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Stavgiannoudaki I, Goulielmaki E, Garinis GA. Broken strands, broken minds: Exploring the nexus of DNA damage and neurodegeneration. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 140:103699. [PMID: 38852477 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss progressively leading to cognitive decline and the manifestation of incurable and debilitating conditions, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Loss of genome maintenance causally contributes to age-related neurodegeneration, as exemplified by the premature appearance of neurodegenerative features in a growing family of human syndromes and mice harbouring inborn defects in DNA repair. Here, we discuss the relevance of persistent DNA damage, key DNA repair mechanisms and compromised genome integrity in age-related neurodegeneration highlighting the significance of investigating these connections to pave the way for the development of rationalized intervention strategies aimed at delaying the onset of neurodegenerative disorders and promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Stavgiannoudaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evi Goulielmaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George A Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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2
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Pan D, Wang Q, Shen A, Qi Z, Zheng C, Hu B. When DNA damage responses meet tumor immunity: From mechanism to therapeutic opportunity. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:384-399. [PMID: 38655783 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage is a prevalent phenomenon in the context of cancer progression. Evidence suggests that DNA damage responses (DDR) are pivotal in overcoming tumor immune evasion. Alternatively, traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy operate by inducing DNA damage, consequently stimulating the immune system to target tumors. The intricate interplay between signaling pathways involved in DDR and immune activation underscores the significance of considering both factors in developing improved immunotherapies. By delving deeper into the mechanisms underlying immune activation brought on by DNA damage, it becomes possible to identify novel treatment approaches that boost the anticancer immune response while minimizing undesirable side effects. This review explores the mechanisms behind DNA damage-induced antitumor immune responses, the importance of DNA damage in antitumor immunity, and potential therapeutic approaches for cancer immunotherapy targeting DDR. Additionally, we discuss the challenges of combination therapy and strategies for integrating DNA damage-targeting therapies with current cancer immunotherapy. In summary, this review highlights the critical role of DNA damage in tumor immunology, underscoring the potential of DDR inhibitors as promising therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Pan
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aihua Shen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Translational Research of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihao Qi
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Burong Hu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Translational Research of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Kalamara V, Garinis GA. The epitranscriptome: reshaping the DNA damage response. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00122-3. [PMID: 39048401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Genomic instability poses a formidable threat to cellular vitality and wellbeing, prompting cells to deploy an intricate DNA damage response (DDR) mechanism. Recent evidence has suggested that RNA is intricately linked to the DDR by serving as template, scaffold, or regulator during the repair of DNA damage. Additionally, RNA molecules undergo modifications, contributing to the epitranscriptome, a dynamic regulatory layer influencing cellular responses to genotoxic stress. The intricate interplay between RNA and the DDR sheds new light on how the RNA epigenome contributes to the maintenance of genomic integrity and ultimately shapes the fate of damaged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Kalamara
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George A Garinis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Chen H, Li T, Gao R, Cheng M, Zhang Q, Liu X, Chen M, Liao X, Qin L. RNA editing landscape of adipose tissue in polycystic ovary syndrome provides insight into the obesity-related immune responses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1379293. [PMID: 38978626 PMCID: PMC11229675 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1379293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive-endocrine disorder with wide-ranging metabolic implications, including obesity. RNA editing, a post-transcriptional modification, can fine-tune protein function and introduce heterogeneity. However, the role of RNA editing and its impact on adipose tissue function in PCOS remain poorly understood. Methods This study aimed to comprehensively analyze RNA-editing events in abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissue of PCOS patients and healthy controls using high-throughput whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA sequencing. Results Our results revealed that PCOS patients exhibited more RNA-editing sites, with adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing being prevalent. The expression of ADAR genes, responsible for A-to-I editing, was also higher in PCOS. Aberrant RNA-editing sites in PCOS adipose tissue was enriched in immune responses, and interleukin-12 biosynthetic process. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, Notch signaling, terminal uridylyl transferase 4 (TUT4), hook microtubule tethering protein 3 (HOOK3), and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) were identified to be of significant differences. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PCOS adipose tissue were enriched in immune responses compared with controls, and the DEGs between subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissue were also enriched in immune responses suggesting the important role of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Furthermore, we identified the correlations between RNA editing levels and RNA expression levels of specific genes, such as ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) in inflammation pathways and ATM, TUT4, and YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA-binding protein C2 (YTHDC2) in oocyte development pathway. Conclusions These findings suggest that RNA-editing dysregulation in PCOS adipose tissue may contribute to inflammatory dysregulations. Understanding the interplay between RNA editing and adipose tissue function may unveil potential therapeutic targets for PCOS management. However, further research and validation are required to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Province Ziyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Province Ziyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Mingli Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Province Ziyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operation Room, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Arvanitaki ES, Goulielmaki E, Gkirtzimanaki K, Niotis G, Tsakani E, Nenedaki E, Rouska I, Kefalogianni M, Xydias D, Kalafatakis I, Psilodimitrakopoulos S, Karagogeos D, Schumacher B, Stratakis E, Garinis GA. Microglia-derived extracellular vesicles trigger age-related neurodegeneration upon DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317402121. [PMID: 38635632 PMCID: PMC11047102 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317402121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and neurodegenerative disorders are intimately linked but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that persistent DNA lesions in tissue-resident macrophages carrying an XPF-ERCC1 DNA repair defect trigger neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death in mice. We find that microglia accumulate dsDNAs and chromatin fragments in the cytosol, which are sensed thereby stimulating a viral-like immune response in Er1Cx/- and naturally aged murine brain. Cytosolic DNAs are packaged into extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released from microglia and discharge their dsDNA cargo into IFN-responsive neurons triggering cell death. To remove cytosolic dsDNAs and prevent inflammation, we developed targeting EVs to deliver recombinant DNase I to Er1Cx/- brain microglia in vivo. We show that EV-mediated elimination of cytosolic dsDNAs is sufficient to prevent neuroinflammation, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and delay the onset of neurodegenerative symptoms in Er1Cx/- mice. Together, our findings unveil a causal mechanism leading to neuroinflammation and provide a rationalized therapeutic strategy against age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermioni S. Arvanitaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Evi Goulielmaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Gkirtzimanaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - George Niotis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Edisona Tsakani
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Electra Nenedaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Iliana Rouska
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Mary Kefalogianni
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71003, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Dionysios Xydias
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
- Materials Science and Technology Department, University of Crete, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Ilias Kalafatakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Sotiris Psilodimitrakopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Domna Karagogeos
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR71110, Crete, Greece
| | - George A. Garinis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, HeraklionGR71409, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, HeraklionGR70013, Crete, Greece
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Ali SI, Najaf-Panah MJ, Pyper KB, Lujan FE, Sena J, Ashley AK. Comparative analysis of basal and etoposide-induced alterations in gene expression by DNA-PKcs kinase activity. Front Genet 2024; 15:1276365. [PMID: 38577247 PMCID: PMC10991847 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1276365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Maintenance of the genome is essential for cell survival, and impairment of the DNA damage response is associated with multiple pathologies including cancer and neurological abnormalities. DNA-PKcs is a DNA repair protein and a core component of the classical nonhomologous end-joining pathway, but it also has roles in modulating gene expression and thus, the overall cellular response to DNA damage. Methods: Using cells producing either wild-type (WT) or kinase-inactive (KR) DNA-PKcs, we assessed global alterations in gene expression in the absence or presence of DNA damage. We evaluated differential gene expression in untreated cells and observed differences in genes associated with cellular adhesion, cell cycle regulation, and inflammation-related pathways. Following exposure to etoposide, we compared how KR versus WT cells responded transcriptionally to DNA damage. Results: Downregulated genes were mostly involved in protein, sugar, and nucleic acid biosynthesis pathways in both genotypes, but enriched biological pathways were divergent, again with KR cells manifesting a more robust inflammatory response compared to WT cells. To determine what major transcriptional regulators are controlling the differences in gene expression noted, we used pathway analysis and found that many master regulators of histone modifications, proinflammatory pathways, cell cycle regulation, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and cellular development and differentiation were impacted by DNA-PKcs status. Finally, we have used qPCR to validate selected genes among the differentially regulated pathways to validate RNA sequence data. Conclusion: Overall, our results indicate that DNA-PKcs, in a kinase-dependent fashion, decreases proinflammatory signaling following genotoxic insult. As multiple DNA-PK kinase inhibitors are in clinical trials as cancer therapeutics utilized in combination with DNA damaging agents, understanding the transcriptional response when DNA-PKcs cannot phosphorylate downstream targets will inform the overall patient response to combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Mohammad J. Najaf-Panah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Kennedi B. Pyper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - F. Ester Lujan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Johnny Sena
- National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM, United States
| | - Amanda K. Ashley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
