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Miyazaki H, Hino K, Ito T, Abe T, Nomoto M, Furuno T, Takeuchi I, Hishimoto A. Relationship of emergency department visits for suicide attempts with meteorological and air pollution conditions. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:154-160. [PMID: 37080497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors such as meteorological and air pollution conditions have been identified as risk factors for suicide. This study aimed to clarify the relationship of the number of visits to the emergency department for suicide attempts with meteorological and air pollution conditions. METHODS This cross-sectional study included patients who attempted suicide and were transported to Yokohama City University Medical Center from April 2005 to March 2022. The meteorological conditions recorded at the time of transport included mean atmospheric pressure, mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean humidity, wind speed, and sunshine hours, and the air pollution conditions included SO2 (ppm), NO (ppm), NO2 (ppm), NOX (ppm), OX (ppm), CH4 (ppmC), NMHC (ppmC), THC (ppmC), SPM (μg/m3), and PM2.5 (μg/m3). Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the association between the number of suicide attempts and the meteorological and air pollution conditions. Subgroup analyses were conducted by classifying the subjects according to the means of suicide attempt; comparisons were performed using t-tests. RESULTS The study included 1737 patients. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses revealed a significant positive relationship between the number of suicide attempts and SO2 levels and a significant negative relationship between the number of suicide attempts and NO levels. When subjects were divided by means of suicide attempt, different relationships with meteorological and air pollution conditions were observed. CONCLUSION Meteorological and air pollution conditions are environmental factors that can enable a more detailed understanding of suicide behavior according to the means of suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehito Miyazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; Psychiatric Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan; Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan; Numazu-chuo Hospital, 24-1 Nakase-cho, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-8575, Japan.
| | - Kousuke Hino
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan; Numazu-chuo Hospital, 24-1 Nakase-cho, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-8575, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Ito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; Psychiatric Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Takeru Abe
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Munetaka Nomoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; Psychiatric Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Taku Furuno
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan; Psychiatric Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho, Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
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Villeneuve PJ, Huynh D, Lavigne É, Colman I, Anisman H, Peters C, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA. Daily changes in ambient air pollution concentrations and temperature and suicide mortality in Canada: Findings from a national time-stratified case-crossover study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115477. [PMID: 36781013 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, approximately 1900 people die by suicide daily. Daily elevations in air pollution and temperature have previously been linked to a higher risk of death from suicide. To date, there have been relatively few studies of air pollution and suicide, particularly at a national level. National analyses play an important role in shaping health policy to mitigate against adverse health outcomes. METHODS We used a time-stratified case-crossover study design to investigate the influence of short-term (i.e., day to day) interquartile range (IQR) increases in air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide [NO2], ozone [O3], and fine particulate matter [PM2.5]) and temperature on suicide mortality in Canada between 2002 and 2015. For air pollution models, odds ratios (ORs) derived from conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for average daily temperature, and holidays. For temperature models, ORs were adjusted for holidays. Stratified analyses were undertaken by suicide type (non-violent and violent), sex, age, and season. RESULTS Analyses are based on 50,800 suicide deaths. Overall, temperature effects were stronger than those for air pollution. A same day IQR increase in temperature (9.6 °C) was associated with a 10.1% increase (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.0%-11.2%) of death from suicide. For 3-day average increase of O3 (IQR = 14.1 ppb), PM2.5 (IQR = 5.6 μg/m3) and NO2 (IQR = 9.7 ppb) the corresponding risks were 4.7% (95% CI: 3.9, 5.6), 3.4% (95% CI: 3.0, 3.8), and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.1, 2.8), respectively. All pollutants showed stronger associations with suicide during the warmer season (April-September). Stratified analyses revealed stronger associations for both temperature and air pollution in women. CONCLUSIONS Daily increases in air pollution and temperature were found to increase the risk of death from suicide. Females, particularly during warmer season, were most vulnerable to these exposures. Policy decisions related to air pollution and climate change should consider effects on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David Huynh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Peters
