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Liu M, Gu J, Chen L, Sun W, Huang X, Gan J. Overexpression of DTX1 inhibits D-GalN/TNF-α-induced pyroptosis and inflammation in hepatocytes by regulating NLRP3 ubiquitination. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae145. [PMID: 39319341 PMCID: PMC11417960 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute liver injury (ALI) is characterized by massive hepatocyte death and has high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepatocyte pyroptosis plays a key role in the pathophysiology of ALI and is involved in the inflammatory response mediated by NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Deltex 1 (DTX1) is a single transmembrane protein with ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and is closely involved in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as intracellular signal transduction. However, little is known about the influence of DTX1 on ALI. This study aimed to investigate the role of DTX1 in pyroptosis and inflammation induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) in human hepatocytes (LO2 cells) in vitro. Methods Cell pyroptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The levels of DTX1, pyroptosis-associated proteins, and inflammatory cytokines were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunofluorescence staining, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination, and luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to detect the regulation between DTX1 and NLRP3 or hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α). Analysis of variance was performed to compare groups. Results We found that DTX1 was decreased in D-GalN/TNF-α-induced LO2 cells. DTX1 overexpression significantly inhibited D-GalN/TNF-α-induced cell pyroptosis and inflammation. DTX1 interacted with NLRP3 and induced NLRP3 ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, by targeting NLRP3, DTX1 knockdown significantly induced cell pyroptosis and inflammation. In addition, HNF4α promoted DTX1 transcription by binding with its promoter. Conclusion Our study revealed that DTX1 suppressed D-GalN/TNF-α-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis and inflammation by regulating NLRP3 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshui Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second People’s Hospital of Taizhou Affiliated to Yangzhou University, No 27 Jiankang Road, Jiangyan District, Taizhou 225500, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jianhe Gan
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, China
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Vonolfen MC, Meyer Zu Altenschildesche FL, Nam HJ, Brodesser S, Gyenis A, Buellesbach J, Lam G, Thummel CS, Storelli G. Drosophila HNF4 acts in distinct tissues to direct a switch between lipid storage and export in the gut. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114693. [PMID: 39235946 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrient digestion, absorption, and export must be coordinated in the gut to meet the nutritional needs of the organism. We used the Drosophila intestine to characterize the mechanisms that coordinate the fate of dietary lipids. We identified enterocytes specialized in absorbing and exporting lipids to peripheral organs. Distinct hepatocyte-like cells, called oenocytes, communicate with these enterocytes to adjust intestinal lipid storage and export. A single transcription factor, Drosophila hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (dHNF4), supports this gut-liver axis. In enterocytes, dHNF4 maximizes dietary lipid export by preventing their sequestration in cytoplasmic lipid droplets. In oenocytes, dHNF4 promotes the expression of the insulin antagonist ImpL2 to activate Foxo and suppress lipid retention in enterocytes. Disruption of this switch between lipid storage and export is associated with intestinal inflammation, suggesting a lipidic origin for inflammatory bowel diseases. These studies establish dHNF4 as a central regulator of intestinal metabolism and inter-organ lipid trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian C Vonolfen
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fenja L Meyer Zu Altenschildesche
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hyuck-Jin Nam
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5330, USA
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Akos Gyenis
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Buellesbach
- Institute for Evolution & Biodiversity, University of Münster, Hüfferstrasse 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Geanette Lam
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5330, USA
| | - Carl S Thummel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5330, USA
| | - Gilles Storelli
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Manceau R, Majeur D, Cherian CM, Miller CJ, Wat LW, Fisher JD, Labarre A, Hollman S, Prakash S, Audet S, Chao CF, Depaauw-Holt L, Rogers B, Bosson A, Xi JJY, Callow CAS, Yoosefi N, Shahraki N, Xia YH, Hui A, VanderZwaag J, Bouyakdan K, Rodaros D, Kotchetkov P, Daneault C, Fallahpour G, Tetreault M, Tremblay MÈ, Ruiz M, Lacoste B, Parker JA, Murphy-Royal C, Huan T, Fulton S, Rideout EJ, Alquier T. Neuronal lipid droplets play a conserved and sex-biased role in maintaining whole-body energy homeostasis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.19.613929. [PMID: 39345476 PMCID: PMC11429983 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.19.613929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Lipids are essential for neuron development and physiology. Yet, the central hubs that coordinate lipid supply and demand in neurons remain unclear. Here, we combine invertebrate and vertebrate models to establish the presence and functional significance of neuronal lipid droplets (LD) in vivo . We find that LD are normally present in neurons in a non-uniform distribution across the brain, and demonstrate triglyceride metabolism enzymes and lipid droplet-associated proteins control neuronal LD formation through both canonical and recently-discovered pathways. Appropriate LD regulation in neurons has conserved and male-biased effects on whole-body energy homeostasis across flies and mice, specifically neurons that couple environmental cues with energy homeostasis. Mechanistically, LD-derived lipids support neuron function by providing phospholipids to sustain mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Together, our work identifies a conserved role for LD as the organelle that coordinates lipid management in neurons, with implications for our understanding of mechanisms that preserve neuronal lipid homeostasis and function in health and disease. HIGHLIGHTS Lipid droplets (LD) normally form in neurons across species Neuronal LD are regulated by a conserved gene networkNeuronal LD regulation plays a conserved and sex-biased role in maintaining energy homeostasisLD regulation supports ER and mitochondrial function in hunger-activated neurons. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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4
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Fasteen TD, Hernandez MR, Policastro RA, Sterrett MC, Zenter GE, Tennessen JM. The Drosophila Estrogen-Related Receptor promotes triglyceride storage within the larval fat body. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.13.612925. [PMID: 39314431 PMCID: PMC11419140 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.13.612925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR) family of nuclear receptors (NRs) serve key roles in coordinating triglyceride (TAG) accumulation with juvenile growth and development. In both insects and mammals, ERR activity promotes TAG storage during the post-embryonic growth phase, with loss-of-function mutations in mouse Esrra and Drosophila melanogaster dERR inducing a lean phenotype. However, the role of insect ERRs in controlling TAG accumulation within adipose tissue remains poorly understood, as previous transcriptomic and metabolomic studies relied on whole animal analyses. Here we address this shortcoming by using tissue-specific approaches to examine the role of dERR in regulating lipid metabolism within the Drosophila larval fat body. We find that dERR autonomously promotes TAG accumulation within fat body cells and regulates expression of genes involved in glycolysis, β-oxidation, and mevalonate metabolism. As an extension of these results, we not only discovered that dERR mutant fat bodies exhibit decreased expression of known dHNF4 target genes but also found that dHNF4 activity is decreased in dERR mutants. Overall, our findings indicate that dERR plays a multifaceted role in the larval fat body to coordinate lipid storage with developmental growth and hint at a conserved mechanism by which ERR and HNF4 homologs coordinately regulate metabolic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess D Fasteen
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | | | - Maria C Sterrett
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Gabriel E Zenter
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jason M Tennessen
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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5
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Gera J, Kumar D, Chauhan G, Choudhary A, Rani L, Mandal L, Mandal S. High sugar diet-induced fatty acid oxidation potentiates cytokine-dependent cardiac ECM remodeling. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202306087. [PMID: 38916917 PMCID: PMC11199913 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202306087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Context-dependent physiological remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for development and organ homeostasis. On the other hand, consumption of high-caloric diet leverages ECM remodeling to create pathological conditions that impede the functionality of different organs, including the heart. However, the mechanistic basis of high caloric diet-induced ECM remodeling has yet to be elucidated. Employing in vivo molecular genetic analyses in Drosophila, we demonstrate that high dietary sugar triggers ROS-independent activation of JNK signaling to promote fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the pericardial cells (nephrocytes). An elevated level of FAO, in turn, induces histone acetylation-dependent transcriptional upregulation of the cytokine Unpaired 3 (Upd3). Release of pericardial Upd3 augments fat body-specific expression of the cardiac ECM protein Pericardin, leading to progressive cardiac fibrosis. Importantly, this pathway is quite distinct from the ROS-Ask1-JNK/p38 axis that regulates Upd3 expression under normal physiological conditions. Our results unravel an unknown physiological role of FAO in cytokine-dependent ECM remodeling, bearing implications in diabetic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Gera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Dheeraj Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Gunjan Chauhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Adarsh Choudhary
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Lavi Rani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Lolitika Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sudip Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India
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6
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Ramesh P, Tiwari SK, Kaizer M, Jangra D, Ghosh K, Mandal S, Mandal L. The NF-κB Factor Relish maintains blood progenitor homeostasis in the developing Drosophila lymph gland. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011403. [PMID: 39250509 PMCID: PMC11424005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-larval hematopoiesis in Drosophila largely depends upon the stockpile of progenitors present in the blood-forming organ/lymph gland of the larvae. During larval stages, the lymph gland progenitors gradually accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is essential to prime them for differentiation. Studies have shown that ROS triggers the activation of JNK (c-Jun Kinase), which upregulates fatty acid oxidation (FAO) to facilitate progenitor differentiation. Intriguingly, despite having ROS, the entire progenitor pool does not differentiate simultaneously in the late larval stages. Using expression analyses, genetic manipulation and pharmacological approaches, we found that the Drosophila NF-κB transcription factor Relish (Rel) shields the progenitor pool from the metabolic pathway that inducts them into the differentiation program by curtailing the activation of JNK. Although ROS serves as the metabolic signal for progenitor differentiation, the input from ROS is monitored by the developmental signal TAK1, which is regulated by Relish. This developmental circuit ensures that the stockpile of ROS-primed progenitors is not exhausted entirely. Our study sheds light on how, during development, integrating NF-κB-like factors with metabolic pathways seem crucial to regulating cell fate transition during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Ramesh