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Bu W, Sun X, Xue X, Geng S, Yang T, Zhang J, Li Y, Feng C, Liu Q, Zhang X, Li P, Liu Z, Shi Y, Shao C. Early onset of pathological polyploidization and cellular senescence in hepatocytes lacking RAD51 creates a pro-fibrotic and pro-tumorigenic inflammatory microenvironment. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00800. [PMID: 38466833 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS RAD51 recombinase (RAD51) is a highly conserved DNA repair protein and is indispensable for embryonic viability. As a result, the role of RAD51 in liver development and function is unknown. Our aim was to characterize the function of RAD51 in postnatal liver development. APPROACH AND RESULTS RAD51 is highly expressed during liver development and during regeneration following hepatectomy and hepatic injury, and is also elevated in chronic liver diseases. We generated a hepatocyte-specific Rad51 deletion mouse model using Alb -Cre ( Rad51 -conditional knockout (CKO)) and Adeno-associated virus 8-thyroxine-binding globulin-cyclization recombination enzyme to evaluate the function of RAD51 in liver development and regeneration. The phenotype in Rad51 -CKO mice is dependent on CRE dosage, with Rad51fl/fl ; Alb -Cre +/+ manifesting a more severe phenotype than the Rad51fl/fl ; Alb -Cre +/- mice. RAD51 deletion in postnatal hepatocytes results in aborted mitosis and early onset of pathological polyploidization that is associated with oxidative stress and cellular senescence. Remarkable liver fibrosis occurs spontaneously as early as in 3-month-old Rad51fl/fl ; Alb -Cre +/+ mice. While liver regeneration is compromised in Rad51 -CKO mice, they are more tolerant of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury and resistant to diethylnitrosamine/carbon tetrachloride-induced HCC. A chronic inflammatory microenvironment created by the senescent hepatocytes appears to activate ductular reaction the transdifferentiation of cholangiocytes to hepatocytes. The newly derived RAD51 functional immature hepatocytes proliferate vigorously, acquire increased malignancy, and eventually give rise to HCC. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a novel function of RAD51 in liver development, homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. The Rad51 -CKO mice represent a unique genetic model for premature liver senescence, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaotong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengmiao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peishan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Jüttner AA, Ataei Ataabadi E, Golshiri K, de Vries R, Garrelds IM, Danser AHJ, Visser JA, Roks AJM. Adiponectin secretion by perivascular adipose tissue supports impaired vasodilation in a mouse model of accelerated vascular smooth muscle cell and adipose tissue aging. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107281. [PMID: 38320678 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function during aging has not been investigated in detail so far and its effect on vasodilation remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate endothelium-dependent vasodilation of thoracic aorta in a mouse model of accelerated, selective vascular smooth muscle and PVAT aging, induced by SM22α-Cre-driven genetic deletion of the endonuclease ERCC1 (SMC-KO mice) versus healthy littermates (LM). We hypothesized that PVAT enhances vasodilation in LM, possibly through adiponectin secretion, which might be compromised in SMC-KO animals. METHODS Thoracic aorta was isolated from SMC-KO animals and LM and segments with and without PVAT were mounted in wire myography setups. The endothelium-dependent vasodilation was assessed via acetylcholine dose-response curves and pathway contribution was studied. Moreover, adiponectin secretion was measured after stimulating the aortic segments with PVAT with acetylcholine. RESULTS Adiponectin, secreted by PVAT, led to increased NO-contribution to endothelium-dependent vasodilation in healthy LM, although this did not increase maximum relaxation due to loss of EDH. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was decreased in SMC-KO animals due to reduced NO-contribution and complete EDH loss. Despite strong lipodystrophy the PVAT partially compensated for lost vasodilation in SMC-KO. LM PVAT contained acetylcholinesterase that attenuated acetylcholine responses. This was lost in SMC-KO. CONCLUSIONS PVAT-derived adiponectin is able to partially compensate for age-related decline in NO-mediated vasodilation, even during strong lipodystrophy, in conditions of absence of compensating EDH. In aorta with healthy PVAT acetylcholinesterase modulates vascular tone, but this is lost during aging, further compensating for decreased acetylcholine responsiveness. Thus, preservation of adiponectin levels, through relatively increased production in lipodystrophic PVAT, and reduction of cholinesterase might be regulatory mechanisms of the PVAT to preserve cholinergic vasodilation during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Jüttner
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - E Ataei Ataabadi
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - K Golshiri
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - R de Vries
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - I M Garrelds
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - A H J Danser
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - J A Visser
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - A J M Roks
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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9
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Mavroeidi D, Georganta A, Panagiotou E, Syrigos K, Souliotis VL. Targeting ATR Pathway in Solid Tumors: Evidence of Improving Therapeutic Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2767. [PMID: 38474014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) system is a complicated network of signaling pathways that detects and repairs DNA damage or induces apoptosis. Critical regulators of the DDR network include the DNA damage kinases ataxia telangiectasia mutated Rad3-related kinase (ATR) and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM). The ATR pathway coordinates processes such as replication stress response, stabilization of replication forks, cell cycle arrest, and DNA repair. ATR inhibition disrupts these functions, causing a reduction of DNA repair, accumulation of DNA damage, replication fork collapse, inappropriate mitotic entry, and mitotic catastrophe. Recent data have shown that the inhibition of ATR can lead to synthetic lethality in ATM-deficient malignancies. In addition, ATR inhibition plays a significant role in the activation of the immune system by increasing the tumor mutational burden and neoantigen load as well as by triggering the accumulation of cytosolic DNA and subsequently inducing the cGAS-STING pathway and the type I IFN response. Taken together, we review stimulating data showing that ATR kinase inhibition can alter the DDR network, the immune system, and their interplay and, therefore, potentially provide a novel strategy to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapy, using ATR inhibitors as monotherapy or in combination with genotoxic drugs and/or immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Mavroeidi
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece
- Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital for Chest Diseases, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Georganta
- Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital for Chest Diseases, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Panagiotou
- Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital for Chest Diseases, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Syrigos
- Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital for Chest Diseases, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis L Souliotis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece
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10
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Sawada D, Kato H, Kaneko H, Kinoshita D, Funayama S, Minamizuka T, Takasaki A, Igarashi K, Koshizaka M, Takada-Watanabe A, Nakamura R, Aono K, Yamaguchi A, Teramoto N, Maeda Y, Ohno T, Hayashi A, Ide K, Ide S, Shoji M, Kitamoto T, Endo Y, Ogata H, Kubota Y, Mitsukawa N, Iwama A, Ouchi Y, Takayama N, Eto K, Fujii K, Takatani T, Shiohama T, Hamada H, Maezawa Y, Yokote K. Senescence-associated inflammation and inhibition of adipogenesis in subcutaneous fat in Werner syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9948-9964. [PMID: 37793000 PMCID: PMC10599740 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a hereditary premature aging disorder characterized by visceral fat accumulation and subcutaneous lipoatrophy, resulting in severe insulin resistance. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we show that senescence-associated inflammation and suppressed adipogenesis play a role in subcutaneous adipose tissue reduction and dysfunction in WS. Clinical data from four Japanese patients with WS revealed significant associations between the decrease of areas of subcutaneous fat and increased insulin resistance measured by the glucose clamp. Adipose-derived stem cells from the stromal vascular fraction derived from WS subcutaneous adipose tissues (WSVF) showed early replicative senescence and a significant increase in the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers. Additionally, adipogenesis and insulin signaling were suppressed in WSVF, and the expression of adipogenesis suppressor genes and SASP-related genes was increased. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), alleviated premature cellular senescence, rescued the decrease in insulin signaling, and extended the lifespan of WS model of C. elegans. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the critical role of cellular senescence in subcutaneous lipoatrophy and severe insulin resistance in WS, highlighting the therapeutic potential of rapamycin for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sawada
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kato
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiyori Kaneko
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Funayama
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Minamizuka
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takasaki
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsushi Igarashi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaya Koshizaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aki Takada-Watanabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rito Nakamura
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuto Aono
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayano Yamaguchi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Teramoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukari Maeda
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ohno
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aiko Hayashi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kana Ide
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ide
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shoji
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan
- Department of Omics Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ogata
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, And Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kubota
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, And Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mitsukawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, And Aesthetic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ouchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Takayama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsunori Fujii
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, International University of Welfare and Health School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
| | - Tomozumi Takatani
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shiohama
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Hamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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11
