1
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Hengsbach R, Fink G, Simon U. 1H-NMR studies on the volume phase transition of DNA-modified pNipmam microgels. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:330-337. [PMID: 38087892 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
DNA functionalized pNipmam microgels, which have recently been introduced, are examined at different concentrations of sodium chloride and in PBS solutions via temperature dependent 1H-NMR measurements and are compared to pure pNipmam microgels. We show that the DNA modification shifts the volume phase transition temperature towards lower temperatures and the addition of salt and PBS further supports this effect in both materials. Thermodynamic values, i.e. enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy, are determined via a non-linear fit which can be applied directly to the measurement data without further linearization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hengsbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Fink
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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2
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Lukáš Petrova S, Vragović M, Pavlova E, Černochová Z, Jäger A, Jäger E, Konefał R. Smart Poly(lactide)- b-poly(triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PLA- b-PTEGMA) Block Copolymers: One-Pot Synthesis, Temperature Behavior, and Controlled Release of Paclitaxel. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041191. [PMID: 37111676 PMCID: PMC10143907 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper introduces a new class of amphiphilic block copolymers created by combining two polymers: polylactic acid (PLA), a biocompatible and biodegradable hydrophobic polyester used for cargo encapsulation, and a hydrophilic polymer composed of oligo ethylene glycol chains (triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate, TEGMA), which provides stability and repellent properties with added thermo-responsiveness. The PLA-b-PTEGMA block copolymers were synthesized using ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization (ROP-RAFT), resulting in varying ratios between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks. Standard techniques, such as size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and 1H NMR spectroscopy, were used to characterize the block copolymers, while 1H NMR spectroscopy, 2D nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to analyze the effect of the hydrophobic PLA block on the LCST of the PTEGMA block in aqueous solutions. The results show that the LCST values for the block copolymers decreased with increasing PLA content in the copolymer. The selected block copolymer presented LCST transitions at physiologically relevant temperatures, making it suitable for manufacturing nanoparticles (NPs) and drug encapsulation-release of the chemotherapeutic paclitaxel (PTX) via temperature-triggered drug release mechanism. The drug release profile was found to be temperature-dependent, with PTX release being sustained at all tested conditions, but substantially accelerated at 37 and 40 °C compared to 25 °C. The NPs were stable under simulated physiological conditions. These findings demonstrate that the addition of hydrophobic monomers, such as PLA, can tune the LCST temperatures of thermo-responsive polymers, and that PLA-b-PTEGMA copolymers have great potential for use in drug and gene delivery systems via temperature-triggered drug release mechanisms in biomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Lukáš Petrova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vragović
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zulfiya Černochová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandro Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliézer Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Rengifo J, Zschoche S, Voit B, Carlos Rueda J. Synthesis and characterization of new interpenetrated hydrogels from N-isopropylacrylamide, 2-oxazoline macromonomer and acrylamide. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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4
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NVCL-Based Hydrogels and Composites for Biomedical Applications: Progress in the Last Ten Years. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094722. [PMID: 35563114 PMCID: PMC9103572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels consist of three-dimensionally crosslinked polymeric chains, are hydrophilic, have the ability to absorb other molecules in their structure and are relatively easy to obtain. However, in order to improve some of their properties, usually mechanical, or to provide them with some physical, chemical or biological characteristics, hydrogels have been synthesized combined with other synthetic or natural polymers, filled with inorganic nanoparticles, metals, and even polymeric nanoparticles, giving rise to composite hydrogels. In general, different types of hydrogels have been synthesized; however, in this review, we refer to those obtained from the thermosensitive polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) and we focus on the definition, properties, synthesis techniques, nanomaterials used as fillers in composites and mainly applications of PNVCL-based hydrogels in the biomedical area. This type of material has great potential in biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, as antimicrobials and in diagnostic and bioimaging.