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
| | - Satish Kumar Tiwari
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
| | - Md Kaizer
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
| | - Deepak Jangra
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
| | - Kaustuv Ghosh
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
| | - Sudip Mandal
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
| | - Lolitika Mandal
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Punjab, INDIA
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7
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He Q, Chen S, Hou T, Chen J. Juvenile hormone-induced microRNA miR-iab-8 regulates lipid homeostasis and metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39005109 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Metamorphosis plays an important role in the evolutionary success of insects. Accumulating evidence indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of processes associated with insect metamorphosis. However, the miRNAs coordinated with juvenile hormone (JH)-regulated metamorphosis remain poorly reported. In the present study, using high-throughput miRNA sequencing combined with Drosophila genetic approaches, we demonstrated that miR-iab-8, which primarily targets homeotic genes to modulate haltere-wing transformation and sterility was up-regulated by JH and involved in JH-mediated metamorphosis. Overexpression of miR-iab-8 in the fat body resulted in delayed development and failure of larval-pupal transition. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis results revealed that overexpression of miR-iab-8 caused severe energy metabolism defects especially the lipid metabolism, resulting in significantly reduced triacylglycerol (TG) content and glycerophospholipids but enhanced accumulation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). In line with this, Nile red staining demonstrated that during the third larval development, the TG content in the miR-iab-8 overexpression larvae was continuously decreased, which is opposite to the control. Additionally, the transcription levels of genes committed to TG synthesis and breakdown were found to be significantly increased and the expression of genes responsible for glycerophospholipids metabolism were also altered. Overall, we proposed that JH induced miR-iab-8 expression to perturb the lipid metabolism homeostasis especially the TG storage in the fat body, which in turn affected larval growth and metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu He
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Tianlan Hou
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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8
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Liu M, Hemba-Waduge RUS, Li X, Huang X, Liu TH, Han X, Wang Y, Ji JY. Wnt/Wingless signaling promotes lipid mobilization through signal-induced transcriptional repression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322066121. [PMID: 38968125 PMCID: PMC11252803 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322066121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway plays critical roles in metazoan development and energy metabolism, but its role in regulating lipid homeostasis remains not fully understood. Here, we report that the activation of canonical Wnt/Wg signaling promotes lipolysis while concurrently inhibiting lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in both larval and adult adipocytes, as well as cultured S2R+ cells, in Drosophila. Using RNA-sequencing and CUT&RUN (Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease) assays, we identified a set of Wnt target genes responsible for intracellular lipid homeostasis. Notably, active Wnt signaling directly represses the transcription of these genes, resulting in decreased de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation, but increased lipolysis. These changes lead to elevated free fatty acids and reduced triglyceride (TG) accumulation in adipocytes with active Wnt signaling. Conversely, downregulation of Wnt signaling in the fat body promotes TG accumulation in both larval and adult adipocytes. The attenuation of Wnt signaling also increases the expression of specific lipid metabolism-related genes in larval adipocytes, wing discs, and adult intestines. Taken together, these findings suggest that Wnt signaling-induced transcriptional repression plays an important role in regulating lipid homeostasis by enhancing lipolysis while simultaneously suppressing lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA70112
| | | | - Xiao Li
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08540
| | - Xiahe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Tzu-Hao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA70112
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX78229
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Jun-Yuan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA70112
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9
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Wegener C, Amatobi KM, Ozbek-Unal AG, Fekete A. Circadian Control of Lipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38874889 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2024_810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
To ensure optimum health and performance, lipid metabolism needs to be temporally aligned to other body processes and to daily changes in the environment. Central and peripheral circadian clocks and environmental signals such as light provide internal and external time cues to the body. Importantly, each of the key organs involved in insect lipid metabolism contains a molecular clockwork which ticks with a varying degree of autonomy from the central clock in the brain. In this chapter, we review our current knowledge about peripheral clocks in the insect fat body, gut and oenocytes, and light- and circadian-driven diel patterns in lipid metabolites and lipid-related transcripts. In addition, we highlight selected neuroendocrine signaling pathways that are or may be involved in the temporal coordination and control of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wegener
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Kelechi M Amatobi
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ayten Gizem Ozbek-Unal
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agnes Fekete
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Musselman LP, Truong HG, DiAngelo JR. Transcriptional Control of Lipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38782870 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2024_808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Transcriptional control of lipid metabolism uses a framework that parallels the control of lipid metabolism at the protein or enzyme level, via feedback and feed-forward mechanisms. Increasing the substrates for an enzyme often increases enzyme gene expression, for example. A paucity of product can likewise potentiate transcription or stability of the mRNA encoding the enzyme or enzymes needed to produce it. In addition, changes in second messengers or cellular energy charge can act as on/off switches for transcriptional regulators to control transcript (and protein) abundance. Insects use a wide range of DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) that sense changes in the cell and its environment to produce the appropriate change in transcription at gene promoters. These TFs work together with histones, spliceosomes, and additional RNA processing factors to ultimately regulate lipid metabolism. In this chapter, we will first focus on the important TFs that control lipid metabolism in insects. Next, we will describe non-TF regulators of insect lipid metabolism such as enzymes that modify acetylation and methylation status, transcriptional coactivators, splicing factors, and microRNAs. To conclude, we consider future goals for studying the mechanisms underlying the control of lipid metabolism in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palanker Musselman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Huy G Truong
- Division of Science, Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus, Reading, PA, USA
| | - Justin R DiAngelo
- Division of Science, Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus, Reading, PA, USA.
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11
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Taylor AL, Dubuisson O, Pandey P, Zunica ERM, Vandanmagsar B, Dantas WS, Johnson A, Axelrod CL, Kirwan JP. Restricting bioenergetic efficiency enhances longevity and mitochondrial redox capacity in Drosophila melanogaster. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14107. [PMID: 38343281 PMCID: PMC11113268 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for survival and as such, impairments in organelle homeostasis significantly accelerate age-related morbidity and mortality. Here, we determined the contribution of bioenergetic efficiency to life span and health span in Drosophila melanogaster utilizing the mitochondrial uncoupler BAM15. Life span was determined in flies fed a normal diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with vehicle or BAM15. Locomotor function was determined by negative geotaxis assay in middle-aged flies fed vehicle or BAM15 under ND or HFD conditions. Redox capacity (high-resolution respirometry/fluorometry), citrate synthase (enzyme activity), mtDNA content (qPCR), gene expression (qPCR), and protein expression (western blot) were assessed in flight muscle homogenates of middle-aged flies fed vehicle or BAM15 ND. The molar ratio of H2O2 and O2 (H2O2:O2) in a defined respiratory state was calculated as a measure of redox balance. BAM15 extended life span by 9% on ND and 25% on HFD and improved locomotor activity by 125% on ND and 53% on HFD. Additionally, BAM15 enhanced oxidative phosphorylation capacity supported by pyruvate + malate, proline, and glycerol 3-phosphate. Concurrently, BAM15 enhanced the mitochondrial H2O2 production rate, reverse electron flow from mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) to Complex I, mGPDH, and Complex I without altering the H2O2:O2 ratio. BAM15 upregulated transcriptional signatures associated with mitochondrial function and fitness as well as antioxidant defense. BAM15-mediated restriction of bioenergetic efficiency prolongs life span and health span in Drosophila fed a ND or HFD. Improvements in life span and health span in ND were supported by synergistic enhancement of muscular redox capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analisa L. Taylor
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Olga Dubuisson
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Pritika Pandey
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Elizabeth R. M. Zunica
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Bolormaa Vandanmagsar
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Wagner S. Dantas
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Alyssa Johnson
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Christopher L. Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
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12
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Geng DQ, Wang XL, Lyu XY, Raikhel AS, Zou Z. Ecdysone-controlled nuclear receptor ERR regulates metabolic homeostasis in the disease vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011196. [PMID: 38466721 PMCID: PMC10957079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematophagous mosquitoes require vertebrate blood for their reproductive cycles, making them effective vectors for transmitting dangerous human diseases. Thus, high-intensity metabolism is needed to support reproductive events of female mosquitoes. However, the regulatory mechanism linking metabolism and reproduction in mosquitoes remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of estrogen-related receptor (ERR), a nuclear receptor, is activated by the direct binding of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and ecdysone receptor (EcR) to the ecdysone response element (EcRE) in the ERR promoter region during the gonadotropic cycle of Aedes aegypti (named AaERR). RNA interference (RNAi) of AaERR in female mosquitoes led to delayed development of ovaries. mRNA abundance of genes encoding key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism (CM)-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and pyruvate kinase (PYK)-was significantly decreased in AaERR knockdown mosquitoes, while the levels of metabolites, such as glycogen, glucose, and trehalose, were elevated. The expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was notably downregulated, and lipid accumulation was reduced in response to AaERR depletion. Dual luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) determined that AaERR directly activated the expression of metabolic genes, such as GPI, PYK, and FAS, by binding to the corresponding AaERR-responsive motif in the promoter region of these genes. Our results have revealed an important role of AaERR in the regulation of metabolism during mosquito reproduction and offer a novel target for mosquito control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alexander S. Raikhel