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Varun K, Zoltan K, Alba S, Manuel B, Elisabeth K, Dimitrios T, Jan B G, Maik B, Khurrum S, Berend I, Stephen H, Thomas F, Julia S, Peter N, Stefan K. Elevated markers of DNA damage and senescence are associated with the progression of albuminuria and restrictive lung disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104516. [PMID: 36934657 PMCID: PMC10025008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to investigate the cascade involving DNA damage, senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in experimental diabetes and in a four-year follow-up study in patients with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Kidney, lung, and liver were studied in 4 months diabetic db/db mice and age-matched controls for the presence of DNA damage and fibrosis. DNA damage (comet-tail-length and ɤH2Ax-positivity in white blood cells), urinary p21-excretion, and plasma IL-6 and TGF-β1 were determined from 115 healthy participants, 34 patients with pre-diabetes and 221 with type 2 diabetes. Urinary albumin-creatinine-ratio, lung function, and transient elastography of the liver were performed in a prospective follow-up study over 4 years. FINDINGS db/db mice showed an increased nuclear ɤH2AX signal in all tissues as compared to the background control. Markers for DNA damage, senescence, and SASP were increased in patients with diabetes. The presence of nephropathy, restrictive lung disease (RLD), and increased liver stiffness was in a cross-sectional design associated with increased markers for DNA damage, senescence, and SASP. The progression of nephropathy over 4 years was predicted by increased DNA damage, senescence, and SASP, while the progression of RLD was associated with increased DNA damage and IL-6 only. The progression of liver stiffness was not associated with any of these parameters. HbA1c was not predictive for progression. INTERPRETATION In db/db mice, the cascade of DNA damage is associated with diabetes-related complications. In patients with diabetes, the progression of complications in the kidney and lung is predicted by markers reflecting DNA damage, and senescence-triggered organ fibrosis. FUNDING This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the CRC 1118 and CRC 1158, by the GRK DIAMICOM, by the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), and by the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts, Baden-Württemberg (Kompetenznetzwerk Präventivmedizin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Varun
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kender Zoltan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sulaj Alba
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Blume Manuel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kliemank Elisabeth
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tsilingiris Dimitrios
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Groener Jan B
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany; Medicover Neuroendokrinologie, Munich, Germany
| | - Brune Maik
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shahzad Khurrum
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isermann Berend
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Herzig Stephen
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany; Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Internal Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fleming Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Szendroedi Julia
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nawroth Peter
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Internal Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kopf Stefan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine I), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
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12
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Zhao Y, Simon M, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V. DNA damage and repair in age-related inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:75-89. [PMID: 35831609 PMCID: PMC10106081 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability is an important driver of ageing. The accumulation of DNA damage is believed to contribute to ageing by inducing cell death, senescence and tissue dysfunction. However, emerging evidence shows that inflammation is another major consequence of DNA damage. Inflammation is a hallmark of ageing and the driver of multiple age-related diseases. Here, we review the evidence linking DNA damage, inflammation and ageing, highlighting how premature ageing syndromes are associated with inflammation. We discuss the mechanisms by which DNA damage induces inflammation, such as through activation of the cGAS-STING axis and NF-κB activation by ATM. The triggers for activation of these signalling cascades are the age-related accumulation of DNA damage, activation of transposons, cellular senescence and the accumulation of persistent R-loops. We also discuss how epigenetic changes triggered by DNA damage can lead to inflammation and ageing via redistribution of heterochromatin factors. Finally, we discuss potential interventions against age-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Simon
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andrei Seluanov
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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13
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Chowdhury SG, Misra S, Karmakar P. Understanding the Impact of Obesity on Ageing in the Radiance of DNA Metabolism. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:314-328. [PMID: 37248755 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a multi-factorial phenomenon which is considered as a major risk factor for the development of neurodegeneration, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, dementia, cancer, and other chronic diseases. Phenotypically, ageing is related with a combination of molecular, cellular, and physiological levels like genomic and epi-genomic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulation of cellular and subcellular function and mitochondrial dysfunction. Though, no single molecular mechanism accounts for the functional decline of different organ systems in older humans but accumulation of DNA damage or mutations is a dominant theory which contributes largely to the development of ageing and age-related diseases. However, mechanistic, and hierarchical order of these features of ageing has not been clarified yet. Scientific community now focus on the effect of obesity on accelerated ageing process. Obesity is a complex chronic disease that affects multiple organs and tissues. It can not only lead to various health conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease but also can decrease life expectancy which shows similar phenotype of ageing. Higher loads of DNA damage were also observed in the genome of obese people. Thus, inability of DNA damage repair may contribute to both ageing and obesity apart from cancer predisposition. The present review emphasizes on the involvement of molecular phenomenon of DNA metabolism in development of obesity and how it accelerates ageing in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Chowdhury
- Parimal Karmakar, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
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14
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Arvanitaki ES, Stratigi K, Garinis GA. DNA damage, inflammation and aging: Insights from mice. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:973781. [PMID: 36160606 PMCID: PMC9490123 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.973781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Persistent DNA lesions build up with aging triggering inflammation, the body’s first line of immune defense strategy against foreign pathogens and irritants. Once established, DNA damage-driven inflammation takes on a momentum of its own, due to the amplification and feedback loops of the immune system leading to cellular malfunction, tissue degenerative changes and metabolic complications. Here, we discuss the use of murine models with inborn defects in genome maintenance and the DNA damage response for understanding how irreparable DNA lesions are functionally linked to innate immune signaling highlighting their relevance for developing novel therapeutic strategies against the premature onset of aging-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermioni S. Arvanitaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - George A. Garinis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Greece
- *Correspondence: George A. Garinis,
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15
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The landscape of aging. SCIENCE CHINA LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2354-2454. [PMID: 36066811 PMCID: PMC9446657 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity, leading to impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death. It is a major risk factor for chronic human diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological degeneration, and cancer. Therefore, the growing emphasis on “healthy aging” raises a series of important questions in life and social sciences. In recent years, there has been unprecedented progress in aging research, particularly the discovery that the rate of aging is at least partly controlled by evolutionarily conserved genetic pathways and biological processes. In an attempt to bring full-fledged understanding to both the aging process and age-associated diseases, we review the descriptive, conceptual, and interventive aspects of the landscape of aging composed of a number of layers at the cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organismal levels.
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16
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Kumari S, Sharma S, Advani D, Khosla A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK. Unboxing the molecular modalities of mutagens in cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62111-62159. [PMID: 34611806 PMCID: PMC8492102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of the majority of human cancers is associated with a myriad of environmental causes, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. DNA damage induced by such mutagens is the initial step in the process of carcinogenesis resulting in the accumulation of mutations. Mutational events are considered the major triggers for introducing genetic and epigenetic insults such as DNA crosslinks, single- and double-strand DNA breaks, formation of DNA adducts, mismatched bases, modification in histones, DNA methylation, and microRNA alterations. However, DNA repair mechanisms are devoted to protect the DNA to ensure genetic stability, any aberrations in these calibrated mechanisms provoke cancer occurrence. Comprehensive knowledge of the type of mutagens and carcinogens and the influence of these agents in DNA damage and cancer induction is crucial to develop rational anticancer strategies. This review delineated the molecular mechanism of DNA damage and the repair pathways to provide a deep understanding of the molecular basis of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. A relationship between DNA adduct formation and cancer incidence has also been summarized. The mechanistic basis of inflammatory response and oxidative damage triggered by mutagens in tumorigenesis has also been highlighted. We elucidated the interesting interplay between DNA damage response and immune system mechanisms. We addressed the current understanding of DNA repair targeted therapies and DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment and discussed how antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents combined with traditional approaches lay the foundations for future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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17
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Polβ modulates the expression of type I interferon via STING pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 621:137-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Modification Effect of PARP4 and ERCC1 Gene Polymorphisms on the Relationship between Particulate Matter Exposure and Fasting Glucose Level. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106241. [PMID: 35627777 PMCID: PMC9140444 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) has been linked to adverse health outcomes, including insulin resistance (IR). To evaluate the relationships between exposures to PM10, PM2.5–10, and PM2.5; the serum level of fasting glucose, a key IR indicator; and effects of polymorphisms of two repair genes (PARP4 and ERCC1) on these relations, PMs exposure data and blood samples for glucose measurement and genotyping were collected from 527 Korean elders. Daily average levels of PMs during 8 days, from 7 days before examination to the health examination day (from lag day 7 to lag day 0), were used for association analyses, and mean concentrations of PM10, PM2.5–10, and PM2.5 during the study period were 43.4 µg/m3, 19.9 µg/m3, and 23.6 µg/m3, respectively. All three PMs on lag day 4 (mean, 44.5 µg/m3 for PM10, 19.9 µg/m3 for PM2.5–10, and 24.3 µg/m3 for PM2.5) were most strongly associated with an increase in glucose level (percent change by inter-quartile range-change of PM: (β) = 1.4 and p = 0.0023 for PM10; β = 3.0 and p = 0.0010 for PM2.5–10; and β = 2.0 and p = 0.0134 for PM2.5). In particular, elders with PARP4 G-C-G or ERCC1 T-C haplotype were susceptible to PMs exposure in relation to glucose levels (PARP4 G-C-G: β = 2.6 and p = 0.0006 for PM10, β = 3.5 and p = 0.0009 for PM2.5–10, and β = 1.6 and p = 0.0020 for PM2.5; ERCC1 T-C: β = 2.2 and p = 0.0016 for PM10, β = 3.5 and p = 0.0003 for PM2.5–10, and β = 1.2 and p = 0.0158 for PM2.5). Our results indicated that genetic polymorphisms of PARP4 and ERCC1 could modify the relationship between PMs exposure and fasting glucose level in the elderly.
