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Robby T, Hussein N, Welbeck A, Faherty M, Killelea C, Diehl L, Wittstein J, Riboh J, Toth A, Amendola N, Sell TC. Sex-differences in psychological readiness for return-to-sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307720. [PMID: 39292660 PMCID: PMC11410221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Females are at greatest risk for reinjury after return to sport (RTS) following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). The reasons for these sex differences, however, remain unclear. Psychological factors such as kinesiophobia have been identified as a potential predictor for reinjury following RTS. Studies investigating kinesiophobia have identified sex differences, yet whether this holds in the ACLR population remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are sex differences in kinesiophobia and other psychological factors, such as readiness to RTS and self-reported pain in the ACLR population. A total of 20 participants, eleven males (23.0 ± 8.4 years, 178.9 ± 7.6 cm, 76.8 ± 10.4 kg) and 9 females (19.6 ± 5.3 years, 165.1 ± 4.0 cm, 73.2 ± 25.0 kg) voluntarily participated in this study. The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport After Injury (ACL-RSI) scale, and self-reported pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) were administered after clearance for RTS (10.5 ± 2.3 months post-ACLR). Statistical significance was set a priori at p<0.05. A significant difference between sexes was observed for the ACL-RSI with males reporting a significantly higher score (92.82±16.16) compared to females (77.0±15.54; p = 0.040). There were no significant differences between sexes for VAS for pain (males = 4.55 ± 6.50; females = 1.22 ± 3.31; p = 0.228) and TSK-11 (males = 18.73 ± 3.17; females = 19.67 ± 4.61; p = 0.596). The results of this study demonstrated males had significantly higher ACL-RSI scores than females, suggesting males may have higher psychological readiness following clearance for RTS. This study did not demonstrate significant differences between sexes for kinesiophobia or pain level. Caution in interpretation of results is warranted due to the small sample size, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turk Robby
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Nadim Hussein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Arakua Welbeck
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Mallory Faherty
- OhioHealth Research Institute, OhioHealth, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Killelea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Lee Diehl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Jocelyn Wittstein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Riboh
- OrthoCarolina Sports Medicine, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Alison Toth
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Ned Amendola
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Timothy C Sell
- Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
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Baghi R, Alon G, Oppizzi G, Badhyal S, Bowman P, Zhang LQ. Functional Electrical Stimulation of the Lateral Knee Muscles Can Reduce Peak Knee Adduction Moment during Stepping: A Pilot Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:881. [PMID: 39329623 PMCID: PMC11428477 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11090881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is an age-dependent disease dominantly affected by mechanical loading. Balancing the forces acting on the medial knee compartment has been the focus of KOA interventions. This pilot study investigated the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the biceps femoris and lateral gastrocnemius on reducing peak knee adduction moment (pKAM) in healthy adults and individuals with medial KOA while stepping on an instrumented elliptical system. Sixteen healthy individuals and five individuals with medial KOA stepped on the robotic stepping system, which measured footplate-reaction forces/torques and ankle kinematics and calculated 3-D knee moments in real time using inverse dynamics. Participants performed four different tasks: regular stepping without FES as the baseline condition, stepping with continuous FES of the lateral gastrocnemius (FESLG), biceps femoris (FESBF), and simultaneous FES of both lateral gastrocnemius and biceps femoris (FESLGBF), throughout the elliptical cycle. The 3-D knee moments, tibia kinematics, and footplate-reaction forces were compared between the baseline and the three FES stepping conditions. Healthy participants demonstrated lower pKAM during each of the three FES conditions compared to baseline (FESLG (p = 0.041), FESBF (p = 0.049), FESLGBF (p = 0.048)). Participants with KOA showed a trend of lower pKAM during FES, which was not statistically significant given the small sample available. Incorporating elliptical + FES as a training strategy is feasible and may help to enhance selective force generation of the targeted muscles and reduce the medial knee compartment loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Baghi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Gad Alon
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Giovanni Oppizzi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Subham Badhyal
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Peter Bowman
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Li-Qun Zhang
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Zhang Z, Xu D, Gao X, Liang M, Baker JS, Gu Y. The Effect of Different Degrees of Ankle Dorsiflexion Restriction on the Biomechanics of the Lower Extremity in Stop-Jumping. Appl Bionics Biomech 2024; 2024:9079982. [PMID: 39234300 PMCID: PMC11374426 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9079982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The functional status of the ankle joint is critical during dynamic movements in high-intensity sports like basketball and volleyball, particularly when performing actions such as stopping jumps. Limited ankle dorsiflexion is associated with increased injury risk and biomechanical changes during stop-jump tasks. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how restricting ankle dorsiflexion affects lower extremity biomechanics during the stop-jump phase, with a focus on the adaptive changes that occur in response to this restriction. Initially, 18 participants during stop-jumping with no wedge plate (NW), 10° wedge plate (10 W), and 20° wedge plate (20 W) using dominant leg data were collected to explore the relationship between limiting ankle mobility and lower extremity biomechanics. Following this, a musculoskeletal model was developed to simulate and calculate biomechanical data. Finally, one-dimensional parametric statistical mapping (SPM1D) was utilized to evaluate between-group variation in outcome variables using a one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results As the ankle restriction angle increased, knee external rotation angles, knee extension angular velocities, hip extension angle, and angular velocity increased and were significantly different at different ankle restriction angles (p < 0.001 and p=0.001), coactivation of the peripatellar muscles (BF/RF and BF/VM) increased progressively, and patellofemoral joint contact force (PTF) increased progressively during the 3%-8% phase (p=0.015). These results highlight the influence of ankle joint restriction on lower limb kinematics and patellofemoral joint loading during the stop-jump maneuver. Conclusion As the angle of ankle restriction increased, there was an increase in coactivation of the peripatellar muscles and an increase in PTF, possibly because a person is unable to adequately adjust their body for balance when the ankle valgus angle is restricted. The increased coactivation of the peripatellar muscles and increased patellofemoral contact force may be a compensatory response to the body's adaptation to balance adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanni Zhang
- Faculty of Sport Science Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sport Science Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Xiangli Gao
- Faculty of Sport Science Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Radiology Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sport Science Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Julien S Baker