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Hou Y, Shi P, Du H, Zhu C, Tang C, Que L, Zhu G, Liu L, Chen Q, Li C, Shao G, Li Y, Li J. HNF4α ubiquitination mediated by Peli1 impairs FAO and accelerates pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:135. [PMID: 38346961 PMCID: PMC10861518 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a prominent feature of metabolic remodeling observed in pathological myocardial hypertrophy. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4α) is closely associated with FAO in both cellular processes and disease conditions. Pellino 1 (Peli1), an E3 ligase containing a RING-like domain, plays a crucial role in catalyzing polyubiquitination of various substrates. In this study, we aimed to investigate the involvement of HNF4α and its ubiquitination, facilitated by Peli1, in FAO during pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Peli1 systemic knockout mice (Peli1KO) display improved myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac function following transverse aortic constriction (TAC). RNA-seq analysis revealed that changes in gene expression related to lipid metabolism caused by TAC were reversed in Peli1KO mice. Importantly, both HNF4α and its downstream genes involved in FAO showed a significant increase in Peli1KO mice. We further used the antagonist BI6015 to inhibit HNF4α and delivered rAAV9-HNF4α to elevate myocardial HNF4α level, and confirmed that HNF4α inhibits the development of cardiac hypertrophy after TAC and is essential for the enhancement of FAO mediated by Peli1 knockout. In vitro experiments using BODIPY incorporation and FAO stress assay demonstrated that HNF4α enhances FAO in cardiomyocytes stimulated with angiotension II (Ang II), while Peli1 suppresses the effect of HNF4α. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses confirmed that Peli1 binds to HNF4α via its RING-like domain and promotes HNF4α ubiquitination at residues K307 and K309. These findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms contributing to impaired FAO and offer valuable insights into a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Pengxi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Haiyang Du
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chenghao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Linli Que
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Campus Box 70575, Johnson City, TN, 37614-0575, USA
| | - Guoqiang Shao
- Department of nuclear medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jiantao Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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14
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Lin X, Zhang H, Gao H, Yuan X, Liu Z. The transcription factor CREB3-2 regulated neutral lipase gene expression in ovary of Nilaparvata lugens. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105632. [PMID: 37945264 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 (CREB3) members have unique regulatory roles in cellular lipid metabolism as transcription factors. Two CREB3 proteins in Nilaparvata lugens were identified and analyzed. In ovary, when silencing NlCREB3-2, triacylglycerol (TAG) content dramatically increased but glycerol and free fatty acid (FFA) significantly decreased, which implicated that NlCREB3-2 was involved in the lipase-related TAG metabolism. In N. lugens, five neutral lipases with complete features for TAG hydrolytic activity and high expression in ovary were focused. Among them, the expression levels of three neutral lipase genes were significantly down-regulated by NlCREB3-2 RNAi. The direct regulation of NlCREB3-2 towards the three neutral lipase genes was evidenced by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. After jointly silencing three neutral lipase genes, TAG and glycerol contents displayed similar changes as NlCREB3-2 RNAi. The study proved that NlCREB3-2 participated in TAG metabolism in ovary via the direct activation towards the ovary-specific neutral lipase genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haoli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaowei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
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15
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Abstract
Nutrient intake is obligatory for animal growth and development, but nutrients alone are not sufficient. Indeed, insulin and homologous hormones are required for normal growth even in the presence of nutrients. These hormones communicate nutrient status between organs, allowing animals to coordinate growth and metabolism with nutrient supply. Insulin and related hormones, such as insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like peptides, play important roles in development and metabolism, with defects in insulin production and signaling leading to hyperglycemia and diabetes. Here, we describe the insulin hormone family and the signal transduction pathways activated by these hormones. We highlight the roles of insulin signaling in coordinating maternal and fetal metabolism and growth during pregnancy, and we describe how secretion of insulin is regulated at different life stages. Additionally, we discuss the roles of insulin signaling in cell growth, stem cell proliferation and cell differentiation. We provide examples of the role of insulin in development across multiple model organisms: Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, zebrafish, mouse and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Suzawa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Michelle L. Bland
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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16
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Lees J, Pèrtille F, Løtvedt P, Jensen P, Bosagna CG. The mitoepigenome responds to stress, suggesting novel mito-nuclear interactions in vertebrates. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:561. [PMID: 37736707 PMCID: PMC10515078 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria are central in the cellular response to changing environmental conditions resulting from disease states, environmental exposures or normal physiological processes. Although the influences of environmental stressors upon the nuclear epigenome are well characterized, the existence and role of the mitochondrial epigenome remains contentious. Here, by quantifying the mitochondrial epigenomic response of pineal gland cells to circadian stress, we confirm the presence of extensive cytosine methylation within the mitochondrial genome. Furthermore, we identify distinct epigenetically plastic regions (mtDMRs) which vary in cytosinic methylation, primarily in a non CpG context, in response to stress and in a sex-specific manner. Motifs enriched in mtDMRs contain recognition sites for nuclear-derived DNA-binding factors (ATF4, HNF4A) important in the cellular metabolic stress response, which we found to be conserved across diverse vertebrate taxa. Together, these findings suggest a new layer of mito-nuclear interaction in which the nuclear metabolic stress response could alter mitochondrial transcriptional dynamics through the binding of nuclear-derived transcription factors in a methylation-dependent context.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lees
- Evolutionsbiologiskt Centrum (EBC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden
| | - Fábio Pèrtille
- Evolutionsbiologiskt Centrum (EBC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden
| | - Pia Løtvedt
- Institutionen För Fysik, Kemi Och Biologi (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, 58330, Sweden
| | - Per Jensen
- Institutionen För Fysik, Kemi Och Biologi (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, 58330, Sweden
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17
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Zhao J, Yan S, Li M, Sun L, Dong M, Yin M, Shen J, Zhao Z. NPFR regulates the synthesis and metabolism of lipids and glycogen via AMPK: Novel targets for efficient corn borer management. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125816. [PMID: 37451386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
RNA biopesticides are regarded as "the third revolution in the history of pesticides" due to their extensive advantages such as precision, high efficiency, green, pollution-free, etc. In the current study, two target genes encoding neuropeptide F receptor (NPFR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which are essential for insect feeding, cellular energy homeostasis and nutrient availability, were selected to design RNA pesticides. We achieved high RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency of npfr via a star polycation nanocarrier-based double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery system. The food consumption of Ostrinia furnacalis is largely suppressed, which leads to a good protective effect on corn leaves. We determined the mechanism of the above genes. NPFR binds to the Gα protein and activates the intracellular second messengers cAMP and Ca2+, which in turn phosphorylate AMPK to regulate the synthesis and metabolism of lipids and glycogen. We then adopted a highly efficient bacteria-based expression system for the production of large amounts of dsRNA segments targeting npfr and ampk simultaneously and subsequently complexed them with nanocarriers to develop a novel dual-target RNA pesticide. Our RNA nanopesticide dramatically inhibits larval feeding, growth and development, and its controlling effect is even better than that of the widely used anti-feedant azadirachtin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhao
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Mingshan Li
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lina Sun
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Min Dong
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zhangwu Zhao
- Department of Entomology and MARA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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18
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Doering KRS, Ermakova G, Taubert S. Nuclear hormone receptor NHR-49 is an essential regulator of stress resilience and healthy aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1241591. [PMID: 37645565 PMCID: PMC10461480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1241591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome of Caenorhabditis elegans encodes 284 nuclear hormone receptor, which perform diverse functions in development and physiology. One of the best characterized of these is NHR-49, related in sequence and function to mammalian hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. Initially identified as regulator of lipid metabolism, including fatty acid catabolism and desaturation, additional important roles for NHR-49 have since emerged. It is an essential contributor to longevity in several genetic and environmental contexts, and also plays vital roles in the resistance to several stresses and innate immune response to infection with various bacterial pathogens. Here, we review how NHR-49 is integrated into pertinent signaling circuits and how it achieves its diverse functions. We also highlight areas for future investigation including identification of regulatory inputs that drive NHR-49 activity and identification of tissue-specific gene regulatory outputs. We anticipate that future work on this protein will provide information that could be useful for developing strategies to age-associated declines in health and age-related human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsie R. S. Doering
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Edwin S. H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Glafira Ermakova
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Edwin S. H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stefan Taubert
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Edwin S. H. Leong Centre for Healthy Aging, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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19