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19
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Cao W. IFN-Aging: Coupling Aging With Interferon Response. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:870489. [PMID: 35821859 PMCID: PMC9261325 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.870489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation affects many diseases and conditions, including aging. Interferons are a part of the immune defense against viral infections. Paradoxically, various aging tissues and organs from mammalian hosts perpetually accumulate changes brought by interferon pathway activation. Herein, we connote the mechanisms behind this phenomenon and discuss its implications in age-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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20
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In Het Panhuis W, Tsaalbi-Shtylik A, Schönke M, van Harmelen V, Pronk ACM, Streefland TCM, Sips HCM, Afkir S, Willems van Dijk K, Rensen PCN, de Wind N, Kooijman S. Rev1 deficiency induces replication stress to cause metabolic dysfunction differently in males and females. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E319-E329. [PMID: 35156394 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00357.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage responses compete for cellular resources with metabolic pathways, but little is known about the metabolic consequences of impaired DNA replication, a process called replication stress. Here we characterized the metabolic consequences of DNA replication stress at endogenous DNA lesions by using mice with a disruption of Rev1, a translesion DNA polymerase specialized in the mutagenic replication of damaged DNA. Male and female Rev1 knockout (KO) mice were compared with wild-type (WT) mice and followed over time to study the natural course of body weight gain and glucose tolerance. Follow-up measurements were performed in female mice for in-depth metabolic characterization. Body weight and fat mass were only increased in female KO mice versus WT mice, whereas glucose intolerance and a reduction in lean mass were observed in both sexes. Female KO mice showed reduced locomotor activity while male KO mice showed increased activity as compared with their WT littermates. Further characterization of female mice revealed that lipid handling was unaffected by Rev1 deletion. An increased respiratory exchange ratio, combined with elevated plasma lactate levels and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis indicated problems with aerobic oxidation and increased reliance on anaerobic glycolysis. Supplementation with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside to stimulate aerobic respiration failed to restore the metabolic phenotype. In conclusion, replication stress at endogenous DNA lesions induces a complex metabolic phenotype, most likely initiated by muscular metabolic dysfunction and increased dependence on anaerobic glycolysis. Nicotinamide riboside supplementation after the onset of the metabolic impairment did not rescue this phenotype.NEW & NOTEWORTHY An increasing number of DNA lesions interferes with cellular replication leading to metabolic inflexibility. We utilized Rev1 knockout mice as a model for replication stress, and show a sex-dependent metabolic phenotype, with a pronounced reduction of lean mass and glucose tolerance. These data indicate that in obesity, we may end up in an infinite loop where metabolic disturbance promotes the formation of DNA lesions, which in turn interferes with cellular replication causing further metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wietse In Het Panhuis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Milena Schönke
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa van Harmelen
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C M Pronk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Trea C M Streefland
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty C M Sips
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Salwa Afkir
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Niels de Wind
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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21
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Hamsanathan S, Anthonymuthu T, Han S, Shinglot H, Siefken E, Sims A, Sen P, Pepper HL, Snyder NW, Bayir H, Kagan V, Gurkar AU. Integrated -omics approach reveals persistent DNA damage rewires lipid metabolism and histone hyperacetylation via MYS-1/Tip60. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl6083. [PMID: 35171671 PMCID: PMC8849393 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although DNA damage is intricately linked to metabolism, the metabolic alterations that occur in response to DNA damage are not well understood. We use a DNA repair-deficient model of ERCC1-XPF in Caenorhabditis elegans to gain insights on how genotoxic stress drives aging. Using multi-omic approach, we discover that nuclear DNA damage promotes mitochondrial β-oxidation and drives a global loss of fat depots. This metabolic shift to β-oxidation generates acetyl-coenzyme A to promote histone hyperacetylation and an associated change in expression of immune-effector and cytochrome genes. We identify the histone acetyltransferase MYS-1, as a critical regulator of this metabolic-epigenetic axis. We show that in response to DNA damage, polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid (AA) and AA-related lipid mediators, are elevated and this is dependent on mys-1. Together, these findings reveal that DNA damage alters the metabolic-epigenetic axis to drive an immune-like response that can promote age-associated decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Hamsanathan
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Tamil Anthonymuthu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Adeptrix Corp., Beverly, MA 01915, USA
| | - Suhao Han
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Himaly Shinglot
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ella Siefken
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Austin Sims
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Payel Sen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hannah L. Pepper
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hulya Bayir
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Environmental Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Valerian Kagan
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Environmental Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Aditi U. Gurkar
- Aging Institute of UPMC and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Kaufmann Medical Building Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
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22
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Campos JTADM, Oliveira MSD, Soares LP, Medeiros KAD, Campos LRDS, Lima JG. DNA repair-related genes and adipogenesis: Lessons from congenital lipodystrophies. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220086. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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23
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Ye Z, Shi Y, Lees-Miller SP, Tainer JA. Function and Molecular Mechanism of the DNA Damage Response in Immunity and Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:797880. [PMID: 34970273 PMCID: PMC8712645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.797880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is an organized network of multiple interwoven components evolved to repair damaged DNA and maintain genome fidelity. Conceptually the DDR includes damage sensors, transducer kinases, and effectors to maintain genomic stability and accurate transmission of genetic information. We have recently gained a substantially improved molecular and mechanistic understanding of how DDR components are interconnected to inflammatory and immune responses to stress. DDR shapes both innate and adaptive immune pathways: (i) in the context of innate immunity, DDR components mainly enhance cytosolic DNA sensing and its downstream STimulator of INterferon Genes (STING)-dependent signaling; (ii) in the context of adaptive immunity, the DDR is needed for the assembly and diversification of antigen receptor genes that is requisite for T and B lymphocyte development. Imbalances between DNA damage and repair impair tissue homeostasis and lead to replication and transcription stress, mutation accumulation, and even cell death. These impacts from DDR defects can then drive tumorigenesis, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and aberrant immune responses. Yet, DDR deficiency or inhibition can also directly enhance innate immune responses. Furthermore, DDR defects plus the higher mutation load in tumor cells synergistically produce primarily tumor-specific neoantigens, which are powerfully targeted in cancer immunotherapy by employing immune checkpoint inhibitors to amplify immune responses. Thus, elucidating DDR-immune response interplay may provide critical connections for harnessing immunomodulatory effects plus targeted inhibition to improve efficacy of radiation and chemotherapies, of immune checkpoint blockade, and of combined therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu Ye
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Susan P. Lees-Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robson DNA Science Centre, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John A. Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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24
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Zhang L, Zhao J, Mu X, McGowan SJ, Angelini L, O'Kelly RD, Yousefzadeh MJ, Sakamoto A, Aversa Z, LeBrasseur NK, Suh Y, Huard J, Kamenecka TM, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD. Novel small molecule inhibition of IKK/NF-κB activation reduces markers of senescence and improves healthspan in mouse models of aging. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13486. [PMID: 34734460 PMCID: PMC8672781 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive NF-κB activation is associated with cellular senescence and stem cell dysfunction and rare variants in NF-κB family members are enriched in centenarians. We recently identified a novel small molecule (SR12343) that inhibits IKK/NF-κB activation by disrupting the association between IKKβ and NEMO. Here we investigated the therapeutic effects of SR12343 on senescence and aging in three different mouse models. SR12343 reduced senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity in oxidative stress-induced senescent mouse embryonic fibroblasts as well as in etoposide-induced senescent human IMR90 cells. Chronic administration of SR12343 to the Ercc1-/∆ and Zmpste24-/- mouse models of accelerated aging reduced markers of cellular senescence and SASP and improved multiple parameters of aging. SR12343 also reduced markers of senescence and increased muscle fiber size in 2-year-old WT mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway represents a promising target for reducing markers of cellular senescence, extending healthspan and treating age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps ResearchJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Xiaodong Mu
- Center for Regenerative Sports MedicineSteadman Philippon Research InstituteVailColoradoUSA
- Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences)JinanChina
| | - Sara J. McGowan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Luise Angelini
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Ryan D. O'Kelly
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Matthew J. Yousefzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Ayumi Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Genetics and DevelopmentColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative Sports MedicineSteadman Philippon Research InstituteVailColoradoUSA
| | | | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsInstitute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
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25
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Chatzidoukaki O, Stratigi K, Goulielmaki E, Niotis G, Akalestou-Clocher A, Gkirtzimanaki K, Zafeiropoulos A, Altmüller J, Topalis P, Garinis GA. R-loops trigger the release of cytoplasmic ssDNAs leading to chronic inflammation upon DNA damage. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5769. [PMID: 34797720 PMCID: PMC8604417 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
How DNA damage leads to chronic inflammation and tissue degeneration with aging remains to be fully resolved. Here, we show that DNA damage leads to cellular senescence, fibrosis, loss-of-tissue architecture, and chronic pancreatitis in mice with an inborn defect in the excision repair cross complementation group 1 (Ercc1) gene. We find that DNA damage-driven R-loops causally contribute to the active release and buildup of single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) in the cytoplasm of cells triggering a viral-like immune response in progeroid and naturally aged pancreata. To reduce the proinflammatory load, we developed an extracellular vesicle (EV)-based strategy to deliver recombinant S1 or ribonuclease H nucleases in inflamed Ercc1−/− pancreatic cells. Treatment of Ercc1−/− animals with the EV-delivered nuclease cargo eliminates DNA damage-induced R-loops and cytoplasmic ssDNAs alleviating chronic inflammation. Thus, DNA damage-driven ssDNAs causally contribute to tissue degeneration, Ercc1−/− paving the way for novel rationalized intervention strategies against age-related chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Chatzidoukaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Stratigi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Evi Goulielmaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Niotis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexia Akalestou-Clocher
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Gkirtzimanaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Pantelis Topalis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George A. Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Corresponding author.