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada; BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
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Huang H, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhai W. Analysis of the impact of urban summer high temperatures and outdoor activity duration on residents' emotional health: Taking hostility as an example. Front Public Health 2022; 10:955077. [PMID: 35958864 PMCID: PMC9358219 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.955077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined effect of global warming and the heat island effect keeps the temperature of cities rising in the summer, seriously threatening the physical and mental health of urban residents. Taking the area within the Sixth Ring Road of Beijing as an example, based on Landsat remote sensing images, meteorological stations, and questionnaires, this study established a relational model between temperature and hostility and then analyzed the changes in the emotional health risk (hostility) in the study area and the mechanism of how outdoor activity duration influences hostility. Results show that: (1) the area within the Sixth Ring Road of Beijing had a higher and higher temperature from 1991 to 2020. Low-temperature areas gradually shrank, and medium- and high-temperature areas extended outwards from the center. (2) The threat of high temperature to residents' hostility gradually intensified—the sphere of influence expanded, low-risk areas quickly turned into medium-high-risk areas, and the level of hostility risk increased. Level 1 risk areas of hostility had the most obvious reduction—a 74.33% reduction in area proportion; meanwhile, Level 3 risk areas had the most significant growth—a 50.41% increase in area proportion. (3) In the first 120 min of outdoor activities under high temperature, residents' hostility was negatively correlated with outdoor activity duration; after more than 120 min, hostility became positively correlated with duration. Therefore, figuring out how temperature changes influence human emotions is of great significance to improving the living environment and health level of residents. This study attempts to (1) explore the impact of temperature changes and outdoor activity duration on hostility, (2) evaluate residents' emotional health risk levels affected by high temperature, and (3) provide a theoretical basis for the early warning mechanism of emotional health risk and the planning of healthy cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchun Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- School of Architecture and Planning, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhai
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Frangione B, Rodríguez Villamizar LA, Lang JJ, Colman I, Lavigne E, Peters C, Anisman H, Villeneuve PJ. Short-term changes in meteorological conditions and suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112230. [PMID: 34688638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a leading cause of death, particularly for young adults. Suicidal behaviours are influenced by a wide-range of personal, social, and cultural factors. Emerging evidence suggests that daily changes in meteorological conditions, including temperature, increases the risk of suicide. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that examined associations between either daily, or weekly, variations for eight meteorological variables and suicide outcomes (attempts, or deaths). Meta-analytic methods were applied to derive summary measures of association using random effect models. We assessed the heterogeneity in these associations by region and biological sex. RESULTS We identified 29 studies of suicide. Of these, 26 reported associations between temperature, while fewer studies reported on rain (n = 4), solar radiation (n = 4), humidity (n = 3), sunshine (n = 3), atmospheric pressure (n = 2), wind (n = 2) and cloud cover (n = 2). The overall relative risk for suicide deaths/attempts per 1 °C increase in ambient temperature was 1.016 (95% CI: 1.013-1.019). Subgroup analysis of temperature found stronger associations with suicide when using the maximum rather than the mean daily temperature, among men, and for completed suicides relative to attempts. Regionally, the strongest associations were found in the East Asia and Pacific region. While associations were found for solar radiation and cloud coverage and suicide, we did not undertake a meta-analysis for these exposures as it was not possible to standardize measures of association across studies. Statistically significant associations were not observed for other identified meteorological variables. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that daily increases in temperature increase the risk of suicide, particularly, among men and in the East Asia and Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Frangione
- Faculty of Science, Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Justin J Lang
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, K1S 5H4, Ottawa, Canada; Faculty of Science, Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Eric Lavigne
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa/université d'Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Canada; Health Canada/Santé Canada, K1A 0K9, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Cheryl Peters
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Canada; Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, T2S 3C3, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, T2N 4N1, Calgary, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Faculty of Science, Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada; CHAIM Research Centre, Carleton University, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada.