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5
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Xu J, Abetz V. Synthesis of a Degradable Hydrogel Based on a Graft Copolymer with Unexpected Thermoresponsiveness. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingcong Xu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Universität Hamburg Grindelallee 117 Hamburg 20146 Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Universität Hamburg Grindelallee 117 Hamburg 20146 Germany
- Institute of Membrane Research Helmholtz‐Zentrum Hereon Max‐Planck‐Straße 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany
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6
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Okamoto Y, Higashi K, Morita T, Ueda K, Mukaide S, Takeda J, Karashima M, Ikeda Y, Moribe K. Nanostructure and Molecular-Level Characterization of Aminoalkyl Methacrylate Copolymer and the Impact on Drug Solubilization Ability. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4111-4121. [PMID: 34641686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of pH changes and saccharin (SAC) addition on the nanostructure and mobility of the cationic aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer Eudragit E PO (EUD-E) and its drug solubilization ability were investigated. Small-angle X-ray scattering performed using synchrotron radiation and atomic force microscopy showed that the EUD-E nanostructure, which has a size of approximately several nanometers, changed from a random coil structure at low pH (pH 4.0-5.0) to a partially folded structure at high pH (pH 5.5-6.5). The EUD-E also formed a partially folded structure in a wide pH range of 4.5-6.5 when SAC was present, and the coil-to-globule transition was moderate with pH increase, compared with that when SAC was absent. The equilibrium solubility of the neutral drug naringenin (NAR) was enhanced in the EUD-E solution and further increased as the pH increased. The enlargement of the hydrophobic region of EUD-E in association with the coil-to-globule transition led to efficient solubilization of NAR. The interaction with SAC enhanced the mobility of the EUD-E chains in the hydrophobic region of EUD-E, resulting in changes in the drug-solubilizing ability. 1H high-resolution magic-angle spinning NMR measurements revealed that the solubilized NAR in the partially folded structure of EUD-E showed higher molecular mobility in the presence of SAC than in the absence of SAC. This study highlighted that solution pH and the presence of SAC significantly changed the drug solubilization ability of EUD-E, followed by changes in the EUD-E nanostructure, including its hydrophobic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kenjirou Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morita
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Sayaka Mukaide
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Junpei Takeda
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Karashima
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ikeda
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Moribe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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First events in the coil-to-globule transition of PVME in water: An ultrafast temperature jump - time-resolved elastic light scattering study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:2018-2024. [PMID: 34749149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The coil-to-globule transition is an essential phenomenon in protein and polymer solutions. Late stages of such transitions, >1 µs, have been thoroughly studied. Yet, the initial ones are a matter of speculations. Here, we present the first observation of a sub-nanosecond stage of the coil-to-globule transition of poly (vinyl methyl ether), PVME, in water. EXPERIMENTS The detection of an early stage of the coil-to-globule transition has been possible thanks to a novel experimental approach - time-resolved elastic light scattering study, following an ultrafast temperature jump. We identified a molecular process active in the observed stage of the transition with use of broadband dielectric spectroscopy. FINDINGS In the experiment's time window, from a few ps to around 600 ps, we observed an increase in the light scattering intensity 300-400 ps after the temperature jump that heated the sample above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The observed time coincides with the time of segmental relaxation of PVME, determined by broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the temperature range of the LCST of the PVME/water mixture. This coincidence strongly suggests that the observed herein stage of coil-to-globule transition is the rapid formation of local nuclei along the polymer chain. Those nuclei may grow and aggregate in later stages of the process, which are out of our experimental time window.
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8
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Galiano F, Mancuso R, Guazzelli L, Mauri M, Chiappe C, Simonutti R, Brunetti A, Pomelli CS, Barbieri G, Gabriele B, Figoli A. Phosphonium ionic liquid-polyacrylate copolymer membranes for improved CO2 separations. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Van Gheluwe L, Chourpa I, Gaigne C, Munnier E. Polymer-Based Smart Drug Delivery Systems for Skin Application and Demonstration of Stimuli-Responsiveness. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1285. [PMID: 33920816 PMCID: PMC8071137 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in recent years in the field of stimuli-responsive polymers, whose properties change depending on the intensity of a signal, permitted an increase in smart drug delivery systems (SDDS). SDDS have attracted the attention of the scientific community because they can help meet two current challenges of the pharmaceutical industry: targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine. Controlled release of the active ingredient can be achieved through various stimuli, among which are temperature, pH, redox potential or even enzymes. SDDS, hitherto explored mainly in oncology, are now developed in the fields of dermatology and cosmetics. They are mostly hydrogels or nanosystems, and the most-used stimuli are pH and temperature. This review offers an overview of polymer-based SDDS developed to trigger the release of active ingredients intended to treat skin conditions or pathologies. The methods used to attest to stimuli-responsiveness in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emilie Munnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (I.C.); (C.G.)
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10
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Matsumoto M, Asoh TA, Shoji T, Tsuboi Y. Formation of Single Double-Layered Coacervate of Poly( N,N-diethylacrylamide) in Water by a Laser Tweezer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2874-2883. [PMID: 33616404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate liquid-liquid phase separation involving both coacervation and coil-to-globule phase transition of a thermoresponsive polymer. By focusing a near-infrared laser beam into an aqueous solution of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), a single phase-separated polymer microdroplet can be formed and stably trapped at the focal point. Such droplet formation is induced by a local elevation in temperature (induced by a photothermal effect) and an optical force. The technique allows us to selectively analyze a single polymer droplet trapped at the focal point. In this study, we applied this technique to poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEA) in water and generated a double-layered PDEA droplet. Such an inhomogeneous and complex microstructure has not been previously observed both in steady-state heating of a PDEA solution and in the PNIPAM system. Moreover, we used micro-Raman spectroscopy to clarify that PDEA underwent dehydration due to a coil-to-globule phase transition. Despite this, the polymer concentration (Cpoly) of the trapped PDEA droplet was very low and was around 30 wt %. Cpoly depended on the molecular weight of PDEA and the laser power that regulates the temperature elevation. These results strongly indicate that PDEA undergoes coacervation in addition to a coil-to-globule phase transition. This study will help provide us with a fundamental understanding of the phase separation mechanisms of thermoresponsive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Matsumoto