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26
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Chabanon RM, Rouanne M, Lord CJ, Soria JC, Pasero P, Postel-Vinay S. Targeting the DNA damage response in immuno-oncology: developments and opportunities. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:701-717. [PMID: 34376827 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment and substantially improved patient outcome with regard to multiple tumour types. However, most patients still do not benefit from such therapies, notably because of the absence of pre-existing T cell infiltration. DNA damage response (DDR) deficiency has recently emerged as an important determinant of tumour immunogenicity. A growing body of evidence now supports the concept that DDR-targeted therapies can increase the antitumour immune response by (1) promoting antigenicity through increased mutability and genomic instability, (2) enhancing adjuvanticity through the activation of cytosolic immunity and immunogenic cell death and (3) favouring reactogenicity through the modulation of factors that control the tumour-immune cell synapse. In this Review, we discuss the interplay between the DDR and anticancer immunity and highlight how this dynamic interaction contributes to shaping tumour immunogenicity. We also review the most innovative preclinical approaches that could be used to investigate such effects, including recently developed ex vivo systems. Finally, we highlight the therapeutic opportunities presented by the exploitation of the DDR-anticancer immunity interplay, with a focus on those in early-phase clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman M Chabanon
- ATIP-Avenir Group, Inserm Unit U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Mathieu Rouanne
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Inserm Unit U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Département d'Urologie, Hôpital Foch, Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Philippe Pasero
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Postel-Vinay
- ATIP-Avenir Group, Inserm Unit U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
- Faculté de Médicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
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27
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Kajitani GS, Brace L, Trevino-Villarreal JH, Trocha K, MacArthur MR, Vose S, Vargas D, Bronson R, Mitchell SJ, Menck CFM, Mitchell JR. Neurovascular dysfunction and neuroinflammation in a Cockayne syndrome mouse model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22710-22731. [PMID: 34628368 PMCID: PMC8544306 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare, autosomal genetic disorder characterized by premature aging-like features, such as cachectic dwarfism, retinal atrophy, and progressive neurodegeneration. The molecular defect in CS lies in genes associated with the transcription-coupled branch of the nucleotide excision DNA repair (NER) pathway, though it is not yet clear how DNA repair deficiency leads to the multiorgan dysfunction symptoms of CS. In this work, we used a mouse model of severe CS with complete loss of NER (Csa-/-/Xpa-/-), which recapitulates several CS-related phenotypes, resulting in premature death of these mice at approximately 20 weeks of age. Although this CS model exhibits a severe progeroid phenotype, we found no evidence of in vitro endothelial cell dysfunction, as assessed by measuring population doubling time, migration capacity, and ICAM-1 expression. Furthermore, aortas from CX mice did not exhibit early senescence nor reduced angiogenesis capacity. Despite these observations, CX mice presented blood brain barrier disruption and increased senescence of brain endothelial cells. This was accompanied by an upregulation of inflammatory markers in the brains of CX mice, such as ICAM-1, TNFα, p-p65, and glial cell activation. Inhibition of neovascularization did not exacerbate neither astro- nor microgliosis, suggesting that the pro-inflammatory phenotype is independent of the neurovascular dysfunction present in CX mice. These findings have implications for the etiology of this disease and could contribute to the study of novel therapeutic targets for treating Cockayne syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Satoru Kajitani
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lear Brace
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Kaspar Trocha
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Robert MacArthur
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Vose
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dorathy Vargas
- Rodent Histopathology Core, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roderick Bronson
- Rodent Histopathology Core, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Jayne Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - James Robert Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Vascular Ageing Features Caused by Selective DNA Damage in Smooth Muscle Cell. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2308317. [PMID: 34504640 PMCID: PMC8423575 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2308317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Persistently unrepaired DNA damage has been identified as a causative factor for vascular ageing. We have previously shown that a defect in the function or expression of the DNA repair endonuclease ERCC1 (excision repair cross complement 1) in mice leads to accelerated, nonatherosclerotic ageing of the vascular system from as early as 8 weeks after birth. Removal of ERCC1 from endothelial alone partly explains this ageing, as shown in endothelial-specific Ercc1 knockout mice. In this study, we determined vascular ageing due to DNA damage in vascular smooth muscle cells, as achieved by smooth muscle-selective genetic removal of ERCC1 DNA repair in mice (SMC-KO: SM22αCre+ Ercc1fl/-). Vascular ageing features in SMC-KO and their wild-type littermates (WT: SM22αCre+ Ercc1fl/+) were examined at the age of 14 weeks and 25 weeks. Both SMC-KO and WT mice were normotensive. Compared to WT, SMC-KO showed a reduced heart rate, fractional shortening, and cardiac output. SMC-KO showed progressive features of nonatherosclerotic vascular ageing as they aged from 14 to 25 weeks. Decreased subcutaneous microvascular dilatation and increased carotid artery stiffness were observed. Vasodilator responses measured in aortic rings in organ baths showed decreased endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent responses, mostly due to decreased NO-cGMP signaling. NADPH oxidase 2 and phosphodiesterase 1 inhibition improved dilations. SMC-KO mice showed elevated levels of various cytokines that indicate a balance shift in pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways. In conclusion, SMC-KO mice showed a progressive vascular ageing phenotype in resistant and conduit arteries that is associated with cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction. The changes induced by DNA damage might be limited to VSMC but eventually affect EC-mediated responses. The fact that NADPH oxidase 2 as wells as phosphodiesterase 1 inhibition restores vasodilation suggests that both decreased NO bioavailability and cGMP degradation play a role in local vascular smooth muscle cell ageing induced by DNA damage.
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Rieckher M, Garinis GA, Schumacher B. Molecular pathology of rare progeroid diseases. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:907-922. [PMID: 34272172 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Progeroid syndromes (PSs) are characterized by the premature onset of age-related pathologies. The genetic mutations underlying PSs are functionally linked to genome maintenance and repair, supporting the causative role of DNA damage accumulation in aging. Recent advances from studies in animal models of PSs have provided new insight into the role of DNA repair mechanisms in human disease and the physiological adaptations to accumulating DNA damage during aging. The molecular pathology of PSs is reminiscent of the natural aging process, highlighting the relevance for a wide range of age-related diseases. Recent progress has led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies against age-related diseases that are relevant to rare diseases as well as the general aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rieckher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - George A Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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Meng Y, Wang K, Wang T, Tu Y, Gong S, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Au W, Christiani DC, Xia ZL. Early occupational exposure to lead on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and genotoxicity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 151:106448. [PMID: 33618327 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) is known to induce detrimental health effects in exposed populations, including hematotoxicity and genotoxicity. Complete blood count (CBC) is a cost-effective and easy way to determine toxicity, and variations in proportion of different types of leukocytes: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) are further evidence of hematotoxicity. However, few studies have been conducted to systematically evaluate effects of occupational Pb exposure on NLR and LMR, and their associations with genotoxicity. OBJECTIVES Our study was aimed to systematically assess the effects of current occupational Pb exposure on NLR and LMR, and their associations with genotoxicity. METHODS Our investigation was performed on 1176 workers from a newly built battery factory in North China. The workers had just entered their current job position in recent years and most of them had no previous history of occupational exposure to Pb. Blood lead levels (BLLs) and leukocytes indices were detected for all participants. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay (MN; n = 675) and alkaline comet assay (% tail DNA; n = 869) were used to assess genotoxicity. Multivariate linear and Poisson regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between leukocytes indices, genotoxic biomarkers and BLLs with adjustment for covariates. Spearman correlation and mediation analyses were used to investigate relationships between NLR and genotoxicity. RESULTS Among all the exposed workers, NLR increased with increasing BLLs. However, WBC and LMR did not change significantly. Significant and dose-dependent increases in both MN frequencies and % tail DNA were observed among groups with different exposure doses. Compared with the normal NLR group (1.48 ≤ NLR < 4.58), the high NLR group (NLR ≥ 4.58) had higher % tail DNA. In addition, there was a significant and positive association between NLR and % tail DNA among all the workers, and % tail DNA mediated 15% of the effect of Pb on increasing NLR. CONCLUSION Our large-scale population study shows that Pb exposure increased NLR and induced genotoxicity. There was an association between elevated NLR and DNA damage. In addition, the mediation effect of % tail DNA on the relationship between BLLs and NLR provided mechanistic evidence that certain mechanisms, e.g. inflammation, may be involved in elevation of NLR from Pb exposure. Therefore, NLR may be a convenient and sensitive biomarker for indication of Pb toxicity. Further studies are needed to validate the proposed mechanism and NLR as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tuanwei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuting Tu
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shiyang Gong
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - William Au
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania, and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhao-Lin Xia
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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The splicing factor XAB2 interacts with ERCC1-XPF and XPG for R-loop processing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3153. [PMID: 34039990 PMCID: PMC8155215 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing, transcription and the DNA damage response are intriguingly linked in mammals but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using an in vivo biotinylation tagging approach in mice, we show that the splicing factor XAB2 interacts with the core spliceosome and that it binds to spliceosomal U4 and U6 snRNAs and pre-mRNAs in developing livers. XAB2 depletion leads to aberrant intron retention, R-loop formation and DNA damage in cells. Studies in illudin S-treated cells and Csbm/m developing livers reveal that transcription-blocking DNA lesions trigger the release of XAB2 from all RNA targets tested. Immunoprecipitation studies reveal that XAB2 interacts with ERCC1-XPF and XPG endonucleases outside nucleotide excision repair and that the trimeric protein complex binds RNA:DNA hybrids under conditions that favor the formation of R-loops. Thus, XAB2 functionally links the spliceosomal response to DNA damage with R-loop processing with important ramifications for transcription-coupled DNA repair disorders. XPA-binding protein (XAB)-2 is the human homologue of the yeast pre-mRNA splicing factor Syf1. Here the authors use an in vivo biotinylation tagging approach to show XAB2’s role in DNA repair, RNA splicing and transcription during mammalian development.
