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Costa Pereira JPD, Gonzalez MC, Prado CM, Cabral PC, Nascimento TGD, Nascimento MKD, Diniz ADS, Ramiro CPSP, Fayh APT. Body mass index-adjusted calf circumference is associated with mortality in hospitalized older patients with excess weight. Nutrition 2024; 125:112505. [PMID: 38981374 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given the innovative nature of the method, our study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of body mass index (BMI)-adjusted calf circumference (CC) in older patients who are hospitalized. METHODS This was a unique analysis as part of other cohorts comprising general hospitalized patients aged 60 years or older of both sexes. Only patients with excess weight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were included. CC was adjusted by reducing 3, 7, or 12 cm for BMI (in kg/m2) within 25-29.9, 30-39.9, and ≥40 kg/m2, respectively. CC was considered low if ≤ 34 cm for males and ≤ 33 cm for females. Clinical outcomes included prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality. RESULTS A total of 222 patients were included. After BMI adjustments, 72.1% of the patients were reclassified from a normal CC category to a low CC category. The frequency of low CC increased from 33.8% to 81.9% following BMI adjustments. Among those reclassified to the low CC, 11 died, compared to only 2 patients in the group that maintained a normal CC classification. BMI-adjusted CC was inversely associated with mortality (HR adjusted 0.84, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.95), but not with prolonged LOS. CONCLUSIONS Our novel study highlights the prognostic value of BMI-adjusted CC. As an anthropometric marker of muscle mass, it proved to be a predictor of mortality in older patients with high BMI. This adjustment is further important because it may help to better detect low muscle mass in these patients where such conditions might be masked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarson Pedro da Costa Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla M Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Poliana Coelho Cabral
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tais Galdencio do Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolainy do Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Alcides da Silva Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Claudia Porto Sabino Pinho Ramiro
- Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Brazilian Company of Hospital Services, EBSERH, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Emergency Cardiology Unit of the University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Health Science Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; PesqClin Lab, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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2
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Miller LJ, Halliday V, Snowden JA, Aithal GP, Lee J, Greenfield DM. Health professional attitudes and perceptions of prehabilitation and nutrition before haematopoietic cell transplantation. J Hum Nutr Diet 2024; 37:1007-1021. [PMID: 38696512 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional prehabilitation may improve haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) outcomes, although little evidence exists. The present study aimed to understand healthcare professional (HCP) perceptions of prehabilitation and nutritional care pre-HCT in UK centres. METHODS An anonymous online survey (developed and refined via content experts and piloting) was administered via email to multidisciplinary HCPs in 39 UK adult centres, between July 2021 and June 2022. Data are presented as proportions of responses. Routine provision denotes that care was provided >70% of time. RESULTS Seventy-seven percent (n = 66) of HCPs, representing 61.5% (n = 24) of UK adult HCT centres, responded. All HCPs supported prehabilitation, proposing feasible implementation between induction chemotherapy (60.4%; n = 40) and first HCT clinic (83.3%; n = 55). Only 12.5% (n = 3) of centres had a dedicated prehabilitation service. Nutrition (87.9%; n = 58), emotional wellbeing (92.4%; n = 61) and exercise (81.8%; n = 54) were considered very important constituents. HCPs within half of the HCT centres (n = 12 centres) reported routine use of nutrition screening pre-HCT with a validated tool; 66.7% of HCPs (n = 36) reported using the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST). Sixty-two percent (n = 41) of HCPs reported those at risk, received nutritional assessments, predominantly by dietitians (91.6%; n = 22) using the dietetic care process (58.3%; n = 14). Body mass index (BMI) was the most frequently reported body composition measure used by HCPs (70.2%, n = 33). Of 59 respondents, non-dietitians most routinely provided dietary advice pre-HCT (82.4%; n = 28 vs. 68%; n = 17, p = 0.2); including high-energy/protein/fat and neutropenic diet advice. Prophylactic enteral feeding pre-HCT was rare, indicated by low BMI and significant unintentional weight loss. Just under half (n = 25 of 59, 42.4%) HCPs reported exercise advice was given routinely pre-HCT. CONCLUSIONS Nutrition and prehabilitation pre-HCT are considered important and deliverable by HCPs, but current provision in UK centres is limited and inconsistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Miller
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Vanessa Halliday
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John A Snowden
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
- British Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy (BSBMTCT), London, UK
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julia Lee
- British Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy (BSBMTCT), London, UK
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Kiss N, Prado CM, Curtis AR, Abbott G, Denehy L, Edbrooke L, Baguley BJ, Fraser SF, Daly RM. Risk factors for low muscle mass, malnutrition, and (probable-) sarcopenia in adults with or without a history of cancer in the UK Biobank. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1736-1746. [PMID: 38843582 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Early identification of people at risk of cancer-related malnutrition, low muscle mass (LMM) and sarcopenia is crucial to mitigate the impact of adverse outcomes. This study investigated risk factors associated with LMM, malnutrition and (probable-) sarcopenia and whether these varied in people with or without a history of cancer. METHODS Participants in the UK Biobank, with or without a history of cancer, who completed the Oxford WebQ at the baseline assessment were included. LMM was estimated from fat-free mass derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis, and low muscle strength from handgrip strength, and used to identify probable or confirmed sarcopenia following the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 definition. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria were applied to determine malnutrition. Generalised linear models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) for associations between risk factors (clinical, functional, nutritional) and study outcomes. RESULTS Overall, 50,592 adults with (n = 2,287, mean ± SD 59.7 ± 7.1 years) or without (n = 48,305, mean ± SD 55.8 ± 8.2 years) cancer were included. For all participants (PRs [cancer, without cancer]), slow walking pace (PR 1.85; 1.99), multimorbidity (PR 1.72; 1.51), inflammation (PR 2.91; 2.07), and low serum 25(OH)D (PR 1.85, 1.44) were associated with higher prevalence of LMM, while higher energy intake (PR 0.55; 0.49) was associated with lower prevalence. Slow walking pace (PR 1.54 [cancer], 1.51 [without cancer]) and higher protein intake (PR 0.18 [cancer]; 0.11 [without cancer]) were associated with increased or decreased prevalence of malnutrition, respectively regardless of cancer status. Multimorbidity was the only common factor associated with higher prevalence (PR 1.79 [cancer], 1.68 [without cancer]) of (probable-)sarcopenia in all participants. CONCLUSION Risk factors for LMM and malnutrition were similar in adults with and without cancer, although these varied between LMM and malnutrition. These findings have implications for the future of risk stratification, screening and assessment for these conditions and the development or modification of existing screening tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kiss
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Annie R Curtis
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Linda Denehy
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lara Edbrooke
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Physiotherapy Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Brenton J Baguley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steve F Fraser
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Chaiamnuay S, Kanjanavaikoon N, Saisirivechakun P. Comparative evaluation of screening tools for sarcopenia in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14407. [PMID: 38909047 PMCID: PMC11193750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is linked to chronic inflammation and muscle wasting. This research aims to compare the screening accuracy of tools for sarcopenia in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). A cross-sectional study involving 104 axSpA patients was conducted at Phramongkutklao Hospital between January 2020 and February 2021. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the AWGS 2019 criteria. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured using DXA. SARC-F, SARC-CalF, and SARC-F+EBM, muscle strength, and physical performance were assessed. The screening tests were evaluated using ROC curves. The optimal cutoffs were identified with the Youden index. Most patients were male (74%), with a mean (SD) age and disease duration of 42.6 (12.22) and 8.3 (8.5), respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.1%. The AUCs (95% CI) for calf circumference, SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, handgrip strength, chair stand time, gait speed, and time and go test were 0.830 (0.734, 0.925), 0.509 (0.373-0.645), 0.782 (0.670-0.894), 0.856 (0.758-0.954), 0.710 (0.594-0.825), 0.640 (0.508-0.772), 0.689 (0.539-0.839), and 0.711 (0.576-0.846), respectively. The optimal cutoffs for SARC-F, SARC-CalF, and SARC-F+EBM were 1, 10, and 10, with sensitivity/specificity of 81.0%/29.7%, 90.5%/68.9%, and 77.3%/87.2%, respectively. Calf circumference, SARC-CalF, and SARC-F+EBM had the best performance to screen for sarcopenia in axSpA patients. Lowering the thresholds would potentially enhance the performances of SARC-CalF and SARC-F+EBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumapa Chaiamnuay
