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Lavigne É, Abdulaziz KE, Murphy MS, Stanescu C, Dingwall-Harvey AL, Stieb DM, Walker MC, Wen SW, Shin HH. Associations of neighborhood greenspace, and active living environments with autism spectrum disorders: A matched case-control study in Ontario, Canada. Environ Res 2024; 252:118828. [PMID: 38583657 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence links early life residential exposure to natural urban environmental attributes and positive health outcomes in children. However, few studies have focused on their protective effects on the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of neighborhood greenspace, and active living environments during pregnancy with ASD in young children (≤6 years). METHODS We conducted a population-based matched case-control study of singleton term births in Ontario, Canada for 2012-2016. The ASD and environmental data was generated using the Ontario Autism Spectrum Profile, the Better Outcomes Registry & Network Ontario, and Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium. We employed conditional logistic regressions to estimate the odds ratio (OR) between ASD and environmental factors characterizing selected greenspace metrics and neighborhoods conducive to active living (i.e., green view index (GVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), tree canopy, park proximity and active living environments index (ALE)). RESULTS We linked 8643 mother-child pairs, including 1554 cases (18%). NDVI (OR 1.034, 0.944-1.024, per Inter Quartile Range [IQR] = 0.08), GVI (OR 1.025, 95% CI 0.953-1.087, per IQR = 9.45%), tree canopy (OR 0.992, 95% CI 0.903-1.089, per IQR = 6.24%) and the different categories of ALE were not associated with ASD in adjusted models for air pollution. In contrast, living closer to a park was protective (OR 0.888, 0.833-0.948, per 0.06 increase in park proximity index), when adjusted for air pollution. CONCLUSIONS This study reported mixed findings showing both null and beneficial effects of green spaces and active living environments on ASD. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the role of exposure to greenspaces and active living environments on the development of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Lavigne
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kasim E Abdulaziz
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malia Sq Murphy
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cristina Stanescu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alysha Lj Dingwall-Harvey
- Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Stieb
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark C Walker
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; International and Global Health Office, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shi Wu Wen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hwashin Hyun Shin
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Tupinier Martin F, Boudreault J, Campagna C, Lavigne É, Gamache P, Tandonnet M, Généreux M, Trottier S, Goupil-Sormany I. The relationship between hot temperatures and hospital admissions for psychosis in adults diagnosed with schizophrenia: A case-crossover study in Quebec, Canada. Environ Res 2024; 246:118225. [PMID: 38253191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some studies have found hot temperatures to be associated with exacerbations of schizophrenia, namely psychoses. As climate changes faster in Northern countries, our understanding of the association between temperature and hospital admissions (HA) for psychosis needs to be deepened. OBJECTIVES 1) Among adults diagnosed with schizophrenia, measure the relationship between mean temperatures and HAs for psychosis during summer. 2) Determine the influence of individual and ecological characteristics on this relationship. METHODS A cohort of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 30,649) was assembled using Quebec's Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS). The follow-up spanned summers from 2001 to 2019, using hospital data from the QICDSS and meteorological data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Daymet database. In four geographic regions of the province of Quebec, a conditional logistic regression was used for the case-crossover analysis of the relationship between mean temperatures (at lags up to 6 days) and HAs for psychosis using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). The analyses were adjusted for relative humidity, stratified according to individual (age, sex, and comorbidities) and ecological (material and social deprivation index and exposure to green space) factors, and then pooled through a meta-regression. RESULTS The statistical analyses revealed a statistically significant increase in HAs three days (lag 3) after elevated mean temperatures corresponding to the 90th percentile relative to a minimum morbidity temperature (MMT) (OR 1.040; 95% CI 1.008-1.074), while the cumulative effect over six days was not statistically significant (OR 1.052; 95% IC 0.993-1.114). Stratified analyses revealed non statistically significant gradients of increasing HAs relative to increasing material deprivation and decreasing green space levels. CONCLUSIONS The statistical analyses conducted in this project showed the pattern of admissions for psychosis after hot days. This finding could be useful to better plan health services in a rapidly changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Tupinier Martin
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Department of social and preventive medicine, Laval University, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Environmental and occupational health and toxicology unit, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Jérémie Boudreault
- Environmental and occupational health and toxicology unit, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Water Earth and Environment Research Center, National institute of scientific research (INRS), Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Céline Campagna
- Department of social and preventive medicine, Laval University, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Environmental and occupational health and toxicology unit, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Water Earth and Environment Research Center, National institute of scientific research (INRS), Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa (Ontario), Canada; School of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Ontario), Canada.
| | - Philippe Gamache
- Bureau d'information et d'études en santé des populations (BIESP), Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Matthieu Tandonnet
- Bureau d'information et d'études en santé des populations (BIESP), Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Mélissa Généreux
- Department of Community health sciences, Faculty of medicine and health sciences, Sherbrooke University, Sherbrooke (Quebec), Canada; Estrie's Public Health Department, Sherbrooke (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Simon Trottier
- Service des bibliothèques et archives, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke (Quebec), Canada.
| | - Isabelle Goupil-Sormany
- Department of social and preventive medicine, Laval University, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Environmental and occupational health and toxicology unit, Quebec National Institute of Public Health, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada; Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Laval University, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.