- Faculty of Sport Science Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Radiology Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sport Science Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Radiology Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Gao X, Jie T, Xu D, Gál J, Fekete G, Liang M, Gu Y. Adaptive Adjustments in Lower Limb Muscle Coordination during Single-Leg Landing Tasks in Latin Dancers. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:489. [PMID: 39194468 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has primarily focused on evaluating the activity of individual muscles in dancers, often neglecting their synergistic interactions. Investigating the differences in lower limb muscle synergy during landing between dancers and healthy controls will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of their neuromuscular control patterns. This study enrolled 22 Latin dancers and 22 healthy participants, who performed a task involving landing from a 30 cm high platform. The data were collected using Vicon systems, force plates, and electromyography (EMG). The processed EMG data were subjected to non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF) for decomposition, followed by classification using K-means clustering algorithm and Pearson correlation coefficients. Three synergies were extracted for both Latin dancers and healthy participants. Synergy 1 showed increased contributions from the tibialis anterior (p < 0.001) and medial gastrocnemius (p = 0.024) in Latin dancers compared to healthy participants. Synergy 3 highlighted significantly greater contributions from the vastus lateralis in healthy participants compared to Latin dancers (p = 0.039). This study demonstrates that Latin dancers exhibit muscle synergies similar to those observed in healthy controls, revealing specific adjustments in the tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscles among dancers. This research illustrates how dancers optimize control strategies during landing tasks, offering a novel perspective for comprehensively understanding dancers' neuromuscular control patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tianle Jie
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8201 Veszprem, Hungary
| | - János Gál
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technologies, Politehnica University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gusztáv Fekete
- Department of Material Science and Technology, AUDI Hungária Faculty of Vehicle Engineering, Széchenyi István University, 9026 Győr, Hungary
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Jiang W, Chen C, Xu Y. Muscle structure predictors of vertical jump performance in elite male volleyball players: a cross-sectional study based on ultrasonography. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1427748. [PMID: 39139479 PMCID: PMC11319176 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1427748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this investigation is to examine the contribution of key muscle groups in the lower limbs to vertical jumping performance in elite male volleyball players. Specifically, the study focuses on the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), and lateral gastrocnemius (LG), as well as exploring differences between attack jump and other vertical jump types. Methods To achieve this, we employed B-mode ultrasound to evaluate the anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA), muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), and fascicle length (FL) of the RF, VL, and LG in the participants. Fifteen elite male volleyball players were recruited as participants for this study. Jump heights were measured for four types of vertical jumps: attack jump (AJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and drop jump (DJ). We conducted regression analyses to assess whether the previously mentioned muscle structures could predict jump performance. Results Our findings reveal that the muscle structure of the RF does not exhibit any significant correlation with the height of any jump. However, VL-ACSA displays a significant and the most potent predictive effect on jump height for all four jump types (AJ: R 2 = 0.32, p = 0.001; CMJ: R 2 = 0.37, p = 0.005; SJ: R 2 = 0.52, p = 0.001; DJ: R 2 = 0.25, p = 0.021). Conversely, LG-FL only demonstrates a significant and stronger predictive effect on AJ jump height (R 2 = 0.18, p = 0.009). Combining VL-ACSA, LG-FL, and training age through multiple linear regression analysis resulted in a highly significant model for predicting AJ jump height (F = 13.86, R 2 = 0.73). Moreover, the model incorporating VL-ACSA and training age is also important for predicting CMJ, SJ, and DJ jump heights (F = 8.41, R 2 = 0.51; F = 13.14, R 2 = 0.63; F = 5.95, R 2 = 0.41; respectively). Conclusion The muscle structure indicators in the lower limbs significantly predict jump performance among elite male volleyball players. However, different jump types are influenced by distinct indicators, particularly in the case of AJ, which is associated with LG-FL. This suggests that enhancing LG-FL may positively impact AJ ability, thereby emphasizing the importance of specificity in training. To optimize specialized jump performance in volleyball players, practitioners are advised to assess VL-ACSA and LG-FL and incorporate step-up and eccentric strength training targeting the calf muscles to yield considerable benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiDong Jiang
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Competitive Sports, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Xu
- Sports Biomechanics Laboratory, Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou Z, Zhou H, Jie T, Xu D, Teo EC, Wang M, Gu Y. Analysis of stress response distribution in patients with lateral ankle ligament injuries: a study of neural control strategies utilizing predictive computing models. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1438194. [PMID: 39113939 PMCID: PMC11303170 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1438194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ankle sprains are prevalent in sports, often causing complex injuries to the lateral ligaments. Among these, anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) injuries constitute 85%, and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) injuries comprise 35%. Despite conservative treatment, some ankle sprain patients develop chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). Thus, this study aimed to investigate stress response and neural control alterations during landing in lateral ankle ligament injury patients. Method This study recruited twenty individuals from a Healthy group and twenty CLAI patients performed a landing task using relevant instruments to collect biomechanical data. The study constructed a finite element (FE) foot model to examine stress responses in the presence of laxity of the lateral ankle ligaments. The lateral ankle ligament was modeled as a hyperelastic composite structure with a refined representation of collagen bundles and ligament laxity was simulated by adjusting material parameters. Finally, the validity of the finite element model is verified by a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system (DFIS). Result CLAI patients exhibited earlier Vastus medialis (p < 0.001) and tibialis anterior (p < 0.001) muscle activation during landing. The FE analysis revealed that with laxity in the ATFL, the peak von Mises stress in the fifth metatarsal was 20.74 MPa, while with laxity in the CFL, it was 17.52 MPa. However, when both ligaments were relaxed simultaneously, the peak von Mises stress surged to 21.93 MPa. When the ATFL exhibits laxity, the CFL is subjected to a higher stress of 3.84 MPa. Conversely, when the CFL displays laxity, the ATFL experiences a peak von Mises stress of 2.34 MPa. Conclusion This study found that changes in the laxity of the ATFL and the CFL are linked to shifts in metatarsal stress levels, potentially affecting ankle joint stability. These alterations may contribute to the progression towards CLAI in individuals with posterolateral ankle ligament injuries. Additionally, significant muscle activation pattern changes were observed in CLAI patients, suggesting altered neural control strategies post-ankle ligament injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianle Jie
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Ee-Chon Teo
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meizi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Vermeulen S, Bleecker CD, Spanhove V, Boone J, Willems T, Vanrenterghem J, Roosen P, Ridder RD. The Utility of High-Intensity, Intermittent Exercise Protocols to Induce Fatigue for Screening Purposes in Jump-Landing Sports. J Hum Kinet 2024; 93:69-80. [PMID: 39132418 PMCID: PMC11307179 DOI: 10.5114/jhk/183537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-term fatigue protocols simulating sports participation are scarce and not well-documented in jump-landing sports. Therefore, this study investigated physiological and physical responses following high-intensity, intermittent exercise protocols (HIIPs) with a standardized level of subjective exhaustion (Borg ≥18/20) and a modified fixed version of five circuits (HIIP-5) for future inclusion in biomechanical screening protocols. Twenty male volleyball and basketball players participated in this study to complete the HIIP and the HIIP-5. Physiological and physical variables were assessed before and up to 30 min after cessation of both protocols. Regarding physiological variables, heart rate values increased (+104 bpm, p < 0.001) and remained elevated up to 30 min (+34 bpm, p < 0.001), and blood lactate levels increased (+17 mmol/l, p < 0.001) compared to baseline. Regarding physical variables, decreased jump height (-4 cm, p = 0.001-0.009) and quadriceps muscle strength (p = 0.001-0.050) were observed up to 30 min compared to baseline. The type of the fatigue protocol did not have an effect on the investigated variables (p > 0.05). To conclude, both the HIIP and the HIIP-5 seem valuable tools to induce acute and long-lasting responses, providing a sufficiently large time window of 30 min within which biomechanical markers of injury can be assessed under fatigued conditions in future risk factor screenings. In practice, the fatigue protocol can be terminated after only five circuits if athletes had not yet been stopped at that point due to exhaustion (Borg ≥18/20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vermeulen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Camilla De Bleecker