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Broustas CG, Duval AJ, Amundson SA. Impact of aging on gene expression response to x-ray irradiation using mouse blood. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10177. [PMID: 33986387 PMCID: PMC8119453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a radiation biodosimetry tool, gene expression profiling is being developed using mouse and human peripheral blood models. The impact of dose, dose-rate, and radiation quality has been studied with the goal of predicting radiological tissue injury. In this study, we determined the impact of aging on the gene expression profile of blood from mice exposed to radiation. Young (2 mo) and old (21 mo) male mice were irradiated with 4 Gy x-rays, total RNA was isolated from whole blood 24 h later, and subjected to whole genome microarray analysis. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed young mice responded to x-ray exposure by significantly upregulating pathways involved in apoptosis and phagocytosis, a process that eliminates apoptotic cells and preserves tissue homeostasis. In contrast, the functional annotation of senescence was overrepresented among differentially expressed genes from irradiated old mice without enrichment of phagocytosis pathways. Pathways associated with hematologic malignancies were enriched in irradiated old mice compared with irradiated young mice. The fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway was underrepresented in older mice under basal conditions. Similarly, brain-related functions were underrepresented in unirradiated old mice. Thus, age-dependent gene expression differences should be considered when developing gene signatures for use in radiation biodosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos G Broustas
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Axel J Duval
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sally A Amundson
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Pieren DKJ, Smits NAM, Imholz S, Nagarajah B, van Oostrom CT, Brandt RMC, Vermeij WP, Dollé MET, Guichelaar T. Compromised DNA Repair Promotes the Accumulation of Regulatory T Cells With an Aging-Related Phenotype and Responsiveness. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2. [PMID: 35474946 PMCID: PMC9037984 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.667193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Decline of immune function during aging has in part been ascribed to the accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and decreased T-cell responses with age. Aside from changes to T cells that occur over a lifetime, the impact of intracellular aging processes such as compromised DNA repair on T cells remains incompletely defined. Here we aimed to define the impact of compromised DNA repair on T-cell phenotype and responsiveness by studying T cells from mice with a deficiency in their DNA excision-repair gene Ercc1. These Ercc1 mutant (Ercc1−/Δ7) mice show accumulation of nuclear DNA damage resulting in accelerated aging. Similarly to wild-type aged mice, Ercc1−/Δ7 mice accumulated Tregs with reduced CD25 and increased PD-1 expression among their naive T cells. Ercc1-deficiency limited the capacity of Tregs, helper T cells, and cytotoxic T cells to proliferate and upregulate CD25 in response to T-cell receptor- and IL-2-mediated stimulation. The recent demonstration that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) may impair DNA repair lead us to hypothesize that changes induced in the T-cell population by compromised DNA repair may be slowed down or reversed by blocking mTOR with rapamycin. In vivo dietary treatment of Ercc1−/Δ7 mice with rapamycin did not reduce Treg levels, but highly increased the proportion of CD25+ and PD-1+ memory Tregs instead. Our study elucidates that compromised DNA repair promotes the accumulation of Tregs with an aging-related phenotype and causes reduced T-cell responsiveness, which may be independent of mTOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan K. J. Pieren
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Noortje A. M. Smits
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Imholz
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Bhawani Nagarajah
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Conny T. van Oostrom
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Wilbert P. Vermeij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn E. T. Dollé
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Teun Guichelaar
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Teun Guichelaar,
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Lumniczky K, Impens N, Armengol G, Candéias S, Georgakilas AG, Hornhardt S, Martin OA, Rödel F, Schaue D. Low dose ionizing radiation effects on the immune system. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106212. [PMID: 33293042 PMCID: PMC8784945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation interacts with the immune system in many ways with a multiplicity that mirrors the complexity of the immune system itself: namely the need to maintain a delicate balance between different compartments, cells and soluble factors that work collectively to protect, maintain, and restore tissue function in the face of severe challenges including radiation damage. The cytotoxic effects of high dose radiation are less relevant after low dose exposure, where subtle quantitative and functional effects predominate that may go unnoticed until late after exposure or after a second challenge reveals or exacerbates the effects. For example, low doses may permanently alter immune fitness and therefore accelerate immune senescence and pave the way for a wide spectrum of possible pathophysiological events, including early-onset of age-related degenerative disorders and cancer. By contrast, the so called low dose radiation therapy displays beneficial, anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties in chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases. In this review, epidemiological, clinical and experimental data regarding the effects of low-dose radiation on the homeostasis and functional integrity of immune cells will be discussed, as will be the role of immune-mediated mechanisms in the systemic manifestation of localized exposures such as inflammatory reactions. The central conclusion is that ionizing radiation fundamentally and durably reshapes the immune system. Further, the importance of discovery of immunological pathways for modifying radiation resilience amongst other research directions in this field is implied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Lumniczky
- National Public Health Centre, Department of Radiation Medicine, Budapest, Albert Florian u. 2-6, 1097, Hungary.
| | - Nathalie Impens
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Biosciences Expert Group, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Gemma Armengol
- Unit of Biological Anthropology, Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Serge Candéias
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG-LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece.
| | - Sabine Hornhardt
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Ingolstaedter Landstr.1, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Olga A Martin
- Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Franz Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Dörthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA.
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Huerta Guevara AP, McGowan SJ, Kazantzis M, Stallons TR, Sano T, Mulder NL, Jurdzinski A, van Dijk TH, Eggen BJL, Jonker JW, Niedernhofer LJ, Kruit JK. Increased insulin sensitivity and diminished pancreatic beta-cell function in DNA repair deficient Ercc1 d/- mice. Metabolism 2021; 117:154711. [PMID: 33493548 PMCID: PMC8625516 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is an age-associated disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and decreased beta-cell function. DNA damage accumulation has been associated with T2DM, but whether DNA damage plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease is unclear. Here, we used mice deficient for the DNA excision-repair gene Ercc1 to study the impact of persistent endogenous DNA damage accumulation on energy metabolism, glucose homeostasis and beta-cell function. METHODS ERCC1-XPF is an endonuclease required for multiple DNA repair pathways and reduced expression of ERCC1-XPF causes accelerated accumulation of unrepaired endogenous DNA damage and accelerated aging in humans and mice. In this study, energy metabolism, glucose metabolism, beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity were studied in Ercc1d/- mice, which model a human progeroid syndrome. RESULTS Ercc1d/- mice displayed suppression of the somatotropic axis and altered energy metabolism. Insulin sensitivity was increased, whereas, plasma insulin levels were decreased in Ercc1d/- mice. Fasting induced hypoglycemia in Ercc1d/- mice, which was the result of increased glucose disposal. Ercc1d/- mice exhibit a significantly reduced beta-cell area, even compared to control mice of similar weight. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo was decreased in Ercc1d/- mice. Islets isolated from Ercc1d/- mice showed increased DNA damage markers, decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and increased susceptibility to apoptosis. CONCLUSION Spontaneous DNA damage accumulation triggers an adaptive response resulting in improved insulin sensitivity. Loss of DNA repair, however, does negatively impacts beta-cell survival and function in Ercc1d/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Huerta Guevara
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sara J McGowan
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Metabolism and Aging, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | | | | | - Tokio Sano
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Niels L Mulder
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Angelika Jurdzinski
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo H van Dijk
- Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan W Jonker
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Metabolism and Aging, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Janine K Kruit
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Siametis A, Niotis G, Garinis GA. DNA Damage and the Aging Epigenome. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:961-967. [PMID: 33494932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, genome instability and aging are intimately linked as illustrated by the growing list of patients with progeroid and animal models with inborn DNA repair defects. Until recently, DNA damage was thought to drive aging by compromising transcription or DNA replication, thereby leading to age-related cellular malfunction and somatic mutations triggering cancer. However, recent evidence suggests that DNA lesions also elicit widespread epigenetic alterations that threaten cell homeostasis as a function of age. In this review, we discuss the functional links of persistent DNA damage with the epigenome in the context of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Siametis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Niotis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George A Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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D'Amico AM, Vasquez KM. The multifaceted roles of DNA repair and replication proteins in aging and obesity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 99:103049. [PMID: 33529944 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Efficient mechanisms for genomic maintenance (i.e., DNA repair and DNA replication) are crucial for cell survival. Aging and obesity can lead to the dysregulation of genomic maintenance proteins/pathways and are significant risk factors for the development of cancer, metabolic disorders, and other genetic diseases. Mutations in genes that code for proteins involved in DNA repair and DNA replication can also exacerbate aging- and obesity-related disorders and lead to the development of progeroid diseases. In this review, we will discuss the roles of various DNA repair and replication proteins in aging and obesity as well as investigate the possible mechanisms by which aging and obesity can lead to the dysregulation of these proteins and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M D'Amico
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
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38
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Zammouri J, Vatier C, Capel E, Auclair M, Storey-London C, Bismuth E, Mosbah H, Donadille B, Janmaat S, Fève B, Jéru I, Vigouroux C. Molecular and Cellular Bases of Lipodystrophy Syndromes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:803189. [PMID: 35046902 PMCID: PMC8763341 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.803189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophy syndromes are rare diseases originating from a generalized or partial loss of adipose tissue. Adipose tissue dysfunction results from heterogeneous genetic or acquired causes, but leads to similar metabolic complications with insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dysfunctions of the gonadotropic axis and endocrine defects of adipose tissue with leptin and adiponectin deficiency. Diagnosis, based on clinical and metabolic investigations, and on genetic analyses, is of major importance to adapt medical care and genetic counseling. Molecular and cellular bases of these syndromes involve, among others, altered adipocyte differentiation, structure and/or regulation of the adipocyte lipid droplet, and/or premature cellular senescence. Lipodystrophy syndromes frequently present as systemic diseases with multi-tissue involvement. After an update on the main molecular bases and clinical forms of lipodystrophy, we will focus on topics that have recently emerged in the field. We will discuss the links between lipodystrophy and premature ageing and/or immuno-inflammatory aggressions of adipose tissue, as well as the relationships between lipomatosis and lipodystrophy. Finally, the indications of substitutive therapy with metreleptin, an analog of leptin, which is approved in Europe and USA, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Zammouri