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Asoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shoji
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- The Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tsuboi
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- The Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA), Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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11
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Mussel M, Basser PJ, Horkay F. Ion-Induced Volume Transition in Gels and Its Role in Biology. Gels 2021; 7:20. [PMID: 33670826 PMCID: PMC8005988 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Incremental changes in ionic composition, solvent quality, and temperature can lead to reversible and abrupt structural changes in many synthetic and biopolymer systems. In the biological milieu, this nonlinear response is believed to play an important functional role in various biological systems, including DNA condensation, cell secretion, water flow in xylem of plants, cell resting potential, and formation of membraneless organelles. While these systems are markedly different from one another, a physicochemical framework that treats them as polyelectrolytes, provides a means to interpret experimental results and make in silico predictions. This article summarizes experimental results made on ion-induced volume phase transition in a polyelectrolyte model gel (sodium polyacrylate) and observations on the above-mentioned biological systems indicating the existence of a steep response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matan Mussel
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | | | - Ferenc Horkay
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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12
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Sala RL, Venâncio T, Camargo ER. Probing the Structural Dynamics of the Coil-Globule Transition of Thermosensitive Nanocomposite Hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1531-1541. [PMID: 33481601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite hydrogels have emerged to exhibit multipurpose properties, boosting especially the biomaterial field. However, the development and characterization of these materials can be a challenge, especially stimuli-sensitive materials with dynamic properties in response to external stimuli. By employing UV-vis spectroscopy and NMR relaxation techniques, we could outline the formation and behavior of thermosensitive nanocomposites obtained by in situ polymerization of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) and mesoporous silica nanofibers under temperature stimuli. For instance, inorganic nanoparticles covalently linked to PNVCL changed the pattern of temperature-induced phase transition despite showing similar critical temperatures to neat PNVCL. Thermodynamic parameters indicated the formation of an interconnected system of silica and polymer chains with reduced enthalpic contribution and mobility. The investigation of water molecule and polymer segment motions also revealed that the absorption and release of water happened in a wider temperature range for the nanocomposites, and the polymer segments respond in different ways during the phase transition in the presence of silica. This set of techniques was essential to reveal the polymer motions and structural features in nanocomposite hydrogels under temperature stimuli, demonstrating its potential use as experimental guideline to study multicomponent nanocomposites with diverse functionalities and dynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata L Sala
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis km 235, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Tiago Venâncio
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis km 235, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Emerson R Camargo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luis km 235, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
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13
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Pang B, Liu R, Han G, Wang W, Zhang W. The synthesis of thermoresponsive POSS-based eight-arm star poly( N-isopropylacrylamide): A comparison between Z-RAFT and R-RAFT strategies. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00087j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Z-Type POSS-based eight-arm star poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), POSS-(PNIPAM)8-Z, is synthesized and demonstrated to be a thermoresponsive switchable emulsifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Guang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials
- Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co
- Ltd
- Beijing 100123
- China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry & Material Science
- Langfang Normal University
- Langfang
- China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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14
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Gosecki M, Ziemczonek P, Maczugowska P, Czaderna-Lekka A, Kozanecki M, Gosecka M. The influence of 2-acrylamidephenylboronic acid on the phase behaviour of its copolymers with N-isopropylacrylamide in aqueous solution. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00397f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the synthesis and phase behaviour of statistical p(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-acrylamidephenylboronic acid), P(NIPAM-co-2-AAPBA) copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gosecki
- Polymer Division
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies
- Polish Academy of Science
- Poland
- 90-363 Lodz
| | - Piotr Ziemczonek
- Polymer Division
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies
- Polish Academy of Science
- Poland
- 90-363 Lodz
| | - Paulina Maczugowska
- Department of Molecular Physics
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Lodz University of Technology
- 90-924 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Anna Czaderna-Lekka
- Department of Molecular Physics
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Lodz University of Technology
- 90-924 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Marcin Kozanecki
- Department of Molecular Physics
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Lodz University of Technology
- 90-924 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Polymer Division
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies
- Polish Academy of Science
- Poland
- 90-363 Lodz
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15
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Konefał R, Černoch P, Konefał M, Spěváček J. Temperature Behavior of Aqueous Solutions of Poly(2-oxazoline) Homopolymer and Block Copolymers Investigated by NMR Spectroscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1879. [PMID: 32825475 PMCID: PMC7565327 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
1H NMR methods in combination with dynamic light scattering were applied to study temperature behavior of poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PIPOx) homopolymer as well as PIPOx-b-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMeOx) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx)-b-PMeOx diblock copolymers in aqueous solutions. 1H NMR spectra showed a different way of phase transition for the main and side chains in PIPOx-based solutions. Additionally, the phase transition is irreversible for PIPOx homopolymer and partially reversible for PIPOx-b-PMeOx copolymer. As revealed by NMR, the phase transition in PEtOx-based copolymers solutions exists despite the absence of solution turbidity. It is very broad, virtually independent of the copolymer composition and reversible with some hysteresis. Two types of water molecules were detected in solutions of the diblock copolymers above the phase transition-"free" with long and "bound" with short spin-spin relaxation times T2. NOESY spectra revealed information about conformational changes observed already in the pre-transition region of PIPOx-b-PMeOx copolymer solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (P.Č.); (M.K.)