- Rheumatic Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, 315 Ratchawithi Road Ratchathewi District, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y. Sarcopenia and Its Influencing Factors in Patients With Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterol Nurs 2024; 47:138-147. [PMID: 38567857 DOI: 10.1097/sga.0000000000000779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia can lead to more postoperative complications and poorer prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer; however there is limited research exploring the incidence and influencing factors of different stages of sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer. We investigated 312 patients with colorectal cancer. Sarcopenia was determined by measuring muscle mass, grip strength, and gait speed. According to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2010, patients were classified into four groups: nonsarcopenia, presarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. The incidence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia was 10.3% and 8.7%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, TNM stage smoking history, total protein, upper arm circumference, waist circumference, and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score were independently associated with sarcopenia at different stages. This study suggests that routine data should be used to provide targeted care during hospitalization for patients with colorectal cancer in order to reduce the incidence of sarcopenia and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Ying Zhang, MSN, is from the School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Yongjian Zhu, MSN, is from the School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; and Nursing Department, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yuhuangding, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Ying Zhang, MSN, is from the School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Yongjian Zhu, MSN, is from the School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; and Nursing Department, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yuhuangding, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Zhang FM, Wu HF, Shi HP, Yu Z, Zhuang CL. Sarcopenia and malignancies: epidemiology, clinical classification and implications. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102057. [PMID: 37666432 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive systemic skeletal muscle disorder characterized by a pathological decline in muscle strength, quantity, and quality, which frequently affects the elderly population. The majority of cancer patients are of advanced age. Patients may already have sarcopenia prior to cancer development, and those with cancer are prone to developing sarcopenia due to hypercatabolism, inflammation, reduced physical fitness, anorexia, adverse effects, and stress associated with anticancer therapy. Based on the timing, sarcopenia in patients with cancer can be categorized into three: pre-existing sarcopenia before the onset of cancer, sarcopenia related to cancer, and sarcopenia related to cancer treatment. Sarcopenia not only changes the body composition of patients with cancer but also increases the incidence of postoperative complications, reduces therapeutic efficacy, impairs quality of life, and results in shortened survival. Different therapeutic strategies are required to match the cancer status and physical condition of patients with different etiologies and stages of sarcopenia. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the epidemiology and diagnosis of sarcopenia in patients with cancer, elucidate the complex interactions between cancer and sarcopenia, and provide evidence-based strategies for sarcopenia management in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Min Zhang
- Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Fan Wu
- Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University/ Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Le Zhuang
- Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Ozgur S, Altinok YA, Bozkurt D, Saraç ZF, Akçiçek SF. Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Sarcopenia Diagnosis in Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2699. [PMID: 37830737 PMCID: PMC10572141 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder. Early diagnosis is necessary to reduce the adverse effects and consequences of sarcopenia, which can help prevent and manage it in a timely manner. The aim of this study was to identify the important risk factors for sarcopenia diagnosis and compare the performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms in the early detection of potential sarcopenia. METHODS A cross-sectional design was employed for this study, involving 160 participants aged 65 years and over who resided in a community. ML algorithms were applied by selecting 11 features-sex, age, BMI, presence of hypertension, presence of diabetes mellitus, SARC-F score, MNA score, calf circumference (CC), gait speed, handgrip strength (HS), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)-from a pool of 107 clinical variables. The results of the three best-performing algorithms were presented. RESULTS The highest accuracy values were achieved by the ALL (male + female) model using LightGBM (0.931), random forest (RF; 0.927), and XGBoost (0.922) algorithms. In the female model, the support vector machine (SVM; 0.939), RF (0.923), and k-nearest neighbors (KNN; 0.917) algorithms performed the best. Regarding variable importance in the ALL model, the last HS, sex, BMI, and MUAC variables had the highest values. In the female model, these variables were HS, age, MUAC, and BMI, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Machine learning algorithms have the ability to extract valuable insights from data structures, enabling accurate predictions for the early detection of sarcopenia. These predictions can assist clinicians in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ozgur
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center—EgeSAM, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Atik Altinok
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Devrim Bozkurt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Zeliha Fulden Saraç
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey; (Z.F.S.); (S.F.A.)
| | - Selahattin Fehmi Akçiçek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey; (Z.F.S.); (S.F.A.)
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Wang G, Zhang L, Ji T, Zhang W, Peng L, Shen S, Liu X, Shi Y, Chen X, Chen Q, Li Y, Ma L. A protocol for randomized controlled trial on multidisciplinary interventions for mobility limitation in the older adults (M-MobiLE). BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:476. [PMID: 37553604 PMCID: PMC10410791 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobility limitation-the loss of exercise capacity or independent living ability-is a common geriatric syndrome in older adults. As a potentially reversible precursor to disability, mobility limitation is influenced by various factors. Moreover, its complex physiological mechanism hinders good therapeutic outcomes with a single-factor intervention. Most hospitals have not incorporated the diagnosis and evaluation of mobility limitation into medical routines nor developed a multidisciplinary team (MDT) treatment plan. We aim to conduct a clinical trial titled "A Multidisciplinary-team approach for management of Mobility Limitation in Elderly (M-MobiLE)" to explore the effect of the MDT decision-making intervention for mobility limitation. METHODS The M-MobiLE study will be a multicenter, randomized, and controlled trial. We will recruit a minimum of 66 older inpatients with mobility limitation from at least five hospitals. Older patients with mobility limitation admitted to the geriatrics department will be included. Short-Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Function Impairment Screening Tool (FIST), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Short Form - 12 (SF-12), Fried frailty phenotype, social frailty, Morse Fall Risk Scale, SARC-CalF, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF), and intrinsic capacity will be assessed. The intervention group will receive an exercise-centered individualized MDT treatment, including exercise, educational, nutritional, medical, and comorbidity interventions; the control group will receive standard medical treatment. The primary outcome is the change in the SPPB score, and the secondary outcomes include increased SF-12, ADL, FIST, MMSE, MNA-SF, and intrinsic capacity scores and decreased GDS-15 and SARC-CalF scores. CONCLUSION Our results will help develop a multidisciplinary decision-making clinical pathway for inpatients with mobility limitation, which can be used to identify patients with mobility limitation more effectively, improve mobility, and reduce the risk of falls, frailty, and death in older inpatients. The implementation of this MDT strategy may standardize the treatment of mobility limitation, reduce adverse prognosis, and improve quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR, ChiCTR2200056756, Registered 19 February 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhen Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Ji
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanshu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Peng
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanqing Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xujiao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Huang L, Shu X, Ge N, Gao L, Xu P, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Yue J, Wu C. The accuracy of screening instruments for sarcopenia: a diagnostic systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing 2023; 52:afad152. [PMID: 37596923 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to summarise the diagnostic accuracy of screening tools for sarcopenia. METHODS We conducted a systematic review along with a critical appraisal of published studies on screening tools for sarcopenia. We assessed the measurement properties of screening instruments using the consensus-based standards for selecting health measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist. We evaluated the risk bias of the included studies using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. The diagnostic test accuracy of instruments for sarcopenia was reported using sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR). RESULTS We screened 7,120 titles and abstracts; 42 studies including five screening tools for sarcopenia were included. The overall study quality assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool was moderate to good. Of the five screening tools, three instruments had specificities ≥85%: 92% [95% confidence interval (CI): 63-99%] for the SARC-F modified version, 87% (95% CI: 82-90%) for the SARC-F and 85% (95% CI: 77-90%) for the Ishii score. Three tools had sensitivity ≥75%, namely, MSRA 82% (95% CI: 69-90%), Ishii score 79% (95% CI: 62-89%) and U-TEST 76%. PLR higher than 5.0 were present for the Ishii score and SARC-F modified versions; the Ishii score also had the best NLR of 0.25 of all scales. CONCLUSION The MSRA and Ishii score had excellent sensitivity for sarcopenia screening at an early stage; SARC-F modified versions and Ishii score had superior specificity for sarcopenia diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shu
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ning Ge
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Langli Gao
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University Library, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University Library, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chenkai Wu
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China
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Vargo MM. Outcome Measures and Patient-Reported Metrics in Cancer Rehabilitation. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:869-882. [PMID: 37148415 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current panorama of measurement tools for use in cancer rehabilitation is reviewed. For rehabilitation purposes, evaluating function is of the highest priority. RECENT FINDINGS From a patient-reported outcome (PRO) standpoint, SF-36 and EORTC-QLQ-C30 are in most common use in cancer rehabilitation research; these are quality of life measures that contain functional subdomains. Newer tools which are based on item response theory and have options for both computer assisted or short form (SF) administration, including the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Activity Measure for Post-acute Care (AMPAC) instruments, show increasing use, especially PROMIS Physical Function SF, and, recently, PROMIS Cancer Function Brief 3D, which has been validated in the cancer population, with domains of physical function, fatigue, and social participation, to track clinical rehabilitation outcomes. Evaluating objective measures of function in cancer patients is also crucial. Utilization of clinically feasible tools for cancer rehabilitation, to employ for both screening purposes and for monitoring of rehabilitation treatment efficacy, is an evolving area, much needed to promote further research and improved, consistent clinical care for cancer patients and survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Vargo
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 4229 Pearl Road, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA.