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Stanescu C, Talarico R, Weichenthal S, Villeneuve PJ, Smargiassi A, Stieb DM, To T, Hebbern C, Crighton E, Lavigne É. Early life exposure to pollens and increased risks of childhood asthma: a prospective cohort study in Ontario children. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2301568. [PMID: 38636971 PMCID: PMC11025571 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01568-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a disease characterised by wheeze, cough and shortness of breath, and constitutes the most prevalent chronic disease among children [1]. Various phenotypes have been specifically identified in the paediatric population, and include early transient wheeze, current wheeze/asthma, and mild or moderate asthma [2]. Lifestyle behaviours, genetics, maternal and paternal factors, and environment exposures have been identified as risk factors in the multifactorial aetiology of childhood asthma [3]. Increased exposure to tree canopy around the place of residence at birth prevented the risk of childhood asthma development, but this protective effect can be reduced when exposure to weed and tree pollen increases https://bit.ly/3Tboabo
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Talarico
- ICES uOttawa (formerly known as Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Audrey Smargiassi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David M Stieb
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Teresa To
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Eric Crighton
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- ICES uOttawa (formerly known as Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Masselot P, Chebana F, Campagna C, Lavigne É, Ouarda TBMJ, Gosselin P. Constrained groupwise additive index models. Biostatistics 2023; 24:1066-1084. [PMID: 35791751 PMCID: PMC10583725 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In environmental epidemiology, there is wide interest in creating and using comprehensive indices that can summarize information from different environmental exposures while retaining strong predictive power on a target health outcome. In this context, the present article proposes a model called the constrained groupwise additive index model (CGAIM) to create easy-to-interpret indices predictive of a response variable, from a potentially large list of variables. The CGAIM considers groups of predictors that naturally belong together to yield meaningful indices. It also allows the addition of linear constraints on both the index weights and the form of their relationship with the response variable to represent prior assumptions or operational requirements. We propose an efficient algorithm to estimate the CGAIM, along with index selection and inference procedures. A simulation study shows that the proposed algorithm has good estimation performances, with low bias and variance and is applicable in complex situations with many correlated predictors. It also demonstrates important sensitivity and specificity in index selection, but non-negligible coverage error on constructed confidence intervals. The CGAIM is then illustrated in the construction of heat indices in a health warning system context. We believe the CGAIM could become useful in a wide variety of situations, such as warning systems establishment, and multipollutant or exposome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Masselot
- Department of Public Health, Environment and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, WC1H 9SH, London, UK
| | - Fateh Chebana
- Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec), G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Céline Campagna
- Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec), G1K 9A9, Canada and Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 945, avenue Wolfe Québec (Québec) G1V 5B3 Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Room 101, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada and Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Avenue West, Mail Stop 4903B, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9 Canada
| | - Taha B M J Ouarda
- Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec), G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Pierre Gosselin
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, Québec, Canada, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Canada, and Ouranos, Montréal, 550 Sherbrooke Ouest, Tour Ouest, 19eme Étage, Montréal (Québec), H3A 1B9, Canada
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Lo YTE, Mitchell DM, Buzan JR, Zscheischler J, Schneider R, Mistry MN, Kyselý J, Lavigne É, da Silva SP, Royé D, Urban A, Armstrong B, Gasparrini A, Vicedo‐Cabrera AM. Optimal heat stress metric for modelling heat-related mortality varies from country to country. Int J Climatol 2023; 43:5553-5568. [PMID: 37874919 PMCID: PMC10410159 DOI: 10.1002/joc.8160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Combined heat and humidity is frequently described as the main driver of human heat-related mortality, more so than dry-bulb temperature alone. While based on physiological thinking, this assumption has not been robustly supported by epidemiological evidence. By performing the first systematic comparison of eight heat stress metrics (i.e., temperature combined with humidity and other climate variables) with warm-season mortality, in 604 locations over 39 countries, we find that the optimal metric for modelling mortality varies from country to country. Temperature metrics with no or little humidity modification associates best with mortality in ~40% of the studied countries. Apparent temperature (combined temperature, humidity and wind speed) dominates in another 40% of countries. There is no obvious climate grouping in these results. We recommend, where possible, that researchers use the optimal metric for each country. However, dry-bulb temperature performs similarly to humidity-based heat stress metrics in estimating heat-related mortality in present-day climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. T. Eunice Lo
- School of Geographical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Cabot Institute for the EnvironmentUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Dann M. Mitchell
- School of Geographical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Cabot Institute for the EnvironmentUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Jonathan R. Buzan
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics InstituteUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Jakob Zscheischler
- Department of Computational HydrosystemsHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH—UFZLeipzigGermany
| | - Rochelle Schneider
- Ф‐LabEuropean Space Agency (ESA‐ESRIN)FrascatiItaly
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Centre on Climate Change & Planetary HealthLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Forecast DepartmentEuropean Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF)ReadingUK
| | - Malcolm N. Mistry
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Department of EconomicsCa' Foscari University of VeniceVeniceItaly
| | - Jan Kyselý
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology & Public Health, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Air Health Science DivisionHeatlh CanadaOttawaCanada
| | | | - Dominic Royé
- Climate Research Foundation (FIC)MadridSpain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)Spain
| | - Aleš Urban
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Ben Armstrong
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | | | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Department of Public Health, Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Centre on Climate Change & Planetary HealthLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
- Centre for Statistical MethodologyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | - Ana M. Vicedo‐Cabrera
