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Zhang L, Chen X, Wang J, Chen M, Chen J, Zhuang W, Xia Y, Huang Z, Zheng Y, Huang Y. Cysteine protease inhibitor 1 promotes metastasis by mediating an oxidative phosphorylation/MEK/ERK axis in esophageal squamous carcinoma cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4985. [PMID: 38424293 PMCID: PMC10904862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cysteine protease inhibitor 1 (CST1) is a cystatin superfamily protein that inhibits cysteine protease activity and is reported to be involved in the development of many malignancies. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) also plays an important role in cancer cell growth regulation. However, the relationship and roles of CST1 and OXPHOS in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. In our pilot study, CST1 was shown the potential of promoting ESCC migration and invasion by the activation of MEK/ERK pathway. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that CST1 is closely associated with OXPHOS. Based on a real-time ATP rate assay, mitochondrial complex I enzyme activity assay, immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, and addition of the OXPHOS inhibitor Rotenone and MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059, we determined that CST1 affects mitochondrial complex I enzyme activity by interacting with the GRIM19 protein to elevate OXPHOS levels, and a reciprocal regulatory relationship exists between OXPHOS and the MEK/ERK pathway in ESCC cells. Finally, an in vivo study demonstrated the potential of CST1 in ESCC metastasis through regulation of the OXPHOS and MEK/ERK pathways. This study is the first to reveal the oncogenic role of CST1 in ESCC development by enhancing mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I activity to activate the OXPHOS/MEK/ERK axis, and then promote ESCC metastasis, suggesting that CST1/OXPHOS is a promising target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangming Zhang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, 350008, Fujian, China
| | - Xiongfeng Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, 350008, Fujian, China
| | - Meihong Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, 350008, Fujian, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Clinical Laboratory Department of Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding, 355200, Fujian, China
| | - Wanzhen Zhuang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhixin Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No.134 East Street, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Central Laboratory, Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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2
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Shinde A, Chandak N, Singh J, Roy M, Mane M, Tang X, Vasiyani H, Currim F, Gohel D, Shukla S, Goyani S, Saranga MV, Brindley DN, Singh R. TNF-α induced NF-κB mediated LYRM7 expression modulates the tumor growth and metastatic ability in breast cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 211:158-170. [PMID: 38104742 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors including breast cancer is complex and contains a distinct cytokine pattern including TNF-α, which determines the progression and metastasis of breast tumors. The metastatic potential of triple negative breast cancer subtypes is high as compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. NF-κB is key transcription factor regulating inflammation and mitochondrial bioenergetics including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes which determine its oxidative capacity and generating reducing equivalents for synthesis of key metabolites for proliferating breast cancer cells. The differential metabolic adaptation and OXPHOS function of breast cancer subtypes in inflammatory conditions and its contribution to metastasis is not well understood. Here we demonstrated that different subunits of NF-κB are differentially expressed in subtypes of breast cancer patients. RELA, one of the major subunits in regulation of the NF-κB pathway is positively correlated with high level of TNF-α in breast cancer patients. TNF-α induced NF-κB regulates the expression of LYRM7, an assembly factor for mitochondrial complex III. Downregulation of LYRM7 in MDA-MB-231 cells decreases mitochondrial super complex assembly and enhances ROS levels, which increases the invasion and migration potential of these cells. Further, in vivo studies using Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against TNF-α showed decreased expression of LYRM7 in tumor tissue. Large scale breast cancer databases and human patient samples revealed that LYRM7 levels decreased in triple negative breast cancer patients compared to other subtypes and is determinant of survival outcome in patients. Our results indicate that TNF-α induced NF-κB is a critical regulator of LYRM7, a major factor for modulating mitochondrial functions under inflammatory conditions, which determines growth and survival of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Shinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Nisha Chandak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Milton Roy
- Institute for Cell Engineering, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, MRB 731, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Minal Mane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Xiaoyun Tang
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Hitesh Vasiyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA-23284, USA
| | - Fatema Currim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhruv Gohel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Shatakshi Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - Shanikumar Goyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - M V Saranga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
| | - David N Brindley
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University (BHU) (IoE), Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
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3
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Cui Y, Wang F, Fang B. Mitochondrial dysfunction and drug targets in multiple myeloma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8007-8016. [PMID: 36928159 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological cancer that has no cure. Although currently there are several novel drugs, most MM patients experience drug resistance and disease relapse. The results of previous studies suggest that aberrant mitochondrial function may contribute to tumor progression and drug resistance. Mitochondrial DNA mutations and metabolic reprogramming have been reported in MM patients. Several preclinical and clinical studies have shown encouraging results of mitochondria-targeting therapy in MM patients. In this review, we have summarized our current understanding of mitochondrial biology in MM. More importantly, we have reviewed mitochondrial targeting strategies in MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Cui
- Department of Hematology, Henan Institute of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 of Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Fujue Wang
- Department of Hematology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, China
| | - Baijun Fang
- Department of Hematology, Henan Institute of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 of Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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4
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Du Y, Wu T. Heart failure and cancer: From active exposure to passive adaption. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:992011. [PMID: 36304546 PMCID: PMC9592839 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.992011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body seems like a "balance integrator." On the one hand, the body constantly actively receives various outside stimuli and signals to induce changes. On the other hand, several internal regulations would be initiated to adapt to these changes. In most cases, the body could keep the balance in vitro and in vivo to reach a healthy body. However, in some cases, the body can only get to a pathological balance. Actively exposed to unhealthy lifestyles and passively adapting to individual primary diseases lead to a similarly inner environment for both heart failure and cancer. To cope with these stimuli, the body must activate the system regulation mechanism and face the mutual interference. This review summarized the association between heart failure and cancer from active exposure to passive adaption. Moreover, we hope to inspire researchers to contemplate these two diseases from the angle of overall body consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Du
- Ningbo Institute of Medical Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Huang M, Ye Y, Chen Y, Zhu J, Xu L, Cheng W, Lu X, Yan F. Identification and validation of an inflammation-related lncRNAs signature for improving outcomes of patients in colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:955240. [PMID: 36246600 PMCID: PMC9561096 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.955240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is the fourth most deadly cancer worldwide. Although current treatment regimens have prolonged the survival of patients, the prognosis is still unsatisfactory. Inflammation and lncRNAs are closely related to tumor occurrence and development in CRC. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a new prognostic signature based on inflammation-related lncRNAs to improve the prognosis of patients with CRC. Methods: LASSO-penalized Cox analysis was performed to construct a prognostic signature. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analysis and ROC curves were used to measure the performance of the signature. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to reveal the biological significance of the signature. The R package "maftool" and GISTIC2.0 algorithm were performed for analysis and visualization of genomic variations. The R package "pRRophetic", CMap analysis and submap analysis were performed to predict response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Results: An effective and independent prognostic signature, IRLncSig, was constructed based on sixteen inflammation-related lncRNAs. The IRLncSig was proved to be an independent prognostic indicator in CRC and was superior to clinical variables and the other four published signatures. The nomograms were constructed based on inflammation-related lncRNAs and detected by calibration curves. All samples were classified into two groups according to the median value, and we found frequent mutations of the TP53 gene in the high-risk group. We also found some significantly amplificated regions in the high-risk group, 8q24.3, 20q12, 8q22.3, and 20q13.2, which may regulate the inflammatory activity of cancer cells in CRC. Finally, we identified chemotherapeutic agents for high-risk patients and found that these patients were more likely to respond to immunotherapy, especially anti-CTLA4 therapy. Conclusion: In short, we constructed a new signature based on sixteen inflammation-related lncRNAs to improve the outcomes of patients in CRC. Our findings have proved that the IRLncSig can be used as an effective and independent marker for predicting the survival of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaofan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Miao Y, Su B, Tang X, Wang J, Quan W, Chen Y, Mi D. Construction and validation of m 6 A RNA methylation regulators associated prognostic model for gastrointestinal cancer. IET Syst Biol 2022; 16:59-71. [PMID: 35174637 PMCID: PMC8965361 DOI: 10.1049/syb2.