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11
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Argilés JM, López-Soriano FJ, Stemmler B, Busquets S. Cancer-associated cachexia - understanding the tumour macroenvironment and microenvironment to improve management. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:250-264. [PMID: 36806788 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cachexia is a devastating, multifactorial and often irreversible systemic syndrome characterized by substantial weight loss (mainly of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue) that occurs in around 50-80% of patients with cancer. Although this condition mainly affects skeletal muscle (which accounts for approximately 40% of total body weight), cachexia is a multi-organ syndrome that also involves white and brown adipose tissue, and organs including the bones, brain, liver, gut and heart. Notably, cachexia accounts for up to 20% of cancer-related deaths. Cancer-associated cachexia is invariably associated with systemic inflammation, anorexia and increased energy expenditure. Understanding these mechanisms is essential, and the progress achieved in this area over the past decade could help to develop new therapeutic approaches. In this Review, we examine the currently available evidence on the roles of both the tumour macroenvironment and microenvironment in cancer-associated cachexia, and provide an overview of the novel therapeutic strategies developed to manage this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Argilés
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francisco J López-Soriano
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Busquets
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Verwaaijen EJ, van der Torre P, Vormoor J, Pieters R, Fiocco M, Hartman A, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM. Novel Adaption of the SARC-F Score to Classify Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Patients with Functional Sarcopenia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15010320. [PMID: 36612316 PMCID: PMC9818846 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia in pediatric hemato-oncology patients is undesirable because of the consequences it may have for treatment continuation and outcome, physical abilities and participation in daily life. An easy-to-use screening tool for sarcopenia will facilitate the identification of children at risk who need interventions to prevent serious physical deterioration. In the elderly, the use of the SARC-F score as a case-finding tool for sarcopenia is recommended. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the accuracy of the pediatric SARC-F (PED-SARC-F) for identifying sarcopenia in pediatric hemato-oncology patients, including the determination of a cut-off point for clinical use. Patients 3−20 years of age, under active treatment or within 12 months after treatment cessation were eligible. Patients had a physiotherapy assessment including a PED-SARC-F (0−10) and measurements of muscle strength (handheld dynamometry), physical performance (various tests) and/or muscle mass (bio-impedance analysis), as part of the standard of care. Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs) between the PED-SARC-F and physiotherapy outcomes were calculated. Structural sarcopenia was defined as low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) in combination with low muscle strength and/or low physical performance. Functional sarcopenia indicated low muscle strength combined with low physical performance. Multiple logistic regression models were estimated to study the associations between the PED-SARC-F and structural/functional sarcopenia. To evaluate which cut-off point provides the most accurate classification, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs), sensitivity and specificity per point were calculated. In total, 215 assessments were included, 62% were performed in boys and the median age was 12.9 years (interquartile range: 8.5−15.8). The PED-SARC-F scores correlated moderately with the measurements of muscle strength (rs = −0.37 to −0.47, p < 0.001) and physical performance (rs = −0.45 to −0.66, p < 0.001), and weakly with ASMM (rs = −0.27, p < 0.001). The PED-SARC-F had an AUC of 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.84−0.95) for functional sarcopenia and 0.79 (95% CI = 0.68−0.90) for structural sarcopenia. A cut-off point of ≥5 had the highest specificity of 96% and a sensitivity of 74%. In conclusion, we adapted the SARC-F to a pediatric version, confirmed its excellent diagnostic accuracy for identifying functional sarcopenia and defined a clinically useful cut-off point in pediatric hemato-oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J. Verwaaijen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-650006739
| | | | - Josef Vormoor
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
- Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Section Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies Hartman
- Department of Pediatric Physiotherapy, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3015CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, 3584EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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13
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Jiang J, Zhang P, Zhou Z, Xu Z, Hu X, Yu W, Jiang F, Pan Y, Wang F, Hong J, Ye T, Xu K, Zhu H. Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Mediates the Association between Increased Age and Risk of Sarcopenia among Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:3786342. [PMID: 36643790 PMCID: PMC9839409 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3786342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Arterial stiffness and sarcopenia are commonly seen in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and both are age-related diseases. However, few studies have addressed the causal relationship between age, arterial stiffness, and sarcopenia, especially in patients with T2DM. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship among age, arterial stiffness, and sarcopenia in patients with T2DM. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study enrolled 557 inpatients with diabetes at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China, between June 2020 and July 2021. Patients who were diagnosed with T2DM and underwent examination of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip strength, 6-meter walk speed, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV, a recognized indicator of arterial stiffness) were enrolled. A total of 447 patients were included. A dose-dependent relationship was found between age and sarcopenia. We also found a dose-dependent relationship between age and baPWV. Similarly, significant dose-dependent relationships were found across baPWV tertiles with higher prevalence of sarcopenia. Then, a mediation analysis was performed to explore the mediation effect of arterial stiffness on age-associated sarcopenia. We found that the prevalence of sarcopenia increased by 0.0115 (95% CI, 0.0028-0.0239) per 1 year increase in age by the mediation effect of baPWV and that the direct effect of aging on sarcopenia was 0.0441 (95% CI, 0.0101-0.0909) per 1 year older. baPWV mediated 20.5% of the positive relationship between increased age and the prevalence of sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Elevated baPWV partially mediates the association of age and sarcopenia among patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Xining, Xining, Qinghai 816000, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zeru Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Weihui Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Feifei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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14