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Sharpe I, Davison CM. Climate change, climate-related disasters and mental disorder in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051908. [PMID: 34649848 PMCID: PMC8522671 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Climate change and climate-related disasters adversely affect mental health. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and climate-related disasters and often lack adequate mental healthcare infrastructure. We used the scoping review methodology to determine how exposure to climate change and climate-related disasters influences the presence of mental disorders among those living in LMICs. We also aimed to recognise existing gaps in this area of literature. METHODS This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. To identify relevant studies, we searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, APA PsycInfo and Sociological Abstracts) from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2019. We also searched the grey literature. Included studies had an adult-focused LMIC population, a climate change or climate-related disaster exposure and a mental disorder outcome. Relevant study information was extracted and synthesised. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies were identified, most of which (n=48) employed a cross-sectional design. The most commonly studied exposure-outcome combinations were flood-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n=28), flood-related depression (n=15) and storm-related PTSD (n=13). The majority of studies identified a positive exposure-outcome association. However, few studies included a baseline or comparator (ie, unexposed) group, thereby limiting our understanding of the magnitude or nature of this association. There was also great heterogeneity in this literature, making studies difficult to pool or compare. Several research gaps were identified including the lack of longitudinal studies and non-uniformity of geographic coverage. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this was the first scoping review to investigate the relationship between climate change and climate-related disaster exposures and mental disorder outcomes in LMICs. Our findings support the need for further research, but also highlight that mental health should be a priority within LMIC climate change policy considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel Sharpe
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colleen M Davison
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Fonseka TM, Bhat V, Kennedy SH. The utility of artificial intelligence in suicide risk prediction and the management of suicidal behaviors. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2019; 53:954-964. [PMID: 31347389 DOI: 10.1177/0004867419864428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide is a growing public health concern with a global prevalence of approximately 800,000 deaths per year. The current process of evaluating suicide risk is highly subjective, which can limit the efficacy and accuracy of prediction efforts. Consequently, suicide detection strategies are shifting toward artificial intelligence platforms that can identify patterns within 'big data' to generate risk algorithms that can determine the effects of risk (and protective) factors on suicide outcomes, predict suicide outbreaks and identify at-risk individuals or populations. In this review, we summarize the role of artificial intelligence in optimizing suicide risk prediction and behavior management. METHODS This paper provides a general review of the literature. A literature search was conducted in OVID Medline, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases with coverage from January 1990 to June 2019. Results were restricted to peer-reviewed, English-language articles. Conference and dissertation proceedings, case reports, protocol papers and opinion pieces were excluded. Reference lists were also examined for additional articles of relevance. RESULTS At the individual level, prediction analytics help to identify individuals in crisis to intervene with emotional support, crisis and psychoeducational resources, and alerts for emergency assistance. At the population level, algorithms can identify at-risk groups or suicide hotspots, which help inform resource mobilization, policy reform and advocacy efforts. Artificial intelligence has also been used to support the clinical management of suicide across diagnostics and evaluation, medication management and behavioral therapy delivery. There could be several advantages of incorporating artificial intelligence into suicide care, which includes a time- and resource-effective alternative to clinician-based strategies, adaptability to various settings and demographics, and suitability for use in remote locations with limited access to mental healthcare supports. CONCLUSION Based on the observed benefits to date, artificial intelligence has a demonstrated utility within suicide prediction and clinical management efforts and will continue to advance mental healthcare forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trehani M Fonseka
- Centre for Mental Health and Krembil Research Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,School of Social Work, King's University College, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Centre for Mental Health and Krembil Research Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Centre for Mental Health and Krembil Research Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Thompson R, Hornigold R, Page L, Waite T. Associations between high ambient temperatures and heat waves with mental health outcomes: a systematic review. Public Health 2018; 161:171-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Weather and Suicide: A Decade Analysis in the Five Largest Capital Cities of Colombia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071313. [PMID: 29932440 PMCID: PMC6069433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Historically, seasonal variations in suicide rates were thought to be associated with changes in weather. Most of this evidence however, is based on studies that were conducted in developed countries that are located outside the tropics. As such, it is necessary to examine this association in developing countries, such as Colombia, which do not experience marked seasons. In addition, it is important to adjust for the effect of holidays when analyzing this association as they have been reported to be a relevant confounding factor. Our objective was to estimate the association between daily suicide incidence among men and women in five major Colombian cities (Bogotá, Medellin, Cali, Barranquilla, and Bucaramanga) and daily temperature and rainfall. For this purpose, we conducted a multi-city, multi-temporal ecological study from 2005 to 2015, using data from the suicide mortality registries (provided by the National Administrative Department of Statistics). Daily measurements of the two weather variables were obtained from the official historical registry of the meteorological station at each city airport. We used these data to estimate conditional Poisson models for daily suicide counts, stratifying by sex and adjusting for holidays. Although we found that none of the weather variable estimators could reject the null hypothesis, we uncovered an association between suicide incidence and long weekends in the total suicide model (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR): 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04⁻1.23). We found no evidence of association between weather variables and suicide in Colombia. Our study is based on daily observations and it provides evidence of absence of this association in a tropical country that does not experience marked seasons.
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