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16
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Dušek K, Dušková-Smrčková M. Volume Phase Transition in Gels: Its Discovery and Development. Gels 2020; 6:E22. [PMID: 32752072 PMCID: PMC7557368 DOI: 10.3390/gels6030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of volume phase transition of responsive gels from its theoretical prediction to experimental discovery was described and the major role of mixing Gibbs energy function in theoretical models was stressed. For detailed analysis and fine tuning of the volume phase transition, the generalized Flory-Huggins model with concentration and temperature dependent interaction function coupled with Maxwell construction as a tool is very suitable. Application of expansive stresses can uncover the potential of various swelling gels for volume phase transition. Experimentally, the abrupt, equilibrium-controlled phase transition is often hard to achieve due to passage of gel through states of mechanical instability and slow relaxation processes in macroscopic objects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miroslava Dušková-Smrčková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
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17
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Ren H, Qiu XP, Shi Y, Yang P, Winnik FM. The Two Phase Transitions of Hydrophobically End-Capped Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)s in Water. Macromolecules 2020; 53:5105-5115. [PMID: 32952216 PMCID: PMC7497654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
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High-sensitivity
differential scanning calorimetry (HS-DSC) thermograms of aqueous
poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions present
a sharp unimodal endotherm that signals the heat-induced dehydration/collapse
of the PNIPAM chain. Similarly, α,ω-di-n-octadecyl-PNIPAM (C18-PN-C18) aqueous solutions exhibit a unimodal
endotherm. In contrast, aqueous solutions of α,ω-hydrophobically
modified PNIPAMs with polycyclic terminal groups, such as pyrenylbutyl
(Py-PN-Py), adamantylethyl (Ad-PN-Ad), and azopyridine- (C12-PN-AzPy)
moieties, exhibit bimodal thermograms. The origin of the two transitions
was probed using microcalorimetry measurements, turbidity tests, variable
temperature 1H NMR (VT-NMR) spectroscopy, and 2-dimensional
NOESY experiments with solutions of polymers of molar mass (Mn) from 5 to 20 kDa and polymer concentrations
of 0.1 to 3.0 mg/mL. The analysis outcome led us to conclude that
the difference of the thermograms reflects the distinct self-assembly
structures of the polymers. C18-PN-C18 assembles in water in the form
of flower micelles held together by a core of tightly packed n-C18 chains. In contrast, polymers end-tagged with azopyridine,
pyrenylbutyl, or adamantylethyl form a loose core that allows chain
ends to escape from the micelles, to reinsert in them, or to dangle
in surrounding water. The predominant low temperature (T1) endotherm, which is insensitive to polymer concentration,
corresponds to the dehydration/collapse of PNIPAM chains within the
micelles, while the higher temperature (T2) endotherm is attributed to the dehydration of dangling chains and
intermicellar bridges. This study of the two phase transitions of
telechelic PNIPAM homopolymer highlights the rich variety of morphologies
attainable via responsive hydrophobically modified aqueous polymers
and may open the way to a variety of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Ping Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Françoise M Winnik
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, PB 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI00140 Finland.,International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Material Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.,Department of Macromolecular Science, School of Graduate Studies, University of Osaka, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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18
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Rueda JC, Santillán F, Komber H, Voit B. Synthesis and Characterization of Stiff, Self-Crosslinked Thermoresponsive DMAA Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1401. [PMID: 32580475 PMCID: PMC7362251 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stiff thermosensitive hydrogels (HG) were synthesized by self-crosslinking free radical polymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), adjusting the degree of swelling by carboxylate-containing sodium acrylate (NaAc) or a 2-oxazoline macromonomer (MM). The formation of hydrogels was possible due to the self-crosslinking property of DMAA when polymerized with peroxodisulfate initiator type. The MM was synthetized by the ring-opening cationic polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline (MeOxa) and methyl-3-(oxazol-2-yl)-propionate (EsterOxa), and contained a polymerizable styryl endgroup. After ester hydrolysis of EsterOxa units, a carboxylate-containing MM was obtained. The structure of the hydrogels was confirmed by 1H high-resolution (HR)-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Suitable conditions and compositions of the comonomers have been found, which allowed efficient self-crosslinking as well as a thermoresponsive swelling in water. Incorporation of both the polar comonomer and the macromonomer, in small amounts furthermore allowed the adjustment of the degree of swelling. However, the macromonomer was better suited to retain the thermoresponsive behavior of the poly (NIPAAm) due to a phase separation of the tangling polyoxazoline side chains. Thermogravimetric analysis determined that the hydrogels were stable up to ~ 350 °C, and dynamic mechanical analysis characterized a viscoelastic behavior of the hydrogels, properties that are required, for example, for possible use as an actuator material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Rueda
- Polymer Laboratory, Physics Section, Research Department (DGI), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP), 15088 San Miguel, Peru;
| | - Fátima Santillán
- Polymer Laboratory, Physics Section, Research Department (DGI), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP), 15088 San Miguel, Peru;
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
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19
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Konefał R, Spěváček J, Mužíková G, Laga R. Thermoresponsive behavior of poly(DEGMA)-based copolymers. NMR and dynamic light scattering study of aqueous solutions. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Liu H, Ding A, Ma C, Huang X, Feng C, Wang Z, Wang Z, Lu G. The difluoromethylthio moiety lowers the LCST of oligo(ethylene glycol)-based homopolymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00920b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of difluoromethylthio moiety could significantly lower LCSTs of oligo(ethylene glycol)-based thermo-responsive homopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Aishun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhaolei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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21