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Ishimoto T, Hisamatsu K, Matsudaira N, Fujimoto T, Yano M, Hashimoto R, Hayashi H, Toyota Y, Akazawa N. Accuracy of determining sarcopenia using SARC-CalF in community-dwelling older adults aged 75 years and older. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 52:317-321. [PMID: 36513470 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The accuracy of sarcopenia determination using SARC-CalF in community-dwelling older adults has been clarified in previous studies. However, this accuracy is unknown for subjects older than 75 years old. If this becomes clear, it will show the usefulness of using SARC-CalF in determining sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥75 years old. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the accuracy of sarcopenia determination using SARC-CalF in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥75 years old. METHODS This study included 102 older adults aged ≥75 years old (74.5% female). Subjects were provided outpatient rehabilitation one to three times a week. The Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 standard was used to determine sarcopenia in participants. Logistic regression analysis was performed with sarcopenia as the dependent variable, and age, sex, and SARC-CalF as independent variables. When SARC-CalF was extracted as a significant variable, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created. The cut-off value was calculated using the Youden index. RESULTS Sarcopenia was observed in 65 of 102 subjects. Logistic regression analysis showed that only SARC-CalF was extracted as a significant variable (odds ratio: 1.18 [95% CI: 1.09-1.29]). The cut-off value calculated from the ROC curve was seven points. The sensitivity and specificity were 94.7% and 92.3%, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.98. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that SARC-CalF can accurately determine sarcopenia in older adults. A SARC-Calf cut-off value of seven may be more useful than 11 in determining sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥75 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisei Ishimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Ken Hisamatsu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Nozomi Matsudaira
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takehiro Fujimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Manoka Yano
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Risako Hashimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Toyota
- Department of Rehabilitation, Akahige Clinic, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Naoki Akazawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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15
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Yi H, Wang Y, Liang Q, Li X, Chen C, Mao X. R-CSS: A clinically applicable score to classify cachexia stages in patients with cancer undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2022; 10:100164. [PMID: 36655012 PMCID: PMC9841216 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Accurate cachexia staging is the key to its management. However, there is currently a lack of tools to distinguish the staging of cachexia in patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy. The Radiotherapy Cachexia Staging Scale (R-CSS) was developed for the stratification of cachexia in patients undergoing cancer radiotherapy. Methods Patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy were divided into four stages - noncachexia, precachexia, cachexia, and refractory cachexia - by the R-CSS scale, and the clinical outcomes of the four groups were compared. Results A total of 270 patients with cancer undergoing radiation therapy were included in the study. All participants were classified into four stages of cachexia: stage 0, I, II, and III. Patients with a higher cachexia stage had a higher prevalence of sarcopenia (P = 0.015). Scores on the 16-item M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory were higher in patients with higher cachexia stages (P < 0.05), but levels of forgetfulness, numbness, and shortness of breath were not higher in these patients (P > 0.05). Patients with higher cachexia stages exhibited better scores on the QLQ-C30 scale (P < 0.05), except for in the domains of cognitive functioning, diarrhea, and dyspnea (P > 0.05). The incidence of treatment-related events (any grade III or higher grade of [non-]hematologic adverse events, the need for hospitalization, emergency room admission) was higher in patients with higher cachexia stages. Conclusions The R-CSS scale is a screening tool that can simultaneously distinguish different stages of cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Yi
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Yang Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunying Liang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changlong Chen
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqun Mao
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,Corresponding authors.
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16
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Zhang Y, Jiang L, Su P, Ma Z, Kang W, Ye X, Liu Y, Yu J. Association between Plasma FGF21 Levels and Body Composition in Patients with Gastric Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2022; 75:349-356. [PMID: 36190321 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2118322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has suggested that Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays an important role in metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma FGF21 levels and body composition parameters in gastric cancer (GC) patients. METHODS This study was cross-sectional based on a prospective cohort of GC patients in a single center. Computer tomography (CT) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were used to estimate skeletal muscle and adipose tissue mass. Blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of FGF21 were measured by ELISA. Spearman's rank correlation test and logistic regression analysis were performed to assess associations between plasma FGF21 levels and these body composition parameters. RESULTS A total of 66 GC patients were enrolled in this study. Plasma FGF21 levels were significantly higher in women compared with men. The plasma FGF21 levels were positively correlated with fat mass index (FMI), fat mass percentage (FM%), and subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI). Furthermore, after adjustment for confounders, the lower plasma FGF21 levels were remain associated with increased odds for low SATI. CONCLUSIONS Plasma FGF21 levels were positively associated with FMI, FM%, and SATI in GC patients, suggesting a potential mechanistic link between FGF21 and subcutaneous adipose tissue in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Fayh APT, Guedes FFDO, Calado GCF, Queiroz SA, Anselmo MGGB, de Sousa IM. SARC-F Is a Predictor of Longer LOS and Hospital Readmission in Hospitalized Patients after a Cardiovascular Event. Nutrients 2022; 14:3154. [PMID: 35956328 PMCID: PMC9370486 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is already established that sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes; however, few studies have focused on patients who have suffered an acute cardiovascular event. The use of SARC-F, a 5-item sarcopenia screening questionnaire, in these patients remains to be investigated. We aimed to investigate whether SARC-F can predict adverse outcomes in patients admitted to a hospital with a suspected infarction. This is a 1-year prospective cohort study. During hospitalization, patients completed the SARC-F questionnaire (scores ≥ 4 considered positive for the risk of sarcopenia). Length of hospital stay (LOS), new hospital admission, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular mortality were collected via medical records and phone interviews. In total, 180 patients were evaluated. The median age was 60.6 years; 72.3% of the participants were men, and half of the sample had comorbidities. The median SARC-F score was 1.0 (interquartile range, 0-3.0), and 21.1% of the participants screened positive. Risk of sarcopenia was independently associated with longer LOS (odds ratio, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.09-5.04; p = 0.030) and hospital readmission (odds ratio, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.60-8.69; p = 0.002). One-fifth of post-acute cardiovascular event patients in this cohort screened positive for sarcopenia using the SARC-F screening questionnaire. Positive scores were associated with a longer LOS and hospital readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco Felipe de Oliveira Guedes
- PesqClin Lab, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (F.F.d.O.G.); (G.C.F.C.); (M.G.G.B.A.)
| | - Guilherme Carlos Filgueira Calado
- PesqClin Lab, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (F.F.d.O.G.); (G.C.F.C.); (M.G.G.B.A.)
| | - Sandra Azevedo Queiroz
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Marina Gabriely Gomes Barbosa Anselmo
- PesqClin Lab, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (F.F.d.O.G.); (G.C.F.C.); (M.G.G.B.A.)