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) RNA methylation is correlated with carcinogenesis and dynamically possessed through the m6 A RNA methylation regulators. This paper aimed to explore 13 m6 A RNA methylation regulators' role in gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) and determine the risk model and prognosis value of m6 A RNA methylation regulators in GIC. We used several bioinformatics methods to identify the differential expression of m6 A RNA methylation regulators in GIC, constructed a prognostic model, and carried out functional enrichment analysis. Eleven of 13 m6 A RNA methylation regulators were differentially expressed in different clinicopathological characteristics of GIC, and m6 A RNA methylation regulators were nearly associated with GIC. We constructed a risk model based on five m6 A RNA methylation regulators (METTL3, FTO, YTHDF1, ZC3H13, and WTAP); the risk score is an independent prognosis biomarker. Moreover, the five m6 A RNA methylation regulators can also forecast the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival through a nomogram. Furthermore, four hallmarks of oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, and cholesterol homoeostasis gene sets were significantly enriched in GIC. m6 A RNA methylation regulators were related to the malignant clinicopathological characteristics of GIC and may be used for prognostic stratification and development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Miao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Oncology, The 920th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wuxia Quan
- Qingyang People's Hospital, Qingyang, China
| | | | - Denghai Mi
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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7
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Copy number amplification of ENSA promotes the progression of triple-negative breast cancer via cholesterol biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:791. [PMID: 35145111 PMCID: PMC8831589 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number alterations (CNAs) are pivotal genetic events in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, our integrated copy number and transcriptome analysis of 302 TNBC patients reveals that gene alpha-endosulfine (ENSA) exhibits recurrent amplification at the 1q21.3 region and is highly expressed in TNBC. ENSA promotes tumor growth and indicates poor patient survival in TNBC. Mechanistically, we identify ENSA as an essential regulator of cholesterol biosynthesis in TNBC that upregulates the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2 (SREBP2), a pivotal transcription factor in cholesterol biosynthesis. We confirm that ENSA can increase the level of p-STAT3 (Tyr705) and activated STAT3 binds to the promoter of SREBP2 to promote its transcription. Furthermore, we reveal the efficacy of STAT3 inhibitor Stattic in TNBC with high ENSA expression. In conclusion, the amplification of ENSA at the 1q21.3 region promotes TNBC progression and indicates sensitivity to STAT3 inhibitors. Copy number alterations are pivotal genetic events in triple-negative breast cancer. Here the authors show the amplification of ENSA at the 1q21.3 region promotes the progression of TNBC via up-regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis.
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8
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Cai H, Men H, Cao P, Zheng Y. Mechanism and prevention strategy of a bidirectional relationship between heart failure and cancer (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1463. [PMID: 34737803 PMCID: PMC8561773 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between cancer and heart failure has been extensively studied in the last decade. These studies have focused on describing heart injury caused by certain cancer treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated a higher incidence of cancer in patients with heart failure. Heart failure enhances an over-activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and subsequently promotes cancer development. Other studies have found that heart failure and cancer both have a common pathological origin, flanked by chronic inflammation in certain organs. The present review aims to summarize and describe the recent discoveries, suggested mechanisms and relationships between heart failure and cancer. The current review provides more ideas on clinical prevention strategies according to the pathological mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Cai
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Men
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Pengyu Cao
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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9
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De Luise M, Iommarini L, Marchio L, Tedesco G, Coadă CA, Repaci A, Turchetti D, Tardio ML, Salfi N, Pagotto U, Kurelac I, Porcelli AM, Gasparre G. Pathogenic Mitochondrial DNA Mutation Load Inversely Correlates with Malignant Features in Familial Oncocytic Parathyroid Tumors Associated with Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor Syndrome. Cells 2021; 10:2920. [PMID: 34831144 PMCID: PMC8616364 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While somatic disruptive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations that severely affect the respiratory chain are counter-selected in most human neoplasms, they are the genetic hallmark of indolent oncocytomas, where they appear to contribute to reduce tumorigenic potential. A correlation between mtDNA mutation type and load, and the clinical outcome of a tumor, corroborated by functional studies, is currently lacking. Recurrent familial oncocytomas are extremely rare entities, and they offer the chance to investigate the determinants of oncocytic transformation and the role of both germline and somatic mtDNA mutations in cancer. We here report the first family with Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome showing the inherited predisposition of four individuals to develop parathyroid oncocytic tumors. MtDNA sequencing revealed a rare ribosomal RNA mutation in the germline of all HPT-JT affected individuals whose pathogenicity was functionally evaluated via cybridization technique, and which was counter-selected in the most aggressive infiltrating carcinoma, but positively selected in adenomas. In all tumors different somatic mutations accumulated on this genetic background, with an inverse clear-cut correlation between the load of pathogenic mtDNA mutations and the indolent behavior of neoplasms, highlighting the importance of the former both as modifiers of cancer fate and as prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Luise
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Marchio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Greta Tedesco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Camelia Alexandra Coadă
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Andrea Repaci
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Daniela Turchetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCSS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Tardio
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS S.Orsola University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Nunzio Salfi
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Children’s Research Hospital, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Industrial Research (CIRI) Life Science and Health Technologies, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
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10
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Interplay between Metabolism Reprogramming and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081973. [PMID: 33923958 PMCID: PMC8072988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor cells display important plasticity potential. Notably, tumor cells have the ability to change toward immature cells called cancer stem cells under the influence of the tumor environment. Importantly, cancer stem cells are a small subset of relatively quiescent cells that, unlike rapidly dividing differentiated tumor cells, escape standard chemotherapies, causing relapse or recurrence of cancer. Interestingly, these cells adopt a specific metabolism. Most often, they mainly rely on glucose uptake and metabolism to sustain their energy needs. This metabolic reprogramming is set off by environmental factors such as pro-inflammatory signals or catecholamine hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine). A better understanding of this process could provide opportunities to kill cancer stem cells. Indeed, it would become possible to develop drugs that act specifically on metabolic pathways used by these cells. These new drugs could be used to strengthen the effects of current chemotherapies and overcome cancers with poor prognoses. Abstract Tumor cells display important plasticity potential, which contributes to intratumoral heterogeneity. Notably, tumor cells have the ability to retrodifferentiate toward immature states under the influence of their microenvironment. Importantly, this phenotypical conversion is paralleled by a metabolic rewiring, and according to the metabostemness theory, metabolic reprogramming represents the first step of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and acquisition of stemness features. Most cancer stem cells (CSC) adopt a glycolytic phenotype even though cells retain functional mitochondria. Such adaptation is suggested to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting CSC from detrimental effects of ROS. CSC may also rely on glutaminolysis or fatty acid metabolism to sustain their energy needs. Besides pro-inflammatory cytokines that are well-known to initiate the retrodifferentiation process, the release of catecholamines in the microenvironment of the tumor can modulate both EMT and metabolic changes in cancer cells through the activation of EMT transcription factors (ZEB1, Snail, or Slug (SNAI2)). Importantly, the acquisition of stem cell properties favors the resistance to standard care chemotherapies. Hence, a better understanding of this process could pave the way for the development of therapies targeting CSC metabolism, providing new strategies to eradicate the whole tumor mass in cancers with unmet needs.