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Hutchinson M, Lavigne É, Patterson Z. Opioid use in the era of COVID-19: a multifaceted study of the opioid epidemic in Canada. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122441. [PMID: 37305538 PMCID: PMC10247957 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had wide economic, social, and health impacts, and has disproportionately affected individuals who were already vulnerable. Individuals who use opioids have dealt with evolving public health measures and disruptions while also dealing with the ongoing opioid epidemic. Opioid-related mortalities in Canada increased throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but it is unclear to what extent public health measures and the progression of the pandemic contributed to opioid-related harms. Methods: To address this gap, we used emergency room (ER) visits recorded in the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS) between 1 April 2017, and 31 December 2021, to investigate trends of opioid-related harms throughout the pandemic. This study also included semi-structured interviews with service providers in the field of opioid use treatment, to help contextualize the trends seen in ER visits and offer perspectives on how opioid use and services have changed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Overall, the number of hospitalizations related to an opioid use disorder (OUD) decreased with progressing waves of the pandemic and with increasing severity of public health measures in Ontario. The rate of hospitalizations related to opioid poisonings (e.g., central nervous system and respiratory system depression caused by opioids) significantly increased with the progressing waves of the pandemic, as well as with increasing severity of public health measures in Ontario. Discussion: The increase in opioid-related poisonings is reflected in the existing literature whereas the decrease in OUDs is not. Moreover, the increase in opioid-related poisonings aligns with the observations of service providers, whereas the decrease in OUD contradicts the trends that service providers described. This discrepancy could be explained by factors identified by service providers, including the pressures on ERs during the pandemic, hesitancy to seek treatment, and drug toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Hutchinson
- Faculty of Public Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Villeneuve PJ, Huynh D, Lavigne É, Colman I, Anisman H, Peters C, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA. Daily changes in ambient air pollution concentrations and temperature and suicide mortality in Canada: Findings from a national time-stratified case-crossover study. Environ Res 2023; 223:115477. [PMID: 36781013 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, approximately 1900 people die by suicide daily. Daily elevations in air pollution and temperature have previously been linked to a higher risk of death from suicide. To date, there have been relatively few studies of air pollution and suicide, particularly at a national level. National analyses play an important role in shaping health policy to mitigate against adverse health outcomes. METHODS We used a time-stratified case-crossover study design to investigate the influence of short-term (i.e., day to day) interquartile range (IQR) increases in air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide [NO2], ozone [O3], and fine particulate matter [PM2.5]) and temperature on suicide mortality in Canada between 2002 and 2015. For air pollution models, odds ratios (ORs) derived from conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for average daily temperature, and holidays. For temperature models, ORs were adjusted for holidays. Stratified analyses were undertaken by suicide type (non-violent and violent), sex, age, and season. RESULTS Analyses are based on 50,800 suicide deaths. Overall, temperature effects were stronger than those for air pollution. A same day IQR increase in temperature (9.6 °C) was associated with a 10.1% increase (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.0%-11.2%) of death from suicide. For 3-day average increase of O3 (IQR = 14.1 ppb), PM2.5 (IQR = 5.6 μg/m3) and NO2 (IQR = 9.7 ppb) the corresponding risks were 4.7% (95% CI: 3.9, 5.6), 3.4% (95% CI: 3.0, 3.8), and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.1, 2.8), respectively. All pollutants showed stronger associations with suicide during the warmer season (April-September). Stratified analyses revealed stronger associations for both temperature and air pollution in women. CONCLUSIONS Daily increases in air pollution and temperature were found to increase the risk of death from suicide. Females, particularly during warmer season, were most vulnerable to these exposures. Policy decisions related to air pollution and climate change should consider effects on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David Huynh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Peters
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada; BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
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Miron-Celis M, Talarico R, Villeneuve PJ, Crighton E, Stieb DM, Stanescu C, Lavigne É. Critical windows of exposure to air pollution and gestational diabetes: assessing effect modification by maternal pre-existing conditions and environmental factors. Environ Health 2023; 22:26. [PMID: 36918883 PMCID: PMC10015960 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00974-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution has been associated with gestational diabetes (GD), but critical windows of exposure and whether maternal pre-existing conditions and other environmental factors modify the associations remains inconclusive. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all singleton live birth that occurred between April 1st 2006 and March 31st 2018 in Ontario, Canada. Ambient air pollution data (i.e., fine particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3)) were assigned to the study population in spatial resolution of approximately 1 km × 1 km. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Green View Index (GVI) were also used to characterize residential exposure to green space as well as the Active Living Environments (ALE) index to represent the active living friendliness. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the associations. RESULTS Among 1,310,807 pregnant individuals, 68,860 incident cases of GD were identified. We found the strongest associations between PM2.5 and GD in gestational weeks 7 to 18 (HR = 1.07 per IQR (2.7 µg/m3); 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.11)). For O3, we found two sensitive windows of exposure, with increased risk in the preconception period (HR = 1.03 per IQR increase (7.0 ppb) (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.06)) as well as gestational weeks 9 to 28 (HR 1.08 per IQR (95% CI: 1.04 -1.12)). We found that women with asthma were more at risk of GD when exposed to increasing levels of O3 (p- value for effect modification = 0.04). Exposure to air pollutants explained 20.1%, 1.4% and 4.6% of the associations between GVI, NDVI and ALE, respectively. CONCLUSION An increase of PM2.5 exposure in early pregnancy and of O3 exposure during late first trimester and over the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with gestational diabetes whereas exposure to green space may confer a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Miron-Celis
- Air Sectors Assessment and Exposure Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Talarico
- ICES uOttawa (Formerly Known As Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Eric Crighton
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David M Stieb
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Avenue West, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cristina Stanescu