| | - Iasmin Matias de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil;
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18
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Tsuji H, Tetsunaga T, Tetsunaga T, Misawa H, Oda Y, Takao S, Nishida K, Ozaki T. Evaluation of SARC-F and SARC-CalF for sarcopenia screening in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A prospective cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29568. [PMID: 35866772 PMCID: PMC9302257 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early sarcopenia detection using screening tools, such as SARC-F and SARC-CalF, has been proven reliable. However, the relationship between chronic musculoskeletal pain with sarcopenia is unknown. This study assessed sarcopenia morbidity as well as the reliability of sarcopenia screening with SARC-F and SARC-CalF in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. METHODS Overall, 172 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants completed the SARC-F, SARC-CalF, numeric rating scale (NRS), and pain disability assessment scale (PDAS) assessments. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria 2019. Correlations between SARC-F and SARC-CalF scores and each measured variable were evaluated using univariate and multiple linear regression analyses. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted, and reliabilities of SARC-F and SARC-CalF scores for diagnosing sarcopenia were compared. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Among these, 10 patients were <65 years old, and 29 were >65 years old. Both SARC-F and SARC-CalF scores significantly correlated with grip power, gait speed, skeletal mass index, numeric rating scale score, and PDAS score. In multiple linear regression analysis, SALC-F and SALC-CalF scores significantly correlated with PDAS score, skeletal mass index, and gait speed. The area under the curve were 0.70 for SARC-F and 0.88 for SARC-CalF; SARC-CalF had a significantly higher area under the curve than SARC-F. DISCUSSION Sarcopenia was diagnosed in patients aged <65 years with chronic musculoskeletal pain. SALC-F and SARC-CalF scores showed a significant correlation with disability due to pain and were reliable sarcopenia screening tools for chronic musculoskeletal pain. SARC-CalF was more reliable than SARC-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama Red Cross Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tetsunaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Locomotive Pain Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tomoko Tetsunaga, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama City, Okayama 700-8558, Japan (e-mail: )
| | - Tomonori Tetsunaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haruo Misawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Oda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Takao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Locomotive Pain Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Ozaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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19
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Kiss N, Curtis A. Current Insights in Nutrition Assessment and Intervention for Malnutrition or Muscle Loss in People with Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2420-2432. [PMID: 35731630 PMCID: PMC9776626 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 70% of people with lung cancer may be affected by cancer-related malnutrition or muscle loss, depending on treatment modality and disease stage. This narrative review explores recent studies on malnutrition and muscle loss as well as nutritional and multimodal interventions to treat these conditions in the context of the changing treatment landscape in lung cancer. Various types of interventions, including individualized counseling, protein and other specific nutrient supplementation, as well as multimodal interventions to treat malnutrition and muscle loss, have been investigated. Overall, individualized dietary counseling, increasing protein intake, and supplementation with omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids appear to be beneficial for some, albeit varying, patient outcomes. Multimodal interventions, generally including a nutrition and exercise component, show promising results; however, the impact on patient outcomes is mixed. A key finding of this review is a lack of large, randomized trials to guide nutrition intervention specifically in people with lung cancer. Despite the high prevalence of malnutrition and muscle loss in people with lung cancer and the known adverse outcomes, current evidence for nutrition intervention is limited. A targeted effort is required to improve the quality of evidence for nutrition intervention in this population to provide support for clinicians to deliver effective nutrition care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Curtis
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Lu JL, Xu XY, Chen L, Ding LY, Hu JM, Li WY, Zhu SQ, Xu Q. The Predictive Values of Five Sarcopenia Screening Tools on Clinical Outcomes Following Surgery in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:259-265. [PMID: 35297469 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs and falls (SARC-F), strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, falls and calf circumference (SARC-CalF), Ishii score chart, the short version of mini sarcopenia risk assessment (MSRA-5), the full version of mini sarcopenia risk assessment (MSRA-7) and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer were unclear. We aimed to investigate the predictive values of the above five sarcopenia screening tools on clinical outcomes following surgery in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS The clinical data of consecutive patients who would undergo gastrectomy from May 2020 to October 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were prospectively collected. On the first admission day, patients' characteristics, Nutrition risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002), the above five sarcopenia screening tools and anthropometric measurements were preoperatively collected. Within 24 hours after discharge, operation information, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and clinical outcomes in hospital (postoperative complications, hospitalization expenditures and postoperative hospital stay) were collected. Three months after discharge, clinical outcomes out of hospital (hospital readmissions and mortality) were collected. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the independent predictors for clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 263 patients were finally included in the study, with the average age being 62.44 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia risk ranged from 3.42% to 73.76%. For the above five sarcopenia screening tools, multivariate analyses showed that sarcopenia risk indicated by SARC-CalF was an independent predictor for postoperative complications (OR=3.145 [95%CI: 0.594, 16.665], P=0.037), prolonged postoperative hospital stay (B=2.383 [95%CI: 0.377, 4.388], P=0.020), increased hospitalization expenditures (B=1.305 [95%CI: 0.402, 2.208], P=0.005) and 3-month hospital readmissions (HR=3.626 [95%CI: 1.126, 11.676], P=0.031). Sarcopenia risk indicated by Ishii score chart was an independent predictor for postoperative complications (OR=6.491 [95%CI: 1.514, 27.840], P=0.012) and hospitalization expenditures (B=0.767 [95%CI: 0.065, 1.469], P=0.032). Sarcopenia risk indicated by MSRA-7 was an independent predictor for prolonged postoperative hospital stay (B=1.636 [95%CI: 0.119, 3.153], P=0.035)and increased hospitalization expenditures (B=0.831 [95%CI: 0.146, 1.516], P=0.018). CONCLUSION Among the above five sarcopenia screening tools, SARC-CalF seemed to have better predictive values on clinical outcomes. Preoperative gastric cancer patients with sarcopenia risk indicated by SARC-CalF could have a higher risk of postoperative complications, prolonged postoperative hospital stay, increased hospitalization expenditures and 3-month hospital readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-L Lu
- Qin Xu, Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical Universirty, 140 Hanzhong Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, E-mail: ; Shu-qin Zhu, Associate Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, E-mail:
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Development and Feasibility of an Inpatient Cancer-Related Sarcopenia Pathway at a Major Cancer Centre. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074038. [PMID: 35409719 PMCID: PMC8997788 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-related sarcopenia is a complex condition; however, no cancer-specific clinical model is available to guide clinical practice. This study aims to (1) develop an evidence-based care pathway for the management of cancer-related sarcopenia (“sarc-pathway”) and (2) pilot test the feasibility (reach, intervention fidelity, patient and clinician acceptability) of the sarc-pathway in an inpatient cancer ward. The sarc-pathway was developed using a care pathway format and informed by the current literature. Patients admitted to a 32-bed inpatient cancer ward were recruited to receive sarc-pathway care and the feasibility outcomes were assessed. Of the 317 participants admitted, 159 were recruited over 3.5-months (median age 61 years; 56.0% males). Participant consent was high (99.4% of those approached) and 30.2% were at risk of/had sarcopenia. The sarc-pathway screening, assessment and treatment components were delivered as intended; however, low completion of clinical assessment measures were observed for muscle mass (bioimpedance spectroscopy, 20.5%) and muscle function (5-times chair stand test, 50.0%). The sarc-pathway was demonstrated to be acceptable to patients and multidisciplinary clinicians. In an inpatient cancer ward, the sarc-pathway is a feasible and acceptable clinical model and method to deliver and adhere to the sarcopenia clinical parameters specified, albeit with further exploration of appropriate clinical assessment measures.
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22
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A Comparison of SARC-F, Calf Circumference, and Their Combination for Sarcopenia Screening among Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050923. [PMID: 35267898 PMCID: PMC8912378 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is frequently encountered in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). We evaluated and compared the diagnostic performance of a strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls (SARC-F) questionnaire, SARC-F combined with calf circumference (SARC-CalF), and calf circumference (CC) for screening sarcopenia among patients undergoing PD. We measured the appendicular skeletal muscle mass, evaluated using a multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy device, handgrip strength, and 6-m gait speed. SARC-F, SARC-CalF, and CC were obtained in all participants. Sarcopenia was defined using four different diagnostic criteria, including the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019, revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), and International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS). Among 186 enrolled patients undergoing PD (mean age 57.5 ± 14.1 years), the sarcopenia prevalence was 25.8–38.2% using the four definitions. The discriminative powers of SARC-CalF (range 0.648–0.748) and CC (range 0.652–0.813) against the four definitions were better than those exhibited by SARC-F (range 0.587–0.625), which achieved significant difference, except when adopting the criteria of the FNIH. After stratification by gender, the superiority of SARC-CalF and CC over SARC-F was maintained when AWGS 2019, EWGSOP2, and IWGS were applied. In conclusion, CC and SARC-CalF outperformed SARC-F in the diagnostic accuracy of sarcopenia among patients undergoing PD.