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jan Boone
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tine Willems
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jos Vanrenterghem
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Roosen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roel De Ridder
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Ma S, Soh KG, Japar SB, Liu C, Luo S, Mai Y, Wang X, Zhai M. Effect of core strength training on the badminton player's performance: A systematic review & meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305116. [PMID: 38865415 PMCID: PMC11168634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Core strength training (CST) has been shown to improve performance in several sports disciplines. CST is recognized as one of the crucial elements that enhance athletic performance, particularly impacting badminton skills. Despite its popularity as a strength training method among badminton players, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the effectiveness of CST on the performance of these athletes. OBJECTIVE This study aims to ascertain CST's effects on badminton players' performance. METHOD This study followed PRISMA principles and conducted comprehensive searches in well-known academic databases (SCOPUS, Pubmed, CNKI, Web of Science, Core Collection, and EBSCOhost) up to August 2023. The inclusive criteria were established using the PICOS framework. Following their inclusion based on PICOS criteria, the selected studies underwent literature review and meta-analysis. The methodological quality of the assessments was evaluated using Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tools bias risk tools and recommendations for a graded assessment, development, and evaluation. RESULTS The analysis included participants aged 10-19 years from 13 studies of moderate quality, totaling 208 individuals. The CST intervention s lasted between 4 to 16 weeks, with a frequency of 1 to 4 sessions per week and each session lasting 20 to 120 minutes. Sample sizes across these studies ranged from 8 to 34 participants. According to the meta-analysis, CST significantly influenced badminton performance, particularly in areas of explosive power (ES = 0.03 P = 0.04), front-court skill (ES = 2.53, P = 0.003), and back-court skill (ES = 2.33, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION CST enhances badminton players' fitness (strength, power, balance, and stability), in situ (front/back-court) skills, and movement position hitting. However, its effects on speed, endurance, agility, flexibility, and coordination are unclear, revealing a research gap. The precise benefits of CST, especially on flexibility and specific hitting skills (smashes, clears, drives, net shots, crosscourt, push, and lift shots), need more investigation. Additionally, research on CST's impact on female athletes is significantly lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Ma
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Public Administration, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Salimah Binti Japar
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chunqing Liu
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shengyao Luo
- School of Physical Education and Arts, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yiqiang Mai
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mengze Zhai
- Physical Education Department, Tianjin Binhai Automotive Engineering Vocational College, Tianjin, China
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9
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Bedo BLS, Catelli DS, Moraes R, Pereira DR, Lamontagne M, Santiago PRP. Effect of fatigue on knee biomechanics during the sidestep cutting manoeuvre: A modelling approach. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:1120-1129. [PMID: 39093052 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2386206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Loading both lateral and medial compartments is crucial to understanding the effect of muscle fatigue during sidestep cutting. The present study investigated the changes in tibiofemoral contact forces in the medial and lateral compartments and the muscle force contributions during the sidestep-cutting manoeuvre after a handball-specific fatigue protocol. Twenty female handball athletes performed three trials of the sidestep-cutting manoeuvre before (baseline) and after the fatigue protocol. Motion capture and ground reaction forces were measured, and the data were processed in OpenSim. The variables were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM), with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a decreased knee flexion angle during fatigue in the early stance phase. In addition, the post-fatigue analysis demonstrated significantly reduced forces in vasti muscles. Similarly, during fatigue, the SPM analysis showed decreased tibiofemoral contact forces in the vertical and anterior directions. Vertical force applied to both medial and lateral condyles demonstrated a significant reduction after the fatigue protocol. These results indicated that forces applied to the tibiofemoral joint were reduced following the fatigue protocol compared to the baseline values. However, no consistent evidence exists that fatigue increases the risk of knee injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L S Bedo
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Sports Performance and Technology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Renato Moraes
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dayanne R Pereira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Sports Performance and Technology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo R P Santiago
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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10
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Xiao Z, Li C, Wang X, Guo J, Tian Q. Muscle Strength Identification Based on Isokinetic Testing and Spine Musculoskeletal Modeling. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2024; 5:0113. [PMID: 39040710 PMCID: PMC11261815 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Subject-specific spinal musculoskeletal modeling can help understand the spinal loading mechanism during human locomotion. However, existing literature lacks methods to identify the maximum isometric strength of individual spinal muscles. In this study, a muscle strength identification method combining isokinetic testing and musculoskeletal simulations was proposed, and the influence of muscle synergy and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on identified spinal muscle strength was further discussed. A multibody dynamic model of the spinal musculoskeletal system was established and controlled by a feedback controller. Muscle strength parameters were adjusted based on the measured isokinetic moments, and muscle synergy vectors and the IAP piston model were further introduced. The results of five healthy subjects showed that the proposed method successfully identified the subject-specific spinal flexor/extensor strength. Considering the synergistic activations of antagonist muscles improved the correlation between the simulated and measured spinal moments, and the introduction of IAP slightly increased the identified spinal extensor strength. The established method is beneficial for understanding spinal loading distributions for athletes and patients with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuming Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Li
- Professional and Technical Innovation Center for Exercise Diagnosis and Evaluation, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Professional and Technical Innovation Center for Exercise Diagnosis and Evaluation, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianqiao Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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11
