iterative search strategy for nine bibliometric databases and gray literature. METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY Critical appraisal of 13 studies was conducted independently in pairs using standard Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Six medium quality and seven high quality studies were identified. DATA EXTRACTION Data was extracted independently in pairs from all 13 included studies using the standard Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction tool. DATA SUMMARY Only quantitative studies of effectiveness were included. The strength of evidence assessing the effectiveness of interventionswas graded using a traffic light system (green, amber, red). An overall assessment of the quality of the evidence for each comparison was undertaken. RESULTS More systematic reviews investigating weight gain than those investigating weight loss were included. Studies onweight gain showed improved body composition for oral nutritional supplements on its own, for oral nutritional supplements in combination with resistance exercise training, and for oral nutritional supplements in combination with nutrition counselling. Studies on weight loss showed that diet in combination with exercise, diet in combination with exercise and nutrition counselling, and nutrition counselling on its own all can lead to reduced weight in older people. The outcomes of lean mass and weight/BMI were responsive to nutritional interventions, but fat mass did not vary. There were no qualitative reviews identified. CONCLUSIONS Although effective interventions for weight gain and weight loss to optimize body composition of older people in the community were identified,making long term, clinically relevant changes in body composition is difficult. Multiple interventions are more effective than single interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Schultz
- 1School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 2CSIRO Food and Nutrition, Werribee, Australia 3Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, South Australia, Australia 4School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia 5Nursing Research Centre and Queensland Centre for Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery: a Joanna Briggs Centre of Excellence, Mater Misericordiae Limited, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia 6Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Beberashvili I, Yermolayeva T, Katkov A, Garra N, Feldman L, Gorelik O, Stav K, Efrati S. Estimating of Residual Kidney Function by Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Hemodialysis Patients Without Urine Collection. Kidney Blood Press Res 2018; 43:98-109. [PMID: 29414836 DOI: 10.1159/000487106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Residual kidney function (RKF) is a pivotal predictor of better clinical outcomes in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. So far there has been no attempt to use bioimpedance analysis (BIA) measurements to calculate residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dialysis population. We hypothesized that performing of multi-frequency BIA at the beginning and end of hemodialysis session can enable us to predict the measured residual GFR in MHD patients. Thus our aim was to develop and validate a new RKF prediction equation using multi-frequency BIA in MHD patients. METHODS It was diagnostic test evaluation study in a prospective cohort. Participants (n=88; mean age, 66.3±13.2 years, 59.1% males) were recruited from a single hemodialysis center. A new equation (eGFRBIA) to predict RKF, utilizing BIA measurements performed pre- and post-dialysis, was generated and cross-validated by the leave-one-out procedure. GFR estimated as the mean of urea and creatinine clearance (mGFR) using urine collections during entire interdialytic period. RESULTS A prediction equation for mGFR that includes both pre- and post-dialysis BIA measurements provided a better estimate than either pre- or post-dialysis measurements alone. Mean bias between predicted and measured GFR was -0.12 ml/min. Passing and Bablok regression showed no bias and no significant deviation in linearity. Concordance correlation coefficient indicated good agreement between the eGFRBIA and mGFR (0.75, P<0.001). Using cut-off predicted mGFR levels >2 ml/min/1.73 m2 yielded an area under curve of 0.96, sensitivity 85%, and specificity 89% in predicting mGFR. The κ scores for intraobserver reproducibility were consistent with substantial agreement between first and second estimation of RKF according to eGFRBIA (weighted κ was 0.60 [0.37-0.83]). CONCLUSION We present a valid and clinically obtainable method to predict RKF in MHD patients. This method, which uses BIA, may prove as accurate, convenient and easily reproducible while it is operator independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilia Beberashvili
- Nephrology Division, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tatyana Yermolayeva
- Internal Department E, Barzilai University Medical Center Campus, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Anna Katkov
- Nephrology Division, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nedal Garra
- Nephrology Division, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leonid Feldman
- Nephrology Division, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oleg Gorelik
- Internal Department F, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kobi Stav
- Urology Department, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shai Efrati