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Luo G, Guo Y, Liu C, Han G, Ma X, Zhang W. What will happen when thermoresponsive poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) is tethered on poly(ionic liquid)s? RSC Adv 2019; 9:12936-12943. [PMID: 35520761 PMCID: PMC9063810 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01849b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermoresponsive ionic liquid diblock copolymer of poly[1-(4-vinylbenzyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate]-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P[VBMI][BF4]-b-PNIPAM) containing a hydrophilic poly(ionic liquid) block of P[VBMI][BF4] is prepared by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. This P[VBMI][BF4]-b-PNIPAM exhibits an abnormal thermoresponsive phase transition at a temperature above the phase transition temperature (PTT) of the PNIPAM block. For P[VBMI][BF4]-b-PNIPAM including a short P[VBMI][BF4] block, its aqueous solution becomes turbid at a temperature above the PTT of the thermoresponsive PNIPAM block, whereas for P[VBMI][BF4]-b-PNIPAM containing a relatively long P[VBMI][BF4] block even in the case of a relatively long PNIPAM block, the aqueous solution remains transparent at a temperature far above the PTT of the PNIPAM block, although a soluble-to-insoluble phase transition of the PINIPAM block is confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis and variable temperature 1H NMR analysis. The reason that P[VBMI][BF4]-b-PNIPAM exhibits an abnormal thermoresponse is discussed and ascribed to the highly hydrophilic and charged poly(ionic liquid) block of P[VBMI][BF4] leading to the formation of small-sized micelles at a temperature above the PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China +86-22-23503510
| | - Yakun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China +86-22-23503510
| | - Chonggao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China +86-22-23503510
| | - Guang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials, Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd Beijing 100123 China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China +86-22-23503510.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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22
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Loukotová L, Bogomolova A, Konefal R, Špírková M, Štěpánek P, Hrubý M. Hybrid κ-carrageenan-based polymers showing "schizophrenic" lower and upper critical solution temperatures and potassium responsiveness. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:26-37. [PMID: 30732762 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel multiresponsive hybrid biocompatible systems of κ-carrageenan-graft-poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline-co-2-butyl-2-oxazoline)s with unique combination of responsiveness to external stimuli were synthesized and studied. The polymer thermoresponsive behavior proved the existence of both lower and upper critical solution temperatures in aqueous milieu, forming gel at lower temperature, a solution at room temperature and cloudy nanophase-separated dispersion at elevated temperature. The limit temperatures can easily be adjusted by the polyoxazoline graft length and grafting density. Moreover, the polymer behavior is additionally dependent on the concentration of potassium ions. The polymers behave similarly as the original κ-carrageenan, and thus, the poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) grafts do not decrease the ability of the κ-carrageenan to form the self-assembled structures. Molecular principles beyond this multistimuli-responsive behavior were elucidated with the use of dynamic light scattering, magnetic resonance and fluorescence measurements as well as atomic force microscopy. These polymers could be used in a wide range of biological applications demanding thermo- and potassium-responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Loukotová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - A Bogomolova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - R Konefal
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - M Špírková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - P Štěpánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - M Hrubý
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, 162 06, Czech Republic.
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23
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Le Fer G, Wirotius AL, Brûlet A, Garanger E, Lecommandoux S. Self-Assembly of Stimuli-Responsive Biohybrid Synthetic-b-Recombinant Block Copolypeptides. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:254-272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Le Fer
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
| | - Anne-Laure Wirotius
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
| | - Annie Brûlet
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR 12 CEA−CNRS, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Elisabeth Garanger
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
| | - Sébastien Lecommandoux
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
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24
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Effect of N-isopropylacrylamide thermoresponsive blocks on the rheological properties of water-soluble thermoassociative copolymers synthesized via RAFT polymerization. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Murdoch TJ, Humphreys BA, Johnson EC, Webber GB, Wanless EJ. Specific ion effects on thermoresponsive polymer brushes: Comparison to other architectures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 526:429-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Liu M, Lu X, Gao L, Wang S, Huo Y, Chen ZN. Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Thermogel with Tunable Gelation and Self-Healing Property. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Department of Applied Chemistry; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xiaoxuan Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Department of Applied Chemistry; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Liang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Department of Applied Chemistry; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Shuting Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Department of Applied Chemistry; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Department of Applied Chemistry; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Zhe-Ning Chen
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
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27
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Salt enhanced solvent relaxation and particle surface area determination via rapid spin-lattice NMR. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Muljajew I, Weber C, Nischang I, Schubert US. PMMA- g-OEtOx Graft Copolymers: Influence of Grafting Degree and Side Chain Length on the Conformation in Aqueous Solution. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11040528. [PMID: 29601496 PMCID: PMC5951374 DOI: 10.3390/ma11040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Depending on the degree of grafting (DG) and the side chain degree of polymerization (DP), graft copolymers may feature properties similar to statistical copolymers or to block copolymers. This issue is approached by studying aqueous solutions of PMMA-g-OEtOx graft copolymers comprising a hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) backbone and hydrophilic oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (OEtOx) side chains. The graft copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and OEtOx-methacrylate macromonomers of varying DP. All aqueous solutions of PMMA-g-OEtOx (9% ≤ DG ≤ 34%; 5 ≤ side chain DP ≤ 24) revealed lower critical solution temperature behavior. The graft copolymer architecture significantly influenced the aggregation behavior, the conformation in aqueous solution and the coil to globule transition, as verified by means of turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and analytical ultracentrifugation. The aggregation behavior of graft copolymers with a side chain DP of 5 was significantly affected by small variations of the DG, occasionally forming mesoglobules above the cloud point temperature (Tcp), which was around human body temperature. On the other hand, PMMA-g-OEtOx with elongated side chains assembled into well-defined structures below the Tcp (apparent aggregation number (Nagg = 10)) that were able to solubilize Disperse Orange 3. The thermoresponsive behavior of aqueous solutions thus resembled that of micelles comprising a poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) shell (Tcp > 60 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Muljajew