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Mabate B, Daub CD, Malgas S, Edkins AL, Pletschke BI. Fucoidan Structure and Its Impact on Glucose Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and Cancer Therapy. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19010030. [PMID: 33440853 PMCID: PMC7826564 DOI: 10.3390/md19010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidans are complex polysaccharides derived from brown seaweeds which consist of considerable proportions of L-fucose and other monosaccharides, and sulphated ester residues. The search for novel and natural bioproduct drugs (due to toxicity issues associated with chemotherapeutics) has led to the extensive study of fucoidan due to reports of it having several bioactive characteristics. Among other fucoidan bioactivities, antidiabetic and anticancer properties have received the most research attention in the past decade. However, the elucidation of the fucoidan structure and its biological activity is still vague. In addition, research has suggested that there is a link between diabetes and cancer; however, limited data exist where dual chemotherapeutic efforts are elucidated. This review provides an overview of glucose metabolism, which is the central process involved in the progression of both diseases. We also highlight potential therapeutic targets and show the relevance of fucoidan and its derivatives as a candidate for both cancer and diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Mabate
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Chantal Désirée Daub
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Samkelo Malgas
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Adrienne Lesley Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa;
| | - Brett Ivan Pletschke
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-46-603-8081; Fax: +27-46-603-7576
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12
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Bojková B, Kurhaluk N, Winklewski PJ. The interconnection of high-fat diets, oxidative stress, the heart, and carcinogenesis. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Bhatia S, Thompson EW, Gunter JH. Studying the Metabolism of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity Using the Seahorse XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2179:327-340. [PMID: 32939731 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0779-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The critical role of metabolism in facilitating cancer cell growth and survival has been demonstrated by a combination of methods including, but not limited to, genomic sequencing, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, measurements of radio-labelled substrate flux and the high throughput measurement of oxidative metabolism in unlabelled live cells using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux (XF) technology. These studies have revealed that tumour cells exhibit a dynamic metabolic plasticity, using numerous pathways including both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to support cell proliferation, energy production and the synthesis of biomass. These advanced technologies have also demonstrated metabolic differences between cancer cell types, between molecular subtypes within cancers and between cell states. This has been exemplified by examining the transitions of cancer cells between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, referred to as epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). A growing number of studies are demonstrating significant metabolic alterations associated with these transitions, such as increased use of glycolysis by triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) or glutamine addiction in lung cancer. Models of EMP, including invasive cell lines and xenografts, isolated circulating tumour cells and metastatic tissue have been used to examine EMP metabolism. Understanding the metabolism supporting molecular and cellular plasticity and increased metastatic capacity may reveal metabolic vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically exploited. This chapter describes protocols for using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer (XFe96), which simultaneously performs real-time monitoring of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in living cells. As an example, we compare the metabolic profiles generated from two breast cancer sublines that reflect epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, respectively. We use this example to show how the methodology described can generate bioenergetic results that in turn can be correlated to EMP phenotypes. Normalisation of bioenergetic studies should be considered with respect to cell number, and to potential differences in mitochondrial mass, itself being an important bioenergetics endpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Bhatia
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jennifer H Gunter
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Mitocans Revisited: Mitochondrial Targeting as Efficient Anti-Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217941. [PMID: 33114695 PMCID: PMC7663685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential cellular organelles, controlling multiple signalling pathways critical for cell survival and cell death. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial metabolism and functions are indispensable in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, rendering mitochondria and mitochondrial functions as plausible targets for anti-cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarised the major strategies of selective targeting of mitochondria and their functions to combat cancer, including targeting mitochondrial metabolism, the electron transport chain and tricarboxylic acid cycle, mitochondrial redox signalling pathways, and ROS homeostasis. We highlight that delivering anti-cancer drugs into mitochondria exhibits enormous potential for future cancer therapeutic strategies, with a great advantage of potentially overcoming drug resistance. Mitocans, exemplified by mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate and tamoxifen (MitoTam), selectively target cancer cell mitochondria and efficiently kill multiple types of cancer cells by disrupting mitochondrial function, with MitoTam currently undergoing a clinical trial.