- Nephrology Division, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Kotnik KZ, Robič T, Golja P. Which method to use for a fast assessment of body fat percentage? Physiol Meas 2015; 36:1453-68. [PMID: 26020697 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/7/1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Body position affects body water distribution and in turn the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), which may consequently distort conclusions about an individual's body composition.We compared body fat percentage (BFP) obtained with leg-to-leg-BIA (LL) and hand-to-leg-BIA (HL) with the reference values.The BFPs of 97 individuals were determined with an LL- (Tanita TBF 215GS, Japan) and HL- (Akern, STA/BIA, Italy) BIA-analyser and with reference skinfold thickness (SF) measurements. Each subject was measured upright with the LL-analyser, and upright and supine with the HL-analyser, both before and after 20 min of supine rest. The one-way ANOVA for repeated measures (HL-BIA), Student's t-test (LL-BIA), intraclass correlation coefficients, and Bland-Altman's plots were used for statistical analysis.BFPs determined with HL/LL BIA in upright/supine positions differ significantly. Compared to the SF method, HL-BIA mostly overestimates, while LL-BIA mostly underestimates BFP. Agreement between anthropometrically determined BFP and HL/LL-BIA determined BFP is better with HL for both sexes, and generally better in females than males.HL-BIA-determined estimates of BFP are more similar to reference values than LL-BIA. However, for both BIA methods, BIA-determined estimates of BFP are significantly affected by body position. Consequently, different BIA methods will classify approximately one fifth of subjects into the erroneous body-fat-content category, which calls for urgent standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Zdešar Kotnik
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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A comparison of the malnutrition screening tools, MUST, MNA and bioelectrical impedance assessment in frail older hospital patients. Clin Nutr 2015; 34:296-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Schultz TJ, Roupas P, Wiechula R, Krause D, Gravier S, Kitson A. Nutritional interventions for optimizing healthy body composition in older adults in the community: a protocol for an umbrella review of studies of effectiveness and qualitative perceptions and experiences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2014-1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abstract
The frailty syndrome is defined as unintentional weight and muscle loss, exhaustion, and declines in grip strength, gait speed, and activity. Evidence with respect to the clinical definition, epidemiology, mechanisms, interactions, assessment, prevention, and treatment of frailty in the older adult is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roschelle A Heuberger
- Department of Human Environmental Studies, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
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Vilaça KHC, Paula FJA, Ferriolli E, Lima NKC, Marchini JS, Moriguti JC. Body composition assessment of undernourished older subjects by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bioelectric impedance analysis. J Nutr Health Aging 2011; 15:439-43. [PMID: 21623464 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-010-0300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevention and treatment of diseases related to changes in body composition require accurate methods for the measurement of body composition. However, few studies have dealt specifically with the assessment of body composition of undernourished older subjects by different methodologies. OBJECTIVES To assess the body composition of undernourished older subjects by two different methods, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectric impedance (BIA), and to compare results with those of an eutrophic group. DESIGN The study model was cross-sectional; the study was performed at the University Hospital of the School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS Forty-one male volunteers aged 62 to 91 years. The groups were selected on the basis of anamnesis, physical examination and nutritional assessment according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score. Body composition was assessed by DXA and BIA. RESULTS Body weight, arm and calf circumference, body mass index (BMI), fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were significantly lower in the undernourished group as compared to the eutrophic group. There were no significant differences between FFM and FM mean values determined by DXA and BIA in both groups, but the agreement between methods in the undernourished group was less strong. CONCLUSION Our results suggest caution when BIA is to be applied in studies including undernourished older subjects. This study does not support BIA as an accurate method for the individual assessment of body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H C Vilaça
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal and Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of Säo Paulo, Brazil.
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Regional and total body bioelectrical impedance analysis compared with DXA in Icelandic elderly. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 65:978-83. [PMID: 21559037 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aims were (1) to compare fat free mass (FFM) estimates from regional hand-held bioelectrical impedance analysis (HHBIA) with conventional BIA (CBIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and (2) to develop a population specific equation for FFM prediction in Icelandic elderly. SUBJECTS/METHODS DXA, CBIA and HHBIA data were available for 98 free-living Icelandic elderly (age=73.0 ± 5.6 years, body mass index=28.8 ± 5.2 kg/m(2)). Participants were randomized into a development block (n=50) and validation block (n=48). A population specific equation for FFM prediction was calculated using CBIA-derived resistance and anthropometric data from the development block and then compared with other BIA equations (Deurenberg, Segal, company-specific equations) and DXA estimates using the validation block. RESULTS The correlations between BIA methods and DXA were very high, that is, >0.9; however, mean differences compared with DXA were quite variable, ranging from -5.0 (Deurenberg) to +2.5 (Segal, HHBIA) and +3.3 kg (CBIA). Mean difference of the population-specific equation was below 0.1 kg. The standard deviations of the differences ranged from 2.6 to 3.3 kg. The limits of agreement of the BIA methods were similar and between 9.9 and 12.9 kg. CONCLUSIONS In Icelandic elderly, HHBIA and CBIA produce similar FFM estimates when using company-specific prediction equations. CBIA provides the additional possibility to use a population-specific prediction equation, which yields best results. However, limits of agreement were wide and similar of all employed BIA methods, which indicates principal limitations of BIA analysis in the determination of FFM.