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Christine Weber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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29
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Konefał R, Spěváček J, Černoch P. Thermoresponsive poly(2-oxazoline) homopolymers and copolymers in aqueous solutions studied by NMR spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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30
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Sahn M, Stafast LM, Dirauf M, Bandelli D, Weber C, Schubert US. LCST behavior of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) containing diblock and triblock copolymers. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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31
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Cao M, Han G, Duan W, Zhang W. Synthesis of multi-arm star thermo-responsive polymers and topology effects on phase transition. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00422f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Linear and star thermo-responsive polymers of poly(N-acryloylsarcosine methyl ester) [(PNASME)n] and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) [(PNIPAM)n] with arm number n = 1, 2, 3 and 4 were synthesized following a core-first method via solution RAFT polymerization employing a series of mono- and multi-functional chain transfer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Guang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials
- Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co
- Ltd
- Beijing 100123
- China
| | - Wenfeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials
- Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co
- Ltd
- Beijing 100123
- China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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32
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Futscher MH, Philipp M, Müller-Buschbaum P, Schulte A. The Role of Backbone Hydration of Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) Across the Volume Phase Transition Compared to its Monomer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17012. [PMID: 29208941 PMCID: PMC5717149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo-responsive polymers undergo a reversible coil-to-globule transition in water after which the chains collapse and aggregate into bigger globules when passing to above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The hydrogen bonding with the amide groups in the side chains has to be contrasted with the hydration interaction of the hydrophobic main-chain hydrocarbons. In the present investigation we study molecular changes in the polymer poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) and in its monomer N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) in solution across the LCST transition. Employing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy we probe changes in conformation and hydrogen bonding. We observe a nearly discontinuous shift of the peak frequencies and areas of vibrational bands across the LCST transition for PNIPAM whereas NIPAM exhibits a continuous linear change with temperature. This supports the crucial role of the polymer backbone with respect to hydration changes in the amide group in combination with cooperative interactions of bound water along the backbone chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz H Futscher
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Martine Philipp
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alfons Schulte
- University of Central Florida, Department of Physics and College of Optics and Photonics, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL, 32817-2385, United States.
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33
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Spěváček J, Konefał R, Dybal J, Čadová E, Kovářová J. Thermoresponsive behavior of block copolymers of PEO and PNIPAm with different architecture in aqueous solutions: A study by NMR, FTIR, DSC and quantum-chemical calculations. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Non-covalent interactions between poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and small aromatic probe molecules studied by NMR spectroscopy. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Dai Y, Wu P. Toward the two-step microdynamic phase transition mechanism of an oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate-based copolymer with a LCST-type poly(ionic liquid) block. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18556-18564. [PMID: 28686277 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02942j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new LCST-type thermoresponsive polyelectrolyte P[P4,4,4,4][SS], poly(tetrabutyl phosphonium styrene sulfonate), was introduced to PMEO2MA (poly(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate)) via RAFT polymerization, in order to explore the transition behavior of the block copolymer PMEO2MA-b-P[P4,4,4,4][SS] with two distinct LCST-type segments. A relatively sharp LCST-type phase transition with only one transition point is observed in the turbidity curves, while the whole phase transition is completely different from the micro perspective. The phase transition temperature range is relatively broad, according to the unsynchronized changes of different protons of the two blocks in the temperature-variable 1H NMR analysis. From PCMW analysis, it is found that there exists an obvious two-step phase transition behavior, especially in the region of the C-H groups. Accordingly, we divided the whole transition process into two subregions: 20-40 °C and 40-55 °C in 2Dcos analysis. At the first stage of 20-40 °C, the CH3 groups mainly belonging to the backbones of PMEO2MA blocks have the earliest response to the heating and drive the first step of the dehydration process of PMEO2MA-b-P[P4,4,4,4][SS], resulting in the formation of an intermediate micelle state composed of the collapsed PMEO2MA core and hydrophilic P[P4,4,4,4][SS] corona. In particular, the conformational changes and the more compact structures due to the interaction between the C[double bond, length as m-dash]O groups and P[P4,4,4,4][SS] segments (ν(C[double bond, length as m-dash]OD2O-PILs)) were observed using IR analysis. With the continual increase of the temperature, when the second temperature range of 40-55 °C is reached, the P[P4,4,4,4][SS] segments start to collapse and expel the water molecules, driven by the anions of the poly(ionic liquid)s, with the phosphonium cations being distributed over the relatively hydrophilic outside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Dai
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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36