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Vemuri K, Radi SH, Sladek FM, Verzi MP. Multiple roles and regulatory mechanisms of the transcription factor HNF4 in the intestine. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1232569. [PMID: 37635981 PMCID: PMC10450339 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1232569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4α) drives a complex array of transcriptional programs across multiple organs. Beyond its previously documented function in the liver, HNF4α has crucial roles in the kidney, intestine, and pancreas. In the intestine, a multitude of functions have been attributed to HNF4 and its accessory transcription factors, including but not limited to, intestinal maturation, differentiation, regeneration, and stem cell renewal. Functional redundancy between HNF4α and its intestine-restricted paralog HNF4γ, and co-regulation with other transcription factors drive these functions. Dysregulated expression of HNF4 results in a wide range of disease manifestations, including the development of a chronic inflammatory state in the intestine. In this review, we focus on the multiple molecular mechanisms of HNF4 in the intestine and explore translational opportunities. We aim to introduce new perspectives in understanding intestinal genetics and the complexity of gastrointestinal disorders through the lens of HNF4 transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiranmayi Vemuri
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sarah H. Radi
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Frances M. Sladek
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Michael P. Verzi
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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20
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Grassi M, Laubscher B, Pandey AV, Tschumi S, Graber F, Schaller A, Janner M, Aeberli D, Hewer E, Nuoffer JM, Gautschi M. Expanding the p.(Arg85Trp) Variant-Specific Phenotype of HNF4A: Features of Glycogen Storage Disease, Liver Cirrhosis, Impaired Mitochondrial Function, and Glomerular Changes. Mol Syndromol 2023; 14:347-361. [PMID: 37766831 PMCID: PMC10521240 DOI: 10.1159/000529306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The p.(Arg85Trp) variant-specific phenotype of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha shows a complex clinical picture affecting three different organ systems and their corresponding metabolisms. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved and their relationship with the diverse symptoms seen in the context of this specific variant. Here, we present data of a new patient that expand the clinical phenotype, suggesting possible disease mechanisms. Case Presentation Clinical data were extracted from the patient's charts. The liver, kidney, and muscle were analyzed with routine histology and electron microscopy. Mitochondrial function was assessed by respirometric analyses and enzymatic activity assays. Structure and sequence analyses of this specific variant were investigated by in silico analyses. Our patient showed the known features of the variant-specific phenotype, including macrosomia, congenital hyperinsulinism, transient hepatomegaly, and renal Fanconi syndrome. In addition to that, she showed liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney failure, and altered mitochondrial morphology and function. The clinical and biochemical phenotype had features of a new type of glycogen storage disease. Discussion This case expands the p.(Arg85Trp) variant-specific phenotype. Possible pathomechanistic explanations for the documented multiorgan involvement and changes of symptoms and signs during development of this ultra-rare but instructive disorder are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Grassi
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Laubscher
- Department of Pediatrics, Réseau hospitalier neuchâtelois, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amit V. Pandey
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sibylle Tschumi
- Pediatric Nephrology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - André Schaller
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco Janner
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Aeberli
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ekkehard Hewer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Nuoffer
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Gautschi
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Zhu S, Wang S, Luo T. Exogenous galanin alleviates hepatic steatosis by promoting autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109689. [PMID: 37429535 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Defective autophagy-induced intracellular lipid degradation is causally associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Therefore, agents that can restore autophagy may have potential clinical application prospects on this public health issue. Galanin (GAL) is a pleiotropic peptide that regulates autophagy and is a potential drug for the treatment of NAFLD. In this study, we used an MCD-induced NAFLD mouse model in vivo and an FFA-induced HepG2 hepatocyte model in vitro to evaluate the anti-NAFLD effect of GAL. Exogenous GAL supplementation significantly attenuated lipid droplet accumulation and suppressed hepatocyte TG levels in mice and cell models. Mechanistically, Galanin-mediated reduction of lipid accumulation was positively correlated with upregulated p-AMPK, as evidenced by upregulated protein expressions of fatty acid oxidation-related gene markers (PPAR-α and CPT1A), upregulated expressions of the autophagy-related marker (LC3B), and downregulated autophagic substrate p62 levels. In FFA-treated HepG2 cells, activation of fatty acid oxidation and autophagy-related proteins by galanin was reversed by autophagy inhibitors, chloroquine, and the AMPK inhibitor. Galanin ameliorates hepatic fat accumulation by inducing autophagy and fatty acid oxidation via the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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22
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De Paula IF, Santos-Araujo S, Majerowicz D, Ramos I, Gondim KC. Knockdown of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) reduces fat body lipid mobilization and resistance to starvation in the insect vector Rhodnius prolixus. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1201670. [PMID: 37469565 PMCID: PMC10352773 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1201670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The energy stored in fatty acids is essential for several critical activities of insects, such as embryogenesis, oviposition, and flight. Rhodnius prolixus is an obligatory hematophagous hemipteran and vector of Chagas disease, and it feeds infrequently on very large blood meals. As digestion slowly occurs, lipids are synthesized and accumulate in the fat body, mainly as triacylglycerol, in lipid droplets. Between feeding bouts, proper mobilization and oxidation of stored lipids are crucial for survival, and released fatty acids are oxidized by mitochondrial β-oxidation. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT1) is the enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction of the carnitine shuttle, where the activated fatty acid, acyl-CoA, is converted to acyl-carnitine to be transported into the mitochondria. Here, we investigated the role of CPT1 in lipid metabolism and in resistance to starvation in Rhodnius prolixus. The expression of the CPT1 gene (RhoprCpt1) was determined in the organs of adult females on the fourth day after a blood meal, and the flight muscle showed higher expression levels than the ovary, fat body, and anterior and posterior midgut. RhoprCpt1 expression in the fat body dramatically decreased after feeding, and started to increase again 10 days later, but no changes were observed in the flight muscle. β-oxidation rates were determined in flight muscle and fat body homogenates with the use of 3H-palmitate, and in unfed females, they were higher in the flight muscle. In the fat body, lipid oxidation activity did not show any variation before or at different days after feeding, and was not affected by the presence of etomoxir or malonyl-CoA. We used RNAi and generated RhoprCPT1-deficient insects, which surprisingly did not show a decrease in measured 3H-palmitate oxidation rates. However, the RNAi-knockdown females presented increased amounts of triacylglycerol and larger lipid droplets in the fat body, but not in the flight muscle. When subjected to starvation, these insects had a shorter lifespan. These results indicated that the inhibition of RhoprCpt1 expression compromised lipid mobilization and affected resistance to starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iron F. De Paula
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Samara Santos-Araujo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - David Majerowicz
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ramos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Katia C. Gondim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Song X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Goh B, Bao B, Mello SS, Sun X, Zheng W, Gazzaniga FS, Wu M, Qu F, Yin Q, Gilmore MS, Oh SF, Kasper DL. Gut microbial fatty acid isomerization modulates intraepithelial T cells. Nature 2023; 619:837-843. [PMID: 37380774 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome constantly converts natural products derived from the host and diet into numerous bioactive metabolites1-3. Dietary fats are essential micronutrients that undergo lipolysis to release free fatty acids (FAs) for absorption in the small intestine4. Gut commensal bacteria modify some unsaturated FAs-for example, linoleic acid (LA)-into various intestinal FA isomers that regulate host metabolism and have anticarcinogenic properties5. However, little is known about how this diet-microorganism FA isomerization network affects the mucosal immune system of the host. Here we report that both dietary factors and microbial factors influence the level of gut LA isomers (conjugated LAs (CLAs)) and that CLAs in turn modulate a distinct population of CD4+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) that express CD8αα in the small intestine. Genetic abolition of FA isomerization pathways in individual gut symbionts significantly decreases the number of CD4+CD8αα+ IELs in gnotobiotic mice. Restoration of CLAs increases CD4+CD8αα+ IEL levels in the presence of the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4γ (HNF4γ). Mechanistically, HNF4γ facilitates CD4+CD8αα+ IEL development by modulating interleukin-18 signalling. In mice, specific deletion of HNF4γ in T cells leads to early mortality from infection by intestinal pathogens. Our data reveal a new role for bacterial FA metabolic pathways in the control of host intraepithelial immunological homeostasis by modulating the relative number of CD4+ T cells that were CD4+CD8αα+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Haohao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Byoungsook Goh
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bin Bao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suelen S Mello
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ximei Sun
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca S Gazzaniga
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Mass General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fangfang Qu
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Qiangzong Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Gilmore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sungwhan F Oh
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis L Kasper