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Trutschnigg B, Kilgour RD, Reinglas J, Rosenthall L, Hornby L, Morais JA, Vigano A. Precision and reliability of strength (Jamar vs. Biodex handgrip) and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry vs. bioimpedance analysis) measurements in advanced cancer patients. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2008; 33:1232-9. [DOI: 10.1139/h08-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Important deteriorations in body composition and strength occur and need to be accurately measured in advanced cancer patients (ACPs). The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between a single-frequency bioimpedance analyzer (BIA) and the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA), as well as the Jamar handgrip dynometer and the Biodex handgrip attachment, and to determine the precision of each of these instruments in ACPs. Eighty-one ACPs with non-small-cell lung cancer and gastrointestinal cancer were recruited from the McGill University Health Centre (Montreal, Que.). Consecutive paired measurements, with repositioning between measurements, were obtained for total-body DXA, BIA, Biodex handgrip, and BIA plus Jamar handgrip. The total-body percent coefficient of variation (%CV) for the BIA and DXA were 1.34 and 1.56 for fat mass (FM), respectively, and 0.42 and 0.72 for fat free mass (FFM), respectively. The %CV for the Jamar and Biodex handgrips were 6.3 and 16.7, respectively. Bland–Altman plots were used to characterize the limits of agreement between DXA and BIA for FM (4.60 ± 7.80 (–3.19 to 12.39) kg) and FFM (–1.87 ± 7.16 (–9.03 to 5.29) kg). Both DXA and BIA demonstrate good short-term precision in ACPs. However, given its poor accuracy, it remains to be determined if BIA can be used to monitor ACPs for changes in total-body tissue composition as a function of time, whether for observation or response to treatment. Furthermore, because of wide limits of agreement, the DXA and BIA cannot be used interchangeably in research or clinical settings. The Jamar handgrip dynamometer shows more consistency than the Biodex handgrip attachment in ACPs, and should therefore be the preferred measure of changes in strength over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Trutschnigg
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Robert D. Kilgour
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Jason Reinglas
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Leonard Rosenthall
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Laura Hornby
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - José A. Morais
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Antonio Vigano
- McGill Nutrition and Performance Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3S5, Canada
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
- Department of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
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Rech CR, Cordeiro BA, Petroski EL, Vasconcelos FAG. Validation of bioelectrical impedance for the prediction of fat-free mass in brazilian elderly subjects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 52:1163-71. [DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302008000700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging involves both nutritional and physiological changes, reducing fat-free mass (FFM) and increasing body fat, both of which are associated with physical weakness, unfitness and morbidity among the elderly. This study was undertaken to analyze the cross-validity of bioelectrical impedance equations for the prediction of fat-free mass (FFM) in elderly Brazilians. A cross-sectional population-based study, was performed in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2006. The study sample comprised 60 men and 120 women, aged 60 to 81. The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) served as gold standard. Predicted %BF and FFM were obtained from various anthropometric equations and bioelectric impedance. The cross-validation criteria suggested by Lohman and Bland-Altman plots of differences against the mean were used. The body mass index of the sample ranged from 18.4 to 39.3 kg/m². Mean percent body fat was 23.1 ± 5.8% in men and 37.3 ± 6.9% in women (range: 6 to 51.4%). In men, the equations of Kyle et al. (2001), Dey et al. (2003) and Sun et al. (2003) did not differ significantly from the DEXA measurement, with a constant error (CE) of 0.7 to 2.5 kg. In contrast, among women only the equations of Kyle et al. (2001) and Dey et al. (2003) were found to be valid (CE: 0.3 to 2.7 kg). The bioelectrical impedance equations validated in this study can be used in the Brazilian elderly population.