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Zuppardi F, Chiacchio FR, Sammarco R, Malinconico M, Gomez d'Ayala G, Cerruti P. Fluorinated oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate-based copolymers: Tuning of self assembly properties and relationship with rheological behavior. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Strachota B, Matějka L, Sikora A, Spěváček J, Konefał R, Zhigunov A, Šlouf M. Insight into the cryopolymerization to form a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/clay macroporous gel: structure and phase evolution. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:1244-1256. [PMID: 28117862 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02278b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The cryopolymerization and formation of a macroporous poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA)/clay cryogel were investigated. The mechanism of the cryopolymerization and cryogel formation was elucidated. Two processes, cryostructuration and cryopolymerization, proceed simultaneously and their relative rates determine the structure evolution and the cryogel morphology - porosity. The cryostructuration in the PNIPA/clay system during freezing, controlled by the freezing temperature and the rate of cooling, includes both water and NIPA crystallization, formation of a highly concentrated non-frozen liquid phase (NFLP) and clay aggregation. The rate of cryopolymerization and gelation is governed by the following effects: by a low polymerization temperature and after freezing, by the high cryoconcentration and a steric confinement, manifested by a reduced reagent mobility. Moreover, it depends on the cooling rate and the evolution of cryostructuration. The progress of cryostructuration and cryopolymerization during freezing was described and experimentally proved step by step. Both the phase development during freezing and the progress of cryopolymerization including gelation were monitored in situ by NMR, DSC, chemorheology and SAXS. The morphology and porosity of the cryogels were characterized by SEM and TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Strachota
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Libor Matějka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Antonín Sikora
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Spěváček
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Alexander Zhigunov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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38
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Durkut S, Elçin YM. Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-g-collagen. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 45:1665-1674. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1276925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serap Durkut
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, Turkey
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39
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Ma L, Wang G, Sun S, Wu P. The influence of a thermoresponsive polymer on the microdynamic phase transition mechanisms of distinctly structured thermoresponsive ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22263-22271. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03602g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study of a ternary solution involving a thermoresponsive polymer, a thermoresponsive ionic liquid (IL), and a solvent will not only help with interpreting their distinct phase transition behavior, but also promote the development of novel thermoresponsive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Shengtong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Peiyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
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40
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Kametani S, Sekine S, Ohkubo T, Hirano T, Ute K, Cheng H, Asakura T. NMR studies of water dynamics during sol-to-gel transition of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) in concentrated aqueous solution. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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Wang S, Sun P, Liu M, Lu A, Zhang L. Weak interactions and their impact on cellulose dissolution in an alkali/urea aqueous system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:17909-17917. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02514a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work exhibited the indispensability and significance of weak non-covalent interactions between urea and macromolecules in a sophisticated physical chemistry process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Ang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- China
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Zhang Y, Tang H, Wu P. Multiple interaction regulated phase transition behavior of thermo-responsive copolymers containing cationic poly(ionic liquid)s. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:30804-30813. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05846b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Schematic illustration of the phase transition mechanism of the P(OEGMA-co-BVIm[SCN]) copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Hui Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Peiyi Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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43
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Hanyková L, Spěváček J, Radecki M, Zhigunov A, Kouřilová H, Sedláková Z. Phase transition in hydrogels of thermoresponsive semi-interpenetrating and interpenetrating networks of poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) and polyacrylamide. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Petrova SS, Schlotgauer AA, Kruppa AI, Leshina TV. Self-Association of Glycyrrhizic Acid. NMR Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2016-0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of various NMR techniques allows to demonstrate the aggregation processes of β-glycyrrhizic acid (GA) in water/methanol (4:1, v:v) mixture with solution pH≤5. The micelle formation was monitored by measuring T2 relaxation and diffusion of GA. The model of gelation from micelles was suggested. It was shown that NMR chemical shifts of the protons of GA glucuronic moiety are sensitive to solution pH and not sensitive to GA concentration changes. At the same time the protons of triterpene moiety are sensitive to the nearest environment during the GA aggregation, and micelles are formed by hydrophobic interaction between the triterpene moieties of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S. Petrova
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Institutskaya str. 3, Russian Federation
| | - Anna A. Schlotgauer
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Institutskaya str. 3, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I. Kruppa
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Institutskaya str. 3, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana V. Leshina
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Institutskaya str. 3, Russian Federation
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45
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Gao L, Kong T, Huo Y. Dual Thermoresponsive and pH-Responsive Poly(vinyl alcohol) Derivatives: Synthesis, Phase Transition Study, and Functional Applications. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Kong
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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46