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Bao F, Deng Y, Du M, Ren Z, Wan S, Liang KY, Liu S, Wang B, Xin J, Chen F, Christiani DC, Wang M, Dai Q. Explaining the Genetic Causality for Complex Phenotype via Deep Association Kernel Learning. PATTERNS 2020; 1:100057. [PMID: 33205126 PMCID: PMC7660384 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2020.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The genetic effect explains the causality from genetic mutations to the development of complex diseases. Existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches are always built under a linear assumption, restricting their generalization in dissecting complicated causality such as the recessive genetic effect. Therefore, a sophisticated and general GWAS model that can work with different types of genetic effects is highly desired. Here, we introduce a deep association kernel learning (DAK) model to enable automatic causal genotype encoding for GWAS at pathway level. DAK can detect both common and rare variants with complicated genetic effects where existing approaches fail. When applied to four real-world GWAS datasets including cancers and schizophrenia, our DAK discovered potential casual pathways, including the association between dilated cardiomyopathy pathway and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Bao
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yue Deng
- School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhiquan Ren
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen Wan
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kenny Ye Liang
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junyi Xin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liu H, Du Y, St-Pierre JP, Bergholt MS, Autefage H, Wang J, Cai M, Yang G, Stevens MM, Zhang S. Bioenergetic-active materials enhance tissue regeneration by modulating cellular metabolic state. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay7608. [PMID: 32232154 PMCID: PMC7096169 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay7608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellular bioenergetics (CBE) plays a critical role in tissue regeneration. Physiologically, an enhanced metabolic state facilitates anabolic biosynthesis and mitosis to accelerate regeneration. However, the development of approaches to reprogram CBE, toward the treatment of substantial tissue injuries, has been limited thus far. Here, we show that induced repair in a rabbit model of weight-bearing bone defects is greatly enhanced using a bioenergetic-active material (BAM) scaffold compared to commercialized poly(lactic acid) and calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds. This material was composed of energy-active units that can be released in a sustained degradation-mediated fashion once implanted. By establishing an intramitochondrial metabolic bypass, the internalized energy-active units significantly elevate mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) to supply increased bioenergetic levels and accelerate bone formation. The ready-to-use material developed here represents a highly efficient and easy-to-implement therapeutic approach toward tissue regeneration, with promise for bench-to-bedside translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yingying Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jean-Philippe St-Pierre
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mads S. Bergholt
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hélène Autefage
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianglin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingle Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Gaojie Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Corresponding author. (M.M.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Corresponding author. (M.M.S.); (S.Z.)
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Complex Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by TPP +-Gentisic Acid and Mitochondrial Translation Inhibition by Doxycycline Evokes Synergistic Lethality in Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020407. [PMID: 32053908 PMCID: PMC7072465 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for novel cancer treatments because of its essential role in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapy. Previously, we described a natural compound, 10-((2,5-dihydroxybenzoyl)oxy)decyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide (GA-TPP+C10), with a hydroquinone scaffold that selectively targets the mitochondria of breast cancer (BC) cells by binding to the triphenylphosphonium group as a chemical chaperone; however, the mechanism of action remains unclear. In this work, we showed that GA-TPP+C10 causes time-dependent complex inhibition of the mitochondrial bioenergetics of BC cells, characterized by (1) an initial phase of mitochondrial uptake with an uncoupling effect of oxidative phosphorylation, as previously reported, (2) inhibition of Complex I-dependent respiration, and (3) a late phase of mitochondrial accumulation with inhibition of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (αKGDHC) activity. These events led to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and cell death at 24 and 48 h of exposure, and the cells were rescued by the addition of the cell-penetrating metabolic intermediates l-aspartic acid β-methyl ester (mAsp) and dimethyl α-ketoglutarate (dm-KG). In addition, this unexpected blocking of mitochondrial function triggered metabolic remodeling toward glycolysis, AMPK activation, increased expression of proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (pgc1α) and electron transport chain (ETC) component-related genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA and downregulation of the uncoupling proteins ucp3 and ucp4, suggesting an AMPK-dependent prosurvival adaptive response in cancer cells. Consistent with this finding, we showed that inhibition of mitochondrial translation with doxycycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the 28 S subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome, in the presence of GA-TPP+C10 significantly reduces the mt-CO1 and VDAC protein levels and the FCCP-stimulated maximal electron flux and promotes selective and synergistic cytotoxic effects on BC cells at 24 h of treatment. Based on our results, we propose that this combined strategy based on blockage of the adaptive response induced by mitochondrial bioenergetic inhibition may have therapeutic relevance in BC.
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El Hassouni B, Granchi C, Vallés-Martí A, Supadmanaba IGP, Bononi G, Tuccinardi T, Funel N, Jimenez CR, Peters GJ, Giovannetti E, Minutolo F. The dichotomous role of the glycolytic metabolism pathway in cancer metastasis: Interplay with the complex tumor microenvironment and novel therapeutic strategies. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:238-248. [PMID: 31445217 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lemos D, Oliveira T, Martins L, de Azevedo VR, Rodrigues MF, Ketzer LA, Rumjanek FD. Isothermal Microcalorimetry of Tumor Cells: Enhanced Thermogenesis by Metastatic Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1430. [PMID: 31921682 PMCID: PMC6930183 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells exhibit rewired metabolism. We carried out comparative analyses attempting to investigate whether metabolic reprograming could be measured by isothermal microcalorimetry. Intact metastatic cell lines of tongue cell carcinoma, human and murine melanoma, lung, and breast tumors consistently released more heat than non-metastatic cells or cells displaying lower metastatic potential. In tongue squamous carcinoma cells mitochondrial enriched extract reproduced the heat release pattern of intact cells. Cytochalasin D, an actin filament inhibitor, and suppression of metastasis marker Melanoma associated gene 10 (MAGEA10) decreased heat release. Uncoupling protein 2 was highly expressed in metastatic cells, but not in non-metastatic cells. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 inhibitor, Etomoxir strongly inhibited heat release by metastatic cells, thus linking lipid metabolism to thermogenesis. We propose that heat release may be a quantifiable trait of the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Lemos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Do Câncer, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaís Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Do Câncer, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Larissa Martins
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Do Câncer, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vitória Ramos de Azevedo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Do Câncer, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Figueiredo Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Do Câncer, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luisa Andrea Ketzer
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa UFRJ-Xerém em Biologia (NUMPEX-Bio), Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Franklin David Rumjanek