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Avenue West, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Avenue West, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Cicci KR, Maltby A, Clemens KK, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Gunz AC, Lavigne É, Wilk P. High Temperatures and Cardiovascular-Related Morbidity: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191811243. [PMID: 36141512 PMCID: PMC9517671 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this review was to synthesize studies assessing the relationships between high temperatures and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related hospital encounters (i.e., emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations) in urban Canada and other comparable populations, and to identify areas for future research. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus were searched between 6 April and 11 April 2020, and on 21 March 2021, to identify articles examining the relationship between high temperatures and CVD-related hospital encounters. Studies involving patients with pre-existing CVD were also included. English language studies from North America and Europe were included. Twenty-two articles were included in the review. Studies reported an inconsistent association between high temperatures and ischemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure, dysrhythmia, and some cerebrovascular-related hospital encounters. There was consistent evidence that high temperatures may be associated with increased ED visits and hospitalizations related to total CVD, hyper/hypotension, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and ischemic stroke. Age, sex, and gender appear to modify high temperature-CVD morbidity relationships. Two studies examined the influence of pre-existing CVD on the relationship between high temperatures and morbidity. Pre-existing heart failure, AMI, and total CVD did not appear to affect the relationship, while evidence was inconsistent for pre-existing hypertension. There is inconsistent evidence that high temperatures are associated with CVD-related hospital encounters. Continued research on this topic is needed, particularly in the Canadian context and with a focus on individuals with pre-existing CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra R. Cicci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - Alana Maltby
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - Kristin K. Clemens
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
- ICES, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- St. Joseph’s Health Care, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna C. Gunz
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Child Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
- ICES, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Child Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
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10
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Wilk P, Maltby A, Lau T, Gunz AC, Osornio-Vargas A, Yamamoto SS, Ali S, Lavigne É. Geographic inequalities in paediatric emergency department visits in Ontario and Alberta: a multilevel analysis of 2.5 million visits. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:432. [PMID: 35858855 PMCID: PMC9297543 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on intra- and inter-regional variations in emergency department (ED) visits among children can provide a better understanding of the patterns of ED utilization and further insight into how contextual features of the urban environment may be associated with these health events. Our objectives were to assess intra-urban and inter-urban variation in paediatric emergency department (PED) visits in census metropolitan areas (CMAs) in Ontario and Alberta, Canada and explore if contextual factors related to material and social deprivation, proximity to healthcare facilities, and supply of family physicians explain this variation. Methods A retrospective, population-based analysis of data on PED visits recorded between April 1, 2015 and March 31, 2017 was conducted. Random intercept multilevel regression models were constructed to quantify the intra- (between forward sortation areas [FSAs]) and inter- (between CMAs) variations in the rates of PED visits. Results In total, 2,537,442 PED visits were included in the study. The overall crude FSA-level rate of PED visits was 415.4 per 1,000 children population. Across CMAs, the crude rate of PED visits was highest in Thunder Bay, Ontario (771.6) and lowest in Windsor, Ontario (237.2). There was evidence of substantial intra- and inter-urban variation in the rates of PED visits. More socially deprived FSAs, FSAs with decreased proximity to healthcare facilities, and CMAs with a higher rate of family physicians per 1,000 children population had higher rates of PED visits. Conclusions The variation in rates of PED visits across CMAs and FSAs cannot be fully accounted for by age and sex distributions, material and social deprivation, proximity to healthcare facilities, or supply of family physicians. There is a need to explore additional contextual factors to better understand why some metropolitan areas have higher rates of PED visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Child Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada. .,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 3rd Floor, Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, 1465 Richmond St, ON, N6G 2M1, London, Canada.
| | - Alana Maltby
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tammy Lau
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anna C Gunz
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Child Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Paediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Shelby S Yamamoto
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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11
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Mistry MN, Schneider R, Masselot P, Royé D, Armstrong B, Kyselý J, Orru H, Sera F, Tong S, Lavigne É, Urban A, Madureira J, García-León D, Ibarreta D, Ciscar JC, Feyen L, de Schrijver E, de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho M, Pascal M, Tobias A, Guo Y, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Gasparrini A. Comparison of weather station and climate reanalysis data for modelling temperature-related mortality. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5178. [PMID: 35338191 PMCID: PMC8956721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological analyses of health risks associated with non-optimal temperature are traditionally based on ground observations from weather stations that offer limited spatial and temporal coverage. Climate reanalysis represents an alternative option that provide complete spatio-temporal exposure coverage, and yet are to be systematically explored for their suitability in assessing temperature-related health risks at a global scale. Here we provide the first comprehensive analysis over multiple regions to assess the suitability of the most recent generation of reanalysis datasets for health impact assessments and evaluate their comparative performance against traditional station-based data. Our findings show that reanalysis temperature from the last ERA5 products generally compare well to station observations, with similar non-optimal temperature-related risk estimates. However, the analysis offers some indication of lower performance in tropical regions, with a likely underestimation of heat-related excess mortality. Reanalysis data represent a valid alternative source of exposure variables in epidemiological analyses of temperature-related risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm N Mistry
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. .,Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy.