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Sun J, Liu WK, Ellsworth C, Sun Q, Pan Y, Huang YC, Deng WM. Integrating lipid metabolism, pheromone production and perception by Fruitless and Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6254. [PMID: 37390217 PMCID: PMC10313179 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Sexual attraction and perception are crucial for mating and reproductive success. In Drosophila melanogaster, the male-specific isoform of Fruitless (Fru), FruM, is a known master neuro-regulator of innate courtship behavior to control the perception of sex pheromones in sensory neurons. Here, we show that the non-sex-specific Fru isoform (FruCOM) is necessary for pheromone biosynthesis in hepatocyte-like oenocytes for sexual attraction. Loss of FruCOM in oenocytes resulted in adults with reduced levels of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), including sex pheromones, and show altered sexual attraction and reduced cuticular hydrophobicity. We further identify Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (Hnf4) as a key target of FruCOM in directing fatty acid conversion to hydrocarbons. Fru or Hnf4 depletion in oenocytes disrupts lipid homeostasis, resulting in a sex-dimorphic CHC profile that differs from doublesex- and transformer-dependent CHC dimorphism. Thus, Fru couples pheromone perception and production in separate organs to regulate chemosensory communications and ensure efficient mating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wen-Kan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yufeng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wu-Min Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Zhang SY, Gao H, Askar A, Li XP, Zhang GC, Jing TZ, Zou H, Guan H, Zhao YH, Zou CS. Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone disturbs fat body lipid metabolism and negatively regulates gluconeogenesis in Hyphantria cunea larvae. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:771-788. [PMID: 36342157 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) has been described to regulate fat body lipid metabolism in insects, but its accurate regulatory mechanism, especially the crosstalk between 20E-induced lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis remains largely unclear. Here, we specially investigated the effect of 20E on lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the fat body of Hyphantria cunea larvae, a notorious pest in forestry. Lipidomics analysis showed that a total of 1 907 lipid species were identified in the fat body of H. cunea larvae assigned to 6 groups and 48 lipid classes. The differentially abundant lipids analysis showed a significant difference between 20E-treated and control samples, indicating that 20E caused a remarkable alteration of lipidomics profiles in the fat body of H. cunea larvae. Further studies demonstrated that 20E accelerated fatty acid β-oxidation, inhibited lipid synthesis, and promoted lipolysis. Meanwhile, the activities of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphatase were dramatically suppressed by 20E in the fat body of H. cunea larvae. As well, the transcriptions of genes encoding these 4 rate-limiting gluconeogenic enzymes were significantly downregulated in the fat body of H. cunea larvae after treatment with 20E. Taken together, our results revealed that 20E disturbed fat body lipid homeostasis, accelerated fatty acid β-oxidation and promoted lipolysis, but negatively regulated gluconeogenesis in H. cunea larvae. The findings might provide a new insight into hormonal regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in insect fat body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Gao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ankarjan Askar
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Guo-Cai Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tian-Zhong Jing
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Guan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun-He Zhao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuan-Shan Zou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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26
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Lopez-Rodriguez NA, Sanchez-Ortiz LK, Reynoso-Camacho R, Riesgo-Escovar JR, Loarca-Piña G. Chronic Consumption of Moringa Leaf Powder ( Moringa oleifera) Concentration-Dependent Effects in a Drosophila melanogaster Type 2 Diabetes Model. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:285-294. [PMID: 35512766 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2022.2034068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The metabolic effects of chronic consumption of food laced with different doses of moringa leaf powder (MLP) were assessed using a heteroallelic mutant of the sole insulin receptor gene of Drosophila melanogaster (InR), and the yellow,white (y,w) control stock. METHODS The MLP composition was partially determined. Both strains were raised in a standard diet (SD) or in a SD supplemented with different MLP doses (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0, and 5.5%) until 4-5 days of emergence. Afterward, the total carbohydrate, lipid, glucose, and triacylglyceride levels were measured in the flies. Additionally, survival and weight changes were reported. For metabolic tests, female and male virgin flies were evaluated separately. RESULTS Low MLP supplementation improved carbohydrate and glucose levels in the y,w strain. Additionally, the InR-mutant strain reported lower lipid content when subjected to the same regimes. Survival improved in both strains with low MLP doses, while chronic consumption of high MLP doses resulted in triacylglycerides increase, weight gain, and survival reduction. CONCLUSION Low doses of MLP supplementation improves some metabolic parameters that affect flies' survival, especially in the y,w strain. Furthermore, the same low doses of MLP treatments also resulted in metabolic improvements in the InR-mutant flies; however, MLP consumption levels should be carefully assessed. Supplemental data for this article is available online at.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma A Lopez-Rodriguez
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Laura K Sanchez-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Juan R Riesgo-Escovar
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Guadalupe Loarca-Piña
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
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27
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Sun J, Liu WK, Ellsworth C, Sun Q, Pan YF, Huang YC, Deng WM. Integrating lipid metabolism, pheromone production and perception by Fruitless and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.23.529767. [PMID: 36865119 PMCID: PMC9980076 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.529767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Sexual attraction and perception, governed by separate genetic circuits in different organs, are crucial for mating and reproductive success, yet the mechanisms of how these two aspects are integrated remain unclear. In Drosophila , the male-specific isoform of Fruitless (Fru), Fru M , is known as a master neuro-regulator of innate courtship behavior to control perception of sex pheromones in sensory neurons. Here we show that the non-sex specific Fru isoform (Fru COM ) is necessary for pheromone biosynthesis in hepatocyte-like oenocytes for sexual attraction. Loss of Fru COM in oenocytes resulted in adults with reduced levels of the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), including sex pheromones, and show altered sexual attraction and reduced cuticular hydrophobicity. We further identify Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 ( Hnf4 ) as a key target of Fru COM in directing fatty acid conversion to hydrocarbons in adult oenocytes. fru - and Hnf4 -depletion disrupts lipid homeostasis, resulting in a novel sex-dimorphic CHC profile, which differs from doublesex - and transformer -dependent sexual dimorphism of the CHC profile. Thus, Fru couples pheromone perception and production in separate organs for precise coordination of chemosensory communication that ensures efficient mating behavior. Teaser Fruitless and lipid metabolism regulator HNF4 integrate pheromone biosynthesis and perception to ensure robust courtship behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wen-Kan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yu-Feng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wu-Min Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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28
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Wang K, Yang Z, Li X, Liu S, Wang L, Zhang H, Yu H. A Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor BtabHNF4 Mediates Desiccation Tolerance and Fecundity in Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:138-147. [PMID: 36462170 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) is essential for glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in insects. However, little is known about the role of HNF4 in whiteflies. In the present study, we identified a hepatocyte nuclear factor protein from Bemsia tabaci (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and named it BtabHNF4. The full-length of BtabHNF4 was 3,006 bp, encoding a sequence of 434 amino acids that contains a conserved zinc-finger DNA-binding domain (DBD) and a well-conserved ligand-binding domain (LBD). The temporal and spatial expression showed that BtabHNF4 was highly expressed in the female adult stage and abdominal tissues of B. tabaci. A leaf-mediated RNA interference method was used to explore the function of BtabHNF4 in whiteflies. Our results showed that the knockdown of BtabHNF4 influences the desiccation tolerance, egg production, and egg hatching rate of whiteflies. Additionally, BtabHNF4 silencing significantly inhibited the expression level of vitellogenin. These results expand the function of HNF4 and pave the way for understanding the molecular mechanisms of HNF4 in regulating multiple physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhifang Yang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Shunxiao Liu
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
- College of Agrarian Technology and Natural Resources, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy 40021, Ukraine
| | - Liuhao Wang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Natural Resources, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
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29
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Heppert JK, Lickwar CR, Tillman MC, Davis BR, Davison JM, Lu HY, Chen W, Busch-Nentwich EM, Corcoran DL, Rawls JF. Conserved roles for Hnf4 family transcription factors in zebrafish development and intestinal function. Genetics 2022; 222:iyac133. [PMID: 36218393 PMCID: PMC9713462 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors play important roles in the development of the intestinal epithelium and its ability to respond to endocrine, nutritional, and microbial signals. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 family nuclear receptors are liganded transcription factors that are critical for the development and function of multiple digestive organs in vertebrates, including the intestinal epithelium. Zebrafish have 3 hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 homologs, of which, hnf4a was previously shown to mediate intestinal responses to microbiota in zebrafish larvae. To discern the functions of other hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 family members in zebrafish development and intestinal function, we created and characterized mutations in hnf4g and hnf4b. We addressed the possibility of genetic redundancy amongst these factors by creating double and triple mutants which showed different rates of survival, including apparent early lethality in hnf4a; hnf4b double mutants and triple mutants. RNA sequencing performed on digestive tracts from single and double mutant larvae revealed extensive changes in intestinal gene expression in hnf4a mutants that were amplified in hnf4a; hnf4g mutants, but limited in hnf4g mutants. Changes in hnf4a and hnf4a; hnf4g mutants were reminiscent of those seen in mice including decreased expression of genes involved in intestinal function and increased expression of cell proliferation genes, and were validated using transgenic reporters and EdU labeling in the intestinal epithelium. Gnotobiotics combined with RNA sequencing also showed hnf4g has subtler roles than hnf4a in host responses to microbiota. Overall, phenotypic changes in hnf4a single mutants were strongly enhanced in hnf4a; hnf4g double mutants, suggesting a conserved partial genetic redundancy between hnf4a and hnf4g in the vertebrate intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Heppert
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Colin R Lickwar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Matthew C Tillman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Briana R Davis
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - James M Davison
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hsiu-Yi Lu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - David L Corcoran
- Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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30