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Do Câncer, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abdel-Wahab AF, Mahmoud W, Al-Harizy RM. Targeting glucose metabolism to suppress cancer progression: prospective of anti-glycolytic cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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de Boer RA, Meijers WC, van der Meer P, van Veldhuisen DJ. Cancer and heart disease: associations and relations. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:1515-1525. [PMID: 31321851 PMCID: PMC6988442 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports that cancer incidence is increased in patients with cardiovascular (CV) disease and heart failure (HF), and patients with HF frequently die from cancer. Recently, data have been generated showing that circulating factors in relation to HF promote tumour growth and development in murine models, providing proof that a causal relationship exists between both diseases. Several common pathophysiological mechanisms linking HF to cancer exist, and include inflammation, neuro‐hormonal activation, oxidative stress and a dysfunctional immune system. These shared mechanisms, in combination with risk factors, in concert may explain why patients with HF are prone to develop cancer. Investigating the new insights linking HF with cancer is rapidly becoming an exciting new field of research, and we herein review the most recent data. Besides insights in mechanisms, we call for clinical awareness, that is essential to optimize treatment strategies of patients having developed cancer with a history of HF. Finally, ongoing and future trials should strive for comprehensive phenotyping of both CV and cancer end points, to allow optimal usefulness of data, and to better describe and understand common characteristics of these two lethal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A de Boer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter C Meijers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Finnerty E, Ramasawmy R, O’Callaghan J, Connell JJ, Lythgoe M, Shmueli K, Thomas DL, Walker‐Samuel S. Noninvasive quantification of oxygen saturation in the portal and hepatic veins in healthy mice and those with colorectal liver metastases using QSM MRI. Magn Reson Med 2019; 81:2666-2675. [PMID: 30450573 PMCID: PMC6588010 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This preclinical study investigated the use of QSM MRI to noninvasively measure venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) in the hepatic and portal veins. METHODS QSM data were acquired from a cohort of healthy mice (n = 10) on a 9.4 Tesla MRI scanner under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. Susceptibility was measured in the portal and hepatic veins and used to calculate SvO2 in each vessel under each condition. Blood was extracted from the inferior vena cava of 3 of the mice under each condition, and SvO2 was measured with a blood gas analyzer for comparison. QSM data were also acquired from a cohort of mice bearing liver tumors under normoxic conditions. Susceptibility was measured, and SvO2 calculated in the portal and hepatic veins and compared to the healthy mice. Statistical significance was assessed using a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test (normoxic vs. hyperoxic) or a Mann-Whitney test (healthy vs. tumor bearing). RESULTS SvO2 calculated from QSM measurements in healthy mice under hyperoxia showed significant increases of 15% in the portal vein (P < 0.05) and 21% in the hepatic vein (P < 0.01) versus normoxia. These values agreed with inferior vena cava measurements from the blood gas analyzer (26% increase). SvO2 in the hepatic vein was significantly lower in the colorectal liver metastases cohort (30% ± 11%) than the healthy mice (53% ± 17%) (P < 0.05); differences in the portal vein were not significant. CONCLUSION QSM is a feasible tool for noninvasively measuring SvO2 in the liver and can detect differences due to increased oxygen consumption in livers bearing colorectal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin Finnerty
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rajiv Ramasawmy
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - James O’Callaghan
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - John J. Connell
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mark Lythgoe
- Department of MedicineUCL Institute of Child Health, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Karin Shmueli
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - David L. Thomas
- Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Oncogenic Metabolism Acts as a Prerequisite Step for Induction of Cancer Metastasis and Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1027453. [PMID: 30671168 PMCID: PMC6323533 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1027453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a major obstacle to the efficient and successful treatment of cancer. Initiation of metastasis requires epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that is regulated by several transcription factors, including Snail and ZEB1/2. EMT is closely linked to the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and chemoresistance, which contribute to tumor malignancy. Tumor suppressor p53 inhibits EMT and metastasis by negatively regulating several EMT-inducing transcription factors and regulatory molecules; thus, its inhibition is crucial in EMT, invasion, metastasis, and stemness. Metabolic alterations are another hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells are more dependent on glycolysis than on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for their energy production, even in the presence of oxygen. Cancer cells enhance other oncogenic metabolic pathways, such as glutamine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is regulated by the activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors that contribute to tumor progression. Oncogenic metabolism has been recently linked closely with the induction of EMT or CSC phenotypes by the induction of several metabolic enzyme genes. In addition, several transcription factors and molecules involved in EMT or CSCs, including Snail, Dlx-2, HIF-1α, STAT3, TGF-β, Wnt, and Akt, regulate oncogenic metabolism. Moreover, p53 induces metabolic change by directly regulating several metabolic enzymes. The collective data indicate the importance of oncogenic metabolism in the regulation of EMT, cell invasion and metastasis, and adoption of the CSC phenotype, which all contribute to malignant transformation and tumor development. In this review, we highlight the oncogenic metabolism as a key regulator of EMT and CSC, which is related with tumor progression involving metastasis and chemoresistance. Targeting oncometabolism might be a promising strategy for the development of effective anticancer therapy.
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24
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Zhou M, Hu L, Zhang Z, Wu N, Sun J, Su J. Recurrence-Associated Long Non-coding RNA Signature for Determining the Risk of Recurrence in Patients with Colon Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:518-529. [PMID: 30195788 PMCID: PMC6076224 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Patients with colon cancer are often faced a high risk of disease recurrence within 5 years of treatment that is the major cause of cancer mortality. Reliable molecular markers were required to improve the most effective personalized therapy. Here, we identified a recurrence-associated six-lncRNA (long non-coding RNA) signature (LINC0184, AC105243.1, LOC101928168, ILF3-AS1, MIR31HG, and AC006329.1) that can effectively distinguish between high and low risk of cancer recurrence from 389 patients of a discovery dataset, and validated its robust performance in four independent datasets comprising a total of 906 colon cancer patients. We found that the six-lncRNA signature was an independent predictive factor of disease recurrence in multivariate analysis and was superior to the performance of clinical factors and known gene signature. Furthermore, in silico functional analysis showed that the six-lncRNA-signature-associated coding genes are significantly enriched in proliferation and angiogenesis, cell death, as well as critical cancer pathways that could play important roles in colon cancer recurrence. Together, the six-lncRNA signature holds great potential for recurrence risk assessment and personalized management of colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Long Hu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zicheng Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Jianzhong Su
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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25
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Alternative assembly of respiratory complex II connects energy stress to metabolic checkpoints. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2221. [PMID: 29880867 PMCID: PMC5992162 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell growth and survival depend on a delicate balance between energy production and synthesis of metabolites. Here, we provide evidence that an alternative mitochondrial complex II (CII) assembly, designated as CIIlow, serves as a checkpoint for metabolite biosynthesis under bioenergetic stress, with cells suppressing their energy utilization by modulating DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. Depletion of CIIlow leads to an imbalance in energy utilization and metabolite synthesis, as evidenced by recovery of the de novo pyrimidine pathway and unlocking cell cycle arrest from the S-phase. In vitro experiments are further corroborated by analysis of paraganglioma tissues from patients with sporadic, SDHA and SDHB mutations. These findings suggest that CIIlow is a core complex inside mitochondria that provides homeostatic control of cellular metabolism depending on the availability of energy. Mitochondrial complex II is normally composed of four subunits. Here the authors show that bioenergetic stress conditions give rise to a partially assembled variant of complex II, which shifts the anabolic pathways to less energy demanding processes.