| | - Rochelle Schneider
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,The Centre on Climate Change & Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Forecast Department, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF), Reading, UK.,Ф-Lab, European Space Agency (ESA-ESRIN), Frascati, Italy
| | - Pierre Masselot
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dominic Royé
- Department of Geography, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ben Armstrong
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,The Centre on Climate Change & Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jan Kyselý
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hans Orru
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Francesco Sera
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications 'G. Parenti', University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Shilu Tong
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Public Health, Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aleš Urban
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joana Madureira
- Department of Environmental Health, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David García-León
- The Joint Research Center (JRC), European Commission, Seville, Spain
| | - Dolores Ibarreta
- The Joint Research Center (JRC), European Commission, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Luc Feyen
- The Joint Research Center (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Evan de Schrijver
- Graduate School of Health Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Mathilde Pascal
- Santé Publique France, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, French National Public Health Agency, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Aurelio Tobias
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ana M Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. .,The Centre on Climate Change & Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. .,Centre for Statistical Methodology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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12
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Masselot P, Sera F, Schneider R, Kan H, Lavigne É, Stafoggia M, Tobias A, Chen H, Burnett RT, Schwartz J, Zanobetti A, Bell ML, Chen BY, Guo YLL, Ragettli MS, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Åström C, Forsberg B, Íñiguez C, Garland RM, Scovronick N, Madureira J, Nunes B, De la Valencia Cruz C, Diaz MH, Honda Y, Hashizume M, Ng CFC, Samoli E, Katsouyanni K, Schneider A, Breitner S, Ryti NR, Jaakkola JJ, Maasikmets M, Orru H, Guo Y, Ortega NV, Correa PM, Tong S, Gasparrini A. Differential Mortality Risks Associated With PM2.5 Components: A Multi-Country, Multi-City Study. Epidemiology 2022; 33:167-175. [PMID: 34907973 PMCID: PMC7612311 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality widely differs between as well as within countries. Differences in PM2.5 composition can play a role in modifying the effect estimates, but there is little evidence about which components have higher impacts on mortality. METHODS We applied a 2-stage analysis on data collected from 210 locations in 16 countries. In the first stage, we estimated location-specific relative risks (RR) for mortality associated with daily total PM2.5 through time series regression analysis. We then pooled these estimates in a meta-regression model that included city-specific logratio-transformed proportions of seven PM2.5 components as well as meta-predictors derived from city-specific socio-economic and environmental indicators. RESULTS We found associations between RR and several PM2.5 components. Increasing the ammonium (NH4+) proportion from 1% to 22%, while keeping a relative average proportion of other components, increased the RR from 1.0063 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.0030, 1.0097) to 1.0102 (95% CI = 1.0070, 1.0135). Conversely, an increase in nitrate (NO3-) from 1% to 71% resulted in a reduced RR, from 1.0100 (95% CI = 1.0067, 1.0133) to 1.0037 (95% CI = 0.9998, 1.0077). Differences in composition explained a substantial part of the heterogeneity in PM2.5 risk. CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to the identification of more hazardous emission sources. Further work is needed to understand the health impacts of PM2.5 components and sources given the overlapping sources and correlations among many components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Masselot
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - Francesco Sera
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications “G. Parenti”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rochelle Schneider
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast, Reading, UK
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelio Tobias
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonella Zanobetti
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Bing-Yu Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Liang Leon Guo
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | | | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christofer Åström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Carmen Íñiguez
- Department of Statistics and Computational Research. Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Ciberesp, Madrid. Spain
| | - Rebecca M. Garland
- Natural Resources and the Environment Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Department of Geography, Geo-informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Noah Scovronick
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Joana Madureira
- Department of Environmental Health, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Baltazar Nunes
- Department of Epidemiology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - César De la Valencia Cruz
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Magali Hurtado Diaz
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Yasushi Honda
- Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hashizume
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chris Fook Cheng Ng
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
- School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Breitner
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- IBE-Chair of Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Niilo R.I. Ryti
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni J.K. Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hans Orru
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Shilu Tong
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Centre, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health and Institute of Environment and Human Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Centre for Statistical Methodology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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13