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Xu D, Zhou H, Quan W, Ma X, Chon TE, Fernandez J, Gusztav F, Kovács A, Baker JS, Gu Y. New Insights Optimize Landing Strategies to Reduce Lower Limb Injury Risk. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2024; 5:0126. [PMID: 38778877 PMCID: PMC11109754 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-leg landing (SL) is often associated with a high injury risk, especially anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and lateral ankle sprain. This work investigates the relationship between ankle motion patterns (ankle initial contact angle [AICA] and ankle range of motion [AROM]) and the lower limb injury risk during SL, and proposes an optimized landing strategy that can reduce the injury risk. To more realistically revert and simulate the ACL injury mechanics, we developed a knee musculoskeletal model that reverts the ACL ligament to a nonlinear short-term viscoelastic mechanical mechanism (strain rate-dependent) generated by the dense connective tissue as a function of strain. Sixty healthy male subjects were recruited to collect biomechanics data during SL. The correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between AICA, AROM, and peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF), joint total energy dissipation (TED), peak ankle knee hip sagittal moment, peak ankle inversion angle (PAIA), and peak ACL force (PAF). AICA exhibits a negative correlation with PVGRF (r = -0.591) and PAF (r = -0.554), and a positive correlation with TED (r = 0.490) and PAIA (r = 0.502). AROM exhibits a positive correlation with TED (r = 0.687) and PAIA (r = 0.600). The results suggested that the appropriate increases in AICA (30° to 40°) and AROM (50° to 70°) may reduce the lower limb injury risk. This study has the potential to offer novel perspectives on the optimized application of landing strategies, thus giving the crucial theoretical basis for decreasing injury risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science,
Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science,
Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenjing Quan
- Faculty of Sports Science,
Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital,
Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Teo-Ee Chon
- Faculty of Sports Science,
Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute,
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science,
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fekete Gusztav
- Department of Material Science and Technology, Audi Hungaria Faculty of Automotive Engineering,
Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary
| | - András Kovács
- Faculty of Engineering,
University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Faculty of Sports Science,
Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Sport and Physical Education,
Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science,
Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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12
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Jie T, Xu D, Zhang Z, Teo EC, Baker JS, Zhou H, Gu Y. Structural and Organizational Strategies of Locomotor Modules during Landing in Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:518. [PMID: 38790384 PMCID: PMC11117571 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human locomotion involves the coordinated activation of a finite set of modules, known as muscle synergy, which represent the motor control strategy of the central nervous system. However, most prior studies have focused on isolated muscle activation, overlooking the modular organization of motor behavior. Therefore, to enhance comprehension of muscle coordination dynamics during multi-joint movements in chronic ankle instability (CAI), exploring muscle synergies during landing in CAI patients is imperative. METHODS A total of 22 patients with unilateral CAI and 22 healthy participants were recruited for this research. We employed a recursive model for second-order differential equations to process electromyographic (EMG) data after filtering preprocessing, generating the muscle activation matrix, which was subsequently inputted into the non-negative matrix factorization model for extraction of the muscle synergy. Muscle synergies were classified utilizing the K-means clustering algorithm and Pearson correlation coefficients. Statistical parameter mapping (SPM) was employed for temporal modular parameter analyses. RESULTS Four muscle synergies were identified in both the CAI and healthy groups. In Synergy 1, only the gluteus maximus showed significantly higher relative weight in CAI compared to healthy controls (p = 0.0035). Synergy 2 showed significantly higher relative weights for the vastus lateralis in the healthy group compared to CAI (p = 0.018), while in Synergy 4, CAI demonstrated significantly higher relative weights of the vastus lateralis compared to healthy controls (p = 0.030). Furthermore, in Synergy 2, the CAI group exhibited higher weights of the tibialis anterior compared to the healthy group (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS The study suggested that patients with CAI exhibit a comparable modular organizational framework to the healthy group. Investigation of amplitude adjustments within the synergy spatial module shed light on the adaptive strategies employed by the tibialis anterior and gluteus maximus muscles to optimize control strategies during landing in patients with CAI. Variances in the muscle-specific weights of the vastus lateralis across movement modules reveal novel biomechanical adaptations in CAI, offering valuable insights for refining rehabilitation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Jie
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8201 Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Zanni Zhang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ee-Chon Teo
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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13
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Liu T, Dimitrov A, Jomha N, Adeeb S, El-Rich M, Westover L. Development and validation of a novel ankle joint musculoskeletal model. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024; 62:1395-1407. [PMID: 38194185 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-023-03010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
An improved understanding of contact mechanics in the ankle joint is paramount for implant design and ankle disorder treatment. However, existing models generally simplify the ankle joint as a revolute joint that cannot predict contact characteristics. The current study aimed to develop a novel musculoskeletal ankle joint model that can predict contact in the ankle joint, together with muscle and joint reaction forces. We modelled the ankle joint as a multi-axial joint and simulated contact mechanics between the tibia, fibula and talus bones in OpenSim. The developed model was validated with results from experimental studies through passive stiffness and contact. Through this, we found a similar ankle moment-rotation relationship and contact pattern between our study and experimental studies. Next, the musculoskeletal ankle joint model was incorporated into a lower body model to simulate gait. The ankle joint contact characteristics, kinematics, and muscle forces were predicted and compared to the literature. Our results revealed a comparable peak contact force and the same muscle activation patterns in four major muscles. Good agreement was also found in ankle dorsi/plantar-flexion and inversion/eversion. Thus, the developed model was able to accurately model the ankle joint and can be used to predict contact characteristics in gait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Andrea Dimitrov
- School of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nadr Jomha
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Samer Adeeb
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marwan El-Rich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lindsey Westover
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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14
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Koshio T, Haraguchi N, Takahashi T, Hara Y, Hase K. Estimation of Ground Reaction Forces during Sports Movements by Sensor Fusion from Inertial Measurement Units with 3D Forward Dynamics Model. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2706. [PMID: 38732811 PMCID: PMC11086360 DOI: 10.3390/s24092706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Rotational jumps are crucial techniques in sports competitions. Estimating ground reaction forces (GRFs), a constituting component of jumps, through a biomechanical model-based approach allows for analysis, even in environments where force plates or machine learning training data would be impossible. In this study, rotational jump movements involving twists on land were measured using inertial measurement units (IMUs), and GRFs and body loads were estimated using a 3D forward dynamics model. Our forward dynamics and optimization calculation-based estimation method generated and optimized body movements using cost functions defined by motion measurements and internal body loads. To reduce the influence of dynamic acceleration in the optimization calculation, we estimated the 3D orientation using sensor fusion, comprising acceleration and angular velocity data from IMUs and an extended Kalman filter. As a result, by generating cost function-based movements, we could calculate biomechanically valid GRFs while following the measured movements, even if not all joints were covered by IMUs. The estimation approach we developed in this study allows for measurement condition- or training data-independent 3D motion analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Koshio
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 191-0065, Japan; (N.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (K.H.)