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Liang L, Thomas J, Miller M, Puckridge P. Nutritional issues in older adults with wounds in a clinical setting. J Multidiscip Healthc 2008; 1:63-71. [PMID: 21197335 PMCID: PMC3004539 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s3774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability for patients to access and consume sufficient quantities of nutrients to meet recommendations for wound management is vital if decline in nutritional status during hospital admission is to be prevented. This study aims to investigate menu quality, consumption patterns, and changes in nutritional status for inpatients with wounds. METHODS Wound healing recommendations were compared against the nutrient content of the inpatient menu. Individual intakes were compared to estimated requirements: energy using the Schofield equation; protein using wound healing recommendations; vitamin A, C, and zinc using the recommended daily intake (RDI). RESULTS The inpatient menu did not provide sufficient energy or zinc to meet the estimated average requirement while the ordering practices of participants allowed all RDI to be achieved except for zinc. Actual intake fell below recommendations: 62%, 41%, 55%, and 79% of patients not meeting energy, minimum protein requirements, vitamin A or zinc RDI respectively. A nonsignificant trend for weight loss, particularly fat mass, was observed over time. CONCLUSION Inpatients with wounds are at risk of being unable to consume sufficient quantities of nutrients important for healing and prevention of decline in nutritional status. This is despite the menu seemingly providing sufficient nutrients. More attention to education, encouragement, and supplementation are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jolene Thomas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Miller
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Phillip Puckridge
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Svantesson U, Zander M, Klingberg S, Slinde F. Body composition in male elite athletes, comparison of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. J Negat Results Biomed 2008; 7:1. [PMID: 18211680 PMCID: PMC2267441 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5751-7-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare body composition results from bioelectrical spectroscopy (BIS) with results from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a population of male elite athletes. Body composition was assessed using DXA (Lunar Prodigy, GE Lunar Corp., Madison, USA) and BIS (Hydra 4200, Xitron Technologies Inc, San Diego, California, USA) at the same occasion. Agreement between methods was assessed using paired t-tests and agreement-plots. Results Thirty-three male elite athletes (soccer and ice hockey) were included in the study. The results showed that BIS underestimates the proportion of fat mass by 4.6% points in the ice hockey players. In soccer players the BIS resulted in a lower mean fat mass by 1.1% points. Agreement between the methods at the individual level was highly variable. Conclusion Body composition results assessed by BIS in elite athletes should be interpreted with caution, especially in individual subjects. BIS may present values of fat mass that is either higher or lower than fat mass assessed by DXA, independent of true fat content of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Svantesson
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Norman K, Smoliner C, Valentini L, Lochs H, Pirlich M. Is bioelectrical impedance vector analysis of value in the elderly with malnutrition and impaired functionality? Nutrition 2007; 23:564-9. [PMID: 17616343 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2007] [Revised: 05/22/2007] [Accepted: 05/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The calculation of body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis is difficult in the elderly because most equations have been found to be inadequate, especially in the malnourished elderly. We therefore evaluated the use of bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in elderly nursing home residents. METHODS One hundred twelve nursing home residents were included in the study (34 men, 78 women, age 85.1 y, age range 79.1-91.4 y). Nutritional status was determined by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), functional status was assessed by handgrip strength, knee extension strength, and Barthel's index, and bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed using Nutriguard M (Data Input, Darmstadt, Germany). RESULTS Twenty-two nursing home residents were classified as well nourished (MNA I), 80 were considered to be at nutritional risk (MNA II), and 10 were classified as malnourished (MNA III). Handgrip strength, knee extension strength, and Barthel's index were lower in MNA II and MNA III than in MNA I. Phase angle also decreased significantly with the MNA (4.0, 3.8-4.7 degrees; 3.7, 3.3-4.3 degrees; and 2.9, 2.6-3.5 degrees). There was a significant displacement of the mean vector in MNA II and MNA III compared with MNA I. CONCLUSION The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis resistance/reactance graph could represent a valuable tool to assess changes in body cell mass and hydration status in elderly nursing home residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Norman
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Evaluación de la composición corporal de adultos sanos por antropometría e impedancia bioeléctrica. BIOMEDICA 2007. [DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v27i2.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sergi G, Coin A, Marin S, Vianello A, Manzan A, Peruzza S, Inelmen EM, Busetto L, Mulone S, Enzi G. Body composition and resting energy expenditure in elderly male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2006; 100:1918-24. [PMID: 16635565 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2005] [Revised: 03/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Our study investigates nutritional status, resting energy expenditure (REE) and physical performance in elderly patients with stable COPD to identify any early conditions of hypermetabolism, malnutrition and sarcopenia. METHODS Eighty-six males (40 stable COPD and 46 healthy subjects) over 65 years old were studied. All subjects underwent spirometry, blood gas analysis and a 6-min walking test (6MWT). Fat-free mass (FFM) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. RESULTS COPD patients had a lower FFM both expressed in kilograms and after correction for height squared. The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher for COPD subjects (38% vs 31%). REE, both in absolute values and adjusted for FFM was significantly higher in COPD patients. Hypermetabolism was found in 60% of COPD cases and 13.7% (P<0.01) of healthy subjects. No relationship was found in COPD patients between the measured/predicted REE ratio (REE(m)/REE(p)) and FEV1. In the hypermetabolic COPD subgroup, the REE(m)/REE(p) ratio correlated with 6MWT. CONCLUSIONS Elderly patients with stable COPD develop an increased REE. This hypermetabolism seems to be independent of the severity of the pulmonary obstruction and to influence the patient's physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sergi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, University of Padua, Padua Italy.