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Lavigne É, Talarico R, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Stieb DM, Crighton E, Weichenthal S, Smith-Doiron M, Burnett RT, Chen H. Fine particulate matter concentration and composition and the incidence of childhood asthma. Environ Int 2021; 152:106486. [PMID: 33684735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have found positive associations between outdoor fine particulate air pollution (≤2.5 μm, PM2.5) and childhood asthma incidence. However, the impact of PM2.5 composition on children's respiratory health remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE We examined whether joint exposure to PM2.5 mass concentrations and its major chemical components was associated with childhood asthma development. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study by identifying 1,130,855 singleton live births occurring between 2006 and 2014 in the province of Ontario, Canada. Concentrations of PM2.5 and its seven major chemical components were assigned to participants based on their postal codes using chemical transport models and remote sensing. The joint impact of outdoor PM2.5 concentrations and its major components and childhood asthma incidence (up to age 6) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, allowing for potential nonlinearity. RESULTS We identified 167,080 children who developed asthma before age 6. In adjusted models, outdoor PM2.5 mass concentrations during childhood were associated with increased incidence of childhood asthma (Hazard Ratio (HR) for each 1 μg/m3 increase = 1.026, 95% CI: 1.021-1.031). We found that the joint effects of PM2.5 and its components on childhood asthma incidence may be 24% higher than the conventional approach. Specific components/source markers such as black carbon, ammonium, and nitrate appeared to play an important role. CONCLUSIONS Early life exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical components is associated with an increased risk of asthma development in children. The heterogeneous nature of PM2.5 should be considered in future health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Robert Talarico
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David M Stieb
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Crighton
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Richard T Burnett
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Wilk P, Gunz A, Maltby A, Ravichakaravarthy T, Clemens KK, Lavigne É, Lim R, Vicedo-Cabrera AM. Extreme heat and paediatric emergency department visits in Southwestern Ontario. Paediatr Child Health 2020; 26:305-309. [PMID: 34336059 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The risk of adverse health events is expected to increase with hotter temperatures, particularly among the most vulnerable groups such as elderly persons and children. The objective of this study was to assess the association between extreme heat and daily emergency department visits among children (0 to 17 years) in Southwestern Ontario. Methods We examined the average maximum temperature, relative humidity, and daily paediatric emergency department visits in June through August of 2002 to 2019. We reviewed emergency department visits from two academic hospitals. Daily meteorological data from the local weather station were obtained from Environment and Climate Change Canada. Results Extreme heat, defined as the 99th percentile of the maximum temperature distribution, occurred at 33.1°C and was associated with an overall 22% increase in emergency department visits, compared to the reference temperature of 21°C. This association was mostly found between the second and fifth day after the exposure, suggesting a slightly delayed effect. The results of the sub-group analysis indicate that the risk of an emergency department visit due to infectious disease increases by 35% and the most pronounced association was noted in children aged 1 to 12 years. Conclusions Extreme heat is associated with an increased incidence of emergency department visits in children. As temperatures continue to increase, strategies to mitigate heat-related health risks among children should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario.,Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario.,Child Health Research Institute, London, Ontario.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario
| | - Anna Gunz
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario.,Child Health Research Institute, London, Ontario.,Division of Paediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario
| | - Alana Maltby
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario
| | | | - Kristin K Clemens
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario.,ICES, London, Ontario.,St. Joseph's Health Care, London, Ontario
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Rodrick Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario.,Child Health Research Institute, London, Ontario.,Division of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Yan B, Chebana F, Masselot P, Campagna C, Gosselin P, Ouarda TBMJ, Lavigne É. A cold-health watch and warning system, applied to the province of Quebec (Canada). Sci Total Environ 2020; 741:140188. [PMID: 32886981 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT A number of studies have shown that cold has an important impact on human health. However, almost no studies focused on cold warning systems to prevent those health effects. For Nordic regions, like the province of Quebec in Canada, winter is long and usually very cold with an observed increase in mortality and hospitalizations throughout the season. However, there is no existing system specifically designed to follow in real-time this mortality increase throughout the season and to alert public health authorities prior to cold waves. OBJECTIVE The aim is to establish a watch and warning system specifically for health impacts of cold, applied to different climatic regions of the province of Quebec. METHODOLOGY A methodology previously used to establish the health-heat warning system in Quebec is adapted to cold. The approach identifies cold weather indicators and establishes thresholds related to extreme over-mortality or over-hospitalization events in the province of Quebec, Canada. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The final health-related thresholds proposed are between (-15 °C, -23 °C) and (-20 °C, -29 °C) according to the climatic region for excesses of mortality, and between (-13 °C, -23 °C) and (-17 °C, -30 °C) for excesses of hospitalization. These results suggest that the system model has a high sensitivity and an acceptable number of false alarms. This could lead to the establishment of a cold-health watch and warning system with valid indicators and thresholds for each climatic region of Quebec. It can be seen as a complementary system to the existing one for heat warnings, in order to help the public health authorities to be well prepared during an extreme cold event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixun Yan
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Fateh Chebana
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Pierre Masselot
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Céline Campagna
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada; Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 945 av Wolfe, Québec G1V 5B3, Canada
| | - Pierre Gosselin
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada; Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 945 av Wolfe, Québec G1V 5B3, Canada
| | - Taha B M J Ouarda
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa K1G 5Z3, Canada; Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave West, Ottawa K1A 0K9, Canada