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Camille Vatier
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Emilie Capel
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Martine Auclair
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Caroline Storey-London
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology Department, National Competence Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Elise Bismuth
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology Department, National Competence Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Héléna Mosbah
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Donadille
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Sonja Janmaat
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Jéru
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
- Genetics Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Sorbonne University, Inserm UMR_S 938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Cardiometabolism and Nutrition University Hospital Institute (ICAN), Paris, France
- Endocrinology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France
- Genetics Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
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Dai YF, Tan JJ, Deng CQ, Liu X, Lv ZH, Li XP. Association of pepsin and DNA damage in laryngopharyngeal reflux-related vocal fold polyps. Am J Otolaryngol 2020; 41:102681. [PMID: 32889371 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate if laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) plays a role as a risk factor for vocal fold polyps (VFPs), and if pepsin is associated with higher oxidative DNA damage of VFPs in the presence of LPR. METHODS Thirty patients with VFPs were recruited between 2017 and 2018. Prior to surgery, a laryngoscopy was performed on all subjects to evaluate VFPs. Polyp tissue and saliva samples were obtained scrupulously. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed for pathologic analysis. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used to detect pepsin in tissue and saliva of VFP patients. 8-OHdG and p-H2AX expression was detected to measure oxidative DNA damage in tissue. DNA damage was investigated in human immortalized laryngeal epithelial cells exposed to pepsin. RESULTS The pepsin concentration in saliva was significantly higher (t = 2.38, P = .024) in the pepsin positive group. There was no significant difference in pepsin expression at different sites and pathological subtypes of VFPs. The levels of 8-OHdG and p-H2AX were significantly higher in the pepsin positive group and positively correlated with the tissue expression of pepsin. The concentration of pepsin in saliva also showed a significant correlation with 8-OHdG levels. Expression of 8-OHdG and p-H2AX, and tail moment of the comet assay were elevated in human immortalized laryngeal epithelial cells following treatment with pepsin. CONCLUSION Patients with VFPs have higher levels of oxidative DNA damage in the presence of pepsin reflux. Pepsin may induce DNA damage in laryngeal epithelial cells and participate in the pathogenesis of VFPs.
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Nastasi C, Mannarino L, D’Incalci M. DNA Damage Response and Immune Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7504. [PMID: 33053746 PMCID: PMC7588887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage is the cause of numerous human pathologies including cancer, premature aging, and chronic inflammatory conditions. The DNA damage response (DDR), in turn, coordinates DNA damage checkpoint activation and promotes the removal of DNA lesions. In recent years, several studies have shown how the DDR and the immune system are tightly connected, revealing an important crosstalk between the two of them. This interesting interplay has opened up new perspectives in clinical studies for immunological diseases as well as for cancer treatment. In this review, we provide an overview, from cellular to molecular pathways, on how DDR and the immune system communicate and share the crucial commitment of maintaining the genomic fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nastasi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Maurizio D’Incalci
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy;
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41
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DNA Damage Response and Metabolic Reprogramming in Health and Disease. Trends Genet 2020; 36:777-791. [PMID: 32684438 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear DNA damage contributes to cellular malfunction and the premature onset of age-related diseases, including cancer. Until recently, the canonical DNA damage response (DDR) was thought to represent a collection of nuclear processes that detect, signal and repair damaged DNA. However, recent evidence suggests that beyond nuclear events, the DDR rewires an intricate network of metabolic circuits, fine-tunes protein synthesis, trafficking, and secretion as well as balances growth with defense strategies in response to genotoxic insults. In this review, we discuss how the active DDR signaling mobilizes extranuclear and systemic responses to promote cellular homeostasis and organismal survival in health and disease.
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42
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Sebastian-Valverde M, Pasinetti GM. The NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Critical Actor in the Inflammaging Process. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061552. [PMID: 32604771 PMCID: PMC7348816 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of the considerable increase in the human lifespan over the last century, we are experiencing the appearance and impact of new age-related diseases. The causal relationships between aging and an enhanced susceptibility of suffering from a broad spectrum of diseases need to be better understood. However, one specific shared feature seems to be of capital relevance for most of these conditions: the low-grade chronic inflammatory state inherently associated with aging, i.e., inflammaging. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms that link aging and inflammaging, focusing on the role of the innate immunity and more concretely on the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as well as how the chronic activation of this inflammasome has a detrimental effect on different age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio M. Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York, NY 10468, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-241-1952
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43
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Ragu S, Matos-Rodrigues G, Lopez BS. Replication Stress, DNA Damage, Inflammatory Cytokines and Innate Immune Response. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E409. [PMID: 32283785 PMCID: PMC7230342 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete and accurate DNA replication is essential to genome stability maintenance during cellular division. However, cells are routinely challenged by endogenous as well as exogenous agents that threaten DNA stability. DNA breaks and the activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) arising from endogenous replication stress have been observed at pre- or early stages of oncogenesis and senescence. Proper detection and signalling of DNA damage are essential for the autonomous cellular response in which the DDR regulates cell cycle progression and controls the repair machinery. In addition to this autonomous cellular response, replicative stress changes the cellular microenvironment, activating the innate immune response that enables the organism to protect itself against the proliferation of damaged cells. Thereby, the recent descriptions of the mechanisms of the pro-inflammatory response activation after replication stress, DNA damage and DDR defects constitute important conceptual novelties. Here, we review the links of replication, DNA damage and DDR defects to innate immunity activation by pro-inflammatory paracrine effects, highlighting the implications for human syndromes and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bernard S. Lopez
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, UMR 8104 CNRS, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 24 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; (S.R.); (G.M.-R.)
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44
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Kim DE, Dollé MET, Vermeij WP, Gyenis A, Vogel K, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Wiley CD, Davalos AR, Hasty P, Desprez P, Campisi J. Deficiency in the DNA repair protein ERCC1 triggers a link between senescence and apoptosis in human fibroblasts and mouse skin. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13072. [PMID: 31737985 PMCID: PMC7059167 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ERCC1 (excision repair cross complementing‐group 1) is a mammalian endonuclease that incises the damaged strand of DNA during nucleotide excision repair and interstrand cross‐link repair. Ercc1−/Δ mice, carrying one null and one hypomorphic Ercc1 allele, have been widely used to study aging due to accelerated aging phenotypes in numerous organs and their shortened lifespan. Ercc1−/Δ mice display combined features of human progeroid and cancer‐prone syndromes. Although several studies report cellular senescence and apoptosis associated with the premature aging of Ercc1−/Δ mice, the link between these two processes and their physiological relevance in the phenotypes of Ercc1−/Δ mice are incompletely understood. Here, we show that ERCC1 depletion, both in cultured human fibroblasts and the skin of Ercc1−/Δ mice, initially induces cellular senescence and, importantly, increased expression of several SASP (senescence‐associated secretory phenotype) factors. Cellular senescence induced by ERCC1 deficiency was dependent on activity of the p53 tumor‐suppressor protein. In turn, TNFα secreted by senescent cells induced apoptosis, not only in neighboring ERCC1‐deficient nonsenescent cells, but also cell autonomously in the senescent cells themselves. In addition, expression of the stem cell markers p63 and Lgr6 was significantly decreased in Ercc1−/Δ mouse skin, where the apoptotic cells are localized, compared to age‐matched wild‐type skin, possibly due to the apoptosis of stem cells. These data suggest that ERCC1‐depleted cells become susceptible to apoptosis via TNFα secreted from neighboring senescent cells. We speculate that parts of the premature aging phenotypes and shortened health‐ or lifespan may be due to stem cell depletion through apoptosis promoted by senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Eun Kim
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato CA USA
| | - Martijn E. T. Dollé
- Centre for Health Protection Research National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) Bilthoven The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert P. Vermeij
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
- CECAD Forschungszentrum Köln Germany
| | | | | | - Paul Hasty
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio TX USA
| | | | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato CA USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
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The Impact of Focused Ultrasound in Two Tumor Models: Temporal Alterations in the Natural History on Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Cell Response. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020350. [PMID: 32033171 PMCID: PMC7072338 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) has been successfully employed as an ablative treatment for solid malignancies by exposing immune cells to tumor debris/antigens, consequently inducing an immune response within the tumor microenvironment (TME). To date, immunomodulation effects of non-ablative pulsed-FUS (pFUS) on the TME are poorly understood. In this study, the temporal differences of cytokines, chemokines, and trophic factors (CCTFs) and immune cell populations induced by pFUS were interrogated in murine B16 melanoma or 4T1 breast cancer cells subcutaneously inoculated into C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice. Natural history growth characteristics during the course of 11 days showed a progressive increase in size for both tumors, and proteomic analysis revealed a shift toward an immunosuppressive TME. With respect to tumor natural growth, pFUS applied to tumors on days 1, 5, or 9 demonstrated a decrease in the growth rate 24 h post-sonication. Flow cytometry analysis of tumors, LNs, and Sp, as well as CCTF profiles, relative DNA damage, and adaptive T-cell localization within tumors, demonstrated dynamic innate and adaptive immune-modulation following pFUS in early time points of B16 tumors and in advanced 4T1 tumors. These results provide insight into the temporal dynamics in the treatment-associated TME, which could be used to evaluate an immunomodulatory approach in different tumor types.