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Konefał R, Spěváček J, Jäger E, Petrova S. Thermoresponsive behaviour of terpolymers containing poly(ethylene oxide), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(ε-caprolactone) blocks in aqueous solutions: an NMR study. Colloid Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-016-3930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Ye Z, Li Y, An Z, Wu P. Exploration of Doubly Thermal Phase Transition Process of PDEGA-b-PDMA-b-PVCL in Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6691-6700. [PMID: 27299984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of phase transition mechanism of thermoresponsive polymers is the basis for the rational design of smart materials with predictable properties. Linear ABC triblock terpolymer poly(di(ethylene glycol)ethyl ether acrylate)-b-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-b-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PDEGA-b-PDMA-b-PVCL) was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The doubly thermal phase transition of PDEGA-b-PDMA-b-PVCL in aqueous solution was investigated by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), turbidimetry, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The terpolymer self-assembles into micelles with PDEGA being the core-forming block during the first lower critical solution temperature (LCST) transition corresponding to PDEGA, which is followed by a second LCST transition corresponding to PVCL, resulting in the formation of micellar aggregates. The PDMA middle segment plays an important role as an isolation zone to prevent cooperative dehydration of the PDEGA and PVCL segments, and therefore, two independent LCST transitions corresponding to PDEGA and PVCL were observed. Furthermore, FT-IR with perturbation correlation moving window (PCMW) and two-dimensional spectroscopy (2DCOS) was applied to elucidate the two-step phase transition mechanism of this terpolymer. It was observed that the CH, ester carbonyl, and ether groups of PDEGA change prior to the CH and amide carbonyl groups of PVCL, further supporting that the two phase transitions corresponding to PDEGA and PVCL indeed occur without mutual interferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Youcheng Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zesheng An
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Peiyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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48
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Filippov SK, Bogomolova A, Kaberov L, Velychkivska N, Starovoytova L, Cernochova Z, Rogers SE, Lau WM, Khutoryanskiy VV, Cook MT. Internal Nanoparticle Structure of Temperature-Responsive Self-Assembled PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM Triblock Copolymers in Aqueous Solutions: NMR, SANS, and Light Scattering Studies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5314-5323. [PMID: 27159129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report detailed information on the internal structure of PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM nanoparticles formed from self-assembly in aqueous solutions upon increase in temperature. NMR spectroscopy, light scattering, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) were used to monitor different stages of nanoparticle formation as a function of temperature, providing insight into the fundamental processes involved. The presence of PEG in a copolymer structure significantly affects the formation of nanoparticles, making their transition to occur over a broader temperature range. The crucial parameter that controls the transition is the ratio of PEG/PNIPAM. For pure PNIPAM, the transition is sharp; the higher the PEG/PNIPAM ratio results in a broader transition. This behavior is explained by different mechanisms of PNIPAM block incorporation during nanoparticle formation at different PEG/PNIPAM ratios. Contrast variation experiments using SANS show that the structure of nanoparticles above cloud point temperatures for PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM copolymers is drastically different from the structure of PNIPAM mesoglobules. In contrast with pure PNIPAM mesoglobules, where solidlike particles and chain network with a mesh size of 1-3 nm are present, nanoparticles formed from PNIPAM-b-PEG-b-PNIPAM copolymers have nonuniform structure with "frozen" areas interconnected by single chains in Gaussian conformation. SANS data with deuterated "invisible" PEG blocks imply that PEG is uniformly distributed inside of a nanoparticle. It is kinetically flexible PEG blocks which affect the nanoparticle formation by prevention of PNIPAM microphase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey K Filippov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Bogomolova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Leonid Kaberov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Nadiia Velychkivska
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Larisa Starovoytova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Zulfiya Cernochova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS-STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX Oxon United Kingdom
| | - Wing Man Lau
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights , PO Box 224, Reading, RG6 6AD Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights , PO Box 224, Reading, RG6 6AD Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T Cook
- Department of Pharmacy & Research Centre in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield, AL10 9AB Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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49
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Spěváček J, Konefał R, Čadová E. NMR Study of Thermoresponsive Block Copolymer in Aqueous Solution. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Spěváček
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Eva Čadová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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50
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Rao KM, Rao KSVK, Ha CS. Stimuli Responsive Poly(Vinyl Caprolactam) Gels for Biomedical Applications. Gels 2016; 2:E6. [PMID: 30674138 PMCID: PMC6318617 DOI: 10.3390/gels2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinyl caprolactam) (PNVCL) is one of the most important thermoresponsive polymers because it is similar to poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide). PNVCL precipitates from aqueous solutions in a physiological temperature range (32⁻34 °C). The use of PNVCL instead of PNIPAM is considered advantageous because of the assumed lower toxicity of PNVCL. PNVCL copolymer gels are sensitive to external stimuli, such as temperature and pH; which gives them a wide range of biomedical applications and consequently attracts considerable scientific interest. This review focuses on the recent studies on PNVCL-based stimuli responsive three dimensional hydrogels (macro, micro, and nano) for biomedical applications. This review also covers the future outlooks of PNVCL-based gels for biomedical applications, particularly in the drug delivery field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kummara Madhusudana Rao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609 735, Korea.
| | - Kummari Subba Venkata Krishna Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa 516 003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI48202, USA.
| | - Chang-Sik Ha
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609 735, Korea.
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