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15
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Sharabi M, Agron R, Dolev A, Haj-Ali R, Yassin M. Predictive Refined Computational Modeling of ACL Tear Injury Patterns. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:413. [PMID: 38790281 PMCID: PMC11118060 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are prevalent knee injuries, with approximately 200,000 ruptures annually, and treatment costs exceed USD two billion in the United States alone. Typically, the initial detection of ACL tears and anterior tibial laxity (ATL) involves manual assessments like the Lachman test, which examines anterior knee laxity. Partial ACL tears can go unnoticed if they minimally affect knee laxity; however, they will progress to a complete ACL tear requiring surgical treatment. In this study, a computational finite element model (FEM) of the knee joint was generated to investigate the effect of partial ACL tears under the Lachman test (GNRB® testing system) boundary conditions. The ACL was modeled as a hyperelastic composite structure with a refined representation of collagen bundles. Five different tear types (I-V), classified by location and size, were modeled to predict the relationship between tear size, location, and anterior tibial translation (ATT). The results demonstrated different levels of ATT that could not be manually detected. Type I tears demonstrated an almost linear increase in ATT, with the growth in tear size ranging from 3.7 mm to 4.2 mm, from 25% to 85%, respectively. Type II partial tears showed a less linear incline in ATT (3.85, 4.1, and 4.75 mm for 25%, 55%, and 85% partial tears, respectively). Types III, IV, and V maintained a nonlinear trend, with ATTs of 3.85 mm, 4.2 mm, and 4.95 mm for Type III, 3.85 mm, 4.25 mm, and 5.1 mm for Type IV, and 3.6 mm, 4.25 mm, and 5.3 mm for Type V, for 25%, 55%, and 85% partial tears, respectively. Therefore, for small tears (25%), knee stability was most affected when the tears were located around the center of the ligament. For moderate tears (55%), the effect on knee stability was the greatest for tears at the proximal half of the ACL. However, severe tears (85%) demonstrated considerable growth in knee instability from the distal to the proximal ends of the tissue, with a substantial increase in knee instability around the insertion sites. The proposed model can enhance the characterization of partial ACL tears, leading to more accurate preliminary diagnoses. It can aid in developing new techniques for repairing partially torn ACLs, potentially preventing more severe injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirit Sharabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel;
| | - Raz Agron
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel;
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Amir Dolev
- Department of Orthopedics, HaSharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49372, Israel; (A.D.); (M.Y.)
| | - Rami Haj-Ali
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Mustafa Yassin
- Department of Orthopedics, HaSharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva 49372, Israel; (A.D.); (M.Y.)
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16
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Gao X, Xu D, Baker JS, Ee-Chon T, Liang M, Gu Y. Exploring biomechanical variations in ankle joint injuries among Latin dancers with different stance patterns: utilizing OpenSim musculoskeletal models. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1359337. [PMID: 38659647 PMCID: PMC11039862 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1359337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Dancers represent the primary demographic affected by ankle joint injuries. In certain movements, some Latin dancers prefer landing on the Forefoot (FT), while others prefer landing on the Entire foot (ET). Different stance patterns can have varying impacts on dancers' risk of ankle joint injuries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in lower limb biomechanics between Forefoot (FT) dancers and Entire foot (ET) dancers. Method: A group of 21 FT dancers (mean age 23.50 (S.D. 1.12) years) was compared to a group of 21 ET dancers (mean age 23.33 (S.D. 0.94) years), performing the kicking movements of the Jive in response to the corresponding music. We import data collected from Vicon and force plates into OpenSim to establish musculoskeletal models for computing kinematics, dynamics, muscle forces, and muscle co-activation. Result: In the sagittal plane: ankle angle (0%-100%, p < 0.001), In the coronal plane: ankle angle (0%-9.83%, p = 0.001) (44.34%-79.52%, p = 0.003), (88.56%-100%, p = 0.037), ankle velocity (3.73%-11.65%, p = 0.017) (94.72-100%, p = 0.031); SPM analysis revealed that FT dancers exhibited significantly smaller muscle force than ET dancers around the ankle joint during the stance phase. Furthermore, FT dancers displayed reduced co-activation compared to ET dancers around the ankle joint during the descending phase, while demonstrating higher co-activation around the knee joint than ET dancers. Conclusion: This study biomechanically demonstrates that in various stance patterns within Latin dance, a reduction in lower limb stance area leads to weakened muscle strength and reduced co-activation around the ankle joint, and results in increased ankle inversion angles and velocities, thereby heightening the risk of ankle sprains. Nevertheless, the increased co-activation around the knee joint in FT dancers may be a compensatory response for reducing the lower limb stance area in order to maintain stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | | | - Teo Ee-Chon
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Radiology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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17
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Joo Y, Choi W, Jung J, Kim H, Park S, Lee S, Lee S. Does Radial Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy Applied to the Achilles Tendon Influence Ankle Functionality? J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:67. [PMID: 38651425 PMCID: PMC11036220 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9020067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy (rESWT) in enhancing ankle function in patients with Achilles tendon injuries. The choice of rESWT was based on previous success in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. The study involved an intervention group that received rESWT, and a control group that received sham therapy. The results revealed that rESWT led to significant improvements in single-leg vertical jump (d = 0.55, p < 0.05), indicating enhanced power generation and ankle functionality that were not observed in the control group. Additionally, the therapy resulted in increased ankle mobility, as observed by improvements in plantar flexion and heel-rise tests. Interestingly, these functional gains were not accompanied by changes in the Achilles tendon stiffness, suggesting that the benefits of rESWT may be more functional than structural. This study highlights rESWT as a promising tool for rehabilitation, particularly following Achilles tendon injuries. The study concluded that, although rESWT appears to improve certain aspects of ankle function, further studies with a larger and more diverse population over a longer period are necessary to confirm these findings and establish comprehensive treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younglan Joo
- Minimal Pilates & Move, PH 24, UN Village-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04420, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Choi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Joongbu University, 201, Daehak-ro, Chubu-myeon, Geumsan 32713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Jung
- Institute of SMART Rehabilitation, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoong Kim
- Department of Senior Exercise Prescription, Gwangju Health University, 73, Bungmun-daero 419beon-gil, Gwangju 62287, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeon Park
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbong Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Lee
- Institute of SMART Rehabilitation, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, 815, Hwarang-ro, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zhou H, Xu D, Quan W, Ugbolue UC, Zhou Z, Gu Y. Can the Entire Function of the Foot Be Concentrated in the Forefoot Area during the Running Stance Phase? A Finite Element Study of Different Shoe Soles. J Hum Kinet 2024; 92:5-17. [PMID: 38736608 PMCID: PMC11079938 DOI: 10.5114/jhk/174311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to use the finite element (FE) method to compare and study the differences between bionic shoes (BS) and normal shoes (NS) forefoot strike patterns when running. In addition, we separated the forefoot area when forefoot running as a way to create a small and independent area of instability. An adult male of Chinese descent was recruited for this investigation (age: 26 years old; body height: 185 cm; body mass: 82 kg) (forefoot strike patterns). We analyzed forefoot running under two different conditions through FE analysis, and used bone stress distribution feature classification and recognition for further analysis. The metatarsal stress values in forefoot strike patterns with BS were less than with NS. Additionally, the bone stress classification of features and the recognition accuracy rate of metatarsal (MT) 2, MT3 and MT5 were higher than other foot bones in the first 5%, 10%, 20% and 50% of nodes. BS forefoot running helped reduce the probability of occurrence of metatarsal stress fractures. In addition, the findings further revealed that BS may have important implications for the prevention of hallux valgus, which may be more effective in adolescent children. Finally, this study presents a post-processing method for FE results, which is of great significance for further understanding and exploration of FE results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, UK