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23
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Barreto CS, Borges TC, Valentino NP, Gomes TLN, Soares JDP, Siqueira JM, Pichard C, Laviano A, Pimentel GD. Absence of risk of sarcopenia protects cancer patients from fatigue. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:206-211. [PMID: 33986491 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer and its treatments often lead to sarcopenia and fatigue. However, whether these factors are associated remains unproven. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the risk of sarcopenia predicts the presence of fatigue. METHODS A cross-sectional study was completed and included 198 cancer patients of both sexes, undergoing in- and outpatient treatment. The Strength, Assistance for walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls (SARC-F) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Fatigue (FACT-F) were used to assess the risk of sarcopenia and the presence of fatigue, respectively. The cut-off values used to identify the risk of sarcopenia and the severity of fatigue scale were SARC-F ≥ 4 and Fatigue <34, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between SARC-F and the FACT-F. RESULTS Out of 198 patients, 35% were at risk of sarcopenia and of these 87% had fatigue. Patients at risk of sarcopenia had lower scores in the FACT-F subscales, lower handgrip strength, lower performance status, were mostly hospitalized and were sedentary. Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with SARC-F < 4 had a lower risk of fatigue in both models, crude (OR: 0.83; CI 95% [0.79-0.88], p < 0.0001) as well as adjusted for age, gender, BMI, physical activity, current use of alcoholic beverages, smoking, performance status, cancer type, clinical setting and use of supplements (OR: 0.87; CI 95% [0.81-0.92], p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In patients with cancer, 35% presented risk of sarcopenia and of these 87% had fatigue. In addition, the absence of sarcopenia was considered protective against fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleidiana S Barreto
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Thaís C Borges
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Nathalia P Valentino
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Tatyanne L N Gomes
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jéssika D P Soares
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jéssika M Siqueira
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Claude Pichard
- Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Laviano
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gustavo D Pimentel
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
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P Duarte M, Ribeiro HS, Almeida LS, Baião VM, Inda-Filho A, Avesani CM, Ferreira AP, Lima RM. SARC-F and SARC-CalF are associated with sarcopenia traits in hemodialysis patients. Nutr Clin Pract 2022; 37:1356-1365. [PMID: 34994475 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARC-F questionnaire assesses sarcopenia risk. The addition of a calf circumference measurement, known as SARC-CalF, has been recently proposed. We investigated possible associations of SARC-F and SARC-CalF with sarcopenia traits in patients undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS Thirty patients (17 men; 57 ± 15 years) were enrolled. Sarcopenia risk was assessed by SARC-F (≥4) and SARC-CalF (≥11). Probable (low muscle strength or low skeletal muscle mass [SMM]) and confirmed (both) sarcopenia were diagnosed as recommended by the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Muscle strength was assessed by handgrip strength (HGS) and five-time sit-to-stand test (STS-5), and physical performance was evaluated by gait speed. SMM was assessed by bioelectrical impedance. RESULTS Sarcopenia risk by the SARC-F and SARC-CalF were found in 23% (n = 7) and 40% (n = 12) patients, respectively. The SARC-F and SARC-CalF were both associated with physical function, but not with SMM. Probable sarcopenia by HGS was associated with SARC-F and SARC-CalF. Moreover, both showed moderate Kappa agreement with slowness and probable sarcopenia by HGS and/or STS-5, but only SARC-CalF with probable sarcopenia by HGS. A larger sensitivity was found for SARC-CalF than SARC-F in detecting probable sarcopenia by HGS (70% vs 30%) and by HGS and/or STS-5 (63% vs 44%). CONCLUSION SARC-F and SARC-CalF are associated with sarcopenia traits in patients undergoing hemodialysis. SARC-CalF seems to be more strongly associated with sarcopenia traits and present a higher sensitivity for probable sarcopenia than SARC-F, as it adds a direct measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvery P Duarte
- Department of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Heitor S Ribeiro
- Department of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Research Department, University Center ICESP, Brasília, Brazil.,Research Center in Sports Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Lucas S Almeida
- Department of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Victor M Baião
- Interdisciplinary Research Department, University Center ICESP, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Antônio Inda-Filho
- Interdisciplinary Research Department, University Center ICESP, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Carla Maria Avesani
- Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Aparecido P Ferreira
- Interdisciplinary Research Department, University Center ICESP, Brasília, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program, Santa Úrsula University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M Lima
- Department of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Ururi-Cupi K, Oliva-Zapata F, Salazar-Talla L, Cuba-Ruiz S, Urrunaga-Pastor D, Runzer-Colmenares FM, Parodi JF. SARC-F and SARC-CalF Scores as Mortality Risk Factors in Older Men with Cancer: A Longitudinal Study from Peru. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:856-863. [PMID: 36156677 PMCID: PMC9473478 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the role of SARC-F and SARC-CalF scores as risk factors for mortality in adults over 60 years of age with cancer of the Centro Médico Naval (CEMENA) in Callao, Peru during 2012-2015. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort carried out from September 2012 to February 2013 in the Geriatrics Department of CEMENA. The outcome variable was mortality at two years of follow-up, while the exposure variable was the risk of sarcopenia assessed using the SARC-F and SARC-CalF scales. We carried out Cox proportional-hazards models to assess the role of SARC-F and SARC-CalF scores as risk factors for mortality. We estimated crude (cHR) and adjusted (aHR) hazard ratios (HR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Likewise, we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) of both exposure variables in relation to mortality. RESULTS We analyzed data from 922 elderly men with cancer; 43.1% (n=397) were between 60 and 70 years old. 21.5% (n=198) and 45.7% (n=421) were at risk of sarcopenia according to SARC-F and SARC-CalF, respectively, while the incidence of mortality was 22.9% (n=211). In the adjusted Cox regression model, we found that the risk of sarcopenia measured by SARC-F (aHR=2.51; 95%CI: 1.40-2.77) and SARC-CalF (aHR=2.04; 95%CI: 1.55-4.02) was associated with a higher risk of death in older men with cancer. In the diagnostic performance analysis, we found that the AUC for mortality prediction was 0.71 (95%CI: 0.68-0.75) for SARC-F and 0.80 (95%CI: 0.78-0.82) for SARC-CalF. CONCLUSIONS The risk of sarcopenia evaluated by SARC-F and SARC-CalF scores was associated with an increased risk of mortality in older men with cancer. Both scales proved to be useful and accessible instruments for the identification of groups at risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Ururi-Cupi
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
| | - F. Oliva-Zapata
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
| | - L. Salazar-Talla
- Grupo Estudiantil de Investigación en Salud Mental (GISAM), Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - S. Cuba-Ruiz
- Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
| | - Diego Urrunaga-Pastor
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Campus 2, Avenida La Fontana 750, La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Fernando M. Runzer-Colmenares
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Lima, Peru
- Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú Carretera Panamericana Sur 19, Distrito de Villa El Salvador, 15067
| | - J. F. Parodi
- Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Centro de investigación del envejecimiento (CIEN), Lima, Peru
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Zhou J, Li T, Chen X, Wang M, Jiang W, Jia H. Comparison of the Diagnostic Value of SARC-F and Its Three Modified Versions for Screening Sarcopenia in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:77-83. [PMID: 35067707 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia refers to age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass. SARC-F is a screening tool for sarcopenia with high specificity and relatively good overall diagnostic accuracy but with low sensitivity. This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of SARC-F and its three modified versions (SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC) for screening sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Diagnostic accuracy study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS We screened sarcopenia of older adults (age ≥ 60 years) in three communities in 2020. The participants' information and anthropometric measurements were collected, respectively. METHODS The updated consensuses of AWGS2019 and the EWGSOP2 were applied as the reference standards. we performed sensitivity/specificity analyses and estimated the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of the four scales. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 26.4% and 12.5% based on the AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2 criteria, respectively. The sensitivities/specificities of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 12.26%/95.59%, 47.17%/91.53%, 82.08%/68.47%, and 75.47%/83.73%, respectively, using the AWGS2019 criteria. Further, the corresponding AUCs of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 0.650 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.601-0.697), 0.811 (95% CI: 0.769-0.848), 0.801 (95% CI: 0.759-0.839), and 0.848 (95% CI: 0.809-0.881), respectively. Using the EWGSOP2 criteria, the sensitivities/specificities of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 20.00%/95.44%, 56.00%/86.61%, 70.00%/81.20%, and 80.00%/74.93%, respectively. The AUCs of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC were 0.706 (95% CI: 0.659-0.750), 0.799 (95% CI: 0.756-0.837), 0.815 (95% CI: 0.774-0.852), and 0.834 (95% CI: 0.794-0.869), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The modified versions of SARC-F+AC and SARC-CalF+AC, which have superior sensitivity, can be used to screen sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. SARC-CalF+AC had the highest overall diagnostic accuracy for screening sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Hong Jia, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China,