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Al-Sabri MH, Behare N, Alsehli AM, Berkins S, Arora A, Antoniou E, Moysiadou EI, Anantha-Krishnan S, Cosmen PD, Vikner J, Moulin TC, Ammar N, Boukhatmi H, Clemensson LE, Rask-Andersen M, Mwinyi J, Williams MJ, Fredriksson R, Schiöth HB. Statins Induce Locomotion and Muscular Phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster That Are Reminiscent of Human Myopathy: Evidence for the Role of the Chloride Channel Inhibition in the Muscular Phenotypes. Cells 2022; 11:3528. [PMID: 36428957 PMCID: PMC9688544 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms for statin-induced myopathy (SIM) are still equivocal. In this study, we employ Drosophila melanogaster to dissect possible underlying mechanisms for SIM. We observe that chronic fluvastatin treatment causes reduced general locomotion activity and climbing ability. In addition, transmission microscopy of dissected skeletal muscles of fluvastatin-treated flies reveals strong myofibrillar damage, including increased sarcomere lengths and Z-line streaming, which are reminiscent of myopathy, along with fragmented mitochondria of larger sizes, most of which are round-like shapes. Furthermore, chronic fluvastatin treatment is associated with impaired lipid metabolism and insulin signalling. Mechanistically, knockdown of the statin-target Hmgcr in the skeletal muscles recapitulates fluvastatin-induced mitochondrial phenotypes and lowered general locomotion activity; however, it was not sufficient to alter sarcomere length or elicit myofibrillar damage compared to controls or fluvastatin treatment. Moreover, we found that fluvastatin treatment was associated with reduced expression of the skeletal muscle chloride channel, ClC-a (Drosophila homolog of CLCN1), while selective knockdown of skeletal muscle ClC-a also recapitulated fluvastatin-induced myofibril damage and increased sarcomere lengths. Surprisingly, exercising fluvastatin-treated flies restored ClC-a expression and normalized sarcomere lengths, suggesting that fluvastatin-induced myofibrillar phenotypes could be linked to lowered ClC-a expression. Taken together, these results may indicate the potential role of ClC-a inhibition in statin-associated muscular phenotypes. This study underlines the importance of Drosophila melanogaster as a powerful model system for elucidating the locomotion and muscular phenotypes, promoting a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying SIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Al-Sabri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Neha Behare
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ahmed M. Alsehli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University and Hospital, Al Ehtifalat St., Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samuel Berkins
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aadeya Arora
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eirini Antoniou
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eleni I. Moysiadou
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sowmya Anantha-Krishnan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patricia D. Cosmen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Vikner
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thiago C. Moulin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, BMC F10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nourhene Ammar
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes, CNRS, UMR6290, 35065 Rennes, France
| | - Hadi Boukhatmi
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes, CNRS, UMR6290, 35065 Rennes, France
| | - Laura E. Clemensson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Rask-Andersen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael J. Williams
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Fredriksson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B. Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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He P, Wei E, Wang R, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Tang X, Zhu F, Shen Z. The spirotetramat inhibits growth and reproduction of silkworm by interfering with the fatty acid metabolism. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105282. [PMID: 36464337 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spirotetramat is a novel insecticide and acaricide that can effectively control many species of piercing-sucking pests by inhibiting lipid synthesis. The silkworm is an economically important insect and a model organism for genetics and biochemical research. However, the toxic effect on their development and reproduction remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the negative effects of spirotetramat on the development, vitality, silk protein synthesis, and fecundity of silkworm. We also compared expression changes of silkworm genes using digital gene expression (DGE). A total of 1567 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, of which 874 genes were downregulated and 693 genes were upregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in the oxidation-reduction process, oxidoreductase activity, and fatty-acyl-CoA reductase activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in fatty acid metabolism and lysosome pathways. We detected the relative expression of silkworm genes related to fatty acid synthesis and decomposition pathways and the degradation pathway of juvenile hormone by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression levels of Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FACR), Enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECH), very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (LCHAD), juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH), and phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase (PCD) genes were downregulated. These data demonstrate the effects of spirotetramat on silkworm and its effects on genes involved in fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Erjun Wei
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Runpeng Wang
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongyuan Shen
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China; Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou S, Lu Y, Chen J, Pan Z, Pang L, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Strand MR, Chen XX, Huang J. Parasite reliance on its host gut microbiota for nutrition and survival. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:2574-2586. [PMID: 35941172 PMCID: PMC9561699 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-022-01301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Studying the microbial symbionts of eukaryotic hosts has revealed a range of interactions that benefit host biology. Most eukaryotes are also infected by parasites that adversely affect host biology for their own benefit. However, it is largely unclear whether the ability of parasites to develop in hosts also depends on host-associated symbionts, e.g., the gut microbiota. Here, we studied the parasitic wasp Leptopilina boulardi (Lb) and its host Drosophila melanogaster. Results showed that Lb successfully develops in conventional hosts (CN) with a gut microbiota but fails to develop in axenic hosts (AX) without a gut microbiota. We determined that developing Lb larvae consume fat body cells that store lipids. We also determined that much larger amounts of lipid accumulate in fat body cells of parasitized CN hosts than parasitized AX hosts. CN hosts parasitized by Lb exhibited large increases in the abundance of the bacterium Acetobacter pomorum in the gut, but did not affect the abundance of Lactobacillus fructivorans which is another common member of the host gut microbiota. However, AX hosts inoculated with A. pomorum and/or L. fructivorans did not rescue development of Lb. In contrast, AX larvae inoculated with A. pomorum plus other identified gut community members including a Bacillus sp. substantially rescued Lb development. Rescue was further associated with increased lipid accumulation in host fat body cells. Insulin-like peptides increased in brain neurosecretory cells of parasitized CN larvae. Lipid accumulation in the fat body of CN hosts was further associated with reduced Bmm lipase activity mediated by insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS). Altogether, our results identify a previously unknown role for the gut microbiota in defining host permissiveness for a parasite. Our findings also identify a new paradigm for parasite manipulation of host metabolism that depends on insulin signaling and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Zhou
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yueqi Lu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhongqiu Pan
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lan Pang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qichao Zhang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Michael R Strand
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Xue-Xin Chen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Semaniuk UV, Gospodaryov DV, Strilbytska OM, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Burdyliuk NI, Storey KB, Bayliak MM, Lushchak O. Chili pepper extends lifespan in a concentration-dependent manner and confers cold resistance on Drosophila melanogaster cohorts by influencing specific metabolic pathways. Food Funct 2022; 13:8313-8328. [PMID: 35842943 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00930g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chili powder is a widely used spice with pungent taste, often consumed on a daily basis in several countries. Recent prospective cohort studies showed that the regular use of chili pepper improves healthspan in humans. Indeed, chili pepper fruits contain phenolic substances which are structurally similar to those that show anti-aging properties. The objective of our study was to test whether consumption of chili-supplemented food by the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, would prolong lifespan and in which way this chili-supplemented food affects animal metabolism. Chili powder added to food in concentrations of 0.04%-0.12% significantly extended median lifespan in fruit fly cohorts of both genders by 9% to 13%. However, food supplemented with 3% chili powder shortened lifespan of male cohorts by 9%. Lifespan extension was accompanied by a decrease in age-independent mortality (i.e., death in early ages). The metabolic changes caused by consumption of chili-supplemented food had a pronounced dependence on gender. A characteristic of both fruit fly sexes that ate chili-supplemented food was an increased resistance to cold shock. Flies of both sexes had lower levels of hemolymph glucose when they ate food supplemented with low concentrations of chili powder, as compared with controls. However, males fed on food with 3% chili had lower levels of storage lipids and pyruvate reducing activity of lactate dehydrogenase compared with controls. Females fed on this food showed lower activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase, as well as lower ADP/O ratios, compared with control flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uliana V Semaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
| | - Dmytro V Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
| | - Olha M Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
| | - Alicja Z Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Sokół-Łętowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Nadia I Burdyliuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Maria M Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Shevchenka 57, 76018, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. .,Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76000, Ukraine
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34
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Scholtes C, Giguère V. Transcriptional control of energy metabolism by nuclear receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:750-770. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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The Reversible Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1 Inhibitor (Teglicar) Ameliorates the Neurodegenerative Phenotype in a Drosophila Huntington’s Disease Model by Acting on the Expression of Carnitine-Related Genes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103125. [PMID: 35630602 PMCID: PMC9146098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a dramatic neurodegenerative disorder caused by the abnormal expansion of a CAG triplet in the huntingtin gene, producing an abnormal protein. As it leads to the death of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the patients primarily present with neurological symptoms, but recently metabolic changes resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction have been identified as novel pathological features. The carnitine shuttle is a complex consisting of three enzymes whose function is to transport the long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria. Here, its pharmacological modification was used to test the hypothesis that shifting metabolism to lipid oxidation exacerbates the HD symptoms. Behavioural and transcriptional analyses were carried out on HD Drosophila model, to evaluate the involvement of the carnitine cycle in this pathogenesis. Pharmacological inhibition of CPT1, the rate-limiting enzyme of the carnitine cycle, ameliorates the HD symptoms in Drosophila, likely acting on the expression of carnitine-related genes.