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Elten M, Donelle J, Lima I, Burnett RT, Weichenthal S, Stieb DM, Hystad P, van Donkelaar A, Chen H, Paul LA, Crighton E, Martin RV, Decou ML, Luo W, Lavigne É. Ambient air pollution and incidence of early-onset paediatric type 1 diabetes: A retrospective population-based cohort study. Environ Res 2020; 184:109291. [PMID: 32120123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported increasing incidence rates of paediatric diabetes, especially among those aged 0-5 years. Epidemiological evidence linking ambient air pollution to paediatric diabetes remains mixed. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between maternal and early-life exposures to common air pollutants (NO2, PM2.5, O3, and oxidant capacity [Ox; the redox-weighted average of O3 and NO2]) and the incidence of paediatric diabetes in children up to 6 years of age. METHODS All registered singleton births in Ontario, Ca nada occurring between April 1st, 2006 and March 31st, 2012 were included through linkage from health administrative data. Monthly exposures to NO2, PM2.5, O3, and Ox were estimated across trimesters, the entire pregnancy period and during childhood. Random effects Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relationships with paediatric diabetes incidence while controlling for important covariates. We also modelled the shape of concentration-response (CR) relationships. RESULTS There were 1094 children out of a cohort of 754,698 diagnosed with diabetes before the age of six. O3 exposures during the first trimester of pregnancy were associated with paediatric diabetes incidence (hazard ratio (HR) per interquartile (IQR) increase = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.04-3.86). The CR relationship between O3 during the first trimester and paediatric diabetes incidence appeared to have a risk threshold, in which there was little-to-no risk below 25 ppb of O3, while above this level risk increased sigmoidally. No other associations were observed. CONCLUSION O3 exposures during a critical period of development were associated with an increased risk of paediatric diabetes incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Elten
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada; Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Isac Lima
- ICES UOttawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard T Burnett
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David M Stieb
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- ICES UOttawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Eric Crighton
- ICES UOttawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, USA
| | - Mary Lou Decou
- Maternal & Infant Health Section, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Luo
- Maternal & Infant Health Section, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada; Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Masselot P, Chebana F, Lavigne É, Campagna C, Gosselin P, Ouarda TBMJ. Toward an Improved Air Pollution Warning System in Quebec. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16122095. [PMID: 31200502 PMCID: PMC6617323 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The nature of pollutants involved in smog episodes can vary significantly in various cities and contexts and will impact local populations differently due to actual exposure and pre-existing sensitivities for cardiovascular or respiratory diseases. While regulated standards and guidance remain important, it is relevant for cities to have local warning systems related to air pollution. The present paper proposes indicators and thresholds for an air pollution warning system in the metropolitan areas of Montreal and Quebec City (Canada). It takes into account past and current local health impacts to launch its public health warnings for short-term episodes. This warning system considers fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as well as the combined oxidant capacity of ozone and nitrogen dioxide (Ox) as environmental exposures. The methodology used to determine indicators and thresholds consists in identifying extreme excess mortality episodes in the data and then choosing the indicators and thresholds to optimize the detection of these episodes. The thresholds found for the summer were 31 μg/m3 for PM2.5 and 43 ppb for Ox in Montreal, and 32 μg/m3 and 23 ppb in Quebec City. In winter, thresholds found were 25 μg/m3 and 26 ppb in Montreal, and 33 μg/m3 and 21 ppb in Quebec City. These results are in line with different guidelines existing concerning air quality, but more adapted to the cities examined. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is conducted which suggests that Ox is more determinant than PM2.5 in detecting excess mortality episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Masselot
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Fateh Chebana
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Éric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada.
- Air health Science Division, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave West, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Céline Campagna
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 945 Avenue Wolfe, Québec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada.
| | - Pierre Gosselin
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 945 Avenue Wolfe, Québec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada.
- Ouranos, 550 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, QC H3A 1B9, Canada.
| | - Taha B M J Ouarda
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau-Terre-Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
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18
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Sierra-Heredia C, North M, Brook J, Daly C, Ellis AK, Henderson D, Henderson SB, Lavigne É, Takaro TK. Aeroallergens in Canada: Distribution, Public Health Impacts, and Opportunities for Prevention. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E1577. [PMID: 30044421 PMCID: PMC6121311 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aeroallergens occur naturally in the environment and are widely dispersed across Canada, yet their public health implications are not well-understood. This review intends to provide a scientific and public health-oriented perspective on aeroallergens in Canada: their distribution, health impacts, and new developments including the effects of climate change and the potential role of aeroallergens in the development of allergies and asthma. The review also describes anthropogenic effects on plant distribution and diversity, and how aeroallergens interact with other environmental elements, such as air pollution and weather events. Increased understanding of the relationships between aeroallergens and health will enhance our ability to provide accurate information, improve preventive measures and provide timely treatments for affected populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle North
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H7, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences and Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada.
| | - Jeff Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
| | - Christina Daly
- Air Quality Health Index, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences and Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada.
| | - Dave Henderson
- Health and Air Quality Services, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, QC K1A 0H3, Canada.
| | - Sarah B Henderson
- Environmental Health Services, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada.