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King S, Wilson J, Kotsimbos T, Bailey M, Nyulasi I. Body composition assessment in adults with cystic fibrosis: comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with skinfolds and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Nutrition 2005; 21:1087-94. [PMID: 16183254 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2005.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Accepted: 04/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We compared body composition measurement in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) by using non-invasive methods (skinfold thicknesses and bioelectrical impedance analysis [BIA]) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). METHODS Seventy-six adults with CF (mean age 29.9 +/- 7.9 y, mean body mass index 21.5 +/- 2.5 kg/m(2)) were studied. Body composition was measured to calculate fat-free mass (FFM) using DXA, the sum of four skinfold thicknesses, and BIA (predictive equations of Lukaski and of Segal). RESULTS Mean FFM values +/- standard deviation measured using DXA were 54.8 +/- 7.3 kg in men and 41.2 +/- 3.9 kg in women. Mean FFM values measured using BIA/Lukaski were 51.5 +/- 7.8 kg in men and 40.4 +/- 4.9 kg in women (P < 0.0005 for men, not significant for women for comparison with DXA). Mean FFM values measured using BIA/Segal were 54.2 +/- 7.5 kg for men and 44.1 +/- 5.9 kg for women (not significant for men, P < 0.0005 for women for comparison with DXA). Mean FFM values measured using skinfolds were significantly higher than those for FFM with DXA (57.2 +/- 7.2 kg in men, 43.3 +/- 4.3 kg in women, P < 0.0005 for comparison with DXA). The 95% limits of agreement with FFM using DXA were, for men and women, respectively, -8.3 to 1.7 kg and -6.4 to 4.8 kg for BIA/Lukaski, -4.8 to 3.6 kg and -3.1 to 8.9 kg for BIA/Segal, and -2.8 to 7.3 kg and -1.5 to 5.7 kg for skinfolds. CONCLUSION This study suggests that skinfold thickness measurements and BIA will incorrectly estimate FFM in many adults with CF compared with DXA measurements of FFM. These methods have limited application in the assessment of body composition in individual adult patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah King
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Wirth R, Miklis P. Die Bioelektrische Impedanzanalyse in der Diagnostik der Malnutrition. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2005; 38:315-21. [PMID: 16244815 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-005-0330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2005] [Accepted: 07/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition is one of the most common comorbidities in the elderly. Despite several screening and assessment tools, the diagnosis can be difficult in some cases. In the geriatric population, classical anthropometry does not help very much. For that reason there is a need for further diagnostic criteria. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a fast, low-cost and non-invasive method, which has shown its value in several fields of medicine. Whether this method could be a useful part in the diagnosis of malnutrition in geriatric patients, is the question of this study. In comparison with the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), serum-albumin and other diagnostic markers of malnutrition, especially the phase angle (50 kHz) of bioelectric impedance analysis showed a consistent correlation with most of the parameters. The calculation of body-fat mass and fat-free mass from bioelectrical impedance analysis is not yet sufficiently validated for geriatric patients. In this study there was no good correlation of the BIA-calculated body-fat mass and fat-free mass with the observed nutritional parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wirth
- Klinik für Akutgeriatrie, St. Marien-Hospital Borken GmbH, Am Boltenhof 7, 46322 Borken, Germany.
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