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Wenjing Quan
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, UK
| | - Zhanyi Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Radiology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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19
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Inclan PM, Hicks JJ, Retzky JS, Janosky JJ, Pearle AD. Team Approach: Neuromuscular Training for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. JBJS Rev 2024; 12:e23.00207. [PMID: 38994007 PMCID: PMC11236273 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Neuromuscular training is a method of performance optimization-typically combining plyometrics, balancing training, agility, and dynamic stabilization-predicated on improving the efficiency of fundamental movement patterns. Neuromuscular training has consistently been shown to reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury, particularly for athletes engaged in activities associated with noncontact knee injuries (i.e., women's soccer). Successful implementation of neuromuscular training programs requires input from coaches, physical therapists, athletic trainers, and physicians to generate efficacious programs with high rates of adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Inclan
- Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Justin J Hicks
- Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Julia S Retzky
- Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Joseph J Janosky
- Department of Athlete Health, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Andrew D Pearle
- Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
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20
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Fiori L, Castiglia SF, Chini G, Draicchio F, Sacco F, Serrao M, Tatarelli A, Varrecchia T, Ranavolo A. The Lower Limb Muscle Co-Activation Map during Human Locomotion: From Slow Walking to Running. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:288. [PMID: 38534562 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) controls movements and regulates joint stiffness with muscle co-activation, but until now, few studies have examined muscle pairs during running. This study aims to investigate differences in lower limb muscle coactivation during gait at different speeds, from walking to running. Nineteen healthy runners walked and ran at speeds ranging from 0.8 km/h to 9.3 km/h. Twelve lower limb muscles' co-activation was calculated using the time-varying multi-muscle co-activation function (TMCf) with global, flexor-extension, and rostro-caudal approaches. Spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters were also measured. We found that TMCf, spatiotemporal, and kinematic parameters were significantly affected by gait speed for all approaches. Significant differences were observed in the main parameters of each co-activation approach and in the spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters at the transition between walking and running. In particular, significant differences were observed in the global co-activation (CIglob, main effect F(1,17) = 641.04, p < 0.001; at the transition p < 0.001), the stride length (main effect F(1,17) = 253.03, p < 0.001; at the transition p < 0.001), the stride frequency (main effect F(1,17) = 714.22, p < 0.001; at the transition p < 0.001) and the Center of Mass displacement in the vertical (CoMy, main effect F(1,17) = 426.2, p < 0.001; at the transition p < 0.001) and medial-lateral (CoMz, main effect F(1,17) = 120.29 p < 0.001; at the transition p < 0.001) directions. Regarding the correlation analysis, the CoMy was positively correlated with a higher CIglob (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHMglob, r = -0.83, p < 0.001), whereas the CoMz was positively correlated with the global Center of Activity (CoAglob, r = 0.97, p < 0.001). Positive and negative strong correlations were found between global co-activation parameters and center of mass displacements, as well as some spatiotemporal parameters, regardless of gait speed. Our findings suggest that walking and running have different co-activation patterns and kinematic characteristics, with the whole-limb stiffness exerted more synchronously and stably during running. The co-activation indexes and kinematic parameters could be the result of global co-activation, which is a sensory-control integration process used by the CNS to deal with more demanding and potentially unstable tasks like running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Fiori
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
- Behavioral Neuroscience PhD Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Viale dell'Università 30, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Filippo Castiglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Via Franco Faggiana 1668, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Draicchio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Floriana Sacco
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Serrao
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Via Franco Faggiana 1668, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Antonella Tatarelli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiwana Varrecchia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ranavolo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
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Ou D, Ye Y, Pan J, Huang Y, Kuang H, Tang S, Huang R, Mo Y, Pan S. Anterior cruciate ligament injury should not be considered a contraindication for medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Finite element analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299649. [PMID: 38470904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The research objective of this study is to use finite element analysis to investigate the impact of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and explore whether patients with ACL injuries can undergo UKA. METHODS Based on the morphology of the ACL, models of ACL with diameters ranging from 1 to 10mm are created. Finite element models of UKA include ACL absence and ACLs with different diameters. After creating a complete finite element model and validating it, four different types of loads are applied to the knee joint. Statistical analysis is conducted to assess the stress variations in the knee joint structure. RESULTS A total of 11 finite element models of UKA were established. Regarding the stress on the ACL, as the diameter of the ACL increased, when a vertical load of 750N was applied to the femur, combined with an anterior tibial load of 105N, the stress on the ACL increased from 2.61 MPa to 4.62 MPa, representing a 77.05% increase. Regarding the equivalent stress on the polyethylene gasket, a notable high stress change was observed. The stress on the gasket remained between 12.68 MPa and 14.33 MPa in all models. the stress on the gasket demonstrated a decreasing trend. The equivalent stress in the lateral meniscus and lateral femoral cartilage decreases, reducing from the maximum stress of 4.71 MPa to 2.61 MPa, with a mean value of 3.73 MPa. This represents a reduction of 44.72%, and the statistical significance is (P < 0.05). However, under the other three loads, there was no significant statistical significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that the integrity of the ACL plays a protective role in performing medial UKA. However, this protective effect is limited when performing medial UKA. When the knee joint only has varying degrees of ACL injury, even ACL rupture, and the remaining structures of the knee joint are intact with anterior-posterior stability in the knee joint, it should not be considered a contraindication for medial UKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Ou
- Department of Limb and Joint Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yongqing Ye
- Department of Medical Imaging Department, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jingwei Pan
- Department of Spine Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Spine Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Haisheng Kuang
- Department of Limb and Joint Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Shilin Tang
- Department of Spine Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Richao Huang
- Department of Limb and Joint Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yongxin Mo
- Department of Limb and Joint Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Shixin Pan
- Department of Spine Ward, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
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22