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada.
| | - Tim K Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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Lavigne É, Burnett RT, Stieb DM, Evans GJ, Godri Pollitt KJ, Chen H, van Rijswijk D, Weichenthal S. Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Adverse Birth Outcomes: Effect Modification by Regional Nonvolatile Oxidative Potential. Environ Health Perspect 2018; 126:077012. [PMID: 30073952 PMCID: PMC6108848 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) has been associated with preterm delivery and low birth weight (LBW), but few studies have examined possible effect modification by oxidative potential. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate if regional differences in the oxidative potential of PM2.5 modify the relationship between PM2.5 and adverse birth outcomes. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 196,171 singleton births that occurred in 31 cities in the province of Ontario, Canada, from 2006 to 2012. Daily air pollution data were collected from ground monitors, and city-level PM2.5 oxidative potential was measured. We used random-effects meta-analysis to combine the estimates of effect from regression models across cities on preterm birth, term LBW, and term birth weight and used meta-regression to evaluate the modifying effect of PM2.5 oxidative potential. RESULTS An interquartile increase (2.6 μg/m3) in first-trimester PM2.5 was positively associated with term LBW among women in the highest quartile of glutathione (GSH)-related oxidative potential [odds ratio (OR)=1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.48], but not the lowest quartile (OR=0.99; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.14; p-interaction=0.03). PM2.5 on the day of delivery also was associated with preterm birth among women in the highest quartile of GSH-related oxidative potential [hazard ratio (HR)=1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.04], but not the lowest quartile [HR=0.97; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.00; p-interaction=0.04]. Between-city differences in ascorbate (AA)-related oxidative potential did not significantly modify associations with PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS Between-city differences in GSH-related oxidative potential may modify the impact of PM2.5 on the risk of term LBW and preterm birth. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2535.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Lavigne
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard T Burnett
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Stieb
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Hong Chen
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Scott Weichenthal
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Lavigne É, Bélair MA, Rodriguez Duque D, Do MT, Stieb DM, Hystad P, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Crouse DL, Crighton E, Chen H, Burnett RT, Weichenthal S, Villeneuve PJ, To T, Brook J, Johnson M, Cakmak S, Yasseen A, Walker M. Effect modification of perinatal exposure to air pollution and childhood asthma incidence. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:1701884. [PMID: 29419440 PMCID: PMC5898934 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01884-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with childhood asthma incidence, however, less is known regarding the potential effect modifiers in this association. We examined whether maternal and infant characteristics modified the association between perinatal exposure to air pollution and development of childhood asthma.761 172 births occurring between 2006 and 2012 were identified in the province of Ontario, Canada. Associations between exposure to ambient air pollutants and childhood asthma incidence (up to age 6) were estimated using Cox regression models.110,981 children with asthma were identified. In models adjusted for postnatal exposures, second trimester exposures to particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) (Hazard Ratio (HR) per interquartile (IQR) increase=1.07, 95% CI: 1.06-1.09) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (HR per IQR increase=1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.08) were associated with childhood asthma development. Enhanced impacts were found among children born to mothers with asthma, those who smoked during pregnancy, boys, those born preterm, of low birth weight and among those born to mothers living in urban areas during pregnancy.Prenatal exposure to air pollution may have a differential impact on the risk of asthma development according to maternal and infant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Minh T. Do
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David M. Stieb
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Dept of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Dept of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Daniel L. Crouse
- Dept of Sociology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Eric Crighton
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Dept of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hong Chen
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Scott Weichenthal
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Dept of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Teresa To
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R. Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada
| | - Markey Johnson
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sabit Cakmak
- Dept of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Abdool S. Yasseen
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Better Outcomes Registry and Network Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Walker
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Better Outcomes Registry and Network Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Dept of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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21
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Lavigne É, Bélair MA, Do MT, Stieb DM, Hystad P, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Crouse DL, Crighton E, Chen H, Brook JR, Burnett RT, Weichenthal S, Villeneuve PJ, To T, Cakmak S, Johnson M, Yasseen AS, Johnson KC, Ofner M, Xie L, Walker M. Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of early childhood cancers: A population-based study in Ontario, Canada. Environ Int 2017; 100:139-147. [PMID: 28108116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are increasing concerns regarding the role of exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy in the development of early childhood cancers. OBJECTIVE This population based study examined whether prenatal and early life (<1year of age) exposures to ambient air pollutants, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5μm (PM2.5), were associated with selected common early childhood cancers in Canada. METHODS 2,350,898 singleton live births occurring between 1988 and 2012 were identified in the province of Ontario, Canada. We assigned temporally varying satellite-derived estimates of PM2.5 and land-use regression model estimates of NO2 to maternal residences during pregnancy. Incident cases of 13 subtypes of pediatric cancers among children up to age 6 until 2013 were ascertained through administrative health data linkages. Associations of trimester-specific, overall pregnancy and first year of life exposures were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 2044 childhood cancers were identified. Exposure to PM2.5, per interquartile range increase, over the entire pregnancy, and during the first trimester was associated with an increased risk of astrocytoma (hazard ratio (HR) per 3.9μg/m3=1.38 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.88) and, HR per 4.0μg/m3=1.40 (95% CI: 1.05-1.86), respectively). We also found a positive association between first trimester NO2 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (HR=1.20 (95% CI: 1.02-1.41) per IQR (13.3ppb)). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study in the largest province of Canada, results suggest an association between exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester and an increased risk of astrocytoma and ALL. Further studies are required to replicate the findings of this study with adjustment for important individual-level confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Minh T Do
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Stieb
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Daniel L Crouse
- Department of Sociology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Eric Crighton
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hong Chen
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Air Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Scott Weichenthal
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa To
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabit Cakmak
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Markey Johnson
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdool S Yasseen
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry and Network Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth C Johnson
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marianna Ofner
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Global Health and Guideline Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lin Xie
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Walker
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Better Outcomes Registry and Network Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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