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Jawahar J, McCumber AW, Lickwar CR, Amoroso CR, de la Torre Canny SG, Wong S, Morash M, Thierer JH, Farber SA, Bohannan BJM, Guillemin K, Rawls JF. Starvation causes changes in the intestinal transcriptome and microbiome that are reversed upon refeeding. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:225. [PMID: 35317738 PMCID: PMC8941736 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of animals and their microbiomes to adapt to starvation and then restore homeostasis after refeeding is fundamental to their continued survival and symbiosis. The intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption and microbiome interaction, however our understanding of intestinal adaptations to starvation and refeeding remains limited. Here we used RNA sequencing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to uncover changes in the intestinal transcriptome and microbiome of zebrafish subjected to long-term starvation and refeeding compared to continuously fed controls. RESULTS Starvation over 21 days led to increased diversity and altered composition in the intestinal microbiome compared to fed controls, including relative increases in Vibrio and reductions in Plesiomonas bacteria. Starvation also led to significant alterations in host gene expression in the intestine, with distinct pathways affected at early and late stages of starvation. This included increases in the expression of ribosome biogenesis genes early in starvation, followed by decreased expression of genes involved in antiviral immunity and lipid transport at later stages. These effects of starvation on the host transcriptome and microbiome were almost completely restored within 3 days after refeeding. Comparison with published datasets identified host genes responsive to starvation as well as high-fat feeding or microbiome colonization, and predicted host transcription factors that may be involved in starvation response. CONCLUSIONS Long-term starvation induces progressive changes in microbiome composition and host gene expression in the zebrafish intestine, and these changes are rapidly reversed after refeeding. Our identification of bacterial taxa, host genes and host pathways involved in this response provides a framework for future investigation of the physiological and ecological mechanisms underlying intestinal adaptations to food restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanth Jawahar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Alexander W McCumber
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Colin R Lickwar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Caroline R Amoroso
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sandi Wong
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Margaret Morash
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - James H Thierer
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Steven A Farber
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Brendan J M Bohannan
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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37
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Zhao X, Wang W, Yao Y, Li X, Huang X, Wang Y, Ding M, Huang X. An RDH‐Plin2 axis modulates lipid droplet size by antagonizing Bmm lipase. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52669. [PMID: 35132760 PMCID: PMC8892243 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The size of lipid droplets varies greatly in vivo and is determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. From an RNAi screen in Drosophila, we found that knocking down subunits of COP9 signalosome (CSN) results in enlarged lipid droplets under high‐fat, but not normal, conditions. We identified CG2064, a retinol dehydrogenase (RDH) homolog, as the proteasomal degradation target of CSN in regulating lipid droplet size. RDH/CG2064 interacts with the lipid droplet‐resident protein Plin2 and the RDH/CG2064‐Plin2 axis acts to reduce the overall level and lipid droplet localization of Bmm/ATGL lipase. This axis is important for larval survival under prolonged starvation. Thus, we discovered an RDH‐Plin2 axis modulates lipid droplet size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiahe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Mei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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Hänschke L, Heier C, Maya Palacios SJ, Özek HE, Thiele C, Bauer R, Kühnlein RP, Bülow MH. Drosophila Lipase 3 Mediates the Metabolic Response to Starvation and Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:800153. [PMID: 35821816 PMCID: PMC9261307 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.800153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The human LIPA gene encodes for the enzyme lysosomal acid lipase, which hydrolyzes cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol. Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency results in Wolman disease and cholesteryl ester storage disease. The Drosophila genome encodes for two LIPA orthologs, Magro and Lipase 3. Magro is a gut lipase that hydrolyzes triacylglycerides, while Lipase 3 lacks characterization based on mutant phenotypes. We found previously that Lipase 3 transcription is highly induced in mutants with defects in peroxisome biogenesis, but the conditions that allow a similar induction in wildtypic flies are not known. Here we show that Lipase 3 is drastically upregulated in starved larvae and starved female flies, as well as in aged male flies. We generated a lipase 3 mutant that shows sex-specific starvation resistance and a trend to lifespan extension. Using lipidomics, we demonstrate that Lipase 3 mutants accumulate phosphatidylinositol, but neither triacylglycerol nor diacylglycerol. Our study suggests that, in contrast to its mammalian homolog LIPA, Lipase 3 is a putative phospholipase that is upregulated under extreme conditions like prolonged nutrient deprivation and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Hänschke
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Heier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed- Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Huseyin Erdem Özek
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ronald P. Kühnlein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed- Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Margret H. Bülow
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Lu D, Liu Y, Luo Y, Zhao J, Feng C, Xue L, Xu J, Wang Q, Yan T, Xiao P, Krausz KW, Gonzalez FJ, Xie C. Intestinal farnesoid X receptor signaling controls hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159089. [PMID: 34856412 PMCID: PMC8864892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In addition to maintaining bile acid, cholesterol and glucose homeostasis, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) also regulates fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). To explore the different roles of hepatic and intestinal FXR in liver FAO, FAO-associated metabolites, including acylcarnitines and fatty acids, and FXR target gene mRNAs were profiled using an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis in control (Fxrfl/fl), liver-specific Fxr-null (FxrΔHep) and intestine-specific Fxr-null (FxrΔIE) mice, treated either with the FXR agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) or vehicle (VEH). Activation of FXR by OCA treatment significantly increased fatty acyl-CoA hydrolysis (Acot1) and decreased FAO-associated mRNAs in Fxrfl/fl mice, resulting in reduced levels of total acylcarnitines and relative accumulation of long/medium chain acylcarnitines and fatty acids in liver. FxrΔHep mice responded to OCA treatment in a manner similar to Fxrfl/fl mice while FxrΔIE mice responded differently, thus illustrating that intestinal FXR plays a critical role in the regulation of hepatic FAO. A significant negative-correlation between intestinal FXR-FGF15 and hepatic CREB-PGC1A pathways was observed after both VEH and OCA treatment, suggesting that OCA-induced activation of the intestinal FXR-FGF15 axis downregulates hepatic PGC1α signaling via inactivation of hepatic CREB, thus repressing FAO. This mechanism was confirmed in experiments based on human recombinant FGF19 treatment and intestinal Fgf15-null mice. This study revealed an important role for the intestinal FXR-FGF15 pathway in hepatic FAO repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasheng Lu
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America; Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yameng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuhong Luo
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jie Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Chao Feng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liming Xue
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiale Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Tingting Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Ping Xiao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
| | - Cen Xie
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
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Kim J, Bai H. Peroxisomal Stress Response and Inter-Organelle Communication in Cellular Homeostasis and Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:192. [PMID: 35204075 PMCID: PMC8868334 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are key regulators of cellular and metabolic homeostasis. These organelles play important roles in redox metabolism, the oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), and the biosynthesis of ether phospholipids. Given the essential role of peroxisomes in cellular homeostasis, peroxisomal dysfunction has been linked to various pathological conditions, tissue functional decline, and aging. In the past few decades, a variety of cellular signaling and metabolic changes have been reported to be associated with defective peroxisomes, suggesting that many cellular processes and functions depend on peroxisomes. Peroxisomes communicate with other subcellular organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and lysosomes. These inter-organelle communications are highly linked to the key mechanisms by which cells surveil defective peroxisomes and mount adaptive responses to protect them from damages. In this review, we highlight the major cellular changes that accompany peroxisomal dysfunction and peroxisomal inter-organelle communication through membrane contact sites, metabolic signaling, and retrograde signaling. We also discuss the age-related decline of peroxisomal protein import and its role in animal aging and age-related diseases. Unlike other organelle stress response pathways, such as the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the ER and mitochondria, the cellular signaling pathways that mediate stress responses to malfunctioning peroxisomes have not been systematically studied and investigated. Here, we coin these signaling pathways as "peroxisomal stress response pathways". Understanding peroxisomal stress response pathways and how peroxisomes communicate with other organelles are important and emerging areas of peroxisome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinoh Kim
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Parra-Peralbo E, Talamillo A, Barrio R. Origin and Development of the Adipose Tissue, a Key Organ in Physiology and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:786129. [PMID: 34993199 PMCID: PMC8724577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ, well known for its function in energy storage and mobilization according to nutrient availability and body needs, in charge of keeping the energetic balance of the organism. During the last decades, adipose tissue has emerged as the largest endocrine organ in the human body, being able to secrete hormones as well as inflammatory molecules and having an important impact in multiple processes such as adipogenesis, metabolism and chronic inflammation. However, the cellular progenitors, development, homeostasis and metabolism of the different types of adipose tissue are not fully known. During the last decade, Drosophila melanogaster has demonstrated to be an excellent model to tackle some of the open questions in the field of metabolism and development of endocrine/metabolic organs. Discoveries ranged from new hormones regulating obesity to subcellular mechanisms that regulate lipogenesis and lipolysis. Here, we review the available evidences on the development, types and functions of adipose tissue in Drosophila and identify some gaps for future research. This may help to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of this fascinating key tissue, contributing to establish this organ as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Talamillo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC BioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Rosa Barrio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC BioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
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Fu Y, Zhang F, Ma C, Wang W, Liu Z, Chen W, Zhao M, Ma L. Comparative Metabolomics and Lipidomics of Four Juvenoids Application to Scylla paramamosain Hepatopancreas: Implications of Lipid Metabolism During Ovarian Maturation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886351. [PMID: 35574001 PMCID: PMC9094423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was the first to evaluate multiple hormonal manipulations to hepatopancreas over the ovarian development stages of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. A total of 1258 metabolites in 75 hepatopancreas explants from five female crabs were induced by juvenile hormone III (JH III), methyl farnesoate (MF), farnesoic acid (FA) and methoprene (Met), as identified from combined metabolomics and lipidomics (LC-MS/MS). 101 significant metabolites and 47 significant pathways were selected and compared for their comprehensive effects to ovarian maturation. While MF played an extensive role in lipid accumulation, JH III and Met shared similar effects, especially in the commonly and significantly elevated triglycerides and lysophospholipids (fold change≥2 and ≤0.5, VIP≥1). The significant upregulation of β-oxidation and key regulators in lipid degradation by FA (P ≤ 0.05) resulted in less lipid accumulation from this treatment, with a shift toward lipid export and energy consumption, unlike the effects of MF, JH III and Met. It was possible that MF and FA played their own unique roles and acted in synergy to modulate lipid metabolism during crab ovarian maturation. Our study yielded insights into the MF-related lipid metabolism in crustacean hepatopancreas for the overall regulation of ovarian maturation, and harbored the potential use of juvenoids to induce reproductive maturity of this economic crab species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fu
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lingbo Ma, ; Ming Zhao,
| | - Lingbo Ma
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lingbo Ma, ; Ming Zhao,