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Matsui M, Nishikawa H, Goto M, Asai A, Ushiro K, Ogura T, Takeuchi T, Nakamura S, Kakimoto K, Miyazaki T, Fukunishi S, Ohama H, Yokohama K, Yasuoka H, Higuchi K. Prognostic Impact of the SARC-F Score in Gastrointestinal Advanced Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010010. [PMID: 35008175 PMCID: PMC8749778 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There have been few reports with regard to the relevance between the SARC-F score and the prognosis in patients with gastrointestinal advanced cancers, and we aimed to elucidate these issues (n = 421, median age = 73 years). During the follow-up period, 145 patients (34.4%) died. The 1-year cumulative overall survival rate in patients with SARC-F ≥ 4 (recommended cutoff point, n = 103) and SARC-F < 4 (n = 318) was 33.9% and 61.6% (p < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis for the overall survival, total lymphocyte count ≥ 1081/μL (p = 0.0014), the SARC-F score ≥ 4 (p = 0.0096), Glasgow prognostic score 1 (p = 0.0147) and 2 (p < 0.0001), ECOG-PS 2 (p < 0.0001), and 3 (p < 0.0001) and 4 (p < 0.0001) were independent predictors. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis on the prognostic value of the SARC-F score, the sensitivity/specificity was 0.59/0.70, and the best cutoff point of the SARC-F score was two. The SARC-F score appears to be useful in patients with gastrointestinal advanced malignancies. Abstract We sought to elucidate the prognostic impact of the SARC-F score among patients with gastrointestinal advanced malignancies (n = 421). A SARC-F score ≥ 4 was judged to have a strong suspicion for sarcopenia. In patients with ECOG-PS 4 (n = 43), 3 (n = 61), and 0–2 (n = 317), 42 (97.7%), 53 (86.9%) and 8 (2.5%) had the SARC-F score ≥ 4. During the follow-up period, 145 patients (34.4%) died. All deaths were cancer-related. The 1-year cumulative overall survival (OS) rate in patients with SARC-F ≥ 4 (n = 103) and SARC-F < 4 (n = 318) was 33.9% and 61.6% (p < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis for the OS, total lymphocyte count ≥ 1081/μL (p = 0.0014), the SARC-F score ≥ 4 (p = 0.0096), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) 1 (p = 0.0147, GPS 0 as a standard), GPS 2 (p < 0.0001, GPS 0 as a standard), ECOG-PS 2 (p < 0.0001, ECOG-PS 0 as a standard), ECOG-PS 3 (p < 0.0001, ECOG-PS 0 as a standard), and ECOG-PS 4 (p < 0.0001, ECOG-PS 0 as a standard) were independent predictors. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis on the prognostic value of the SARC-F score, the sensitivity/specificity was 0.59/0.70, and best cutoff point of the SARC-F score was two. In conclusion, the SARC-F score is useful in patients with gastrointestinal advanced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Matsui
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Hiroki Nishikawa
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
- The Premier Departmental Research of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-726-831-221
| | - Masahiro Goto
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Akira Asai
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Kosuke Ushiro
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Takeshi Ogura
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Toshihisa Takeuchi
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Shiro Nakamura
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Kazuki Kakimoto
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Takako Miyazaki
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
- The Premier Departmental Research of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
| | - Shinya Fukunishi
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
- The Premier Departmental Research of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hideko Ohama
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Keisuke Yokohama
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Hidetaka Yasuoka
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Kazuhide Higuchi
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan; (M.M.); (M.G.); (A.A.); (K.U.); (T.O.); (T.T.); (S.N.); (K.K.); (T.M.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (K.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.H.)
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Comparison of five sarcopenia screening tools in preoperative patients with gastric cancer using the diagnostic criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Nutrition 2021; 95:111553. [PMID: 34999385 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the performance of five sarcopenia screening tools in preoperative patients with gastric cancer, including strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls; strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, falls, and calf circumference (SARC-CalF); Ishii score chart; short version of the mini sarcopenia risk assessment; and full version of the mini sarcopenia risk assessment. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of consecutive patients undergoing a gastrectomy between May 2020 and October 2020. Sarcopenia was diagnosed per the diagnostic criteria proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Data on the five sarcopenia screening tools, patient characteristics, nutrition risk screening 2002, and diagnostic indicators of sarcopenia were collected preoperatively, and pathological characteristics of the tumor were collected postoperatively. Based on the EWGSOP2 criteria, the clinical validity of the sarcopenia tools was measured using sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. A receiver operator characteristic curve and area under curve were applied to compare the overall screening accuracy, and a Youden index was calculated to determine the optimal cutoff value of each tool. RESULTS We included 260 participants age 62.38 ± 11.21 y. Based on the EWGSOP2 criteria, the prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia were 8.46% and 4.62%, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of sarcopenia risk ranged from 3.46% to 73.85% based on the five screening tools. Of these tools, SARC-CalF had the largest area under the curve (0.896) with moderate-to-high sensitivity (86.36%) and high specificity (92.86%). For SARC-CalF, the cutoff value of 10 reached the highest Youden index, and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 81.82% and 93.44%, respectively. CONCLUSION Among the above five screening tools, SARC-CalF appeared to be the optimal choice to screen sarcopenia in preoperative patients with gastric cancer.
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Prado CM, Laviano A, Gillis C, Sung AD, Gardner M, Yalcin S, Dixon S, Newman SM, Bastasch MD, Sauer AC, Hegazi R, Chasen MR. Examining guidelines and new evidence in oncology nutrition: a position paper on gaps and opportunities in multimodal approaches to improve patient care. Support Care Cancer 2021; 30:3073-3083. [PMID: 34811570 PMCID: PMC8857008 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition, muscle loss, and cachexia are prevalent in cancer and remain key challenges in oncology today. These conditions are frequently underrecognized and undertreated and have devastating consequences for patients. Early nutrition screening/assessment and intervention are associated with improved patient outcomes. As a multifaceted disease, cancer requires multimodal care that integrates supportive interventions, specifically nutrition and exercise, to improve nutrient intake, muscle mass, physical functioning, quality of life, and treatment outcomes. An integrated team of healthcare providers that incorporates societies' recommendations into clinical practice can help achieve the best possible outcomes. A multidisciplinary panel of experts in oncology, nutrition, exercise, and medicine participated in a 2-day virtual roundtable in October 2020 to discuss gaps and opportunities in oncology nutrition, alone and in combination with exercise, relative to current evidence and international societies' recommendations. The panel recommended five principles to optimize clinical oncology practice: (1) position oncology nutrition at the center of multidisciplinary care; (2) partner with colleagues and administrators to integrate a nutrition care process into the multidisciplinary cancer care approach; (3) screen all patients for malnutrition risk at diagnosis and regularly throughout treatment; (4) combine exercise and nutrition interventions before (e.g., prehabilitation), during, and after treatment as oncology standard of care to optimize nutrition status and muscle mass; and (5) incorporate a patient-centered approach into multidisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alessandro Laviano
- Department of Translation and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chelsia Gillis
- Peri Operative Program, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anthony D Sung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Maureen Gardner
- Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, Fort Myers, FL, USA
| | - Suayib Yalcin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Abby C Sauer
- Scientific & Medical Affairs, Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Refaat Hegazi
- Scientific & Medical Affairs, Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Martin R Chasen
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,William Osler Health System, Brampton, ON, Canada. .,Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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30