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26
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Rodrigues-Antunes S, Borges BN. Alterations in mtDNA, gastric carcinogenesis and early diagnosis. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2018; 30:226-233. [DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2018.1475478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Rodrigues-Antunes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular “Francisco Mauro Salzano”, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - B. N. Borges
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular “Francisco Mauro Salzano”, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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27
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Ye F, Jia D, Lu M, Levine H, Deem MW. Modularity of the metabolic gene network as a prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15015-15026. [PMID: 29599922 PMCID: PMC5871093 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism is an emerging hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells utilize both aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy production and biomass synthesis. Understanding the metabolic reprogramming in cancer can help design therapies to target metabolism and thereby to improve prognosis. We have previously argued that more malignant tumors are usually characterized by a more modular expression pattern of cancer-associated genes. In this work, we analyzed the expression patterns of metabolism genes in terms of modularity for 371 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We found that higher modularity significantly correlated with glycolytic phenotype, later tumor stages, higher metastatic potential, and cancer recurrence, all of which contributed to poorer prognosis. Among patients with recurred tumors, we found the correlation of higher modularity with worse prognosis during early to mid-progression. Furthermore, we developed metrics to calculate individual modularity, which was shown to be predictive of cancer recurrence and patients' survival and therefore may serve as a prognostic biomarker. Our overall conclusion is that more aggressive HCC tumors, as judged by decreased host survival probability, had more modular expression patterns of metabolic genes. These results may be used to identify cancer driver genes and for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengdan Ye
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Program in Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Mingyang Lu
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Herbert Levine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Michael W. Deem
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Program in Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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28
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Chen H, Lee LS, Li G, Tsao SW, Chiu JF. Upregulation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in benzo[α]pyrene and arsenic-induced rat lung epithelial transformed cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:40674-40689. [PMID: 27276679 PMCID: PMC5130035 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic and benzo[β]pyrene (B[a]P) are common contaminants in developing countries. Many studies have investigated the consequences of arsenic and/or B[a]P-induced cellular transformation, including altered metabolism. In the present study, we show that, in addition to elevated glycolysis, B[a]P/arsenic-induced transformation also stimulates oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Proteomic data and immunoblot studies demonstrated that enzymatic activities, involved in both glycolysis and OXPHOS, are upregulated in the primary transformed rat lung epithelial cell (TLEC) culture, as well as in subcloned TLEC cell lines (TMCs), indicating that OXPHOS was active and still contributed to energy production. LEC expression, of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) and the TCA cycle enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), revealed an alternating cyclic pattern of glycolysis and OXPHOS during cell transformation. We also found that the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1β were consistent with the pattern of glycolysis during the course of transformation. Low doses of an ATP synthase inhibitor depleted endogenous ATP levels to a greater extent in TLECs, compared to parental LECs, indicating greater sensitivity of B[a]P/arsenic-transformed cells to ATP depletion. However, TLEC cells exhibited better survival under hypoxia, possibly due to further induction of anaerobic glycolysis. Collectively, our data indicate that B[a]P/arsenic-transformed cells can maintain energy production through upregulation of both glycolysis and OXPHOS. Selective inhibition of metabolic pathways may serve as a therapeutic option for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry/Open Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Shantou University College of Medicine, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lai-Sheung Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanwu Li
- Department of Biochemistry/Open Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Shantou University College of Medicine, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sai-Wah Tsao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jen-Fu Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry/Open Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Shantou University College of Medicine, Shantou, Guangdong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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29
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Loureiro R, Mesquita KA, Magalhães-Novais S, Oliveira PJ, Vega-Naredo I. Mitochondrial biology in cancer stem cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 47:18-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Gov E, Kori M, Arga KY. Multiomics Analysis of Tumor Microenvironment Reveals Gata2 and miRNA-124-3p as Potential Novel Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2017; 21:603-615. [PMID: 28937943 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a common and, yet, one of the most deadly human cancers due to its insidious onset and the current lack of robust early diagnostic tests. Tumors are complex tissues comprised of not only malignant cells but also genetically stable stromal cells. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind epithelial-stromal crosstalk in ovarian cancer is a great challenge in particular. In the present study, we performed comparative analyses of transcriptome data from laser microdissected epithelial, stromal, and ovarian tumor tissues, and identified common and tissue-specific reporter biomolecules-genes, receptors, membrane proteins, transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and metabolites-by integration of transcriptome data with genome-scale biomolecular networks. Tissue-specific response maps included common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and reporter biomolecules were reconstructed and topological analyses were performed. We found that CDK2, EP300, and SRC as receptor-related functions or membrane proteins; Ets1, Ar, Gata2, and Foxp3 as TFs; and miR-16-5p and miR-124-3p as putative biomarkers and warrant further validation research. In addition, we report in this study that Gata2 and miR-124-3p are potential novel reporter biomolecules for ovarian cancer. The study of tissue-specific reporter biomolecules in epithelial cells, stroma, and tumor tissues as exemplified in the present study offers promise in biomarker discovery and diagnostics innovation for common complex human diseases such as ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Gov
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University , Istanbul, Turkey
- 2 Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Adana Science and Technology University , Adana, Turkey
| | - Medi Kori
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University , Istanbul, Turkey
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31
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Jia D, Jolly MK, Kulkarni P, Levine H. Phenotypic Plasticity and Cell Fate Decisions in Cancer: Insights from Dynamical Systems Theory. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:E70. [PMID: 28640191 PMCID: PMC5532606 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9070070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Waddington's epigenetic landscape, a famous metaphor in developmental biology, depicts how a stem cell progresses from an undifferentiated phenotype to a differentiated one. The concept of "landscape" in the context of dynamical systems theory represents a high-dimensional space, in which each cell phenotype is considered as an "attractor" that is determined by interactions between multiple molecular players, and is buffered against environmental fluctuations. In addition, biological noise is thought to play an important role during these cell-fate decisions and in fact controls transitions between different phenotypes. Here, we discuss the phenotypic transitions in cancer from a dynamical systems perspective and invoke the concept of "cancer attractors"-hidden stable states of the underlying regulatory network that are not occupied by normal cells. Phenotypic transitions in cancer occur at varying levels depending on the context. Using epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem-like properties, metabolic reprogramming and the emergence of therapy resistance as examples, we illustrate how phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells enables them to acquire hybrid phenotypes (such as hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal and hybrid metabolic phenotypes) that tend to be more aggressive and notoriously resilient to therapies such as chemotherapy and androgen-deprivation therapy. Furthermore, we highlight multiple factors that may give rise to phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells, such as (a) multi-stability or oscillatory behaviors governed by underlying regulatory networks involved in cell-fate decisions in cancer cells, and (b) network rewiring due to conformational dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) that are highly enriched in cancer cells. We conclude by discussing why a therapeutic approach that promotes "recanalization", i.e., the exit from "cancer attractors" and re-entry into "normal attractors", is more likely to succeed rather than a conventional approach that targets individual molecules/pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Graduate Program in Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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32