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46
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Shimizu I, Minamino T. Cellular Senescence in Arterial Diseases. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:79-91. [PMID: 32821723 PMCID: PMC7379072 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-proliferation potency is limited, as cells cannot proceed through the cell cycle continually. Instead, they eventually show an irreversible arrest of proliferation, commonly referred to as cellular senescence. Following the initial discovery of this phenomenon by Hayflick et al., studies have indicated that cells are also destined to undergo aging. In addition to the irreversible termination of proliferation, senescent cells are characterized by a flattened and enlarged morphology. Senescent cells become pro-inflammatory and contribute to the initiation and maintenance of sustained chronic sterile inflammation. Aging is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in the cardiovascular system, and in general these cells are considered to be pathogenic because they mediate vascular remodeling. Recently, genetic and pharmacological approaches have enabled researchers to eliminate senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo. The term “senolysis” is now used to refer to the depletion of senescent cells, and evidence indicates that senolysis contributes to the reversal of age-related pathogenic phenotypes without the risk of tumorigenesis. The concept of senolysis has opened new avenues in research on aging, and senolysis may be a promising therapeutic approach for combating age-related disorders, including arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Tissue-infiltrating macrophages mediate an exosome-based metabolic reprogramming upon DNA damage. Nat Commun 2020; 11:42. [PMID: 31896748 PMCID: PMC6940362 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and metabolic disorders are intimately linked with premature disease onset but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that persistent DNA damage accumulation in tissue-infiltrating macrophages carrying an ERCC1-XPF DNA repair defect (Er1F/−) triggers Golgi dispersal, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and exosome biogenesis leading to the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vivo and ex vivo. Macrophage-derived EVs accumulate in Er1F/− animal sera and are secreted in macrophage media after DNA damage. The Er1F/− EV cargo is taken up by recipient cells leading to an increase in insulin-independent glucose transporter levels, enhanced cellular glucose uptake, higher cellular oxygen consumption rate and greater tolerance to glucose challenge in mice. We find that high glucose in EV-targeted cells triggers pro-inflammatory stimuli via mTOR activation. This, in turn, establishes chronic inflammation and tissue pathology in mice with important ramifications for DNA repair-deficient, progeroid syndromes and aging. DNA damage is associated with metabolic disorders, but the mechanism in unclear. Here, the authors show that persistent DNA damage induced by lack of the endonuclease XPF-ERCC1 triggers extracellular vesicle biogenesis in tissue infiltrating macrophages, and that vesicle uptake stimulates glucose uptake in recipient cells, leading to increased inflammation.
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48
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Apostolou Z, Chatzinikolaou G, Stratigi K, Garinis GA. Nucleotide Excision Repair and Transcription-Associated Genome Instability. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1800201. [PMID: 30919497 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transcription is a potential threat to genome integrity, and transcription-associated DNA damage must be repaired for proper messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis and for cells to transmit their genome intact into progeny. For a wide range of structurally diverse DNA lesions, cells employ the highly conserved nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway to restore their genome back to its native form. Recent evidence suggests that NER factors function, in addition to the canonical DNA repair mechanism, in processes that facilitate mRNA synthesis or shape the 3D chromatin architecture. Here, these findings are critically discussed and a working model that explains the puzzling clinical heterogeneity of NER syndromes highlighting the relevance of physiological, transcription-associated DNA damage to mammalian development and disease is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivkos Apostolou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece.,Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion GR71409, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgia Chatzinikolaou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Stratigi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - George A Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece.,Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion GR71409, Crete, Greece
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Montano M, Bhasin S, D'Aquila RT, Erlandson KM, Evans WJ, Funderburg NT, Justice A, Ndhlovu LC, Ojikutu B, Pahor M, Pahwa S, Ryan AS, Schrack J, Schultz MB, Sebastiani P, Sinclair DA, Tripp J, Walker B, Womack JA, Yung R, Reeves RK. Harvard HIV and Aging Workshop: Perspectives and Priorities from Claude D. Pepper Centers and Centers for AIDS Research. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2019; 35:999-1012. [PMID: 31456412 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
People aging with HIV (PAWH) infection experience greater impairments in physical and cognitive function, in addition to higher rates of peripheral comorbid conditions (e.g., renal failure, diabetes, bone fracture, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, polypharmacy, and multimorbidity). While multifactorial drivers, including HIV infection itself, antiretroviral therapy-related toxicities, disparities in care, and biobehavioral factors, likely contribute, there remains an overarching question as to what are the relevant age-related mechanisms and models that could inform interventions that promote health span and life span in PAWH? This workshop was convened to hear from experts on the biology of aging and HIV researchers studying PAWH to focus on advancing investigations at the interface of HIV and Aging. In this study, we summarize the discussions from the Harvard Center for AIDS Research and Boston Claude D. Pepper cosponsored workshop on HIV and Aging, which took place in October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monty Montano
- Boston Pepper OAIC, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Boston Pepper OAIC, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - William J Evans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy Justice
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Bisola Ojikutu
- Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marco Pahor
- Institute on Aging, Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Savita Pahwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Alice S Ryan
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center and Research and Development Service, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael B Schultz
- Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Labs for the Biology of Aging, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paola Sebastiani
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Labs for the Biology of Aging, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julia Tripp
- Harvard University Center for AIDS Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce Walker
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Julie A Womack
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
- Yale School of Nursing, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Raymond Yung
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - R Keith Reeves
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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50
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Arora S, Velichinskii R, Lesh RW, Ali U, Kubiak M, Bansal P, Borghaei H, Edelman MJ, Boumber Y. Existing and Emerging Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors. Adv Ther 2019; 36:2638-2678. [PMID: 31410780 PMCID: PMC6778545 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-01051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, immunotherapy has transformed the way we treat solid tumors, including melanoma, lung, head neck, breast, renal, and bladder cancers. Durable responses and long-term survival benefit has been experienced by many cancer patients, with favorable toxicity profiles of immunotherapeutic agents relative to chemotherapy. Cures have become possible in some patients with metastatic disease. Additional approvals of immunotherapy drugs and in combination with other agents are anticipated in the near future. Multiple additional immunotherapy drugs are in earlier stages of clinical development, and their testing in additional tumor types is under way. Despite considerable early success and relatively fewer side effects, the majority of cancer patients do not respond to checkpoint inhibitors. Additionally, while the drugs are generally well tolerated, there is still the potential for significant, unpredictable and even fatal toxicity with these agents. Improved biomarkers may help to better select patients who are more likely to respond to these drugs. Two key biologically important predictive tissue biomarkers, specifically, PD-L1 and mismatch repair deficiency, have been FDA-approved in conjunction with the checkpoint inhibitor, pembrolizumab. Tumor mutation burden, another promising biomarker, is emerging in several tumor types, and may also soon receive approval. Finally, several other tissue and liquid biomarkers are emerging that could help guide single-agent immunotherapy and in combination with other agents. Of these, one promising investigational biomarker is alteration or deficiency in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, with altered DDR observed in a broad spectrum of tumors. Here, we provide a critical overview of current, emerging, and investigational biomarkers in the context of response to immunotherapy in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevani Arora
- Program in Cancer Prevention and Control, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Rodion Velichinskii
- Program in Cancer Prevention and Control, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Biotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Randy W Lesh
- Program in Cancer Prevention and Control, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Usman Ali
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michal Kubiak
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Centegra Health System, McHenry Hospital and Rosalind Franklin University, Mchenry, IL, USA
| | | | - Hossein Borghaei
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martin J Edelman
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
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