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Trussardi Fayh AP, de Sousa IM. Comparison of revised EWGSOP2 criteria of sarcopenia in patients with cancer using different parameters of muscle mass. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257446. [PMID: 34520502 PMCID: PMC8439478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Calf circumference (CC) has been established as a marker of muscle mass (MM) with good performance for predicting survival in individuals with cancer. The study aims to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria and to evaluate the accuracy of sarcopenia using low CC relative to MM assessment by computed tomography (CT) at third lumbar vertebra level (L3) as a reference. Cross-sectional study with cancer patients aged ≥ 60 years. Data included socio-demographic, clinical and anthropometric variables. MM was assessed by CC and by CT images at the L3. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the EWGSOP2 criteria: a) low handgrip strength (HGS) + reduced MM evaluated by CT; and b) low HGS + low CC. Pearson's correlation, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value were analyzed. A total of 108 patients were evaluated, age of 70.6 ± 7.4 years (mean ± standard deviation). The prevalence of sarcopenia was of 24.1% (low MM) and 25.9% (low CC). The Kappa test showed a substantial agreement (K = 0.704), 81% sensitivity, and 92% specificity. Although the EWGSOP2 advises that we should use CC measures in the algorithm for sarcopenia when no other MM diagnostic methods are available, the findings allow the use of CC instead of MM by CT in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Iasmin Matias de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Arnal-Gómez A, Cebrià i Iranzo MA, Tomas JM, Tortosa-Chuliá MA, Balasch-Bernat M, Sentandreu-Mañó T, Forcano S, Cezón-Serrano N. Using the Updated EWGSOP2 Definition in Diagnosing Sarcopenia in Spanish Older Adults: Clinical Approach. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1018. [PMID: 33801427 PMCID: PMC7958601 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) has updated diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, which consist of one or more measures of muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance, plus an initial screening test called SARC-F. The main objective was to compare the number of cases of sarcopenia, using the different measurements and screening options. A cross-sectional study was conducted on Spanish older adults (n = 272, 72% women). Combining the different measures proposed by the steps described in the EWGSOP2 algorithm, 12 options were obtained (A-L). These options were studied in each of the three models: (1) using SARC-F as initial screening; (2) not using SARC-F; and (3) using SARC-CalF instead of SARC-F. A χ2 independence test was statistically significant (χ2(6) = 88.41, p < 0.001), and the association between the algorithm used and the classification of sarcopenia was moderate (Cramer's V = 0.226). We conclude that the different EWGSOP2 measurement options imply case-finding differences in the studied population. Moreover, when applying the SARC-F, the number of people classified as sarcopenic decreases. Finally, when SARC-CalF is used as screening, case finding of sarcopenic people decreases. Thus, clinical settings should consider these outcomes, since these steps can make preventive and therapeutic interventions on sarcopenia vary widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Arnal-Gómez
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (M.B.-B.); (T.S.-M.); (N.C.-S.)
- Research Unit in Clinical Biomechanics (UBIC), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria A. Cebrià i Iranzo
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (M.B.-B.); (T.S.-M.); (N.C.-S.)
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Physiotherapy in Motion, MultiSpeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Tomas
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Advanced Research Methods Applied to Quality of Life Promotion (ARMAQoL), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria A. Tortosa-Chuliá
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Psychological Development, Health and Society (PSDEHESO), University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercè Balasch-Bernat
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (M.B.-B.); (T.S.-M.); (N.C.-S.)
- Physiotherapy in Motion, MultiSpeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Trinidad Sentandreu-Mañó
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (M.B.-B.); (T.S.-M.); (N.C.-S.)
- Advanced Research Methods Applied to Quality of Life Promotion (ARMAQoL), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Forcano
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Natalia Cezón-Serrano
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (M.B.-B.); (T.S.-M.); (N.C.-S.)
- Physiotherapy in Motion, MultiSpeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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SARC-F and SARC-CalF in screening for sarcopenia in older adults with Parkinson's disease. Exp Gerontol 2020; 144:111183. [PMID: 33279661 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have investigated the performance of screening tools in truly sarcopenic individuals, especially subgroups of this population, or in comparison to previous and current criteria for the definition of sarcopenia. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the performance of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in screening for sarcopenia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in comparison to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the 2010 (1) and 2019 (2) European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). METHODS A methodological, cross-sectional study was conducted involving male and female patients ≥60 years of age diagnosed with PD in outpatient care. The risk of sarcopenia was assessed using the SARC-F and SARC-CalF questionnaires, the latter of which includes the calf circumference as an additional item. RESULTS Sixty patients were evaluated (mean age: 68.9 ± 6.5 years). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 21.7% according to EWGSOP-2 and 55.0% according to EWGSOP-1. Positive screening for sarcopenia was 30% according to the SARC-F and 36.7% according to SARC-CalF. The sensitivity of the SARC-F for the detection of sarcopenia was 27.2% and 23.1% using the criteria of the 2010 and 2019 consensuses, respectively. The comparative analysis of the SARC-CalF revealed a better performance in the diagnostic discrimination with the addition of calf circumference, with sensitivity ranging from 53.8 to 54.5%. Higher sensitivity was found on items addressing the ability to stand up from a chair and climb stairs (69.2%) and the occurrence of falls (76.9%) compared to the use of the complete questionnaire. CONCLUSION Relatively low sensitivity and an underestimation of sarcopenia were found in the analysis of the SARC-F as a screening tool for sarcopenia. Thus, a significant number of sarcopenic patients would not be identified using this screening tool alone. The SARC-CalF performed better than the SARC-F.
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Kiss N, Loeliger J, Findlay M, Isenring E, Baguley BJ, Boltong A, Butler A, Deftereos I, Eisenhuth M, Fraser SF, Fichera R, Griffin H, Hayes S, Jeffery E, Johnson C, Lomma C, van der Meij B, McIntyre C, Nicholls T, Pugliano L, Skinner T, Stewart J, Bauer J. Clinical Oncology Society of Australia: Position statement on cancer-related malnutrition and sarcopenia. Nutr Diet 2020; 77:416-425. [PMID: 32803904 PMCID: PMC7540290 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This position statement describes the recommendations of the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) regarding management of cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia. A multidisciplinary working group completed a review of the literature, focused on evidence‐based guidelines, systematic reviews and meta‐analyses, to develop recommendations for the position statement. National consultation of the position statement content was undertaken through COSA members. All people with cancer should be screened for malnutrition and sarcopenia in all health settings at diagnosis and as the clinical situation changes throughout treatment and recovery. People identified as “at risk” of malnutrition or with a high‐risk cancer diagnosis or treatment plan should have a comprehensive nutrition assessment; people identified as “at risk” of sarcopenia should have a comprehensive evaluation of muscle status using a combination of assessments for muscle mass, muscle strength and function. All people with cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia should have access to the core components of treatment, including medical nutrition therapy, targeted exercise prescription and physical and psychological symptom management. Treatment for cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia should be individualised, in collaboration with the multidisciplinary team (MDT), and tailored to meet needs at each stage of cancer treatment. Health services should ensure a broad range of health care professionals across the MDT have the skills and confidence to recognise malnutrition and sarcopenia to facilitate timely referrals and treatment. The position statement is expected to provide guidance at a national level to improve the multidisciplinary management of cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kiss
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Allied Health, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jenelle Loeliger
- Allied Health, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Merran Findlay
- Cancer Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Isenring
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brenton J Baguley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna Boltong
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexis Butler
- GP Liaison, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Irene Deftereos
- Department of Surgery Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Eisenhuth
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steve F Fraser
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Fichera
- Nutrition and Dietetics Departments, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hayley Griffin
- Clinical Oncology Society of Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandi Hayes
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emily Jeffery
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Johnson
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Service, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Lomma
- Medical Oncology Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Barbara van der Meij
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Dietetics and Food Services, Mater Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carolyn McIntyre
- School of Medical and Health Science, Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tracey Nicholls
- Department of ENT Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lina Pugliano
- Medical Oncology, Northern Cancer Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tina Skinner
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jane Stewart
- Allied Health, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Judy Bauer
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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