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Yu L, Lu M, Jia D, Ma J, Ben-Jacob E, Levine H, Kaipparettu BA, Onuchic JN. Modeling the Genetic Regulation of Cancer Metabolism: Interplay between Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1564-1574. [PMID: 28202516 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, yet its regulation remains poorly understood. Cancer cells were considered to utilize primarily glycolysis for ATP production, referred to as the Warburg effect. However, recent evidence suggests that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) plays a crucial role during cancer progression. Here we utilized a systems biology approach to decipher the regulatory principle of glycolysis and OXPHOS. Integrating information from literature, we constructed a regulatory network of genes and metabolites, from which we extracted a core circuit containing HIF-1, AMPK, and ROS. Our circuit analysis showed that while normal cells have an oxidative state and a glycolytic state, cancer cells can access a hybrid state with both metabolic modes coexisting. This was due to higher ROS production and/or oncogene activation, such as RAS, MYC, and c-SRC. Guided by the model, we developed two signatures consisting of AMPK and HIF-1 downstream genes, respectively, to quantify the activity of glycolysis and OXPHOS. By applying the AMPK and HIF-1 signatures to The Cancer Genome Atlas patient transcriptomics data of multiple cancer types and single-cell RNA-seq data of lung adenocarcinoma, we confirmed an anticorrelation between AMPK and HIF-1 activities and the association of metabolic states with oncogenes. We propose that the hybrid phenotype contributes to metabolic plasticity, allowing cancer cells to adapt to various microenvironments. Using model simulations, our theoretical framework of metabolism can serve as a platform to decode cancer metabolic plasticity and design cancer therapies targeting metabolism. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1564-74. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Yu
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Mingyang Lu
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas. .,The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine
| | - Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianpeng Ma
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Eshel Ben-Jacob
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Benny Abraham Kaipparettu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - José N Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas
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33
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Dong LF, Kovarova J, Bajzikova M, Bezawork-Geleta A, Svec D, Endaya B, Sachaphibulkij K, Coelho AR, Sebkova N, Ruzickova A, Tan AS, Kluckova K, Judasova K, Zamecnikova K, Rychtarcikova Z, Gopalan V, Andera L, Sobol M, Yan B, Pattnaik B, Bhatraju N, Truksa J, Stopka P, Hozak P, Lam AK, Sedlacek R, Oliveira PJ, Kubista M, Agrawal A, Dvorakova-Hortova K, Rohlena J, Berridge MV, Neuzil J. Horizontal transfer of whole mitochondria restores tumorigenic potential in mitochondrial DNA-deficient cancer cells. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28195532 PMCID: PMC5367896 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that generation of tumours in syngeneic mice by cells devoid of mitochondrial (mt) DNA (ρ0 cells) is linked to the acquisition of the host mtDNA. However, the mechanism of mtDNA movement between cells remains unresolved. To determine whether the transfer of mtDNA involves whole mitochondria, we injected B16ρ0 mouse melanoma cells into syngeneic C57BL/6Nsu9-DsRed2 mice that express red fluorescent protein in their mitochondria. We document that mtDNA is acquired by transfer of whole mitochondria from the host animal, leading to normalisation of mitochondrial respiration. Additionally, knockdown of key mitochondrial complex I (NDUFV1) and complex II (SDHC) subunits by shRNA in B16ρ0 cells abolished or significantly retarded their ability to form tumours. Collectively, these results show that intact mitochondria with their mtDNA payload are transferred in the developing tumour, and provide functional evidence for an essential role of oxidative phosphorylation in cancer. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22187.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Feng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - David Svec
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Ana R Coelho
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Natasa Sebkova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Ruzickova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - An S Tan
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Katarina Kluckova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Judasova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Zamecnikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Zittau/Goerlitz University of Applied Sciences, Zittau, Germany
| | - Zuzana Rychtarcikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Ladislav Andera
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Margarita Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Bijay Pattnaik
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen Bhatraju
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alfred K Lam
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Mikael Kubista
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,TATAA Biocenter, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anurag Agrawal
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.,Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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34
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Mullen PJ, Yu R, Longo J, Archer MC, Penn LZ. The interplay between cell signalling and the mevalonate pathway in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2016; 16:718-731. [PMID: 27562463 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mevalonate (MVA) pathway is an essential metabolic pathway that uses acetyl-CoA to produce sterols and isoprenoids that are integral to tumour growth and progression. In recent years, many oncogenic signalling pathways have been shown to increase the activity and/or the expression of MVA pathway enzymes. This Review summarizes recent advances and discusses unique opportunities for immediately targeting this metabolic vulnerability in cancer with agents that have been approved for other therapeutic uses, such as the statin family of drugs, to improve outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Mullen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
| | - Rosemary Yu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
| | - Joseph Longo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
| | - Michael C Archer
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2
| | - Linda Z Penn
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
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35
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Destabilization of mitochondrial functions as a target against breast cancer progression: Role of TPP(+)-linked-polyhydroxybenzoates. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 309:2-14. [PMID: 27554043 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrion is an accepted molecular target in cancer treatment since it exhibits a higher transmembrane potential in cancer cells, making it susceptible to be targeted by lipophilic-delocalized cations of triphenylphosphonium (TPP(+)). Thus, we evaluated five TPP(+)-linked decyl polyhydroxybenzoates as potential cytotoxic agents in several human breast cancer cell lines that differ in estrogen receptor and HER2/neu expression, and in metabolic profile. Results showed that all cell lines tested were sensitive to the cytotoxic action of these compounds. The mechanism underlying the cytotoxicity would be triggered by their weak uncoupling effect on the oxidative phosphorylation system, while having a wider and safer therapeutic range than other uncouplers and a significant lowering in transmembrane potential. Noteworthy, while the TPP(+)-derivatives alone led to almost negligible losses of ATP, when these were added in the presence of an AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor, the levels of ATP fell greatly. Overall, data presented suggest that decyl polyhydroxybenzoates-TPP(+) and its derivatives warrant future investigation as potential anti-tumor agents.
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The oncolytic peptide LTX-315 kills cancer cells through Bax/Bak-regulated mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26599-614. [PMID: 26378049 PMCID: PMC4694939 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
LTX-315 has been developed as an amphipathic cationic peptide that kills cancer cells. Here, we investigated the putative involvement of mitochondria in the cytotoxic action of LTX-315. Subcellular fractionation of LTX-315-treated cells, followed by mass spectrometric quantification, revealed that the agent was enriched in mitochondria. LTX-315 caused an immediate arrest of mitochondrial respiration without any major uncoupling effect. Accordingly, LTX-315 disrupted the mitochondrial network, dissipated the mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential, and caused the release of mitochondrial intermembrane proteins into the cytosol. LTX-315 was relatively inefficient in stimulating mitophagy. Cells lacking the two pro-apoptotic multidomain proteins from the BCL-2 family, BAX and BAK, were less susceptible to LTX-315-mediated killing. Moreover, cells engineered to lose their mitochondria (by transfection with Parkin combined with treatment with a protonophore causing mitophagy) were relatively resistant against LTX-315, underscoring the importance of this organelle for LTX-315-mediated cytotoxicity. Altogether, these results support the notion that LTX-315 kills cancer cells by virtue of its capacity to permeabilize mitochondrial membranes.