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Shu X, Yu H, Zhou Y, Zhou S, Chen B. Clinical study on low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of walking dysfunction following stroke through three-dimensional gait analysis. Psychogeriatrics 2024; 24:182-194. [PMID: 38168071 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recovery of walking capacity is of great significance in stroke rehabilitation. We evaluated changes in post-stroke gait function after low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) treatment. METHODS Stroke patients were randomly assigned to control (conventional treatment)/LF-rTMS (LF-rTMS treatment based on conventional treatment) groups. Gait spatiotemporal parameters/affected side joint motion angle/affected side dynamic parameters were analyzed by 3D gait analyses. Motor evoked potential (MEP)/central motor conduction time (CMCT) changes were detected. Correlations between MEP latency/CMCT and gait parameters after LF-rTMS were analyzed by Pearson analysis. RESULTS The two groups exhibited boosted stride speed/frequency/length, affected side stride length/swing phase percentage/hip/knee/ankle joint plantar flexion angle, and affected side ahead ground reaction force/ upward ground reaction force (AGRF/UGRF)/ankle joint plantar flexion moment, along with reduced affected side gait period/stance phase percentage after treatment, and the LF-rTMS group manifested better efficacy. MEP latency/CMCT of stroke patients treated with LF-rTMS was adversely linked to stride speed, affected side stride length/swing phase percentage/knee flexion angle, AGRF and UGRF, and positively correlated with affected side stance phase percentage. CONCLUSION LF-rTMS significantly improved gait spatiotemporal parameters/affected joint motion angles/neurophysiologic parameters (MEP latency/CMCT) in patients with post-stroke walking dysfunction. MEP latency/CMCT after LF-rTMS treatment were prominently correlated with gait parameters. Relative to the traditional scale assessment, we provided a more accurate, objective and reliable evaluation of the effects of LF-rTMS on lower limb mobility and functional recovery effects in stroke patients from the perspective of 3D gait analysis and neurophysiology, which provided more evidence to support the clinical application of LF-rTMS in post-stroke walking dysfunction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Shu
- Rehabilitation Assessment and Treatment Centre, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Centre, Hang Zhou, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Rehabilitation Assessment and Treatment Centre, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Centre, Hang Zhou, China
| | - Yuda Zhou
- Rehabilitation Assessment and Treatment Centre, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Centre, Hang Zhou, China
| | - Siwei Zhou
- Department of Elderly Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Centre, Hang Zhou, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Rehabilitation Assessment and Treatment Centre, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Centre, Hang Zhou, China
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23
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Arefin MS, Chieh HF, Lin CJ, Lin CF, Su FC. Influence of altered torsional stiffness through sole modification of air pressure shoes on lower extremity biomechanical behaviour during side-step cutting maneuvers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297592. [PMID: 38422014 PMCID: PMC10903810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Directional changes in cutting maneuvers are critical in sports, where shoe torsional stiffness (STS) is an important factor. Shoes are designed based on different constructions and movement patterns. Hence, it is unclear how adjustable spacers into the sole constructions of air pressure chambers (APC) affect the STS in side-step cutting. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of altered STS through adjustable sole spacers on ground reaction force (GRF) and ankle and knee joint moments in side-step cutting. Seventeen healthy recreational athletes performed side-step cutting with experimental conditions including (i) barefoot (BF), (ii) unaltered shoes (UAS): soles consisting of APC, and (iii) altered shoes (AS): modified UAS by inserting elastomeric spacers into cavities formed by APC. Mechanical and biomechanical variables were measured. Significant differences were revealed across shoe conditions for impact peak (p = 0.009) and impulse (p = 0.018) in vertical GRF, time to achieve peak braking (p = 0.004), and peak propulsion (p = 0.025) for anterior-posterior GRF in ANOVA test. No significant differences were observed in GRF peaks and impulses between UAS and AS except for a trend of differences in impact peak (p = 0.087) for vertical GRF. At the ankle and knee joint, peak ankle power absorption (p = 0.019), peak knee internal rotation moment (p = 0.042), peak knee extension moment (p = 0.001), peak knee flexion moment (0.000), peak knee power absorption (p = 0.047) showed significant difference across three shoe conditions. However, no significant differences between the UAS and AS were noticed for peak joint moments and power. Altered shoe torsional stiffness did not significantly affect the peak forces and peak ankle and knee joint moments or powers; hence sole adjustment did not influence the cutting performance. This study might be insightful in sports footwear design, and adjusting shoe torsional stiffness by sole modification might be advantageous for athletes playing sports with cutting maneuvers to reduce the risk of injuries by controlling the twisting force at the ankle that frequently happens during cutting maneuvers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Samsul Arefin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Hsiao-Feng Chieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ju Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Feng Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Chin Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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24
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Xu D, Zhou H, Quan W, Ugbolue UC, Gusztav F, Gu Y. A new method applied for explaining the landing patterns: Interpretability analysis of machine learning. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26052. [PMID: 38370177 PMCID: PMC10869904 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of many fundamental sports techniques, the landing maneuver is also frequently used in clinical injury screening and diagnosis. However, the landing patterns are different under different constraints, which will cause great difficulties for clinical experts in clinical diagnosis. Machine learning (ML) have been very successful in solving a variety of clinical diagnosis tasks, but they all have the disadvantage of being black boxes and rarely provide and explain useful information about the reasons for making a particular decision. The current work validates the feasibility of applying an explainable ML (XML) model constructed by Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) for landing pattern recognition in clinical biomechanics. This study collected 560 groups landing data. By incorporating these landing data into the XML model as input signals, the prediction results were interpreted based on the relevance score (RS) derived from LRP. The interpretation obtained from XML was evaluated comprehensively from the statistical perspective based on Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) and Effect Size. The RS has excellent statistical characteristics in the interpretation of landing patterns between classes, and also conforms to the clinical characteristics of landing pattern recognition. The current work highlights the applicability of XML methods that can not only satisfy the traditional decision problem between classes, but also largely solve the lack of transparency in landing pattern recognition. We provide a feasible framework for realizing interpretability of ML decision results in landing analysis, providing a methodological reference and solid foundation for future clinical diagnosis and biomechanical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datao Xu
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenjing Quan
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Fekete Gusztav
- Vehicle Industry Research Center, Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Radiology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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25
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Han X, Nishida N, Morita M, Sakai T, Jiang Z. Compensation Method for Missing and Misidentified Skeletons in Nursing Care Action Assessment by Improving Spatial Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:127. [PMID: 38391613 PMCID: PMC10886177 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing aging population, nursing care providers have been facing a substantial risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Visual-based pose estimation methods, like OpenPose, are commonly used for ergonomic posture risk assessment. However, these methods face difficulty when identifying overlapping and interactive nursing tasks, resulting in missing and misidentified skeletons. To address this, we propose a skeleton compensation method using improved spatial temporal graph convolutional networks (ST-GCN), which integrates kinematic chain and action features to assess skeleton integrity and compensate for it. The results verified the effectiveness of our approach in optimizing skeletal loss and misidentification in nursing care tasks, leading to improved accuracy in calculating both skeleton joint angles and REBA scores. Moreover, comparative analysis against other skeleton compensation methods demonstrated the superior performance of our approach, achieving an 87.34% REBA accuracy score. Collectively, our method might hold promising potential for optimizing the skeleton loss and misidentification in nursing care tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube City 755-0097, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Norihiro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube City 755-8505, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Minoru Morita
- Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube City 755-0097, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube City 755-8505, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Zhongwei Jiang
- Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube City 755-0097, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan
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26
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Xu D, Zhou H, Quan W, Jiang X, Liang M, Li S, Ugbolue UC, Baker JS, Gusztav F, Ma X, Chen L, Gu Y. A new method proposed for realizing human gait pattern recognition: Inspirations for the application of sports and clinical gait analysis. Gait Posture 2024; 107:293-305. [PMID: 37926657 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding the best subset of gait features among biomechanical variables is considered very important because of its ability to identify relevant sports and clinical gait pattern differences to be explored under specific study conditions. This study proposes a new method of metaheuristic optimization-based selection of optimal gait features, and then investigates how much contribution the selected gait features can achieve in gait pattern recognition. METHODS Firstly, 800 group gait datasets performed feature extraction to initially eliminate redundant variables. Then, the metaheuristic optimization algorithm model was performed to select the optimal gait feature, and four classification algorithm models were used to recognize the selected gait feature. Meanwhile, the accuracy results were compared with two widely used feature selection methods and previous studies to verify the validity of the new method. Finally, the final selected features were used to reconstruct the data waveform to interpret the biomechanical meaning of the gait feature. RESULTS The new method finalized 10 optimal gait features (6 ankle-related and 4-related knee features) based on the extracted 36 gait features (85 % variable explanation) by feature extraction. The accuracy in gait pattern recognition among the optimal gait features selected by the new method (99.81 % ± 0.53 %) was significantly higher than that of the feature-based sorting of effect size (94.69 % ± 2.68 %), the sequential forward selection (95.59 % ± 2.38 %), and the results of previous study. The interval between reconstructed waveform-high and reconstructed waveform-low curves based on the selected feature was larger during the whole stance phase. SIGNIFICANCE The selected gait feature based on the proposed new method (metaheuristic optimization-based selection) has a great contribution to gait pattern recognition. Sports and clinical gait pattern recognition can benefit from population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques. The metaheuristic optimization algorithms are expected to provide a practical and elegant solution for sports and clinical biomechanical feature selection with better economy and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Szombathely, Hungary; Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, UK
| | - Wenjing Quan
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Szombathely, Hungary; Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Xinyan Jiang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Faculty of Health and Safety, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shudong Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, UK
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fekete Gusztav
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Szombathely, Hungary; Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary; Vehicle Industry Research Center, Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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27
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Xu D, Zhou H, Quan W, Gusztav F, Baker JS, Gu Y. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model driven by the non-negative matrix factorization-extracted muscle synergy patterns to estimate lower limb joint movements. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 242:107848. [PMID: 37863010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE For patients with movement disorders, the main clinical focus is on exercise rehabilitation to help recover lost motor function, which is achieved by relevant assisted equipment. The basis for seamless control of the assisted equipment is to achieve accurate inference of the user's movement intentions in the human-machine interface. This study proposed a novel movement intention detection technology for estimating lower limb joint continuous kinematic variables following muscle synergy patterns, to develop applications for more efficient assisted rehabilitation training. METHODS This study recruited 16 healthy males and 16 male patients with symptomatic patellar tendinopathy (VISA-P: 59.1 ± 8.7). The surface electromyography of 12 muscles and lower limb joint kinematic and kinetic data from healthy subjects and patients during step-off landings from 30 cm-high stair steps were collected. We subsequently solved the preprocessed data based on the established recursive model of second-order differential equation to obtain the muscle activation matrix, and then imported it into the non-negative matrix factorization model to obtain the muscle synergy matrix. Finally, the lower limb neuromuscular synergy pattern was then imported into the developed adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system non-linear regression model to estimate the human movement intention during this movement pattern. RESULTS Six muscle synergies were determined to construct the muscle synergy pattern driven ANFIS model. Three fuzzy rules were determined in most estimation cases. Combining the results of the four error indicators across the estimated variables indicates that the current model has excellent estimated performance in estimating lower limb joint movement. The estimation errors between the healthy (Angle: R2=0.98±0.03; Torque: R2=0.96±0.04) and patient (Angle: R2=0.98±0.02; Torque: R2=0.96±0.03) groups are consistent. CONCLUSION The proposed model of this study can accurately and reliably estimate lower limb joint movements, and the effectiveness will also be radiated to the patient group. This revealed that our models also have certain advantages in the recognition of motor intentions in patients with relevant movement disorders. Future work from this study can be focused on sports rehabilitation in the clinical field by achieving more flexible and precise movement control of the lower limb assisted equipment to help the rehabilitation of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8201, Hungary; Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely 9700, Hungary
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland G72 0LH, United Kingdom
| | - Wenjing Quan
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8201, Hungary; Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely 9700, Hungary
| | - Fekete Gusztav
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8201, Hungary; Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely 9700, Hungary
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Gao X, Xu D, Li F, Baker JS, Li J, Gu Y. Biomechanical Analysis of Latin Dancers' Lower Limb during Normal Walking. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1128. [PMID: 37892858 PMCID: PMC10604096 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Latin dance involves fundamental walking steps, integral to the dance process. While resembling daily walking, Latin dance demands higher balance levels, necessitating body adjustments by dancers. These adaptations affect dancers' gait biomechanics, prompting our study on gait differences between Latin dancers (LDs) and non-dancers (NDs). We enlisted 21 female Latin dancers and 21 subjects based on specific criteria. Participants executed walking tasks, with an independent sample t-test for 1-dimensional statistical parameter mapping (SPM 1d) analyzing stance phase variations between LDs and NDs. Notably, significant differences in ankle and hip external rotation were evident during the 16.43-29.47% (p = 0.015) and 86.35-100% (p = 0.014) stance phase. Moreover, pronounced distinctions in rectus Achilles tendon force (ATF) (12.83-13.10%, p = 0.049; 15.89-80.19%, p < 0.001) and Patellofemoral joint contact force (PTF) (15.85-18.31%, p = 0.039; 21.14-24.71%, p = 0.030) during stance were noted between LDs (Latin dancers) and NDs (Non-dancers). The study revealed dancers' enhanced balance attributed to external ankle rotation for dance stability, coupled with augmented Achilles tendon and patellofemoral joint strength from prolonged practice. Moreover, integrating suitable Latin dance into rehabilitation may benefit those with internal rotation gait issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8201 Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Fengfeng Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.G.); (D.X.); (F.L.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6724 Szeged, Hungary
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