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Gao C, Li Q, Yu J, Li S, Cui Q, Hu X, Chen L, Zhang SO. Endocrine pheromones couple fat rationing to dauer diapause through HNF4α nuclear receptors. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:2153-2174. [PMID: 34755252 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Developmental diapause is a widespread strategy for animals to survive seasonal starvation and environmental harshness. Diapaused animals often ration body fat to generate a basal level of energy for enduring survival. How diapause and fat rationing are coupled, however, is poorly understood. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans excretes pheromones to the environment to induce a diapause form called dauer larva. Through saturated forward genetic screens and CRISPR knockout, we found that dauer pheromones feed back to repress the transcription of ACOX-3, MAOC-1, DHS-28, DAF-22 (peroxisomal β-oxidation enzymes dually involved in pheromone synthesis and fat burning), ALH-4 (aldehyde dehydrogenase for pheromone synthesis), PRX-10 and PRX-11 (peroxisome assembly and proliferation factors). Dysfunction of these pheromone enzymes and factors relieves the repression. Surprisingly, transcription is repressed not by pheromones excreted but by pheromones endogenous to each animal. The endogenous pheromones regulate the nuclear translocation of HNF4α family nuclear receptor NHR-79 and its co-receptor NHR-49, and, repress transcription through the two receptors. The feedback repression maintains pheromone homeostasis, increases fat storage, decreases fat burning, and prolongs dauer lifespan. Thus, the exocrine dauer pheromones possess an unexpected endocrine function to mediate a peroxisome-nucleus crosstalk, coupling dauer diapause to fat rationing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Gao
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qi Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jialei Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shiwei Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qingpo Cui
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shaobing O Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Bai Y, Caussinus E, Leo S, Bosshardt F, Myachina F, Rot G, Robinson MD, Lehner CF. A cis-regulatory element promoting increased transcription at low temperature in cultured ectothermic Drosophila cells. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:771. [PMID: 34711176 PMCID: PMC8555087 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Temperature change affects the myriad of concurrent cellular processes in a non-uniform, disruptive manner. While endothermic organisms minimize the challenge of ambient temperature variation by keeping the core body temperature constant, cells of many ectothermic species maintain homeostatic function within a considerable temperature range. The cellular mechanisms enabling temperature acclimation in ectotherms are still poorly understood. At the transcriptional level, the heat shock response has been analyzed extensively. The opposite, the response to sub-optimal temperature, has received lesser attention in particular in animal species. The tissue specificity of transcriptional responses to cool temperature has not been addressed and it is not clear whether a prominent general response occurs. Cis-regulatory elements (CREs), which mediate increased transcription at cool temperature, and responsible transcription factors are largely unknown. Results The ectotherm Drosophila melanogaster with a presumed temperature optimum around 25 °C was used for transcriptomic analyses of effects of temperatures at the lower end of the readily tolerated range (14–29 °C). Comparative analyses with adult flies and cell culture lines indicated a striking degree of cell-type specificity in the transcriptional response to cool. To identify potential cis-regulatory elements (CREs) for transcriptional upregulation at cool temperature, we analyzed temperature effects on DNA accessibility in chromatin of S2R+ cells. Candidate cis-regulatory elements (CREs) were evaluated with a novel reporter assay for accurate assessment of their temperature-dependency. Robust transcriptional upregulation at low temperature could be demonstrated for a fragment from the pastrel gene, which expresses more transcript and protein at reduced temperatures. This CRE is controlled by the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and antagonizing activities of the transcription factors Pointed and Ets97D. Conclusion Beyond a rich data resource for future analyses of transcriptional control within the readily tolerated range of an ectothermic animal, a novel reporter assay permitting quantitative characterization of CRE temperature dependence was developed. Our identification and functional dissection of the pst_E1 enhancer demonstrate the utility of resources and assay. The functional characterization of this CoolUp enhancer provides initial mechanistic insights into transcriptional upregulation induced by a shift to temperatures at the lower end of the readily tolerated range. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08057-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Caussinus
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Leo
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fritz Bosshardt
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Faina Myachina
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Rot
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Robinson
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian F Lehner
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Yang Z, Roth K, Agarwal M, Liu W, Petriello MC. The transcription factors CREBH, PPARa, and FOXO1 as critical hepatic mediators of diet-induced metabolic dysregulation. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 95:108633. [PMID: 33789150 PMCID: PMC8355060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a critical mediator of lipid and/or glucose homeostasis and is a primary organ involved in dynamic changes during feeding and fasting. Additionally, hepatic-centric pathways are prone to dysregulation during pathophysiological states including metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Omics platforms and GWAS have elucidated genes related to increased risk of developing MetS and related disorders, but mutations in these metabolism-related genes are rare and cannot fully explain the increasing prevalence of MetS-related pathologies worldwide. Complex interactions between diet, lifestyle, environmental factors, and genetic predisposition jointly determine inter-individual variability of disease risk. Given the complexity of these interactions, researchers have focused on master regulators of metabolic responses incorporating and mediating the impact of multiple environmental cues. Transcription factors are DNA binding, terminal executors of signaling pathways that modulate the cellular responses to complex metabolic stimuli and are related to the control of hepatic lipid and glucose homeostasis. Among numerous hepatic transcription factors involved in regulating metabolism, three emerge as key players in transducing nutrient sensing, which are dysregulated in MetS-related perturbations in both clinical and preclinical studies: cAMP Responsive Element Binding Protein 3 Like 3 (CREB3L3), Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Alpha (PPAR), and Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1). Additionally, these three transcription factors appear to be amenable to dietary and/or nutrient-based therapies, being potential targets of nutritional therapy. In this review we aim to describe the activation, regulation, and impact of these transcription factors in the context of metabolic homeostasis. We also summarize their perspectives in MetS and nutritional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (IEHS), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Katherine Roth
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (IEHS), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Manisha Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael C Petriello
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (IEHS), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Kanamori S, Ohashi N, Ishida H, Yamamoto K, Itoh T. HNF4α Is a Covalent Bond-Forming Receptor. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 67:126-129. [PMID: 33952733 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.67.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
HNF4α is a nuclear receptor whose ligands are fatty acids. HNF4α is a target molecule for drug discovery research and thus we tested its covalent binding ability to investigate the possible development of covalent modifiers of HNF4α. Oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (oxo-PUFAs) have moderate flexibility and possess a Michael acceptor that participates in conjugate addition reactions with nucleophilic amino acid residues. Thus, oxo-PUFAs were used as probes and their covalent binding abilities to HNF4α were verified. Several oxo-PUFAs, such as 4-oxoDHA, were shown to be covalent modifiers of HNF4α and therefore we concluded that HNF4α can form covalent bonds to ligands.
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47
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Stephenson RA, Thomalla JM, Chen L, Kolkhof P, White RP, Beller M, Welte MA. Sequestration to lipid droplets promotes histone availability by preventing turnover of excess histones. Development 2021; 148:271212. [PMID: 34355743 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because both dearth and overabundance of histones result in cellular defects, histone synthesis and demand are typically tightly coupled. In Drosophila embryos, histones H2B, H2A and H2Av accumulate on lipid droplets (LDs), which are cytoplasmic fat storage organelles. Without LD binding, maternally provided H2B, H2A and H2Av are absent; however, how LDs ensure histone storage is unclear. Using quantitative imaging, we uncover when during oogenesis these histones accumulate, and which step of accumulation is LD dependent. LDs originate in nurse cells (NCs) and are transported to the oocyte. Although H2Av accumulates on LDs in NCs, the majority of the final H2Av pool is synthesized in oocytes. LDs promote intercellular transport of the histone anchor Jabba and thus its presence in the ooplasm. Ooplasmic Jabba then prevents H2Av degradation, safeguarding the H2Av stockpile. Our findings provide insight into the mechanism for establishing histone stores during Drosophila oogenesis and shed light on the function of LDs as protein-sequestration sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxan A Stephenson
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - Lili Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Petra Kolkhof
- Institute for Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems, Systems Biology of Lipid Metabolism, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Roger P White
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Mathias Beller
- Institute for Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems, Systems Biology of Lipid Metabolism, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Michael A Welte
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
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Nascimento PVP, Almeida-Oliveira F, Macedo-Silva A, Ausina P, Motinha C, Sola-Penna M, Majerowicz D. Gene annotation of nuclear receptor superfamily genes in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus and the effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone on lipid metabolism. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 30:297-314. [PMID: 33455040 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone is fundamental for regulating moulting and metamorphosis in immature insects, and it plays a role in physiological regulation in adult insects. This hormone acts by binding and activating a receptor, the ecdysone receptor, which is part of the nuclear receptor gene superfamily. Here, we analyse the genome of the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus to annotate the nuclear receptor superfamily genes. The R. prolixus genome displays a possible duplication of the HNF4 gene. All the analysed insect organs express most nuclear receptor genes as shown by RT-PCR. The quantitative PCR analysis showed that the RpEcR and RpUSP genes are highly expressed in the testis, while the RpHNF4-1 and RpHNF4-2 genes are more active in the fat body and ovaries and in the anterior midgut, respectively. Feeding does not induce detectable changes in the expression of these genes in the fat body. However, the expression of the RpHNF4-2 gene is always higher than that of RpHNF4-1. Treating adult females with 20-hydroxyecdysone increased the amount of triacylglycerol stored in the fat bodies by increasing their lipogenic capacity. These results indicate that 20-hydroxyecdysone acts on the lipid metabolism of adult insects, although the underlying mechanism is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V P Nascimento
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Almeida-Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Macedo-Silva
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P Ausina
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C Motinha
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Sola-Penna
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Majerowicz
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Toprak U, Musselman LP. From cellular biochemistry to systems physiology: New insights into insect lipid metabolism. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103585. [PMID: 33915290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Umut Toprak
- Ankara University, Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey.
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50
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Almeida-Oliveira F, Tuthill BF, Gondim KC, Majerowicz D, Musselman LP. dHNF4 regulates lipid homeostasis and oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103569. [PMID: 33753225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fly genome contains a single ortholog of the evolutionarily conserved transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4), a broadly and constitutively expressed member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Like its mammalian orthologs, Drosophila HNF4 (dHNF4) acts as a critical regulator of fatty acid and glucose homeostasis. Because of its role in energy storage and catabolism, the insect fat body controls non-autonomous organs including the ovaries, where lipid metabolism is essential for oogenesis. The present paper used dHNF4 overexpression (OE) in the fat bodies and ovaries to investigate its potential roles in lipid homeostasis and oogenesis. When the developing fat body overexpressed dHNF4, animals exhibited reduced size and failed to pupariate, but no changes in body composition were observed. Conditional OE of dHNF4 in the adult fat body produced a reduction in triacylglycerol content and reduced oogenesis. Ovary-specific dHNF4 OE increased oogenesis and egg-laying, but reduced the number of adult offspring. The phenotypic effects on oogenesis that arise upon dHNF4 OE in the fat body or ovary may be due to its function in controlling lipid utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Almeida-Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, USA
| | - Bryon F Tuthill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, USA
| | - Katia C Gondim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brazil
| | - David Majerowicz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brazil; Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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