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Negative prognostic impact of regulatory T cell infiltration in surgically resected esophageal cancer post-radiochemotherapy. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20840-50. [PMID: 26369701 PMCID: PMC4673233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever accumulating evidence indicates that the long-term effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy largely depend on the induction (or restoration) of an anticancer immune response. Here, we investigated this paradigm in the context of esophageal carcinomas treated by neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy, in a cohort encompassing 196 patients. We found that the density of the FOXP3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltrate present in the residual tumor (or its scar) correlated with the pathological response (the less Tregs the more pronounced was the histological response) and predicted cancer-specific survival. In contrast, there was no significant clinical impact of the frequency of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. At difference with breast or colorectal cancer, a loss-of-function allele of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) improved cancer-specific survival of patients with esophageal cancer. While a loss-of-function allele of purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7 (P2RX7) failed to affect cancer-specific survival, its presence did correlate with an increase in Treg infiltration. Altogether, these results corroborate the notion that the immunosurveillance seals the fate of patients with esophageal carcinomas treated with conventional radiochemotherapy.
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Park JH, Vithayathil S, Kumar S, Sung PL, Dobrolecki LE, Putluri V, Bhat VB, Bhowmik SK, Gupta V, Arora K, Wu D, Tsouko E, Zhang Y, Maity S, Donti TR, Graham BH, Frigo DE, Coarfa C, Yotnda P, Putluri N, Sreekumar A, Lewis MT, Creighton CJ, Wong LJC, Kaipparettu BA. Fatty Acid Oxidation-Driven Src Links Mitochondrial Energy Reprogramming and Oncogenic Properties in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2016; 14:2154-2165. [PMID: 26923594 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmitochondrial cybrids and multiple OMICs approaches were used to understand mitochondrial reprogramming and mitochondria-regulated cancer pathways in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Analysis of cybrids and established breast cancer (BC) cell lines showed that metastatic TNBC maintains high levels of ATP through fatty acid β oxidation (FAO) and activates Src oncoprotein through autophosphorylation at Y419. Manipulation of FAO including the knocking down of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A (CPT1) and 2 (CPT2), the rate-limiting proteins of FAO, and analysis of patient-derived xenograft models confirmed the role of mitochondrial FAO in Src activation and metastasis. Analysis of TCGA and other independent BC clinical data further reaffirmed the role of mitochondrial FAO and CPT genes in Src regulation and their significance in BC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hyoung Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sajna Vithayathil
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pi-Lin Sung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | | | - Vasanta Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Salil Kumar Bhowmik
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vineet Gupta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kavisha Arora
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Danli Wu
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Efrosini Tsouko
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suman Maity
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Taraka R Donti
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brett H Graham
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Genomic Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Patricia Yotnda
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lee-Jun C Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Benny Abraham Kaipparettu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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He D, Fu CJ, Baldauf SL. Multiple Origins of Eukaryotic cox15 Suggest Horizontal Gene Transfer from Bacteria to Jakobid Mitochondrial DNA. Mol Biol Evol 2015; 33:122-33. [PMID: 26412445 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msv201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most gene-rich and bacterial-like mitochondrial genomes known are those of Jakobida (Excavata). Of these, the most extreme example to date is the Andalucia godoyi mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), including a cox15 gene encoding the respiratory enzyme heme A synthase (HAS), which is nuclear-encoded in nearly all other mitochondriate eukaryotes. Thus cox15 in eukaryotes appears to be a classic example of mitochondrion-to-nucleus (endosymbiotic) gene transfer, with A. godoyi uniquely retaining the ancestral state. However, our analyses reveal two highly distinct HAS types (encoded by cox15-1 and cox15-2 genes) and identify A. godoyi mitochondrial cox15-encoded HAS as type-1 and all other eukaryotic cox15-encoded HAS as type-2. Molecular phylogeny places the two HAS types in widely separated clades with eukaryotic type-2 HAS clustering with the bulk of α-proteobacteria (>670 sequences), whereas A. godoyi type-1 HAS clusters with an eclectic set of bacteria and archaea including two α-proteobacteria missing from the type-2 clade. This wide phylogenetic separation of the two HAS types is reinforced by unique features of their predicted protein structures. Meanwhile, RNA-sequencing and genomic analyses fail to detect either cox15 type in the nuclear genome of any jakobid including A. godoyi. This suggests that not only is cox15-1 a relatively recent acquisition unique to the Andalucia lineage but also the jakobid last common ancestor probably lacked both cox15 types. These results indicate that uptake of foreign genes by mtDNA is more taxonomically widespread than previously thought. They also caution against the assumption that all α-proteobacterial-like features of eukaryotes are ancient remnants of endosymbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding He
- Program in Systematic Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cheng-Jie Fu
- Program in Systematic Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandra L Baldauf
- Program in Systematic Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Kordes S, Pollak MN, Zwinderman AH, Mathôt RA, Weterman MJ, Beeker A, Punt CJ, Richel DJ, Wilmink JW. Metformin in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:839-47. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Jia D, Park JH, Jung KH, Levine H, Kaipparettu BA. [Experience in the management of children with diabetes mellitus]. Cells 1966. [PMID: 29534029 PMCID: PMC5870353 DOI: 10.3390/cells7030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis, also referred to as the Warburg effect, has been regarded as the dominant metabolic phenotype in cancer cells for a long time. More recently, it has been shown that mitochondria in most tumors are not defective in their ability to carry out oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Instead, in highly aggressive cancer cells, mitochondrial energy pathways are reprogrammed to meet the challenges of high energy demand, better utilization of available fuels and macromolecular synthesis for rapid cell division and migration. Mitochondrial energy reprogramming is also involved in the regulation of oncogenic pathways via mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde signaling and post-translational modification of oncoproteins. In addition, neoplastic mitochondria can engage in crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment. For example, signals from cancer-associated fibroblasts can drive tumor mitochondria to utilize OXPHOS, a process known as the reverse Warburg effect. Emerging evidence shows that cancer cells can acquire a hybrid glycolysis/OXPHOS phenotype in which both glycolysis and OXPHOS can be utilized for energy production and biomass synthesis. The hybrid glycolysis/OXPHOS phenotype facilitates metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and may be specifically associated with metastasis and therapy-resistance. Moreover, cancer cells can switch their metabolism phenotypes in response to external stimuli for better survival. Taking into account the metabolic heterogeneity and plasticity of cancer cells, therapies targeting cancer metabolic dependency in principle can be made more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Jun Hyoung Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Kwang Hwa Jung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
- Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Benny Abraham Kaipparettu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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